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LZ Based Compression Benchmark on PE Files Introduction LZ Based
LZ based compression benchmark on PE files Zsombor Paróczi Abstract: The key element in runtime compression is the compression algorithm, that is used during processing. It has to be small in enough in decompression bytecode size to fit in the final executable, yet have to provide the best compression ratio. In our work we benchmark the top LZ based compression methods on Windows PE files (both exe and dll files), and present the results including the decompres- sion overhead and the compression rates. Keywords: lz based compression, compression benchmark, PE benchmark Introduction During runtime executable compression an already compiled executable is modified in ways, that it still retains the ability to execute, yet the transformation produces smaller file size. The transformations usually exists from multiple steps, changing the structure of the executable by removing unused bytes, adding a compression layer or modifying the code in itself. During the code modifications the actual bytecode can change, or remain the same depending on the modification itself. In the world of x86 (or even x86-64) PE compression there are only a few benchmarks, since the ever growing storage capacity makes this field less important. Yet in new fields, like IOT and wearable electronics every application uses some kind of compression, Android apk-s are always compressed by a simple gzip compression. There are two mayor benchmarks for PE compression available today, the Maximum Compression benchmark collection [1] includes two PE files, one DLL and one EXE, and the Pe Compression Test [2] has four exe files. We will use the exe files during our benchmark, referred as small corpus. -
Server: Apache
Modern Trends in Network Fingerprinting SecTor [11.21.07] Jay Graver Ryan Poppa // Fingerprinting Topics Why, What, Who & How? Tools in action Why Tools Break Tools EOL New Approaches New Tool // Why Fingerprint? WhiteHat needs accurate identification of hosts in a PenTest report BlackHat reconnaissance SysAdmins track down and identify new services or hosts when they appear on their network // What is a Fingerprint? Looking at something common … 192.168.2.187:8004 192.168.2.187 [152] 48 54 54 50 2f 31 2e 31 20 32 30 30 20 4f 4b 0d HTTP/1.1 200 OK. 0a 43 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 63 6c 6f .Connection: clo 73 65 0d 0a 41 6c 6c 6f 77 3a 20 4f 50 54 49 4f se..Allow: OPTIO 4e 53 2c 20 47 45 54 2c 20 48 45 41 44 2c 20 50 NS, GET, HEAD, P 4f 53 54 0d 0a 43 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 2d 4c 65 6e OST..Content‐Len 67 74 68 3a 20 30 0d 0a 44 61 74 65 3a 20 46 72 gth: 0..Date: Fr 69 2c 20 30 32 20 4e 6f 76 20 32 30 30 37 20 32 i, 02 Nov 2007 2 32 3a 32 35 3a 31 38 20 47 4d 54 0d 0a 53 65 72 2:25:18 GMT..Ser 76 65 72 3a 20 6c 69 67 68 74 74 70 64 2f 31 2e ver: lighttpd/1. 34 2e 31 35 0d 0a 0d 0a 4.15... -
INSECURE-Mag-9.Pdf
Another year is almost over and a plethora of information security problems are behind us. To let 2006 go out in style, we bring you a feature packed issue of (IN)SECURE. As the feature interview for this issue we had the pleasure of talking with Kurt Sauer, the CSO at Skype, one of the most well-known companies in the digital world. We’ll be back next year with many new ideas in the pipeline. Stay tuned for coverage from a few conferences including the RSA Conference in San Francisco and the Black Hat Briefings &Training in Amsterdam. If you’re attending, be sure to drop me an e-mail and we’ll grab a drink. We wish you a safe 2007! Mirko Zorz Chief Editor Visit the magazine website at www.insecuremag.com (IN)SECURE Magazine contacts Feedback and contributions: Mirko Zorz, Chief Editor - [email protected] Marketing: Berislav Kucan, Director of Marketing - [email protected] Distribution (IN)SECURE Magazine can be freely distributed in the form of the original, non modified PDF document. Distribution of modified versions of (IN)SECURE Magazine content is prohibited without the explicit permission from the editor. For reprinting information please send an email to [email protected] or send a fax to 1-866-420-2598. Copyright HNS Consulting Ltd. 2006. www.insecuremag.com New enterprise single sign-on authentication software DigitalPersona announced the latest version of its award-winning enterprise product, DigitalPersona Pro 4.0. The new and improved software delivers a complete, accurate and trusted fingerprint Enterprise Single Sign-On (ESSO) solution with more secure authentication, improved manageability and the broadest support available for the world’s leading biometrically-enabled notebooks including models from Lenovo, HP, Dell, and Toshiba. -
