NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Registration Form
This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions in How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by entering the information requested. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories listed in the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items.
1. Name of Property historic name Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District other names/site number
2. Location street & number Roughly bounded by US Route 9, block 505/ lot 30.01, Seashore Road, and not for publication block 505/lot 12 city or town Lower Township vicinity state New Jersey code NJ county Cape May code 009 zip code 08204
3. State/Federal Agency Certification
As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I certify that this nomination request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant nationally statewide locally. See continuation sheet for additional comments.
Signature of certifying official/Title Date
State or Federal agency and bureau
In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria. See continuation sheet for additional comments.
Signature of certifying official/Title Date
State or Federal agency and bureau
4. National Park Service Certification I hereby certify that this property is: Signature of the Keeper Date of Action
entered in the National Register. See continuation sheet.
determined eligible for the National Register. See continuation sheet. DRAFT determined not eligible for the National Register.
removed from the National Register.
other, (explain:)
Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Cape May County, NJ Name of Property County and State
5. Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property (Check as many boxes as apply) (Check only one box) (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.)
X private building(s) Contributing Noncontributing
public-local X district 34 4 buildings
public-State site 0 0 sites
public-Federal structure 13 0 structures
object 13 0 objects
60 4 Total
Name of related multiple property listing Number of contributing resources previously (Enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing.) listed in the National Register N/A 3
6. Function or Use Historic Functions Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions) (Enter categories from instructions) SOCIAL/Meeting Hall RECREATION AND CULTURE: museum
7. Description Architectural Classification Materials (Enter categories from instructions) (Enter categories from instructions) Vernacular foundation STONE, CONCRETE walls WOOD/clapboard; ASBESTOS; SYNTHETICS/ vinyl
roof WOOD/shingle; ASPHALT; METAL other
Narrative Description DRAFT (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) --see continuation sheets--
Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Cape May County, NJ Name of Property County and State
8 Statement of Significance Applicable National Register Criteria Areas of Significance (Mark "x" in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the (Enter categories from instructions) property for National Register listing.) A: social history X A Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past.
C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period or method of construction or Period of Significance represents the work of a master, or possesses 1973-2006 high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction.
D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, Significant Dates information important in prehistory or history. 1973
Criteria considerations (mark "x" in all the boxes that apply.) Significant Person Property is: (Complete if Criterion B is marked above)
A owned by a religious institution or used for religious purposes.
X B removed from its original location. Cultural Affiliation none C a birthplace or grave.
D a cemetery.
E a reconstructed building, object or structure. Architect/Builder
F a commemorative property.
X G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50 years.
Narrative Statement of Significance (Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.)
9. Major Bibliographical References Bibliography (cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.)
Previous documentation on file (NPS): Primary location of additional data preliminary determinationDRAFT of individual listing (36 State Historic Preservation Office CFR 67) has been requested Other State agency previously listed in the National Register Federal agency previously determined eligible by the National Local government Register University designated a National Historic Landmark X Other recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey Name of repository: # Historic Cold Spring Village recorded by Historic American Engineering Record #
Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Cape May County, NJ
Name of Property County and State
10. Geographical Data Acreage of property 20.9 acres
UTM References (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet.)
1 3 Zone Easting Northing Zone Easting Northing 2 4
X See continuation sheet
Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.)
Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.)
11. Form Prepared By name/title Janet W. Foster and Joan E. Berkey organization date 4-11-2016 street & number 27 Maple Avenue telephone 973-822-0441 (Foster) city or town Madison state NJ zip code 07940
Additional Documentation Submit the following items with the completed form: Continuation Sheets
Maps
A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location.
A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources.
Photographs
Representative black and white photographs of the property.
Additional items (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items)
Property Owner (Complete this item at the request of the SHPO or FPO.) name Historic Cold Spring Village Foundation c/o Ms. Annie Salvatore street & number 720 Route 9 telephone 609-898-2300 city or town Cape May state NJ zip code 08204
Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordanceDRAFT with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C.470 et seq.)
Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18.1 hours per response including time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this from to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.O. Box 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Projects (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503.
NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 1 Cape May County, NJ ______
Summary Description
The Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District is a living history museum village that occupies a 29.9-acre tract in the Cold Spring area of Lower Township in Cape May County, New Jersey. The historic district contains 28 contributing historic buildings and structures, and ten contributing historic objects that range in date from ca. 1691 to ca. 1957. Among these contributing resources are houses, a blacksmith shop, stores, a jail, an inn, millstones, social halls, a school bell, a poultry house, a carriage house, outhouses, railroad buildings, and barns. The buildings are vernacular expressions of various architectural types including Post-medieval English, Federal, Folk/Pre- Railroad, Greek Revival, and Colonial Revival styles. All are of wood frame construction. Three buildings are listed individually in the State and National Registers of Historic Places. The district contains one non-contributing historic building, a ca. 1804 barn that was moved to the site in 2015, which falls outside the period of significance. Also within the district are 22 contributing support buildings and structures, also of wood frame, in addition to three contributing objects, constructed to provide support and ancillary services for the museum village. Among the contributing support buildings and structures are ticket booths, gazebos, a sandwich stand, a chicken coop, a pottery building, storage and workshop buildings, and a pavilion. Of the 28 contributing historic buildings, 25 were moved from various locations in Cape May County, one was moved from neighboring Cumberland County, and two stand at their original location.
The historic district is sited between two busy north-south roads, Seashore Road to the west and US Route 9 to the east. The museum village is a designed landscape setting, which uses clam-shell paved parking lots off each of the roads as access to, and buffer for, the village’s buildings. Most of the contributing historic buildings are placed close to each other in the center of the property in a village-like setting crisscrossed with clam shell paths that are lined with mature deciduous and evergreen trees. Adjoining the village nucleus to the north and within the district are a farm garden, horse pasture, and a ca. 1880 barn with outbuildings. Along the eastern boundary, a railroad right- of-way with extant railroad tracts contains five contributing resources.
Description Note: Buildings, structures, and objects are identified as contributing (C) or non-contributing (NC) in the following narrative description and are also numbered (#1, #2, etc.); these numbers correlate to their position on the attached site plans.
Historic Cold SpringDRAFT Village Historic District is composed of an outdoor living history museum known as Historic Cold Spring Village (hereafter referred to as “Village”) set on an irregularly- shaped 29.9-acre tract in the Cold Spring area of Lower Township, Cape May County, New Jersey. This section of the township derives its name from a freshwater spring flowing from the salt marshes that has attracted sightseers since the 1700s and is extant in the southeast corner of the district. [photo 6] Cape May County, located in the southeastern-most part of New Jersey, is a peninsula bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the east and the Delaware River and Bay on the south and west. Lower Township occupies the southerly lower quarter of the county.
NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 2 Cape May County, NJ ______
The 29.9-acre historic district is composed of: (1) 20.2 acres contained in block 505, lot 13.02; (2) eight acres acquired through a long term lease and located on adjoining lot 13.01; and (3) 1.7 acres of a railroad right-of-way located adjacent to and parallel with US Route 9 which forms part of the eastern boundary.
The majority of district buildings and the nucleus of the museum village are located on the 20.2-acre lot. The adjoining eight-acre lot contains a vegetable farm garden, horse pasture, and a ca. 1880 barn (C, #12, photo 16) with outbuildings (C, #41, photo 16 and NC, #58, photo 36), while the railroad right-of-way contains three contributing historic buildings (#21, #22, #23, all seen in photo 16) and two contributing support buildings (#40, photo 1 and #37, photo 6).
US Route 9 and the railroad right-of-way form part of the district’s eastern boundary (photo 1), while a small stream known as Bradner’s Run (also called Mill Creek) demarcates the south boundary. Seashore Road defines the western boundary along block 505 lot 13.02 (photo 2). The west and north boundaries contained in lot 13.01 follows the slightly irregular boundary line for the eight acres that are leased on a long-term basis to the Village.
Located southwest of the historic district on Seashore Road is the historic Cold Spring Presbyterian Church (founded in 1714, built in 1823, listed in the State and National Registers in 1991) and its adjoining cemetery. Neighboring buildings along that road include the 1850 George Hildreth House (listed in the State and National Registers in 1991) immediately adjacent the district to the north, the ca. 1830 E.B. Wales House and a late 20th-century house to the south, and several mid-20th century houses on the opposite side of Seashore Road. Located east of the historic district on US Route 9 is a seasonal trailer park on the opposite side of the road, with vacant land to the south and modern residences to the north of the district. Overall, the district has approximately 750’ frontage on Seashore Road, 764’ frontage on US Route 9 and is about 1,200’ deep between those two roads.
Surface parking lots of crushed clamshells, separated from the Village buildings by split rail fences, are located just off these two highways and serve the east and west entrances. [photo 1 and 2] Wood frame ticket booths (C, #30 and #35) with adjacent announcement board shelters (C, #31 and #38) mark each entrance. [photo 3 and 4]
The east parking lot abuts a bike path and train tracks located in the railroad right-of-way; these parallel-running features travel roughly north to south and separate lot 13.02 from US Route 9. Anchoring the district’s east boundary and located within the railroad right of way are (from north to south) the 1894 RioDRAFT Grande Train Station (C, #21), the ca. 1900 Rio Grande canopy (C, #22), the 1894 Woodbine Junction Tower (C, #23), a reproduction railroad guard house (C,#40), and a reproduction gazebo (C, #37) the latter enclosing the original “cold spring” on Bradner’s Run which gives the area its name. [photo 5 and 6] Located at the eastern edge of the east parking lot and adjacent to the bike path is a public restroom built in the late 1990s and designed to look like a railroad freight storage building (C, #36). [photo 1 and 3 ]
Two historic buildings are located immediately north of the west parking lot and are outside of the split rail fence that encloses most of the Village buildings: both are open to the public when the NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 3 Cape May County, NJ ______
Village is closed, hence the physical and visual separation. These buildings, which anchor the west boundary, are the Cold Spring Grange Hall (C, 1912, #20, photo 22) which stands at its original site and immediately to its north the ca. 1804 Corson Barn (NC, #26, photo 24) which was recently (2015-16) moved to the site and rehabilitated for use as a micro-brewery. [photo 2 and 24] A clam shell-paved nature trail paved follows Bradner’s Run on the south side of the district, connecting the east and west parking lots.
The historic district is sited on level land that, except for the parking lots, the vegetable garden, and the horse pasture, is heavily treed with white oaks (Quercus alba, hollies (Ilex), sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua), red cedars (Juniperus virginiana), and white pines (Pinus strobus). Foundation and landscape plantings include boxwood (Buxus), rhododendron (Rhododendron), yews (Taxus baccata), iris (Iris), honeysuckle (Lonicera), and raspberry bushes (Rubus). Most areas, particularly around the houses, are grassy while some feature seasonal flower beds, wooden planters, and herb gardens planted with species native to southern New Jersey.
An 800-foot diameter oval path of crushed clamshells is lined with deciduous and evergreen trees and runs in an east–west axis, creating the Village’s nucleus and main thoroughfare. [photo 7, 32] Four shorter north-south paths make an informal grid within the oval and further emphasize the village configuration. [photo 8, 20] One of the north-south paths leads to the ca. 1880 barn with outbuildings, farm fields, and horse pasture. [photo 8]
The contributing historic buildings are fairly evenly spaced within the Village nucleus, typically from 100’ to 200’ apart, with most facing onto one of the curvilinear paths. Some are painted historically appropriate colors of barn red, yellow ochre, and white, while others are unpainted, also appropriate since many of the county’s (and the country’s) domestic buildings remained unpainted until well into the 19th century.
The district contains 28 contributing historic, frame buildings that range in date from ca. 1691 (Coxe Hall Cottage, C, #25, photo 23) to ca. 1957 (Seaville Friends Meeting House Outhouse, C, #24, photo 14). Three buildings—Rio Grande Train Station (C, #21, photo 5), Taylor Octagon Poultry House (C, #16, photo 20), and Cold Spring Grange (C, #20, photo 22)—are listed individually in the State and National Registers of Historic Places. The Cape May Point Jail (C, #18, photo 7) is listed in the State Register of Historic Places, and two have been determined individually eligible for listing in the registers (Spicer Leaming House, C, #7, photo 13 and Woodbine Junction Tower, C, #23, photo 5).
Although historic, theDRAFT ca. 1804 Corson barn (#26, photo 24) is non-contributing because it was moved to the site in 2015, nine years after the 2006 end date of the period of significance. Of the 28, two stand at their original location (Cold Spring Grange, #20, photo 22 and the sheep barn, #47, photo 17), one (Heislerville Store, #14, photo 18) was moved from Cumberland County which adjoins Cape May County’s west boundary, and the remainder were moved from various places within Cape May County. Of the 28 contributing historic Village buildings and structures, three are at their fourth known location and two are at their third known location, as these wooden structures were moved and repurposed historically. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 4 Cape May County, NJ ______
These contributing historic buildings represent a variety of rural, vernacular architectural styles, having less refinement, less detail, and less sophistication than full-blown examples found in urban settings. The earliest is Coxe Hall Cottage (#25, photo 23), built about 1691 in the Post-Medieval English style. It features carved, shouldered cornerposts and exposed framing members that are typical of this colonial style brought to Cape May County by English-speaking settlers from New England and Long Island in the late 1600s. The Federal style is best represented by the 1836 Dennisville Inn (#8, photo 14) with its two-story massing, pedimented dormers, and transom over the main entrance. The diminutive Tuckahoe Shop, built about 1855, has the gable front, columned porch, and dentil detailing common to the Greek Revival style. (#15, photo 19) Both the ca. 1837 Corson-Hand House (#9, photo 8) and the ca. 1850 Ezra Norton House (#10, photo 15) exemplify the Folk/Pre-railroad style, particularly as it was expressed in Cape May County. The main block in each features a single common room on the first floor with two chambers above; a 1-story side lean- to provided additional space, sometimes used for commercial purposes. Built about 1850 in a vernacular interpretation of the Gothic Revival style, the Ewing Douglass House (#11, photo 8) is gable fronted, has wide overhanging eaves, and a point-arched window (flanked by point arched shutters) in the attic level of the gable end. The 1912 Cold Spring Grange embodies the Colonial Revival style with its multi-light windows, semi-lunette windows in the gable ends, and center entrance (#20, photo 22).
Construction methods range from heavy timber frame construction featuring exposed adzed or water mill sawn framing members (often decorated because they were exposed, see Coxe Hall Cottage, #25, photo 23) to the Grange’s balloon frame construction with dimensional lumber.
Also within the district are ten contributing historic objects: a ca. 1900 hand pump with trough (#43, photo 37), a ca. 1880-1900 pole-mounted bell (#44, photo 9), and eight millstones (#45, photos 17 and 22). All were purchased from New Jersey-based antiques dealers or collectors, but their provenance beyond that is unknown. All were brought to the site to enhance the museum village and their placement within the village occurred during the district’s period of significance.
Twenty-five (25) contributing support buildings, structures, and objects within the district were constructed or moved to the site during the 1973 to 2006 period of significance to enhance services for Village operations. Among the buildings and structures are ticket booths with adjacent announcement boards (#30, #31, #35 and #38, photos 4 and 26), two gazebos (# 37 and #32, photos 28 and 6), a sandwich stand (#27, photo 27), a sheep shelter (#54), a pottery building (#34, photo 29), a picnic benchDRAFT pavilion (#28, photo 27), and an out kitchen (#33, photo 13). Contributing support objects include a mile marker that replicates a historic one extant in front of Cold Spring Presbyterian Church on Seashore Road (#46, photo 14), a pillory (#51, photo 38), and two flagpoles [#52 and #53, photo 14 and 22].
