RESEARCH ARTICLE Visceral leishmaniasis in an environmentally protected area in southeastern Brazil: Epidemiological and laboratory cross- sectional investigation of phlebotomine fauna, wild hosts and canine cases Maria Rita Donalisio1☯, LaõÂs Moraes Paiz1☯*, Vanessa Gusmon da Silva2☯, VirgõÂnia a1111111111 Bodelão Richini-Pereira3☯, Andrea Paula Bruno von Zuben4³, Claudio Luiz Castagna4³, a1111111111 Gabriela Motoie2³, Roberto Mitsuyoshi Hiramoto2³, Jose Eduardo Tolezano2☯ a1111111111 a1111111111 1 Department of Public Health, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, 2 Center for Systemic Parasitic Diseases, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, 3 Bauru II Center of a1111111111 Regional Laboratories, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil, 4 Campinas Municipal Health Department, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. ³ APBvZ, CLC, GM, and RMH also contributed equally to this work. *
[email protected] OPEN ACCESS Citation: Donalisio MR, Paiz LM, da Silva VG, Richini-Pereira VB, von Zuben APB, Castagna CL, et al. (2017) Visceral leishmaniasis in an Abstract environmentally protected area in southeastern Brazil: Epidemiological and laboratory cross- Background sectional investigation of phlebotomine fauna, wild hosts and canine cases. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11(7): Leishmaniasis is a rapidly expanding zoonosis that shows increasing urbanization. Concern e0005666. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. exists regarding the role of wildlife in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) transmission, due to fre- pntd.0005666 quent natural or anthropogenic environmental changes that facilitate contact between wild- Editor: Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara, Universidade life, humans and their pets. The municipality of Campinas, in southeastern Brazil, initially Federal de Minas Gerais, BRAZIL recorded VL in 2009, when the first autochthonous case was confirmed in a dog living in an Received: January 9, 2017 upscale residential condominium, located inside an environmentally protected area (EPA).