SOILS of CENTRAL and NORTHERN NEW BRUNSWICK New Brunswick Soil Survey Report No
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SOILS OF CENTRAL AND NORTHERN NEW BRUNSWICK New Brunswick Soil Survey Report No. 12 Research Branch - Potato Research Centre - Fredericton New Brunswick 2005 Agriculture and Agriculture et Agri-Food Canada Agroalimentaire Canada Canada SOILS OF CENTRAL AND NORTHERN NEW BRUNSWICK New Brunswick Soil Survey Report No. 12 H. W. Rees, S. H. Fahmy, C. Wang and R. E. Wells Potato Research Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton, New Brunswick PRC Contribution No. 05-01 (Map sheet) Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Branch 2005 Copies of this publication are available from: Potato Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada P. O. Box 20280, 850 Lincoln Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 4Z7 New Brunswick Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Aquaculture Box 6000, Lincoln Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5H1 Electronic copies of this publication and digital maps are available for downloading free of charge from the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada web site of the Canadian Soil Information System (CanSIS) at: http://sis.agr.gc.ca/cansis Correct citation as follows: Rees, H. W., Fahmy, S. H., Wang, C. and Wells, R. E. 2005. Soils of Central and Northern New Brunswick. Potato Research Centre, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, N. B. 137 pp with map. iii CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. .............................................................vii SUMMARY. ..................................................................... viii INTRODUCTION. ................................................................. 1 PART 1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA.. ...................................... 3 Location and extent ............................................................. 3 Land use. ..................................................................... 3 Forestry. ............................................................... 3 Agriculture. ............................................................. 4 Mining. ................................................................ 4 Recreation. ............................................................. 4 Land ownership. ......................................................... 5 Physiography, topography, drainage and bedrock geology ............................... 5 Climate. ..................................................................... 8 Atmospheric climate. ..................................................... 8 Soil climate. ............................................................ 9 Vegetation .................................................................... 9 PART 2. SOIL FORMATION AND CLASSIFICATION. .................................... 11 Surficial geology.. ............................................................. 11 Soil parent materials ........................................................... 11 Mineral soils. ........................................................... 11 Organic soils. .......................................................... 12 Soil development and soil forming factors. .......................................... 13 Soil profile. .................................................................. 14 System of soil classification. ..................................................... 15 Soil Orders in central and northen New Brunswick. ................................... 16 Brunisolic Soils . ........................................................ 16 Gleysolic Soils . ........................................................ 16 Luvisolic Soils . ......................................................... 16 Organic Soils . .......................................................... 16 Podzolic Soils . ......................................................... 16 Regosolic Soils . ........................................................ 19 Impact of agriculture on soil classification. .......................................... 20 Relationship between soil classification and soil mapping. .............................. 20 PART 3. SOIL MAPPING METHODOLOGY.. ........................................... 21 Office m ethods.. ............................................................... 21 Field m ethods.. ................................................................ 21 M ap sym bol. ................................................................. 22 Land types ............................................................. 27 Soil correlation with established soil concepts. ....................................... 27 PART 4. SOIL ASSOCIATION IDENTIFICATION KEY AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION. ......... 31 Key to soil association parent materials. ............................................ 31 Soil association general description. ............................................... 31 Acadie Siding Association. ................................................ 31 Barrieau-Buctouche A ssociation.. ........................................... 35 Belldune R iver Association.. ............................................... 37 Big Bald Mountain Association. ............................................ 38 Boston Brook Association. ................................................ 40 Caribou Association. ..................................................... 42 Carleton Association. .................................................... 44 Catamaran Association. ................................................... 47 iv Gagetown Association. ................................................... 49 Grand Falls Association.. ................................................. 51 Guim ond R iver Association.. .............................................. 53 Holm esville Association.. ................................................. 55 Interval Association.. .................................................... 57 Jacquet River Association.. ................................................ 59 Juniper Association.. ..................................................... 61 Lavillette Association.. ................................................... 63 Long Lake Association. ................................................... 65 M aliseet Association.. .................................................... 67 M cG ee Association.. ..................................................... 68 M uniac Association.. ..................................................... 71 Nigadoo R iver Association.. ............................................... 73 Parleeville Association.. .................................................. 74 Popple Depot A ssociation.. ................................................ 76 Reece Association.. ...................................................... 77 Richibucto Association ................................................... 80 Riverbank Association. ................................................... 82 Rogersville Association ................................................... 84 Stony B rook Association.. ................................................. 85 St. Quentin Association.. .................................................. 87 Sunbury Association. .................................................... 89 Tetagouche Association.. ................................................. 91 Tetagouche Falls Association.. ............................................. 92 Thibault Association.. .................................................... 94 Tracadie Association. .................................................... 96 Tuadook Association.. .................................................... 98 Violette A ssociation.. ................................................... 100 Land types. .................................................................. 102 Salt Marsh. ........................................................... 102 Sand Dunes. .......................................................... 102 W ater. ............................................................... 102 PART 5. ELECTRONIC DATA FILES. ............................................... 103 File structure.. ............................................................... 103 Project File (PF).. ...................................................... 103 Polygon attribute table file (PAT).. ......................................... 104 Soil M ap Unit File (SM UF).. ............................................. 104 Soil N am e File (SNF).. .................................................. 104 Soil L ayer File (SLF).. .................................................. 105 PART 6. INTERPRETATIONS - SINGLE FACTOR AND GENERAL AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY RATINGS ..................................................... 107 Single-factor soil map unit conditions ............................................. 107 Canada Land Inventory Classification ............................................. 110 Soil capability classification for agriculture.. ................................. 110 Land capability classification for forestry .................................... 111 REFERENCES. .................................................................. 127 GLOSSARY - GENERAL TERMS. ................................................... 129 GLOSSARY - ROCK TYPES ........................................................ 135 APPENDIX - COMMON AND SCIENTIFIC NAMES OF TREES. ............................ 137 v LIST OF TABLES AND ILLUSTRATIONS TABLES 1. Soil association members of the central and northern New Brunswick map area classified according to the C anadian System of Soil C lassification .. ............................. 18 2. Soil m apping legend .. ........................................................