DOCSLIB.ORG

Archaeology Desk Based Assessment & Heritage Statement

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Archaeology Desk Based Assessment & Heritage Statement WELSFORD STREET LONDON, SE1 5RA ARCHAEOLOGY DESK BASED ASSESSMENT & HERITAGE STATEMENT VOLUME 1: ARCHAEOLOGY Prepared for LB Southwark Mills Whipp Projects Ltd., 40, Bowling Green Lane, London EC1R 0NE 020 7415 7044 [email protected] December 2017 Executive Summary The purpose of the desk based assessment of archaeology is to identify the archaeological potential of the development site and summarise the impact of the proposed development on it. It has been prepared by Mills Whipp Projects. The site is centred on National Grid Reference TQ 3411 7858 and is approximately 0.21ha in area. During the preparation of this report the Greater London Historic Environment Record (HER) was consulted for an area of 500m radius centred on TQ 3411 7858 (Historic England report No. 137750) (Fig. 2). The chief cartographic sources have been used and a selection of these is appended as illustrations. This research shows that the subject site does not contain any Scheduled Ancient Monuments and does not lie within a Designated Archaeological Area as defined in Schedule Ancient Monuments & Archaeological Areas Act 1979. The site does not contain any listed buildings but does lie within in the Bermondsey Lake Archaeological Priority Zone (APZ). Under the provision of Saved Policy 3.19 a pre- determination evaluation of the site will be required. There are no known non- designated archaeological remains listed within Historic England’s Historic Environment Record on the site. During the prehistoric/Roman period the site is likely to have lain a few hundred metres north of the Bermondsey Lake. Ancient occupation would probably have focussed on the lake’s shoreline and Neolithic and Bronze Age peats and a platform have been recorded by the Old Kent Road. During the Roman period the site lay in a managed agricultural landscape approximately 300m north of the main Roman road, Watling Street. Landuse in the area of the site remained agricultural until the 18th century when market gardening was also carried out (Figs. 3-6). The area of the site was developed in the late19th century, mainly with residential housing. The site was occupied by a row of houses on its eastern Welsford Street frontage while at their rear the ground remained undeveloped (Figs. 7-12). By the 1970s the site had been cleared and the housed replaced with a row of garages (Figs. 13 -15). A geotechnical survey showed that most of the site has a deposit sequence composed of modern made ground, containing brick and concrete fragments and clinker. This lies on the natural gravel. In the central area of the western car park, however, window sample WS3/3A (Appendix 3) shows there may be some survival of more ancient soil directly over the gravel. The site is considered to have a low potential for significant archaeology. WELSFORD STREET, LONDON, SE1 5RA ARCHAEOLOGICAL DESK BASED ASSESSMENT Executive Summary Contents 1. Introduction 2. Report Specification 3. Planning Background 4. Archaeological Background 5. Archaeological Assessment and Impact Assessment 6. Conclusions Appendix 1 Archaeological Gazetteer Appendix 2 Sources Consulted Appendix 3 Borehole Logs Figures Fig.1 Subject Site Fig.2 Archaeological Background Fig.3 Rocque 1746 Fig.4 Horwood 1799 Fig.5 Ordnance Survey 1801 Fig.6 Horwood 1819 Fig.7 Stamford 1862 Fig.8 Ordnance Survey 1871 Fig.9 Ordnance Survey 1894 Fig.10 Ordnance Survey 1914 Fig.11 LCC Bomb Map 1945 Fig.12 Ordnance Survey 1951 Fig.13 Ordnance Survey 1970-78 Fig.14 Ordnance survey 1986 Fig.15 Photograph of current site Fig.16 Proposed site plan Fig.17 Foundation Design Plot 1-6 Fig.18 Foundation Design Plot 7-10 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Mills Whipp Projects Ltd. has been commissioned by LB Southwark to prepare a desk based assessment of archaeology for the proposed development of the Welsford Street site (hereafter ‘the site’) (Fig.1). 1.2 The rectangular shaped site is centred on National Grid Reference TQ 3411 7858 and is approximately 0.21ha in area. It lies about 1.1km south of the River Thames. Thorburn Square lies on its northern side and Lynton Road on its southern (Fig. 1). Its western side is defined by the rear gardens of properties fronting onto Reverdy Road and its eastern side by Welsford Street. 1.3 A site visit was carried out on the 11th December. The ground surface of the western car park is composed of tarmac and concrete in which several service covers are set (Fig. 15). It varies in height from 2.05m OD to 2.13m OD. The garages on its eastern side have floor levels at 2.37m OD to 2.47m OD. Opposite the site Welsford Street lies at 2.28m OD to 2.38m OD. The highest recorded elevation of the Kempton Park Gravel Formation on the site is 1.11m OD (Appendix 3, BH1). 