Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

Version 2.0

Prepared on 16/8/2018

Research and Development Committee, Diocesan Building & Development Commission [email protected] Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION ...... 3 2. TYPES OF PHOTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTATION ...... 4 2.1. Basic documentation ...... 4 2.2. 360° rotational images ...... 5 3. EQUIPMENT AND SOFTWARE ...... 6 3.1. General Equipment ...... 6 3.2. Equipment for Basic Documentation ...... 7 3.3. Equipment for Turntable 360° ...... 8 3.4. Equipment for Compass 360° ...... 9 3.5. Software ...... 9 4. PHOTO TAKING ...... 10 4.1. Basic documentation ...... 10 4.2. Turntable 360° ...... 12 4.3. Compass 360° ...... 19 5. POST-PROCESSING ...... 27 5.1. Basic documentation ...... 27 5.2. 360° rotational images ...... 30 5.3. Combination of photographs to create 360° images ...... 36 6. PUBLISHING (FOR 360° IMAGES ONLY) ...... 43 6.1. Uploading to Server Using FTP ...... 43 6.2. Uploading to Server Using SFTP ...... 44 6.3. Embedding Your File Within an Existing Webpage ...... 45 7. INVENTORYING ...... 46 8. SUMMARY OF TIME REQUIREMENT ...... 49 9. GLOSSARY ...... 50 10. REFERENCES ...... 51

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

TABLE OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Workflow for photographic documentation of artefacts...... 3

Figure 2.1 Basic photographic documentation (created by the study)...... 4

Figure 2.2 Close-up shot to show the inscriptions on the artefact...... 4

Figure 2.3 360° rotating object photograph. (https://www.pressrelease.com/files/3e/03/e22e7518f4df09a3c35b3a92081c.jpg) ...... 5

Figure 2.4 Turntable 360 approacch (created by the study)...... 5

Figure 2.5 Compass 360° approach (created by the study)...... 5

Figure 3.1 A self-made photographic scale...... 7

Figure 3.2 Resene Multi-finish range colour chart, one of the possible colour charts to be used. .. 7

Figure 3.3 The turntable bought from Taobao...... 8

Figure 3.4 A non-electrical turntable with engraved markings on the side (https://imajize.squarespace.com/360-photography-turntable/simple-spin)...... 8

Figure 4.1 The zoom ring on a lens (http://download.nikonimglib.com/archive2/2htIC00CwVFh02W66Sw51rtmT598/AFS18- 140_3.5-5.6GEDVR_CH(6C_DL)03.pdf)...... 11

Figure 4.2 The virtual horizon tool on a camera (Nikon D7500) (https://onlinemanual.nikonimglib.com/d7500/en/24_menu_guide_06_08.html)...... 11

Figure 4.3 The A-M mode switch on a lens (http://download.nikonimglib.com/archive2/2htIC00CwVFh02W66Sw51rtmT598/AFS18- 140_3.5-5.6GEDVR_CH(6C_DL)03.pdf)...... 16

Figure 4.4 The actual set-up when doing shooting for the Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes at the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception...... 21

Figure 4.5 The position of the 3 legs of the tripod (http://www.foundphotography.com/2006/03/how-to-make-spinning-vehicle-photography/). .... 26

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

1. Introduction This is a guide to teach you how to do photographic documentation for artefacts of the Catholic Church in Hong Kong. It covers the whole workflow from the preparation of equipment to the inventory of the photographs.

You shall follow the following workflow:

Set the Prepare the Take environment equipment photographs up

Photoshop Create 360° Publish your the photos images 360° image

Inventory the photogrpahs and images

Figure 1.1 Workflow for photographic documentation of artefacts.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

2. Types of photographic documentation There are 2 types of photography required for the documentation of artefacts.

2.1. Basic documentation All artefacts inventoried shall be accompanied with a basic photographic documentation set of 3 photos: one from the front, one from the side, and one from the top (Figure 2.1). If the back or the opposite side are very distinctive, they might also require an extra shot. If there are special details on the artefact, e.g. an inscription, a relief of the Saints, or major traces of damage, they should also receive extra close-up shots.

Figure 2.1 Basic photographic documentation (created by the study).

