Colorado Native Plant Society "

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Newsletter- of the Colorado Native Plant Society " ... dedicated to the appreciation and conservation of the Colorado native flora"

Flora of the Mesa ~e Maya Region

Dina Clark years have carved away at exposed the Mesa de Maya region. My study area University of Colora~o sedimentary areas more quickly than areas included Mesa de Maya and the smaller covered by basalt, leaving behind a mesas. and canyons surrounding, it. I Forty-five miles east of Trinidad, Colorado, dissected landscape of basalt-capped inventoried approximately 90,000 acres a massive plateau called Mesa de Maya mesas, canyons, and arroyos surrounded (36,437 hectares) on the Louden, Kirkpatrick, Feemster, and Spool private ~ rises unexpectedly from the southern High by the rolling terrain of the southern Great " Plains in southeastern· Colorado and Plains. ranches. Each ranch is located in a different northeastern New Mexico. Capped by section of the region, thus .providing the Pliocene-age volcanic basalt, Mesa de The flora of the Mesa de Maya region is opportunity to examine a range of plant Maya straddles the Colorado/New Mexico diverse ,and complex. It consists of communities on differing slopes, aspects border and extends approximately 45 miles numerous vegetation types, including and. elevations. The Louden ranch is eastward into the Oklahoma Panhandle, ponderosa pine savanna, pinon-juniper located in the highest part of the region, the where the same physiographic feature is woodland, deciduous riparian forest, and northwest comer, where elevations reach 6800 feet (2100 meters). The Spool ranch is kno~n locally as Black Mesa. Surrounding xeric. tall-grass, mid-grass, and short-grass the Mesa de Maya are smaller basalt­ prairie. These vegetation types are in the southern part of the region; it is drier capped mesas separated by deep canyons. composed of plants with different and lower in elevation and includes many Arroyos and shallow ravines further dissect phytogeographic affinities, including Great canyons and south-facing exposures. The the landscape. Nearly four-fifths' of the , Plains, West, and Southwest. Although Feemster and Kirkpatrick ranches are Mesa de Maya volcanic complex lie within the area was botanized in the late 1940s by located in the eastern portion of the region, C. M. Rogers, its size, isolation, and and iNclude Tecolote Mesa, tributaries of Las l Animas County in southeastern Colorado. ruggedness have left it largely unexplored. Carrizo Creek, and surrounding plains.

Mesa de Maya was formed by a Dm;ing 1993 and 1994, I conducted a combinatiol1 of geologic processes. Like floristic study of the Colorado portion of ~ontinued on page 4 much of Colorado's eastern plains, the bedrock underlying the region is composed of different sedimentary layers that were Contents laid down during the Paleozoic through Mesozoic.Eras (Duce"1924). Unlike other Announcements 3 Fall & WinterWorkshops 8-10 parts of eastern Colorado, however, this Losses at USFWS & USFS 3 Dwarf Milkweed Report 11-13 area underwent a period of volcanic Corispermum in Colorado 5 Chapter News 14 ~ activity during the Pliocene Epoch (Duce, Botanical Lost & Found 6-7 For Your Library 15 1924). Several volcanoes erupted, spreading lava in uneven patterns across (White Fir In ..Colorado) Ca~ndM M the landscape (Rggers, 1953). Erosional forces acting over the ensuing millions of Page 2 Aquilegia Volume 20

NEWSLETTER COMMITIEE NEEDS NEW MEMBERS

Changes in habitat and responsibilities for Tamara and Nina have made newsletter production much more difficult over the past year. Tamara's move to Dinosaur and Nina'a recent move to Mancos (not to mention her new little boy) are proving to be more than challenging for timely and efficient production of Aquilegia. The newsletter is an important service to CONPS members and needs the attention of someone who has adequate time, access to printers, and the ability to mail the newsletter at the Denver Terminal Annex, where our bulk mail permit is valid. . Editor's note: If you are interested in taking this on, please call Tamara Naumann (970) 374-2504. It's The artist who rendered the illustration of been fun, but it's time to pass the torch. Here's your chance to test drive that new desktop Cercocarpus ledifolius that appeared on publishing software you've instaIied on your home computer! . ~ page 4 of Aquilegia Vol. 20 No. 2 was Elnor L. Keplinger.

• Officers Colorado Native President ...... Tom Ranker ...... 492-5074 Plant Society Vice-President ...... VACANT ...... Secretary ...... Mark Gershman ..... 443-9365 Treasurer ...... Carol (Scheid) Riley 493-1367

Board of Directors

I Aquilegia is published four to six times per year Ann Armstrong (97) ...... Boulder...... 494-0545 by the Colorado Native Plant Society. This· David Buckner (97) ...... Boulder ...... 494-3231 newsletter is available to members of the Society Kathy Carsey (96) ...... Boulder...... 449-3041 and to others with an interest in native plants. Janet Coles (97) ...... Lafayette ...... 604-1378 Mark Gershman (96) ..... Boulder ...... 443-9365 The Colorado Native Plant Society is a non­ Contact the Society for ·subscription Andrew Kratz (97) ...... Lakewood ...... 238-6317 profit organization dedicated to the appreciation information. ! Paula Lehr (97) ...... Gunnison ...... 641-3236 and conservation of the Colorado native flora. Chris Pague (96) ...... Lyons ...... 492-4719 Membership is open to all with an interest in our Articles from Aquilegia may be used by other Tom Ranker (96) ...... Boulder ...... 492-5074 nfltive plants, and is composed of plant native plant societies or non-profit groups if Carol Spurrier (96) ...... Lakewood ...... 274-6905 enthusiasts both professional and non­ fully cited to author and attributed to Aquilegia. professional. Newsletter Cont~ibutions Chapter Presidents Please join us in helping to encourage interest in Please direct all contributions to the newsletter Boulder ...... VACANT to: enjoying and protecting Colorado's native plants. Metro-Denver ...... Jeff Dawson ...... 722-6758 The Society sponsors field trips, workshops and Tamara Naumann Fort Collins ...... Mike Scott ...... 490-1788 other activities through local chapters and 24 Park Lane Yamparika ...... Reed Kelley ...... 878-4666 statewide. Contact the Society, a chapter Dinosaur, CO 81610 Plateau ...... Gretchen representative, or committee chair for more E-Mail: Van Reyper ...... 835-3268- information. [email protected] Southwest ...... Sandy Friedley ...... 884-9245

