DOCSLIB.ORG

H Word List-2 (Feb 24, 2021)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
H Word List-2 (Feb 24, 2021) H WORD LIST-2 (FEB 24, 2021) 1. coup (noun) – a sudden and violent regime change, seizure of power, (illegal) takeover of power. 2. of one's own making (phrase) - caused or created by oneself. 3. topple (verb) – overthrow, oust, unseat. 4. grip (noun) – control, power, hold. 5. in the face of (phrase) – despite, notwithstanding, regardless of; when confronted with. 6. growing (adjective) – increasing. 7. pro- (prefix) – supporting, favouring. 8. orchestrate (verb) – organize, coordinate, mastermind, choreograph. 9. convene (verb) – assemble, gather, meet, get together. 10. deploy (verb) – use, utilize. 11. repressive (adjective) – oppressive, dominating/coercive, authoritarian/draconian. 12. quell (verb) – suppress, silence, repress, overcome; mitigate, appease, settle. 13. repercussion (noun) – consequence, result, effect, outcome. 14. by the day (phrase) - gradually. 15. unarmed (adjective) – defenceless, without arms/weapons, weaponless, open to attack. 16. deployment (noun) – the act of employing forces/troops into effective action. 17. personnel (noun) – force, staff, employees, workforce. 18. sniper (noun) – someone who shoots from a concealed place accurately and at a long distance. 19. detained (adjective) - imprisoned, jailed, incarcerated. 20. consistent (adjective) - steady, constant, regular. Note: 1. Click each one of the words above for their definition, more synonyms, pronunciation, example sentences, phrases, derivatives, origin and etc from WWW.EDITORIALWORDS.COMhttp://www.oxforddictionaries.com/. 2. Definitions (elementary level) & Synonyms provided for the words above are my personal work and not that of Oxford University Press. Tentative definitions/meanings are provided for study purpose only and they may vary in different context. 3. This word list is for personal use only. Reproduction in any format and/or Commercial use of it is/are strictly prohibited H WORD LIST-2 (FEB 24, 2021) 21. meet with (phrasal verb) - experience a particular situation/reaction; deal with, handle. 22. brutal (adjective) – severe, harsh. 23. crackdown (noun) - getting tough, severe/stern measures, restriction, suppression/repression, clampdown. 24. junta (noun) – a military group that takes over the government by force. 25. popular (adjective) – public, communal, collective, social, societal. 26. resistance (noun) – opposition, confrontation, defiance. 27. saffron revolution, 2007 (noun) - a series of economic and political protests and demonstrations that took place during August, September, and October 2007 in Myanmar. 28. monk (noun) - a male member of a religious order. 29. suppress (verb) – control, contain, restrain. 30. compromise (noun) – agreement, understanding, settlement. 31. transition (noun) – change. 32. last (verb) - survive, endure, hold on, continue, keep going. 33. thanks to (phrase) – as a result of, owing to, due to, because of. 34. power-hungry (adjective) – relating to someone who is having a strong desire for power; aggressive. 35. Tatmadaw (noun) – literally meaning ‘Armed Forces’ in Burmese; Tatmadaw is the official name of the armed forces of Myanmar (Burma). 36. Naypyidaw (proper noun) – the capital city of Myanmar (Burma). 37. decade (noun) – a period of ten years. 38. dictatorship (noun) – totalitarianism, absolute rule, autocracy. 39. consolidate (verb) – bring together, combine, unite, merge, integrate. Note: 1. Click each one of the words above for their definition, more synonyms, pronunciation, example sentences, phrases, derivatives, origin and etc from WWW.EDITORIALWORDS.COMhttp://www.oxforddictionaries.com/. 2. Definitions (elementary level) & Synonyms provided for the words above are my personal work and not that of Oxford University Press. Tentative definitions/meanings are provided for study purpose only and they may vary in different context. 3. This word list is for personal use only. Reproduction in any format and/or Commercial use of it is/are strictly prohibited H WORD LIST-2 (FEB 24, 2021) 40. call for (phrasal verb) - require, need, necessitate, demand. 