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Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela MIGRATION TRENDS IN THE AMERICAS Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela April 2018 Traditionally, the migration dynamic in the Americas is marked by intra- and extra-regional patterns. In recent years, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela has seen changes in its migration processes. Thus, in recent times, there has been an intensification of flows towards traditional destinations as well as new destinations in the region and the world. 2005 2010 2015 2017 EVOLUTION OF THE VENEZUELAN POPULATION ABROAD WORLDWIDE 437,280 556,641 697,562 1,622,109 SIGNIFICANT The 2005 and 2010 figures stem from the United Nations DESTINATIONS 380,790 496,352 637,988 1,559,689 Department of Economic and Social Aairs (UN DESA). (See map) The 2015 and 2017 figures are derived from UN DESA NORTH AMERICA and other ocial sources.* The 2017 figure accumulates 155,140 196,910 273,418 308,832 the latest data available in every country. CENTRAL AMERICA 12,437 21,260 33,065 78,641 CARIBBEAN 24,367 19,629 21,074 21,360 SOUTH AMERICA 54,616 62,240 88,975 885,891 Concentration of Venezuelan Growth of flows towards Diversification towards emigration historic destinations other destinations Colombia, United States of America United States of America, Spain Panama, Caribbean Islands, Argentina, and Spain Chile, Peru, among others ESTIMATE ON SIGNIFICANT DESTINATIONS 2015/2017* CANADA 2015 2017 According to updated information 17,898 18,608 (such as population statistics, migra- PORTUGAL UNITED STATES tion records and estimates), the map OF AMERICA 2015 2017 shows the approximate Venezuelan 2015 2016 24,174 24,603 255,520 290,224 migrant stock in selected countries. COLOMBIA Likewise, due to the limited sources, it 2015 2017 SPAIN ITALY - MEXICO 48,714 600,000 2015 2016 2017 2015 2017 tion as well as transit population. 2015 2016 2017 165,895 180,289 208,333 48,970 49,831 15,959 23,734 32,582 DOMINICAN REPUBLIC *Estimates based on authors’ calcula- 2015 2017 tion for 2016 and 2017 do not add COSTA RICA 5,417 5,539 data of refugees or asylum seekers. 2015 2016 2017 TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO 6,437 7,692 8,892 2015 2017 **Estimates calculated by the authors 1,732 1,743 PANAMA based on the National Census and 2015 2016 2017 BRAZIL permanent residence permits issued. 9,883 20,999 36,365 2015 2016 2017 3,425 5,523 35,000 ***Estimates calculated by the authors ECUADOR based on the 2015 figure, including PERU 2015 2016 2017 URUGUAY residence permits that have been 2015 2016 2017 8,901 23,719 39,519 since then issued. 2,351 4,665 26,239 2015 2016 2017 1,855 2,762 6,033 CHILE ARGENTINA 2015 2016 2017 2015 2016 2017 8,001 34,623 119,051 12,856 25,960 57,127 United States of America: Mexico: Colombia: UN DESA 2015, 2017 Peru: Argentina4: 1 American Community Survey UN DESA 2015, 2016*** and Migration Colombia 2015 National Superintendence 2015**, 2016*** and from the US Census Bureau 2017*** Brazil: for Migration, 2016*** and 2017*** Spain: Panama: UN DESA 2015, June 2016 and 2017*** Uruguay5: Spanish Continuous Register UN DESA 2015, 2016*** and 2017. Estimate based on the 3 /National Institute for Statistics 2017*** Brazilian Federal Police database Chile : 2015**, 2016*** and 2 2015 Chilean Immigration Italy, Portugal, Canada, Costa Rica: Ecuador : 2017*** Department, 2016*** and Trinidad and Tobago, General Directorate of Migration UN DESA 2015, 2016*** and Dominican Republic : and Foreigners 2017*** 2017*** UN DESA 2015 and 2017 MIGRATION TRENDS IN THE AMERICAS There has been an increase in the number of Venezuelans arriving to South American countries. This dynamic is confirmed both by the number of entries and exits, as well as by the diference between them. By way of example: 2016-2017 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ENTRIES AND EXITS 56,033 144,000 58,275 Argentina 51% Colombia* Ecuador 146% 37,113 67,713 112% 23,629 2016 2017 * TMF movements are not included Caracas Source: National Directorate of Migration, Colombia Migration and Ministry of Foreign Aairs and Human Mobility PERU 2017 ECUADOR NATIONAL MIGRATORY BALANCE PCF CEBAF Tumbes PERU MIGRATORY 103,000 BALANCE Entries Lima 106,771 MAIN BORDER CHECK POSTS PCF Santa Rosa Tacna 203,190 47,342 96,419 Exits Entries Exits Source: National Superintendence for Migration CHILE Source: National Superintendence for Migration (January-September 2017) The flows of entries and exits of Venezuelan nationals in Central American and Caribbean countries, as well as the dierence between them, also show a sustained growth over the past two years. COSTA RICA 2016 2017 50,000 47,516 43,850 40,290 40,000 35,632 4,658 Entries 27,06% 30,000 Costa Rica Exits 3,666 20,000 10,000 0 Source: General Directorate of Migration and Foreigners 2016 2017 DOMINICAN REPUBLIC In the case of Dominican Republic, while it is true that the chart shows a decrease in the dierence between entries and exits for 2017, the number of residences issued to Venezuelan nationals increased by more than double (See page 5). DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ENTRIES AND EXITS BY AIR 10000 9,077 9000 8000 7000 6,120 The most significant increase is 6000 between 2015 and 2016. 