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Issues; Edited by Nancy Bogan 17 Special Rate for Individuals, $4 for One Year, Surface Mail; for Those Overseas Who Want to Receive Their Issues by Air Mail, $8 11* H J ^w> ^'iWWHW «, ^Jfe DLAK€ N€WSL€TT€R 25 / AN ILLUSTRAT€D QUART€RLY VOL. 7 NO. 1 SUMM€R 1973 Published quarterly under the sponsorship of the Department of English of the University of New Notes Mexico. Support for bibliographical assistance provided by the University of California, Berkeley. Martin Butlin, Five Blakes from a Nineteenth-Century Scottish Collection Morton D. Paley, Executive Editor* University of California, Berkeley. Geoffrey Keynes, William Blake and Bart's Morris Eaves, Managing Editor* University of New Mexico. Michael Phillips, Associate Editor* University of Checklist Edinburgh. A Checklist of Recent Blake Scholarship, Michael Davies and Judith Wallick Page, Editorial August 1972-September 1973, compiled by Assistants for Production* University of New Mexico. Gregory Candela, Marta Field, and Foster Foreman Graham Conley, Editorial Assistant for Subscriptions, University of New Mexico. Foster Foreman, Bibliographer, University of Cali• Reviews fornia, Berkeley. Manuscripts are welcome. Send two copies either to BBC Blake: Morton D. Paley on two Morton Paley, Dept. of English, Univ. of California, BBC films, Tyger, Tyger and William Blake 16 Berkeley, Ca. 94720, or to Morris Eaves, Dept. of English, Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, N.M. 87131 Francis Wood Metcalf on the Brown University Press-New York Public Library facsimile of The Book of Thel Subscriptions are $5 for one year, four issues; edited by Nancy Bogan 17 special rate for individuals, $4 for one year, surface mail; for those overseas who want to receive their issues by air mail, $8. U.S. currency if Deirdre Toomey on the first volume of possible. Make checks payable to the Blake News• William Blake: Book Illustrator by Roger letter. Address all subscription orders and related R. Easson and Robert N. Essick 19 communications to Morris Eaves, Managing Editor. Morris Eaves on the York Some back issues are available. Address Morris University videotapes about America Eaves, Managing Editor. Prices: whole numbers 14, and Visions of the Daughters of Albion 15, and 21, $2 each. Whole numbers 17-18 (combined produced and directed by Janet Warner, issue containing Robert Essick's Finding List of John Sutherland, and Robert Wallace Reproductions of Blake's Art* 160 pages), $5. Whole number 20 (A Handlist of Works by William Katharine M. Briggs on The Sports Blake in the Department of Prints & Drawings of -the of Cruelty: Fairies3 Folk-songs, Charms, British Museum* edited by G. E. Bentley, Jr.), $3. and Other Country Matters in the Work of William Blake by John Adlard The ISSN (International Standard Serial Number) of the Blake Newsletter is 0006-453X. Copyright ©1974 by Morton D. Paley and Morris Eaves NOT€S FIV€ BLAK€S FROM A 19TH-C€NTURY SCOTTISH COLL€CTION Martin Dutlin Five Blakes from the collection of Barron Grahame, includes "The Plague" immediately before "The Fire FSA, of Morphie, Scotland (or "N.B." for North of London," presumably meaning the plague of 1665. Britain, as it was called in other catalogues of David Bindman, in discussing this group of works in sales from his collection), sold at Sotheby's on 15 William Blake: Essays in honour of Sir Geoffrey March 1878, have recently re-appeared in Scotland. Keynes, 1973 ("Blake's 'Gothicised Imagination' and Two now belong to Donald Davidson, three to David the History of England," p. 46), tentatively J. Black, all five coming from the collection of suggests that the "Plague," "Fire" and "Famine" of Robert Carfrae junr., whose father seems to have which versions were painted for Thomas Butts, in and acquired them at the time of the Grahame sale, two about 1805, were originally an offshoot of the examples being inscribed on the back with some English history series; Mr. Davidson's watercolor variation of "B. Grahame sale London 1878" (see confirms this suggestion at least in the case of illus. 3). "Plague," of which there are in all no fewer than five versions, in which the composition evolves The Grahame sale included two lots containing from a rather labored neo-classicism in the manner works attributed to Blake. Lot 22 consisted of six of Benjamin West to a much more economical example "sketches in pencil, etc., of various subjects," of Blake's mature style. and Lot 23 of "God Appearing to Adam and Eve, indian ink, fine, and another, pen and ink." Both lots The recto of Mr. Davidson's other drawing were bought, for £2.11.0 and £5.7.6 respectively, by (illus. 