Figure 2.2 Close-up shot to show the inscriptions on the artefact.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

2.2. 360° rotational images Apart from normal photographs, 360° rotating images might also be required for documentation and exhibition. The range of church artefacts which might require a 360° rotating image is broad. There are thus 2 approaches you may choose to make 360° rotating images.

Figure 2.3 360° rotating object photograph. (https://www.pressrelease.com/files/3e/03/e22e7518f4df09a3c35b3a92081c.jpg)

2.2.1. Turntable 360° – Small Movable Objects For movable artefacts with width and length smaller than 18cm, you should adopt the Turntable 360° approach (Figure 2.2). All you will need to do is to put the artefact on an automatic turntable and take photographs at regular time intervals.

Figure 2.4 Turntable 360 approacch (created by the study).

2.2.2. Compass 360° – Large Movable Objects or Immovable Objects For movable artefacts with width or length exceeding 18cm, you should adopt the Compass 360° approach (Figure 2.3). This is a bit more complicated, requiring you to mark a compass or part of a compass on the ground to determine the angular intervals before taking the photographs.

Figure 2.5 Compass 360° approach (created by the study).

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

3. Equipment and Software As there are 2 approaches for taking 360° rotating object photographs, there are also 2 sets of equipment required correspondingly, as well as some common equipment.

3.1. General Equipment Equipment required for both approaches are as follows:

• Computer with at least the following configuration: o Windows (Windows 7 (SP1) or later): Intel® Core 2 or AMD Athlon® 64 processor; 2 GHz or faster processor, ≥2 GB of RAM, 2.6 GB or more of available hard-disk space, 1024 x 768 display, OpenGL 2.0-capable system. o macOS: Multicore Intel processor with 64-bit support, 2 GB or more of RAM, 4 GB or more of available hard-disk space, 1024 x 768 display, OpenGL 2.0- capable system.

• Digital camera with the following functionalities: o Manual mode which allows you to fix an aperture, shutter speed and ISO value combination throughout all photographs in a set. o (Preferred) Interval shooting mode which allows you to take pictures at regular interval. o A photograph resolution of at least 5 megapixels. o A lens with a 35mm equivalent focal length of 50mm or above is recommended. o The camera Nikon D7500 with the lens AF-S DX NIKKOR 18-140mm f/3.5-5.6G ED VR, costing ~HK$10,000, was used in the demonstrations.

• Photographic tripod with the following function: o The tripod head must be rotatable to allow for different shooting angles. o It should be designed to take a weight heavier than the chosen camera. o The tripod Hama Star 75, costing ~HK$200, was used in the demonstrations.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

3.2. Equipment for Basic Documentation The following equipment are required specifically for Basic documentation:

• Photographic scale with the following specifications: o Black and white interval of 10cm.

Figure 3.1 A self-made photographic scale.

• Colour chart with the following specifications: o The colour codes are translatable into RGB format.

Figure 3.2 Resene Multi-finish range colour chart, one of the possible colour charts to be used.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

3.3. Equipment for Turntable 360° The following equipment are required specifically for Turntable 360°:

• Electrical turntable with the following requirement: o A steady speed of rotation, preferably a period of more than 30 seconds, so that photographs would not be blurry. o A turntable with diameter 25cm from Taobao, costing ~HK$150, was used in the demonstrations.

Figure 3.3 The turntable bought from Taobao.

• Optionally, you may choose a non-electrical turntable. o It is similar to the what you see inside a microwave oven, except that you have to ensure that the top piece will not slide sideways on the rail. o It is recommended that at least 30 markings of equal intervals be made on the periphery.

Figure 3.4 A non-electrical turntable with engraved markings on the side (https://imajize.squarespace.com/360-photography-turntable/simple-spin).

• 2 pieces of A1 black paper to cover the ground and the sky • 6 pieces of A3 black cardboard and 18 binder clips with a width of 50mm OR a big piece of black cloth plus some kind of rectangular frame to support it

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

• (optional) Continuous photographic lights to provide better lighting and create more appropriate shadows.

3.4. Equipment for Compass 360° The following equipment are required specifically for Compass 360°:

• A rope to act as a protractor to mark equidistant points and draw a circle. • A chalk or opaque tapes to mark the locations for photography.