5000 4000 It is a 3,224.91% increase. 3000 2000 1000 273 Source: Dominican Republic Central Bank 0 2015 2016 2017 2 REGULARISATION OF VENEZUELAN POPULATION Between 2015 and 2017, more than 400,000 (temporary and permanent) residence permits were issued to Venezuelan nation- als by ordinary and extraordinary migration normative tools. Venezuelans have benefited by the approval of specific legislation in the following countries of the southamerican region: ARGENTINA NUMBER OF RESIDENCE PERMITS ISSUED Law No. 25,871/2004 TO VENEZUELAN NATIONALS Apart from the residence permits issued by means of the usual criteria (employment, family reunification, etc.), Argentina 35,000 31,167 applies to Venezuelan citizens the Agreement on Residence 30,000 for Nationals of the States Parties and Associated States of 25,000 MERCOSUR*. Through the Disposition DNM°594/2018, the 20,000 15,000 deadlines to present required documentation (for instance 12,859 10,000 5,784 criminal records) were extended. 5,000 1,907 2,278 2,626 1,119 1,498 In February 2018, the National Ministry of Education decided 0 to simplify the procedure to accreditate university studies from 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Venezuelan institutions. 3,500 URUGUAY Law No. 19,254/2014 3,271 3,000 Uruguay granted legal (temporary and permanent) residence 2,500 to Venezuelans through the application of the Agreement on 2,000 Residence for Nationals of MERCOSUR. Since 2014 the coun- 1,500 try has directly granted Permanent Residence to nationals of 1,000 710 864 the member states of MERCOSUR, including Venezuela. 500 38 62 193 0 *This Agreement is pending Venezuela’s accession. 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 ECUADOR Ecuador-Venezuela Migration Statute and UNASUR Visa Through the Migration Statute (2011), Ecuador grants temporary residence if economic solvency is proven. Through the UNASUR Visa (2017), the nationals of the block can have access to a two-year temporary residence. PERU Supreme Decree No. 002-2017, No. 023-2017 and No. 001-2018 In January 2017, Peru introduced a specific “Temporary Residence Permit” (PTP in Spanish) for the benefit of Venezuelans that had entered the country before January 2017. Currently the deadline has been extended to December 31, 2018. Since its implementation, more than 27,000 Venezuelans have received the PTP. COLOMBIA Resolution No. 5797/2017, 1272/2017 and 0740/2018 (See page 9) BRAZIL CNIg Resolution No. 126/2017 (See page 10) 3 REGULARISATION OF VENEZUELAN POPULATION Other countries in the Americas issue residence permits to Venezuelan nationals mainly through the ordinary channels of regularization. In this sense, the number of residence permits issued by Chile is noteworthy. CHILE Between 2015 and 2017, Chile issued more than 120,000 residence permits considering permanent residence and temporary visas. Temporary visas are divided into three categories: subject to a contract, study or temporary. PERMANENT RESIDENCE AND TEMPORARY VISAS ISSUED 90,000 84,425 80,000 70,000 72,606 60,000 Temporary residences 50,000 Permanent residences 40,000 26,625 Total 30,000 20,000 22,921 9,730 11,819 10,000 8,381 3,704 0 1,349 2015 2016 2017 During 2016 and 2017, 108,206 Venezuelans who had entered the country with tourist visa have submitted applica- tions for residence permits. It is the foreign group that submitted the largest number of applications for legal residence in such period. NUMBER OF VISA APPLICATIONS IN 2016 AND 2017 APPLICATIONS BY REGION 90,000 77,455 Metropolitan Region Valparaiso Region 151.9% 60,000 75% 7.4% 30,751 30,000 Maule Region Rest of the Country 0 2016 2017 3.7% 13.9% VISA APPLICANTS BASED ON GENDER VISA APPLICANTS BASED ON AGE 45-74: 8.1% 15-44: 79.2% Mayor de 75: 0.2% 53.2% 46.8% 0-14:12.6% Panama and Mexico have also experienced a notable increase in the residence permits issued to Venezuelan nationals through the ordinary channels of regularization. PANAMA RESIDENCE PERMITS ISSUED Panama has been one of the main destination for Venezuelans in Central 8000 America for the past couple of years. 7000 6,501 6,882 6000 These residency permits encompass provisional permits, permanent 5000 4,615 residence, temporary residence, temporary visitor, extensions and others. 4000 From 2015 to 2017, Venezuelans led the approvals of residency permits 3000 issued. In 2015 and 2017 they doubled the amount of residencies compared 2000 to the Colombian nationals who are the second nationality with the highest 1000 approvals.
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