Most support buildings are simple, designed to blend with rather than stand out from the contributing historic buildings they serve. These structures are made of standard-dimensional lumber, secured with machine-made nails and screws, and were created by local carpenter/builders to meet practical, current needs. They use traditional late 20th-century practices for building in wood NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 5 Cape May County, NJ ______to aid in shedding water, keeping the building sturdy with the minimal amount of material, and the structures avoid an excess of applied decorative details. Some, like the Cold Spring Gazebo (#37, photo 6) and the railroad guard house (#40, photo 1) are replicas of historic buildings because no historic example was available to place on the site. Others, like the pump houses (#55 and #56, photo 16) hide necessary support functions with simple, utilitarian wood frame enclosures.
In the summer, the Village buildings are used for demonstrations of various Early American trades and home arts (e.g. spinning, open hearth cooking, blacksmith, bookbinding, etc.). The buildings are also used to educate visitors about the county’s historic vernacular architecture and its colonial and Early American history. The Welcome Center and its local history exhibits located in Mechanics Hall are open year round, while the rest of the Village buildings are closed. The grounds are also open to walkers and tourists.
Physical development and integrity of the Village The Village was originally envisioned to occupy most of a 31-acre lot (then known as lot 13) purchased by the Village’s founders, Dr. Joseph and Patricia Anne Salvatore, as shown on a site plan filed at the township clerk’s office in 1973. [see fig. 1 in the Historic and Supplemental Images section] Already on the lot was the Salvatore’s residence, the ca. 1850 George Hildreth House (not within the district), the 1912 Cold Spring Grange (C, #20, photo 22), and several outbuildings. The site plan shows a village green located in the south half of the tract and a lake in the north half of the tract. The lake was determined to be a potential liability with small children on the premises, so it was never built.
Adjacent to the lot, along its east boundary, are the right-of-ways for two competing railroad lines— the Cape May & Millville Railroad Company, significant as the first to bring railroad travel to the county in 1863, and the Sea Coast Railroad established in 1894. Both offered train service from Philadelphia to Cape May City and at this location in the county, the two lines ran parallel to each other. The lines merged in 1933 and passenger and freight service continued into the 1980s.
Five contributing historic buildings (Heislerville Store #14, Ewing-Douglass House #11, Finley Blacksmith Shop #13, Rio Grande Station #21 and Woodbine Junction Tower #22) were moved to the Village in 1974. Buildings were then added, typically one or two a year, as they were procured with all but Coxe Hall Cottage (C, #25) and the Corson Barn (NC, #26) added before 2000. [see list on page 24 of section 7] Support buildings such as a picnic pavilion, a sandwich stand, and gazebos were added as the VillageDRAFT grew and demand for more varied food and entertainment venues increased.
The Village’s physical campus was reduced to a 20.19 acre tract (lot 13.02) through subdivision when operation and management of the Village was taken over by Cape May County in December 1984. In 1996, four years after the county relinquished its interest in the Village in December 1992 and operations were assumed by the Historic Cold Spring Village Foundation in January 1993, the campus expanded to the north (through a long-term lease) to include a roughly 100’ wide by 700’ long strip along the south edge of adjoining lot 13.01. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 6 Cape May County, NJ ______
Using ISTEA grant funds in l998, Rio Grande Train Station (#21, C) and Woodbine Junction Tower (#22, C) were moved to their present location overlooking the extant railroad tracks, and the public restroom (#36, photo 30) and railroad guard house (#40, photo 1) were built to complete an ensemble of railroad related buildings next to the tracks. That same year New Jersey Transit gave the Village a long term lease for the 537 square feet of land within the railroad right-of-way on which the Rio Grande Train Station and the Woodbine Junction tower stand. At this time, a private enterprise leased the railroad tracks from NJ Transit and offered seasonal train service between Cape May City and Cape May Court House, the county seat, with stops along the way, including one at the Village. The campus was then expanded to the north, again through a long term lease, with an eight-acre piece of adjoining lot 13.01. This 8-acre piece includes the 100’ x 700’ strip previously leased.
The ca. 1691 Coxe Hall Cottage (#25, photo 23), which best exemplifies both the county’s colonial history and colonial architecture, was moved to the Village in 2006. The Corson Barn was moved to the site in 2015.
Integrity of the contributing historic buildings within the Village is high and all have been restored to their original appearance as far as physical evidence allowed. Two are missing rear ells that could not be moved with the main structure (Spicer Leaming House #7 and Dennisville Inn #8). Woodbine Junction Tower (#23) needed the most restoration, including reconstruction, since only the top half was original. In general, most buildings have required new roofs (mostly wood shingle) and several have needed new wood siding since being moved to the Village. Some, like the David Taylor Shoe Shop, Coxe Hall Cottage, and the Blacksmith Shop, received a total exterior restoration at one time; for others, replacement campaigns have been staggered based on need. In most, the interiors have been restored to their original appearance. Restoration of all of the historic buildings has followed the Secretary of the Interior’s Guidelines for Rehabilitation and when needed, original materials were replaced in kind.
Contributing Historic Buildings and structures within the Historic District (a total of 28)
The contributing historic buildings and structures within the district are composed of the following, their numbers below corresponding with those on the attached site plans:
1. Mechanic’s Hall (C)DRAFT [photo 2] Built in 1894 in the vernacular Gothic Revival style, this two-story, clapboard covered gable-front building faces east. It has a modestly-pitched gable roof that is pierced by a small brick chimney in the northwest corner. The north and south side roof lines have a boxed cornice with generous returns and the gable ends have projecting eaves. The main block is three bays wide on the façade (east elevation) and five bays deep. The façade has a center door flanked by two windows on the first floor and three windows on the second floor. There is an original semi-lunette in the gable end peak that is infilled with a stained glass panel featuring two sailing vessels above which are two fish and a cross-topped anchor. The front door is a modern 6-panel wood door (2/2/2). The original NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 7 Cape May County, NJ ______
wood door surround consists of two reeded pilasters supporting a triangular pediment. The door is enframed by a multi-light transom and sidelights, also original. In front of the door is a modern wood porch with wood steps and a wood balustrade of turned wood balusters.
Windows throughout the building on the main block are tall, 4/4 double-hung wood sash, most of which appear to be original. Most are flanked by two pairs of wood shutters—one placed on top of the other—to accommodate the extra height of the sash; the original pintels for the shutters are extant, but are not currently used to hang the shutters. The westernmost window on the second floor of the north (side) elevation has been replaced with a door that is fronted by a flight of wood stairs with a wood baluster. The south (side) elevation has 5 windows on each floor. The main block has wood clapboard laid 4” to the weather that appears to be original, and the hall stands on a parged foundation.
There is a modern one-story shed-roofed addition to the rear, also sheathed in wood clapboard, that has reproduction 4/4 wood sash windows on the rear (west) wall and a recessed, handicapped accessible entrance, with a ramp, on the south elevation.
2. Marshallville School (C) [photo 9] Built about 1850, this gable-fronted one-story building faces south and is vernacular Gothic Revival in style. It is covered with wood clapboard and has a gable roof that runs perpendicular with the façade (south elevation). A modern exterior wall brick chimney is located against the rear (north) wall and the school stands on brick piers. There is a small boxed cornice on the side elevations. There is a single board and batten door on the façade and a semi-lunette window of 6-lights in the gable end. Each side elevation has three windows, all 6/6 double-hung wood sash. The rear (north) elevation has two windows, also 6/6 double-hung wood sash, and there is no window in the gable end on this elevation. The windows are not original to the building, but do appear to date to the 19th century. A semi-circular wood sign (not original) is located over the semi-lunette.
3. Mechanic’s Hall Outhouse (C) [photo 9] This small, one-story building, built about 1904, has separate entrances in the east and west gable ends. The roof ridge runs east to west and there is a boxed cornice with deep returns. The original clapboard appears to have been replaced on all but the north elevation: clapboard there is unbeaded, exposed 3.5” to 4” to the weather, and is held with machine-made cut nails with machine made heads. The north and south elevations have two windows that are 2-light, single sash wood windows; these appear to be original. The door on the west gable end is four raised panels (2/2) while that on the eastDRAFT gable end is five-panel (3 horizontal over 2 vertical); both appear to date to the 19th century, both have reproduction lift latches, and neither appears to be original to the building. The building stands on a concrete pad surrounded by a small brick apron.
4. Rev. David Gandy House (C) [photo10] This one-story house, built about 1830 in the vernacular Post-Medieval English style, faces south. It has a gable roof with a boxed cornice and no returns; the roof ridge runs parallel with the façade (south elevation). The exterior is sheathed in modern clapboards laid 4” to the weather, and the house stands on modern brick piers. It is three bays wide with a center door flanked by two NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 8 Cape May County, NJ ______
windows on the façade. There is one window on the west (side) elevation, a window and a door on the rear (north elevation, and no windows on the east (side) elevation. Windows on the first floor are 6/6 double-hung wood sash and each gable end has a 4-light single sash wood window; all appear to date to the first quarter of the 19th century. The front and rear doors (which appear to be original) are board and batten made of beaded edge boards and hung on strap hinges with pintels; the strap hinges are not original to the doors, but appear to date to the 1800s. Ghosts of the original strap hinges are visible on the rear (north) door and show they were almost identical to what is there today.
5. George Douglas Carriage House (C) [photo 11] This two-story building, erected between 1890 and 1909 in the vernacular Gothic Revival style, faces south. It stands on a modern brick foundation and has a gable roof that runs parallel with the façade (south elevation). The eaves at each gable end project slightly and there is a modest boxed cornice with no returns. The façade has a center opening composed of two board and batten doors held with Z-shaped battens; the doors are flanked by two, 4-light, single sash wood windows that are hung on hinges and appear to be original. The second floor of the façade has a board and batten door in the center that opens into the second floor loft. Each of the side elevations (east and west) has a door opening: that on the west side is a single, vertical board door with cross bucks, while that on east side is a vertical board, double door with cross bucks that slides open on an overhead track; both appear to be original. The east (side) elevation has a 4-light single sash window (also original) to the south. The rear (north) elevation has a single board and batten door (not original) in the center of the first floor flanked by two 4-light windows that appear to be original. The second floor has a single 6-light single sash window (original) placed in the center of the wall; the window is hinged on top. There are small louvered vents in each gable end and the entire building is sheathed in mostly-original vertical board and batten wood siding held with round head nails.
There is a one-story, shed-roofed, open storage shed addition to the west (side) elevation that is partially enclosed with a 4’ high board and batten wall; this addition is not original to the building.
6. Willis Barn (C) [photo 12] Covered in wood clapboard and built ca. 1860-70, the barn faces south. It has a gable roof that runs parallel with the façade (south elevation). The roof rafter ends extend beyond the walls and are exposed on the façade and rear elevation. The building stands on brick piers. The façade has a pair of barn doors that are made of vertical boards with X-shaped battens on the exterior face. The west (side) elevation has two board and batten doors on the first floor and a vertical board door in the gable end that opensDRAFT into the hay loft. The rear (north) elevation has a pair of wire screen window openings for ventilation and both are covered with vertical board shutters that swing open on side mounted hinges. The east (side) elevation has no openings on the first floor and a board and batten door in the gable end. Most board and batten doors are reproductions of the original doors.
7. Spicer Leaming House (C) [photo 13] Built about 1815 in the vernacular Federal style, this two-story wood frame house faces west. It is rectangular in plan and has two interior end wall chimneys in each gable end. It is covered with wood clapboard, some of which is original. Its gable roof has a ridge that runs parallel to the façade NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 9 Cape May County, NJ ______
(west elevation) and is covered with cedar shakes. The 4-bay wide façade features two doors in the center on the first floor, each flanked by a 9/6 double-hung wood sash window. The second floor of the façade is composed of four windows, all 6/6 double-hung wood sash. The only windows on the north and south (side) elevations are two each in the gable ends: they are original, 4-light, wood single sash. The rear (east) elevation is composed of two doors in the center, each flanked by a window. The southernmost window is a 9/6, double-hung, wood sash, while the northernmost window appears to have been originally a 9/6, later converted to a 6/6, double-hung, wood sash. The 9/6 windows and the façade doors appear to be original, while the two doors on the rear (east) elevation appear to date from ca. 1840 or later. The façade doors are referred to locally as “cross and Bible,” which consists of 6 panels (2/2/2) construed as a cross on top of an open Bible.
8. Dennisville Inn (C) [photo 14] This 2½-story building, built in the Federal style in 1836, has a rectangular footprint and faces north. It has a gable roof that runs parallel with the façade (north elevation) and is pierced at each end by an interior end wall brick chimney. The front slope of the roof is pierced by three equally-spaced pedimented dormers while the rear (south) slope is pierced by two pedimented dormers, one at each end. There is a boxed cornice with no returns on the front and rear elevations. Windows throughout are mostly 6/6 double-hung wood sash that appear to date to the 19th century. The exterior is sheathed in replacement beaded-edge wood clapboard and windows on the first and second floors of the façade and east elevations are flanked by louvered shutters that appear to date to the 19th century.
The façade has a center door of five raised panels (1/1/1/2) that appears to be original and is topped with a 10-light transom. To the east of the center door are two windows, while to the west of the door is another door (identical to the center door) that is flanked by a window on each side. The second floor of the façade has five windows: the three easternmost windows are placed directly over the windows and center door below, while the two westernmost windows are placed over the off-center door and the westernmost first floor window.
The east (side) elevation has two windows on each floor and two, 4-light, single wood sash windows in the gable end. The rear (south) elevation has two doors (identical to those on the façade) placed approximately in the middle of the building on the first floor, with two windows to the west. The second floor has three windows, irregularly spaced, in the western half of the building. The west (side) elevation has no windows on the first floor, two windows on the second floor, and a 6/6 double-hung wood sash window in the gable end. The building stands on a parged cinder block foundation. DRAFT
9. Corson-Hand House (C) [seen to the left in photo 8] Built about 1837 in the vernacular Folk/pre-railroad style, this 2-story house faces east. It has a nearly square main block (16’ wide by 15’ deep) with a 1-story lean-to attached to the south (side) elevation. Both are covered with mostly original wood clapboard. The main block has a gable roof that runs parallel with the façade (east elevation) and is pierced at the south end by a large, brick interior end wall chimney that is modestly corbelled at the top. The main block has a boxed cornice with no returns. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 10 Cape May County, NJ ______
The façade has a center door flanked by a window on each side on the first floor and two windows on the second floor. The only window on the north (side) elevation is a single, 4-light, single hung, wood sash window in the attic level of the gable end; there are two similar windows in the attic level gable end of the south (side) elevation. The rear (west) elevation of the main block has two windows on the second story, and a center door with a window to the north on the first story. Except for the 4-light windows in the gable ends, all windows are 6/6, double-hung, wood sash. All windows appear to be original, and most are flanked by wood shutters that, while not original to the house, are historically appropriate. The lean-to, probably added shortly after the main block was built, has a centrally-located 4-light, single-hung, wood sash window on the south elevation, a door on the west elevation, and a 6/6, double-hung, wood sash window on the façade (east elevation).
Doors on the front and back of the main block and on the back of the lean-to are board and batten that appear to be original; all have later Victorian-era rim locks with porcelain knobs that date to ca. 1850 or later. The house stands on a parged cement block foundation.
