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Programa De Postgrado En Biomedicina Y Biotecnología

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Programa De Postgrado En Biomedicina Y Biotecnología E PROGRAMA DE POSTGRADO EN BIOMEDICINA Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA TRANSCRIPTOMIC ANALYSIS OF HOST-PATHOGEN RELATIONSHIP IN Vibrio vulnificus Memoria presentada por Carla Hernández Cabañero para optar al grado de Doctor con mención internacional por la Universidad de Valencia Dirigida por Dra. Carmen Amaro González Valencia, 2019 La Dra. Carmen Amaro González, catedrática del departamento de Microbiología y Ecología y directora del grupo de Patógenos Acuáticos del Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), ambos de la Universidad de Valencia, certifica que Dña. Carla Hernández Cabañero ha realizado bajo su dirección el trabajo titulado “Transcriptomic analysis of host-pathogen relathionship in Vibrio vulnificus” y autoriza la lectura y defensa de la misma para optar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias Biológicas por la Universidad de Valencia. Y para que así conste a los efectos oportunos, firma la presente en Valencia en Octubre de 2019. Fdo. Carmen Amaro González La Dra. Belén Fouz Rodríguez, profesora contratada del departamento de Microbiología y Ecología y miembro del grupo de Patógenos Acuáticos del Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), ambos de la Universidad de Valencia, certifica que Dña. Carla Hernández Cabañero ha realizado bajo su tutela el trabajo titulado “Transcriptomic analysis of host-pathogen relathionship in Vibrio vulnificus” y autoriza la lectura y defensa de la misma para optar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias Biológicas por la Universidad de Valencia. Y para que así conste a los efectos oportunos, firma la presente en Valencia en Octubre de 2019. Fdo. Belén Fouz Rodríguez “La imaginación es, por excelencia, la habilidad de descubrir, es aquello que penetra en los mundos invisibles que nos rodean, los mundos de la ciencia.” Ada Lovelace “Como investigadora, los momentos inolvidables de mi vida son excepcionales… Cuando el velo que esconde los secretos de la naturaleza de repente se levanta.” Gerty Cory “Por encima de todo, no temas los momentos difíciles. De ellos sale lo mejor.” Rita Levi-Montalcini AGRADECIMIENTOS/ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Me gustaría aprovechar este espacio para dedicar unas líneas a todas las personas que en mayor o menor medida han contribuido a esta tesis, porque si algo tengo claro es que de no haber sido por todos vosotros la finalización de este proyecto no habría sido posible. Por ello, espero consideréis este trabajo tan vuestro como mío. Mi más sincero agradecimiento a mi directora, Carmen Amaro, no solo por haberme dado la oportunidad de formarme en el laboratorio durante el máster y posteriormente haber confiado en mí para la realización de este tesis, sino también por la confianza y el buen trato personal que me has dado durante todos estos años. A Belén Fouz. Supongo que de no haber realizado el TFG contigo no habría terminado trabajando en este laboratorio, así que en primer lugar gracias por eso. Gracias también por ser la tutora de esta tesis, y por los consejos que me has dado durante estos años, tanto en lo referente al trabajo con peces como en las tareas docentes. Tengo que admitir que las prácticas del máster de acuicultura han sido mis favoritas. A todos los compañeros del laboratorio. A los que estaban en un principio, por acogerme como a una más desde el primer momento: a David por ser mi guía en los inicios (sin duda alguna tú me enseñaste a trabajar en el laboratorio); a Miguel por las tardes de temazos y los refranes en Valencià; a Celia, por enseñarme a contar células, calcular mois y hacer qPCRs, y por seguir interesándote por mis avances cuando ya habías dejado el lab; a Amparo, por estar siempre ahí para escuchar, charrar y echar una mano, gracias también por enseñarme a trabajar con animales, desde sangrar conejos hasta muestrear anguilas; y a Eva, por tener siempre respuesta a todas, todas mis dudas. También a los compañeros que han ido llegando después, en especial a Paco, desde el máster sufriendo (y ahogando las penas en cerveza) juntos; y a Vero, mi primera estudiante y una gran ayuda durante dos años (todavía te echo de menos). También a Duarte (por el mes de agosto que pasamos juntos trabajando con Chung- Te), Eli, Amparo Jr., Ana, Omar, Carla Jr., Adrián, Sara, Héctor… En definitiva, a todos los que habéis pasado por el lab, porque todos habéis dejado vuestra huella y me habéis ayudado en algún momento. También a Alba, aunque no de lab sí compañera de despacho. A los compañeros de departamento que me han ayudado, especialmente a Eduardo (por el hielo seco y las medidas de oxígeno) y a Chelo, por ayudarme en los primeros años de docencia. 