Antarctic Whale Journey Aboard the Ocean Endeavour
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Así Nació Ushuaia. Orígenes De La Ciudad Más Austral Del Mundo1
Dossier. Reflexiones en torno a los estudios sobre Territorios Nacionales Así nació Ushuaia. Orígenes de la ciudad más austral del mundo1 Aroldo Canclini** LA VIDA EN EL FIN DEL MUNDO (1869-1884) Aunque en Ushuaia la vida tenía mucho de rutinario, la forma en que transcurrían las cosas en la población más austral del mundo merece ser consignada brevemente. Los recuerdos de los hijos de los misioneros -Lucas Bridges en su hermoso libro y su hermano Guillermo oralmente- son coincidentes y demuestran cómo quedaron marcados por aquella experiencia. El horario cotidiano cambió varias veces durante los años, pero podemos dar como ejemplo el que regía para el verano de 1876. Todos se levantaban a las cinco menos veinte y, antes de desayunarse a las seis, los misioneros dedicaban un rato a la lectura de la Biblia y a la oración en conjunto. A la hora citada, tocaba una campana para llamar a los indígenas quienes, luego de comer, se dedicaban a sus trabajos. Algunos cuidaban las cabras y vacas que se utilizaban para el consumo y otros cultivaban las huertas que todos tenían detrás de su casita. En algunas ocasiones, se construían cercos o caminos, por ejemplo desde la iglesia hasta la playa. De nueve a diez, se celebraba un culto para implorar la bendición divina durante el día y luego se daba alguna enseñanza a los hombres y mujeres, que después volvían a su trabajo. A la una de la tarde otra campana llamaba a almorzar y de dos a cinco y media se trabajaba nuevamente. Los sábados a la tarde y los domingos eran días de descanso. -
GSA TODAY • Southeastern Section Meeting, P
Vol. 5, No. 1 January 1995 INSIDE • 1995 GeoVentures, p. 4 • Environmental Education, p. 9 GSA TODAY • Southeastern Section Meeting, p. 15 A Publication of the Geological Society of America • North-Central–South-Central Section Meeting, p. 18 Stability or Instability of Antarctic Ice Sheets During Warm Climates of the Pliocene? James P. Kennett Marine Science Institute and Department of Geological Sciences, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106 David A. Hodell Department of Geology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 ABSTRACT to the south from warmer, less nutrient- rich Subantarctic surface water. Up- During the Pliocene between welling of deep water in the circum- ~5 and 3 Ma, polar ice sheets were Antarctic links the mean chemical restricted to Antarctica, and climate composition of ocean deep water with was at times significantly warmer the atmosphere through gas exchange than now. Debate on whether the (Toggweiler and Sarmiento, 1985). Antarctic ice sheets and climate sys- The evolution of the Antarctic cryo- tem withstood this warmth with sphere-ocean system has profoundly relatively little change (stability influenced global climate, sea-level his- hypothesis) or whether much of the tory, Earth’s heat budget, atmospheric ice sheet disappeared (deglaciation composition and circulation, thermo- hypothesis) is ongoing. Paleoclimatic haline circulation, and the develop- data from high-latitude deep-sea sed- ment of Antarctic biota. iments strongly support the stability Given current concern about possi- hypothesis. Oxygen isotopic data ble global greenhouse warming, under- indicate that average sea-surface standing the history of the Antarctic temperatures in the Southern Ocean ocean-cryosphere system is important could not have increased by more for assessing future response of the Figure 1. -
36. Comparison of Winter and Summer Growth Stages of the Diatom Eucampia Antarctica from the Kerguelen Plateau and South of the Antarctic Convergence Zone1