Schedule of Membership Fees Short items such as unusual information about Committees , a plant, a little known botanical term, etc., are Life ...... $250 especially welcome. Camera-ready line art or Conservation ...... Janet Coles ...... 604-1378 and ...... Kathy Carsey ...... 449-3041 other illustrations are also solicited. Supporting ...... : ...... $ 50 Editorial ...... Tamara Naumann .. 374-2504 Organization ...... $ 30 , and ...... William A. Weber. 492-6171 Family or Dual ...... $ 15 Please' include author's name and address, Education ...... Andrew Kratz ...... 23,8-6317 Individual ...... ~ ...... $ 12 although items will be printed anonymously if Field Trips ...... Rick Brune ...... : ... 438-5078 Student or Senior ...... $ 8 requested. Articles submitted on disks (IBM­ and ...... Jeff Dawson ...... 722-6758 compatible, please) are appreciated. Please Field Studies ...... Mary Edwards' ...... 233-8133 Membership RenewalfInformation indicate word processing software and version. HortlRestoration .... Tina Jones ...... 794-2647 and ...... Ann Annstrong ...... 494-0545 Legislative Affairs. V ACANT ...... : ...... ~ .. . Please direct all membership applications, Membership ...... Myrna Steinkamp ... 226-3371 renewals and address changes to the Membership ~r.~L and ...... Sue Martin ...... 226-3371 Chairperson, ,Colorado Native Plant Society, Publicity ...... , ... VACANT ...... P.O. Box 200, Fort Collins, CO 80522. Please Workshops ...... Bill Jennings ...... 666-8348 direct all other inquiries regarding the Society to ~ the Secretary at the same address. Number 3 Aquilegia ,Page 3

Jack Ward Thomas Retires From His Post As Chief of the Forest Service

Many positive changes have taken place in the Forest Service under Chief Thomas's leadership. Our native flora has surely benfitted. The following is excerpted from a statement issued Colorado Weed Management October 10, 1996: Association When I became Chief, I established some personal and Annual· Conference & Trade Show professional goals for myself. These goals have been met. In the last three years, we have taken ecosystem management forward December 3 - 4, 1996 nationwide, integrated science into management decisions, brought about a cultural change, diversified the Agency's Holiday Inn leadership, and set the Course To The Future for the Forest Denver International Airport Service.

Registration is $125 for CWMA members, $140 for non­ Since these goals have been met, the time has come for me to members. To register or for more information, contact retire. I will be leaving the Forest Service in mid-November. CWMA, 2305 Nottingham Gt., Fort Collins, CO '80526, During my remaining tenure, I will be working with Secretary (970) 229-0352. Glickman and Under Secretary Lyons in the selection of my Topics: successor. Meanwhile, the Forest Service remains committed to meeting our public obligations and proteCting natural resources Colorado's noxious weed act for future generations. Perennial pepperweed management Public relations & weed management I will be moving to Missoula, Montana where I have taken the Hazardous materials regulations position .of Boone and Crock~tt Chair at the University of Biology & control of poisonous plants Montana. This teaching position will enable me to continue my Wildlife & noxious .weeds personal commitment to conservation. Safety equipment Aquatic weed management I look forward to returning to the West. That's where my heart is. Dyer's woad management The opponunity to work with natural resource professionals in an Roadside weed management academic setting, and be part of one of the more progressive Society for Range Management & noxious weeds natural research organizations in the World is exciting. Now that Integrated weed management I have fulfilled by personal and professional goals With$:' Biological control of invasive weeds the Forest Service, I look forward to this new challenge."' _ . /,

U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Loses "This is the legacy I would like to leave behind, I would like to have stopped the ridicule about the conservation of snails, Director Mollie Beattie lichens, and fungi. and instead move the debate to which ecosystems are most recoverable and how we can save them, making room for them and ourselves." Mollie Beattie, the first woman to serve as Director of the u. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, died of cancer on June 27. She led the She believed that a healthy economy depends, ultimately, on a agency during a period of intense controversy (she took office in healthy environment: September 1993). Beattie was a vigorous defender of the Endangered Species Act and worked tirelessly to protect the "The truth is that our economy depends on the sustained health of . Arctic National Wildlife Refuge from oil exploration. Supporters our environment. What is economic in the long run is what and opponents alike recognized the integrity, dedication, and conserves endangered species. No accurate cost-benefit analysis professionalism she brought to her work. would calulate in favor of extinction."

~ Mollie Beattie oversaw the reintroduction of grey wolves to We have lost an important voice in defense of wild flora and Yellowstone National Park-restoring a missing link in the food fauna. President Clinton signed the Mollie Beattie Wilderness chain that begins with native plants. She knew the importance of Act on July 29. recognizing her acc'omplishments with an.1 helpIng people understand the linkages betWeen the future of eight-million-acre Arctic wilderness in the Alaskan" _ humanity and the future of wildlife: Brooks Range. ,/ , Page 4 Aquilegia Volume 20

Continued from page 1- Of the total number of species collected, -two milkweeds (Asclepias oenotheroides six were new additions to the flora of and A. macro tis) and a chenopode I made fourteen collecting trips from April Colorado. These include two grass species, (Chenopodium cycloides) for the second~/ to October during the summers of 1993 and Bothriochloa springfieldii and Diplachne time since 1949. 1994, spending a total of 520 hours in the dubia; two composites, Helenium field. I tried to visit the area after it had microcephalum and Heterosperma' Several of the species new to the Colorado _ received precipitation because the flora pinnatum; and one fern, Astrolepis flora, many of the rarer species, and a responds strongly to seasonal moisture. integerrima; During the 1993 season, Rick surprisingly large component of the Mesa After the field component of the study was Brune collected a species new to North de Maya flora are plants common to west completed, I identified species using America-Aethionema saxatile, a mustard Texas, eastern New Mexico, and Chihuahua, - published floras, microscopes, and museum common to the Mediterranean. Mexico. These Chihuahuan elements of specimens housed in the Colorado's flora extend into University of Colorado Colorado via the Arkansas Herbarium (COLO). Plant River drainage (Weber, 1965). specimens were deposited at Weber explains their presence COLO; duplicates were sent to in the southeastern portion of the University of New Mexico toe state by suggesting that