2), in pen and wash, is similar in style and "Chalmers," possibly on commission for, or a general subject though rather larger, 7x8 11/16 pseudonym of, Robert Carfrae senr. Of the five in. (17.7 x 22.1 cm.). It shows an angel, borne up works now known one is in pen and watercolor, one by a heavy cloud, flying over a town square and in pen and ink wash alone, and three in pencil, the brandishing a partly erased sword which seems to first two being those belonging to Donald Davidson. have set alight the temple in the background within Three, including the "God Appearing to Adam and which cower a group of inhabitants; in the foreground Eve," are still missing. is a similar group, of father, mother and child, the last being apparently sick or dead. No other version The watercolor (illus. 1) is what seems to be of this composition is known today, but it is the earliest known version of "Pestilence" or tempting to see it as the first sketch for the lost "Plague," and is a sketch for the somewhat larger Royal Academy exhibit of 1784, no. 427, "War watercolor, at present untraced but known from a unchained by an Angel, Fire, Pestilence, and Famine reproduction in The Connoisseur, 93 (1934), 209, following." The date "June 1783" in the lower where it is said to measure 10 3/4 x 7 1/4 in. (27.5 right-hand corner (again partly lost through x 18.5 cm.). The newly re-discovered work, inscribed trimming) lends some support to this identification, "WB" in the lower right-hand corner (not necessarily though it is not definitely in Blake's hand. The by Blake and partly lost through trimming) and "Lord sketch is bolder and more accomplished than "The have m§J2 ["mercy"] on us" on the door shown on the Plague," though Blake's developing imaginative left, measures 5 7/16 x 7 5/16 in. (13.8 x 18.6 cm.), powers are not yet matched by his technique. the same size as the series of illustrations to English history of c. 1779, which it also resembles in style and technique. Blake's list of English On the reverse of this drawing in pen and wash history subjects, written in his Notebook in 1793, are a number of studies in pencil, much more assured but probably related to the project of c. 1779, in technique though less imaginative and individual 1 (top) "Pestilence," first version by Blake, Martin Butlin is Keeper of the British Collection c. 1779. Pen and watercolor 5 7/16 x 7 5/16 in. at the Tate Gallery, London, and a specialist on (13.8 x 18.6 cm.). Donald Davidson collection. the work of Blake and J. M. W. Turner. He is the author of William Blake: A Complete Catalogue of 2 Sketch for "War unchained by an Angel, Fire, the Works in the Tate Gallery and of many articles Pestilence, and Famine following" by Blake, dated on Blake that have appeared in the Newsletter. June 1783. Pen and wash 7x8 11/16 in. (17.7 x He is compiling a complete catalogue of Blake's 22.1 cm.). Donald Davidson collection. paintings, watercolors, and drawings. '* * »» * ii * 7 \ : • /h' - y 7 reverse, but with the fascinating addition of an extra figure on the left (that is, on the right had it been included in the engraving). It measures 6 5/16 x 13 3/8 (16 x 34 cm.). The engraved plate shows Vala, Hyle and Skofield; the additional figure, to follow a suggestion of Morton D. Paley, is probably Hand. The paper shows signs of having been folded back twice, once to eliminate this extra figure, the other time to eliminate that of Skofield as well. Another of the pencil drawings (illus. 5) is similar in style and scale to a number of drawings s associated with the illuminated books, particularly Jerusalem, but cannot be related to any one plate (see the drawing for Jerusalem pi. 37, repro. Sir Geoffrey Keynes, Drawings of William Blake, 1970, no. 55, and also his no. 50, for which see Frederic Cummings in exhibition catalogue, Romantic Art in 1 Britain, Detroit and Philadelphia, 1968, Anne T. Kostelanetz's review in the Blake Newsletter, 2 [1968-69], 5-6, and Frederic Cummings' reply in same, pp. 46-48). It is a variant of a recurrent and particularly expressive motif in Blake's art, the figure seen from the front but leaning forward 3 (left top) Verso of 2: studies by Blake for so far that the hair falls away from the neck the frontispiece to Benjamin Mai kin's A Father's enabling one to see the bare neck and shoulders; Memoirs of his Child, published 1806. Pencil on examples are on page 68 of Vala and the figure of sheet 8 11/16 x 7 in. (22.1 x 17.7 cm.). Eve in "The Body of Abel found by Adam and Eve" (repro. G. E. Bentley, Jr., William Blake: Vala or The Four Zoas, 1963, and Geoffrey Keynes, William 4 (left bottom) Study for Jerusalem plate 51 Blake's Illustrations to the Bible, 1957, pis.
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