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Ha Minh Tam, Nguyen Khac Khoi, Vu Xuan Phuong Summary

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Ha Minh Tam, Nguyen Khac Khoi, Vu Xuan Phuong Summary 27(4): 46-49 T¹p chÝ Sinh häc 12-2005 Bæ sung mét loµi thuéc chi giã kh¬i-Lepisanthes Blume (Hä bå hßn-Sapindaceae Juss .) cho hÖ thùc vËt ViÖt Nam Hµ Minh T©m Tr−êng ®¹i häc S− ph¹m Hµ Néi 2 NguyÔn Kh¾c Kh«i, Vò Xu©n Ph−¬ng ViÖn Sinh th¸i vµ Tµi nguyªn sinh vËt Trªn thÕ giíi, chi Lepisanthes Blume D−íi ®©y lµ mét sè th«ng tin vÒ chi Lepisanthes (Sapindaceae Juss.) cã 24 loµi, ph©n bè ë kh¾p Blume vµ loµi L. unilocularis Leenh.: c¸c vïng nhiÖt ®íi cña ch©u Phi, Ma®agaxca, Nam ¸ vµ §«ng Nam ¸, tõ Xri Lanca tíi Trung LEPISANTHES Blume-Giã kh¬i , Quèc, qua vïng Malesia tíi vïng T©y B¾c L©n hïng ¤xtr©ylia. Theo Lecomte (1912), Gagnepain (1950), Ph¹m Hoµng Hé (2000), TrÇn Kim Liªn Blume, 1825. Bijdr. 5: 237; H. Lecomte, & Hµ Minh T©m (2003)..., ë ViÖt Nam chi nµy 1912. Fl. Gen. Indoch. 1: 1016; Leenh. 1969. cã 6 loµi lµ: L. amplifolia, (Pierre) Leenh., L. Blumea, 17: 33; H. S. Lo & T. C. Chen, 1985. banaensis Gagnep., L. fruticosa (Roxb.) Leenh., Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 47(1): 22; Leenh. 1994. Fl. L. rubiginosa (Roxb.) Leenh., L. senegalensis Mal. I. 11: 627; Welzen, 1999. Fl. Thail. 7(1): (Poir.) Leenh. vµ L. tetraphylla (Vahl) Radlk. 212; T. K. Liªn & H. M. T©m, 2003. Checklist Trong qu¸ tr×nh nghiªn cøu c¸c mÉu vËt Pl. Sp. Vietn. 2: 1020. - Aphania Blume, 1825. thuéc chi Lepisanthes Blume, chóng t«i ® kiÓm Bijdr. 5: 236. - Erioglossum Blume, 1825. Bijdr. tra vµ x¸c ®Þnh mÉu mang sè hiÖu Vò Dòng 36 5: 229. - Otophora Blume, 1847. Rumphia, 3: (thu t¹i An Héi, An Khª, Gia Lai, ngµy 142. - Otolepis Turcz. 1848. Bull. Soc. Nat. 19/8/1979) thuéc loµi Lepisanthes unilocularis Mosc. 21: 572, fig. 2b, 3a. -Hemigyrosa Blume, Leenh. Kh¸c biÖt râ nhÊt cña loµi nµy víi tÊt c¶ 1850. Rumphia, 3: 165. c¸c loµi kh¸c trong chi lµ bÇu vµ qu¶ lu«n cã 1 C©y gç hoÆc c©y bôi. C¸c bé phËn non «. th−êng cã l«ng ®¬n, Ýt khi nh½n hoµn toµn. L¸ Cho ®Õn nay, L. unilocularis míi chØ ®−îc kÐp l«ng chim ch½n hoÆc lÎ, gåm 1-40 ®«i l¸ ph¸t hiÖn ë ®¶o H¶i Nam, Trung Quèc. Nh− chÐt, hiÕm khi chØ cã 1 l¸ chÐt; cuèng chung vµ vËy, viÖc ph¸t hiÖn loµi nµy ë ViÖt Nam kh«ng cuèng l¸ cã hoÆc kh«ng cã c¸nh; cã hoÆc kh«ng nh÷ng bæ sung cho hÖ thùc vËt cña n−íc ta 1 cã l¸ kÌm