(UNM) at Albuquerque, and to l they have not encountered the Rocky Mountain Herbarium substantial climatic bounrulries (RM) at the University of prohibiting their northward Wyoming at Laramie. I migration. compiled a. comprehensive species list" for the area from Many / of the Chihuahuan several sources: my own plants of Mesa de Maya are collections, specimens in the considered peripheral species University of Colorado in Colorado, meaning that Herbarium, and specimens they are at the northern limit of documented by Rogers (1953) . their geographic range. Mesa that are housed in other de Maya is the only area in ~/ herbaria. Colorado where some of these species occur. Most often Five hundred and seventy these are found on slopes with species of vascular plants south-facing aspects. Prosopis representing 93 families and glandulosa (honey mesquite), 334 genera were documented. Nolina texana (beargrass), and Four hundred and forty-two Daleaformosa (feather plume) species were collected in the are examples of Chihuahuan field; the remaining species are peripherals found only in the documented in collections Mesa de Maya region within housed at COLO and/or in Colorado. Mesquite, - published literature. represented by only a few individuals, is found on open The sunflower family south-facing mesa slopes. (Asteraceae) had the greatest Beargrass is found on a few representation, 99 species in south-facing slopes just below Chrye;othamnue; naue;coe;ue; 58 genera, followed by grasses slabs of basalt that have Artie;t: Leta Hughey (poaceae) with 80 species in 46 tumbled from the cap rock. genera. Within the Poaceae, Feather plume is found on the genus Muhlenbergia was dominant I documented range extensions for J amesia gravelly benches and sandstone shelves at with nine species. The pea family americana, Pterospora andromedea,Dalea the base of south-facing mesa slopes. (Fabaceae) is . also ,very diverse-53 multiflora, Schoenocrambe linearifolia, Other interesting Chihuahuan species species in 20 genera. ~he genera and Allionia incarnata. I also collected include four ferns: Cheilanthes feei, C. Astragalus and Dalea were represented by several species for only the second time eatonii, C. wootonii, and Notholaena 14 and nine species, r.espectively. The (based on COLO records). For example, I standleyi. These ferns grow in crevice~~, milkweed family (Asclepiadaceae) was collected Allionia incarnata, a member of of sandstone on south-facing mesa also notable for its unusually high the· four-o' clock family (Nyctaginaceae), slopes. diversity-12 species in two genera. which had previously been collected at Canon City in 1901. Similarly, I collected -Continued on page 5 Number 3 Aquilegia Page 5

Continued from' page 4-

~ The species mentioned here are just a few of the wonderful plants that comprise the complex flora of this incredibly scenic region. This study illustrates Mesa de Maya's significant contribution to the floristic diversity of Colorado's eastern plains. The plains are often overlooked, and passed over (quickly!) by both botanist Arcto5taphylo5 patula and traveler for cooler, greener Artl5t: Leta Hughey mountainsides. They are, however, special places, and are worthy not only of study but also of our conservation efforts.

REFERENCES

Duce, J. 1924. Geology of Parts of Las Animas, Otero, and Bent Counties. Colorado Geological Survey Bulletin 27. pt. III. Colorado Flora ~Miscellany-Corispermum

Rogers, C. M. 195'4:. The vegetation of the Mesa de Maya region of Colorado, William A. Weber September 29, 1976 while on a butterfly New Mexico, and Oklahoma. Lloydia Curator Emeritus excursion. Ernie Nelson of the Rocky 16(4):257-290. University of Colorado Herbarium Mountain Herbarium and I went there on October 1, 1996, to see, if we could find it '~ Weber,W. A. 1965. Plant geography in the Corispermum is a genus of Chenopodiaceae and at least collect seed. Parts of the North Southern Rocky Mountains. pp. 453- limited to sandy places, especially dunes. ' Sand Dunes are open to dune buggies, but 468 In The Quaternary of the United We have generally assumed that our few this has not affected the "bug seed" plants, States (H.E. Wright and D.G. Fre'y, species are all introduced aliens, but new which grow at the outer edges of the dunes, 'Eds.), Princeton 'University Press, studies by Sergei L. Mosyakin claim that on sand flats and low dunes being invaded Princeton, NJ. most of them are native, and that the by aspen; This must have been a dry year, introduced species are relatively infrequent. because on the open sand, theCorispermum Editor~s note: Dina Clark's Mesa de Maya In Colorado, he recognizes three species was only a few centimeters high, but in full work was supported, in part, by funds of native Corispermum. C. americanum fruit. The seeds "exploded" off the plant' provided by the Colorado Native Plant (Nuttall) Nuttall, the most common one, when the branches were touched. A' few Society's John Marr Fund. is a slender, glabrous plant with ascending larger plants (about 1 dm tall) occurred branches and long spikes of flowers. The under the aspens where the water table was Also, see page 9 for information on Dina's "seed" (actually a one-seeded ovary closer to the surface. It was, however, just Mesa de Maya Workshop, coming to looking like a bedbug) is about 2 mm long as late in the season as one could possibly Boulder in February. $1 and de, finitely' winged on each side. C. find them. /" r " - villosum Rydberg is a stout plant with ," / l divaricate, slightly villous branches and The North Sand Dunes are very interesting short flower spikes. The seeds are similar because they support, on the sand flats but either wingless or very slightly winged. between the barren active dunes, an The third, C. navicula Mosyakin, described assemblage of species that don't typically in 1995, is very distinct, having stout, 'occur together. Here is a partial list: spreading branches and short spikes with Festuca saximontana, Oreocarya very large, ovate bracts 'that are much (Cryptantha) virgata, Eriogonum longer than the seed, and the seeds are umbel/atum, Chaenactis douglasH, :,:'~\ about 4 m~ long and broadly winged. Achnatherum (Oryzopsis) hymenoides, ,,'--__.. ~. ", ? Heterotheca villosa, Conyza canadensis, ". /,,/ C. navicula (the name meaning incense Artemisia frigida, O/igosporus pacificus, boat) is so far found only at the type and Senecio spartioides. It's a very locality, the North Sand Dunes of North interesting place-an excellent.,,

Park, just east of Cowdrey. My cousin F. choiGe for a CONPS field trip in"' A_ Martin Brown collected the type on August, 1997. ,/ Ii ' Page 6 Aquilegia Volume 20 Botanical Opportunities Lost and Found

