Plant Science Syngenta R&D The Challenge: & Agricultural Capabilities Worldwide Feeding the World

Biotechnology R&D at Syngenta unites world-class scientists, state-of-the-art facilities and cutting-edge platform By the year 2050, it’s projected that global population will increase to more than Plant biotechnology incorporates modern plant breeding techniques and other technology in integrated research programs and collaboration to bring plant potential to life. 9 billion people from about 6.5 billion now. This population jump will increase calorie scientific advances in , gene technology and bioinformatics (the application demand by over 50 percent. In fact, the Food and Agricultural Organization of the estimates that food production will have to double to meet that need. of information technology to life science) to develop safe and effective solutions that JEALOTT’S HILL can enable farmers to grow more from less. Chemical Discovery, Weed Control, ENKHUIZEN Why? Because, in addition to more people at the table, people in developing nations Formulation, Bioscience, Environmental Science BEIJING Vegetables & Flowers R&D Syngenta Biotechnology (SBC) will have a greater appetite for animal protein which requires even more grain for The first truly recognized development in plant biotechnology was accomplished Biotechnology animal feed. nearly 300 years ago with flowers by Thomas Fairchild. He cross-bred Sweet Landskrona Sugarbeet R&D William and Carnation to create a completely new plant called “Fairchild’s Mule.” So what’s the problem with that? Well, farmland is limited and is even shrinking. His cross-bred plant was the beginning of hybrids. Only about 30 percent of land worldwide can be used for farming, but every year some of that goes to provide living areas for the growing population. The only In the late 1800s, Luther Burbank applied Fairchild’s process of cross-breeding to available land is forests, and every acre that is transferred to farming has negative . Peaches, plums, prunes and berries benefited from his hybrid work, but the that he’s most known for is environmental consequences. In addition, within 15 years, almost 40 percent of the potatoes. His variety, the Russett Burbank, is still widely grown. global population will be experiencing severe water limitations. GREENSBORO Formulation So by 2050, how will Syngenta help growers feed 9 billion people on less farmland than we have now and without Plant biotechnology has become far more refined since then, but the purpose has stayed the same. Burbank Environmental Science and Fairchild wanted to create the best plant they could. Today, the same basic principles of biotechnology are GOA further exhausting our already stressed water resources? Biotechnology is an increasingly important part of the answer. combined with advanced techniques to ensure specific beneficial traits are passed along each time to create higher Chemistry yielding, more efficient crops. The benefits this technology has created are numerous; most importantly, they include:

• Increased Yield By modifying the genetic code of a plant to be resistant to an insect or a disease, Biotechnology Is All Around Us TOULOUSE growers can have a higher yield. Growers are able to produce more food on the same Cereals, Sunflower acreage as before, which will help meet the calorie demand for 9 billion people in 2050. Research Triangle Park and Vegetables R&D In general, the term biotechnology describes various medical, agricultural and industrial techniques that use living OTHER SITES: • Lower Input Cost Growers who plant varieties that have disease or insect resistance built in will Syngenta Biotechnology, Inc. (SBI) organisms to create new — or improve existing — products and processes. Biotechnology STEIN • Marker-assisted and require fewer sprays to adequately protect their crop, keeping input costs down. , & breeding capabilities Professional Products • Global field station network • Improved Efficiency Because they need fewer crop protection products, growers are out in their Biotechnology isn’t new and it happens around us all day, every day. Bread, for instance, is the result of fields less, which saves them time and fuel cost. biotechnology. More than seven thousand years ago, Egyptians discovered that yeast would make dough rise • Reduced Carbon Footprint By spending less time in the field, growers are emitting less carbon Have you thought about into bread. In ancient times, people learned that bacteria enables milk to transform into many versatile and tasty For more information on biotechnology at Syngenta, please contact: into the air from their machinery and crop application equipment. This helps our environment. cheese products. • Improved Nutrition and Quality Some crops, such as Golden , have been genetically Syngenta Biotechnology, Inc. Syngenta Biotechnology China how to feed fortified to provide better nutrition or even improve quality for use in certain commercial processes. +1 919-541-8500 +86 59795885 Egyptians discovered that grape juice can be fermented to make wine. Fermentation was the beginning of many 3054 East Cornwallis Road Zhongguancun Life Science Park biotechnology discoveries. Important products such as penicillin were discovered thanks to fermentation Research Triangle Park, N.C. 27709 Changping District, Beijing 102206 of raw ingredients like yeast and maize. With the development of penicillin in the mid- www.syngentabiotech.com www.syngentabiotech.com.cn 9 billion people? 20th century, biotechnology took off.

