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San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve MANAGEMENT PLAN 2018-2023

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San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve MANAGEMENT PLAN 2018-2023 San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve MANAGEMENT PLAN 2018-2023 cover art MANAGEMENT PLAN 2018-2023 September 1, 2018 i ii iii iv v vi Appendix A: National Estuarine Research Reserve System Regulations Appendix B: Agreement Concerning Cooperative Management of the San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve Appendix C: Memorandum of Understanding between San Francisco State and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Appendix D: Memorandum of Understanding between San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve and Audubon California Appendix E: Species List Appendix F: Federal Consistency Determination Appendix G: Management Plan Process and Response to Public Comment vii ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS BCDC San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission BCC Bay Conference Center CDPR California Department of Parks and Recreation CDMO Centralized Data Management Office CFR Code of Federal Regulations CRS Coastal Resilience Specialist CTP Coastal Training Program CZM Coastal Zone Management EAC Education Advisory Committee EC Education Coordinator EPA Environmental Protection Agency ERD Estuarine Reserves Division FoCC Friends of China Camp GIS Geographic Information System IT Information Technology KEEP K-12 Estuarine Education Program MOU Memorandum of Understanding NERR National Estuarine Research Reserve NERRS National Estuarine Research Reserve System NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration OCM Office for Coastal Management RC Research Coordinator RCD Resource Conservation District Reserve San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve RTC Romberg Tiburon Center Sanctuary Richardson Bay Audubon Center and Sanctuary SC Stewardship Coordinator SFBJV San Francisco Bay Joint Venture SF Bay NERR San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve SFE San Francisco Estuary SFEI San Francisco Estuary Institute SFEP San Francisco Estuary Partnership SF State San Francisco State University SFSCC San Francisco Bay and Outer Coast Sentinel Site Cooperative SERC Smithsonian Environmental Research Center SRCD Solano Resource Conservation District SWMP System-Wide Monitoring Program SWRCB State Water Resources Control Board TOTE Teachers on the Estuary USFWS U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service WSCTP Wetland Science and Coastal Training Coordinator viii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Plan Purpose and Scope This plan is intended to guide management activities for the SF Bay NERR (Reserve) from 2018 to 2023. It applies specifically to the boundaries of Reserve components consisting of China Camp State Park (China Camp) and Rush Ranch Open Space Preserve (Rush Ranch), to its headquarters at the Romberg Tiburon Center for Environmental Studies (RTC), and more generally to the San Francisco Estuary (SFE). This Plan is intended to: • Provide a vision and framework to guide Reserve activities during the five- year period; • Enable the Reserve and NOAA to track progress and realize opportunities for growth; • Present Reserve priority issues, goals, objectives and actions to constituents; • Guide program evaluations under Section 312 of the Coastal Zone Management Act; and enable the Reserve to acquire construction and land acquisition funds. The Reserve’s Manager, Education Coordinator, Research Coordinator, and Coastal Training Program Coordinator wrote this plan cooperatively in consultation with other Reserve staff, the Reserve’s partners, and NOAA. Reserve Context The Reserve was designated on August 27, 2003 after more than ten years of planning. Encompassing approximately 1600 square miles in area, the SFE is generally divided into a more fresh-water flow-influenced upper estuary with two sub regions (Delta and Suisun) and a lower estuary dominated by salt-water tidal processes with three distinct sub regions (San Pablo Bay, Central Bay, and South Bay) (Sloan and Karachewski 2006, Moyle et al. 2010). The Reserve components include exemplary remnants of both the upper and lower estuarine landscapes. The upper estuary component consists of Rush Ranch, a 2,070-acre property that is owned and managed by the Solano Land Trust (SLT). It contains the largest and most intact tidal brackish marsh in the Suisun sub-region embedded in an undeveloped grassland landscape that is part of a working ranch. The lower estuary component is China Camp, a 1,640-acre property along the shore of the San Pablo Bay subregion with outstanding tidal salt marshes surrounded by extensive mudflats and upland wooded ridges and hills. China Camp is owned by California Department of Parks and Recreation (California