10. Ezra Norton House (C) [photo 15] Built about 1850 in a vernacular Folk /pre-railroad style, this house is covered with wood clapboard and has a wood shingle roof. The main block is 2-stories tall and has a gable roof that runs parallel to the façade (north elevation); the roof is pierced at the east end by a small brick chimney that is modestly corbelled. A one-story, shed-roofed, lean-to is attached to the east side of the main block. Except where noted, windows are 4/4, double-hung ,wood sash that appear to be original; they are flanked by louvered shutters that are appropriate for the time period but are not original to the building. The façade of the main block has a center door flanked by a window on each side on the first floor, with two windows on the second floor. The west (side) elevation has a single window on each floor and the rear (south) elevation has a door to the east flanked by a window to the west on the first floor, and a single window on the second floor. The east gable end has two 4-light single sash wood windows (one on each side of the chimney stack) while the west gable end has a single 4/4 double-hung wood sash window. Eaves on the gable ends do not project, and there is a boxed cornice with modest returns.
The one-story lean-to has no windows or doors on the rear (south) elevation, one window on the east (side) elevation, and a door to the east with a window to the west on the façade. There is a small half-story shed-roofed wood storage shed attached to the east end of the lean-to which is not original to the building. The house stands on a modern foundation. DRAFT 11. Ewing Douglass House (C) [seen in the center of photo 8] Built about 1850 in a vernacular interpretation of the Gothic Revival style, the Douglass House has a rectangular footprint and faces south. Gable fronted, it is covered with wood clapboard and has a roof covered with wood shingles. The gable ends have deep eaves and there is a boxed cornice with generous returns. The house is three bays wide on the first floor with a door to east flanked by two windows to the west. The second floor of the façade has two windows and the gable end at the attic level has a point arched window. The west (side) elevation has two windows and a door to the north on the first floor and two windows on the second floor, while the east (side) elevation has NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 11 Cape May County, NJ ______
three windows on the first floor and two on the second. The rear (north) elevation has one window on the second floor to the west and a window (6/6, double-hung, wood sash) in the gable end at the attic level. Except as noted, all windows on the first and second floors are 2/2, double-hung, wood sash that appear to be original, and all are flanked by louvered shutters that appear to date to the mid- to late 19th century. The point arch window is a 2/2, double-hung, wood sash that also appears to be original and is also flanked by a pair of wood shutters. To the rear is a one-story addition with a shed roof covered with standing seam metal. It has no openings on the west and east (side) elevations and two modern metal doors on the north (rear) elevation. These doors provide access to modern public bathrooms in the lean-to. The metal roof suggests that the addition was probably added ca. 1880 to ca. 1920.
The building stands on a parged concrete block foundation. The front and west side entrances are fronted by a flight of wood stairs with a wood handrail and wood balusters. A wood handicapped access ramp, also with a wood baluster and wood handrail, wraps around the east (side) and rear (north) elevations. The stairs and ramp date to the late 20th century.
12. Lewis Corson Gandy Barn (C) [photo 16] This 2-story barn was built about 1880 and faces south. It is covered with wood clapboard and has a gable roof that runs parallel with the façade (south elevation). The cedar shake- covered roof is topped with a weathervane of unknown age. The first floor of the façade has a set of arched double barn doors to the east, a man door in the center, and a man door to the west. The man doors are vertical board and batten, while the double barn doors are composed of narrow vertical boards held with cross-buck style battens on the exterior face. The second floor of the façade has two, original,4-light, single sash wood windows. The west (side) elevation has a board and batten man door on the first floor, a larger board and batten door (for the loading of hay) on the second floor, and an original 6/6, double-hung, wood sash window in the gable end; all are located in the center of the building. A pulley, which appears to be original, is mounted over the window in the west gable end peak. The rear (north) elevation has a man door on the first and second floors; that on the second floor is accessed by a flight of modern wood steps with wood balusters. The east (side) elevation has a 6/6, double-hung, wood window on the first floor and a 6/6, double-hung, wood window in the attic level of the gable end, both original; there are no windows on the second floor of this elevation. This elevation also has a modern, one-story, shed-roofed livestock pen with a railing of wood slats on the east and north elevations. Wooden slat fences to enclose farm animals are located on the east and west side elevations. The building stands on a foundation of brick piers.
13. Finley BlacksmithDRAFT Shop (C) [photo 17] This one-story frame building, erected about 1886, has a rectangular footprint and faces south. Its gable roof runs parallel with the façade (south elevation) and is covered with cedar shingles; rafter ends are exposed on the façade and rear (north) elevations. The exterior is clad in replacement vertical board siding. A small brick chimney pierces the rear (north) slope of the gable roof. The façade has a center doorway composed of a double board and batten door flanked by 6-light, single sash, wood windows on each side. The windows appear to date to the 19th century. The west (side) elevation has a double board and batten door on the first floor and a large louvered opening (for an exhaust fan) in the gable end. The rear elevation has two original, 12-light, single sash, wood NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 12 Cape May County, NJ ______
windows on the first floor. The east (side) elevation has a 12-light, single, wood sash window to the north and a board and batten door to the south. All doors have been replicated. The building stands on a concrete pad and is fronted by a large brick apron.
14. Heislerville Store/Errickson’s Store (C) [photo 18] Built in 1876 in a vernacular interpretation of the Gothic Revival style, this one-story, gable front building has a nearly square footprint and faces west. It is sheathed with wood clapboard and has a wood shingle roof. Infilled clapboards on the rear (east) elevation show evidence of a rear addition no longer extant. There is a boxed cornice with generous returns, corner boards, and a plain frieze. The store has a center door flanked by two windows on the façade (west elevation), one window on each of the side elevations, no windows on the rear (east) elevation, and a window in the gable end, attic level, on the façade. All windows are 2/2, double-hung, wood sash except for the window in the gable end which is a 2/2, single hung, wood sash; all appear to be original and all are flanked by shutters that also appear to be original. The store stands on a foundation of concrete piers and is fronted by a small wood stoop, added after the building was moved to the Village, with wood handrails. The 4-panel (2/2) front door appears to be original.
15. Tuckahoe Shop (C) [photo 19] Built in the mid-1850s in the Greek Revival style, this diminutive 1½-story building has a nearly square footprint and faces north. It is sheathed in original wood clapboard and is gable fronted. The roof is covered with cedar shingles. The roof line features a built-in wood gutter and has a bracketed cornice (original) with dentilled molding (also original) along the soffit. The first floor of the façade has an original double door in the center that is flanked by a multi-light bay window on each side. The uppermost part of the facade gable end has a 4-light, semi-circular, wood window that appears to be original. The side (east and west) elevations each have a single, 6/6, double-hung window on the first floor and two 6-light, single sash windows on the half-story above. The rear (south) elevation has a 6/6, double-hung, wood window on the first floor and a 6-light, single sash wood window in the half story above. The façade is fronted by a one-story, full-width shed-roofed porch that appears to be original. It has square, paneled wood columns rising from square wood bases and its eaves are trimmed with flat, decoratively cut out trim in a modified teardrop style. Windows appear to date to the mid-1800s and are flanked by shutters of a similar age. Extant pintels in the door frame and ghosts of former hinges in the bay window frames suggest both the front doors and the bay windows were also shuttered. The building stands on piers infilled with lattice.
16. Taylor OctagonDRAFT Poultry House (C) [seen to the right in photo 20] This one-story building, built ca. 1890-1910, faces east and has an octagonal-shaped footprint with a 20’ diameter. It is sheathed with wood clapboard and has an octagonal roof covered with standing seam metal. The entrance is marked by a segment enlarged with a gable roof and given a board and batten door (replication). Four of the eight sides have double windows of 6/6, double-hung, wood sash that appear to be original. The windows have bracketed shelves for flower pots and are flanked by wood shutters that do not appear to be original. The rafter ends are exposed and the corners are marked with corner boards. The building stands on a modern parged concrete block foundation. A small wood stoop with a simple wood balustrade projects from the front wall. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 13 Cape May County, NJ ______
17. David Taylor Shoe Shop (C) [seen to the left in photo 20] This one-story, gable front building was built about 1830, has a nearly square footprint, and faces north. It is covered with replacement wood clapboard and the roof is covered with cedar shingles. The store has a modest rake board in the gable ends and a boxed cornice with no returns. The façade has an off-center (to the west) door flanked by a 6/6, double-hung, wood window to the east. The window appears to date to ca. 1830 and may be original. The east and west side elevations each have a 6-light, single, wood sash, both of which appear to date to the 19th century. The rear (south) elevation has a single door in the center. The front and back doors are of board and batten, and appear also to date to the 19th century. To the west (side) is a one-story, shed-roofed, open air porch (not original) with a brick floor.
18. Cape May Point Jail (C) [seen in the center of photo 7] This small building, erected ca. 1900-1910, faces south. It has a modestly-pitched, hip roof with projecting eaves and a boxed cornice on all elevations. The roof is covered with wood shingles. The building is sheathed in wood clapboard that appears to be original, and it stands on a poured concrete foundation. The façade (south elevation) has a center door flanked by a window on each side. These windows are 2/2, double-hung, wood sash and the center door has vertical boards on the interior face with two sets of cross buck battens (one on top, the other on the bottom) on the exterior face. The windows and door appear to be original. There are no windows on the side (east and west) elevations. The rear (north) elevation has three, narrow, single sash windows that have vertical bars between the exterior wood screen and the interior single hung, hinged wood sash of three lights. These also appear to be original.
19. Hathorn House (C) [photo 21] The earliest part of this two-story house (roughly the southernmost two-thirds), was built about 1722 in the Post-Medieval English style; around 1780-90, a 1.5-story, lean-to addition was built against the north end of the original section. The lean-to was later raised to its present, 2-story height. The side-gable house, which faces west, has a rectangular footprint. The roof is covered with wood shingles and the exterior is sheathed in modern wood clapboard. The roof is pierced by a large brick chimney (original) at the north end; it has a boxed cornice with modest returns in the east and west elevations. A double,Victorian-era-style door is placed in the south gable end, and there is a wood door on the façade (west) elevation at the north end. A one-story porch (not original), supported by turned columns, fronts the south and west elevations and there are no windows on the first floor. On the second floor, there are four windows on the west elevation, two on the south, four onDRAFT the east, and two on the north. All windows are 6/6, double-hung, wood sash, but they could not be closely examined to determine if they are modern replacements or original.
20. Cold Spring Grange (C) [photo 22] Built in 1912, the Cold Spring Grange is a frame structure with early twentieth-century Colonial Revival detailing. It faces south, is rectangular in plan with three bays on the front (south) and rear (north) elevations, and has five bays on the east and west side elevations. The structure rests on a 21" stuccoed concrete base capped by a 9" fascia board with 5" clapboards above. Windows are NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 14 Cape May County, NJ ______
original 9/1, double-hung, wood sash with black louvered shutters. The asbestos shingle-covered, gable roof has a center cross-gable on the west side. There are two brick interior end chimneys with copper flashing: one to the south of the cross-gable on the west side, and one near the northeast corner of the building.
On the façade (south elevation), a center. six-tread, wood stairway leads from the ground level to the first story porch. The porch wraps around to the beginning of each side elevation, with a handicapped ramp on the east side elevation. The front stairway, porch, and handicapped ramp are adorned with a white wood railing with square posts, and a white latticework skirt. The facade has a modern, wood, eight-paneled, center double door flanked on each side by a wide window. The second floor consists of three evenly spaced windows. The top of the facade consists of a large, gable-end, pediment with a four-light, semi-circular fan light in the center gable end. Above the fan light is a small, rectangular, louvered vent.
The west side elevation is five bays wide and has a single five-panel wood door located between the first and second bays near the front on the first story. The pedimented cross-gable on this elevation has an original four-light semi-circular fan light. The rear (north) elevation is three bays wide. The first floor has a door into the kitchen in the western bay and two windows in the center and east bays. A small, one-story, lean-to shed addition with vertical board siding and asphalt shingle roofing has been added at the extreme western end of the elevation, and is accessed via a three-tread stairway. The top of the rear elevation consists of a large gable-end pediment with three square windows within it. The upper-most window has metal louvers; the lower two have 12-light windows. The east side elevation has five bays of windows and two doors: one located between the first and second southern bays (near the facade), and one located between the first and second southern bays (near the rear elevation). The door near the facade is accessed from a handicapped ramp; the door near the rear elevation is accessed via a small porch with four steps and white wood railings with square posts; there is a white latticework skirt..
21. Rio Grande Train Station (C) [photo 5] Built in 1894, the wood frame station has an L-shaped footprint and faces east. It has a hipped roof covered with standing seam metal; the roof runs parallel with the façade (east elevation). The eaves are wide and are supported by modestly-curved, wood brackets that appear to be original. The soffit is faced with beaded edge boards under the eaves. The station is covered with wood clapboard exposed 4.5” to the weather; most of the clapboard appears to be original. The window on the north (side) elevation of the ticket office ell is a 1/1, double-hung, wood sash, while that on the south (side) elevationDRAFT is a 4/4, double-hung, wood sash; the remaining windows are 2/2, double- hung, wood sash (original) on all elevations. The façade has a pair of windows to the south, a center door composed of 5 panels (1/1/1/1/1) that appears to be original, and a window to the north. The north and south (side) elevations have one window each. The rear (west) elevation has a door (also original) that is identical to that on the façade and no windows. The building stands on a parged cinder block foundation.
22. Rio Grande Train Station Canopy (C) [photo 5] NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 15 Cape May County, NJ ______
Built ca. 1900, this one-story canopy has a standing seam metal roof supported by three arched- metal support posts with metal joists. It has a rectangular footprint.
23. Woodbine Junction Tower (C) [photo 5] Although this wood frame building, erected in 1894, gives the appearance of being three stories tall, it is actually two stories tall. Its exterior is visually divided into three horizontal sections, with wood clapboard on the lower and upper sections, and decorative wood fish scale shingles on the middle section. The building has a hipped roof covered with standing seam metal; wide, overhanging eaves have exposed rafter ends that are decoratively carved. The first floor has two, 1/1,double-hung, wood windows on the façade (east elevation), no openings on the west (rear) or south (side) elevations, and a modern door of four lights/two panels on the north (side) elevation. A flight of wood stairs, which replicates the original, is located along the south (side) elevation. The second floor has three 1/1, double-hung, wood sash windows on the north and south (side) elevations, six 1/1 double-hung wood windows on the façade (east elevation), a 2/2, double-hung window (to the north) and a modern, multi-light, wood door (to the south) on the rear (west) elevation. All windows appear to be original.
24. Seaville Friends Meeting Outhouse (C) [seen to the right in photo 14] Built ca. 1957, this building is sheathed in wood shiplap siding that appears to date to the mid-20th century, although it uses a traditional design. It houses two private “necessaries”.. The façade (north elevation) has two board and batten doors composed of narrow boards on the exterior face; both doors have lift latches and Z-shaped battens. There is a small boxed cornice with no returns on the front and rear elevations, and all four corners have wood corner boards. The rear (south) elevation has two narrow, rectangular window/ventilation openings, one for each section.
25. Coxe Hall Cottage (C) [photo 23] Built about 1691 in the Post-Medieval English style, this 1.5-story plank-frame house faces west. It is sheathed with replacement vertical wood boards. It has a cedar shingle roof with a ridge that runs parallel with the façade (west elevation). A reconstructed, brick, interior end wall chimney emerges at the south end of the gable ridge. The façade has a center door flanked by two nine-light, reproduction, wood casement windows. The door, also a reproduction, is double-thick and features vertical boards on the exterior face with horizontal boards on the interior face. The upper half-story of the facade has a centered, 6-light reproduction, wood casement window. Fenestration on the rear elevation consists of a center door (identical to the front door) with a nine-light, reproduction, wood casement window to the south and a single, 6-light, wood reproduction casement window above the door. The only windowsDRAFT on the side elevations are in the north and south gable ends at the attic level and they are single, four-light, wood replacement casements. All windows are mounted with reproduction wrought iron hinges hung on pintels. The building stands on foundation stones placed in the four corners and under the front and back doors.