1.4 The subject site does not contain any Scheduled Ancient Monuments nor does it lie within a Designated Archaeological Area as defined in Schedule Ancient Monuments & Archaeological Areas Act 1979. It does, however, lie within the Bermondsey Lake Archaeological Priority Zone (APZ) (previously DLO35764) and close to the Old Kent Road APZ (previously DLO35767). There are no known non-designated archaeological remains or listed buildings on the site as indicated by Historic England’s Historic Environment Record (HER) (report No. 13775). 1.5 It is noted that archaeological HER entries within the 500m radius study area around the site are not evenly distributed but cluster within its southern section just north of the Old Kent Road. This has been taken into consideration when assessing archaeological potential of the site. 1.6 It is proposed to build ten houses (a mix of 2b, 2b WC and 4b) in a traditional format similar to houses along Welsford Street. They will be founded on strip foundations. 1.7 In undertaking this work the following documents have been adhered to: • GLAAS Guidance for archaeological projects in London 2015 • Chartered Institute of Field Archaeologists - Code of Conduct • Chartered Institute of Field Archaeologists, 1994 Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Desk-based Assessments • English Heritage, 1991 - Management of Archaeological Projects 2. REPORT SPECIFICATION Report status 2.1 The assessment has been prepared to ascertain the archaeological potential of the subject site and is intended to form part of the planning application documentation for the redevelopment of the site. Origin and scope of the report 2.2 Mills Whipp Projects has been commissioned by LB Southwark to prepare the archaeological desk based assessment. The purpose of this report is to identify the archaeological implications for the redevelopment. Aims and Objectives 2.3 A desk based assessment as defined by the Chartered Institute of Field Archaeologists (CIfA, 2001) will: “determine, as far as is reasonably possible from existing records, the nature of the archaeological resource within a specified area. It will be undertaken using appropriate methods and practices which will satisfy the stated aims of the project, and which comply with the Code of Conduct, Code of Approved Practice for the Regulation of Contractual Arrangements in Field Archaeology, and other relevant Bylaws of the Institute of Field Archaeologists.” 2.4 A desk based assessment represents: “a programme of assessment within a specified area or site on land, inter-tidal zone or underwater. It consists of a collation of existing written, graphic, photographic and electronic information in order to identify the likely character, extent, quality and worth of the known or potential archaeological resource in a local, national or international context as appropriate.” 2.5 The purpose of desk-based assessment is to: “gain information about the known or potential archaeological resource within a given area or site, (including its presence or absence, character and extent, date, integrity, state of preservation and relative quality of the potential archaeological resource) in order to make an assessment of its merit in context, leading to one or more of the following: • the formulation of a strategy to ensure the recording, preservation or management of the resource • the formulation of a strategy for further investigation, whether or not intrusive, where the character and value of the resource is not sufficiently defined to permit a mitigation strategy or other response to be devised • the formulation of a proposal for further archaeological investigation within a programme of research.” 2.6 The submission of a desk based assessment report to accompany a planning application conforms with the intent of paragraph 7 (under ‘The Role of Public Authorities and Planners’) of the Code of Good Practice established by the Cultural Heritage Committee of the Council of Europe (CHCE 2000), which states that before taking decisions affecting the archaeological heritage, planners should “obtain adequate information and advice, applying non-destructive methods of investigation wherever possible; and also with the intent of paragraph 1 (under ‘The Role of Architects and Developers’) which states that the purpose [of assessment] will be not only to establish if it is necessary to dig but also to build a picture of [the site’s] morphology and its potential.” Methodology 2.7 The assessment has been carried out in accordance with guidance from various bodies including the Chartered Institute of Field Archaeologists and the Association of Local Government Archaeological Officers (see above). In summary the work has involved identifying the client’s objectives, identifying the sources available for consultation, assembling, consulting and examining these sources. 2.8 Survival of archaeological deposits on the subject site depends on previous land-use, so an assessment has been made of the destructive effect of the previous and present activity. 2.9 In order that the appropriate archaeological response can be identified, consideration has been given to the need for either further assessment and/or field evaluation work to identify and locate surviving deposits on the site.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Old Kent Road Old Kent Road Area Vision Map