Over the last few decades, the tools of biotechnology have become Mary-Dell Chilton: more refined as a result of advances in science. Scientists can now ©2010 Syngenta Biotechnology, Inc., 3054 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. precisely identify some of the individual genes responsible for Trailblazer in Plant Gene Modification Important: Always read and follow label instructions before buying or using Syngenta products. The instructions We have. producing a particular characteristic. While on faculty at Washington University in St. Louis, Mo., during the late 1970s and early 1980s, Dr. contain important conditions of sale, including limitations of warranty and remedy. Agrisure®, Agrisure Artesian™, Agrisure Viptera™, AMS™, Aphid Management System™, VipCot™ and the Syngenta logo are Made up of hereditary material called deoxyribonucleic acid Mary-Dell Chilton, principal science fellow and founder of Syngenta Biotechnology, Inc. (SBI), led a trademarks of a Syngenta Group Company. The VipCot trait is not currently approved for sale or use in the U.S. and is not being collaborative research study that produced the first transgenic (genetically modified) plants. Her work offered or promoted for sale. Seed containing these traits will not be available for sale until all necessary regulatory approvals and (DNA), genes are crucial in determining the characteristics pioneered the field of agricultural biotechnology and forever changed the way plant genetic research authorizations have been granted. of living things. They are found in almost every cell of ® was conducted. She was recognized for her ground-breaking research in 2002 with a Benjamin GeneChip is a registered trademark of Affymetrix. every organism. As more genes are being identified every Franklin Medal in Life Sciences. Previous winners include Alexander Graham Bell, Thomas Edison, day, they can be used to develop new characteristics and Pierre and Marie Curie, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking. Today she remains dedicated to science, G&S 400.30901 (3/11) SCP 950-00135-B properties (called traits). This is particularly true in plants. conducting research at SBI and working to further the progress of agricultural biotechnology. Syngenta and Biotechnology: An OVERVIEW • MIR162 is a new insect control event for corn, which is marketed as the Agrisure Viptera™ trait and contains the Vip3A protein, which protects against the broadest spectrum of insect pests to date. Bringing Plant Potential to Life About and U.S. Adoption of Biotechnology Syngenta: • Stacked combinations of Syngenta corn traits, including broad-spectrum insect protection, Genetic Research Global and dual tolerance. At Syngenta, genetic research is approached from two directions: transgenic and advanced breeding. Products developed through agricultural biotechnology have been adopted by growers around the Syngenta is a world-leading with a proven track record in delivering innovative new products • VipCot™, the breeding stack of COT102, containing the novel Vip3A protein, and COT67B, containing the world at an unprecedented rate due to the benefits they deliver. through biotechnology research and development. Cry1Ab protein, brings much needed support to Southern growers, who face persistent pressure from • Transgenic: cotton bollworm, budworm and the entire armyworm complex. Genetically modified plants are developed by introducing and incorporating a specific trait (gene) from one species GM crops have been one of the fastest- Syngenta invests about $1 billion per year in research and development and employs more than 4,000 R&D of plant or organism into the genome of another plant to enhance or protect the crop. This improvement can be adopted technologies in today. scientists worldwide to develop new solutions for farmers. An increasing amount of those solutions are Biotechnology research at Syngenta focuses on development of new containing input traits (designed to for a variety of purposes, from insect resistance or herbicide tolerance to helping plants grow better in low water Since they usually include traits like disease, Rapid Growth in Adoption of Genetically Engineered biotechnology based. improve and enhance yield) and output traits (designed to enhance the value of the crop to the end user). Syngenta conditions such as drought. insect or herbicide resistance, this reduces field Crops Continues in the U.S. Percent of acres is uniquely positioned to deliver technology solutions to farmers for the challenges that they face every day maintenance and lowers input costs and time in 100 Syngenta Biotechnology, Inc. (SBI) is the global center of biotechnology research and development for Syngenta and to feed the world. We work to develop solutions by incorporating technology applications across genetics, Since all living organisms contain DNA, desirable traits can be found anywhere from microorganisms to other plants. the field, minimizing the farmer’s impact on our has been in the heart of biotech research in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina for more than a quarter century. Once a desired trait is identified, that specific piece of DNA is isolated from the organism and then introduced biotechnology, seed treatment and crop protection products. environment. GM crops also lead to increased 80 SBI researchers use a combination of science and cutting-edge technology to develop innovative solutions that help into the appropriate crop. Though there are several methods to do this, -mediated transformation, yield and quality, allowing growers to truly grow meet the world’s growing need for food, feed, fuel and fiber. which inserts the desired trait directly into the plant’s genome, is a preferred method. Following insertion of the trait, more from the same (or less) land and water 60 