41. Gable-front Corn Crib (C) [photo 16, seen to the left of the barn] This ca. 1900 slant-sided, gable-front, frame, corn crib is one-story tall and faces south. The roof is covered with wood shingles. The side (east and west) walls are made of six,evenly-spaced, unpainted NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 16 Cape May County, NJ ______
studs while the front and rear walls are supported by wood corner braces. The interior is lined with chicken wire. A wooden ladder is placed against the façade.
42. Ca. 1940 Outhouse (C) [seen to the far left in photo 34] Used for storage, this small building has a square footprint and a side gable roof; it faces south. The roof has exposed rafter ends and is covered with cedar shingles; the exterior is covered with shiplap siding. There is a 6-light, single, wood sash window on the west side elevation. The front (south elevation) door is Dutch style and made of vertical boards mounted with small strap hinges.
47. Ca. 1900 three-bay sheep barn [seen to the left in photo 17] Built in the early 1900s, this one-story, frame building has a rectangular footprint and is covered with vertical boards. Three bays wide, it has a shed roof covered with corrugated metal. Two of the bays are covered with “doors” of wood stockade fence, while the easternmost bay is open. It is now used for storage.
Contributing Historic Objects within the Historic District (a total of 10)
43. Ca. 1900 Hand pump with trough (C) [photo 37] Placed on a wooden platform lined with a simple wood balustrade of square balusters placed between large, square posts, the metal hand pump was made by Baker Manufacturing Company of Evansville, Wisconsin. Operational, it pumps water into a metal lined wood trough.
44. Ca. 1880-1900 bell (C) [photo 9] This bell, bought in New Jersey, is made of cast iron and measures approximately 15” x 15”. It is mounted on a wood post next to the school house (C, #2).
60 through 66. Millstones (8 in number) (C) [photo 17 and 22] Purchased from a North Jersey collector in the 1980s, seven 19th-century millstones are found in front of the blacksmith shop (#13) and one in front of the Grange (#20). They are approximately four to five feet in diameter. The founders had planned to erect a grist mill on Bradner’s Run, but decided the permits needed to build on its wetlands would be too onerous.
Non-contributing Historic Building within the Historic District (a total of one) DRAFT 26. Corson Barn (NC) [photo 24] Built in the early 1800s, this three-bay, English barn was recently (spring-summer of 2016) moved to Historic Cold Spring Village and rehabilitated for use as a brewery. It stands on a poured concrete foundation. The barn has a gable roof that runs parallel with the façade (south elevation). It has a new cedar shake roof and new exterior vertical board siding. The new, double, front barn doors feature vertical wood boards with wood cross bucks; these are placed on sliders so they part in the center and slide to the side. Above the double door is a ca. 1950, 8-light, wood transom. There is a one-bay wide lean-to addition placed against the barn’s west side elevation; it has a vertical board NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 17 Cape May County, NJ ______
door with cross bucks on the south (front) elevation and another on the west side elevation. A smaller lean-to entrance addition on the east side elevation contains a multi-light wood door on the east wall. There is a large hipped roof addition placed against the barn’s rear wall. It has double wood doors (two lights over vertical boards) near the east end of the rear (north) elevation
Contributing Support Buildings (11), Structures (10), and Objects (3) within the Historic District
The following buildings, structures, and objects, most of wood frame construction, were erected or moved to the historic district during the period of significance to support the functions of the museum village:
27. Sandwich Stand (C/building) [seen to the left in photo 27] The wood frame sandwich stand has a gable roof covered with wood shingles. The rear (west) elevation of the roof has a cat slide slope. The front (east) elevation has a full-width opening with a solid wood clapboard balustrade under it. There is a door opening in the south side elevation. Placed against the rear (west) elevation is a lean-to addition built in 2016.
28. Picnic pavilion (C/structure) [seen to the right in photo 27] The open-air pavilion is four bays wide and two bays deep; it has a side gable roof covered with wood shingles. The roof is supported by square wood posts resting on a concrete floor. Rolled-up canvas flaps in each bay near the plain cornice are lowered to provide shelter in inclement weather.
29. Pole-mounted Display Case (C/structure) [seen in the center of photo 20] This small case has three glass sides (east, north, and south) set in wood frames with narrow transoms above them while the rear (west) wall is of wood. The case is topped with a standing seam metal hipped roof. The case is mounted on a plank and placed on top of a square wood post with metal brackets supporting the plank.
30. West gate ticket booth (C/building) [photo 4, left] This one story building, erected ca. 1995, has a gable roof covered with wood shingles; the roof has exposed rafter ends on the east and west elevations. The exterior is covered with vertical and horizontal beaded board sheathing topped with wood battens. The south elevation has a center bay filled with two, solid, wood-paneled shutters mounted on modern strap hinges. The east and west elevations each have two sets of paneled shutters. The building stands on wooden skids and was designed after a similarDRAFT structure used in the Centennial Exposition.
31. West gate announcement board shelter (C/structure) [photo 4, right] This one-story structure has a hipped roof covered with wood shingles. The roof is supported by square cedar posts and has a scalloped wood frieze. The shelter is open on three sides; the rear (north) elevation is covered with vertical cedar boards.
32. Band/ceremony gazebo (C/structure) [photo 28] NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 18 Cape May County, NJ ______
Built in 1983, this one-story structure has an 8-sided, flared roof covered in wood shingles. The roof is supported by square posts with decorative wood brackets. The roof framing is exposed on the interior. Seven of the eight sides have a wooden lattice balustrade.
33. Out Kitchen/Beehive Oven (C/structure) [seen to the left in photo 13] This one-story frame building has a nearly square footprint and faces east. It stands behind the Spicer Leaming House (C, #7). It has a side gable roof covered with wood shingles. The center of the roof ridge is pierced by the red brick chimney that serves the bake oven contained within the building. The roof has a boxed cornice on the front and rear elevations and the eaves extend modestly on the north and south side elevations. The roof is supported by square, wood, corner posts. Three elevations—north, south, and east—are partially enclosed with a clapboard-covered solid balustrade. The gable ends at the attic level are also covered with wood clapboard. The brick beehive oven sheltered by the building is made of red brick and stands on a base of red brick that is approximately 3.5’ high.
34. Pottery building (C/building) [photo 29] Built ca. 1990 for pottery making demonstrations, this one-story frame building has a rectangular footprint and a gable roof with a cat slide profile on the rear (south) elevation. The roof is covered with wood shingles, and the building is sheathed in wood clapboard. The façade (north elevation) has a center, double door of vertical boards with battens on the interior face. The east and west side elevations have a wood, single sash window with 16 lights. There is a single door on the rear elevation. The east side elevation has a sliding, wood, board and batten door that provides access to a brick kiln enclosed with a solid wood clapboard balustrade. The kiln was originally covered with a gable roof that was removed in 2015.
35. East gate ticket booth (C/building) [photo 26, right] This one-story building, built about 1980, consists of two ticket booths, rectangular in plan, joined by a gable roof covered with standing seam metal. The roof extends several feet to the east to create a porch that is supported by four square wood posts. Both booths are covered with wood clapboard and both have two window openings on the east elevation that are covered with a pair of vertical board, solid wood shutters hung on modern strap hinges. Elevations that face the walkway between the two booths have a two-light wood sash casement window. The rear elevation of each booth has a vertical board door; that on the south booth is a Dutch door.
36. Restrooms (C/building) [photo 30] Built ca. 1998, this one-DRAFTstory, wood frame building has a rectangular footprint and was designed to resemble a railroad storage building. Its hipped roof is covered with standing seam metal. The eaves are generously wide and are supported with modestly-curved wooden brackets. The exterior is covered with wood board and battens divided nearly in half horizontally by a band of wood molding. The north and south elevations have a wide, sliding, vertical board door with cross buck battens on the upper half. Each is flanked by a window opening infilled with horizontal wood louvers. There is a similar, but smaller door on the east elevation. The west elevation has four window openings, also with louvers. The building stands on a concrete pad.
NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 19 Cape May County, NJ ______
37. Cold Spring Gazebo (C/structure) [photo 6] This one-story structure has an eight-sided roof topped with an eight-sided copper dome surmounted a tall copper ornament. The roof is covered with wood shingles and is supported by a eight wooden posts with square wood braces. This gazebo is similar to one that stood over the spring from 1878 until the 1920s.
38. East gate bicycle rack/announcement board shelter (C/structure) [seen left in photo 26] This one-story building has a side gable roof with a cat slide slope on the rear (west) elevation. The roof is covered with wood shingles, is supported by wood posts, and the gable ends are infilled with wood clapboard. The shelter is open on three sides; the rear (west) wall is covered with wood clapboard.
39. Chicken coop (C/building) [seen to the left in photo 12] The wood frame, one-story coop has a slanted, lean-to roof covered with wood shingles. The building is covered with wood clapboard and has a wood, man-sized, Dutch door on the west elevation; each half of the door has X-shaped cross bucks. A similar door is on the north elevation.
40. Railroad Guard House (C/building) [seen in photo 1, center left] The gable-front, one-story guard house, built to replicate a ca. 1900 railroad guard house, has a modest rectangular footprint. The roof is covered with standing seam metal and the exterior is covered with narrow board sheathing. A metal chimney pipe rises from the rear of the east roof slope. Rafter ends are exposed and the front (north) and rear (south) elevations have two wood brackets, one on each corner post, supporting the roof. The façade (north elevation) has a wood door with four lights over two panels. The east, west, and south elevations each have a single, 1/1, double-hung, wood sash window.
45. Carpenter/Maintenance Shop (C/building) [photo 33] Built in the 1980s, this three-bay-wide, one-story building faces north. It has a side gable roof covered with wood shingles. The exterior is covered with T-111 siding. Each gable end has a 6/6, double-hung,wood sash window. The façade (north elevation) has a man door to the east and two garage doors to the west. The east and west side elevations have one-story, shed roofed, wood frame lean-tos.
46. Mile Marker (C/object) [photo 14, seen propped in front of the flag pole] Made of granite and measuring about 6” wide by 4” deep by 18” tall, the marker is inscribed “3 MI to C.I” signifying “threeDRAFT miles to Cape Island,” as Cape May City was originally called. The marker replicates the original which stands in front of Cold Spring Presbyterian Church located just southwest of the historic district.
48. Large Storage Building (C/building) [photo 35] This large building has a rectangular footprint and a very modestly-sloped gable roof; it is covered with rolled asphalt. The exterior is covered with T-111 wood siding. The façade (north elevation) is six bays wide and has a wood door in the second bay from the west. The remaining bays are infilled NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 20 Cape May County, NJ ______
with windows; four of them are two-light, sliding sash, vinyl windows and one is a vinyl, double- hung, 1/1 window.
49. Small Storage Building (C/building) [seen to the right in photo 34] This gable-fronted frame building has a rectangular footprint. The roof is covered with asphalt shingles and the exterior is covered with T-111 wood siding. There is a wood double door in the south elevation.
50. Four-Bay Storage Building (C/building) [center, photo 34] This large frame storage building has a rectangular footprint and a side gable roof covered with asphalt shingles. The exterior is covered with T-111 wood siding. The façade (south elevation) has four, evenly-spaced, double doors; each door is made of vertical boards and has cross bucks on its bottom half.
51. Pillory (C/structure) [photo 38] Built in the 1990s, the pillory faces south, overlooking the Dennisville Inn. It is made of two horizontal wood boards placed in an open wood frame. The top board slides up and down within the frame while the bottom board is stationary. Holes for both arms and the head/neck are cut into the boards and the top board lifts so the head and arms can be placed inside. The wood frames are mounted to a single wood post placed between them. The pillory stands on a wood platform which has a small wood railing across the rear elevation and part of the east and west side elevations.
52. Flagpole/Dennisville Inn (C/object) [photo 14] Standing about 2-stories tall and made of wood, the flagpole is placed in front of the Dennisville Inn. It was made in the late 1980s.
53. Flagpole/Grange (C/object) [photo 22] Standing almost three stories tall, the flagpole is made of metal pipe sections that are graduated in size. It stands near the southwest corner of the Grange (#20) and originally stood at Monmouth (New Jersey) race track.
54. Sheep shelter (C/building) This wood frame building has a rectangular footprint and is almost identical to the pig shelter described in #56 [photo 16]. Covered with wood vertical boards on the east, north and south elevations, it has a gable roof covered with wood shingles and featuring exposed rafter ends on the east elevation. The roofDRAFT has a cat slide slope on the rear elevation.
55. Pump House near Gandy Barn (C/structure) [seen to the extreme left in photo 16] This small, one-story building has a rectangular footprint and faces east. It has a side gable roof covered with wood shingles and the exterior is covered with wood clapboard. A pair of wood doors with raised battens pierce the east elevation.
56. Pump House/East Parking Lot (C/structure) NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 21 Cape May County, NJ ______
This small, one-story building has a rectangular footprint. It is almost identical to the pump house shed near the Gandy Barn (see #55, above). The shed is covered with wood clapboard, and has a side gable roof covered with wood clapboard. There is a louvered vent opening on the north elevation.
Non-contributing Support Buildings within the Historic District (total of 3)
57. Horse shelter (NC/building) [photo 36] This one-story building, erected ca. 2012, has a side gable roof covered with wood shingles. Rectangular in plan, it is covered with vertical board and batten sheathing. The south elevation has two large, garage-door-sized, openings.
58. Pig Shelter (NC/building) [photo 16, seen to the left of the wagon] Erected around 2012, this one-story, wood-frame building has a side gable roof covered with wood shingles. The north, east, and west side elevations are covered with vertical board siding, while the south elevation is open to the weather.
59. Brewery Storage Building (NC/building) [photo 24] This one-story building provides storage for the ca. 1804 barn recently converted for use as a brewery. It is of wood frame, has a gable front roof covered with wood shingles, and its exterior is covered with vertical wood paneling.