Barron, J., Larsen, B., et al., 1991 Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Vol. 119 36. COMPARISON OF WINTER AND SUMMER GROWTH STAGES OF THE DIATOM EUCAMPIA ANTARCTICA FROM THE KERGUELEN PLATEAU AND SOUTH OF THE ANTARCTIC CONVERGENCE ZONE1 Greta A. Fryxell2 ABSTRACT On ODP Leg 119, specimens collected of Eucampia antarctica (Castracane) Mangin var. antarctica exhibited mor- phological and distribution patterns that contrasted with those of Eucampia antarctica var. recta (Mangin) G. Fryxell et Prasad. E. antarctica var. antarctica was found over the northern Kerguelen Plateau, north of the summer Antarctic Convergence Zone, in the subpolar plankton and in the sediments. E. antarctica var. recta was found close to the conti- nent in Prydz Bay. It was also collected near and under the ice in the northern Weddell Sea on a National Science Foun- dation Division of Polar Programs project (1983-1988). A key feature for distinguishing the two varieties in the field is the growth habit, with curvature in broad girdle view of the nominate, subpolar variety in both the winter stage and the more lightly silicified summer stage. A low ratio of terminal to intercalary valves results from the repeated division of the original doublets into chains of considerable length of the winter stage. Small spines around the elevations of one valve serve to clasp the sibling valve and maintain the chain formation. Cells of E. antarctica var. recta tend to be somewhat larger than E. antarctica var. antarctica, and they form chains that are straight in broad girdle view but slightly curved in narrow girdle view. -
Antarctic Primer
Antarctic Primer By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller Designed by: Olivia Young, Aurora Expeditions October 2018 Cover image © I.Tortosa Morgan Suite 12, Level 2 35 Buckingham Street Surry Hills, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia To anyone who goes to the Antarctic, there is a tremendous appeal, an unparalleled combination of grandeur, beauty, vastness, loneliness, and malevolence —all of which sound terribly melodramatic — but which truly convey the actual feeling of Antarctica. Where else in the world are all of these descriptions really true? —Captain T.L.M. Sunter, ‘The Antarctic Century Newsletter ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 3 CONTENTS I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Guidance for Visitors to the Antarctic Antarctica’s Historic Heritage South Georgia Biosecurity II. THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Antarctica The Southern Ocean The Continent Climate Atmospheric Phenomena The Ozone Hole Climate Change Sea Ice The Antarctic Ice Cap Icebergs A Short Glossary of Ice Terms III. THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Life in Antarctica Adapting to the Cold The Kingdom of Krill IV. THE WILDLIFE Antarctic Squids Antarctic Fishes Antarctic Birds Antarctic Seals Antarctic Whales 4 AURORA EXPEDITIONS | Pioneering expedition travel to the heart of nature. CONTENTS V. EXPLORERS AND SCIENTISTS The Exploration of Antarctica The Antarctic Treaty VI. PLACES YOU MAY VISIT South Shetland Islands Antarctic Peninsula Weddell Sea South Orkney Islands South Georgia The Falkland Islands South Sandwich Islands The Historic Ross Sea Sector Commonwealth Bay VII. FURTHER READING VIII. WILDLIFE CHECKLISTS ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 5 Adélie penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Antarctica is the largest wilderness area on earth, a place that must be preserved in its present, virtually pristine state. -
Book Reviews
Book Reviews Colin Brooker. The Shell Builders: Tab- preservation consultant, has provided by Architecture of Beaufort, South Car- it. Brooker explores tabby from every olina, and the Sea Islands. Columbia, conceivable angle, including its chem- SC: University of South Carolina Press, istry, antecedents, variants, history, www.sc.edu/uscpress, 2020. 320 pp., and literature, and writes with winning illustrations, notes, bibliography, index. ease. His research is impeccable, and US $39.99, paper; ISBN 978-1-64336- his knowledge of the material profound. 072-0. He has seemingly investigated every surviving remnant of the stuff, from Coastal concrete, or tabby, as they call it an old foundation repurposed under a in the Carolina and Georgia Lowcoun- Daufuskie Island lighthouse to a crum- try. No history-minded traveler there bling chimney base situated by a Hil- can miss it—that delightfully practical ton Head baseball diamond. But even concoction of lime, sand, and oyster more interesting than Brooker’s archi- shell that was used to erect brooding tectural knowledge, is his cast of char- river forts, plantation big houses, slave acters—“landowners … sea captains, dwellings, barns, sugar mills, cisterns, pirates, merchants and speculators, rice gates, seawalls, and box tombs. politicians, governors, an occasional Tabby was fashioned from the ocean’s clergyman, one or two signers of the bounty and spread largely by means Declaration of Independence, several of naval power. Surviving examples, heiresses … and women widowed with backgrounded by spreading marsh, fortunes large enough to fuel ambitions placid estuaries, and moss-hung live of suitors and new husbands alike.” (9) oaks eloquently conjure up a culture Who knew that such a modest com- tuned to its distinctive environment. -