3.5. Software The following software are required for both approaches.

• Adobe Photoshop CC o This billed photo editing software (HK$148/month, quoted on 14 August 2018) is mainly used 1) For removal of the background of the photographs because there might still be unwanted parts seen in the black background; 2) For finetuning of exposure and contrast in the original photographs. o You can download this software here: https://www.adobe.com/hk_en/creativecloud/plans.html

• WebRotate 360 SpotEditor v3.5 o This freeware produces 360° rotating image from raw photographs and provides a viewer in an html file. o It exports a folder containing all the resources needed, including an index html file with the viewer. o The end product can be viewed on any common web browser. o You can download this freeware here: https://www.webrotate360.com/products/webrotate-360-product-viewer.aspx

• Microsoft Access o This software allows you to build a database. It is useful for inventorying the artefact collection. o You can purchase this software here: https://products.office.com/en/access

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

4. Photo taking

4.1. Basic documentation

4.1.1. Preparation (typically taking around 2 minutes)

1. Find a well-illuminated table/desk (if the artefacts are small to medium-sized). Find a well-illuminated floor (if the artefacts are large). 2. If possible, lay a piece of black/white cloth/paper on top of the table/desk/floor. 3. If possible, erect a background (a piece of paper/cloth/cardboard) of the same colour as the piece of cloth/paper.

4.1.2. Photo shooting (typically taking around 5 minutes per artefact)

1. Place the artefact on top of the piece of cloth/paper. 2. If the identity code of the artefact is known, write it down on a card. 3. Find a colour on the colour chart which best resembles the major colour of the artefact. Stay on that page. 4. Erect the photographic scale, the colour chart and the identity code card next to the artefact.

5. Hold the camera perpendicular to the artefact, facing it frontally.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

6. Rotate the zoom ring (Figure 4.1) or choose a prime lens so that the 35mm (full-frame) equivalent focal length is at least 50mm. That would translate into a minimum focal length of 35mm on an APS-C camera.

Figure 4.1 The zoom ring on a lens (http://download.nikonimglib.com/archive2/2htIC00CwVFh02W66Sw51rtmT598/AFS18- 140_3.5-5.6GEDVR_CH(6C_DL)03.pdf).

7. Use shutter priority mode (usually abbreviated as S or Tv) and set a shutter speed not slower than 80mm to ensure that the photograph will not be blurry. 8. If there is a virtual horizon tool, use it to ensure the camera is not tilted (Figure 4.2).

Figure 4.2 The virtual horizon tool on a camera (Nikon D7500) (https://onlinemanual.nikonimglib.com/d7500/en/24_menu_guide_06_08.html).

9. Press the shutter release button to take a photograph from the front. 10. Rotate the artefact 90° to show the side (or you walk to that side) and repeat steps 4, 5 and 8 to take a photograph from the side. 11. If the back or other sides are distinctive, rotate the artefact to those side(s) (or you walk to those side(s)) and repeat steps 4, 5 and 8 to take extra shots. 12. If the artefact could be easily and safely laid down, lay it down and repeat steps 5-6 to take a “top view”. Otherwise, if the artefact is not too tall, raise the camera above the artefact and take a top view. Otherwise, skip the top view. 13. If there are special details on the artefact, turn the zoom ring to zoom in and repeat step 8 to take extra close-up photographs.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

4.2. Turntable 360°

4.2.1. Preparation (typically taking less than 8 minutes)

4.2.1.1. Set up of a black chamber (typically taking not more than 5 minutes)

1. Turn on all lights in the room. 2. Cover the top of the turntable with a black piece of paper. You might also spray or paint the top of the turntable black instead. 3. Lay a piece of A1 black paper on the floor or on a table. 4. Put the turntable on top of the black piece of paper. 5. Connect the turntable to a power source. 6. Attach a binder clip to one side of the bottom of the black A3 cardboards in portrait format. Repeat it 5 more times.

7. Attach another binder clip to the other side of the bottom of the A3 cardboards. Repeat it 5 more times.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

8. Join 2 A3 cardboards together to make a cardboard roughly A2 in size by adding binder clips to the bottom and to the top. Repeat this 2 more times.

9. Place these 3 sets of A3 cardboards around the turntable in a C-shaped configuration, with the power cord for the turntable going through one of the corners. If the cardboards cannot stand straight, you might use tapes to fix them.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

10. If the object to be shot is reflective, e.g. a gold-plated chalice, add another piece of black paper on top of the current set-up.

