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University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan the UNIVERSITY of OKLAHOMA
69- 13,912 BEDDOW, James Bellamy, 1942- ECONOMIC NATIONALISM OR INTERNATIONALISM: UPPER MIDWESTERN RESPONSE TO NEW DEAL TARIFF POLICY, 1934-1940. The University of Oklahoma, Ph.D., 1969 History, general University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE ECONOMIC NATIONALISM OR INTERNATIONALISM: UPPER MIDWESTERN RESPONSE TO NEW DEAL TARIFF POLICY, 1934-1940 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY BY JAMES BELLAMY BEDDOW Norman, Oklahoma 1969 ECONOMIC NATIONALISM OR INTERNATIONALISM: UPPER MIDWESTERN RESPONSE TO NEW DEAL TARIFF POLICY, 1934-1940 APfPUVED BY L y —, DISSERTATION COMMITI^E TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE................................................... iv Chapter I. MIDWESTERN AGRICULTURE AND THE TARIFE . I II. RECIPROCAL TRADE AGREEMENTS PROGRAM ENACTED ............................. 13 III. ORGANIZATIONAL RESPONSE TO THE RECIPROCAL TRADE AGREEMENTS PROGRAM . 4] IV. NEW DEAL TARIFF POLICY AND THE ELECTION OF I936............................. 6? V. TRADE AGREEMENTS PROGRAM RENEWED...............96 VI. AMERICAN NATIONAL LIVE STOCK ASSOCIATION OPPOSES THE TRADE AGREEMENTS PROGRAM.......................... 128 VII. MIDWESTERN REACTION TO TRADE AGREEMENTS WITH GREAT BRITAIN AND CANADA .............144 VIII. THE NEW DEAL PROPOSES A TRADE AGREEMENT WITH ARGENTINA................... .....182 IX. TRADE AGREEMENTS PROGRAM RENEWED............. 200 X. CONCLUSIONS ....................................244 -
Senate, Severally with an Amend 271L by Mr
1942 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN~TE · 3641 By Mr. O'BRIEN of Michigan: bear, making us mindful only of the suf S. 2212 . An act to suspend during war or H. J . Res. 306. Joint resolution to amend ferings of others, that we may lose the a national emergency declared by Congress or the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act, fiscal selfish longings and the vain regrets of by the President the provisions of section year 1942, by providing for a 15-percimt in 322 of the act of June 30, 1932, as amended, crease in wages for all persons employed on days agone in the love which is of Thee relating to certain leases; and projects of the Work Projects Administration; and which, indeed, Thou art. -we hum · S. 2399 . An act to amend the act entitled to the Committee on Appropriations. bly .offer our petitions in the Name and "An act to require the registration of cer for the sake of Jesus Christ, Thy Son, our tain persons employed by agencies to dissemi Lord. Amen. · nate propaganda in the United States, and PETITIONS, ETC. for other purposes,'' approved June 8, 1938, THE JOURNAL as amended. ·Under clause 1 of rule XA.'1I, petitions On motion of Mr. BARKLEY, and by and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk The message also announced that the unanimous consent, the reading of the House had passed the following bills of and referred as follows: Journal of the proceedings of the calen the Senate, severally with an amend 271L By Mr. FENTON: Petition of Miss S. -
Extensions of Remarks
18344 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1978 provisions of this section shall not apply to a respect to reh.abilitation activities financed lieu thereof "; and", and after Une 13 insert substantially rehab111tated project assisted by a mortgage insured under this Act and the following: · under such section 8 if such rehab111tation carried out, directly or by contract, by any ( 5) by adding the following new sentence is carried out, directly or by contract, by a neighborhood-based nonprofit organization.". at the end of the first paragraph thereof: "Of neighborhood-based nonprofit organization". the additional authority to enter into con (c) Section 212(a) of the National Hous tracts for annual contributions provided on ing Act is amended by adding the following H.R. 12433 October 1, 1978, and approved in appropria new sentence· at the end thereof: "Notwith By Mr. GEPHARDT: tions Acts, the Secretary shall make available standing any other provision of law, the pro -Page 20, in line 10 strike out "and", and in not less than $50,000,000 for modernization visions of this section shall not apply with line 13 strike out the period and insert in of low-income housing projects.". EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS GEORGE . W. BREWSTER RETIRES includes almost 10 years of experience found time for community affairs. He is FROM PUBLIC LIFE as systems analyst, senior economics ad a past president of the Torrance Junior viser, and special assistant to the direc Chamber of Commerce; a former chair tor of transportation developments for man of the Torrance YMCA Board of HON. GLENN M. -