Richard G. Beidleman Professor Emeritus (Biology) Colorado College

At the October 20th meeting of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia in 1874, Thomas Meehan reported 'that St. Louis botlnist George . Engelmann had'discovered the white fir, Abies concolor, at Glen Eyrie, northwest of the new community of Colorado Springs. Engelmann had been carrying out field work in Colorado during the summer of 1874, with a special eye toward conifers. At the time little was known about the distribution in the Southern Rockies of this southwestern (and West Coast) fir, originally collected by Augustus Fendler in the mountains east of Santa Fe during the winter of 1846-47. In fact, in George Gordon's 1858 definitive treatise on Ablee; concolor cooifers, Pinetum, he' wrote that the Artie;t: Marjorie C. Leggitt "Concolor-Silver Fir" was "a tall tree, Reprinted with the artie.t'e. permie.e.ion. from found on the mountains of New Mexico by Tr-eee; and Shrube; of Colorado by Jack L. Carter Engelmann, of which nothing further is known." Engelmann's 1874 report was undoubtedly the first for Colorado Territory simply variations ·of the Northwest's Abies Major Long exploring expedition, made that recognized the correct species. grandis. The next summer when Thomas the first ascent of Pikes Peak, he is Porter of the Hayden Survey discovered assumed, now, to have started up that Thomas Meehan, incidentally, was an similar firs up nearby North Cheyenne selfsame Engelmann Canyon; and among important nurseryman near Philadelphia Canyon (in what is now a White Fir the, five single-needle conifer species he during' the last century, who especially Preserve), he too came to the same noted during the hike but couldn't correctly promoted the promulgation of native 'trees, erroneous taxonomic conclusion. Of distinguish was inevitably the white fir. was editor of The Gardener's Monthly (a course, one should remember that horticultural journal), and in one issue had Engelmann was no novice when it came to Although I only recently realized that ~ written a definitive biography of the Abie,s concolor. Based on the preserved Thomas Meehan had visited the Colorado famous western plant collector Thomas specimens from· Fendler (despite what Springs area as early as 1871, I had Nuttall. Gordon wrote, Engelmann did not collect experienced earlier-and intriguing­ the first specimens), he had already named indirect encounters with this botanist Even though Engelmann was his it concolor in 1850; but truth to tell, he put during some of my research escap~des. "distinguished friend," Meehan was likely it in a recognized subsection of the genus One spring when working at the Academy a wee bit piqued about the Glen Eyrie Pinus (thus, Pinus concolor), in the same of Natural Sciences, in particular on report, for reasons of professional jealousy. issue ofJournal o/the London Horticultural Thomas Nuttall, we were taking a Sunday Meehan himself had been botanizing in the Society in which Britisher John Lindley drive in the countryside and passed an old Pikes Peak region in '1871. While named the tree as a new species, Abies establishment with a sign that said exploring "what was till then an unknown concolor. "Meehan's Nursery." My wife inquired, canon," (which he promptly named "You don't suppose that is actually the Engelmann Canyon, up which the Pikes So it was that George Engelmann could original Meehan's Nursery?" To which I Peak cog train now runs from Manitou make his 1874 claim of Colorado Abies replied, driving on, "Seems unlikely." But Springs): Meehan had encountered a concolor discovery, as the result of my wife finally coerced me to drive back;t:,­ "considerable quantity" of the same fir. He misidentification by at least two earlier and I reluctantly trudged up to a chap even climbed up one tree to get a closer botanists. Neither Meehan nor Porter, reclining in a front-yard chair and queried, look at the cones. Unfortunately, however, however, should have felt too badly. In h~ finally concluded that these firs were 1820 when Edwin James, botanist with the --continued on page 7 Number 3 Aquilegia Page 7

Continued from page 6- was obviously thinking that if these kinds Was I disappointed? I could only presume of books were in the barn, what really that he was referring in particular to those ~: "You're not by any chance related to valuable ones must be sequestered in the written in Latin. Incidentally, I never did Thomas Meehan, the famous nurseryman protection of the house? His reply was learn the disposition of the collection, but from last century?" His reply immediately unbelievable: "Oh, there's a big safe in in retrospect.! suspect it might have been catalyzed my enthusiasm,. since he proved there that's filled with books." Yes, there carted in to a rare-books dealer in to be a direct descendant, and it was indeed was a big safe. And indeed it was filled Philadelphia within a fortnight! the famous nursery. with books, to wit the many bound back volumes of Thomas Meehan's Gardener's My other Meehan encounter? I was "You don't by any chance," I eagerly Monthly. Ah, well. browsing in a used bookstore in downtown hastened, "have any books that belonged to St. Louis, one of those old-time bookstores your ancestor?" As I departed, I said to 4escendant Meehan': where the croWded. shelving extends "Would you -mind if I came back tomorrow almost out of sight towards the ceiling. My "Yeah," came the rejoinder, "the old bam to inventory and carefully repack the books particular interest was early natural history is filled with them." And sure enough, that in the bam?" treatises and last-century exploring> rustic old 18th century bam proved to be expedition reports, but so far I'd found , filled with wooden boxes of books, some of Thus it was that the following day I nothing. Climbing up avery tall ladder to them covered but as many more open to diligently labored in that dirty barn, get a better perusal, I noticed on the very dust, roof leaks, and pigeon and rat scat. cleaning books, sorting, entering volume top shelf a volume in tattered black What a botanical treasure trove! Old tItles into my portable Olivetti typewriter, binding, with no marking of any kind on

herbals in Latin, Linnaeus' Genera reboxing.... When I 'fmally completed the the spine. I What possessed me to risk life Plantarum, Torrey and Gray, Hooker, task, I reported to my host what I had and limb by stretching up to pry out that Pursh, Amos Eaton ... dozens of botanical accomplished, promised him a copy of the book, I'll never know. But as I flipped it publications I'd only seen in rare-book inventory, and made the naive academic open, balancing atop the ladder, there was collections. suggestion that such an historic collection a portrait of frontier botanist Thomas would be a valuable contribution to the Nuttall as a frontispiece. It was the very Rushing out to the young man in his library of the American Philosophical volume of Thomas Meehan's Gardener's reclining chair, I shouted in excitement, Society. There was a pause, and then Mr. Monthly which contained that biographical "You have a wealth of scientific books in Meehan drawled, "Well, after what you sketch of Nuttall! In a bookshop, the bam'! There wouldn't be any more have told me, I think I'll get ouf some of the incidentally, that was just a short stroll books inside your house, by any chance?" I books this coming winter and read them." ,from George Engelmann's old hO.

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Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Artist: Elnor L. Keplinger Page 8 Aquilegia Volume 20

The Colorado Native Plant Society workshop series was classrooms and labs where these workshops are held, and we are established in 1985 to provide members with wintertime holding a seat for you. If you find that you CANNOT attend a activities when field' trips are impractical. . Workshops bring workshop for which you are registered, please call and cancel native plant lovers together with a well-informed instructor who your registration as soon as possible! may have herbarium specimens, live plants, photographs, identification keys, and other materials available for hands-on Lang-time members of CoNPS may recall that Bill has done study. The opportunity to receive one:'on-one instruction and much the work of organizing, taking registrations, sending informative lectures has made the workshop series one of the notices, taking payments, providing refreshments, as well as most popular Native Plant Society teaching occasional workshops. We programs. Attendees need no special encourage CoNPS members to join skills or background; a love of plants ~ the workshop committee and help and a desire to learn are the only , ensure the continuation of the prerequisites. There are no exams, program. Any help is always grades,' or homework, and working appreciated. together is encouraged. The goal is to demystify plant identification and to Volunteers are needed to lead enhance our enjoyment and under­ workshops, particularly for plant standing of Colorado's native flora. families with few representatives in Colorado. If you have a favorite To register for workshops, please call plant family or genus, or there is a 665-6903 (a local call in metro family or genus about which you Denver-Boulder; area code 303 for wish to know more, then considert long distance) and leave a message on leading a workshop on the topic. ~ the answering machine. You may Refer to the books of Dr. William A. also' register by mail; write Bill .. Weber (Colorado Flora.~ Eastern Jennings, P.O. Box 952, Louisville, Slope; Colorado Flora: Western CO 80027. Whichever way you Slope; or Rocky Mountain Flora) to register, be sure to provide. your determine the number of species in a name, . address, ,telephone number given family .or genus. Full-day (mcluding area code!), and which workshops dedicated to a single workshops you wish to attend. If family or genus usually cover 15 to multiple sessions are scheduled, be 30 species; a half-day worJ<:shop is sure to indicate preference. ~eceipt . practical for 7 to 15 species. Call Bill of your registration request will be Jennings and he will tell you what is acknowledged within a few days. involved in preparing a workshop. If you volunteer NOW, you will have About 10 days prior to the workshop, all winter to work in the herbarium, registrants will receive notice,by mail all next sUlJlmer to look at plants in regarding location, .time, lunch, the field, and the fall of 1997 to references, and supplies, with a list of organize your program before pre­ other registrants to encourage sentation in' the winter of 1997-1998. Remember, on the day of the carpooling. The fee for each Namerhat Twig ... workshop is $10 for CoNPS members workshop, no one will know more ' about the topic than you! and $22 for non-members ($10 for the Answers to. this winter workshop----$12 to join the society). botany quiz appear on It takes considerable time and Payment is made on the day of the page 14 workshop. effort for the instructors to plan and. develop workshops or field trips. ~" ' Workshops have been very popular in the past, with multiple Please let us know how you like the activities offered by sessions frequently scheduled to meet demand, or with long . CoNPS. We need your suggestions for future workshops and waiting lists for the seats available. However, no-shows have field trips. We appreciate feedback on whether you find them been a problem. There are only so many seats available in the informative and exciting or dull and u,"interesting. Number 3 Aquilegia Page 9

