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Guide to the Records of Mayor William J. Gaynor, 1910-1913 Collection REC 0031

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Guide to the Records of Mayor William J. Gaynor, 1910-1913 Collection REC 0031 NEW YORK CITY MUNICIPAL ARCHIVES 31 CHAMBERS ST., NEW YORK, NY 10007 Guide to the records of Mayor William J. Gaynor, 1910-1913 Collection REC 0031 Original processing by unknown archivist, date unknown. Additional processing and description by staff archivist Alexandra Hilton, 2015; updated by staff archivist Alexandra Hilton, 2018. NYC Municipal Archives Guide to the records of Mayor William J. Gaynor, 1910-1913 Summary Record Group: RG 001.WJG: Office of the Mayor, William J. Gaynor Title of the Collection: Office of the Mayor, William J. Gaynor records Creator(s): Gaynor, William Jay, -1913; New York (N.Y.). Office of the Mayor Date: 1909-1913, bulk 1910-1913 Abstract: William Jay Gaynor served as the 94th Mayor of the City of New York from 1910 to 1913. This collection contains the material generated by the daily workings of the Office of the Mayor during his mayoral administration. Collection #: REC 0031 Extent: 112.5 cubic feet in 225 boxes Language: English Physical location: Materials are stored onsite at 31 Chambers St. Repository: New York City Municipal Archives, Department of Records and Information Services, 31 Chambers St., New York, NY 10007 Access and Use: Collection is open for research. Patrons are required to use microfilm for those series for which it is available. Advance notice is required for using original material. Please contact [email protected] to arrange access. Preferred citation: Identification of item, date; Office of the Mayor, William J. Gaynor records, 1910-1913; REC 0031; Series name; box number; folder number; Municipal Archives, City of New York Processing note: This collection was partially processed by unknown persons at an unknown date. Additional processing and finding aid by staff archivist Alexandra Hilton in 2015 with updates by Alexandra Hilton in 2018. Biographical/Historical Information William Jay Gaynor served as the 94th Mayor of the City of New York from 1910 to 1913. He was born in Oriskany, New York, on February 2, 1849, to a devout Irish Catholic family of farmers. Much of Gaynor's early life revolved around church and religion. As a teenager, Gaynor attended school at Assumption Academy in Utica, a school staffed by the Brothers of the Christian Schools. He was inspired to become a member of their religious congregation and, in December 1863, he was sent to New York City to enter the novitiate of the congregation. After four years at the Institute, interest in different philosophical texts led to his disillusionment with organized Christianity. Since he was still a youth and had not taken religious vows, he was allowed to leave the Institute and return home without canonical impediment. Upon his return to Utica, his father helped him secure a job with the law firm of former New York State Governor, Horatio Seymour. It was this clerkship that inspired Gaynor to get into law 1 NYC Municipal Archives Guide to the records of Mayor William J. Gaynor, 1910-1913 and politics. In 1875, he took his practice to the town of Flatbush and, eventually, to the city of Brooklyn. Gaynor was elected to the New York State Supreme Court in 1893, where he served from 1894 until 1909, when Tammany Hall nominated Gaynor for Mayor. He was elected and took office on January 1, 1910. Gaynor’s relationship with Tammany was short-lived when he immediately began filling high-level government posts with experts and adequately utilized civil service lists for filling city employment lines, as opposed to hiring the Tammany-preferred way - nepotism and patronage. Early in his term, a discharged city employee of the Dock department attempted to assassinate Gaynor while on board the Europe-bound SS Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse, which was docked at Hoboken, New Jersey. The employee, Joseph J. Gallagher, shot Gaynor at point-blank range in the neck just behind his ear. This moment was captured on camera by New York World photographer William Warnecke in what would became one of the first examples of photojournalism. Gaynor quickly recovered, but the bullet that remained lodged in his throat plagued him for the remaining three years of his life. He is the only New York City mayor to be hit by a bullet during an assassination attempt. In 1912, after the terrible tragedy of the sinking of the Titanic, Mayor Gaynor was instrumental in the mobilization of New York City government to accept donations from those who wanted to help. He designated the Emergency Committee of the American National Red Cross to receive and disperse the donated funds. Newspapers of the time noted that Gaynor’s work was essential in assisting the bereaved. Due to Gaynor’s deteriorating relations with Tammany Hall, they would not nominate Gaynor for a second term, but he did receive the nomination from an independent group of voters before setting sail for Europe. Six days later, on September 10, 1913, William Gaynor died suddenly in a deck chair aboard the liner, presumably from a heart attack. He is buried at Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn. Bibliography "Attempted Assassination of Mayor Gaynor on Shipboard." The Wall Street Journal 10 August 1910, Morning ed. <https://basic.newspapers.com/image/32581036>. Gaynor, William Jay. Some of Mayor Gaynor's letters and speeches. Greaves Pub. Co., 1913. Municipal Reference Library. "Selected List of Materials by and about William J. Gaynor." New York, 14 May 1933. 