41. civil disobedience (noun) – the active, professed refusal of a citizen to obey certain laws, demands, orders, or commands of a government. 42. sit-in (noun) – a method of protest in which people gather in a (public) place and remain there protesting continuously until their demands are fulfilled. 43. demonstration (noun) – protest, protest march, sit-in strike, blockade. 44. paralyse (verb) - cripple, disable, stop, bring to a (grinding) halt, put out of action, immobilize/inactivate. 45. hit hard (phrase) – be affected very badly. 46. stand on one’s (own) feet (phrase) – manage, survive, subsist, look after oneself. 47. sanctions (noun) – action taken, or an order given to force a country to obey international laws by limiting or stopping trade with that country, by not allowing economic aid for that country, etc. 48. condemnation (noun) – censure, criticism, castigation, stricture. 49. way out (noun) - answer, solution. 50. architect (noun) - originator, creator, founder. 51. put oneself in (phrasal verb) - assign someone to manage/finish a particular task. 52. repression (noun) – oppression, subjugation, suppression, domination. 53. aspiration (noun) – desire, hope, wish, ambition, goal. 54. stand down (phrasal verb) – withdraw, resign, leave, quit, step down (from a position or office). 55. hand back something (phrasal verb) - to return something back to someone who owns it (previously). Note: 1. Click each one of the words above for their definition, more synonyms, pronunciation, example sentences, phrases, derivatives, origin and etc from WWW.EDITORIALWORDS.COMhttp://www.oxforddictionaries.com/. 2. Definitions (elementary level) & Synonyms provided for the words above are my personal work and not that of Oxford University Press. Tentative definitions/meanings are provided for study purpose only and they may vary in different context. 3. This word list is for personal use only. Reproduction in any format and/or Commercial use of it is/are strictly prohibited .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Birma Na Zakręcie. Zmiany W Kraju Tysiąca Pagód 2007–2014
    BIRMA NA ZAKRĘCIE MIĘDZY DYKTATURĄ A DEMOKRACJĄ BIRMA NA ZAKRĘCIE. ZMIANY W KRAJU TYSIĄCA PAGÓD 2007–2014 „Złoty Budda Mahamuni siedzi w głębi głównej nawy. Na wysokości jego pępka widać rusztowanie, a na nim trzech uwijających się mężczyzn, którzy nieustannymi ruchami PRZEMYSŁAW GASZTOLD-SEŃ rąk jak gdyby poprawiają coś w posągu. [...] Zachęceni przez przewodnika, wdrapujemy pracownik Biura Edukacji Publicznej IPN, się na rusztowanie, ale jedna z belek przywiera tak ściśle do posągu, że aby przejść do doktorant na Wydziale Dziennikarstwa i Nauk Politycznych Uniwersytetu przodu i stanąć oko w oko z Buddą, trzeba na zakręcie oprzeć się rękami o jego ramię. Warszawskiego. Autor książki Konces- Czuję obiema dłońmi gorącą lepkość jakiejś mazi i prześlizgnąwszy się szybko na przedni jonowany nacjonalizm. Zjednoczenie pomost rusztowania, odrywam z instynktownym uczuciem wstrętu ręce od posągu: są Patriotyczne „Grunwald” 1980–1990 ubabrane złotem” – zanotował w maju 1952 r. Gustaw Herling-Grudziński w dzienniku (2012, Nagroda Historyczna „Polityki” z podróży do Birmy1. Od czasu jego wizyty w Mandalaj minęło ponad sześćdziesiąt lat2. za debiut, nominacja do Nagrody Przez ten długi czas posąg Buddy znacznie się rozrósł dzięki płatkom złota przylepianym im. Kazimierza Moczarskiego), współautor tomu Syria During the Cold War. The East codziennie przez setki pielgrzymów. Przywiązania do religii nie podminowały ani rządy European Connection (razem z Janem parlamentarne, ani pół wieku krwawej wojskowej dyktatury. Buddyzm wciąż stanowi Adamcem i Massimilianem Trentinem, najważniejszą wartość i punkt odniesienia dla większości Birmańczyków. 2014). We wrześniu 2007 r. i w listopadzie Jaka jest Birma dzisiaj? Czy po wielu latach autorytarnych rządów generałów wejdzie 2013 r. podróżował po Birmie. na drogę ku demokracji? Czy wydarzenia z ostatnich lat są autentycznym krokiem w stronę reformy systemu? Nie na wszystkie pytania znajdzie się jednoznaczną odpowiedź, ale warto pochylić się nad tym najmniej znanym krajem Azji Południowo-Wschodniej.
