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Studies of American Plants Vi T .Mfe FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY FOUNDED BY MARSHALL FIELD, 1893 PUBLICATION 352 BOTANICAL SERIES VOL. XI, No. 5 STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS VI BY PAUL C. STANDLEY ASSOCIATE CURATOR OF THE HERBARIUM, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY B. E. DAHLGREN CURATOR, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY EDITOR CHICAGO, U.S.A. FEBRUARY 10, 1936 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY FOUNDED BY MARSHALL FIELD, 1893 PUBLICATION 352 BOTANICAL SERIES VOL. XI, No. 5 STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS VI BY PAUL C. STANDLEY ASSOCIATE CURATOR OF THE HERBARIUM, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY THE LIBRARY OF THE B. E. DAHLGREN DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY CURATOR, ) | EWTOR UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS CHICAGO, U.S.A. FEBRUARY 10, 1936 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OP AMERICA BY FIELD MUSEUM PRESS FB STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS VI PAUL C. STANDLEY Like some of the former papers of this series, the present one is devoted principally to studies of tropical American and especially South American Rubiaceae. During past years the writer has been fortunate in having temporarily for study several thousand sheets of South American plants of this family, lent to Field Museum of Natural History by European herbaria. The most important of these sendings came from the Delessert Herbarium of Geneva, through the kindness of Dr. J. I. Briquet. This loan consisted largely of material already more or less critically determined, and while it did not reveal many novelties, it supplied numerous species that the writer never had seen previously, and consequently it facilitated a more accurate determination of certain material in the herbarium of Field Museum and of that received from other institutions. Other sendings of large extent were received, as noted in the last preceding paper of the present series, from the following Euro- pean herbaria: Botanical Garden and Museum, Berlin-Dahlem, through the courtesy of the Director, Dr. L. Diels, and of Dr. K. Krause, custodian of the Rubiaceae of the Berlin Museum; Riks- museet, Botaniska Afdelning, Stockholm, lent by Dr. Gunnar Samuelsson; Museum of Natural History, Paris, through the Director; v5 Jardin Principal Botanique, Leningrad, submitted by the Director, > and through the interest of Dr. Georges Woronow; Royal Botanic ^ Gardens, Kew, transmitted by the Director, Sir Arthur W. Hill. These loans were composed almost wholly of undetermined Rubia- and amounted to hundreds of sheets. I ceae, they many Although __ consisting largely of recent collections, they included, especially the shipments from Leningrad, Kew, and Paris, innumerable old ^" specimens, some of which were collected more than a century ago. These, after having remained so long without critical attention, -^ were found to be almost as rich in new species as the more recent collections submitted by Stockholm and Berlin. To the curators of the herbaria mentioned the writer wishes "* to express his sincere thanks for the loan of so much valuable and taxonomically interesting material, whose shipment to Chicago clerical ^5 involved a great amount of and other labor. This, it is to 145 U. 146 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XI be hoped, has been repaid in part by the determinations added to the sheets. The loans are an illustration of the fine spirit of cooper- ation shown in recent years by the curators of European herbaria to American students of the tropical American flora. There have been received from the United States National Herbarium, through Dr. William R. Maxon and Ellsworth P. Killip, duplicates and unique specimens obtained by various recent expeditions, which, naturally enough, contained