INFORMATION to USERS This Manuscript Has Been Reproduced
INFO RM A TIO N TO U SER S This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI film s the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be fromany type of con^uter printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependentquality upon o fthe the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and inqjroper alignment can adverse^ afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note wiD indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one e3q)osure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photogr^hs included inoriginal the manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for aiy photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI direct^ to order. UMJ A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml 48106-1346 USA 313.'761-4700 800/521-0600 LAWLESSNESS AND THE NEW DEAL; CONGRESS AND ANTILYNCHING LEGISLATION, 1934-1938 DISSERTATION presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Robin Bernice Balthrope, A.B., J.D., M.A. -
CHAIRMEN of SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES [Table 5-3] 1789–Present
CHAIRMEN OF SENATE STANDING COMMITTEES [Table 5-3] 1789–present INTRODUCTION The following is a list of chairmen of all standing Senate committees, as well as the chairmen of select and joint committees that were precursors to Senate committees. (Other special and select committees of the twentieth century appear in Table 5-4.) Current standing committees are highlighted in yellow. The names of chairmen were taken from the Congressional Directory from 1816–1991. Four standing committees were founded before 1816. They were the Joint Committee on ENROLLED BILLS (established 1789), the joint Committee on the LIBRARY (established 1806), the Committee to AUDIT AND CONTROL THE CONTINGENT EXPENSES OF THE SENATE (established 1807), and the Committee on ENGROSSED BILLS (established 1810). The names of the chairmen of these committees for the years before 1816 were taken from the Annals of Congress. This list also enumerates the dates of establishment and termination of each committee. These dates were taken from Walter Stubbs, Congressional Committees, 1789–1982: A Checklist (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985). There were eleven committees for which the dates of existence listed in Congressional Committees, 1789–1982 did not match the dates the committees were listed in the Congressional Directory. The committees are: ENGROSSED BILLS, ENROLLED BILLS, EXAMINE THE SEVERAL BRANCHES OF THE CIVIL SERVICE, Joint Committee on the LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, LIBRARY, PENSIONS, PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS, RETRENCHMENT, REVOLUTIONARY CLAIMS, ROADS AND CANALS, and the Select Committee to Revise the RULES of the Senate. For these committees, the dates are listed according to Congressional Committees, 1789– 1982, with a note next to the dates detailing the discrepancy. -
The Future of Knoxville's Past
Th e Future of Knoxville’s Past Historic and Architectural Resources in Knoxville, Tennessee Knoxville Historic Zoning Commission October 2006 Adopted by the Knoxville Historic Zoning Commission on October 19, 2006 and by the Knoxville-Knox County Metropolitan Planning Commission on November 9, 2006 Prepared by the Knoxville-Knox County Metropolitan Planning Commission Knoxville Historic Zoning Commissioners J. Nicholas Arning, Chairman Scott Busby Herbert Donaldson L. Duane Grieve, FAIA William Hoehl J. Finbarr Saunders, Jr. Melynda Moore Whetsel Lila Wilson MPC staff involved in the preparation of this report included: Mark Donaldson, Executive Director Buz Johnson, Deputy Director Sarah Powell, Graphic Designer Jo Ella Washburn, Graphic Designer Charlotte West, Administrative Assistant Th e report was researched and written by Ann Bennett, Senior Planner. Historic photographs used in this document are property of the McClung Historical Collection of the Knox County Public Library System and are used by MPC with much gratitude. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction . .5 History of Settlement . 5 Archtectural Form and Development . 9 Th e Properties . 15 Residential Historic Districts . .15 Individual Residences . 18 Commercial Historic Districts . .20 Individual Buildings . 21 Schools . 23 Churches . .24 Sites, Structures, and Signs . 24 Property List . 27 Recommenedations . 29 October 2006 Th e Future Of Knoxville’s Past INTRODUCTION that joined it. Development and redevelopment of riverfront In late 1982, funded in part by a grant from the Tennessee sites have erased much of this earlier development, although Historical Commission, MPC conducted a comprehensive there are identifi ed archeological deposits that lend themselves four-year survey of historic sites in Knoxville and Knox to further study located on the University of Tennessee County. -