2 NYC Municipal Archives Guide to the records of Mayor William J. Gaynor, 1910-1913 Thornton, Robert M. "William Jay Gaynor: Libertarian Mayor of New York." Foundation for Economic Education, 1 March 1970. <https://fee.org/articles/william-jay-gaynor-libertarian- mayor-of-new-york>. "William Jay Gaynor as an intimate who knew him." The New York Times 21 September 1913. Scope and Content Note This collection contains material generated by the daily workings of the Office of the Mayor during William J. Gaynor’s mayoral administration. The majority of the material consists of correspondence issued to and from City agencies and departments, and from the general public. The Departmental Correspondence Received and Sent series documents the everyday tasks of city agencies. They also highlight such administrative priorities as continuing subway expansion and enacting policy to deal with police brutality and corruption. Overall, Mayor Gaynor’s work to separate the Mayoral office from Tammany Hall can be seen reflected within these files. Additionally, it is of particular note that Mayor Gaynor was known for his letter writing style and frequency with which he responded to his citizenry. In addition to the various correspondence series, a Subject Files series documents official city business topical to the time. This includes discussion on imposing ordinances on motion picture theatres, petitions from labor groups and files on city employees under suspicion of corruption. The subject files which refer to the assassination attempt on Mayor Gaynor and the sinking of the Titanic are particularly voluminous. Arrangement The William J. Gaynor records are divided into five series: Series I: Departmental Correspondence Received Series II: Departmental Correspondence Sent Series III: Subject Files Series IV: General Correspondence Received Series V: General Correspondence Sent The first three series have a file-level inventory, while the last two series on general correspondence have been described at the box-level. Key Terms Names Gaynor, William Jay, -1913 3 NYC Municipal Archives Guide to the records of Mayor William J. Gaynor, 1910-1913 New York (N.Y.). Office of the Mayor Tammany Hall (Political organization) Tammany Society, or Columbian Order (New York, N.Y.) Titanic (Steamship) Places New York (N.Y.) New York (N.Y.) -- Politics and government – 1898-1951 Subjects Attempted assassination Local transit -- New York (State) -- New York Mayors -- New York (State) -- New York Municipal government -- New York (State) -- New York Police misconduct Subways -- New York (State) -- New York Occupations Government employees Legislators Mayors Material Types Annual reports Business correspondence Municipal ordinances Personal correspondence Proclamations 4 NYC Municipal Archives Guide to the records of Mayor William J. Gaynor, 1910-1913 5 NYC Municipal Archives Guide to the records of Mayor William J. Gaynor, 1910-1913 Container List Series I: Departmental Correspondence Received Date(s): 1910-1913 Size (Extent): 41.5 cubic feet in 83 boxes Scope and Content: This series consists of the departmental correspondence received by the Office of the Mayor during the Gaynor administration. The material details the daily work of city agencies and contains letters, memoranda, reports and financial records, amongst others. Correspondence also exists between the courts and various local and state governmental bodies. A significant portion of the series’ materials regard the Police Department – a reflection of the effort Gaynor devoted throughout his career to curb police corruption. Arrangement: This series is arranged alphabetically by department and chronologically within that arrangement. Boxes 73 and 74-83 were seemingly not processed at the same time as the rest of the departmental correspondence as they deviate from the rest of the series arrangement. Box 73 contains ten folders of records from the year 1910 and Boxes 74-83 contain “requests for recommendations,” filed chronologically from 1910-1913. Access: Boxes 1-72 of this series have been microfilmed. See microfilm rolls 1-72 (master negative nos. 07341-07400 and 07451- 07462). Location: 31 Chambers
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