Malvinas Y El Mundo: Registros Portuarios Históricos De Las Islas (1826-1832 Y 1842-1914)
Malvinas y el mundo: registros portuarios históricos de las islas (1826-1832 y 1842-1914) [Sofía Clara Haller] prohistoria año XXIII, núm. 34 - dic. 2020 Prohistoria, Año XXIII, núm. 34, dic. 2020, ISSN 1851-9504 Malvinas y el mundo: registros portuarios históricos de las islas (1826-1832 y 1842-1914)* Malvinas and the World: Historical Shipping Registers of the Islands (1826- 1832 and 1842-1914) SOFÍA CLARA HALLER Resumen Abstract Los registros históricos de entradas y salidas de The historical shipping records of the Malvinas navíos de la costa malvinense permiten explorar Islands coasts allow us to explore the maritime las conexiones navieras del archipiélago entre connections that the archipelago had between 1826 y 1914. La reconstrucción de dichas 1826 and 1914. The reconstruction of such conexiones integrada con información connections, integrated with heterogeneous heterogénea proveniente de distintos information from different archives and repositorios documentales y de bases de datos databases of historical voyages, makes it de viajes históricos, hace posible visibilizar las possible to identify the activities and needs that actividades y necesidades que convocaban a los barcos a las islas Malvinas, los distintos actores brought ships to the Malvinas Islands, the que formaron parte de su historia, el cambio de different actors that were part of their history, las relaciones marítimas de las islas antes y the change in the maritime relation before and después de la ocupación británica de 1833 y las after the British occupation of 1833, and the conexiones internacionales del archipiélago con international connections of the archipelago puntos de la Patagonia continental y el estrecho with different points in continental Patagonia de Magallanes. -
6 July 2006 Excellency, You Will Recall That in My Letter of 26 January 2006 I Announced the Designation of Ambassador Enrique B
6 July 2006 Excellency, You will recall that in my letter of 26 January 2006 I announced the designation of Ambassador Enrique Berruga of Mexico and Ambassador Peter Maurer of Switzerland as Co-Chairs of the Informal Consultative Process on the Institutional Framework for the UN’s Environmental Activities. As I announced during the meeting held on 27 June 2006, I am herewith sending you their summary of the process. Ambassador Berruga and Ambassador Maurer have carried out these informal consultations in an efficient and fruitful manner and in close cooperation with Member States. I am very grateful for all the work they have done and the skilful leadership they have provided in the course of this process. I would also like to thank Member States for engaging so seriously throughout the consultations. I know that your deliberations have been most constructive and that discussions have been conducted in a very positive spirit. We can all agree on the importance of the work carried out in this process and I believe that much progress has been achieved. You have identified key areas where there is common ground and a deeper understanding has emerged with respect to those issues requiring more work in the future. All Permanent Representatives and Permanent Observers to the United Nations New York 2(2) It is therefore important to explore further our options for improving the environmental work of the UN in order for the Organization to be better equipped to help protect the environment around the globe. It is my understanding that there is considerable interest amongst delegations in seeing this process continue and move forward into the next session of the General Assembly. -