    Old Kent Road Old Kent Road Area Vision Map NSP56 Canada Water Bermondsey Station Station Bermondsey Spa NSP55 Southwark Elephant and Castle Gardens Park Old Kent Road rail and tube station Surrey Quays NSP57 Station NSP59 NSP60 NSP58 South Bermondsey NSP61 Station Surrey Square Park NSP62 NSP66 NSP64 NSP63 NSP67 NSP69 Key: NSP Site Allocations Burgess Park Existing Greenspace New Greenspace S NSP74 Strategic Protected u Industrial Land r r NSP65 e NSP73 Revitalised High y Street C a NSP68 Cycle Network n NSP71 a Asylum 0 500 l NSP70 P Peckham Chapel a t Rye Station metres h Scale: 1:11,000 NSP72 262 New Southwark Plan Proposed Submission Version AV.12 Old Kent Road Area Vision AV.12.1 Old Kent Road is: • Not just any old road. For 2000 years it has been a vital artery connecting the commerce and culture of one of the world’s great cities to Europe. Its strength as a place to live, work and do business is its central London location and inner city character. Old Kent Road • A place with a strong community identity. It has excellent park and local spaces and there is a clear pride in locally maintained community gardens. Burgess Park nearby provides valuable wildlife, open space, play and sports facilities benefitting physical and mental health. • A place with excellent schools, active voluntary organisations and home to many faith groups. Some 10,000 people are employed locally in a wide variety of jobs including manufacturing, transport, the arts, distribution and retail. • Home to many different types of retail, from small shops and cafes on the high street to larger supermarkets, builders merchants and retail warehouses.
    [Show full text]
  • Old Kent Road Walkabouts and Workshop
    Old Kent Road walkabouts and workshop: Report of Findings August 2013 Old Kent Road walkabouts and workshop: August 2013 Contents 1. Introduction..............................................................................................................2 2. Context....................................................................................................................2 3. Methodology............................................................................................................4 4. Next Steps...............................................................................................................4 5. Walkabout Notes Route 1:.......................................................................................6 Albany Road To Bricklayers Arms Roundabout.......................................................6 6. Walkabout Notes Route 2:.....................................................................................15 Albany Road To St James’s Road.........................................................................15 7. Walkabout Notes Route 3:.....................................................................................21 Brimmington Park To St James’s Road .................................................................21 Appendix 1: Three Routes.....................................................................................26 Appendix 2: Flyer ..................................................................................................28 The comments made in this report were made
    [Show full text]
  • Brickearth Soils in the South-East New Forest Are Well Drained
    BRIGKEARTH, AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE CHARACTER OF SOILS, IN THE SOUTH-EAST NEW FOREST By G. C. FISHER I. INTRODUCTION BRICKEARTH is an indefinite geological term applied to loamy, superficial deposits of Quaternary age. Structureless deposits of brickearth are common in Southern and Eastern England and in most, particles in the size range iojxm to 200(j.m are dominant. The Geological Survey maps a number of patches of brickearth in the south­ western New Forest, most notably at Barton-on-Sea. Additional deposits of brickearth have been described from the New Forest (White 1915, Everard 1952, Lewin 1966a) and the author records several more in this paper for the south-east of the area. The first aim of the work here recorded was to determine the extent of brickearth deposits in the south-east corner of the New Forest. Everard (1952) provides a very general map of brickearth distribution around Southampton Water which shows a large deposit at Fawley not recorded by the Geological Survey. As well as adding to the map of Everard an attempt was made to locate shallow deposits of brickearth, not mappable by the geologist, but which may make an important contribution to soils. A further aim of the work was to try and determine the origin of the brickearth. Some brickearths have been described, especially from Kent (Pitcher et al 1954, Dines et al 1954), which have a particle size distribution which shows them to be true loesses, i.e. 50 per cent of the particles have diameters in the range 10 |un to 50 (im (Russell 1944, Pecsi 1968).