THE ASTERACEAE: GENUS HAPLOPAPPUS WINTER TWIG IDENTIFICATION AND ITS RELATIVES Leader: Janet J. Coles Leader: Dr. Gregory K. Brown Location: Foothills Nature Center, Boulder Locatlon: University of Colorado - Boulder First session: Saturday, January 11, 1997 First session: Saturday, November 2, 1996 Second session: Sunday, January 12, 1997 J Second session: Sunday, November 3,1996 We schedule workshops during the winter because you can't do Our first out-of-state workshop leader is Dr. Gregory K. Brown of field botany then, right? Actually, there's still a lot to see and do the University of Wyoming. He has been working in the in the field from November to March in Colorado, provided you Haplopappus group of genera for many years, in collaboration know what to look for. Woody plants, in particular, are the most with Drs. Ronald Hartman, Mer~dith Lane, and John Semple. obvious element of the winter landscape, but except for the Among other things, Dr. Brown's research has uncovered an conifers, are not in leaf or in bloom. Tl:lis presents interesting undescribed species of Oonopsis in' the Arkansas Valley. He and challenges to plant identification. Janet will show how to identify his co-workers propose division of Haplopappus and recognition plants in winter, tJy using bark color and texture, bud of numerous segregate genera, such. as Stenotus, Tonestus, characteristics, branching patterns, Persistent fruit, and habitat. Oonopsis, Iso coma , Pyrrocoma, and others. Dr. William A. Some plants that are not woody, but persistent and identifiable in Weber already recognizes many such genera. However, for a death, will also be covered. If weather permits, we will go to the differing opinion, read Arthur Cronquist's introduction to genus field after lunch and put our newly learned skills to good use. Haplopappus on page 197 of lnterrrwuntain Flora, volume 5. This is a rare chance to learn about plant research on a complex group of species. / ' .

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THE CHIHUAHUAN ELEMENT IN THE . COLORADO FLORA Leader: Dina Clark Location: Ramaley Building University of Colorado at Boulder ,First session: Saturday, February 1,1997 THE ASTERACEAE: GENUS PACKERA IN COLORADO Second session: Sunday, February 2,1997 Leader: Renee Rondeau Location: Foothills Nature Center, Boulder Dina Clark recently completed her master's degree at CU­ First session: Saturday, December 7,1996 Boulder, with thesis research on the Mesa de Maya, Las Animas Second session: Sunday, December 8,1996 and Baca Cg'unties, in southeastern Colorado. This part of Colorado is most unusual, as there are many plants present that Renee Rondeau, botanist with the Colorado Natural Heritage are part of the mountain and desert floras of northern Mexico, Program, will present a workshop on Genus Packera, continuing reaching their northern limits here. There is a significant number our focus on the Sunflower family. Previously included in of Rocky Mountain and' Great Plains species present, to be sure, Senecio, genus Packera was proposed in 1976 by Love and Love but the Chihuahuan elements are the focus of this worksf.op. \ and is generally accepted as a valid genus by most taxonomists Learn why this part of Colorado has this element as a significant '~ working in the Asteraceae. Renee will have slides and specimens portion of its flora and learn how to identify these plants that occur of most of the Colorado representatives of this interesting genus. . nowhere else in Colorado. East of Interstate 25, Colorado is not Handouts will highlight the key characters and habitat for each just a flat, featureless grassland! Southeastern Colorado has a and we will learn the characters that distinguish Packera from very interesting and unique flora. This area really grows on you Senecio. once you get to know it. Page 10 Aquilegia Volume 20

MOONWORTS THE PRIMULACEAE OF COLORADO AND Leader: Peter Root NEIGHBORING STATES Location: Kathryn Kalmbach Herbarium Leader: Dr. Sylvia ("Tass") Kelso Denver Botanic Gardens Location: The Colorado College, Colorado Springs First session: Saturday, February 22, 1997 First session: Saturday, April 12, 1997 Second session: Sunday, February 23, 1997 Second session: Sunday April 13, 1997

The ferns in the Ophioglossaceae are small and many are rare. Tass Kelso has worked in the primrose family for a number of Most are on the list of Colorado Plant Species of Special Concern. years and has published extensively, particularly on genus As a result, moon worts (Botrychium) are seldom encountered by Doug/asia. This genus occurs to the north of us, and is the botanical public. They are exceedingly difficult to see in the particularly well developed in Alaska, where Tass did her thesis· field, and one encounters them after much diligent searching or by research. In Colorado, we have representatives in seven stumbling upon them by accident. Nevertheless, Peter Root has priroulaceous genera: Anagallis, Androsace, Dodecatheon, developed an eye for Botrychium habitat, and has spent many Glaux, Lysimachia, Naumburgia, and Primula. The same or years searching and viewing these elusive plants. He will present similar species are present in neighboring states, so the principles the species that are currently known for ColQrado, and bring us up learned here will be applicable over a wide area: Primu/a, in to date on Botrychium research. particular, is problematic in the West, with many endemic species described. The relationship between these species is not clear, and Tass will bring us up to date on the status of the research.