gi¶ . L¸ chÐt mäc ®èi hoÆc mäc c¸ch; loµi c©y hiÕm gÆp mµ cßn cung cÊp dÉn liÖu míi gèc c©n hoÆc lÖch; mÐp nguyªn; hai mÆt l¸ vÒ sù ph©n bè cña chóng. Ngoµi ra, Leenhouts th−êng cã l«ng, kh«ng cã lç tuyÕn; g©n bªn kÐo c«ng bè loµi nµy n¨m 1969 dùa vµo mÉu S. K. dµi tíi gÇn mÐp hoÆc vÊn hîp. Côm hoa d¹ng Lau 5773 chØ cã qu¶; tõ ®ã ®Õn nay, ch−a cã t¸c chïy, th−êng ph©n nh¸nh, mäc ë n¸ch l¸ gÇn gi¶ nµo t×m ®−îc mÉu cã hoa v× vËy c«ng tr×nh ®Ønh cµnh, ë ®Ønh cµnh hoÆc ë phÇn th©n kh«ng cña chóng t«i cßn bæ sung cho b¶n m« t¶ gèc mang l¸, th−êng cã l«ng. L¸ b¾c vµ l¸ b¾c nhá cña Leenhouts mét sè th«ng tin vÒ hoa cña loµi h×nh m¸c, h×nh trøng hoÆc h×nh ®−êng. Hoa gi¶ nµy. t¹p tÝnh (pseudomixis ) [C©y cã hoa “gi¶ t¹p C«ng tr×nh ®−îc hç trî vÒ kinh phÝ cña Ch−¬ng tr×nh nghiªn cøu c¬ b¶n. 46 tÝnh” ( pseudomixis ) lµ c©y cã kiÓu hoa kh¸ ®Æc cuèng ng¾n, chia thïy hoÆc kh«ng, (1-)2-3(-4) biÖt: c¸c thµnh phÇn cña hoa gièng hÖt hoa «, th−êng cã l«ng; mçi « chøa 1 non; cã vßi l−ìng tÝnh, nh−ng chøc n¨ng cña hoa lµ ®¬n tÝnh nhôy hoÆc kh«ng; nóm nhôy h×nh cÇu hoÆc d¹ng (ë hoa mang tÝnh ®ùc th× bao phÊn cã h¹t phÊn vßm cñ hµnh, ®«i khi h¬i chia thïy. Qu¶ h¹ch, vµ më ®−îc, cßn bé nhôy kh«ng t¹o qu¶; ë hoa h¬i cã thïy hoÆc xÎ s©u thµnh 2-3 gi¶ ph©n qu¶ mang tÝnh c¸i bao phÊn kh«ng cã h¹t phÊn vµ (pseudofruitlet ) [KiÓu qu¶ xÎ s©u thµnh c¸c “gi¶ kh«ng më, cßn bé nhôy ph¸t triÓn thµnh qu¶). ph©n qu¶” ( pseudofruitlet ) lµ kiÓu qu¶ ®Æc tr−ng ThuËt ng÷ “gi¶ t¹p tÝnh” do NguyÔn TiÕn B©n ®Ò cho hä Sapindaceae (nh− ë V¶i, Nhn, Ch«m xuÊt], cïng gèc, ®Òu. §µi rêi, gåm 4-5(-6) l¸ ch«m, v.v…) vµ mét sè hä kh¸c (vÝ dô ®µi, xÕp lîp, 1-2 l¸ phÝa ngoµi (th−êng h×nh Ochnaceae); ë chóng cã bé nhôy hîp, nh−ng khi trßn) nhá h¬n nh÷ng l¸ bªn trong (th−êng h×nh thµnh qu¶ chØ phÇn bÇu ph¸t triÓn thµnh c¸c trøng réng hoÆc h×nh thu«n). C¸nh hoa 4-5(-6); ph©n qu¶ vµ kh«ng cã dÊu vÕt cña vßi nhôy ë th−êng h×nh trøng ng−îc ®Õn h×nh th×a, ng¾n ®Ønh. ThuËt ng÷ “gi¶ ph©n qu¶” do NguyÔn TiÕn h¬n hoÆc dµi h¬n ®µi; gèc c¸nh hoa th−êng cã B©n ®Ò xuÊt], Ýt khi nguyªn; vá qu¶ máng hoÆc cùa, mÆt trong cã 1 v¶y, ®«i khi gièng nh− mét dµy, nh½n hoÆc h¬i cã nèt, cã l«ng hoÆc kh«ng vµnh rËm l«ng hoÆc 1 ®«i thïy tai nhá; v¶y cã cã l«ng. H¹t h×nh bÇu dôc hoÆc h×nh trøng, hai mµo hoÆc kh«ng . TriÒn tuyÕn mËt h×nh vµnh bªn th−êng h¬i dÑp, mµu x¸m hoÆc mµu ®en, khuyªn, nguyªn th−êng h¬i chia thïy hoÆc ng¾t nh½n hoÆc thØnh tho¶ng cã rËm