4.2.1.2. Set up of the tripod (typically taking 3 minute)

11. Put the artefact on the turntable. Try your best to centre it. 12. Set up the tripod so that the head of the tripod is roughly at the same level as the artefact. 13. Attach the camera to the tripod head. 14. Switch on the camera. 15. Set the focal length or choose a prime lens so that the 35mm (full-frame) equivalent focal length is at least 50mm. That would translate into a minimum focal length of 35mm on an APS-C camera. Usually, it is preferred to use a focal length of more than 100mm because the tripod can then be placed farther from the artefact, thus preventing the tripod and the camera from taking up a prominent place in the reflections if the artefact is reflective. 16. Move the tripod and rotate the camera head so that the artefact is all inside the image frame. Ideally, the artefact should occupy around 1/2 to 2/3 or the height of the image frame. 17. Turn on the turntable and let it rotate for one period to ensure that the artefact is inside the image frame throughout the rotation. If it is not, turn the camera head again or adjust the tripod height and tripod position.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

4.2.2. Photo shooting (typically taking 2 minute per photograph)

1. Put the artefact on the turntable. Try your best to centre it.

2. Set up the tripod so that the head of the tripod is roughly at the same level as the artefact. 3. Attach the camera to the tripod head. 4. Switch on the camera. 5. Switch to Live View mode, i.e. using the large LCD monitor instead of the viewfinder.

(https://onlinemanual.nikonimglib.com/d7500/en/06_basic_01.html)

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

6. Set the focal length or choose a prime lens so that the 35mm (full-frame) equivalent focal length is at least 50mm. That would translate into a minimum focal length of 35mm on an APS-C camera. Usually, it is preferred to use a focal length of more than 100mm because the tripod can then be placed farther from the artefact, thus preventing the tripod and the camera from taking up a prominent place in the reflections if the artefact is reflective. 7. Move the tripod and rotate the camera head so that the artefact is all inside the image frame. Ideally, the artefact should occupy around 1/2 to 2/3 or the height of the image frame. 8. Turn on the turntable and let it rotate for one period to ensure that the artefact is inside the image frame throughout the rotation. If it is not, turn the camera head again or adjust the tripod height and tripod position. 9. Use the virtual horizon tool of the camera to ensure that there is no left-right tilting (Figure 4.2); if this tool is not available, use your own eye to minimize left-right tilting. 10. Switch both the camera and the lens to Manual Focusing (M) mode to ensure that the artefact itself will be in focus throughout the shooting.

Figure 4.3 The A-M mode switch on a lens (http://download.nikonimglib.com/archive2/2htIC00CwVFh02W66Sw51rtmT598/AFS18- 140_3.5-5.6GEDVR_CH(6C_DL)03.pdf).

11. Rotate the lens focus ring until the artefact is in focus.

(http://download.nikonimglib.com/archive2/2htIC00CwVFh02W66Sw51rtmT598/AFS18- 140_3.5-5.6GEDVR_CH(6C_DL)03.pdf)

12. Switch the camera to Manual (M) mode so that the exposure settings will remain the same throughout the shooting.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

13. Set a shutter speed not slower than 1/80s (otherwise the image might be blurry as the artefact will be rotating). 14. Set an aperture size just small enough (i.e. the F-number high enough) so that all important details of the artefact can remain sharp. 15. Set an ISO value as small as possible to minimise noise in the image. 16. Adjust the shutter speed, aperture size and ISO value so that the overall exposure is right according to the exposure meter.

(https://onlinemanual.nikonimglib.com/d7500/en/09_psam_modes_01.html)

17. Take one photograph to test if the exposure and focus settings of the camera and the lighting in the room are really correct. Adjust these settings or the position of the piece of black paper on top of the set-up if needed.

For electrical turntables:

18. Turn the camera to interval shooting mode (e.g. under photo shooting menu after pressing MENU button on Nikon D7500).