Escuela T´Ecnica Superior De Ingeniería De
ESCUELA TECNICA´ SUPERIOR DE INGENIER´IA DE TELECOMUNICACION´ Ingenier´ıa de Telecomunicacion´ PROYECTO FIN DE CARRERA Learning Analytics, Escalabilidad, Mejora de la Experiencia de Usuario e Internacionalizacion´ de la Herramienta de E-Learning FLEQ Autor: Cristina Lavado Arevalo´ Tutor: Gregorio Robles Mart´ınez Curso Acad´emico2013/2014 Proyecto Fin de Carrera LEARNING ANALYTICS, ESCALABILIDAD, MEJORA DE LA EXPERIENCIA DE USUARIO E INTERNACIONALIZACION´ DE LA HERRAMIENTA DE E-LEARNING FLEQ Autor Cristina Lavado Arevalo´ Tutor Gregorio Robles Mart´ınez La defensa del presente Proyecto Fin de Carrera se realiz´oel d´ıa de de , siendo calificada por el siguiente tribunal: PRESIDENTE: SECRETARIO: VOCAL: y habiendo obtenido la siguiente calificaci´on: CALIFICACION:´ Fuenlabrada, a de de . Copyright c 2014 Cristina Lavado Ar´evalo Este documento se publica bajo la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 3.0 Espa~na http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/es (Ver Ap´endices) A mi familia Agradecimientos Esta´ es la culminaci´onde innumerables experiencias personales, que han dejado en m´ıgrandes recuerdos. Enumerar a todas las personas que me han apoyado e inspirado en estos ´ulti- mos a~noses una tarea incompleta y que voy a revelar ahora. Son muchas las personas a las que tengo que agradecer haber conseguido realizar el sue~node presentar este Proyecto y dar por finalizada una etapa de mi vida de la que me llevo grandes momentos. A los primeros que tengo que dar las gracias es a mi familia, y sobre todo a mis padres, sin vosotros no habr´ıa sido posible, gracias por vuestro apoyo incondicional y vuestro sacrificio durante estos a~nos.Sin la confianza que siempre hab´eisdepositado en m´ı,vuestra sinceridad y consejos este Proyecto y muchos logros personales no habr´ıanvisto la luz. -
Web Server Administration - the Easy Way
Chapter 1: What’s In Your Web Site? Get to Know Your Web Server Administrator Web server computer platforms UNIX Macintosh Windows NT Web server software NCSA, W3C/CERN, and Apache Windows NT WebSTAR and MacHTTPD How your Web site fits into the whole Administrator’s jargon and management tools Round Up the Usual Suspects! Inventory Web server resources Take stock of your Web site Lotsa docs (it’s not an M.D.’s convention) Graphics galore The supporting cast of applications… Marvelous miscellany “Organized Web site” is not an oxymoron Where does your site live? Picture your directory/file structure as a tree You can’t tell the territory without a map Understanding all the pieces and parts Using remote hyperlinks What’s the code situation like? Any imagemaps in the picture? Strategic Planning for Your Web Site Juggling large document collections Tooling Up for Web Site Management What tools do you really need? Tool search adventures Judge what you find How to get ’em when you find ’em Wheeling and dealing: what’s your budget? Chapter 2: Web Server Administration - the Easy Way Web Server Hosting Options Web server hosting services Local Web server hosts Web server space renters Web malls Your friendly neighborhood ISP Your organization’s LAN You!? How the Web Server Fits into the Whole The hardware: computer and telephone equipment Web server software and (briefly) how it works The basics Passing information into and out of the HTTP server Web Server Platforms UNIX and the Web Windows (NT and 95) are coming on strong The Macintosh alternative -
Apache Web Server ______