Rubiaceae that were new or otherwise important. The collection richest in this respect was the one made recently in Brazil and Venezuela by E. G. Holt. Further study of the Peruvian series of Dr. A. Weberbauer, G. Tessmann, and Llewelyn Williams has discovered additional new species of Rubiaceae, especially from the Amazon Valley. Evidently that region of Peru is still far from exhaustion botanically. Likewise, the older collections procured in Colombia by Triana, Goudot, and others have added to the list of Rubiaceae already published for that country by the writer. Whoever inspects the two unwieldy volumes of the Flora Brasi- liensis that are devoted to the Rubiaceae may believe that the rubiaceous flora of Brazil is well known, but the extensive recent gatherings from that country represented at Stockholm, Kew, Berlin, and elsewhere, lead one to suspect that the end is not yet in sight. Western Brazil, still practically unknown, undoubtedly will add hundreds of undescribed Rubiaceae to embarrass the student of the Brazilian flora. The relatively few pages devoted here to plants other than Rubiaceae are occupied with notes and descriptions of plants of miscellaneous groups. A number of new Peruvian Amaranthaceae are described. GRAMINEAE Luziola Spruceana Benth. This aquatic grass has not been reported from Central America or from continental North America. A single collection has been seen by the writer: Honduras: Lake Yojoa, Pito Solo, alt. 600 meters, growing in 1 meter of water, J. B. 4 Edwards AQ . CYCLANTHACEAE Carludovica Williamsii, sp. nov. Terrestris; folia graciliter petiolata, lamina basi acute attenuata fere ad basin bifida, segmentis linearibus integris longe attenuatis 35-40 cm. longis 1-1.5 cm. latis STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS 147 suberectis c. 8-nerviis et valde plicatis, lamina simplicinervia; pedunculus gracilis 20 cm. longus et ultra rectus vel paullo flexuosus; spathae 2 c. 7 cm. longae oblongo-lanceolatae longiattenuatae; spadix parvus oblongus crasse 5-8 mm. longe stipitatus c. 2 cm. longus et 8 mm. latus pauciflorus. Peru: San Roque, Dept. San Martin, alt. 1,400 meters, January 16, 1930, growing in humid loam on stream banks, the plants about 45 cm. high, Llewelyn Williams 7477 (herb. Field Mus. No. 621,023, type). Vernacular name, "yacu-sisa." BROMELIACEAE Pitcairnia puypides L. B. Smith, sp. nov., e fragmentis solum verisimiliter metralis: 9 dm. cognita, valida, plus quam fpliis longis; vagina late ovata, 7 cm. longa, atro-castanea, lucida, supra glabra, subtus dissite minuteque sordido-floccosa; lamina lineari-lanceolata, acuminata, 33 mm. lata, ad basin versus paulo attenuata sed vix petiolata, spinis rectis gracilibus atro-castaneis ad 3 mm. longis dense armata, pungenti, mox glabra: scapo erecto, 15 mm. diametro, subglabro; scapi bracteis suberectis, foliaceis, densissime imbricatis: inflorescentia composita, minutissime floccosa, mox glabra: racemis laxe florigeris, 15-21 cm. longis; rhachi valida, ea racemprum lateralium ad basin versus valde complanata; bracteis florigeris ovatis, acuminatis, quam pedicelli subduplo brevioribus; floribus suberectis vel divergentibus; pedicellis gracilibus, 15-20 mm. longis; sepalis asymmetrice ovatis, acutis, 24 mm. longis, 8 mm. latis, crasse coriaceis; petalis ligulatis, 6 cm. longis, nudis, lacteis; staminibus inclusis; ovario pyramidato, % supero; ovulis caudatis. Peru: San Martin, epiphytic in forest, Zepelacio, near Moyobamba, alt. 1,200-1,600 meters, 1934, Klug 3547 (Gray Herb., type). In Mez's key to Pitcairnia in the Pflanzenreich this species comes next to P. tarapotensis, but is utterly different in floral details and in habit. In fact, the stout habit, coarse broad sepals, and large whitish petals are much more reminiscent of the genus Puya than of a typical Pitcairnia like P. tarapotensis. However, the partially inferior ovary and caudate-appendaged ovules place it definitely in Pitcairnia. PIPERACEAE Piper