from Discovery to the plant treats the trait as its own gene and synthesizes the protein. A series of studies examining the stability, resources. According to ISAAA reports from HT Soybeans To further its reach and build additional R&D capabilities, Syngenta opened Syngenta Biotechnology China Co. Ltd overall product safety and other aspects of the new transgenic plant, gene and protein are then conducted. This HT Cotton 2009, 77 percent of soybeans, 49 percent 40 (SBC), in Beijing in 2008. SBC was the first foreign-funded agricultural biotech research institution in China. SBC has The Long Road Commercialization process of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is one that Syngenta scientist Dr. Mary-Dell Chilton of cotton, 26 percent of corn (maize) and 21 a global scope and complements the biotech research activities at SBI. China is heavily dependent upon agriculture, pioneered more than 30 years ago. Bt Corn percent of canola grown worldwide is GM. 20 from both a production and a consumption perspective. In the days of ever-decreasing arable land and water Genetic modification (the process of changing the genetic makeup of a particular organism to alter its characteristics HT Corn • resources, and with the increasing population, the Chinese government has made a strong commitment to develop or behavior) is one technique of modern biotechnology. The process of creating an effective genetically modified plant ADVANCED BREEDING: Syngenta is a leader in agricultural 0 agricultural biotechnology to ensure food security. (also known as a GM plant) is a long and resource-intensive one, often taking 10 years and around $100 million from It is now possible to know the entire genomic sequence of an organism in a few days. This new genome-wide biotechnology. In fact, we were the first to bring 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 initial discovery to commercialization. The following chart details the process: perspective allows for gene discovery and association of gene(s) to desirable traits. As a result, thousands of genes Data for each crop category include varieties with both HT and Bt (stacked) traits. GM crops to market with corn and tomatoes. Sources: 1996-1999 data are from Fernandez-Comejo and McBride (2002). have been identified and mapped to a location on specific chromosomes for many organisms. Syngenta continues to innovate and maintains Data for 2000-10 are available in the ERS data product. Adoption of Genetically Syngenta Biotech Innovation Means More Choices and Opportunities for Farmers a strong pipeline of products that will help Engineered Crops in the U.S., tables 1-3. By examining differences within genomes of different crop varieties we can exploit the benefits of natural genetic meet the changing needs and challenges that Syngenta makes a strong company-wide investment in biotechnology research, which allows Research Development Life Cycle Management diversity within the crop. These differences that reside in the respective genes are called polymorphisms. farmers will face in the future. its scientists to bring innovative products to market that give farmers more choices and Polymorphisms are studied and organized using powerful genomic computer programs and technologies like the greater opportunities for success in their operations. These solutions include: ® Proof Early Late Pre- GeneChip . This information is applied in marker-assisted breeding where a trait of interest is selected not based on Discovery of Concept Development Development Commercial Commercial Discontinue the gene that controls the trait itself but on a marker linked to it. Markers do not influence the trait of interest but are Biotech Crops and the Future • Bt176, the industry’s first commercial biotech (genetically modified) corn, registered in 1995. genetically linked so that they always appear with the gene of interest. Marker-assisted breeding allows desirable ® As world population grows at an unprecedented rate, it becomes more imperative that companies like Syngenta • Bt11, marketed as Agrisure CB/LL corn hybrids, combines Bt11 mediated corn borer Seek novel Show technical Create & evaluate Select Sales and Initiate sales and Stop sales and traits such as higher yield, increased nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency, better water use or improved quality to be genes and feasability commercial potential commercial production optimize market implement directly bred for in the field. find ways to help farmers produce more food with fewer resources. control with tolerance to glufosinate herbicide. technologies candidates candidates plans for target strategy discontinuation • MIR604, marketed as Agrisure RW corn hybrids, contains the mCry3Aa protein, markets plan The mandate is clear: we will need to produce about twice the amount of crops as today with the same or fewer Initiate regulatory SBI and SBC work together in teams with Syngenta Seeds, Syngenta Seed Care and Syngenta Crop Protection to which protects corn from damage by corn rootworm. studies Submit and resources. To do this, companies must innovate, and the global community must openly accept what it will take gain regulatory provide farmers complete solutions to meet their individual needs. Our products are created with farmers, consumers and to ensure production. • GA21, marketed as Agrisure GT corn hybrids, which is resistant to , approvals the environment in mind and are evaluated and studied extensively. We understand and respect that environmental and a popular herbicide option for growers. human safety cannot be compromised. Syngenta actively seeks and works with global regulatory agencies for responsible Find out more about how Syngenta is helping “grow more from less” by visiting stewardship and regulation of our biotechnology products. www.growmorefromless.com.

