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Cowichan Valley West LHA Profile 2019

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Cowichan Valley West LHA Profile 2019 COWICHAN VALLEY WEST - 422 Local Health Area Profile Cowichan Valley West Local Health Area (LHA) is one of 14 LHAs in Island Health and is located in Island Health’s Central Health Service Delivery Area (HSDA). Situated in the southwest region of the Central HSDA, Cowichan Valley West covers approximately 2,390 square kilometers and includes the following communities: Lake Cowichan, Youbou, Mesachie Lake, and Honeymoon Bay. The LHA borders five other LHAs: Alberni-Clayoquot, Greater Nanaimo, Cowichan Valley North, Cowichan Valley South, and Western Communities. Cowichan Valley West is located on the Cowichan Valley Highway (Highway 18), and is approximately an hour and a half drive to either Victoria or Nanaimo. Cowichan Valley West is part of the Cowichan Valley Regional Transit System, with three routes within the region and one that provides service into Duncan. Cowichan Valley West also has a handyDART system. July 2018 An accompanying Interpretation Guide has been created to assist with the interpretation of indicators. The Interpretation Guide should be read with the profiles. These profiles are not intended to be used for detailed planning or analysis. As they are updated on an annual basis, there may be more current data available. If you are intending to use these profiles for health planning purposes, if you have detailed questions, or notice a discrepancy, please contact Maritia Gully ([email protected]). 1 of 22 Population and Demographics As of 2019, Cowichan Valley West (C.V. West) represents 0.8% (6,767 people) of Island Health’s total population of 843,376. According to the 2016 Census, 9.7% of people living in C.V. West identified themselves as Indigenous, compared to 7.6% across Island Health and 5.9% in BC. Additionally, 2.6% of people living in the C.V. West area identified themselves as a visible minority, compared to 9.6% across Island Health and 30.3% in BC. The population of C.V. West is older than that of Island Health and BC, with an average age of 47.7 years. The 75+ age group makes up 7.4% of the population, which is lower than Island Health (10.1%) and BC (7.86%) proportions. Currently, the largest population group is between the ages of 45 and 64 years. The C.V. West population is expected to decrease by 0.34% to 6,744 by the year 2028; this is lower than the growth expected for Island Health (8.63%) and BC (11.4%). The greatest growth is expected in the 75+ age group, which is expected to more than triple (from 501 to 1,875) over the next 20 years. The 0-19, 45-64 year and 65-74 year age groups are expected to decline over this 20 year time period. The 20-44 year age group is expected to remain relatively stable, while decreasing slightly overall. See the Population and Demographics summary on page 11 for more information Average Age (2018) Estimated Total Population - C.V. West BC Island Health C.V. West 2K n o i t a 41.8 44.7 47.7 l u p 1K o P Population Pyramid - 2019 - C.V. West 0K 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 90+ 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 85 - 89 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 80 - 84 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 75 - 79 70 - 74 Estimated Population Change - C.V. West 65 - 69 60 - 64 55 - 59 50 - 54 45 - 49 200% 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 25 - 29 100% 20 - 24 15 - 19 10 - 14 0% 05 - 09 01 - 04 <1 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 400 300 200 100 0 0 100 200 300 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Male Population Female Population 0-19 20-44 45-64 65-74 75+ 2 of 22 Determinants of Health Access to adequate income, affordable housing, healthy food, education, healthy environments and recreational opportunities influence our health and wellbeing. People who are less well-off generally have poorer health and shorter life expectancies than those who are well-off. By working upstream to improve the conditions in which all people live, work and play, we can decrease these gaps and improve the health and wellbeing of our population. Income and Employment The median household income for C.V. West was $53,443 in 2016 lower than the BC median household income of $69,979 and Island Health’s $65,735 (median income in this report is a before-tax measure unless specified otherwise). The proportion of persons who are members of a low income household is higher among children, youth, adults, and seniors compared to Island Health and BC, with the exception of seniors being lower than the BC rate. Compared to Island Health and BC, the unemployment rate in C.V. West is higher (see page 12). Percent of Population with Low Income in 2015 based on after-tax low-income measure (2016 Census) Low Income Children Low Income Children and Low Income Adults (18 to 64) Low Income Seniors (65+) (<6 years) Youth (<18) n o 43.1 i 45 t a l 40 u p 34.6 o 35 P d 30 e t c 25 e 21.3 l 19.6 e 17.7 18.4 19.2 S 20 f 14.9 14.7 14.9 o 13.7 15 11.7 t n e 10 c r e 5 P Education High School Completion Rate within 6 years of Grade 8 Enrollment (2 yr aggregate) High school completion rates are not available for C.V. West; School District 79 includes C.V. West, C.V. South, 80 83.8 and part of the C.V. North LHA, reported in the C.V. South s 76.7 report. Also, according to the 2016 Census, a lower t 70 n e proportion of the adult population have completed d 60 u post-secondary education. t S 50 f o t 40 n Population Aged 25 to 64 with Post-Secondary e c 30 r Certificate, Diploma or Degree (%) e P 20 2016 10 BC Island Health C.V. West 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 63.9 63.7 51.8 - - - - - - - - - 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 C.V. West Island Health BC 3 of 22 Determinants of Health Housing Selected Household Indicators Dwellings Needing Housing Affordability Housing Affordability One way to measure the affordability of housing is Major Repairs (%) Owners (% spending Renters (% spending to look at how much of a household’s income is >30% of Income) >30% of Income) spent on shelter. The proportion of renters 50.0 spending more than 30% of income on housing in 50 C.V. West is higher than Island Health and BC. The 45.0 n 43.3 o proportion of home owners spending more than i t 40 a 30% of incomes on housing in C.V. West sits l u p between BC and Island Health. There is a lower o P 30 percentage of crowded family households in C.V. f o West than Island Health and BC (page 12). The t 20.7 20.1 n e 20 17.2 percentage of households in need of major repairs c r (e.g. defective electrical wiring) is higher than e P 10.5 Island Health and BC levels. 10 6.3 6.2 Early Childhood Development and 0 Determinants of Child and Youth Health Median Household and Lone-Parent Income, and Percentage of Lone-Parent Families (2016 Census) Creating supportive and healthy environments in an equitable way so that all children and youth Median household Median lone-parent Lone-parent can grow and thrive is critical to the health of the total income ($) family income ($) Families (%) population. This includes supporting mothers 70.0K 70K 65.7K during the pre- and post-natal period, supporting 26 families during early development years, 60K 53.4K supporting children and youth to grow, learn, and 50.9K 48.4K transition into adulthood. 50K 39.4K 40K 22 C.V. West has a lower percentage of lone-parent families than BC, but higher than Island Health. 30K The median household income and lone-parent family income is lower for C.V. West compared to 20K 22 both Island Health and BC. 10K 0K Early Development Instrument (EDI) The Early Development Instrument (EDI) is used to Percent of Preschool Children Vulnerable in measure vulnerability in "waves" of kindergarten children EDI: Vulnerable on ≥1 Domains across five domains (social, physical, emotional, language, 50 and communication). Increases in the EDI rate are a negative indicator of child health and decreases are a t 40 n 32.2 positive indicator. For Island Health overall, vulnerability e 30.0 c 32.0 had increased between 2007-2009 and 2011-2013, but has r 29.9 e 30 P 31.1 decreased in the most recent wave. C.V. West levels of vulnerability for preschool children is higher than Island 20 17.0 Health and lower than BC, with high variation over the last 2004- 2007- 2009- 2011- 2013- few waves.
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