    [Show full text]
  • Profile on Implementation of WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in the South-East Asia Region WHO Library Cataloguing-In-Publication Data
    Profile on Implementation of WHO Framework This Profile on the Implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in the South-East Asia Region Convention on Tobacco Control provides an overview of the status of the implementation of the convention in the eleven Member States of the SEA Region. in the South-East Asia Region It highlights some major milestones achieved as well as the challenges faced while implementing tobacco control measures in Member countries. Article 4: Every person will be informed of the health consequences, addictive nature and mortal threat posed by tobacco consumption and Article 11: Each Party shall adopt exposure to tobacco smoke …….. and implement effective measures to ensure that tobacco product Article 8: Parties recognize that packaging ad leveling do not promote exposure to tobacco smoke causes Article 14: Each Party shall develop a tobacco product, and each unit death disease and disability and disseminate appropriate, packet and package carry health ………. each party shall comprehensive, and integrated warnings describing harmful effects of implement measures to protect public guidelines and shall take effective tobacco use……………….. from the exposure to tobacco smoke in measures to promote cessation of indoor workplaces, publicArticle 13: Parties tobaccorecognize use that and a adequate treatment comprehensive ban onfor advertizing, tobacco dependence. promotion and sponsorshipArticle 16:wouldEach Party shall adopt reduce the consumptionand ofimplement tobacco effective measures to products……………...prohibit the sales of tobacco products to persons under the age set by domestic law, national law or eighteen. These measures may incude ISBN 978 92 9022 398 6 World Health House Indraprastha Estate, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, New Delhi-110002, India Website: www.searo.who.int 9789290 223986 Profile on Implementation of WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in the South-East Asia Region WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication data World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia.
    [Show full text]
  • Revitalizing Agriculture in Myanmar
    Revitalizing Agriculture in Myanmar: Breaking Down Barriers, Building a Framework for Growth Prepared for International Development Enterprises | Myanmar DISTRIBUTION, CITATION, OR QUOTATION NOT PERMITTED WITHOUT PERMISSION July 21, 2010 This paper was written by David O. Dapice ([email protected]), Thomas J. Vallely ([email protected]), and Ben Wilkinson ([email protected]) of the Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation at the Harvard Kennedy School and Michael J. Montesano ([email protected]) of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies in Singapore. The views expressed herein are the authors’ alone and do not necessarily reflect those of IDE, the government of the Union of Myanmar, the Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, or the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. We wish to extend our sincere thanks to our colleagues at IDE/Myanmar and the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation for their contributions to the research and for organizing the complex logistics the assessment demanded. Partial funding for the study was provided by the Royal Norwegian Government. Revitalizing Agriculture in Myanmar July 2010 Page 3 of 64 Distribution, Citation, or Quotation Not Permitted Without Permission of IDE TABLE OF CONTENTS MAP | Union of Myanmar ........................................................................................................................... 4 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Report: International Narcotics Control Board for 2011
    REPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL BOARD CICAD Hemispheric Plan of Action on Drugs, estimated to be between 0.3 and 0.4 per cent of the adult 2011-2015, countries in the Americas committed population, corresponding to 850,000-940,000 people themselves to adopt measures to prevent the diversion of aged 15-64. The Plurinational State of Bolivia (0.6 per pharmaceutical preparations used in the illicit cent), Brazil (0.5 per cent) and Chile (0.5 per cent), manufacture of amphetamine-type stimulants. continue to have high rates of opioid abuse. In South America, codeine-based preparations are among the most 5. Abuse and treatment commonly abused opioids. Demand for treatment for opioid abuse in the entire region has remained stable over 537. Cannabis has remained the primary drug of abuse the past few years. In 2009, 9.6 per cent of treatment cases throughout South America. The annual prevalence of were related to opioid abuse. cannabis abuse among the population aged 15-64 years was in the range of 2.9-3.0 per cent in 2009, corresponding to between 7.4 million and 7.6 million C. Asia cannabis abusers. The prevalence of cannabis abuse in South America, as in other regions, tends to be higher East and South-East Asia among youth than among the general population. According to a national survey on drug abuse among 1. Major developments secondary school students published in Uruguay in October 2010, of students who had abused cannabis, 542. Illicit opium poppy cultivation and opium about 40 per cent had abused the substance before the age production continued to increase in East and South-East of 15 years.