(https://onlinemanual.nikonimglib.com/d7500/en/24_menu_guide_03_24.html)

19. Set the number of intervals to the number of photographs wanted. 20. Set the shooting interval so that the shooting interval and the number of intervals multiplied would equal the time it takes for the turntable to finish one rotation, i.e. the period. The period of the turntable could be found by measuring the time it takes to finish one revolution using a stopwatch or the corresponding app in a smartphone. 21. Set the shot/interval to one. 22. Turn on the turntable.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

23. Start interval shooting.

(https://onlinemanual.nikonimglib.com/d7500/en/24_menu_guide_03_24.html)

24. Double check once more if the entire artefact goes inside the image frame in all shots. 25. Repeat steps 1, 7-8 & 22-24 until you have finished shooting all artefacts.

For non-electrical turntables:

18. Turn the turntable to ensure that one of the markings is facing the camera directly. 19. Press the shutter-release button to take one photograph of the artefact. 20. Turn the turntable so that the next marking is facing the camera directly. 21. Repeat steps 19-20 until the turntable has finished one revolution. 22. Double check once more if the entire artefact goes inside the image frame in all shots. 23. Repeat steps 1, 7-8 & 18-22 until you have finished shooting all artefacts.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

4.3. Compass 360°

4.3.1. Preparation (typically taking around 30 minutes for 180° images of immovable artefacts and 45 minutes for 360° images of movable artefacts)

4.3.1.1. Immovable artefacts 1. Mark an origin point O on the ground using a chalk or adhesive tape. The origin point O should be a point as close to the centre of the artefact as possible. Depending on the environmental conditions, it might also be necessary to mark it on other stable references such as a railing.

2. Repeat steps 2-7 of section 4.2.2. 3. Measure the distance (x cm) between point O and the front leg of the tripod. Cut a rope or string of the same length. This rope will be the reference for future measurements. 4. Take the tripod away. 5. With the help of the rope/string, mark a point A on the ground x cm from the origin point O from which you barely see the artefact, i.e. OA = x cm.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

6. With the help of the rope/string, mark the other point B on the ground x cm from the origin point O from which you barely see the artefact, probably opposite of point A.

7. With the help of another rope/string, draw arcs from the two new points A & B. Mark the points A1 & B1 where the arcs meet. With the help of the first rope/string, find a point C along line A1B1 so that distance OC = x cm. Mark the point C on the ground with a chalk or adhesive tape.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

8. Repeat step 8 with the new adjacent points (A & C and B & C) to find points D & E.

Figure 4.4 The actual set-up when doing shooting for the Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes at the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception.

9. Repeat step 9 to find points F, G, H, I. 10. Repeat the previous steps until the angular division is between 15-30°

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

4.3.1.2. Movable Artefacts 1. Mark an origin point O on the ground using a chalk or adhesive tape. The origin point O should be the centre point of the available clear space so that the distance from all walls or obstructions is maximised.

2. Put the artefact at point O. 3. Repeat steps 2-7 of section 4.2.2. 4. Measure the distance (x cm) between point O and the front leg of the tripod. Cut a rope or string of the same length (marked in yellow in the following diagrams). 5. Take the artefact and tripod away. 6. With the help of the rope/string, mark any point A on the ground x cm from the origin point O, i.e. OA = x cm.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

7. With the help of the rope/string, mark another point B on the ground x cm from the origin point O on the opposite side, and points C & D, both 90° at line AB and x cm from point O.

8. Cut another rope/string of length BC (marked in green in the following diagrams). Fold the rope into 2 halves and leave a marking at that mid-point.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

9. Pull the first rope/string from origin point O straight through the marking to reach point E. Mark point E on the ground.

10. Repeat step 9 for AC, AD and BD to find points F, G and H.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

11. Repeat step 8-9 for chord BE (the rope will be marked in blue in the following diagrams) to get point I.

12. Repeat step 11 for all remaining sides.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

4.3.2. Photo shooting (typically taking 15-30 minutes per artefact, depending on the number of photos)

1. (If movable) Put the artefact at the centre point marked in step 1 of section 4.2.1. 2. Put the front leg of the tripod at point A with the lens pointing directly at the origin point O. Ideally, if a circle was really drawn, the 3 legs should be posited as in Figure 4.5; however, as it is not possible in most cases to draw a circle on the ground, it is instead suggested to fix the front leg at the label and use the grid on the camera monitor to ensure the artefact aligns with the central axis (Figure 4.6).

Figure 4.5 The position of the 3 legs of the tripod (http://www.foundphotography.com/2006/03/how-to-make-spinning-vehicle-photography/).