1984 1993 1995 1996 2000 2002 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 The Future Syngenta legacy company, In samples collected from U.S. regulatory agencies Ciba-Geigy and Sandoz Syngenta is formed by merging the Syngenta was one of Syngenta donates new Golden A global Syngenta team Syngenta commercializes SBI scientists submit MIR162 for regulatory Syngenta opens a new biotech research and technology center, Science magazine names Syngenta Syngenta Biotechnology China breaks ground on a larger Syngenta researchers are using innovative Syngenta Biotech Timeline Ciba-Geigy, opens the sour milk, our scientists deregulate Bt176, the first merge to form , at of Novartis and the first two groups to Rice seeds and lines to the submits a regulatory MIR604 (marketed as Agrisure approvals. MIR162, a new insect control event for Syngenta Biotechnology (China) Co Ltd in October in Beijing, as one of the Top 20 Biotech and facility to house 200 employees. science to solve some of the world’s most isolate a bacterial strain and genetically modified corn the time a world leader in AstraZeneca. Syngenta becomes sequence the rice genome. Humanitarian package for GA21 Corn, RW corn hybrids). This contains corn, contains the Vip3A protein and protects China. Its focus is on early-stage evaluation of GM traits and advanced Pharma Employers. pressing problems. Research is underway to doors of its Agricultural SBI leases 100,000 square feet of space and purchases confirm its activity against product ever to be sold and and other a world-leading agri-business SBI researchers use Board. The new Golden Rice enabling Syngenta to fully the mCry3Aa protein which against one of the broadest ranges of insect breeding for key crops such as corn, soy and rice in the areas of yield develop new crops that will withstand attack Celebrating a History Biotechnology Research Syngenta markets the industry’s an additional 50 acres of land in RTP for future expansion. black cutworm, a major planted by U.S. corn growers. products. committed to sustainable agriculture this data to develop a seeds increased pro-Vitamin A commercialize glyphosate protects corn from several pests to date. improvement, drought resistance, and disease control. from insects and diseases, be tolerant to Center in Research first fully-integrated soybean Aphid corn pest. It was isolated Our scientists developed the through innovative research comprehensive marker levels more than 20-fold over tolerant GA21 corn hybrids, species of corn rootworm. MIR162, marketed as the Agrisure Viptera trait, herbicide application, withstand a range of Triangle Park, N.C. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency approves the VipCot cotton Management System™ (AMS™), of Innovative Research and characterized, and Cry1Ab gene used in Bt176, and technology. map for corn. the original Golden Rice. This marketed as Agrisure GT. receives regulatory approval. environmental stresses, and provide growers trait, the first commercial registration of any Vip3A based product. which brings together seeds, traits then identified asVip3A , an which confers resistance to new product will save lives, with new options to bring plant potential to life. The RTP facility is named Syngenta and chemistry to control up to 90 Syngenta launches Agrisure Artesian™ Technology, insecticidal protein with a the European corn borer, a prevent night blindness, and and Development Biotechnology, Inc. (SBI). percent of aphids throughout the the first water-optimized technology for corn hybrids. new mode of action against devastating insect pest. help millions of children in growing season. The technology was created through years of advanced insect pests. developing countries. breeding efforts at SBI.