All Html Documents Must Start With
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Beautiful Soup Documentation Release 4.4.0
Beautiful Soup Documentation Release 4.4.0 Leonard Richardson Dec 24, 2019 Contents 1 Getting help 3 2 Quick Start 5 3 Installing Beautiful Soup 9 3.1 Problems after installation........................................9 3.2 Installing a parser............................................ 10 4 Making the soup 13 5 Kinds of objects 15 5.1 Tag .................................................... 15 5.2 NavigableString .......................................... 17 5.3 BeautifulSoup ............................................ 18 5.4 Comments and other special strings................................... 18 6 Navigating the tree 21 6.1 Going down............................................... 21 6.2 Going up................................................. 24 6.3 Going sideways.............................................. 25 6.4 Going back and forth........................................... 27 7 Searching the tree 29 7.1 Kinds of filters.............................................. 29 7.2 find_all() .............................................. 32 7.3 Calling a tag is like calling find_all() ............................... 36 7.4 find() ................................................. 36 7.5 find_parents() and find_parent() .............................. 37 7.6 find_next_siblings() and find_next_sibling() .................... 37 7.7 find_previous_siblings() and find_previous_sibling() .............. 38 7.8 find_all_next() and find_next() ............................... 38 7.9 find_all_previous() and find_previous() ....................... -
Introduction to HTML5
"Charting the Course ... ... to Your Success!" Introduction to HTML5 Course Summary Description HTML5 is not merely an improvement on previous versions, but instead a complete re-engineering of browser-based markup. It transforms HTML from a document description language to an effective client platform for hosting web applications. For the first time developers have native support for creating charts and diagrams, playing audio and video, caching data locally and validating user input. When combined with related standards like CSS3, Web Sockets and Web Workers it is possible to build ‘Rich Web Applications’ that meet modern usability requirements without resorting to proprietary technologies such as Flash and Silverlight. This course enables experienced developers to make use of all the features arriving in HTML5 and related specifications. During the course delegates incrementally build a user interface for a sample web application, making use of all the new features as they are taught. By default the course uses the Dojo Framework to simplify client-side JavaScript and delegates are presented with server-side code written in Spring MVC 3. Other technology combinations are possible if required. Topics Review of the Evolution of HTML Playing Audio and Video Better Support for Data Entry Hosting Clients in HTML5 Support for Drawing Images and Standards Related to HTML5 Diagrams Prerequisites Students should have experience of web application development in a modern environment such as JEE, ASP .NET, Ruby on Rails or Django. They must be very familiar with HTML4 and/or XHTML and the fundamentals of programming in JavaScript. If this is not the case then an additional ‘primer’ day can be added to the delivery. -
Consonant Characters and Inherent Vowels
Global Design: Characters, Language, and More Richard Ishida W3C Internationalization Activity Lead Copyright © 2005 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio) slide 1 Getting more information W3C Internationalization Activity http://www.w3.org/International/ Copyright © 2005 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio) slide 2 Outline Character encoding: What's that all about? Characters: What do I need to do? Characters: Using escapes Language: Two types of declaration Language: The new language tag values Text size Navigating to localized pages Copyright © 2005 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio) slide 3 Character encoding Character encoding: What's that all about? Copyright © 2005 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio) slide 4 Character encoding The Enigma Photo by David Blaikie Copyright © 2005 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio) slide 5 Character encoding Berber 4,000 BC Copyright © 2005 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio) slide 6 Character encoding Tifinagh http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x1rh6m_tifinagh_creation Copyright © 2005 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio) slide 7 Character encoding Character set Character set ⴰ ⴱ ⴲ ⴳ ⴴ ⴵ ⴶ ⴷ ⴸ ⴹ ⴺ ⴻ ⴼ ⴽ ⴾ ⴿ ⵀ ⵁ ⵂ ⵃ ⵄ ⵅ ⵆ ⵇ ⵈ ⵉ ⵊ ⵋ ⵌ ⵍ ⵎ ⵏ ⵐ ⵑ ⵒ ⵓ ⵔ ⵕ ⵖ ⵗ ⵘ ⵙ ⵚ ⵛ ⵜ ⵝ ⵞ ⵟ ⵠ ⵢ ⵣ ⵤ ⵥ ⵯ Copyright © 2005 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio) slide 8 Character encoding Coded character set 0 1 2 3 0 1 Coded character set 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 33 (hexadecimal) A B 52 (decimal) C D E F Copyright © 2005 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio) slide 9 Character encoding Code pages ASCII Copyright © 2005 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio) slide 10 Character encoding Code pages ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1) Western Europe ç (E7) Copyright © 2005 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio) slide 11 Character encoding Code pages ISO 8859-7 Greek η (E7) Copyright © 2005 W3C (MIT, ERCIM, Keio) slide 12 Character encoding Double-byte characters Standard Country No. -