THE ULTIMATE ASCLEPIAS WORKSHOP THE ORCHIDS OF COLORADO Co-leaders: Carolyn Crawford, Dr. James Locklear, David Anderson Leader: Dr. Charles J. Sheviak ~...... Location: Pinon Canyon Army Maneuver Area Location: Ramaley Building .... ~ ...... , Classroom session: Saturday, May 10,1997 University of Colorado at Boulder···· ... ' '."'" Field session: Sunday May 11, 1997 First session : Saturday, March 15, 1997 ...... '. , Second session: Sunday, March 16, 1997 ...., There are nineteen species in the milkweed family in Colorado, eighteen in Asclepias and one in We are very pleased that orchid expert Chuck Sarcostemma. Several are rare, peripheral, or Sheviak has agreed to present a workshop on a simply overlooked in Colorado. All species topic that is constantly in demand. Everyone will be discussed, but the focus is on the loves the orchids. The orchid family has some Asclepiodella complex, which includes of our most .beautiful wildflowers, and also Asclepias uncia lis, and several other has some of our least showy plants as well. Dr. species of small milkweeds that occur Sheviak has done extensive work in several in New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, and problematic groups, including Spiranthes Nevada. Quite a bit of work has ... (the ladies' -tresses), CypriperJ.ium (the focused on this group in the last lady 's-slippers) , and Platanthera (the several years, with Jim' Locklear bog orchids). He is currently searching the plains in many sites and­ preparing the treatment for the bog David Anderson scouring the Pmon orchids for Flora North America, Canyon area. Pressed specimens, and has some interesting :,. alcohol-preserved specimens, and .~~~~~~~~ observations that he wishes to . ~'lo'1\;'!;'ii,:i1;7.1' lots of slides will provide plenty of share. Although all the .... .<::::.::::: .. ::. material for participants to stud}~.~ Colorado species will be during the classroom session. The -' discussed, focus of the following day, we will see Asclepias workshop will be on the' Spiranthee; porrifolia uncialis in the field at Pifion Canyon. recent developments in the bog orchids. Artist: Carolyn Crawford LIMITED TO 20 REGISTRANTS! Number 3 Aquilegia Page 11 A' Big Year For The Dwarf Milkweed

Jim Locklear On May 6, 1995, about twenty amateur and Compliance and Management. Mter Nebraska Statewide Arboretum professional botanists met at the becoming familiar with A. uncialis and its headquarters building of Lake Pueblo State habitat at Pueblo Reservoir, Dave and his For the past seven years I have been Recreation Area for a field trip organized staff were able to relocate a populatiol) of investigating the biology, ecology and by CONPS member Jeff Dawson. The this species that had been discovered at the conservation needs of the dwarf milkweed, goals for the day were to relocate and U.S. Army Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site in Asclepias uncialis Greene, a rarely­ assessl the status of a population of A. 1990. Even more exciting was their coll~ted plant that may warrant protection uncialis found at the reservoir in 1990, and discovery of two new occurrences on the as an' endangered species. Thanks to the search for additional populations. The Maneuver Site~ including one population support and involvement of the Colorado . results far exceeded anyone's expectations. with 101 plants! Native Plant Society, 1995 was a banner year in the ongoing effort to gain agreater When I located this occurrence understanding of this species. on the south side of Pueblo Reservoir in 1990, I found Asclepias uncialis is spring-blooming only nine plants. By the wildflower native to the shortgrass prairie time the field trip of eastern Colorado, where it occurred "participants finished historically from Weld County south to Las walking over the. same Animas County and in twelve counties in between. Historical collections are also known from Arizona, New Mexico, Texas and Wyoming. While the ~ historical area of distribution of A. uncialis is relatively large, field work prior to 1995 had documented only' ten isolated, widely-scattered occurrences of two to fourteen plants eacQ throughout this species' entire Ae;cJepiae; uncial/e; historical range, totaling' less than Artie;t: Carolyn Crawford 100 individual plants.

Field Work in 1995 ground, a total of 48 Another participant in the Pueblo Several important developments occurred individuals had been found. Reservoir field trip struck pay dirt in during the 1995 field season. First, through Fremont County. Susan Spackman of field work funded by the Colorado Natural Mter lunch the group traveled the Colorado Natural Heritage Program Areas Program and CONPS, I w~ able to to the other side of the reservoir was conducting a field survey for complete my effort to revisit every to search an area where Dr. Jack Eriogonum brandegei in the Garden Park historically-known A. uncialis, collection Carter, formerly of Colorado area north of Canon City when she site in Colorado. This effort has entailed, College, had told me he had seen what he discovered a population of 24 A. uncialis relocating and searching 15 sites in 13 believed to beA. uncialis plants in the early plants. This occurrence is in th'e general counties. As a result, we n~w have a good 1980s. Before long these now-seasoned vicinity of collections of A. uncialis made picture of the habitat and ecology of A. milkweed hounds had tracked down by Townsend Brandegee in 1877 and John uncialis throughout its entire historical ,another 47 plants. Anderson in 1990. range in Colorado. Other exciting finds would come a couple Field surveys of historical colleCtion sites Second, largely because of a 1995 CONPS of weeks later. in 1990, 1992, and 1995 have given us a , field trip, we now have four new good sense of the ecology of A. uncialis in '~,.) occurrences of A. uncialis and the number Among the participants in the field trip was Colorado. The following observations are of known individuals of this speci~s has Dave Anderson, botanist with the Fort based on this work. been tripled. Carson Directorate of Environmental