DRAFT NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 22 Cape May County, NJ ______
Summary List of Buildings, Structures, and Objects [identified by number used in narrative]
Contributing Historic Buildings (26) and Structures (2) within the District (total of 28) 1. Mechanic’s Hall (C/building) [photo 2] 2. Marshallville School (C/building) [photo 9] 3. Mechanic’s Hall Outhouse (C/building) [photo 9] 4. Rev. David Gandy House (C/building) [photo10] 5. George Douglass Carriage House (C/building) [photo 11] 6. Willis Barn (C/building) [photo 12] 7. Spicer Leaming House (C/building) [photo 13] 8. Dennisville Inn (C/building) [photo 14] 9. Corson-Hand House (C/building) [seen to the left in photo 8] 10. Ezra Norton House (C/building) [photo 15] 11. Ewing-Douglass House (C/building) [seen in the center of photo 8] 12. Lewis Corson Gandy Barn (C/building) [photo 16] 13. Finley Blacksmith Shop (C/building) [photo 17] 14. Heislerville/Errickson’s Store (C/building) [photo 18] 15. Tuckahoe Shop (C/building) [photo 19] 16. Taylor Octagon Poultry House (C/building) [seen to the right in photo 20] 17. David Taylor Shoe Shop (C/building) [seen to the left in photo 20] 18. Cape May Point Jail (C/building) [seen in the center of photo 7] 19. Hathorn House (C/building) [photo 21] 20. Cold Spring Grange (C/building) [photo 22] 21. Rio Grande Train Station (C/building) [photo 5] 22. Rio Grande Train Station Canopy (C/structure) [photo 5] 23. Woodbine Junction Tower (C/building) [photo 5] 24. Seaville Friends Meeting Outhouse (C/building) [seen to the right in photo 14] 25. Coxe Hall Cottage (C/building) [photo 23] 41. Gable-front Corn Crib (C/structure) [photo 16, seen to the left of the barn] 42. Ca. 1940 Outhouse (C/building) [seen to the far left in photo 34] 47. Ca. 1900 three-bay sheep barn (C/building) [seen to the left in photo 17]
Historic Contributing Objects within the Historic District (a total of 10) 43. Ca. 1900 Hand pumpDRAFT with Trough (C) [photo 37] 44. Ca. 1880-1900 Bell (C) [photo 9] 60 through 66. Millstones (8 in number) (C) [photo 17 and 22]
Non-contributing Historic Building within the Historic District (total of 1) 26. Corson Barn (NC) [photo 24]
Contributing Support Buildings (12), Structures (10), and Objects (3) within the Historic District 27. Sandwich Stand (C/structure) [seen to the left in photo 27] NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 23 Cape May County, NJ ______
28. Picnic pavilion (C/structure) [seen to the right in photo 27] 29. Pole-mounted display case (C/structure) to 4, left] 30. West gate ticket booth (C/building) [photo 4, left] 31. West gate announcement board shelter (C/structure) [photo 4, right] 32. Band/ceremony gazebo (C/structure) [photo 28] 33. Out Kitchen/Beehive Oven (C/structure) [seen to the left in photo 13] 34. Pottery building (C/building) [photo 29] 35. East gate ticket booth (C/building) [photo 26, right] 36. Restrooms (/building) [photo 30] 37. Cold Spring Gazebo (C/structure) [photo 6] 38. East gate bicycle rack/announcement board shelter /structure) [seen left in photo 26] 39. Chicken coop (C/building) [seen to the left in photo 12] 40. Railroad Guard House (C/building) [seen in photo 1, center left] 45. Carpenter/Maintenance Workshop (C/building) [photo 33] 46. Mile Marker (C/object) [photo 14, seen propped in front of the flag pole] 48. Large Storage Building (C/building) [photo 35] 49. Small Storage Building (C/building) [seen to the right in photo 34] 50. Four-Bay Storage Building (C/building) [center, photo 34] 51. Pillory (C/structure) [photo 38] 52. Flagpole/Dennisville Inn (C/object) [photo 14] 53. Flagpole/Grange (C/object) [photo 22] 54. Sheep shelter (C/building) 55. Pump House near Gandy Barn (C/structure) [seen to the extreme left in photo 16] 56. Pump House/East Parking Lot (C/structure)
Non-contributing Support Buildings within the Historic District (a total of 3) 57. Horse shelter (NC/building) [photo 36] 58. Pig Shelter (NC/building) [photo 16, seen to the left of the wagon] 59. Brewery storage building (NC/building) [photo 24]
DRAFT
NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 24 Cape May County, NJ ______
Master List of Historic Buildings and Structures at Historic Cold Spring Village with Name and Type of Resource, Construction Date, Original Location, and Date of Move
Name and Type of Resource Construction Original location Date of Move C=contributing NC= non-contributing Date to HCSV Cold Spring Grange* C/bldg. 1912 At original location n/a Heislerville Store C/bldg. 1876 Heislerville/Cumb. Co. 1974 Ewing-Douglass House C/bldg. Ca. 1850 Lower Township 1974 Finley Blacksmith Shop C/bldg. Ca. 1886 Middle Township 1974 Rio Grande Station* C/bldg. 1894 Middle Township 1974 Woodbine Jct. Tower† C/bldg. 1894 Dennis Township 1974 Ezra Norton House C/bldg. Ca. 1850 Middle Township 1975 Taylor Octagon Poultry House* Ca. 1890-1910 Lower Township 1975 C/bldg. David Taylor Shoe Shop Ca. 1830 Dennis Township 1976 C/bldg. Spicer Leaming House† C/bldg. Ca. 1815-1820 Lower Township 1977 Hathorn House C/bldg. Ca. 1722 Upper Township 1977 Corson-Hand House C/bldg. Ca. 1837 Upper Township 1977 Seaville Friends Mtg. House Ca. 1957 Upper Township 1980 outhouse C/bldg. Cape May Point Jail (on State 1900-1910 Cape May Point Boro 1982 Register) C/bldg. Mechanics Hall C/bldg. 1894 Lower Township 1985 Dennisville Inn C/bldg. 1836 Dennis Township 1985 Marshallville School C/bldg. Ca. 1850 Upper Township 1988 George Douglass Carriage House 1890-1909 City of Cape May 1988 C/bldg. Willis Barn C/bldg. 1860-1870 Middle Township 1990 Tuckahoe Shop C/bldg. Ca. 1855 Upper Township 1991 Mechanics Hall outhouse 1904 Upper Township 1993 C/bldg. Lewis Corson Gandy Barn Ca. 1880 Dennis Township 1994 C/bldg. Rev. David Gandy HouseDRAFT Ca. 1830 Upper Township 1995 C/bldg. Rio Grande Canopy C/structure Ca. 1900 Lower Township 1998 Coxe Hall Cottage C/bldg. Ca. 1691 Lower Township 2006 Corson Barn N/C bldg. Ca. 1804 Upper Township 2015 Gable Front Corn Crib Ca. 1900 Upper Township? 1990s C/structure Outhouse** C/bldg. Ca. 1940 Lower Township 1990s NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 7 Page 25 Cape May County, NJ ______
Three-bay Sheep Barn C/bldg. Ca. 1900 At original location n/a
*Listed in the State and National Registers of Historic Places † Determined individually eligible for listing in the registers **This building was part of the adjacent Hildreth farm and was moved from near the house to its present location near the Village workshop and storage buildings.
DRAFT NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 8 Page 1 Cape May County, New Jersey ______
Summary
Historic Cold Spring Village in Cape May County is New Jersey’s best representation of a “museum village” and a tangible expression of the New Social History movement of the 1960s and 1970s that emphasized the study of the past through the documents and artifacts produced by “ordinary” people rather than the political and economic elites. The national museum village movement began in 1929 with Henry Ford’s Greenfield Village, and spread throughout the country, culminating in efforts to present and preserve local history stimulated by the 1976 Bicentennial celebration. When founded in 1973, Historic Cold Spring Village drew upon forms and ideas elaborated previously in other museum villages, notably Sturbridge Village in Massachusetts and The Farmers Museum in Cooperstown, New York but advanced the concept of “living history” shown within a museum composed almost entirely of moved buildings that were artifacts in and of themselves,
Historic Cold Spring Village (hereafter also referred to the Village) is the only assembly of historic buildings within Cape May County, and indeed, within New Jersey to showcase the vernacular architecture of South Jersey and to promote the history, artifacts, and architecture of the rural agricultural and fishing economies that existed in this region for hundreds of years. The Village provides public access and strong programming to interpret the buildings and artifacts of a rural South Jersey community. It balances the urban, Victorian-era shore-resort history in nearby Cape May City; the two together provide a much fuller and more accurate picture of Cape May and South Jersey’s development than either one alone.
Although pre-dating the fifty-year eligibility threshold established by the National Register of Historic Places, the entirety of Historic Cold Spring Village, which includes moved historic buildings and new structures intended to support heritage tourism, is eligible for the New Jersey and National Registers in recognition of its role in the national museum village movement, and particularly for its significance in New Jersey and Cape May County. Historic Cold Spring Village embodies “The quality of significance in American history, architecture, … and culture present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that possess integrity of …materials, workmanship, feeling, and association”, and meets Criterion A of the National Register because the museum village is “associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history.”
The proposed historic district must also meet “Criteria Considerations” for National Register listing, as the district contains moved buildings, in-situ buildings, and the campus includes a designed landscape and associated structures less than 50 years old. The significance of the entire Cold Spring Village Historic District rests on its meritDRAFT as an expression of a mid-20th century movement within historic preservation.
Criteria Consideration B states: One of the basic purposes of the National Register is to encourage the preservation of historic properties as living parts of their communities. In keeping with this purpose, it is not usual to list artificial groupings of buildings that have been created for purposes of interpretation, protection, or maintenance. Moving buildings to such a grouping destroys the integrity of location and NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 8 Page 2 Cape May County, New Jersey ______
setting, and can create a false sense of historic development. 1
It is “not usual” but it is not unknown that properties containing moved buildings have been placed on the National Register.2 The “integrity of location” for Historic Cold Spring Village rests on the assertion that this assemblage does not create the impression of an authentic village, but rather that it is a very good example of the museum village campus type created in the mid-20th century for the express purpose of didactic display of regional, vernacular architecture and educational crafts, agricultural work, and lifeways demonstrations.
Historic Cold Spring Village must also meet Criterion G, which states: Properties less than fifty years old may be an integral part of a district when there is sufficient perspective to consider the properties as historic. This is accomplished by demonstrating that: 1) the district's Period of Significance is justified as a discrete period with a defined beginning and end, 2) the character of the district's historic resources is clearly defined and assessed, 3) specific resources in the district are demonstrated to date from that discrete era, and 4) the majority of district properties are over fifty years old.
In these instances, it is not necessary to prove exceptional importance of either the district itself or the less-than-fifty- year-old properties…3 [Italics added]
With the discussion following in this nomination, these criteria are met, and the property may be considered for full State and National Register listing.
Historic Cold Spring Village continues to function as a museum village, presenting an array of historic buildings, artifacts, and demonstrations of traditional crafts. It is a robust example of the museum village concept of the mid-20th century, on a site designed and maintained explicitly for that use.
The museum village movement in American history has come to a close, and can already be judged as a part of the past.4 The museum villages that exist are working to sustain and improve their buildings and
1 National Park Service, National Register Bulletin: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation, accessed on April 7, 2016 at:https://www.nps.gov/nr/publications/bulletins/nrb15/nrb15_7.htm - crit con g 2 As an example, in Morris County, NJ, Speedwell Village Historic District is listed on the State and National Registers of Historic Places. The property contains the Vail family home and the outbuilding related to it where Alfred Vail, along with S.B. Morse, first demonstrated the possibility of long-distance communication via a telegraph. The property also contains three other buildings moved to the site to save them from demolition in the 1960s, and these moved buildings were in place and enumerated in the nomination when the entire site was listed on the National Register in 1970. 3 National Park Service, NationalDRAFT Register Bulletin: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation, accessed on April 7, 2016 at: https://www.nps.gov/nr/publications/bulletins/nrb15/nrb15_7.htm - crit con g 4 Rentzhog, Sten. Open Air Museums: The History and Future of a Visionary Idea. Translated from Swedish by Skans Victoria Airy. 2007. Distributed in the United States through The Association for Living History, Farm and Agriculture Museums. The book, one of the only scholarly publications of the past decade to look at museum villages, is based on a conference held in 2001 in Szentendre, Hungary, “New Millennium, New Challenges for Open Air Museums.” The conference was premised on the fact that open air museums or museum villages are fundamentally a 19th century idea that flourished in the 20th century, and its relics have now survived into the 21st century. The limits of such museums in time, space, topic and interpretation occupy a considerable part of the book and while not relevant for this discussion, do raise important questions about the survival of these museums. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 8 Page 3 Cape May County, New Jersey ______
collections, and it seems unlikely in the digital age that there will be a resurgence of creating more artifact-driven places like them. Acknowledging the value and meaning of the museum village type further protects their architectural holdings, promotes their work as a valuable contribution to American historic preservation practice, and allows them to make a legitimate claim as part of our shared history.
The museum village in America The outdoor architectural museum, or museum village, was a creation of the 20th century with its combination of nostalgia for a vanishing way of life and the development of mass tourism by automobile. In Charles Hosmer’s important book, Preservation Comes of Age, published in 1981, he begins his chapter on Outdoor Museums thus: “Although the largest outdoor museums that opened to the public in the 1930s and 1940s are closely linked to the popularization of history it is difficult today to view these exhibition areas as historic preservation activity.”5
With that, a generation and more of historic preservation activists and scholars derisively dismissed the museum village form as an “architectural petting zoo” unworthy of consideration within the field of historic preservation. The focus of American practice in the latter 20th century was on the preservation of buildings in situ and the rehabilitation of crumbling structures in their own neighborhoods. This aligned architects, politicians, planners, and real estate interests in many communities to achieve those goals, united under a banner of historic preservation. But what was often missing was the “historic” in such historic preservation projects. Interpreting and curating these sites was lost when building codes and adaptive re-use strategies revised sites for contemporary use. An aesthetic viewpoint triumphed over a building’s history and meaning in the community.
The direction toward preservation of buildings, landscapes, and neighborhoods as cohesive entities on their original sites became the dominant feature of American historic preservation6, but it was not the only strategy for keeping examples of important buildings intact and part of the national patrimony. Despite their dismissal by establishment preservation authorities, particularly at the National Park Service,7 museum villages were developed, curated, maintained, and visited across the United States in the second half of the 20th century.
5 Hosmer, Charles B., Jr. DRAFT Preservation Comes of Age: From Williamsburg to the National Trust, 1926-1949. Published for the Preservation Press by the University Press of Virginia, 1981. Volume I, page 74. 6 The establishment of the National Register as part of the National Historic Preservation Act (1966) codified the practice of excluding moved building, and limited the ability to look back to determine the historicity of a site to 50 years. New York City’s Landmark Law, established the year before, gives a 35-year period for assessment for historicity. 7 The National Park Service administers the National Register of Historic Places and The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards, which together form the basic “rules” for American preservation activities. Both documents view the moving of buildings negatively. There is ample evidence that buildings were moved, particularly in rural areas, with some frequency prior to the 20th century, to further their use. The practice is documented for Cape May County, the location of Historic Cold Spring Village, in Joan Berkey’s Early Architecture of Cape May County. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
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Historic villages come in many forms, from recreated traditional buildings used for commercial purposes to meticulous restorations on a large scale, such as Colonial Williamsburg. The “museum village” as described in this document, however, has the following characteristics:8
1) The museum is created by buildings brought together on-site to create a “village” or multi-use setting with examples of commercial/early industrial, residential, and civic/religious structures. It may have a building or two in situ around which the “village” was created. 2) The village interprets a specific period and the particular region in which the buildings are found and generally showcases traditional, vernacular building forms and their construction methods. 3) The village is not a showcase for reproduction buildings. 4) The village is created with an educational intent and administered as a way of increasing public knowledge about local history, buildings, and traditional lifeways of the region.