san-juananum Trelease, sp. nov. Frutex?, internodiis fertilibus brevibus et crassiusculis laxe pallido-villosis; folia oblique lanceolato-elliptica acute acuminata, basi inaequilatera et pbtusa vulgo uno latere cordulata, 12-16 cm. longa 4-6.5 cm. lata e dimidio inferiore penninervia, rugosa, supra basibus pilorum mollium alborum scabra, nervis subtus hirsutis; petiolus 1 cm. longus subtus villosus, tantum ad basin vaginans; spicae 80-90 mm. longae 3 mm. crassae acuminatae pallidae; pedunculus fere nullus 2 mm. longus et 2 mm. crassus plus minusve pilosus; bracteae rotundato-subpeltatae; 148 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BOTANY, VOL. XI baccae oblongae; stigmata 3, minuta. Salvador: San Juan de Tepezontes, in 1929, Dr. Salvador Calderon 2539 (herb. Field Mus. No. 603,261, type). Piper tepezontesense Trelease, sp. nov. Frutex?, plus minusve nodosus, nervis subtus puberulis exceptis glaber, internodiis fertilibus subgracilibus breviusculis; folia elliptica subcaudato-acuminata basi e dimidio acuta, 12-15 cm. longa 5-7.5 cm. lata, inferiore pennineryia, in statu sicco modice tenuia et obscure rugosa, supra lucido-viridia subtus pallidiora; petiolus circa 10 mm. longus tantum ad basin vaginans striato-puberulus; spicae 80-120 mm. longae 3 mm. crassae, acuminato-mucronatae; pedunculi breves vix 5 mm. longi; bracteae lunulato-subpeltatae; baccae subquadratae umbilicatae; stigmata 3 sessilia. Salvador: San Juan de Tepezontes, in 1929, Dr. Salvador Calderdn 2548 (herb. Field Mus. No. 603,259, type); also JVo. 2541 from the same locality. OLACACEAE Heisteria eurycarpa, sp. nov. Frutex omnino glaber, ramulis gracillimis subteretibus brunneis, internodiis 1.5-3 cm. longis; folia parva petiplata tenuiter coriacea lucida, petiolo gracili 7-10 mm. longo; lamina elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica 4-9 cm. longa 2.5-4 cm. lata abrupte anguste acuminata, acumine attenuate obtuso, basi rotundata vel obtusa, supra in sicco luteovirens, venis prominulis, subtus paullo pallidior, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere c. 5-6
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    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien. Frueher: Verh.des Zoologisch-Botanischen Vereins in Wien. seit 2014 "Acta ZooBot Austria" Jahr/Year: 2019 Band/Volume: 156 Autor(en)/Author(s): Berger Andreas, Schinnerl Johann Artikel/Article: Taxonomical and phytochemical diversity of Costa Rica Palicoureeae and Psychotrieae (Rubiaceae) 231-248 Acta ZooBot Austria 156, 2019, 231–248 Taxonomical and phytochemical diversity of Costa Rica Palicoureeae and Psychotrieae (Rubiaceae) Andreas Berger & Johann Schinnerl Species of the large and complex coffee family (Rubiaceae) are frequent elements in any tropical rainforest. The two hyperdiverse sister tribes Palicoureeae and Psychotrieae represent some of the largest radiations within the family as well as in Costa Rica. Al­ though these groups are of great ecological and ethnopharmacological importance, there are only few studies dealing with their local diversity, taxonomy and life history traits. Some of these topics are addressed in an ongoing project at the Field Station La Gamba and recent results are briefly summarized here. Using modern generic concepts, initial taxonomic studies of Central American representatives revealed that a large number of species traditionally placed in Psychotria actually belong to the genus Palicourea, which necessitated several new nomenclatural combinations. In the new circumscription, Pali- courea becomes one of the largest plant genera and includes prominent species such as the ‘kissing lips’ (P. elata, P. tomentosa), which are easily spotted in the forests around La Gamba. Extensive floristic studies and herbarium revisions revealed the occurrence of six genera and 45 species in the Piedras Blancas National Park and the adjacent Golfito National Wildlife Refuge.
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