    [Show full text]
  • Myths and Risks of the EU-Myanmar Investment Protection Agreement
    POLICY BRIEF | September 2017 Land In Our Hands Myths and risks of the EU-Myanmar Investment Protection Agreement Democracy terests Business In Index Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 4 SECTION 1 Myths surrounding the EU-Myanmar IPA ...................................................... 5 Myth 1: It will bring high levels of European investment and help the country develop ........................................5 Myth 2: It will protect workers’ rights and the environment .......................................................................................5 Myth 3: EU investors will help improve Myanmar’s human rights situation ............................................................7 Myth 4: EU-Myanmar IPA negotiations are far more transparent than other treaties negotiated by Myanmar .8 Myth 5: EU-Myanmar IPA will be just one of many treaties signed by Myanmar ....................................................8 SECTION 2 Risks of signing the EU-Myanmar IPA ............................................................. 9 Risk 1: It will prevent democratic regulatory reform ...................................................................................................9 Risk 2: It will impact on a scarce public budget ............................................................................................................9
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar-Report-On-Situation-Analysis-Of-Population-And-Development-Reproductive
    Report on Situation Analysis of Population and Development, Reproductive Health and Gender in Myanmar July, 2010 Foreword The Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), the Beijing Platform of Action and the Millennium Declaration are international commitments reflecting a common vision of a world free from poverty, illiteracy and HIV/AIDs where all people have information and means to safe and planned reproduction and where women and men enjoy equal rights. Throughout the world, nations strive to fulfill their international obligations and achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). With only five years away from 2015, the target year of achieving ICPD goals and MDGs, Myanmar stands at a crossroads in its endeavour to achieve the Millennium targets. Issued at the 10th anniversary of the Millennium Summit, this situation analysis report provides valuable inputs in reviewing Myanmar’s progress in achieving MDGs. UNFPA has the honour to present a situation analysis of population and development, reproductive health and gender issues in Myanmar. This study, the most comprehensive of its nature to date, serves as a foundation for policy making, strategic planning and programming by Government, NGOs, INGOs, the international community and the UN. The Situation Analysis report has identified the need to strengthen data systems and improve availability and quality of data. A population and housing census should be conducted to obtain comprehensive population and demographic data at the national and sub-national levels. Census data should be disaggregated by age, sex and locality and be gender sensitive to reflect the situation of women and men.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Diversity of Myanmar Cattle Breeds Using Complete Mitochondrial D-Loop Sequence
    D-loop Analysis in Myanmar cattle 〔Original Paper〕 Genetic diversity of Myanmar cattle breeds using complete mitochondrial D-loop sequence Moe LWIN1, Su Lai Yee MON2, Yukio NAGANO1, 3, Kotaro KAWABE4, Hideyuki MANNEN5, Shin OKAMOTO1, 2, Takeshi SHIMOGIRI1, 2 1The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima, Japan 2Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima, Japan 3Analytical Research Center for Experimental Sciences, Saga University, Honjo, Saga, Japan 4Education Center, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima, Japan 5Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan ABSTRACT In Myanmar, native cattle are mainly used for draught. Currently, the available genetic information about them is limited. In this study, complete mtDNA D-loop sequences were analyzed for genetic diversity and differentiation of four popular local breeds – Shwe Ni, Pyar Sein, Ngwar Pyar Ni and Shan Ngwar Pu – and the crossbred population (Holstein Friesian X Myanmar native cattle) among Myanmar’s cattle. From the complete D-loop sequences, 26 polymorphic sites and 27 haplotypes were obtained. All haplotypes (MYAH01 to 27) belonged to two zebu haplogroups of I1 and I2 by the NJ tree and MJ network. A MYAH10 haplotype was major (68%) and common in all breeds and population. Fifteen haplotypes were novel. The haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the four local breeds and crossbred population ranged from 0.193 in Shan Ngwar Pu to 0.832 in the crossbred, and from 0.00051 in Shan Ngwar Pu to 0.00334 in crossbred, respectively. Genetic differentiation among the breeds and population was quite low in the D-loop of Myanmar cattle because the genetic variation among populations (1.4%) was not significant in AMOVA.