The only large museum showcasing moved buildings in the National Register as of this writing is Henry Ford’s Greenfield Village in Dearborn, Michigan. Established beginning in 1929, Greenfield Village is listed on the National Register for its association with Henry Ford and his interest in American history, and as the precursor of all subsequent museum villages in the United States.9 According to the criteria for this discussion, Greenfield Village is not a historic village, since it does not interpret a region so much as the entire United States, and its centerpiece building is a reproduction of Independence Hall in Philadelphia. Ford preserved nearly 100 buildings from across the country on 255 acres, and the buildings were chosen to illustrate American progress in agriculture, manufacturing and transportation rather than for specific architectural interest or regional representation.10
The creation of Greenfield Village was not another invention of Henry Ford’s, but rather a translocation of an idea that had arisen in Europe at the end of the 19th century.11 Other industrialists of the early 20th century shared Ford’s interest in collecting “Americana” and in preserving the artifacts of a way of life being snuffed out by the very processes and products that created the fortunes of these collectors. Electa Havemeyer Webb, Albert Wells, Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, Henry Francis du Pont, Eli Lily12 and others
8 Rentzhog, Sten. Open Air Museums: The History and Future of a Visionary Idea. Translated from Swedish by Skans Victoria Airy. 2007. Distributed in the United States through The Association for Living History, Farm and Agriculture Museums. Rentzhog’s definition is quite short, that is: “an open air museum is a site mainly comprising translocated buildings, and established for educational purposes” (p. 2). He elaborates further to explicitly state that the museum village does not include commercially motivated ventures, reconstructed settings like a prehistoric village, or historic complexes preserved in situ. But all his examples imply a focus on location, and the aggregation of regional architecture to form the museum, and so I have expanded the definition to explicitly include this. 9 Sheire, James H., preparer,DRAFT Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service, Department of the Interior, Washington, DC. National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form, “Greenfield Village and the Henry Ford Museum/ aka The Edison Institute”, Dearborn, Michigan. Prepared 1981. 10 Lisa Deline, a reviewer at the National Park Service for the National Register of Historic Places, commented that the 1970s nomination for Greenfield Village “would not be acceptable today”. E-mail from Lisa Deline to Andrea Tingey, NJHPO, March 3, 2015. 11 Rentzhog, op. cit. 12 Electa Havemeyer Webb, heiress of a sugar fortune, created Shelburne Village in Vermont (1947). Albert Wells, who made his money in lenses and optical equipment, developed Sturbridge Village in Massachusetts (1946). Eli Lily, of the eponymous pharmaceutical firm, created Conner Prairie in Indiana (1934, though reorganized and redesigned beginning 1970). Abby NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
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were serious and knowledgeable about preserving pieces of the past, and although their acquisitions initially formed private collections, their antiques were eventually showcased in professionally operated and publicly accessible museums. Many of these “industrialist collectors” also acquired entire buildings that provided a period backdrop for the artifacts.
One outcome of these acquisitions was a developing interest in and knowledge of the vernacular buildings that were appropriate as these backdrops. From private collecting activities, museum villages such as Old Sturbridge, in Massachusetts (1946), or the Farmer’s Museum in Cooperstown, New York (1944) were established. Although their founder’s collecting activity often stretched back decades, these institutions were formally founded and opened to the public after World War II. They were given financial support from their founders, but upon opening to the public, employed professional staff that led the museums to develop high standards for collecting, displaying, interpreting, and preserving the entire ensemble.
The American Association for State & Local History (AASLH) supported dissemination of this professional knowledge from larger museum villages to the many smaller ones that developed in the years 1940 to 1980. AASLH was founded in 1940 for “the promotion of effort and activity in the fields of state, provincial, and local history in the United States and Canada”.13 Beginning with a dozen supporters, as reported in a typewritten newsletter that served as the first edition of their publication, History News, AASLH’s membership growth tracked increasing interest in local history and the formation of distinct organizations devoted to local history, among them, museum villages14.
American Heritage began as a quarterly publication of AASLH, intended as a way of teaching local historians more about American history. The hardcover, advertisement-free publication was spun off in 1954 with the formation of the American Heritage Publishing Company. With 350,000 paid subscriptions at its height in the late 1960s, the magazine was never ‘popular’ but it did reflect a serious interest on the part of many in the country to learn more about history. The circulation of the magazine paralleled a broad interest in American history that culminated in national efforts to celebrate and commemorate the Bicentennial of the United States in 1976. The magazine ceased publication in 2007.15 The full story of AASLH and American Heritage is beyond the scope of this narrative, but it is introduced here as a more-or-less objective indicator of the rise of interest in American history, and especially local history, that was begun in academic institutions under the heading of “New Social History” but played out across the country in the formation of local museums focused on local architecture and artifacts, and the rise of AASLH and American Heritage. Beginning in the 1940s and accelerating into the 1960s,
DRAFT Aldrich Rockefeller collected folk art, now housed at her family’s “history project”, Williamsburg, Virginia (first opened to the public 1935), and Henry Francis DuPont was the leading collector of American furniture in the early 20th century, which led to the endowment of a leading institution of early American scholarship, at Winterthur, Delaware. 13 www.aaslh.org/the-story-of-us/ accessed June 2, 2015. 14 Specific data on past membership in AASLH is not available; as of 2010, the organization had 6300 paid memberships, from museums of all sorts across the United States and Canada; and clearly, they began in 1940 with a dozen founding members. 15 McGrath, Charles, “Magazine Suspends Its Run in History,” The New York Times, May 17, 2007. Accessed through www.nytimes.com/2007/05/17/arts/17heri.html NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
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“museum villages” were created in every state in the union.16 Often still tied to an individual or family founder with particular interest in collecting antiques, these more regionally focused museums were no longer using local buildings just as backdrops for their collections; they found themselves the savior of last resort for buildings threatened with demolition.
At the same moment museum villages were becoming popular in the United States, urban renewal projects in American cities and towns were actively threatening the existence of thousands of historic buildings. The oldest among them, or those most lauded in local history, often for association with a “Founding Father,” might be demolished with regrets. And if urban renewal didn’t threaten the building, highway construction might. Under these circumstances, some threatened buildings were moved from their original sites in order to save them. Among New Jersey examples are two that brought buildings to small “museum villages”. One was the rescue of the 18th century Indian Queen Tavern in New Brunswick from the path of urban renewal. It was moved to the burgeoning building collection of Dr. Joseph Kler in Piscataway in 1971. The early 19th century Ford Cottage was removed from the right-of- way of Interstate 287 in Morristown to the historic site known as “Speedwell Village” in 1968.17
The rapid diminishing of family farms around the country also led to a surfeit of abandoned traditional agricultural buildings. Where agriculture remained viable, there was a push to replace obsolete structures with modern ones on the larger-scale commercial farms. Sometimes farm structures were threatened with imminent demolition because farm fields were transforming to suburban housing developments; other times the demolition came more slowly, through neglect and the ravages of weather and time. Regardless of the circumstance that led to their abandonment, there were a few lucky structures that would be saved by the local museum village. And across the country, the efforts of the museum villages did manage to preserve important structures; particularly vernacular buildings with regional interest and meaning that might otherwise have been forever lost.18
This availability of buildings led to the establishment of more diverse architectural collections than ever before. Buildings are expensive to collect and small museums found themselves stretching their resources to move, restore and open buildings they had saved. There was clearly a limit to how many buildings could be supported on the revenues of admissions to small museums. So it made a great deal of economic sense for the national preservation movement to champion adaptive re-use in the nation’s cities and towns, and to encourage buildings to be preserved in place and to “pay their way” through new
16 A complete listing of all these sites in the United States has yet to be compiled, but good information about some of them can be found in books aimed at promoting museum villages for touristic purposes from the latter 20th century. Two of the most comprehensive of thisDRAFT type are: Haas, Irving. America’s Historic Villages & Restorations, Arco Publishing Company, NY, 1974. Bowen, John. America’s Living Past: Historic Villages & Restorations. M&M Books, Portland House Publishers, NY, 1990. Rentzhog’s book notes the same acceleration in the founding of museum villages during the 1960s in Europe. He ascribes the American Bicentennial as a driver of the movement in the US, although he has no comparable reason for the European growth of museum villages other than an interest in preserving and interpreting regional history. 17 For more details on these and other moved buildings, see the Appendix to this nomination. 18 On-line history of The Association of Living History, Farms and Agricultural Museums, found at http://www.alhfam.org/index.php.
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uses. In the countryside, there was less opportunity for these real estate strategies, and even when implemented, accessory buildings and the least decorative structures were consistently overlooked. The museum village was, at the time, the only way to preserve these buildings of the American past, region by region.
Even as the National Historic Preservation Act began to codify American preservation, Rentzhog references the impact of the Bicentennial on the overall movement to establish collections of buildings to be moved for the express purpose of saving them: “Even more museums came into being in preparation for 1976, the year of the U.S. Bicentennial, and now the number of North American outdoor museums was calculated to have reached some 500.”19
The Museum Village and Tourism It was only in 1995 that a position paper on “Cultural and Heritage Tourism in the United States”20 articulated the value of historic and cultural sites as important components of the national tourism industry. But from their inception, museum villages were predicated on attracting tourists, usually traveling by car. Certainly that’s what Henry Ford hoped; other early industrialist-museum founders simply assumed their audience had the means for a private automobile when they established museums in rural areas like Shelburne, Vermont or Cooperstown, New York. Though this may have reinforced an anti-urban bias that made them collect rural buildings and antiques in the first place, the transformation of their private collections to public museums was enabled by increased post-War car ownership and mobility. The themes of preserving “Americana” resonated with a broader middle class audience. Post- World War II travelers embraced the presentation of complete ensembles of a vanished “historic” America at Williamsburg, at Sturbridge Village, at the Cooperstown Farmer’s Museum, or at Greenfield Village as a desirable vacation destination. The American Automobile Association published guidebooks featuring historic sites and museum villages from the 1950’s through the ‘70s. The message was “History is fun!” The whole family could enjoy a vacation to a historic site, learn something, see something new and memorable, and buy a souvenir to take home.
The biggest historic tourist attraction in the United States is of course, Williamsburg, Virginia, and it has long been a leader in establishing standards for the “living history” presentation. It also has been a major tourist destination since its official opening in 1935.21 Williamsburg was a “real” town, although the development of it as a museum led to demolition of many buildings, reconstruction of others (notably, the Capitol, the Governor’s Palace, Raleigh Tavern, the Public Hospital, and several outbuildings), and the moving and re-arrangement of existing historic buildings from within the town and from areas outside the bounds of the town.22 For these very reasons, it does not meet the definition of a “museum village” as presented byDRAFT Rentzhog and refined in this document.
19 Ibid, 237. 20 US Department of Commerce and the President’s Committee on the Arts and the Humanities. “A Position Paper on Cultural and Heritage Tourism in the United States”, 2005. Accessed at pcah.gov. This paper on the 10th anniversary of the first cultural heritage and tourism report summarizes the earlier work and puts it into an on-going context of 21st century tourism. 21 Yetter, George Humphrey. Williamsburg Before and After. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 1988. 22 Ibid. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
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But the Williamsburg strategy of interpreting an entire town to a specific time period, while restoring buildings in place and augmenting their setting with additional buildings moved to the site, made a powerful impression on later creators of historic villages around the country. Because of Williamsburg’s high visibility in the national landscape of historic sites, this strategy was widely imitated by founders of local museums, even as the National Park Service began to distance themselves from similar treatments in the operation of their own National Historical Parks.
The two preservation strategies, of preserving in place and moving buildings to save them, came together in the 1960s and ‘70s in Cape May County, New Jersey. At mid-century, the 19th century resort of Cape May City was threatened with demolition; there were those in the business community in 1960s who thought that the Victorian hotels and houses were a hindrance to economic growth and proposed razing the center city and erecting modern motels along this stretch of the shore. Some local residents and the larger American preservation community championed a different view, based on keeping the Victorian city and revitalizing it as a tourist attraction precisely because it was different from all the other shore resorts with their modern motels. The designation of the entire city of Cape May as a historic site, first recognized by the National Register and then made a National Historic Landmark (in 1976), was accompanied by increasing investment in the historic buildings in the city, which in turn generated more tourism and revenue.23
Nearby, at exactly the same moment, threatened buildings from beyond the City of Cape May were being moved from their original locations to a burgeoning museum village. The buildings were re-assembled in rural Lower Township, Cape May County, for educational reasons, as well as to promote local “heritage tourism.”
Historic Cold Spring Village In The Historical Collections of the State of New Jersey, 1846, Barber and Howe wrote, “Cold Spring, ten miles south of the Court House [Cape May], is a thickly settled agricultural neighborhood containing about 40 houses within the circle of a mile. It derives its name from an excellent spring of cold water flowing up through the salt marsh, which is much frequented by sojourners at Cape Island.” In addition to the homes, there were two churches, stores and a tavern. A brief carriage ride from Cape Island (Cape May City), brought tourists to a small shed where they could lower a bottle into the well to collect fresh water.24
23 In 1963, encouraged by Dr. Tenenbaum and Bill Murtagh, head of the National Trust for Historic Preservation, Cape May City applied for and received a $3.5 million grant - the first Urban Renewal Grant given to a small city specifically for preservation. Urban renewalDRAFT meant different things to a city government interested in ratables, and to the citizens favoring preservation. The ratables group saw an opportunity to tear down the old houses and small hotels and build modern motels with air-conditioning and parking lots. They were winning for a while - until the cataloging of the historic buildings, as required by the Urban Renewal Grant, was compiled by a Historic American Buildings Survey Team headed by Carolyn Pitts. In 1970, Pitts and Cape May Cottagers Association member, Edwin C. Bramble, managed to get the entire town listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In the same year, the Mid-Atlantic Center for the Arts (MAC) was formed to save the Emlen Physick Mansion on Washington Street, slated for demolition. (Information compiled by Janet W. Foster from materials available through http://www.capemay.com; with contributors Bruce Minnix, Tom Carroll, and information gathered from "Summer City by the Sea” by Emil R. Salvini, and "Gems of NJ" by Gordon Bishop.) 24 F.W. Beers & Co., Topographical Map of Cape May County New Jersey. Beers, Comstock and Cline, New York, 1872. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
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By the mid-20th century, most of the village had vanished. Development in Cape May County focused on the shore resorts, while traditional agriculture and the fishing industry collapsed. The George Hildreth farm, built in 1850, stood in the remnant settlement of Cold Spring when Patricia Anne and Dr. Joseph Salvatore purchased it in 1969, along with 35 acres of farmland and woods. Dr. Salvatore was familiar with local history as he was born and raised in nearby Wildwood, New Jersey. Both he and his wife were avid collectors of Americana, and the Hildreth Farm was to serve as a summer home and a place for both their growing family and growing collections.
Mrs. Salvatore, best known as “Annie,” was trained as a nurse, but went on to earn a Master’s degree in Education from Teacher’s College. Her strong interest in “care-taking” extended to buildings as well as people; but it was her interest in learning, and teaching, that really propelled her into owning and operating a museum. She recalls a childhood fascination with the period rooms at the Brooklyn Museum. Annie traces her adult interest in American history, and in buildings as artifacts of that history, to her “uncle,” Frederick Rath (1914 – 2001; actually her father’s first cousin). Rath was a historian, and from 1949 to 1956 served as the first director of National Trust for Historic Preservation. He worked at Hyde Park for the National Park Service, and taught at the Graduate Program at Cooperstown, NY, while Vice Director of the New York State Historical Association. From 1972-79 he was the Deputy Commissioner of the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation.25 With her family, Annie often visited the Farmer’s Museum in Cooperstown and Sturbridge Village in Massachusetts, and saw first-hand how those places developed their sites, collections and interpretive programs in the 1950s and ‘60s.26
The Cold Spring Grange #132 (1912) survived on the property next door to the Hildreth Farm. When the Grange was put up for sale for tax foreclosure in 1971, the Salvatores purchased the building. They anticipated using the old Grange Hall as a place to display the artifacts of rural life they found readily available at local auctions. They were committed to sharing their collection with the public for educational purposes, and formed the idea of a museum. But the idea of a single museum building did not last for long, and soon the Salvatores were developing a site plan to create “Cold Spring Village” as a group of buildings that would showcase traditional crafts (blacksmithing, printing, cabinet-making), occupations (doctor, apothecary, general store), and agricultural activities that centered on a stable, sheep pen, and carriage house.