Figure 4.6 The real setting up of the tripod location.

3. Do steps 9-17 of section 4.1.2. 4. Press the shutter release button once to take the photograph. 5. Move the tripod to the next point. 6. Repeat steps 2-5 until all photographs from all marked points have been taken.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

5. Post-processing

5.1. Basic documentation (typically taking 2 minutes per photo)

(This is required only if no identity code card was shot with the artefacts.)

1. Transfer all photographs from the camera SD card to the computer and open the directory where the photographs are located. 2. Open Adobe Photoshop. 3. Drag and drop the first photograph from the folder into Adobe Photoshop

4. Use the horizontal type tool by keyboard shortcut T. 5. Click anywhere empty to start typing.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

6. Set the font size and colour in the “Properties” palette on the right-hand side.

7. Type the first 3 parts of the identity code of the object, e.g. 013-CX01-001.

8. Move the code to a corner. If possible, it should be a position at which it would not affect the main content of the photograph even when it is cropped away (see the red lines), so that you could crop it away when the photograph need to be used for other purposes.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

9. Export the photograph by the keyboard shortcut Alt+Shift+Ctrl+W. Choose file format JPG and press “Export All…” on the bottom right-hand corner.

10. Create a new folder with the name as the Identity Code, e.g. 013-CX01-001.

11. Name the file “[identity code]-[alphabetical code]”, e.g. 013-CX01-001-f.JPG, where the alphabetical code represents the type of photo (f for front view, b for back view, t for top view, s for side view, x for other views; for s and x, if there are multiple views, use s_001, s_002 etc.). Then click “Save”.

12. Repeat steps 3-11 for all other photographs.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

5.2. 360° rotational images

5.2.1. Photoshopping (typically taking 15-30 minutes per photo, depending on how much details the artefact has)

13. Transfer all photographs from the camera SD card to the computer and open the directory where the photographs are located. 14. Open Adobe Photoshop. 15. Drag and drop the first photograph from the folder into Adobe Photoshop

16. Unlock the current layer by pressing the lock symbol next to “Background”.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

17. In the Adjustments panel, choose “Levels” with a histogram symbol.

18. Enter a midtone value of 4.5.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

19. Now the image should be washed white. If it is not white enough, enter a larger midtone number; if it is too white, enter a smaller midtone number. In this way the originally dark indistinguishable shadow under the artefact would become a lot clearer.



20. Choose the polygonal lasso tool by keyboard shortcut “L”.

21. Click along the outline of the artefact to draw a line around the artefact.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

22. Double click when you finish to make a selection, which would be shown as a silhouette in dashed lines.

23. Press the layer mask button (a circle in a rectangle) in the Layers panel to create a layer mask.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

24. The background of the image would then disappear.

25. Toggle the “Levels 1” layer invisible.

26. The artefact should now regain its original tone. The chequered background means transparency.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

27. Go to File  Export  Export As… by shortcut Alt + Shift + Ctrl + W.

28. Scale down the image to a width not more than 1280 px.

29. Press “Export All” and export the image. 30. Repeat steps 4-18 for all photographs and organise them all into one folder.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

5.3. Combination of photographs to create 360° images (typically taking 15 minutes per artefact)

1. Download SpotEditor from https://www.webrotate360.com/products/webrotate-360-product- viewer.aspx by clicking “Free Download”.

2. Open SpotEditor. 3. Click the button on the top left with a “+” sign to create a new project.

4. Enter the artefact’s name as the project name. Click the second folder icon to select the directory where the photoshopped photographs are located, e.g. D:\DBDC\Religious artifacts report\360\Artefacts360\StJosephsChapel\SingingBowl\png in this example.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

5. Similarly, select a location where the new 360° rotating images are to be saved by clicking the first folder icon. Keep the other settings as default and click Create.

6. On the top right-hand corner, you could input the width and height of the images in pixels. If the photographs were taken with a DSLR, the width-to-height ratio should be 3:2. Naturally, a larger number implies a better image quality; however, it also means that the loading speed will be lowered, and more server space will be occupied. To strike a balance, a width of 870px and a height of 580px are chosen here but it is flexible.