State Parks) which is the lead agency for ecological and cultural resource management under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). It is currently operated by a non-profit citizen support group, the Friends of China Camp (FOCC). Thus, the three core land-managing partners of the Reserve are the Solano Land Trust, California State Parks, and Friends of China Camp. Total acreage for the Reserve is 3,710 acres. The State lead agency for the Reserve is San Francisco State University (SF State). The Reserve Headquarters is based at RTC, SF State’s estuary and ocean science center, which is located on the Tiburon Peninsula in Marin County. RTC hosts an active group of marine and estuarine scientists, a graduate studies program, labs, vessels, vehicles, classrooms and office space. Threats and Stressors The estuary as a whole is threatened and stressed by a combination of urbanization, non-native invasive species, and rapid environmental change. In addition, the primary short-term anthropogenic stressors at China Camp include problems associated with a county road that transects tidal marshes and recreational use. Rush Ranch is also potentially SAN FRANCISCO BAY NATIONAL ESTUARINE RESEARCH RESERVE 2018-2023 Management Plan 1 impacted by cattle grazing in upland grasslands as well as prominent invasive non-native species such as pepperweed and feral pigs. Endangered and threatened species occur at both sites and present additional management challenges. Priority Management Issues and Reserve Goals The SFE is known as one of the most urbanized estuaries in the world (Conomos et al. 1979). It is the heart of California’s economy and an estuary of international conservation significance. Priority management issues are: 1. Need for improved capacity to prepare, respond to and recover from changing environmental conditions and unpredictable extreme events (Coastal Resilience) 2. Need for timely, actionable information to make informed choices about management decisions that support the conservation and restoration of the estuary (Coastal Intelligence) 3. Need for broader engagement of diverse audiences to support estuarine conservation and stewardship activities Goals for the Reserve are (1) to increase and improve scientific knowledge of the SFE ecosystem; (2) to expand understanding, practice and application of estuarine and coastal science; and (3) to increase, enhance, and help to disseminate on an annual basis research by students and scientists working at Reserve sites. Reserve Niche The Reserve is unique in the San Francisco Estuary by combining place-based long-term scientific assessment and research with education and coastal training programs that draw upon and extend beyond the boundaries of the two Reserve sites, with the capacity to integrate science across disciplines and audiences. Foundational to our success is the strength of our signatory partnerships and collaboration with a wide range of entities and programs in the SFE and the NERRS national network. Reserve Programs Overview The Reserve is proud of its’ cross-sectoral integration of research, education, training, and stewardship activities that reflect its’ dedication to improving the scientific understanding and management of natural and cultural resources in the SFE. Reserve programs consist of required activities supported by NERRS including Administration, Research and Monitoring, Education, and Coastal Training Program coordination. These Reserve programs take place for the most part on Reserve components and at RTC. Reserve programs are not prescriptive in that field activities are the responsibility of land managing partners who own and direct Reserve actions that take place on Reserve components. However, although field components are not under the direct management of the Reserve, as part of a federally designated program, each field component is encouraged to be compliant with resource protection, public access, and stewardship practices that are consistent with the national system. The collaborative nature of Reserve programs both among staff and with our partners allows the Reserve to accomplish much more programmatically than funding would permit if all activities were constrained by Reserve operations and cost-share funding. SAN FRANCISCO BAY NATIONAL ESTUARINE RESEARCH RESERVE 2018-2023 Management Plan 2 INTRODUCTION TO THE NATIONAL ESTUARINE RESEARCH RESERVE SYSTEM The National Estuarine Research Reserve System was created by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, to augment the National Coastal Zone Management Program, which is dedicated to comprehensive, sustainable management of the nation’s coasts. The reserve system is a network of protected areas representative of the various biogeographic regions and estuarine types in the United States. Reserves are established for long-term research, education, and interpretation to promote informed management of the nation’s
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