    [Show full text]
  • The Situation of Older Persons in Myanmar
    The Situation of Older Persons in Myanmar Results from the 2012 Survey of Older Persons Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement HelpAge International helps older people claim their rights, challenge discrimination and overcome poverty, so that they can lead dignified, secure, active and healthy lives. HelpAge International HelpAge International East Asia/Pacific Regional Office Myanmar Country Office 6 Soi 17, Nimmanhaemin Road No 10, Kanbawza Avenue Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand Shwetaungya Ward No 1, Bahan Township Tel: +66 53 225440, Fax: +66 53 225441 Yangon, Myanmar [email protected] Tel: +951 539 590, Fax: +951 537 539 www.helpage.org Printed 2013 HelpAge International Any parts of this publication may be reproduced for non-profit purposes unless indicated otherwise. Please clearly credit HelpAge International and send us a copy of the reprinted article or a web link. The Situation of Older Persons in Myanmar Results from the 2012 Survey of Older Persons By John Knodel in collaboration with HelpAge International staff Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement Foreword This document is the outcome of a national There is a rapid demographic change occurring research on the situation of older people in all over the world due to high quality health care Myanmar, carried out in 2012. The study was services, a rise in expected human life span, and conducted with the partnership, encouragement a decrease in birth rate as a result of family plan- and facilitation of the Ministry of Social Welfare, ning. Relief and Resettlement, while UNFPA provided The rising older people ratio is an opportunity valuable support and information.
    [Show full text]
  • Engagement of Civil Society
    IDS WORKING PAPER Volume 2018 No 515 What Does Closing Civic Space Mean for Development? A Literature Review and Proposed Conceptual Framework Naomi Hossain, Nalini Khurana, Shandana Mohmand, Sohela Nazneen, Marjoke Oosterom, Tony Roberts, Ricardo Santos, Alex Shankland and Patrick Schröder July 2018 The literature review undertaken for this paper was funded under two separate commissions, for the ACT Alliance and for UK Aid from the UK government. The paper is published in association with the Action for Empowerment and Accountability Research Programme (A4EA). A4EA focuses on fragile, conflict and violence affected settings to ask how social and political action for empowerment and accountability emerges in these contexts, what pathways it takes, and what impacts it has. A4EA is implemented by a consortium consisting of: the Institute of Development Studies (IDS), the Accountability Research Center (ARC), the Collective for Social Science Research (CSSR), the Institute of Development and Economic Alternatives (IDEAS), Itad, Oxfam GB, and the Partnership for African Social and Governance Research (PASGR). Research focuses on five countries: Egypt, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nigeria, and Pakistan. A4EA is funded by UK aid from the UK government. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the official policies of our funders. What Does Closing Civic Space Mean for Development? A Literature Review and Proposed Conceptual Framework Naomi Hossain, Nalini Khurana, Shandana Mohmand, Sohela Nazneen, Marjoke Oosterom, Tony Roberts, Ricardo Santos, Alex Shankland and Patrick Schröder IDS Working Paper 515 © Institute of Development Studies 2018 ISSN: 2040-0209 ISBN: 978-1-78118-463-9 A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library.
    [Show full text]
  • Progress Report 11 Stop TB Partnership Global Drug Facility
    Progress Report 11 Stop TB Partnership Global Drug Facility 1 January 2007 – 31 December 2007 Stop TB Partnership Secretariat Geneva, Switzerland Annual Report 2007 Contents 1.0 SUMMARY 3 2.0 STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENTS 5 3.0 GRANTS OF FREE ANTI-TB DRUGS TO COUNTRIES 7 4.0 DIRECT PROCUREMENT OF DRUGS AND SUPPLIES THROUGH GDF 13 5.0 GDF TECHNICAL SUPPORT FOR DRUG MANAGEMENT 17 6.0 GDF OPERATIONS 19 ANNEX I. GDF PERFORMANCE, PROCESS AND IMPACT INDICATORS 21 ANNEX II. STATEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURE 25 Page 2 of 25 Stop TB Global Drug Facility 1.0 Summary This report covers the activities of the Global TB Drug Facility (GDF) from 1 January to 31 December 2007, which are summarized below. Further details are given in sections 2–6 (and annexes 1 and 2). Grants of free anti-TB drugs to countries GDF continued to provide 3-year grants of free adult, first-line anti-TB drugs for use in DOTS programmes worldwide to countries. In addition, through support from UNITAID 1, GDF offered transitional grants of adult first-line anti-TB drugs to countries facing temporary shortfalls and also continued offering grants of paediatric anti-TB drugs. Seventy-six (76) applications for grants of adult and paediatric anti-TB drugs were reviewed by the GDF Technical Review Committee (TRC), of which sixty-one (61) were recommended for a GDF grant of free anti-TB drugs. These grants represent treatments for 1.01 million patients, at an estimated total cost of 27.7 million US$. Furthermore, during this reporting period, GDF delivered 1 715 858 TB patient treatments to forty-five (45) grant recipients.