7. Uncheck the “Show full-screen button” box.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

8. Slide the “Toolbar opacity” bar to 80% so as to ensure that the buttons will not be indistinguishable due to the colour of the image behind it.

9. Go to “Control” in the top right-hand corner.

10. If the artefact is immovable and not all sides of it were photographed, check “Do not loop rotation (bounce)”.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

11. If you are in a lack of server space, go to “More Options” under “Control” and uncheck “Use high-res images in full-screen”.

12. Go to “Hotspots” and click “New Hotspot..”.

13. In the pop-up dialogue box, click “Text Content” and type in the text you want to display when the mouse scroll through your information hotspot. You can also set the font and font size.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

14. You might choose to have a picture popping up instead of text. In this case, click “Image Content” and click the picture frame with a “+” sign on the left to choose the image file location.

15. Click “OK”. 16. Click the spot on the image where you would like to see your information hotspot.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

17. Go to the next image (or previous image) by pressing the left or right arrows on the top bar.

18. Repeat steps 16-17 until an information hotspot has been placed on all photographs. If all sides of the artefact were photographed, a closed orange loop of information hotspots should be formed.

19. Press the button on the left-hand side with a blue circle. The “Publish” dialogue box would appear and you can choose the location where the 360° rotating images should be exported to. In case of future updates, you can check the “Skip images and just process updated settings and hotspots (F6)” box.

20. Click “Publish” to export the files.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

21. The end product will be displayed on the chosen test browser. Notice that the 360° rotating image is not technically an image. Instead, it is a series of image displayed in a manually reversible sequence using a browser object written with html, JavaScript and CSS etc.

22. The html file, together with the required JavaScript files and CSS files can be found at the directory you entered in step 19.

23. Get into the subdirectory *\360_assets\SingingBowl\images and check the size of the images. If the images are larger than 100KB per file, go back to step 19 and type a smaller number in the blank “Quality”.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

6. Publishing (for 360° images only) 6.1. Uploading to Server Using FTP 1. You can directly upload the file to a File Transfer Protocol (FTP) using the “Publish” function.

(i) Click the Publish button

(ii) Click the this button

2. Click “New” to add a new connection. Type the corresponding alias, host name, user name and password in the corresponding dialogues. The “Test Connection” function allows you to check if the server is functioning.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

3. In “Output Dir”, enter the directory to which your file will be uploaded. For instance, the address of the one below would be: web.hku.hk/~abcdefg/church/webrotate360/SingingBowl.html

web.hku.hk

abcdefg

web.hku.hk/~abcdefg/church/ webrotate360

6.2. Uploading to Server Using SFTP 1. For connection to SFTP (secure File Transfer Protocol), users have to use other software such as Core FTP LE and Dreamweaver. The former is used for demonstration in the following steps. 2. Open the software and you will find a window named “Site Manager”. Choose “New Site” and enter the corresponding information in “Site Name”, “Host”, “Username”, and “Password”. Choose the correct type of connection (i.e. SFTP). Then click “Connect”.

abcdefg

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

3. In the Core FTP LE window, the local system appears on the left window and the remote system appears on the right window.

4. Click the Transfer button to upload the relevant folder to your server.

6.3. Embedding Your File Within an Existing Webpage 1. To insert the virtual tour on an existing webpage, you can include an element in the corresponding html file. For example: <iframe src="webrotate360/SingingBowl.html"> The text highlighted in blue is the address of your virtual tour.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

7. Inventorying 1. Open Microsoft Access. 2. Open the file “Artefacts Inventory.accdb”. 3. Under “Forms” on the shutter bar on the left-hand side, double click “Artefact Inventory Form” to open it.

4. Select “Data Entry” on the navigation bar on the left.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

5. Only if you are the person responsible for data entry for the artefact inventory form. Enter the data according to the artefact inventory form filled out during documentation, then hit “Save and Next”. 6. Only if you are the person responsible for data entry for the artefact inventory form. Scroll back to the top and press “Physical Condition Entry” and enter the data according to the artefact inventory form, then hit “Save and Next”. 7. Press “Photographic Documentation Entry” and enter the data according to the artefact inventory form. 8. Click the big box under “Photos”. 3 icons would appear on the top left-hand corner of the box, one of which is a clip sign.

