Apuntes Sobre El Rock

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Apuntes Sobre El Rock Apuntes sobre el Rock Trabajo de investigación realizado por los alumnos de la materia Apreciación auditiva 1 dictada en Emu-Educación Dirección y Coordinación: Luis Aceto. Fuentes: http://es.wikipedia.org http://int.soyrock.com http://www.rock.com http://www.magicasruinas.com.ar/rock/revrock244.htm http://www.rincondelvago.com/ LA HISTORIA DEL ROCK ENCICLOPEDIA DIARIO LA NACION Publicada por el Diario La Nacion en 1993 Discografía existente de Las Bandas Definición: La Palabra rock se refiere a un lenguaje musical contemporáneo que engloba a diversos géneros musicales derivados del rock and roll, que a su vez proviene de una gran cantidad de fuentes, principalmente blues, rythm and blues y country, pero también del gospel y jazz INDICE Orígenes: 50´s pag.3 60´s, / 70´s pag.8 70´s / 80´s pag.10 80´s / 90´s pag.13 90´s pag.18 2000´s pag.19 géneros de música derivados del Rock & Roll pag.20 En la versión de Word presione Control + B para buscar el nombre de una banda Orígenes: Bluegrass Estractado De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre El bluegrass (literalmente, "hierba azul") es un estilo musical incluido en el country que, en la primera mitad del siglo XX, se conoció como Hillbilly. Tiene sus raíces en la música tradicional de Inglaterra, Irlanda y Escocia, llevada por los inmigrantes de las Islas Británicas a la región de los Apalaches Denominación El nombre bluegrass procede del nombre del área en que se originó, llamada "región Bluegrass" (Bluegrass region), que incluye el norte del estado de Kentucky y una pequeña parte del sur del estado de Ohio. A su vez, la región tomó su nombre de la palabra "bluegrass" ("hierba azul"), nombre común de la poa de los prados, una gramínea del género Poa, frecuente en la zona. Bill Monroe, llamado el "padre del bluegrass" fundó en 1939 el grupo Blue Grass Boys, cuyo nombre era un homenaje a su estado natal, Kentucky. Este es el origen de la utilización del término para designar el estilo musical. El término no se popularizó en Estados Unidos hasta los años 50, siendo conocido anteriormente como Hillbilly. Hillbilly es un término peyorativo usado en EE.UU. para definir a los habitantes de ciertas áreas remotas, rurales o montañosas. Intérpretes destacados Alison Krauss Bill Monroe Earl Scruggs The Ditty Bops Cherryholmes Ricky Skaggs Blues Estractado De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre El blues es un género musical vocal e instrumental, basado en la utilización de una escala particular y de un patrón repetitivo, que suele seguir una estructura de doce compases. Originario de las comunidades afroamericanas de Estados Unidos, se desarrolló a través de los espirituales, canciones de oración y canciones de trabajo. La utilización de la nota blues y la importancia de los patrones de llamada y respuesta, tanto en la música como en las letras, son indicativos de la herencia africana-occidental de este género. Un rasgo característico del blues es el uso extensivo de las técnicas "expresivas" de la guitarra (bend, vibrato, slide), que posteriormente influirían en solos de muchos estilos. Gospell La música gospel, música espiritual o música evangélica, en su definición más restrictiva, es la música religiosa que surgió de las iglesias afroamericanas en el siglo XVIII y que se hizo popular durante la década de 1930. Más generalmente, suele incluirse también la música religiosa compuesta y cantada por cantantes cristianos sureños, independientemente de su raza. Rhythm and Blues El Rhythm and Blues (abreviado por sus siglas R&B) o Jumping Music es un género musical derivado en su origen del jazz, el gospel y el blues. El término musical fue introducido en Estados Unidos en 1949 por Jerry Wexler de la revista Billboard. Sustituyó al término conocido como "race records" (grabaciones de raza), considerado ofensivo para la posguerra mundial, así como para la categoría de Billboard "Harlem Hit Parade" en junio de 1949, Cronología: 50´s. rock and roll y el rockabilly (rock and roll + hillbilly) Algunos músicos de sellos discográficos como el mítico Sun Records, con el que comenzará su carrera musical Elvis Presley, fusionan la música blanca country (hillbilly, bluegrass, etc.) con la tradición musical afroamericana, especialmente el blues, obteniendo de este modo un nuevo sonido, que será denominado "rockabilly". Se caracteriza por una base acústica -con o sin batería- en la que el contrabajo por medio de la técnica del slap ejerce una importante función rítmica, piano y/o guitarra eléctrica con un acusado efecto de retardo o delay (ocasionalmente aparecen instrumentos vaqueros como el steel guitar o el violín y bluseros como el saxofón), y una voz también cargada de efectos de eco y reverberación. Siguiendo la herencia del blues el vocalista "rockabilly" tiende a distorsionar intencionadamente las silabas con un característico vibrato, alargándolas o acortándolas según el climax, lo que le da una fuerte