    [Show full text]
  • Sub-Area 1 Consultation
    OKR AAP SUB-AREA 1 CONSULTATION What is the Old Kent Road Area Action Plan? OKR 2 OKR 3 760 new homes 2,200 new homes 1,400 jobs 2,120 jobs Southwark Council’s 20 year plan for Office/creative space New primary school and building and land use in the area 6-9 storey buildings university New park Planning applications will be New major cultural approved if they comply with the OKR 1 attraction Building heights generally 4 Flyover at Bricklayers policies in the AAP to 8 storeys, with some up Arms roundabout to 16 storeys replaced by a new tube It could affect where you live, station and park OKR 4 work, shop, play and how you New supermarket, retail, get around OKR 5-9 leisure, offices and housing Retail frontages New tube station and urban You can play a part in shaping and housing will provide square the future of your local area by 140 jobs and 191 homes Buildings heights from 5 to 30 storeys responding to the consultation Building heights generally 4 to 5 storeys, with some up to 16 storeys What new development does the AAP propose? (c) Southwark Council OKR AAP G r a n View a copy of the AAP at your local Library: Find more information on our website at: g e R OKR East Street Library 168-170 Old Kent Road SE1 5TY www.southwarkcan.org/okraap o 2 a d Peckham Library 122 Peckham Hill Street SE15 5JR Crimscott St Blue Anchor Library Southwark Park Road SE16 3UQ W i OKR l 1 l o w M a n Consultation on this draft of the AAP ends on 21 March 2018 at 11:59pm.
    [Show full text]
  • Landscape Assessment of Kent 2004
    CHILHAM: STOUR VALLEY Location map: CHILHAMCHARACTER AREA DESCRIPTION North of Bilting, the Stour Valley becomes increasingly enclosed. The rolling sides of the valley support large arable fields in the east, while sweeps of parkland belonging to Godmersham Park and Chilham Castle cover most of the western slopes. On either side of the valley, dense woodland dominate the skyline and a number of substantial shaws and plantations on the lower slopes reflect the importance of game cover in this area. On the valley bottom, the river is picked out in places by waterside alders and occasional willows. The railway line is obscured for much of its length by trees. STOUR VALLEY Chilham lies within the larger character area of the Stour Valley within the Kent Downs AONB. The Great Stour is the most easterly of the three rivers cutting through the Downs. Like the Darent and the Medway, it too provided an early access route into the heart of Kent and formed an ancient focus for settlement. Today the Stour Valley is highly valued for the quality of its landscape, especially by the considerable numbers of walkers who follow the Stour Valley Walk or the North Downs Way National Trail. Despite its proximity to both Canterbury and Ashford, the Stour Valley retains a strong rural identity. Enclosed by steep scarps on both sides, with dense woodlands on the upper slopes, the valley is dominated by intensively farmed arable fields interspersed by broad sweeps of mature parkland. Unusually, there are no electricity pylons cluttering the views across the valley. North of Bilting, the river flows through a narrow, pastoral floodplain, dotted with trees such as willow and alder and drained by small ditches.
    [Show full text]
  • B1 Office to Let 1,299 Sq.Ft. (120.67 Sqm)
    B1 OFFICE TO LET 1,299 SQ.FT. (120.67 SQM) 59-61 OLD KENT ROAD, BERMONDSEY, LONDON SE1 4RF B1 OFFICE TO LET 1,299 SQ.FT. (120.67 SQM) LOCATION DESCRIPTION Located at the top of Old Kent Road, the The office is found on the first floor of a three property overlooks the Bricklayers Arms. It storey building. It is divided into four separate benefits from amenities on Tower Bridge office areas, a kitchen and toilets. Road and easy access to Elephant and Castle. The unit benefits from high ceilings, windows in each divided office and air conditioning. Elephant and Castle Station is 0.8 miles away from the office. It services the RENT Thameslink line, Bakerloo line and Seeking offers in the region of £26,000 per Southeastern. annum. TENURE VIEWING A new lease is available on flexible terms. By appointment through sole agents. COSTS Rateable Value - The rateable value is CONTACT available upon application. Service Charge – included in rent. KALMARs COMMERCIAL Utilities – Gas, water and electricity are Scott Bebbington included in the rent. 0207 403 0600 Legal Costs - Both parties will be responsible [email protected] for their own legal costs. 59-61 OLD KENT ROAD, BERMONDSEY, LONDON, SE1 4RF B1 OFFICE TO LET 1,299 SQ.FT. (120.67 SQM) 59-61 OLD KENT ROAD, BERMONDSEY, LONDON SE1 4RF All properties are offered subject to contract and availability. These particulars are believed to be correct when published, but we cannot accept any liability whatsoever for any misrepresentation made either in these particulars or orally.