    [Show full text]
  • Investment Climate in Myanmar
    Chapter 4 INVESTMENT CLIMATE IN MYANMAR Khin Maung Nyunt INTRODUCTION In analyzing the investment climate, this study focuses primarily on the following components: macroeconomic performance, microeconomic framework, and enabling infrastructures. The primary objective is to learn the current status of the investment climate in Myanmar, providing a summary of business law comprising investment law, property law and mining law and enactments influencing major potential business sectors. Special attention has also been paid to potential areas of development of Japanese investment in Myanmar, which generally forms a substantial part of FDI inflow in manufacturing in other ASEAN economies. The structure of this presentation is as follows: Section 2 highlights special features of business law and its effects on business performance using survey data. It aims to evaluate business perceptions on the current status of the business environment and its performance in Myanmar focusing on ‘delivery gaps’ between business needs and government provisions in the presence of market economy. In section 3, we explain data, methodology, achievements and challenges of the business sector. Section 4 presents ‘enabling infrastructures’. Silent features of Japanese investment in Myanmar are summarized in Section 5. Findings and suggestions are provided in the concluding section. 101 1. MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE A host country’s economic stability generally allows business to operate in a more predictable investment climate which in turn leads to a relatively secure investment position in the economy. The results of macroeconomic policy coordination are often viewed as effects on outputs, employment and prices on the one hand and productivity and efficiency on the other. Among other performance indicators, the consumer price index (CPI) is usually often used to measure a country’s inflation rate creating pressures on the costs of raw materials and logistics.
    [Show full text]
  • Neither Saffron Nor Revolution
    Institut für Asien- und Afrikawissenschaften Philosophische Fakultät III der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin NEITHER SAFFRON NOR REVOLUTION A Commentated and Documented Chronology of the Monks’ Demonstrations in Myanmar in 2007 and their Background PART I Hans-Bernd Zöllner Südostasien Working Papers No. 36 Berlin 2009 Hans-Bernd Zöllner NEITHER SAFFRON NOR REVOLUTION A Commentated and Documented Chronology of the Monks’ Demonstrations in Myanmar in 2007 and their Background PART I Südostasien Working Papers No. 36 Berlin 2009 SÜDOSTASIEN Working Papers ISSN: 1432-2811 published by the Department of Southeast Asian Studies Humboldt-University Unter den Linden 6 10999 Berlin, Germany Tel. +49-30-2093 6620 Fax +49-30-2093 6649 Email: [email protected] Cover photograph: Ho. (Picture Alliance / Picture Press) Layout: Eva Streifeneder The Working Papers do not necessarily express the views of the editors or the Institute of Asian and African Studies. Alt- hough the editors are responsible for their selection, responsibility for the opinions expressed in the Papers rests with the aut- hors. Any kind of reproduction without permission is prohibited. CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 6 FOREWORD 7 1 INTRODUCTION 9 2 GLIMPSES INTO HISTORY: ECONOMICS, PROTESTS AND STUDENTS 12 2.0 From 1824 to 1988 – In Fast Motion 12 2.1 From 1988 to 2007 16 3 FROM AUGUST 15 TO SEPTEMBER 5 25 3.0 Narration of Events 25 3.1 The Media 28 3.2 Summary and Open Questions 29 4 PAKOKKU 35 4.0 Preliminary Remarks 35 4.1 Undisputed facts 35 4.2 On the Coverage of the Events
    [Show full text]