Picking a Rendering Mode
1245xAPPA 7/17/02 9:26 AM Page 1 PICKING A RENDERING MODE Standing in the middle of yesterday Where it all went wrong—where we made mistakes I’m sorry for the things I forgot to say But it won’t be long until it will be okay —RAINE M AIDA SUPPOSE YOU’VE SPENT A FEW YEARS and several million dollars developing a product that rapidly scans Dewey Decimal numbers on book spines and sends those num- bers to a central database. This enables libraries to keep track of what they physically have on hand. You sell your product to hundreds of libraries all over the country and get a lot of rave reviews. Then one day a large number of libraries decide to abandon Dewey and go to an alternate system, one that allows for more expansion. Many of your customers will be making this switch, but they still want to use your device. They’re willing to pay for an upgrade, and you could provide one, but if you change the product to use this new system, it won’t read the Dewey numbers any- more. That would prevent your other, Dewey-based clients from buying the upgrade and would turn away some new customers. 1245xAPPA 7/17/02 9:26 AM Page 2 2 The simple answer is to build both systems into the device and put a switch on the side so that users can pick which scanning mode they want. This gives you a more flexible device that doesn’t turn away any customers. -
Doctype Switching in Modern Browsers
Thomas Vervik, July 2007 Doctype switching in modern browsers Summary: Some modern browsers have two rendering modes. Quirk mode renders an HTML document like older browsers used to do it, e.g. Netscape 4, Internet Explorer 4 and 5. Standard mode renders a page according to W3C recommendations. Depending on the document type declaration present in the HTML document, the browser will switch into either quirk mode, almost standard or standard mode. If there is no document type declaration present, the browser will switch into quirk mode. This paragraph summaries this article. I will explain how the main browsers on the marked today determine which rendering mode to use when rendering the (x)html documents they receive. I have tested nearly all my assertions in Internet Explorer 6, Firefix 2 and Opera 9.02. The validation is done at the official W3 validation page http://validator.w3.org. Some of my assertions are tested using pages on the net. This is done when testing the media types ‘text/html’ and ‘application/xhtml+xml’with html and xhtml with both legal and illegal syntax. My previous article was full of vague assertions and even things that were directly wrong. This should not be the case in this article where nearly all the assertions are tested. One section I should be humble about is the ‘Doctype dissection’. Finding good sources decribing these in more detail than pages and books just briefly describing their syntax proved hard, but I have done my best and have also described in the text which section I’m certain about and the one I am more uncertain about. -
Demo: Html5 Structure
Demo: html5 structure Simple Text/Web Editor • TextEdit –make plain text (osx) • Notepad++ (windows) • TextWrangler (osx) • Coda 2 (osx) • Sublime Text 2 (osx & windows) • Brackets (osx & windows) General Workflow (nomadic version) • Set up/verify web folder on local hard drive • Set up FTP (file transfer protocol) client • Download web files (html, css, jpg, gif, png) from server to local folder • Open/create web files from the local web folder (ONLY) • Edit web files • Test locally in browser (chrome) • Chrome inspect element • Validate code (w3c validator) • Upload web files from local drive to server • Test live in browser (multiple browsers) Coda 2 Setup • Launch Coda • Add new site o Nickname > general site keywords o Protocol > SFTP o Server > redwood.colorado.edu o User Name > youridentikey o Password > your redwood password o Root URL > http://redwood.colorado.edu/youridentikey ! Include subdirectory if applicable o Local URL > leave blank (advanced local server feature) o Remote Root > blank for root directory ! Subdirectory if applicable o Local Root > Set to local web folder • Double click on site thumbnail to launch • Select Files • Verify local and remote (server) connection • !!!Coda bug – Quit Coda and re-launch application • Double click on site thumbnail again • Test o Open local html page o Make minor change (carriage return) o Save o Badge should pop up on publish icon • Good to go. What is html? • acronym for hypertext markup language • hypertext means ability jump to another document (links) • markup is a language for describing web pages. • markup tags define the structure of content in web pages • “view source” in any browser to see the html markup of a webpage html tags • html markup is called “tags” • tags are special keywords surrounded by angle brackets o <html> <body><head><title> • html tags normally come in pairs o <p> …. -