- continued on page 12 Page 12 Aquilegia Volume 20

Continued from page 11- sod. It is occasionally found in association cf A. uncialis are highly modified in with cow paths, vehicle tracks (tank tracks structure and require insect visitation ,to. at Pinon Canyon!), and animal burrows. accomplish pollination. The primaryJ~ Habitat pollinators of milkweeds are wasps, bees, A typical setting for an occurrence for A. In summary, the most remarkable thing moths, and butterflies, although beetles, uncialis in Colorado would be level or about A. uncialis habitat is that there is flies and other insects have been reported gently sloping (5-10%) terrain with no nothing remarkable about it. Often the as pollen vectors. notable topographic features. ~ However, rarity of a plant is a function of its. this species has also been found growing at association with rare or unique geological Almost no insect activity' has been the base of escarpments and mesas where fonnations, soils or microhabitats. This is observed to date in association with A. the slope maybe as much as 45%. not the case with A. uncialis. Indeed, this uncialis, except for small ants observed on Asclepias uncialis has not been found on lack of habitat uniqueness (along with its A. uncialis flowers at occurrences in Las rock ledges or outcroppings, and it is not small size) makes A. uncialis very difficult Animas and Pueblo counties in 1990. present in highly disturbed habitats such as to find in the field. There are no reports in the literature of ants sand dunes, erosion channels, wash slopes, serving 3$ pollinators of Asclepias species, or badlands. The elevations of historically Demography although one researcher reported 1 large known occurrences in Colorado range from Field work from 1990 through 1995 numbers of pollinia, the pollen-bearing 1,280 meters (4,200 feet) in Cheyenne con finned ten occurrences of A. uncialis in sacs produced by milkweed flowers, County to 1,969 meters (6,460 feet) in Colorado, three in New Mexico, and two in becoming attached to "nectar-robbing" Huerfano County. ants visiting butterfly milkweed (A. tuberosa) flowers. Perhaps a study of A~clepias uncialis does not appear "to be the possible relationship of ants to A. restricted to or associated with any uncialis pollination is warranted. particular soil type. It can be found in soils derived from a variety of sources Field observations in Colorado in 1995 including sandstone, limestone, and confirmed that A. uncialis has a shale. Sandy loam would be the most fragrance that can be detected by typical soil type, but A. uncialis can also people. The strong fragrance of A.~ . occur in clay soils and in some uncialis flowers led to the inadvertent ~ occurrences substantial amounts of discovery of this plant at the Van gravel or rock chips are present. It does Bremer Arroyo on the Pinon Canyon not occur in pure sand. Maneuver Site in 1990. Dr. Dale Zimmennan observed that A. uncialis Throughout its historical range in plants at Silver City, New Mexico were COIOl-ado, A. uncialis is associated with "heavily scented with an aroma shortgrass prairie vegetation, typically suggesting rose fragrance or that of dO!TIinated by blue grama (Routeloua Arizona. No extant occurrences of A. Citrus blossoms"; he also noted that he gracilis). In the southeast quarter of uncialis are known for either Texas or could detect the fragrance from two meters Colorado it is sometimes associated with Wyoming. Thus, only fifteen occurrences away .. juniper savannah and pinon-juniper of A. uncialis have been found throughout woodland, but it always occurs within the the entire historical range of this species Twelve seeds were collected from one of prairie component of these habitats. The over the past five years .. the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site amount of vegetation cover is about 70- occurrences in 1995 by Dave Anderson and 80%, with 80% more typical. Associated For the purposes of this study, any sent to us here at the Nebraska/Statewide vegetation is comprised mostly of grasses, seemingly-separate stem or clump of stems Arboret~m. We have succeeded in with forbs, shrubs, and trees typically was treated as an individual. Based on this germinating 10 seedlings, and they are comprising less than 15% of the total method of counting, the total number of growing happily in the greenhouse. vegetation cover. individuals of A. uncialis observed in Observations of germination and seedling Colorado since in 1990 is 380. To this growth may give us further insight into the In almost all occurrences, A. uncialis number would be added 7 individual plants biology of this species. grows in small areas of bare soil between observed in New Mexico since 1990. patches of blue grama or other short­ Thus, only 387 individuals of A. uncialis Assessment statured grasses. The grass cover itself is hav~ been found throughout the entire Field work in 1995 resulted in the often rather thin, perhaps due to drought, historical range of this species over the past discovery of four new occurrences of A.~.~ overgrazing, . or some other type of five years. ' disturbance. Asclepias uncialis does not occur in weedy, heavily-disturbed sites, Reproduction and is not found in dense patches of prairie As with all Asclepias species, the flowers -Continued on page 13 Number 3 Aquilegia Page 13

Continued/rom page 12- herbaria, for historical collections of this related species which have recently been species. Although this plant IS very hard to lumped together in a treatment ofAsc/t;pias tind in the field, it appears that almost for a book on the flora of Arizona. uncialis, and revealed the persistence of every 19th-century botanist out on the three recently-known occurrences. As a plains in spring collected it. Elihu Hall and Acknowledgements result, the number of known individuals of J.P. Harbour, who collected A. uncialis The John Marr Fund of the Colorado A. uncialis now stands at387, up from less from the "American Plains, Lat. 41" in Native Plant Society provided funding than 100 at the start of the year. 1862, were particularly successful-I have 'toward this research in 1992 and 1995, and found fourteen duplicate specimens of this this support is gratefully acknowledged. While very' encouraging, these results must collection in eleven different herbaria. The Dave Anderson, Janet Coles, Carolyn be balanced with other observations. The results of my herbarium research indicates Crawford, Bill Jennings, Susan Spackman, .. most significant of these is the absence of that A. uncialis was more common in the and Bill Weber all contributed valuable A'. A. uncialis from at least eight historically- past than it is today. observations that have been incorporated known collection sites. It appears that A. . into this report. Finally, thanks to the uncialis has been extirpated from these The' pattern presented by the historical participants of the Colorado Native Plant sites. distribution and present ecology and Society's field trip to Pueblo Reservoir for demography of A. uncialis is that of a once making the effort to learn more about this Based on field studies over the past five more common species, now represented by mysterious little plant. ~ years, I have perceived three .patterns that scattered, remnant, possibly declining point to declining reproductive success as a populations. It appears that the present factor behind the apparent rarity of A. rnrity of A. uncialis is the result of ~ uncialis today. unknown circumstances that have led to declining reproductive success and. First, although A. uncialis appears to be "subsequent extirpation throughout much of absent from most historical collection its former range. sites, native vegetation (including other spring-blooming forbs) still persists at Recommendations ~ these sites. It appears that the absence ofA. While the results of five years of research uncialis from these sites is not due to' in Colorado indicate that A. uncialis is an habitat loss or degradation, but, rather, endangered species, additional study is factors specific to the biology of A. needed before this can be stated un cia lis. conclusively.

Second, in places where A. uncialis is Field work in .1995 resulted in toe found, it occurs in discrete populations of discovery of relatively large populations of limited size, and is absent from adjacent, A. uncialis on public land (Pueblo often sizable areas of what appears to be Reservoir State Recreation Area and U.S. suitable habitat. Since A. uncialis is Army Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site). pollinated by insects, these isolated These ,occurrences provide much-needed populations probably experience 'little or sites where monitoring and studies of no gene flow, resulting in a decline 'in P911ination ecology and population biology variability and, possibly, genetic fitness should be conducted. over time. While all historically-known collection Finally, observations of several A. unciali,s sites for A. uncialis in Colorado have been occurrences over the course of the 1995 visited, continued search for this plant is growing season revealed extremely low needed. Although it appears that A. fruit production. Asclepias species uncialis has been extirpated throughout typically have a low fruit to flower ratio, most of its historical range, this conclusion averaging only one fruit per 100 flowers. should be considered tentative given how However, only one fruit was found among very difficult it is to find this plant in the the 230 A. uncialis plants of the Pinon field. Field survey of historical collection Canyon Maneuver Site occurrences, and sites in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas is ~ no fruits were observed amqng the 95 also badly needed. plants of the Pueblo Reservoir occurrences. Finally, biosystematic and phylogenetic In addition to field work, my study of A. studies are needed to clarify the relationship LyCOpU5 americanU5 uncialis h~ included search of over 70 between A. uncialis and several other Artle;t: Krle; Meiring Page 14 Aquilegia Volume 20

Metro-Denver Chapter CONPS is pleased to provide a selection of books to members at discount prices. If you are interested in any of the publications listed on th~ following page, contact: Monthly meetings are held at the Denver Velma RIchards Botanic Gardens at 7:30 p.m. Room 3125 Monmouth Ave. assignments vary, so please check the Englewood, CO 80110 location for each meeting. Regularly (303) 794-5432 Sibbaldia procumben!5 scheduled meetings are held on the fourth Artiet: Janet Wingate Tuesday of each month from September to Make check payable to CONPS. Postage costs are additional for bOOKS received by mail. May, except for the November/December If you want to save postage charges, you can pick up the books yourself (from Velma combined meeting. Richards in Denver, Lynn Riedel in Boulder, or Myrna Steinkamp in Fort Collins). December lO-The Geological and Natural History of the Southern Rockies. Morrison Center. Name That Twig ... Audrey Benedict, founder and president of Cloud Ridge Naturalists, will present' a slide show based on her superb book, A Sierra Club Naturalist Guide: The Southern Rockies., She will introduce the region geologically and discuss natur3I history along an elevational transect, focusing on Colorado. This is the program we rescheduled last spring to avoid a conflict with the mountain peat symposium.