carga sensual. La influencia del blues es tan notoria que los primeros estandars del género, temas como That's all rigth, Mystery train, Good rocking tonite, Whole lotta shakin' going on, Rock this joint, Crazy man crazy o Baby let's play house, no son sino versiones de clásicos rythm and blues adaptadas al entonces novedoso sonido. Este nuevo género musical pronto se hará muy popular en todo el territorio de los Estados Unidos, conviertiéndose en el embrión del rock & roll. Además de Elvis Presley, entre las grandes estrellas de este género musical encontramos a artistas como Carl Perkins, Jerry Lee Lewis, Eddie Cochran, Gene Vincent, Warren Smith, Sonny Burguess,Wanda Jackson, Johnny Cash, Billy Lee Riley o Janis Martin. También podemos contar entre los grandes intérpretes del género al Rock and roll trio de los hermanos Burnette, Charlie Feathers, Sonny Fisher, Glen Glenn, Ronnie Self, Johnny Carrol Mac Curtis, Ron Woody o Carl Mann, por citar también a algunos. Destacan también estrellas del rock and roll como Bill Haley, Buddy Holly o los Everly Brothers los cuales registraron excelente "rockabilly" en sus inicios, así como Chuck Berry que realizó esporádicas -aunque afortunadas- incursiones en el género en temas como Maybellene. Además, un buen puñado de estrellas Country como Conway Twitty, Marty Robbins, Charlie Rich, Waylon Jennings, Rick Nelson o el ya citado Johnny Cash; y Pop como Johnny Burnette y Roy Orbison, grabaron material Rockabilly de gran calidad en los comienzos de sus carreras. http://www.guitarraonline.com.ar/mudy.htm McKinley Morganfield (alias Muddy Waters) nace en Rolling Fork (Mississipi). Pasará los primeros años de su vida en una plantación, hasta que, en 1943, se muda a Chicago. Allí, su amigo -y también músico- Bill Bill Broonzy le introduce en los clubs musicales de la ciudad, donde pronto empieza a actuar. En 1945, los hermanos Chess le contratan para su discográfica, Aristocrat Records, donde empieza a trabajar como músico de acompañamiento para otros artistas. En 1948, lanza su primer disco: I Can´t Be Satisfied. Le siguen Screamin' and Cryin' y Rollin' and Tumblin'. En 1950, el sello pasa a llamarse Chess Records. El cambio le trae suerte a Muddy Waters, ya que su primera grabación con la nueva discográfica, Rollin' Stone, se convertirá en un clásico. Durante los siguientes ocho años, su nombre alcanzará, en repetidas ocasiones, las primeras posiciones de las listas Rhythm and Blues, gracias a composiciones como She Moves Me, Hoochie Coochie Man, Mannish Boy o I've Got My Mojo Working. Se convierte en una figura de culto. Con el tiempo, sus canciones serán versioneadas, entre otros, por los Rolling Stones (que adoptan su nombre inspirándose en su canción), The Band o Elvis Presley. A mediados de los sesenta, su figura, promocionada por los grupos que forman parte de la "Invasión Británica", adquiere proporciones míticas. En 1968 graba, junto a Bo Diddley y Howlin Wolf, el disco The Super Blues Band. En 1976, es una de las grandes estrellas del concierto de despedida de The Band. En 1978, actúa en la Casa Blanca, a petición de Jimmy Carter. Falleció el 30 de abril de 1983, después de sufrir un ataque de corazón en su casa de Chicago. CHUCK BERRY. "EL PADRE NEGRO DEL `ROCK AND ROLL". DIEGO A. MANRIQUE http://platea.pntic.mec.es/~jrodri5/web_rock_roll/chuck_berry.html Nobleza obliga: Elvis Presley fue el catalizador de la explosión del rock and roll, la encarnación de su poder de fascinación, pero corresponde a Chuck Berry la distinción de haber proporcionado dimensión mítica e identidad a esa música. Sus canciones son la quintaesencia del género: ritmo imparable, guitarra afilada, sonido electrificante, historias de excepcional precisión y poder de evocación. Como instrumentista define lo que es el estilo básico de los guitarristas de rock hasta el presente. Como compositor, sus piezas retratan de forma imperecedera el estilo de vida de la América juvenil de los años cincuenta, aparte de perfilar la mitología del rock and roll. Son estas cualidades las que le convierten en el más influyente de los pioneros del género, con centenares de versiones de sus temas principales grabadas por Elvis Presley, los Beatles, los Rolling Stones, Jerry Lee Lewis, Bruce Springsteen y mil más (incluyendo a Bob Dylan, que en más de una ocasión ha injertado sus letras en estructuras tomadas de Berry). Charles Edward Berry se sube al tren del rock and roll por casualidad. Nacido el 18 de octubre de 1931 en Saint Louis, Estado de Misuri, tuvo una adolescencia problemática ?tres años en un reformatorio por intento de robo? y pasó por las cadenas de montaje de la General Motors. Padre de familia, decidió mejorar su posición social: estudia cosmética y peluquería en cursos nocturnos, a la vez que se gana un sobresueldo como líder del Chuck Berry Combo, un trío donde toca la guitarra y canta un repertorio amplio que va desde las baladas de Nat King Cole hasta los ritmos excitantes de Louis Jordan.
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