Hmong Dou April 30

Location: Approximately else the standard is an place by red thread wrapped 3,200 Hmong Dou live in artificially constructed around the forehead in a the large Dananshan Village dialect actually based on a band about three inches in 3 • in Bijie County, located in number of close Northern height.” • •Lupanshui the western part of Guizhou Hua Miao varieties in the • 2 • Province. Small numbers northwest Guizhou locality.” Religion: For centuries the • • also live in a few Some mission lists have Hmong Dou have been Scale GUANGXI 0 KM 160 surrounding villages in mistaken Dananshan to be diligent to appease demons,

Population in : Xiaoshao and Yanzikou the name of a Miao ethnic offering annual sacrifices in 3,000 (1998) townships. In addition, group when it is only the a bid to keep peace with the 3,170 (2000) some Hmong Dou have name of a village. spirit world. They believe 4,100 (2010) migrated to the Daguan and spirits can be either good or Location: Guizhou Religion: Animism Xiehe districts of Qianxi History: Centuries of bad and can locate 1 Christians: 300 County. discrimination and military themselves in a person, campaigns against them by animal, or some other Overview of the Identity: Although they the Chinese have splintered object of nature. Hmong Dou speak a language mutually the Miao/Hmong into their intelligible with other numerous present-day Christianity: Because they Countries: China Western Miao (Hmong) ethnic groups and live alongside the Gha-Mu, Pronunciation: “Hmong-Njah” varieties, the Hmong Dou languages — including the who have thousands of Other Names: Mo, Hongxian Miao, Downhill Hmong, Red possess their own ethnic Hmong Dou. Christians, most Hmong Dou Thread Miao, Red Top Miao identity. They do not have some awareness of Population Source: consider other Miao/Hmong Customs: The Hmong Dou the gospel, and a small 3,000 (1998 M. Johnson); groups to be of the same were given their Chinese number have placed their Out of a total Miao population of 7,398,035 (1990 census) ethnic stock and do not name (Hongxian “red trust in Jesus Christ. Location: W Guizhou: Bijie County: usually intermarry outside of thread” Miao) because the Missionary J. R. Adam Dananshan Village, and a few their communities. The women “often make their worked in the area in the surrounding villages in Xiaoshao and Yanzikou townships. Some Chinese call them Hongxian hair into a large bun that early 1900s and included have moved to Daguan and Xiehe Miao, which means “red bulges on each side of the the Hmong Dou in one of districts of Qianxi County. thread Miao.” The Hmong head. The bun is held in his 1907 mission reports.4 Status: Be (Mountain Hmong) in Officially included under Miao Luzhai Village of Dafang Language: Hmong-Mien, Hmongic, Western Hmongic, County call them Hmong Farwestern Hmong, Hua Miao, Dou which means “downhill Northern Hua Miao Hmong.” Dialects: 0 Religion: Animism, Christianity Language: The village of Christians: 300 Dananshan was chosen by Scripture: None Chinese linguists as the Jesus film: None standard location for the Gospel Recordings: None Chuanqiandian (Western) Christian Broadcasting: None Miao language family. ROPAL code: None Scholars have conducted extensive research there Status of Evangelization since the 1950s, and based 68% the Chuanqiandian orthography on the pronunciation of the 23% occupants of this village. 9% Linguist Michael Johnson recently researched the A B C Hmong Dou, however, and A = Have never heard the gospel found “a number of B = Were evangelized but did not differences from the become Christians C = Are adherents to any form of Chuanqiandian standard. It Christianity could be that I did not meet people whose speech matches the standard or Michael Johnson

202 HMONG DOU