A plot plan finalized in September 1973, prepared by Joseph Cecco, AIA, was submitted to Lower Township, Cape May County, proposing the use of the property as a museum village open to the public. The site would include six moved buildings, four extant outbuildings, and a new administration building in addition to the survDRAFTiving Grange.27 The plan of the site, with an oval “village green” in the center, and informal paths dividing roughly concentric plots of land shares general design affinities with the site plans created at Sturbridge Village and The Farmer’s Museum. The plan includes a proposed lake that was never created. The Salvatores stated that they hoped to acquire a water-powered mill building for
25 Lewis, Paul. “Frederick Rath, Pioneer of Historical Conservation”, New York Times, obituary, April 8, 2001. 26 Telephone interview with Annie Salvatore, by Janet W. Foster, May 20, 2015. 27 Cecco, Joseph, “Cold Spring Village – Museum,” Plot Plan and supporting surveyor’s drawings of the property, submitted to Lower Township Zoning Board of Adjustment, October 1973. Copies in the collection of Historic Cold Spring Village. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
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the museum, but the opportunity never presented itself, and creation of an open water feature was determined to be a liability.28 There have been other modifications to the plan over time, chiefly the movement of the parking area from an internal position to two locations today, one along Seashore Road and the other along Route 9, giving the museum village two primary access points. The removal of the parking from the center of the Village was also required to accommodate the quadrupling in the numbers of historic buildings moved to the property between 1973 and the present.
The large footprint assigned to an “administration building” in the Cecco plan materialized when the 1894 Mechanics Hall was moved to the Village in 1985 and its second floor was converted for Village office use. The support functions necessary for bringing the public on-site, including rest rooms, refreshments, and ticket sales are carried out from smaller buildings scattered throughout the site. Programmatically, the large “administration” building in the plan was a direct translation of the Sturbridge/Farmer’s Village models, another reminder that Historic Cold Spring Village was created with a strong intent to follow the museum village model as developed in those sites of a generation earlier. But the development of smaller buildings at Cold Spring, in traditional materials and forms scattered throughout the museum campus, is far more sympathetic to the scale of the historic buildings on site.
More important than the site plan for the future development of the museum village at Cold Spring was the establishment of two criteria for collection: the architecture and history of the buildings on the property had to represent a relevant sampling of the County’s heritage, and the buildings chosen had to be suitable for restoration following a move from their location in Cape May and Cumberland Counties.29 This was articulated from the beginning and is crucial in understanding the “period of significance” for the museum.
The Township supported the idea of a museum village, and the Zoning Board of Adjustment gave site plan approval in December 1973. The Historic Cold Spring Village Museum was born. Both the buildings and the artifacts the Salvatores had collected would be available to the public for display and interpretation, while remaining their private property. In 1974 the Salvatores purchased and moved a threatened vernacular structure in order to save it: the Heislerville Store, from a rural village just beyond the Cape May County line in Cumberland County to Historic Cold Spring Village. It is the only building within the museum village site to come from outside Cape May County itself.
The Ewing-Douglass House soon followed; by year’s end there were four old buildings added to the site. The Salvatores spent several years in the 1970s restoring the moved buildings and focusing their collecting efforts to fill those buildings appropriately. The Village officially opened to the public on May 23, 1981, with twelve DRAFTbuildings on the campus.30
28 Telephone interview with Annie and Joe Salvatore by Joan Berkey, March 31, 2016. 29 “Summary of Organization History,” Historic Cold Spring Village Archives, 2014. 30 Ibid. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
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A Board of Trustees was established at this time as well, to guide the museum. The mission was “to function as a non-profit, open-air living history museum and educational institution” with goals to further historic preservation, history education, and heritage tourism.31
Frederick Rath came to HCSV before it opened to the public to advise the Salvatores on its operation and its mission. As Annie said, “The entire family believed in the value of history museums.”32 They developed an interpretive plan, and promoted the village as part of regional tourist attractions. Annie was particularly committed to the idea that visitors could go inside each building and talk to the interpreters; there are no ropes or barriers between them, and the conversations can range from the simplest “What’s that?” to more complex discussions of the economic and social lives of early 19th century inhabitants of Cape May County.
The Cape May County Board of Chosen Freeholders was very supportive of the idea of the museum village, which could draw visitors (and their dollars) to Cape May outside of July and August’s prime beach season. After lengthy discussion, in December 1984, the Village was donated by the Salvatore family to Cape May County, so that a public entity could continue to grow the museum and provide on- going maintenance for the buildings in the collection.33 The County moved eight more buildings into the Village over the next eight years. There were two full-time employees, in addition to dozens of seasonal interpreters and crafts people, and hired contractors repairing the buildings. Then, as now, many of the costumed interpreters within the village were teachers, using their summer vacations to immerse themselves in history, and using their talents as educators for the adults and children who visited.
James S. Kilpatrick, Jr. was a lawyer who loved history, and he served on the Board of Chosen Freeholders of Cape May County for many years.34 State Senator Jimmy Cafiero35 had an interest in history ignited by the Bicentennial. Both of these influential local politicians understood that the mission of the museum village was also a smart investment in local tourism and in education. But politicians are not in office forever, and the initial enthusiasm of Cape May County for the property began to wane as the reality of the costs of maintaining the village grew.
In 1990, a group of local citizens interested in the mission of the museum formed the Friends of Historic Cold Spring Village, an independent not-for-profit corporation. Since that date, the Friends have supported the Village through a volunteer corps, funding the restoration of several buildings, developing project-specific educational programs, and undertaking major fundraising events. The need for a friends group was clear, as was the fact that by 1991, the County had lost all interest in running a museum.
31 Ibid. DRAFT
32 Telephone interview with Annie Salvatore, by Janet W. Foster, May 20, 2015. 33 “Summary of Organization History,” Historic Cold Spring Village Archives, 2014. 34 James S. Kilpatrick was known through his political career in the 1970s and ‘80s as an advocate of cultural and historic projects. He worked to establish the Cape May Cultural & Heritage Commission, and supported the acquisition of Historic Cold Spring Village by the County. 35 James Cafiero, Esq. (b. 1928) is a prominent South Jersey Republican, who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1968-72, and the New Jersey Senate from 1972-82, and again in 1990-2004. He retired from politics as the Republican Whip (2002-04). NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
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Living next door, the Salvatores could not ignore the signs that their beloved collection was literally falling apart.
The County-hired managers left in 1992; in January 1993, the Village was returned to the Salvatores as a result of government budget restrictions and a Cape May County hiring freeze. The museum village was reorganized as HSCV Foundation, Inc., a 501 (c)(3) non-profit corporation.36 The mission statement was refined over time, but has essentially remained true to the initial 1973 focus on historic preservation, history education, and heritage tourism.
The Salvatores, the HSCV Board of Trustees, and the Friends of Historic Cold Spring Village set about returning it to a sound condition – both physical and fiscal. Annie Salvatore continues to oversee operations of the Village. There is presently a staff of thirty-eight. 37 The museum works hard to develop programs that attract visitors from early spring to late fall, and to cultivate repeat visitors, as well as newcomers. All elementary school age children in Cape May County will visit the museum at some point in their schooling. A wide variety of historical, literary and artistic techniques are utilized to present local history through the lens of a small South Jersey farming village of the 19th century. But beyond the children, 80% of the visitors will be from “beyond”, that is, outside of Cape May. The Salvatores bemoan the fact that locals, in many cases descendants of the people who built and used the structures and artifacts in their collections, are uninterested in visiting and unappreciative of the value of the collection.38
Not so statewide, and even nationally. The Salvatores have received every award and citation around preservation of local history that has been offered in New Jersey in the past 30 years. Historic Cold Spring Village has been recognized by the Smithsonian Institution, and received an award from AASLH for its long-time work in high-quality interpretation of a site. Mostly recently, in 2014, the North- American Vernacular Architecture Forum recognized the Salvatores for their contribution to the preservation and understanding of the region’s traditional vernacular architecture.39
The buildings moved to Historic Cold Spring Village would almost certainly not have survived to be studied and appreciated as they are now had they not been moved from their original sites to the village. Historic Cold Spring Village pursued acquisition of buildings in keeping with one of the original missions of the museum village at Cold Spring, which stated that the architecture and history of the buildings on the property had to represent a relevant sampling of the County’s heritage. To that end, the Village buildings focus on the varied activities of nearly 225 years of local history (ca. 1690 – 1912). The Heislersville Store, the first acquired for the museum, filled the first interest of the museum village, expressed on the 1973DRAFT site plan, to have buildings that could showcase the commercial activities of the
36 “Summary of Organization History,” Historic Cold Spring Village Archives, 2014. 37 The staff as of spring 2015 includes five full-time people, including Annie; two part-time employees; and 30 seasonal employees who do daily interpretation within the village in the summer. From e-mail correspondence between Annie Salvatore and Janet W. Foster, June, 2015. 38 Telephone interview with Annie Salvatore, by Janet W. Foster, May 20, 2015. 39 “Down Jersey: From Bayshore to Seashore”. Annual conference of the Vernacular Architecture Forum, Galloway, New Jersey, May 7-10, 2014. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
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past. Later acquisitions intentionally sought different types of buildings that allowed interpretation of the county’s specific history, including its role in travel between Philadelphia and the emerging shore resort of Cape May (Dennisville Inn and the Rio Grande Station), the rise of the poultry industry in the late 19th and early 20th century (Taylor Octagon Poultry House), and houses that demonstrate the transformation of the community from a region of distinctive vernacular building traditions to one that used materials, construction techniques, and stylistic cues reflecting national, American building trends.
The purchase and removal of a small, heavy-timber-framed building from just outside Cape May City in 2006 brought Historic Cold Spring Village its most significant architectural artifact, and in many ways, completed the vision of the founders of the museum village to showcase buildings from all periods of the county’s history. Known as “Coxe Hall Cottage”, the building is reliably dated to 1691 and represents the presence of New England whalers in settling Cape May in the late 17th century. It seems to be the surviving portion of a larger building, called “Coxe Hall” that was built for tenants of the Englishman Daniel Coxe. Coxe owned 95,000 acres on the Cape May peninsula in 1680, and while he never set foot in the New World, he encouraged the development of a whaling industry from Cape May. His efforts brought wealth to the region, and promoted settlement by New Englanders seeking new lands – and new whaling grounds. The decorated heavy timber frame that forms Coxe Hall may be the sole surviving building from the founding of Cape May, and an important example of late-medieval framing in New Jersey.
Today, Coxe Hall Cottage is one of the 28 historic structures within Historic Cold Spring Village. The Village structures interpret Cape May County buildings from the 1691 Coxe Hall to a 19thcentury tavern to the turn-of-the-20th-century railroad structures and the 1912 Grange. Their siting together allows for study, comparison, and a complete recounting of Cape May’s history before World War I. The modern structures that support visitors to the site are compatible in scale and materials, but clearly distinguishable from the historic structures that are the centerpiece of the museum’s collection.
The restoration of the buildings was always meticulous, and individual buildings including Cold Spring Grange, the Rio Grande Railroad Station, and the Octagonal Poultry House, have already been individually added to the National Register of Historic Places, despite being moved, because of their importance architecturally and historically. Two other structures within the village, the Spicer Leaming House and the Woodbine Junction Control Tower have a Certificate of Eligibility and a SHPO opinion, respectively, that recognize their historic qualities as individual structures.
Designation of the entire museum village as a New Jersey Register District recognizes the other buildings on site, with equally compellingDRAFT architectural and historical significance, and acknowledges the value of their co-location as a museum rather than assess them as freestanding, moved structures. The founding of the museum village at Historic Cold Spring is an important event in Cape May County, and New Jersey history, and as part of a larger national movement, should be acknowledged as an expression of the history of the field of historic preservation.
NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 8 Page 14 Cape May County, New Jersey ______
Appendix
New Jersey Museum “villages” There are many authentic “historic” settlements throughout New Jersey, with buildings in place showcasing both the buildings and development patterns of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. The State of New Jersey owns three sites that include formally presented collections of genuine villages. These include Waterloo Village on the Morris/Sussex County border, a 19thcentury village related to the Morris Canal; Batsto Village (Burlington County), and Allaire Village (Monmouth County), both centers of 18th and 19th century iron making. These museum villages present original buildings in-situ, and focus on the industrial heritage of all three places. The industrial village of Smithville, in Burlington County near Mount Holly, is owned and operated by the Burlington County Park System. These authentic villages are maintained as publicly accessible educational/museum institutions, and interpreted, either in person or through printed materials available to visitors.
There are dozens of non-museum historic villages listed on the New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places that retain spatial and architectural characteristics of their historic settlement, but they are not necessarily interpreted for visitors. As living communities, they may welcome visitors but they are not recreating crafts or life ways for public consumption, nor is it the intent of the community to serve an educational or museum function.
Throughout New Jersey, there have been a few “historic villages” created in the mid-20th century for commercial, rather than educational purposes. Historic Smithville, in Atlantic County, (not to be confused with Smithville in Burlington County) repurposed some local, historic buildings as the setting for small shops that surround a historic (and much altered and expanded) inn. Similarly, the Stage House Inn in Scotch Plains, Union County, is an authentic, though much renovated inn. It remains in situ, surrounded by buildings moved from the area to form a commercial center. Dutch Neck Village near Bridgeton, NJ, advertises itself as a “quaint country village,” and uses contemporary buildings inspired by the region’s vernacular architecture as a setting for shops. The “Murray Hill” section of Berkeley Heights in Union County was created as a commercial development in the 1970s with new structures that copied extant vernacular buildings (including an octagonal house) in the region. The commercial development failed; the buildings were rehabilitated to become private residences.
There are actually only a very few places in the state like Historic Cold Spring Village that meet the definition of “museum village” as articulated in this paper. As a reminder, the definition of a “museum village” is reiterated here. 1) The museum isDRAFT created by buildings brought together on site to create a “village” or multi-use setting with examples of commercial/early industrial, residential, and civic/religious structures. It may have a building or two in situ around which the “village” was created. 2) The village interprets a specific period and the particular region in which the buildings are found and generally showcases traditional, vernacular building forms and their construction methods. 3) The village is not a showcase for reproduction buildings. 4) The village is created with an educational intent and administered as a way of increasing public knowledge about local history, buildings, and traditional life ways of the region. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 8 Page 15 Cape May County, New Jersey ______
Cape May County Historic Cold Spring Village, Lower Township, founded 1973.
This museum village showcases life in rural South Jersey in the 19th century. It has one in situ building; the other 27 historic buildings on the campus were moved to the museum to preserve them, and they are used to interpret local history and craft traditions. The museum is open all year long, and its architecture and artifacts are intensively interpreted through a variety of educational programs for children and adults. Privately owned by the non-profit HSCV Foundation, Inc., this is presently the largest, and most successful (in terms of maintenance and on-going educational outreach) of all the museum villages in the state.
Gloucester County Olde Stone House Village, Sewell, founded ca. 1980.
Four buildings have been moved onto property near an existing stone house, built ca. 1750. The municipality of Washington Township purchased the old house in order to save it from demolition in 1980; other buildings were moved to the site later. The creation of this ensemble of historic buildings seems to have been intended to serve as a “museum village” but it no longer functions that way. The site is owned by Washington Township and operated through the local Historic Preservation Advisory Commission, which is explicitly charged to “establish long-range plans for the development of the Old Stone House Village, and plan, organize and implement programs of an entertaining and educational nature.” It is not consistently interpreted, although there are special events throughout the year that offer some tours and interpretation of the buildings. Mostly the historic buildings are used as a background for community events; the re-located church is available for wedding rentals.40 The site is not recognized on the State or National Registers.
Middlesex County East Jersey Olde Towne, founded 1971.