The Southern Ocean 118 Worldwide Review of Bottom Fisheries in the High Seas
THE SOUTHERN OCEAN 118 Worldwide review of bottom fisheries in the high seas 30°W 15°W 0° 15°E 30°E °S °S 10 10 47 °S a n t i c °S A t l O c e a 20 n 20 t h o u 41 S Bouvet Prince Edward 51 Island Islands R i d i a g So t e ut S o hern Crozet °S c O o °S S South Georgia ce 30 Island an Islands u 30 t h 48 I n d Kerguelen e Islands g i id a McDonald R g Islands r n Weddell e Heard b Sea Island ss u O 5858 a -G en c el u e rg Bellingshausen e a K 87 n 87 Sea Davis Amundsen Sea n a Sea e c S O o n Ross r e u h S Sea t t outh u o h e 88 S rn O P c ea a n c i °S f °S i M 30 c 30 a O c c qu Macquarie e a a r Island 81 n ie R 57 i d g e °S °S 20 20 Tasman 77 Sea °S °S 10 150°W 165°W 180° 165°E 150°E 10 Antarctic Convergence FAO Fishing Areas 200 nautical miles arcs CCAMLR Regulatory Area Map Projection: Lambert Azimuthal equal area FAO, 2008 MAP 1 The Southern Ocean 119 Southern Ocean FAO Statistical Areas 48, 58 and 88 GEOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF THE REGION The Southern Ocean surrounds the continent of Antarctica, and constitutes about 15 percent of the world’s total ocean surface (CCAMLR, 2000). -
The Polar Regions
TEACHING DOSSIER 1 ENGLISH, GEOGRAPHY, SCIENCE, ECONOMICS THE POLAR REGIONS ANTARCTIC, ARCTIC, GEOGRAPHY, CLIMATE, FAUNA, FLORA, CLIMATE CHANGE, THREATS, CONSERVATION NORTH POLE SOUTH POLE 2 dossier CZE N° 1 THEORY SECTION THE ARCTIC AND ANTARCTIC The Arctic and the Antarctic have a number of points in common: low temperatures, darkness that lasts for several weeks or months in winter, and magnificent expanses of ice... There are several different types of ice1, including sea ice, which is ice that contains salt, and ice caps and icebergs, which consist solely of freshwater ice. How- ever, once we get past these initial similarities, it doesn’t take long to realise that the Arctic and the Antarctic are two totally different regions. THE ARCTIC - Frozen ocean surrounded by land - North Pole: located approximately in the centre of the Arctic Ocean - Ocean covered to a large extent by permanent sea ice - Holds almost 10% of all the Earth’s continental ice (7% of the world’s reserves of freshwater) - Outer limit: place where the temperature never exceeds 10°C during the warmest month (July) - Area: 21 million km2 (14 million km2 of which is the Arctic Ocean) Ice drift Maximum extent of the sea ice in summer Maximum extent of the sea ice in winter Outer limit of the Arctic 10°C Figure 1: Outer limit of the Arctic and seasonal variation of the sea ice The Arctic Ocean is bordered by broad, shallow continental plates and consists of two main basins (4 km deep on average) separated by a range of underwater mountains: the Lomonosov Ridge, which joins the north of Greenland to the New Siberia Archipelago along a line that runs close to the North Pole. -
Isla De Los Estados Su Patrimonio Natural Y Cultural
R e s e r v a P r o v i n c i a l Isla De Los Estados Su Patrimonio Natural y Cultural Sistema Provincial de Áreas Naturales Protegidas Provincia de Tierra del Fuego Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur Provincia de Tierra del Fuego Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur Hlopec, Ricardo Reserva provincial Isla de los Estados : su patrimonio natural y cultural / Ricardo Hlopec y Nora Loekemeyer ; con colaboración de Silvia Gigli ... [et.al.]. - 1a ed. - : Secretaria de Desarrollo Sustentable y Ambiente. Dirección de Areas Protegidas y Biodiversidad. Ushuaia, 2009. 40 p. ; 30x21 cm. - (Sistema Provincial de áreas protegidas; 2) ISBN 978-950-9427-22-8 1. Recursos Naturales. 2. Reservas. 