    [Show full text]
  • Mare Street Pub Tol(Ens Slums Theatre
    , Hacl(ney 1story• 11 ~ Mare street ~ pub tol(ens \J slums ~ theatre • ~ ~ 1sto• In this issue the story of 195 Mare Street - Hackney's most important Georgian house 19th century pub tokens - what they were and who produced them the Standard theatre in the lively 1870s a Shoreditch slum and its landlord the inter-war workers' theatre movement ISSN 1360 3795 £4.00 free to subscribers THE FRIENDS OF H ACKNEY ARCHIVES Hackney History volume twelve 1 195 Mare Street Jon Bolter 3 Local public-house tokens and their Robert H. Thompson 13 2 makers, 1802 -1896 Snapshots from the Standard: Sal!J England 23 3 theatre in Shoreditch in the 1870s Norfolk Buildings : Denzse Barnett 35 4 a story of sanitation in Shoreditch A dramatic interlude: the inter-war Carole Mills 47 5 working class theatre movement Abbreviations 2 Contributors to this issue 56 Ackn01vledgments 56 THE FRIENDS OF HACKNEY ARCHIVES 2006 Published by the Friends of Hackney Archives The Friends keep members in touch with developments in the Archives, and with new research. D onations to the Friends have purchased new material and sponsored conserva tion of books, manuscripts, playscripts, visual material, and two important collections of theatre posters. Friends receive the regular newsletter The H acknr:y Terrier and the journal, Hacknry History. Visits and other meetings are arranged from time to time. 195 Mare Street Membership is open to all. The subscription is £10.00 per calendar year in the UK, £20.00 overseas. For each additional member at the same address please add £ 2.00 (one mailing only is sent).
    [Show full text]
  • Old Kent Road Employment Study
    Old Kent Road Employment Study March 2016 The Old Kent Road Employment Study is an employment study jointly prepared by the London Borough of Southwark and the Greater London Authority’s Regeneration Team Copyright Base Maps © Crown Copyright and database right 2014. Ordnance Survey 100032216 GLA Project team Acknowledgements Tim Cutts, Paul Harper, Tina Jadav, Alex Marsh and Barbara-Ann Overwater All the guest researchers who gave their time to help with the initial survey work Guest researchers Tom Weaver, Tom Buttrick, Nick Wolff, Participants in the Old Kent Road Natalie Ntim, Philip Waters, George Community Forum, whose invaluable local Mitzalis, Kate Johnson, Susannah Pettit, knowledge and helpful feedback shaped Kevin Dykes, Ambrose Omoma and the report into a more accurate and user Suley Muhidin friendly document Drawings by Tina Jadav, Alex Marsh, and Edmund Bird for his comments and Alison Mayer historical insight All surveys were completed in autumn All the businesses that gave their time to 2014 and spring 2015. participate in the creation of this study Content Introduction 3 Historical context 4 Current context 6 Methodology 11 Analysis 13 Site types 19 Case Studies 24 Business aspirations 43 Next steps 45 Weber Industries are an arts fabrication firm based on Haymerle Road. They have been commissioned for a huge variety of projects with past clients ranging from large retailers to well know fine artists Introduction The Old Kent Road is a historic London Together with the Greater London Au- detailed understanding of what currently high street made iconic by its position as thority, Southwark Council are preparing exists in the area, an indispensable part the lowest value property on the Monop- a new plan for the Old Kent Road and of any plan making process.