Apache Web Server _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Original author(s) Robert McCool Developer(s) Apache Software Foundation Initial release 1995[1] 2.4.9 (March 17, 2014) [±] Stable release Development Active status Written in C, Forth, XML[2] Type Web server License Apache License 2.0 Website httpd.apache.org The Apache HTTP Server , commonly referred to as Apache , is a web server application notable for playing a key role in the initial growth of the World Wide Web.[3] Originally based on the NCSA HTTPd server, development of Apache began in early 1995 after work on the NCSA code stalled. Apache quickly overtook NCSA HTTPd as the dominant HTTP server, and has remained the most popular HTTP server in use since April 1996. In 2009, it became the first web server software to serve more than 100 million websites.[4] Apache is developed and maintained by an open community of developers under the auspices of the Apache Software Foundation. Most commonly used on a Unix-like system,[5] the software is available for a wide variety of operating systems, including Unix, FreeBSD, Linux, Solaris, Novell NetWare, OS X, Microsoft Windows, OS/2, TPF, OpenVMS and eComStation. Released under the Apache License, Apache is open-source software. As of June 2013, Apache was estimated to serve 54.2% of all active websites and 53.3% of the top servers across all domains.[6][7][8][9][10] 1 Apache Web Server _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Name According to the FAQ in the Apache project website, the name Apache was chosen out of respect to the Native American tribe Apache and its superior skills in warfare and strategy. -
Comparison of Web Server Software from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit ViewM ohrisetory Search Comparison of web server software From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Main page This article is a comparison of web server software. Contents Featured content Contents [hide] Current events 1 Overview Random article 2 Features Donate to Wikipedia 3 Operating system support Wikimedia Shop 4 See also Interaction 5 References Help 6 External links About Wikipedia Community portal Recent changes Overview [edit] Contact page Tools Server Developed by Software license Last stable version Latest release date What links here AOLserver NaviSoft Mozilla 4.5.2 2012-09-19 Related changes Apache HTTP Server Apache Software Foundation Apache 2.4.10 2014-07-21 Upload file Special pages Apache Tomcat Apache Software Foundation Apache 7.0.53 2014-03-30 Permanent link Boa Paul Phillips GPL 0.94.13 2002-07-30 Page information Caudium The Caudium Group GPL 1.4.18 2012-02-24 Wikidata item Cite this page Cherokee HTTP Server Álvaro López Ortega GPL 1.2.103 2013-04-21 Hiawatha HTTP Server Hugo Leisink GPLv2 9.6 2014-06-01 Print/export Create a book HFS Rejetto GPL 2.2f 2009-02-17 Download as PDF IBM HTTP Server IBM Non-free proprietary 8.5.5 2013-06-14 Printable version Internet Information Services Microsoft Non-free proprietary 8.5 2013-09-09 Languages Jetty Eclipse Foundation Apache 9.1.4 2014-04-01 Čeština Jexus Bing Liu Non-free proprietary 5.5.2 2014-04-27 Galego Nederlands lighttpd Jan Kneschke (Incremental) BSD variant 1.4.35 2014-03-12 Português LiteSpeed Web Server LiteSpeed Technologies Non-free proprietary 4.2.3 2013-05-22 Русский Mongoose Cesanta Software GPLv2 / commercial 5.5 2014-10-28 中文 Edit links Monkey HTTP Server Monkey Software LGPLv2 1.5.1 2014-06-10 NaviServer Various Mozilla 1.1 4.99.6 2014-06-29 NCSA HTTPd Robert McCool Non-free proprietary 1.5.2a 1996 Nginx NGINX, Inc. -
Apache HTTP Server