l«ng; rèn h¹t gÇn qung. NhÞ (4-)8(-18), th−êng kh«ng thß khái h×nh trßn; kh«ng cã tö y. trµng ë hoa ®ùc; chØ nhÞ th−êng nhiÒu l«ng; bao Typus: phÊn h×nh bÇu dôc hoÆc h×nh thu«n, ®Ýnh gèc, Lepisanthes montana Blume [= nh½n hoÆc cã l«ng. BÇu kh«ng cuèng hoÆc cã Lepisanthes tetraphylla (Vahl) Radlk.] Kho¸ §Þnh lo¹i c¸c loµi thuéc chi Lepisanthes B lume ® biÕt ë ViÖt Nam 1A. Trµng ng¾n h¬n ®µi. ChØ nhÞ ng¾n h¬n bao phÊn. Lu«n cã l¸ kÌm gi¶ tån t¹i. ( Subgen.1 . Otophora ). 2A. BÇu vµ qu¶ lu«n cã 1 «. L¸ kÐp l«ng chim lÎ.................................................. 1. L. unilocularis 2B. BÇu vµ qu¶ cã 2-3(-4) «. L¸ kÐp l«ng chim ch½n (thØnh tho¶ng tr«ng nh− lÎ do 1 l¸ chÐt ®Ønh tiªu gi¶m m¹nh). 3A. L¸ kÌm gi¶ cã g©n ch©n vÞt hoÆc m¹ng l−íi, hiÕm khi cã g©n l«ng chim. C¸nh hoa cã 2 tai hoÆc 1 v¶y nhá uèn ng−îc............................................................................... 2. L. fructicosa 3B. L¸ kÌm gi¶ cã g©n l«ng chim. C¸nh hoa cã 1 v¶y to, v¶y cã 3 gãc ................ 3. L. amplifolia 1B. Trµng dµi b»ng hoÆc dµi h¬n ®µi. ChØ nhÞ dµi b»ng hoÆc dµi h¬n bao phÊn. HiÕm khi cã l¸ kÌm gi¶ sím rông (xem L. seneganensis). 4A. Trµng dµi b»ng ®µi. ThØnh tho¶ng cã l¸ kÌm gi¶ nh−ng sím rông ( Subgen.2 . Aphania ) ....... ...................................................................................................................... 4. L. senegalensis 4B. Trµng dµi h¬n ®µi. Kh«ng cã l¸ kÌm gi¶. 5A. Qu¶ xÎ s©u thµnh gi¶ ph©n qu¶. C¶ hai mÆt l¸ chÐt cã l«ng, nhÊt lµ ë g©n chÝnh vµ g©n bªn. Côm hoa ë ®Ønh vµ n¸ch l¸ gÇn ®Ønh ( Subgen.3. Erioglossum ) ........... 5. L. rubiginosa 5B. Qu¶ th−êng chØ cã gê. L¸ chÐt hÇu nh− kh«ng cã l«ng. Côm hoa ë cµnh kh«ng mang l¸ hoÆc ë n¸ch l¸, hiÕm khi ë ®Ønh ( Subgen.4 . Lepisanthes ). 6A. NhÞ 10-13. Gèc côm hoa cã nh¸nh mäc ®èi ch÷ thËp. .................................6. L. banaensis 6B. NhÞ th−êng 8. Côm hoa kh«ng cã nh¸nh mäc ®èi ch÷ thËp......................... 7. L. tetraphylla 47 Lepisanthes unilocularis Leenh. 1. cµnh mang hoa vµ qu¶; 2. mÆt ngoµi c¸nh hoa; 3. mÆt trong c¸nh hoa; 4. mÆt trong vÈy; 5. nhÞ; 6. bÇu (bæ däc); 7. bÇu (c¾t ngang). (h×nh vÏ theo mÉu Vò Dòng 36, HN) Lepisanthes unilocularis Leenh. - Qu¶ má , long., 0.8-1.2 mm lat., glabrum; stylus brevis, Giã kh¬i mét « graber; stigma grabrum, subcapitatum. C©y bôi cao 1,5 m. Cµnh mang hoa cã lç vá Leenh.
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