9 A Rodolfo, por proporcionarme las anguilas y a Lucas y Silvia por su colaboración en las infecciones realizadas en planta de acuarios. También al servicio de secuenciación, en especial a Amparo, por resolver las dudas que me han surgido a lo largo de los años y por prestarme reactivos cuando ha sido necesario. Gracias al grupo de fisiología de peces de la UAB, especialmente a Lluis Tort por permitirme pasar tres meses en su grupo y por supuesto a Felipe y Eva, que no solo me enseñasteis a trabajar con las muestras y datos de microarray sino que me hicisteis sentir como una más cada día que pasé en el laboratorio/despacho. Gracias a los dos también por haber estado siempre dispuestos a un Skype cuando he necesitado reanalizar algunos datos. De la estancia en Barcelona gracias también a mi prima Julia, por tan generosamente acogerme en tu casa y regalarme tantas risas y buenos recuerdos que me llevo conmigo. My second stage was in Blokesch’s Lab in EPFL (Switzerland), so thank you very much Melanie for letting me stay with you and your wonderful group for three months and learn so many things. I really appreciate that you treated me as a member of your group inviting me to both lab and personal meetings. I would also like to thank all the lab mates I met there for the kindly personal trait they gave me not only in the lab, but also in the coffee breaks, lunch time, beer time, dinner time, cinema time… Thank you all for made me feel like anyone else in the group. I’m especially grateful to Audrey and Natàlia for finding me some space in the P2.2 and teaching me everything I know about amoeba and confocal microscopy; and Leonardo for practicing your Spanish with me and giving me a break of English speaking. Thank you also to the FSLE building mates, especially to Olivier, for sharing the earliest and darkest breakfasts I have had in my live, and to Giovanni for being the light in that depressing building and make my days during the last month in Lausanne (you are soooo Italian!). Probably we will NEVER EVER meet again but I wish you all the best guys. A mis amigas, Lucía, Bea, Miriam, Rocío y Ana. Porque aunque cada vez nos juntemos menos (por la tesis y otras circunstancias) seguimos estando ahí las unas para las otras. A mi grupo paranormaaaaal (¿de verdad vamos a dejar esto como nombre de grupo para la eternidad?). Cris, Vicent, Víctor (estoy absolutamente convencida de que nadie me ha preguntado tanto “¿CÓMO VA LA TESIS?” como tú) y Álvaro, porque aunque penséis que soy una asesina de anguilas, con vosotros siempre he podido desconectar de la tesis. A Víctor también le agradezco las clases de Python (quizá no te lo creas, pero me han ayudado a entender muchas cosas). 10 A los compañeros de carrera que acabaron siendo amigos, Cris (otra vez), Edgar, David y Elena (aunque nos veamos poquísimo). También a Juan y los compañeros de excursiones, que con el tiempo se han cambiado por horchatas y chocolates. A TODA mi familia (¡y somos muchos!), al Gen Hernández, a los Cabañero y a los postizos (los García-Navarro y Martínez-Cantos). Gracias a todos por formar parte de mi vida durante tantos años. Mención especial a mi tía Ana (una mezcla entre segunda madre y hermana mayor), gracias por fundar la casa del Joe y la beca Hernández, que me dieron cobijo en Valencia durante 6 años, por los viajes, las clases de estadística, de flamenco… gracias por todo. Y a Marta, por los años (y locuras) compartidos en la casa del Joe, y especialmente por ocuparse del diseño de la portada de esta tesis. También a los peludos de 4 patas de la familia que dan tanto sin pedir nada, los que están y los que ya no están, pero que nos han alegrado la vida compartiendo paseos y siestas con nosotros. A mis padres, por haber echo de mí la persona que soy, por enseñarme que la constancia y el esfuerzo son las mejores armas para luchar y conseguir mis objetivos, por animarme y apoyarme (sentimental y económicamente) en todas mis decisiones, y en los últimos años, por preocuparos de si se morían o no las anguilas y/o “los bichos”. Sin vosotros no habría llegado hasta aquí. Gracias también por haberme dado la mejor amiga que podría tener, mi hermana, porque pese a ser tan distintas (o no) no se me ocurre nadie mejor con quien compartir momentos (buenos y malos) en la vida, ya sea juntas en casa o en la distancia. A Álvaro, por cargar conmigo la peor parte de esta tesis, por aguantar mi interminable verborrea sobre microarrays, qPCRs, genes y mutantes (sobre todo los días en que llegaba a casa cabreada), aceptando también las estancias que nos han separado a temporadas, los domingos de laboratorio, los fines de semana de escritura de tesis… En definitiva, gracias por cruzarte en mi vida y quedarte en ella.
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