Apache HTTP Server The Apache HTTP Server, colloquially called Apache sive and kick some ass.” (/əˈpætʃiː/ ə-PA-chee), is the world’s most used web server software. Originally based on the NCSA HTTPd When Apache is running, its process name is sometimes server, development of Apache began in early 1995 af- httpd, which is short for “HTTP daemon.” ter work on the NCSA code stalled. Apache played a key role in the initial growth of the World Wide Web,[4] quickly overtaking NCSA HTTPd as the dominant HTTP server, and has remained most popular since April 1996. 2 Feature overview In 2009, it became the first web server software to serve more than 100 million websites.[5] Apache supports a variety of features, many implemented Apache is developed and maintained by an open com- as compiled modules which extend the core functional- munity of developers under the auspices of the Apache ity. These can range from server-side programming lan- Software Foundation. Most commonly used on a Unix- guage support to authentication schemes. Some common [6] like system (usually Linux), the software is available language interfaces support Perl, Python, Tcl, and PHP. for a wide variety of operating systems besides Unix, Popular authentication modules include mod_access, including eComStation, Microsoft Windows, NetWare, mod_auth, mod_digest, and mod_auth_digest, the suc- OpenVMS, OS/2, and TPF. Released under the Apache cessor to mod_digest. A sample of other features in- License, Apache is free and open-source software. clude Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Secu- As of November 2015, Apache was estimated to serve rity support (mod_ssl), a proxy module (mod_proxy), a 50% of all active websites and 37% of the top servers URL rewriting module (mod_rewrite), custom log files across all domains.[7] (mod_log_config), and filtering support (mod_include and mod_ext_filter). -
Apache HTTP Server Cookbook I
Apache HTTP Server Cookbook i Apache HTTP Server Cookbook Apache HTTP Server Cookbook ii Contents 1 How to install the Apache web server 1 1.1 Installing Apache and utilities............................................1 1.2 Checking running status of Apache..........................................1 1.3 Serving your first website with Apache........................................3 1.4 Wrapping up.....................................................6 2 Apache Configuration Tutorial 7 2.1 Inspecting the Apache configuration file.......................................8 2.2 Apache modules....................................................8 2.3 Configuration directives................................................8 2.4 Basic authentication.................................................. 10 2.5 Directives in action.................................................. 11 2.6 Basic security considerations............................................. 14 2.7 Conclusion...................................................... 14 3 Name-based Virtual Host Configuration 15 3.1 Reviewing the Apache configuration file....................................... 15 3.2 Defining virtual hosts................................................. 15 3.3 Troubleshooting.................................................... 18 3.4 Limiting bandwidth.................................................. 19 3.5 Summary....................................................... 20 4 mod_rewrite: Redirecting and rewriting URLs 21 4.1 Introducing regular expressions (regexs)...................................... -
Malware Detection Using Semantic Features and Improved Chi-Square 879
Malware Detection Using Semantic Features and Improved Chi-square 879 Malware Detection Using Semantic Features and Improved Chi-square Seung-Tae Ha1, Sung-Sam Hong1, Myung-Mook Han1* 1 IT convergence engineering, Gachon University, South Korea [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract to avoid their detection and to make the analysis difficult. Signature-based detection is commonly used As advances in information technology (IT) affect all for anti-virus software currently to identify malware. areas in the world, cyber-attacks also continue to increase. The signature-based detection registers unique binary Malware has been used for cyber attacks, and the number signatures of malware and then detects the malware by of new malware and variants tends to explode in these checking the signature existence. This method means years, depending on its trendy types. In this study, we that more malware attacks leads to more signatures. It introduce semantic feature generation and new feature becomes very time-consuming to generate and register selection methods for improving the accuracy of malware signatures for various types of malware. Therefore, detection based on API sequences to detect these new there is a need for a new malware detection method in malware and variants. Therefore, one of the existing order to respond efficiently and quickly to such new feature selection methods is chosen because it shows the malware and variants. best performance, and then it is improved to be suitable For this reason, there have been studies on malware for malware detection. In addition, the improved feature detection using behavior-based malware feature selection method is verified by using the Reuter dataset. -