Second Exam December 19, 2007 Student ID: 9999 Exam: 2711 CS-081/Vickery Page 1 of 5
Perfect Student Second Exam December 19, 2007 Student ID: 9999 Exam: 2711 CS-081/Vickery Page 1 of 5 NOTE: It is my policy to give a failing grade in the course to any student who either gives or receives aid on any exam or quiz. INSTRUCTIONS: Circle the letter of the one best answer for each question. 1. Which of the following is a significant difference between Windows and Unix for web developers? A. The Apache web server works only on Windows, not on Unix. B. Dreamweaver cannot be used to develop web sites that will be hosted on Unix. C. File and directory names are case-sensitive on Unix, but not on Windows; you have to do a case- sensitive link check if you develop pages on Windows but they might be copied to a Unix-hosted server. D. Firefox works only on Unix, not Windows. E. Windows is just another name for Unix; there is no difference between them at all. 2. What is the purpose of the css directory of a web site? A. It holds JavaScript programs. B. It holds XHTML Validation code. C. It holds background images. D. It holds stylesheets. E. It is needed for compatibility with Apache and PHP. 3. What is the purpose of the images directory of a web site? A. To hold the <img> tags for the site. B. To hold the stylesheets for images. C. To differentiate between JPEG and PNG images. D. To hold the imaginary components of the DOCTYPE. E. To hold photographic and graphical images used in the site. -
DOCTYPE Sniffing
06_576429 ch02.qxd 11/18/04 12:28 PM Page 17 2 Document Standards This chapter explores the various options for a document foundation. CSS is a dynamic tool, in that you can use it in more than one type of document, including HTML, XHTML, and XML docu- ments. Each type of document may have several variations, flavors, or degrees of strictness. This chapter describes what’s involved in creating each type. Document standards are something very important to the aspiring CSS web designer. Inclusion of a Document Type Declaration (explained in a moment) and a well-formed document may mean the difference between a splitting, grueling headache and a mark-up document including CSS that works as expected in all the major browsers. Chapter 1 discussed the W3C body, the group assem- bled to decide on web standards. This chapter examines the various documents into which you can incorporate CSS, describing what each document looks like and giving you a few very basic examples of each document in action. The explanation of each topic in the following list is quite lengthy and can easily fill an entire book. This chapter covers only the basics, including ❑ Writing mark-up ❑ Obtaining the required web browsers ❑ Introduction to HTML, XML, and XHTML ❑ Introduction to the Document Type Declaration ❑ DOCTYPECOPYRIGHTED sniffing and how to invoke standards MATERIAL mode ❑ Creating web documents that survive and perpetuate into the foreseeable future Choosing Which Markup Language to Use HTML, XHTML, and XML are all based on SGML, which stands for Standard Generalized Markup Language. SGML is the parent of tag-based languages like HTML, XHTML, and XML, although it is not limited to these three examples. -
A Web Jelölőnyelvei
A Web jelölőnyelvei Jeszenszky Péter Debreceni Egyetem, Informatikai Kar [email protected] Utolsó módosítás: 2020. április 2. A Web jelölőnyelvei ● HTML ● SVG ● MathML 2 HTML ● „A HTML a Web elsődleges leíró nyelve.” ● „[...] egy szemantikai szintű leíró nyelv és a kapcsolódó szemantikai szintű alkalmazásprogramozási interfészek a Weben elérhető oldalak készítéséhez, melyek a statikus dokumentumoktól a dinamikus alkalmazásokig terjednek.” – Lásd: HTML Living Standard (utolsó módosítás: 2020. április 1.) https://html.spec.whatwg.org/ 3 HTML verziók használata (1) ● PowerMapper Software: HTML Version Statistics. https://try.powermapper.com/stats/htmlversions 4 HTML verziók használata (2) ● W3Techs: Usage statistics and market share of HTML for websites https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/ml-htm l 5 HTML 4.01 ● HTML 4.01 Specification (W3C ajánlás, 1999. december 24.; hatálytalanítva: 2018. március 27.) https://www.w3.org/TR/html401/ – Az utolsó SGML-alapú HTML verzió. ● Dokumentumtípus-deklarációk: – Strict: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> – Transitional: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> – Frameset: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd"> ● Média típus: text/html 6 XHTML (1) ● Az XML alkalmazásként definiált HTML szigorúbb szabályokat ír elő a dokumentumok számára, így azok feldolgozása egyszerűbb. ● Különösen lényeges ez a hagyományos asztali gépekhez képest korlátozott lehetőségekkel bíró eszközökénél (például mobil eszközöknél). ● Az XHTML illetve annak modularizációja lehetővé teszi az XHTML kombinálását más XML alkalmazásokkal. – Például MathML és SVG beágyazás XHTML dokumentumokba – ezek a dokumentumok a továbbiakban azonban már nem XHTML dokumentumok. -
