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Business to System Requirements Agile Mapping Business to System Requirements Agile Mapping Malgorzata Pankowska a Department of Informatics, University of Economics in Katowice, 1 Maja, Katowice, Poland Keywords: Business Requirement, System Requirement, Requirement Diagram, SysML, Archimate. Abstract: Business and Information Technology (IT) alignment methods and models have been developed for the last few years. Mainly, they focus on strategic alignment, however, the misunderstanding and lack of alignment are hidden in requirement mapping methods, tools, and approaches. Therefore, the paper aim is to present a model of business to system requirements mapping, based on the application of SysML and ArchiMate diagrams. The proposed approach is assumed to be considered as agile, because of its features. Finally, the approach is supported by online store case study. Beyond that, systematic literature review was done on SysML requirements engineering. 1 INTRODUCTION as for administrative sector units. As organizations cope with rapid changes in their business and IT Business requirements and IT requirements are environments, they need models and measures of accepted as aligned, if the IT functions are BITA, e.g., Strategic Alignment Model (SAM), implemented to achieve business objectives. Integrated Architecture Framework (IAF), According to Mekawy et al. (2009), business – IT Luftman’s Alignment Model (LAM), Reich and alignment is an ongoing process. However, this Benbasat Model (RBM), Sabherwal and Chan process is not only to be considered on strategic level, Alignment Model (SCAM), Hu Huang Alignment because each business change requires alignment Model (HHAM) (Mekawy et al.,2009). The main considerations on the operational level. The purpose problem is that models present high level discussions of this paper is not to evaluate the strategic alignment on BITA. Similarly, de Haes and van Grembergen models, but to focus on the operationalization of the (2009) have considered the impact of Enterprise business – IT alignment (BITA). Therefore, the Governance of IT on BITA on a strategic level, but structure of the paper covers at first the discussion on BITA modeling requires further operationalization System Modeling Language (SysML) requirement for business success. The operationalization covers engineering. Next, systematic literature review (SLR) the development and application of specific methods, results are presented to reveal what requirement languages and tools. According to Delligatti (2014) modeling languages, challenges, paradigms, and there are many useful languages and notations, i.e., domain applications are included in literature. Service oriented architecture Modeling Language Finally, author presents an approach of mapping of (SoaML), Business Process Modeling Notation business to system requirements and justifies the need (BPMN), or visual modeling standards, e.g., Unified to apply the agile principles and techniques in the Profile for DoDAF/MODAF (UPDM) to support the proposed approach. development of system architecture, Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Business Rules (SBUR) specification, or Business Motivation Model (BMM). In this paper, SysML is considered as a profile of 2 BITA OPERATIONALIZATION the UML language to integrate many views of systems engineering, not only hardware and software, IT alignment with business goals is considered as a but also requirements, mathematical parametrization, critical success factor for private companies as well facilities management, and designing for a https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8660-606X 37 Pankowska, M. Business to System Requirements Agile Mapping. DOI: 10.5220/0009823600370048 In Proceedings of the 17th International Joint Conference on e-Business and Telecommunications (ICETE 2020) - Volume 3: ICE-B, pages 37-48 ISBN: 978-989-758-447-3 Copyright c 2020 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved ICE-B 2020 - 17th International Conference on e-Business maintenance. The purpose of this paper is to present stakeholders. They eventually need to be transformed that SysML is a graphical modeling language to into system requirements. The system engineering communicate the design of socio-technical systems of with SysML application concentrates on the different scales and applications. According to the definition and documentation of system requirements ISO/IEC 19514:2017 standard, SysML is a general in the early development phase, the preparation of a purpose modeling language for systems engineering, system design, and the verification of the system as to i.e., for the specification, analysis, design, comply with the business requirements. In this paper, verification, and validation of complex systems. For aligning business and technology is not considered as applying SysML, the Model Based System an ongoing strategic executive responsibility, but as a Engineering (MBSE) approach was developed as a process to learn and adopt business requirements to formalized application of modeling to support system the SysML requirements. Therefore, the fundamental requirements elicitation and management. questions, which system analysts are requested to Alternative to MBSE is the document-based formulate are as follows: approach, in which system architects generate . Why do people need the information system and artefacts, e.g., documents of requirements software functionalities? specifications and their traceability and verification . Which information do you owe to the people matrices (RTVMs) manually (Delligatti, 2014). with whom you work and on whom you depend? Concurrently, according to Patton (2014), the In what form? In what time period? What document-based approach offers certain advantages. information is needed and from whom? Particularly, the usage of user story is to ensure the . Why is information important to compete in the whole picture of business requirements. The stories business? are expected to ensure sharing the understanding, and . What priorities for information use and they are supplemented by video and audio materials. management are important? The MBSE system models cover diagrams that . When and why can information user be present requirements, test cases, design rationale, and satisfied? their interrelationships (Friedenthal et al., 2015). Modeling methods, tools, and SysML are the three Table 1: Findings on Agile Requirement Engineering. MBSE pillars. The SysML diagrams include No Representative Findings packages for requirements, behavior, structure, and Research parameters. The SysML requirement diagram is used 1 Abdullah et al., Using a combination of qualitative to display text-based requirements, the relationships 2011 data collection and cognitive analysis among requirements, and relationships to other techniques, authors termed “shared conceptualization” for engineering SysML diagrams, i.e., use case, activity, sequence, or activities parameter diagrams. 2 Asghar et al., Prioritizing requirements helps Requirement engineering and mapping 2017 software team to understand the techniques for business information system design importance of a particular requirement have been developed for years, however, just SysML 3 Meligy et al., The ethnographic analyst remains in is the most suitable language for requirement 2018 the organization and observes the analysis, because of the requirement diagram actual ways in which people work, development opportunity. The Visual Paradigm tool rather than only the formal requirements documented by the is proposed to combine system requirements with organization business requirements. 4 Lorca et al., Motivational modeling is an efficient In the system development lifecycle, a lack of 2018 technique to support discussions understanding may occur during the system between developers and non-technical clients. conceptualization, as well as in the development 5 Villamizar et Agile approaches typically involve phase. There is still an open question of “why”. The al., 2018 modifying agile methods, introducing business stakeholders focus on business guidelines to handle security issues. requirements, which drive the business rather than the More efforts are needed for empirical information system. They may drive particular evaluations aspects of IT projects or set up some constraints on The answers trigger business activities and explain information system functionalities. The business the motivations and constraints that determine how the requirements are to be considered in the business information system is designed. Managers usually organization context, covering comparable systems, need information for achieving the following goals: user groups, formal studies, or prototypes provided to risk management, cost reduction, value adding, better 38 Business to System Requirements Agile Mapping market position, eliminating the competitors, or IEEE Xplore, SAGE Journals, Science Direct, and creating new reality (Marchand, 2000). Scopus, overall 246 945 publications were found on The above questions are also valid in agile Requirement AND Mapping (Table 2). approach to the mobile business application development. Agile methods are expected to focus on Table 2: Requirement Mapping Publications in 2009-2020 the justification of business application development, (absolute values). not only on providing the functionalities in a short AISeLib IEEE SAGE Science Scopus product design cycle. Therefore, the agile Xplore journals Direct requirement engineering is a process of analysis of 2009 654 461 5517 7450 906 stakeholders, recognition
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