The closest counterpart to Historic Cold Spring Village is “East Jersey Olde Towne,” created in 1971 by Dr. Joseph Kler as a way to save buildings from the Middlesex County region of New Jersey.41 The most historically significant building in the collection is the Indian Queen Tavern, built in the city of New Brunswick in the 18th century, and the site of visits by George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and John Adams. Other early buildings moved to the site include examples of central New Jersey vernacular farmhouses and outbuildings. There is no doubt that the buildings that did make it to East Jersey Olde Towne would not haveDRAFT survived had they not been moved due to the intense development pressure in the New Brunswick/Middlesex County area in the mid-20th century. Other structures have been recreated at the site and illustrate particular building types, such as a barracks for soldiers or an early hipped-roofed square church that had already completely vanished by the time the museum was founded. The buildings are arranged around a central square within a larger park setting; landscaping is minimal.
40 http://twp.washington.nj.us/content/69/85/default.aspx 41 www.co.middlesex.nj.us/Government/Departments/BDE?pages/East-Jersey-Olde-Towns.aspx
NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 8 Page 16 Cape May County, New Jersey ______
After years of dwindling private investment and little interpretative programming, East Jersey Olde Towne passed to the Middlesex County Park Commission in 1989. The County has only just begun to recognize that maintenance of over a dozen historic buildings requires considerable funds, consistently appropriated. Located on the banks of the Raritan River, the East Jersey Olde Towne’s fifteen moved buildings have been subject to flooding during significant storms, and the Park Commission is currently in the midst of renovation and restoration to buildings severely damaged in the autumn storms of 2011 and 2012. The structures are open to the public, with signage as interpretation; there are special events at intervals through the year that offer programming and interpreters.
The moved buildings are located just upriver from a significant, excavated archaeological discovery, the Raritan Landing Site, which has provided important information about the trade links between New Jersey’s farmers, the Caribbean, and England in the 18th century. Although there are no standing buildings in Raritan Landing, it is well interpreted through an on-line site, and an exhibit of the archaeological discoveries there is housed in a building within East Jersey Olde Town. The State and National Registers recognize the archaeological site, but not East Jersey Olde Town.42
Morris County Speedwell Village, Morristown, established ca. 1960.
Speedwell Village was created by private group, now known as the Friends of Historic Speedwell, in 1960s to preserve the Vail Mansion and the surviving outbuilding where the telegraph was invented by Alfred Vail and Samuel Morse. These buildings date from the early 19th century and remain in-situ. Two other outbuildings from the Vail period also remain on the property. Three historic houses were moved to the site to save them from demolition during “urban renewal” and the construction of Interstate 287 in Morristown in the late 1960s. The moved buildings are all residences pre-dating the Vail House itself and only one is presently open to the public (serving as a Visitor’s Center).
Speedwell Village is interpreted as separate buildings, not as a village (despite the name) but the entire site is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a historic district. The “Factory Building”, an outbuilding originally on the property, is an individual National Historic Landmark for its association with the invention of the telegraph. The Speedwell Village Historic District was entered into the National Register in 1970 with the moved buildings enumerated and included. The moved buildings are generally in poor repair, as there has never been sufficient funding to fully restore them. The site was transferred from its private non-profit organization to the Morris County Park Commission in 2002, although the Friends ofDRAFT Historic Speedwell maintain close ties and offers financial support to the site.43
Ocean County Tuckerton Seaport, founded 1993.
42 http://www.raritanlanding.com 43 From the National Register nomination for “The Speedwell Village”, prepared by Carl B. Scherzer, March, 1970 and accessed April 12, 2016 in the files of the New Jersey Historic Preservation Office. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 8 Page 17 Cape May County, New Jersey ______
At the Village, its 23 buildings include eight recreated structures, three historic houses in situ, and two structures moved to the site; others have been relocated within the property to facilitate the operation of the museum campus. The current Tuckerton Seaport was founded as the Barnegat Bay Decoy and Baymen’s Museum. The initial interest was in sustaining local hunting and fishing traditions, but a museum of decoys and boats was not sustainable economically. The group sought to expand with a commercial development along Tuckerton Creek that would allow sale of crafts, food, and other “water” themed attractions. The regionally important Casino Reinvestment Development Authority (CRDA) was persuaded to offer financial support to the Baymen’s Museum, and in 2000, through the CRDA’s efforts, a much larger “seaport” museum and tourist attraction was opened.44 Its focus is on maritime activities, both past and present; the site is also the center for the Jersey Shore Folklife Center, which includes preservation and promotion of the traditional culture of the Pinelands in its mission. Heavy damage from Superstorm Sandy in 2012, and the on-going financial struggles of the Atlantic City casinos (funding source for the CRDA) have hobbled the operations of the Tuckerton Seaport.
A 19thcentury house on the property that is in its original location is listed individually on the State and National Registers of Historic Places and a catboat has been deemed eligible for listing, but the ensemble of Tuckerton Seaport is not.
Warren County Millbrook Village, Millbrook. Founded 1970s.
The National Park Service created the idea for Millbrook Village in the 1960s as a way of preserving historic buildings threatened with demolition and/or flooding from the proposed Tocks Island Dam in far northwest New Jersey. The assemblage of buildings is intended to recall a 19th-century village, with structures typical for this location. The physical form of the village, with buildings being moved in to the site, took shape in the 1970s. The Park Service’s intent was for the village to serve as a setting for artisans demonstrating traditional crafts during the summer season, thus providing a touristic focal point within the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area.
There are presently 24 structures in Millbrook Village. Eight of them are survivors of the original village in this locale; seven of them date from the 1850s and ‘60s; one is from ca. 1900. Eight structures were moved from elsewhere within the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, mostly during the 1970s when the Tocks Island Dam project was still under consideration. An additional eight structures are reconstructions, ranging from simple outbuildings to major, highly visible structures like the Methodist Episcopal ChurchDRAFT and the Grist Mill.
The DWNRA suffers from lack of funding. At this point, the village is only open for visitation on weekends from Memorial Day through Labor Day. “Open” means some of the buildings are unlocked and visitors can peer inside; there is no on-site interpretation. There is a site map posted in the parking
44 http://www.tuckertonseaport.org/about-us/our-story
NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 8 Page 18 Cape May County, New Jersey ______
lot; if one arrives when buildings are open, one can get a copy to provide information on names and dates of the various buildings. Two interpreters staff the General Store during the mid-day on weekends, and they are largely directional guides – there is no set educational program offered. There are special events 10 days a year, when there are specific programs offered, like maple sugaring in spring or a Christmas service in the church in December. The buildings are in fair condition, and it is evident that there is considerable maintenance work that has been deferred for some time.45
DRAFT
45 Information compiled from a site visit on June 28, 2015 from brochures available at the village and from conversations with staff/interpreters. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 9 Page 1 Cape May County, New Jersey ______
Bibliography
Books, Manuscripts, and Periodicals
Bowen, John. America’s Living Past: Historic Villages & Restorations. M&M Books, Portland House Publishers, NY, 1990.
Haas, Irving. America’s Historic Villages & Restorations. Arco Publishing Company, NY, 1974.
Hosmer, Charles B., Jr. Preservation Comes of Age: From Williamsburg to the National Trust, 1926-1949. Two volumes. Published for the Preservation Press by the University Press of Virginia, 1981.
Rentzhog, Sten. Open Air Museums: The History and Future of a Visionary Idea. Translated from Swedish by Skans Victoria Airy. 2007. Distributed in the United States through The Association for Living History, Farm and Agriculture Museums.
Yetter, George Humphrey. Williamsburg Before and After. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 1988.
Periodicals
McGrath, Charles, “Magazine Suspends Its Run in History,” The New York Times, May 17, 2007. Accessed through www.nytimes.com/2007/05/17/arts/17heri.html
Interviews
Telephone interview with Annie Salvatore, by Janet W. Foster, May 20, 2015. Telephone interview with Annie and Joe Salvatore, by Joan Berkey, March 31, 2016.
DRAFTPublic Documents and Archives
Cecco, Joseph,“Cold Spring Village – Museum.” Plot Plan and supporting surveyor’s drawings of the property, submitted to Lower Township Zoning Board of Adjustment, October 1973.
NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 9 Page 2 Cape May County, New Jersey ______
F.W. Beers & Co., Topographical Map of Cape May County New Jersey. Beers, Comstock and Cline, New York, 1872.
Internet Sources
On-line history of The Association of Living History, Farms and Agricultural Museums, found at http://www.alhfam.org/index.php
History of Cape May, NJ’s mid-20th century historic preservation activities: http://www.capemay.com with contributors Bruce Minnix and Tom Carroll, and information gathered from "Summer City by the Sea” by Emil R. Salvini, and "Gems of NJ" by Gordon Bishop.
DRAFT NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District Section number 10 Page 1 Cape May County, New Jersey ______
Geographical Data
Verbal Boundary Description The boundary comprises block 505, lot 13.02 in its entirety as shown on the current Lower Township tax map. It also includes the following parcels as delineated on the attached tax and Bing maps: (1) an 8-acre portion of block 505, lot 13.01 (leased), (2) a 1-acre portion of block 505, lot 36.01 that incorporates New Jersey Transit’s right-of-way now used as a bike path, and (3) a 0.7 acre portion (part of which is leased) of NJ Transit’s right-of-way on block 505, lot 36.02 which contains railroad tracks.
UTM points, as shown on the attached Bing map, enclose a polygon as follows: 1. 18S 507686E 4313906N
2. 18S 507860E 4314295N
3. 18S 507760E 4314428N
4. 18S 507580E 4314410N
5. 18S 507391E 4314245N
Verbal Boundary Justification The boundary of the nominated property includes the majority of land associated with the Historic Cold Spring Village since its founding in 1973. [see 1973 site plan, fig. 1, in the Supplemental and HistoricDRAFT Images section] Although the size of the Village was reduced by subdivision to 20.19 acres in 1985, long term leases for land on the lot adjoining the Village to the north returned eight acres to Village use. Similarly, land for Village use is also leased from NJ Transit within its railroad right-of-way along the east boundary, adding additional land that was not shown on the 1973 site plan. NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District PHOTOGRAPHS Page 1 Cape May County, NJ ______
Typical Information for All Photographs
1. Name of Property Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District 2. County and State Cape May County, New Jersey 3. Date of Photograph October 2014 and March 2016 3. Location of Digital Copies Joan Berkey 707 N. Delsea Drive Cape May Court House, NJ 08210 and NJ State Historic Preservation Office
1. View northwest from US Route 9 towards the east parking lot and east entrance. 2. View northeast from Seashore Road towards the west entrance. Note the 1912 Cold Spring Grange (C) at right and the ca. 1804 Corson Barn (NC) at left. 3. view northwest of the east parking lot showing the east entrance booth (C, center), the ca. 1990 restrooms (C, right) and the 1894 Mechanics Hall (C, left). 4. West entrance ticket booth (C) and announcement board shelter (C) with the west parking lot to the right. View northeast. 5. From right to left: Rio Grande Train Station (C, foreground), railroad canopy (C), the Woodbine Jct. Tower (background); and the railroad guard house, view southwest. 6. Cold Spring Gazebo (C) located in the southeast corner of the historic district, between the train tracks at right and US Route 9 at left. View south. 7. View northeast along the southernmost east-west clamshell path showing from left to right: the ca. 1722 Hathorn House (C), the ca. 1900-1910 Cape May Point Jail, the ca. 1691 Coxe Hall Cottage, and the ca. 1850 Marshallville School (C), painted blue. 8. View north along one of the north-south clamshell paths showing from left to right: the ca. 1837 Corson-Hand House (C, blue), the ca. 1850 Ewing-Douglas House (C, white), the ca. 1815 Spicer Leaming House (C, red), and the ca. 1691 Coxe Hall Cottage (C, unpainted). 9. The Marshallville School (C, ca. 1850) at left and the 1904 Mechanics Hall Outhouse (C), at right. View northwest. 10. Rev. David Gandy House (C, ca. 1830); view northeast. 11. George Douglass Carriage House (C, ca. 1890-1909), view northwest. 12. Willis Barn (C, ca. 1860-70) and Chicken Coop (C, ca. 2000), view northeast. 13. Spicer Leaming House (C, ca. 1815) and the bake oven (C, ca. 2000) behind it; view southeast. 14. Dennisville Inn (C, 1836) with the Seaville Friends Meeting House Outhouse (C, ca. 1957) seen to the right. DRAFT 15. Ezra Norton House (C, ca. 1850), view southeast. 16. Lewis Corson Gandy Barn (C, ca. 1880) with the gable-front corncrib to its left; view northwest. The vegetable garden is seen as fallow land behind (to the north of) the barn. 17. Finley Blacksmith Shop (C, ca. 1886), view northwest. 18. Heislerville Store (C, 1876), view northeast. 19. Tuckahoe Shop (C, ca. 1855), view southeast. 20. View south showing the David Taylor Shoe Shop (C, ca. 1830) on the left and the Octagonal Poultry House (C, c. 1890-1910) on the right. The pole-mounted display case (C) is seen in the NPS Form 10-900-a (3-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018
United States Department of the Interior National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District PHOTOGRAPHS Page 2 Cape May County, NJ ______
center of the photograph. 21. Hathorn House (C, ca. 1722), view northeast. 22. Cold Spring Grange (C, 1912), view northeast. 23. Coxe Hall Cottage (C, ca. 1691), view northeast. 24. Corson Barn (NC, ca. 1804), view northwest. 25. Mechanics Hall (C, 1894), view northwest. 26. East entrance ticket booth (C, 2005), view southwest. 27. Sandwich stand (C., ca. 2000) and picnic table gazebo (C, ca. 2005), view northwest. 28. Band/ceremony gazebo (C, ca. 2000), view east. 29. Pottery Building (C, ca. 1980), view southeast. 30. Restrooms (C, ca. 1998) designed to look like a railroad storage building; view northwest. 31. View east down the northernmost east-west path with the David Taylor Shoe Shop (C, ca. 1830) on the right. 32. View west down the northernmost east-west path with the George Douglass Carriage house (C, ca. 1890-1909) on the right and the Pottery Building (C, ca. 1990) on the left. 33. Carpenter’s/maintenance workshop (C, ca. 1975), view southeast. 34. Ca. 1900 outhouse (C, seen left)) and two storage buildings (both C), view east. 35. Large storage building (C), view southeast. 36. Horse pasture and animal shelter (both NC, ca. 2012), view northeast. 37. Ca. 1900 hand pump with trough (C), view northwest. 38. Pillory (C), view northwest.
DRAFT DRAFT DRAFT DRAFT DRAFT DRAFT DRAFT DRAFT Historic and Supplemental Images fig. 1: 1973 plot plan for Historic Cold Spring Village
DRAFT
Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District, Historic and Supplemental Images page 1 fig. 2:The Reverend David Gandy House (#4, C) being moved from Upper Township in 1995
fig. 3: The Corson-Hand House,(#9, C) at its original site in Petersburg, Upper Township, ca. 1977
DRAFT
Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District, Historic and Supplemental Images page 2 fig. 4: Restoration of the ca. 1691 Coxe Hall Cottage (#25, C) in 2006, view southwest
fig. 5: Families waiting to ride the train “Thomas the Tank Engine” stand in line at the Rio Grande Station (#21, C) in 2005.
DRAFT
Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District, Historic and Supplemental Images page 3 fig. 6: Reenactors in front of the Dennisville Inn (#8, C), Civil War Weekend, ca. 2005.
fig.7: Children in period costumes learn about the workings of a print shop in the Rev. David Gandy House (#4, C), July 2006.
DRAFT
Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District, Historic and Supplemental Images page 4
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