9. Click the clip icon.

10. Press “Add…”.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

11. Select the photographs and, if available, the zip file for 360° images and press “Open”.

12. Press “OK” afterwards.

13. The photographs will then appear in the form. Click the photographs to get the 3 buttons on the top left-hand corner. Click the 2 arrows to browse and double check whether all photographs are attached.

14. Press “Save and Next” to save it. 15. Close the form.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

8. Summary of Time Requirement

Time Required Basic Documentation

Preparation ~2 min ~5 min per artefact Photo shooting (dependent on the number of shots required) ~2 min per artefact Post-processing (if an identity code card was not available when shooting) Total 2 min preparation + 7 min per artefact

Turntable 360°

Preparation ~8 min

Photo shooting ~2 min per artefact ~15-30 min per photo Photoshop (dependent on the amount of details on artefact)

SpotEditor ~15 min per artefact

Publishing ~5 min per artefact Total 8 min preparation + 6 hrs per artefact (16 photos/artefact)

Compass 360° ~30-45 min Preparation (dependent on the angular scope: 180° or 360°?) ~15-30 min per artefact Photo shooting (dependent on the number of photos: 16 or 32?) ~15-30 min per photo Photoshop (dependent on the amount of details on artefact)

SpotEditor ~15 min per artefact

Publishing ~5 min per artefact Total 45 min preparation + 6.5 hrs per artefact (16 photos/artefact)

Inventorying ~5 min per artefact

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

9. Glossary

360° object The combination of a series of photographs of the same object, shot at photography regular angular intervals, and displayed in a manually reversible display sequence

Artefact “An ornament, tool, or other object that is made by a human being, especially one that is historically or culturally interesting” (Collins, 2012).

Camera A device for taking photographs.

Information An icon on the image which would display a text or a picture when the hotspot mouse scrolls on top of it. ftp Abbreviation for File Transfer Protocol, “a standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network” (Wikipedia, 2018). sftp Abbreviation for Secure File Transfer Protocol, “a network protocol that provides file access, file transfer, and file management over any reliable data stream”, with the assumption “that it is run over a secure channel, such as SSH, that the server has already authenticated the client, and that the identity of the client user is available to the protocol” (Wikipedia, 2018).

Tripod A device with 3 legs to hold a camera steady.

Turntable A circular flat piece which rotates on its own at a regular angular speed.

Artefact Photographic Documentation Guide

10. References

Allen, M., 2016, The beginner’s guide to 360° product photography, Ecwid, last accessed 14 August 2018, https://www.ecwid.com/blog/guide-to-360-product-photography.html.

"artefact. (n.d.)". Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 11th Edition. Retrieved 2 August 2012 – via CollinsDictionary.com.

Hanft, A., 2006, How to make “spinning” vehicle photography, Found Photography, last accessed 14 August 2018, http://www.foundphotography.com/2006/03/how-to-make-spinning- vehicle-photography/.

Imajize, 2017, 360 product photography studio setup & workflow, Imajize, last accessed 14 August 2018, https://www.imajize.com/360-tutorials/360-image-viewer-strategy/360-product- photography-studio-setup-workflow/.

Nikon Corporation, 2018, Digital Camera D7500 Online Manual, user’s manual, Nikon, last accessed 14 August 2018, https://onlinemanual.nikonimglib.com/d7500/en/.

Nikon Corporation, 2013, NIKKOR AF-S DX NIKKOR 18-140MM f/3.5-5.6G ED VR User’s Manual, user’s manual, Nikon, China, last accessed 14 August 2018, http://download.nikonimglib.com/archive2/2htIC00CwVFh02W66Sw51rtmT598/AFS18- 140_3.5-5.6GEDVR_CH(6C_DL)03.pdf.

WebRotate 360, 2013, 360 photography of large objects (DIY), WebRotate 360, last accessed 14 August 2018, https://www.webrotate360.com/blog/2013/360-photography-of-large-objects- diy.aspx.

Wikipedia contributors, 'SSH File Transfer Protocol', Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 26 July 2018, 12:09 UTC, accessed 14 August 2018, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SSH_File_Transfer_Protocol&oldid=85206743 1.

Wikipedia contributors, 'File Transfer Protocol', Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 13 August 2018, 23:49 UTC, accessed 14 August 2018, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File_Transfer_Protocol&oldid=854813040.