January 28-Gentians of Colorado & Adjoining States Room assignment not yet available. Carolyn Crawford and Bill Weber gave a workshop on gentians three years ago. Carolyn has continued her work with this family along with her husband, Bill Jennings. She will present a photographic slide show of the gentian family and will discuss new information developed .since the workshop. Carolyn Crawford is a long-time CoNPS 6 member and an outstanding botanical illustrator.

ANSWERS WINTER BOTANY QUIZ: 1. spiny hopsage (A trip lex grayi=Grayia spinosa) 2. red osier dogwood (Swida sericea=Cornus stolonifera) 3. chokecherry • (Padus virginiana=Padus virginian a) 4. serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia) Drawings for the Winter Botany Quiz wer~~:.­ 5. antelope bitterbrush reprinted from: (Purshia tridentata) 5 Hayes, D. W. 1960. Key to Important 6. russet buffaloberry Woody Plants of Eastern Oregon and (Shepherdia canadensis) Washington, U.S:D.A. Handbook No.148. Number 3 Aquilegia Page 15

: : : : : : " : ...... ;~i:~:II~1 (:}}::i:j: : _ .. .. '::::.::':::: - Price Postage Book Postage Title Author Each Total Total

Alpine Flower Finder J. Wingate & L. Yeatts $ 4.50 $ 1.25

Catalogue of the Colorado Flora ... I W. A. Weber & R. C. Wittmann $ 36.00 $ 2.00'

Colorado Flora: Eastern Slope (1996 edition) W. A. Weber $ 24.00 $ 2.00

Colorado Flonz: Western Slope (1996 edition) W. A. Weber 24.00 $ 2.00

Dictionary of Word Roots D. J. Borror $ 9.00 $ 1.25

Field Guide to Colorado Wildflowers - Volume 1 G. K. Guennel (plains & foothills volume) $ 18.75 $ 2.00

Field Guide to Colorado WildflQwers - Volume 2 G. K. Guennel (mountains volume) $ 18.75 $2.00 .; Flora of the Great Plains Great Plains Flora Association $ 40.00 $ 3.50

Flora of the Pacific Northwest C. L. Hitchcock & A. Cronquist $ 42.00 $ 3.00

Flora of the San Juans S. Komarek $ 15.75 $ 2.00

Floristic Survey: Black Forest Anne Maley $ 3.00 $ 1.50

Grass Varieties In the v. ~. A. (1994 edition) Lewis & Sharp $ 35.00 $ 2.00

Handbook of Rocky Mountain Plants R. A. Nelson (revised by R. Williams) $ 16.00 $ 2.00

How to Identify Grasses and Grasslike Plants H. D. Harrington $ 8.00 $ 1.50

Identify Plants H. D. Harrington & L.W. Durrell $ 8.00 $ 2.00

IUustrated Keys to the Grasses of Colorado J. Wingate $ 7.50 $ 1.25

Intermountain Flora: Vascular Plants of the b!termountain.West, U.S.A. by A. Cronquist, et al.

Volume One: Geo-Bqtanical History/Plant Geography/Glossary/Cryptogams/Gymnosperms $ 30.25 $ 2.00 ~l Volume Three, Part B: Fabales R. C. Bameby $ 53.60 $ 2.00 Volume Four: Subclass Asteridae (except Asterales) $ 69.00 $ 3.50 , Volume Five: Asteraceae $ 65.70 $ 3.50 Volume Six: The Mo~ocotyledons - $ 36.00 $ 3.50 Life In An Aspen Grove (VIDEO) CONPS $ 20.00 $ 3.50 .... Life An Aspen Grove (SLIDEfI.'APE) CONPS $ 42.00 $ 3.50

Meet the Natives, Ninth Edition M. W. Pesman $ 10.50 $ 2.00

North American Rang#! Plants (1992 Edition) J. L. Stubbendeick, et al. $ 20.00 $

Plant Identification Terminology J. G. Harris & M. W. Harris $ 14.50 $ 2.00 I

The Prairie Garden ... R. Brune $ 3.25 $ 1.25

Prairie Plants and Their Environment J. E. Weaver $11.00 $ 2.00

Retracing Major Stephen H. Long's 1820 Expedition G. J. Goodman & c. A. Lawson $ 31.50 $ 2.00

Rocky Mountain Flower Finder J. L. Wingate $ 3.25 $ 1.25

Sagebrush Country: a Wildflower Sanctuary R. J. Taylor $ 9.50 $ 2.00

Simplified Guide to Common Colorado Grasses J. Wingate $ 3.25 $1.00

A Utah Flora (1993 edition) Welsh, Atwood, Higgins, & Goodrich $,68.00 $ 3.00

Vascular Ptants of Boulder Corinty, Checklist of w. A. Weber $ 4.00 $ 1.50

Weeds of the Wed T. D. Whitson, Editor $ 18.00 $ 3.00

Postage applies only if books are mailed to purchaser BOOK/POSTAGE TOTAL , Calculate sales tax for BOOK TOTAL. (City of Boulder 7.26%, Boulder County outside Boulder city limits 4.15%, Denver 7.30%, SALESTAX Fort Collins 6.25%, Adams, Arapahoe & Jefferson Counties 3.80%, all other areas in Colorado 3.00%)

your rAME,A 11<1<-".'" , CHAPTER MEETINGS 1996-1997 WORKSHOPS

Metro-Denver Chapter Nov 2 & 3 Genus HapJopappus & Its Relatives with.Dr. Gregory Brown Dec 10 The Geological & Natural History of the Southern Rockies Dec 7 & 8 Genus Packera in Colorado with Renee Rondeau Jan 28 Gentians of Colorado & Adjoining States Jan 11 & 12 Winter Botany with Janet Coles

Pure;hla tridentata Feb 1 & 2 Chihuahuan Desert Flora in Colorado Artie;t: A. E. Hoyle with Dina Clark

Feb 22 & 23 Moonworts with Peter Root

March 15 & 16 Orchids of Colorado with Dr. Charles Sheviak

Apr 12 & 13 Primulaceae of Colorado & Neighbor-~ ing States with Dr. Tass Kelso '

May 10 & 11 Milkweeds with Carolyn Crawf

Colorado Native Plant Society Non-profit P.O. Box 200 Organization Fort Collins, Colorado 80522 U.S. Postage . PAID Permit #1475 Denver, Colorado

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