    [Show full text]
  • Medway Landscape Character Assessment March 2011
    Medway Landscape Character Assessment March 2011 Contents Executive Summary ......................................................... iii Landscape Character Area summary sheets ...... 17 Landscape Character Areas ......................................... v Appendices ...................................................................... 113 Introduction .......................................................................... 1 A: Planning policy ............................................... 113 What is landscape and why it matters ................ 1 B: Landscape types ............................................. 118 Purpose and scope .................................................. 1 C: Methodology and analysis ........................... 122 Planning context ...................................................... 2 D: Sample survey sheets ................................... 124 Landscape Character Assessment – previous ....... E: Analysis mapping ............................................. 125 studies ....................................................................... 2 F: Common Terms .............................................. 131 Methodology and analysis ..................................... 3 Bibliography .................................................................... 133 Content and Structure ........................................... 4 Medway’s Landscape ........................................................ 7 Wider influences and considerations ................................ 7 New development and landscape
    [Show full text]
  • Brit~Sh Brick Society
    BRIT~SH BRICK SOCIETY T% ;~m NQ 41 Feb'87 OFFICERS OF THE BRITISH BRICK SOCIETY Chairman Mr T P Smith BA, MA, School Flat, Dartford Gramma. and M.Litt., MIFA School for Boys, West Hill Editor of Dartford, Kent DA1 2HW I Information' Hon. Sec Mr M Hammett ARIBA 9 Bailey Close, Lucas Road and High Wycombe, HP13 6QA Membership Sec (0494) 20299 (who also receives all direct subscriptions £3 p.a.) Enquiries Sec Mr 0 Kennett 27 Lords Lane, Bradwell Great Yarmouth Norfolk NR31 8NY (for enquiries on academic or historical matters) Hon. Treasurer Mr M 0 P Ha~mond A.B.I.A. T. St Annes' 13 Jackson Road, Parkstone Poole, Dorset BH12 3AJ (only mattersconcerning the annual ales, expenses etc.) Publications Mrs A Los "Peran", Plaxton Bridge, Officer and Woodmansey, Beverley Bibliographer E Yorks HU17 ORT OFFICERS OF THE BRICK SECTION OF THE BRITISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION Chairman Mr T W T Tatton-Brown BA 2 MillLane, St Radigunds Canterbury, Kent. Hon. Sec Mr M Hammett ARIBA (Address as above) Membership Sec Miss I B McClure 61 Old Park Ridings BAA Winchmore Hill London NZJ 2n Members oF the BAA may elect to join its Brick Section and, as such, will be eligible for affiliation to the British Brick Society. They should" inform the Hon Secretary of the BBS oF their address so that they can be included in the membership list. March 1987 BRITISH BRICK SOCI ETY RMATIO 4 CD EDITORIAL: BUILDING CERAMICS CO (j) or-- In 1986 the British Brick Society visiten sites in West Sussex and Surrey; this was the > first meeting of its kind -unconnected with ce the AGM and it is hoped that the exercise can be.
    [Show full text]
  • A Conceptual Model for Loess in England
    1 A Conceptual Model for Loess in England: Principles and Applications 2 3 Assadi-Langroudi, A 4 5 6 Arya Assadi-Langroudi 7 School of Architecture, Computing and Engineering, University of East London, London, United Kingdom 8 Email: [email protected] 9 10 11 Abstract 12 PTD, an acronym for Provenance - Transport - Deposition, is a multilayer geomorphotechnical system, the 13 combination of geomorphology, Quaternary Sciences, and geotechnical consequences of its 14 implementation in groundworks and other crosscutting disciplines. Embedded in its three layers are 15 geographical, geochemical, geophysical, mineralogy, dating, lithological and geotechnical inputs. In this 16 state-of-the-art review contribution and for Loess in England, Syngenetic and Epigenetic mechanisms are 17 drawn out and used to generate the three constitutive layers for three conceptual PTD models and the 18 interrelationships among them. The developed models are then deployed to inform earthworks design for 19 three HS2 embankments in Chiltern Hills. 20 21 22 Key words 23 Loess; Syngenetic; Epigenetic; Quaternary; Earthworks 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 1 1 1. Introduction 2 Patchily scattered loess successions in basins and valleys, on hills and around rivers over Southern England 3 were first reported in Prestwich (1863). Sequences of Loess across Midland, South and South East England 4 with greater than 1m thickness have significant hiatuses and are restricted to Thames Estuary in North Kent 5 (Catt, 1978). Loessic sequences of up to 8m thickness have been reported in South Essex across as area of 6 approximately 10Km in diameter and centred around Stambridge (Northmore et al., 1996), and sequences 7 of up to 4m thickness in subsurface buried erosional channels (Milodowski et al., 2015).
    [Show full text]
  • Bricklayers Arms Bus Service Changes
    Bricklayers Arms bus service changes Consultation Report September 2017 Contents Executive summary ..................................................................................................... 3 Summary of issues raised during consultation ......................................................... 3 Next steps ................................................................................................................ 3 1. About the proposals ............................................................................................ 4 2. About the consultation ........................................................................................ 5 2.1 Purpose .......................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Potential outcomes ......................................................................................... 5 2.3 Who we consulted .......................................................................................... 5 2.4 Dates and duration ......................................................................................... 5 2.5 What we asked ............................................................................................... 6 2.6 Methods of responding ................................................................................... 6 2.7 Analysis of consultation responses ................................................................ 6 3. About the respondents .......................................................................................
    [Show full text]