Download (221Kb)
UNPACKING CODE PATTERN FROM PACKED BINARY EXECUTABLE USING EXECUTION UNIT PATTERN BASED SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT ANALYSIS Page 94 of 103 Bibliography “AV-TEST, The Independent IT-Security Institute.” , 2018, URL https://www. av-test.org/en/statistics/malware/. Al-Anezi, M. M. K., “Generic packing detection using several complexity analysis for accurate malware detection,” International journal of advanced computer science and applications, volume 5(1), 2015. Alimehr, L., “The performance of sequence alignment algorithms,” , 2013. Armadillo, “Armadillo, Overlays packer and obfuscator,” , 2017, URL http: //the-armadillo-software-protection-system.software.informer.com, (Date last accessed 1 March 2017). Banin, S., Shalaginov, A., and Franke, K., “Memory access patterns for malware detec- tion,” , 2016. Bazrafshan, Z., Hashemi, H., Fard, S. M. H., and Hamzeh, A., “A survey on heuris- tic malware detection techniques,” in “Information and Knowledge Technology (IKT), 2013 5th Conference on,” pp. 113–120, IEEE, 2013. Beek, C., Dinkar, D., Gund, Y., and Others, “McAfee Labs threats report,” McAfee Inc., Santa Clara, CA. Available: https://www.mcafee.com/us/resources/reports/rp- quarterly-threats-dec-2017.pdf, 2017. Bellard, F., “Qemu: Open source processor emulator, 2008,” URL http://savannah. nongnu. org/projects/qemu, 2009. Benninger, C. A., Maitland: analysis of packed and encrypted malware via paravirtu- alization extensions, Ph.D. thesis, University of Victoria, 2012. Berdajs, J. and Bosnic,´ Z., “Extending applications using an advanced approach to DLL injection and API hooking,” Software: Practice and Experience, volume 40(7) pp. 567– 584, 2010. Andy Asmoro UNPACKING CODE PATTERN FROM PACKED BINARY EXECUTABLE USING EXECUTION UNIT PATTERN BASED SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT ANALYSIS Page 95 of 103 Bergroth, L., Hakonen, H., and Raita, T., “A survey of longest common subsequence algorithms,” in “String Processing and Information Retrieval, 2000. -
Fastdump Pro™
HBGary Responder™ User Guide 1 HBGary, Inc. 3604 Fair Oaks Blvd, Suite 250 Sacramento, CA 95864 http://www.hbgary.com/ Copyright © 2003 - 2010, HBGary, Inc. All rights reserved. HBGary Responder™ User Guide 2 Copyright © 2003 - 2010, HBGary, Inc. All rights reserved. HBGary Responder™ User Guide 3 HBGary Responder™ 2.0 User guide Copyright © 2003 - 2010, HBGary, Inc. All rights reserved. HBGary Responder™ User Guide 4 Copyright © 2003 - 2010, HBGary, Inc. All rights reserved. HBGary Responder™ User Guide 5 Contents Copyright and Trademark Information ....................................................................................................... 11 Privacy Information ..................................................................................................................................... 11 Notational Conventions .............................................................................................................................. 12 Contacting Technical Support ..................................................................................................................... 12 Responder™ Installation Prerequisites ....................................................................................................... 13 Minimum Hardware Requirements ........................................................................................................ 13 Prerequisite Software ............................................................................................................................. 13 REcon™