3. Conservación. I. Loekemeyer, Nora II. Gigli, Silvia, colab. III. Título CDD 333.951 6 Fecha de catalogación: 13/07/2009 © 2009 Dirección de Áreas Protegidas y Biodiversidad. Secretaría de Desarrollo Sustentable y Ambiente. Autores: Ricardo Hlopec y Nora Loekemeyer Colaboradores | Silvia Gigli (Dirección de Áreas Protegidas y Biodiversidad), Martín Vázquez (MFM), Roberto Agüero (Dirección de Catastro. Departamento Sistema Información Geográfico), Andrea Raya Rey (CADIC) y Germán Palé (FVSA). Agradecimientos | Agradecemos la colaboración prestada por los siguientes organismos y personas, sin la cual no hubiese sido posible realizar esta publicación: Dirección de Catastro y Dirección de Planeamiento Estratégico del Ministerio de Economía Museo Provincial del Fin del Mundo (MFM), Instituto Fueguino de Turismo (Infuetur), Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC), Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina (FVSA), Miguel Isla, Graciela Ortíz, Ilde Lizarralde, Marcelo Sakayan, Patricia Mosti, Adrián Schiavini, Flavio Quintana, Augusto Máspero, Fabricio Iriarte, Gustavo Valdéz, Teresa Rosas de la Fuente, Juan Carlos Rokich, Luis Bala, Mark Royo Celano, Andrés Johnson, Osvaldo Peralta, Carlos Vairo, Gustavo Aparicio y Gustavo Piaggio. -
Antarctic Animation: Gestures and Lines Describe a Changing Environment
Antarctic Animation: Gestures and lines describe a changing environment By Lisa Roberts A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy College of Fine Arts, The University of New South Wales. October 2010 Dedication I dedicate this work with love to my children Josef and Katherine, grandchildren Joshua and Benjamin, and to my teachers Lenton Parr, Simon Pockley and Kathryn Yeo. i Abstract The need to engage the public with accurate information about climate change is urgent. Antarctica has become the focus of research for scientists and artists who seek to understand the complex forces at work. Different perceptions of Antarctica are surveyed. These perceptions are expressed through data sets, art works, dances, words, tones of voice and gestures. An iconography of primal gestural forms is iden- tified that has been used since pre-history to make visible expressions of connection to the natural world. The primary research methodology is practice-based. Interviews with expedi- tioners, online responses and improvised movement workshops are used as sources for animations and art works. Animated forms arise from circling, spiraling, and crossing gestures. These ancient choreographies describe the dynamic structures that shape the Antarctic ecosystem and reflect structures within the body through which they are generated. Animations are presented at international conferences and exhibitions of Antarc- tic arts and sciences. An online log is used to display the animations and invite responses. The responses are evaluated. Archetypal gestural forms are found to expand the meaning of climate change data. Recognition of these primal forms (as body knowledge) is found to add a dimension of meaning to scientific information that is an essential component of accurate communication. -
Chapter 6 Antarctic Oceanography the Region of the World Ocean Bordering on Antarctica Is Unique in Many Respects. First of All
Chapter 6 Antarctic oceanography The region of the world ocean bordering on Antarctica is unique in many respects. First of all, it is the only region where the flow of water can continue all around the globe nearly unhindered and the circulation therefore comes closest to the situation in the atmosphere. Secondly, the permanent thermocline (the interface z = H(x,y) of Figure 3.1) reaches the surface in the Subtropical Convergence (Figure 5.5) and does not extend into the polar regions; temperature differences between the sea surface and the ocean floor close to the continent are below 1°C and generally do not exceed 5°C, i.e. 20% of the difference found in 1 the tropics (Figure 6.1). What this means is that our 1 /2 layer ocean model cannot be applied to the seas around Antarctica. Fig. 6.1. Temperature profiles for different climatic regions near 150°W (Pacific Ocean). (a) tropical (5°S), (b) subtropical (35°S), (c) subpolar (50°S), (d) polar (55°S). The temperature scale is correct for the polar profile; other profiles are shifted successively by 1°C. Note the shallowness of the warm surface layer and the absence of the permanent thermocline in the polar region. Data from Osborne et al. (1991). It may seem strange that having spent five chapters on a discussion of temperate and tropical ocean dynamics, we now begin our regional discussion with a region that does not fit the earlier picture. However, our earlier discussion is not entirely irrelevant; it taught us how to get an idea of a region's dynamics by identifying the important forces and looking at their balance.