Lxmldoc-4.5.0.Pdf
lxml 2020-01-29 Contents Contents 2 I lxml 14 1 lxml 15 Introduction................................................. 15 Documentation............................................... 15 Download.................................................. 16 Mailing list................................................. 17 Bug tracker................................................. 17 License................................................... 17 Old Versions................................................. 17 2 Why lxml? 18 Motto.................................................... 18 Aims..................................................... 18 3 Installing lxml 20 Where to get it................................................ 20 Requirements................................................ 20 Installation................................................. 21 MS Windows............................................. 21 Linux................................................. 21 MacOS-X............................................... 21 Building lxml from dev sources....................................... 22 Using lxml with python-libxml2...................................... 22 Source builds on MS Windows....................................... 22 Source builds on MacOS-X......................................... 22 4 Benchmarks and Speed 23 General notes................................................ 23 How to read the timings........................................... 24 Parsing and Serialising........................................... 24 The ElementTree -
DOCTYPE, Rendering Engines, & Web Inspectors
VC 238 :: Week 02 1 of 4 05 October 2021 week::two DOCTYPE, Rendering Engines, & Web Inspectors A Quick History of Browsers Mosaic, Netscape Navigator, Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari, Chrome, and more… Designing with Web Standards Structure o HTML, HTML5 Presentation o CSS, CSS3 Behavior o ECMAScript (JavaScript; jQuery) o DOM (Document Object Model) Introducing the DOCTYPE Defined o A method of instructing a Web browser which layout mode to use when displaying a page. Modes o Quirks Mode § In the Quirks mode, browsers violate contemporary Web format specifications in order to avoid “breaking” pages authored according to practices that were prevalent in the late 1990s. o Standards Mode (aka: No Quirks Mode) § In the Standards mode, browsers try to give conforming documents the specification-wise correct treatment to the extent implemented in a particular browser. HTML5 calls this mode the “no quirks mode.” o Almost Standards Mode § Firefox, Safari, Chrome, Opera (since 7.5) and IE8 also have a mode known as “Almost Standards mode,” that implements the vertical sizing of table cells traditionally and not rigorously according to the CSS2 specification. HTML5 calls this mode the “limited quirks mode.” Examples o XHTML 1.0 Transitional § <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> o XHTML 1.0 Strict § <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> o HTML5 § <!DOCTYPE html> Sources o http://diveintohtml5.info/semantics.html -
HTML5 Audio 1 HTML5 Audio
HTML5 Audio 1 HTML5 Audio HTML • HTML and HTML5; HTML editor • Dynamic HTML • XHTML • XHTML Basic (Mobile) • XHTML Mobile Profile and C-HTML • HTML element • Span and div • HTML attribute • Character encodings; Unicode • Language code • Document Object Model • Browser Object Model • Style sheets and CSS • Font family and Web colors • HTML scripting and JavaScript • W3C, WHATWG, and validator • Quirks mode • HTML Frames • HTML5 Canvas, WebGL, and WebCL • HTML5 Audio and HTML5 video • Web storage • Web browser (layout) engine • Comparison of • document markup languages • web browsers • layout engine support for • HTML; Non-standard HTML • XHTML (1.1) • HTML5; HTML5 canvas, • HTML5 media (Audio, Video) • v • t [1] • e HTML5 Audio is a subject of the HTML5 specification, investigating audio input, playback, synthesis, as well as speech to text in the browser. HTML5 Audio 2 <audio> element The <audio> element represents a sound, or an audio stream.[2] It is commonly used to play back a single audio file within a web page, showing a GUI widget with play/pause/volume controls. Supported browsers • PC • Google Chrome • Internet Explorer 9 • Mozilla Firefox 3.5 • Opera 10.5 • Safari 3.1[3] • Mobile • Android Browser 2.3 • Blackberry Browser • Google Chrome for Android • Internet Explorer Mobile 9 • Mobile Safari 4 • Mozilla Firefox for Android • Opera Mobile 11 • Tizen Supported audio codecs This table documents the current support for audio codecs by the <audio> element. Browser Operating Formats supported by different web browsers system Ogg