George Mayhew Ends His Life Defeat Boyne Second Time
VOLUME 42 EAST JORDAN, MICHIGAN; FRIDAY, JUNE 17, 1838. NUMBER 24 Rev. C. R. Harper Dairy Herd Test - George Mayhew Addressed Chamber Hits New Record Ends His Life of Commerce, Monday Throughout Michigan The regular June meeting of the Hathaway — Pierccf Dairy herd Improvement associa- Chamber of Commerce was held at MAD BEEN DESPONDENT SINCE . Misa Ardis A. Hathaway, daughter tions in Michigan now number 74, lar- the High School Monday evening, gest number ever on record in, the HIS WIFE DIED June 13th. A delightful dinner was of Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Hathaway prepared and served by the ladies of of East Jordan, was united in mar- state. New associations include Wash- Coffee Cups Chalk the Presbyterian Church. The todies riage to Newton D. Pierce, son of tenaw, Houghton, Sanilac No. 3 and Defeat Boyne Up Another Victory The remains of George Mayhew tried something new by serving the Harris K. Pierce of Norwood, Satur- Kalamazoo No, 2, were found in the barn on his farm in dinner in the Ag. room located in the day evening, June 11th, at the home Reports of the activities of the as- . At Petoskey Jordan township about six o'clock new addition to the high school. The of the bride's parents. i sociations compiled by -E. C. Schei last Monday evening, June 13. Mr. Second Time experiment was a decided success as The bride was dressed in navy denhelm, extension dairyman at The local Coffee Cup Softball team Mayhew had been quite despondent the -mailer banquet room proved to blue georgette and her attendant, Michigan State College, indicate far. -
The Presidential Campaign of 1936 in Indiana
Editors, Whistle Stops, and Elephants: The Presidential Campaign of 1936 in Indiana James Philip Fadely* Indiana played a prominent role in the presidential campaign of 1936 between Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt and Republican Alfred M. Landon. In an election marked by major party realign- ment, both candidates considered the Hoosier state crucial to their chances for victory. The Great Depression had stirred up politi- cians and voters, and the election of 1936 provided the occasion for FDR to defend his New Deal for the first time and for Kansas gov- ernor Landon to fashion the first Republican response to it. The Hoosier connection to the national campaign derived from Indi- ana’s electoral importance and status as a borderline state in the political battles of the 1930s. The presidential contest of 1936 in Indiana was characterized by the substantial influence of newspa- per editors, by campaign whistle stops along the railroads to bring the candidates close to the people, and by the old-fashioned excite- ment of politics evident in colorful parades and political symbols. The politicking of Eugene C. Pulliam illustrates the important role of newspapermen in the presidential campaign of 1936. Pul- liam did not yet own the two Indianapolis newspapers, the Star and the News,which he would purchase in 1944 and 1946 respec- tively, but he was building his publishing business with papers in Lebanon, Huntington, and Vincennes, Indiana, and in several small towns in Oklahoma. In 1936 the Indianapolis News was owned by the children of former Vice-president and Senator Charles W. Fair- banks and was run by son Warren C. -
SENATE SEPTEMBER 17 Welsh; with Amendment (Rept
7158 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD_-SENATE SEPTEMBER 17 Welsh; with amendment (Rept. No. 2464). There being no objection, the resolution Referred to the Committee of the Whole SENATE was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, House. as follows: · Mr. McGEHEE: Committee on Claims. THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 1942 H. R. 2217. A bill fQr the relief of Wilson N. UNITED STATES SENATE, Yost; with amendment (Rept. No. 2465). The Reverend James H. Phillips, Ph. D., REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE, Referred to the Commit tee of the Whole associate minister, Foundry Methodist September 17, 1942. House. Church, Washington, D. C., ofie1;ed the Resolved, That the Republican Conference Mr. RUSSELL: Committee on Claims. following prayer: recognizes the present situation with respect H. R. 3113. A bill for the relief of Cecil to living costs, that it believes action is nec Higginbotham; with amendment (Rept. No. God Qf our fathers, by whose will this essary, and will cooperate in an effort to work 2466). Referred to the Committee of the Nation was conceived and dedicated to out a wise solution of the problems pre£ented Whole House. the proposition that all men are created to the Senate and the country. ·free and equal, and in whose righteous COMMITTEE SERVICE PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS ness alone we shall gain true freedom, On motion of Mr. HILL, and by u~ani look with favor upon us in this solemn mous consent, it was Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public bills hour as we, a people; strive to endure in and resolutions were introduced ·and this. sacred faith of our fathers. -
Senator Influences on Presidential Appointments
Studies in American Political Development, 30 (April 2016), 19–37. ISSN 0898-588X/16 doi:10.1017/S0898588X15000140 # Cambridge University Press 2016 Advising, Consenting, Delaying, and Expediting: Senator Influences on Presidential Appointments Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, The Ohio State University Charles P. Campisano, The Ohio State University Matthew P. Hitt, Colorado State University Kevin M. Scott, The Ohio State University When, how, and under what conditions can individual legislators affect presidential appointments? Since the early 1900s, the senatorial norm of the blue slip has played a key role in the confirmation process of federal district and appeals court judges, and it is an important aspect of the individual prerogative that characterizes senatorial behavior more broadly. We analyze newly available blue slips, covering the historical period 1933–1960. We show that the blue slip functioned in this era most often to support and expedite nominations, indicating that senators used this device to shape the nominations agenda in this period. Additionally, we analyze the factors that contrib- uted to an individual senator’s decision to support or oppose a nominee, or return a blue slip at all, finding that senators were more likely to return positive blue slips when the Judiciary Committee chair was not a coalition ally. We argue that while blue slips did at times provide an early warning for poor nominees, they more often offered a means by which senators ensured that their desired nominees were confirmed swiftly. The positive role of the blue slip demonstrates that this device protected the individual prerogatives of senators, allowing them a degree of agenda-setting authority with regard to nominees in the weak parties era. -
Equal Rights Amendment: Contemporary Ratification Issues
The Proposed Equal Rights Amendment: Contemporary Ratification Issues Updated December 23, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R42979 The Proposed Equal Rights Amendment: Contemporary Ratification Issues Summary The proposed Equal Rights Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (ERA) declares that “equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex….” The ERA was approved by Congress for ratification by the states in 1972; the amendment included a customary, but not constitutionally mandated, seven-year deadline for ratification. Between 1972 and 1977, 35 state legislatures, of the 38 required by the Constitution, voted to ratify the ERA. Despite a congressional extension of the deadline from 1979 to 1982, no additional states approved the amendment during the extended period, at which time the amendment was widely considered to have expired. After 23 years in which no additional state voted to ratify the ERA, the situation changed when Nevada and Illinois approved the amendment, in March 2017 and May 2018, respectively. In addition, a change in party control of the Virginia legislature in the 2019 elections raised hopes among ERA supporters that this state might also vote to ratify, which would bring the number of approvals to 38, the requirement set by Article V for validation of a proposed amendment as part of the Constitution. In the context of these developments, ERA proponents have renewed efforts to restart the ratification process. These actions center on the assertion that because the amendment did not include a ratification deadline within the amendment text, it remains potentially viable and eligible for ratification indefinitely. -
Jill Lepore Global Public Humanities Reading
2020 FIU Global Public Humanities Forum Reading Jill Lepore, “The Last Time Democracy Almost Died” The New Yorker, February 3, 2020. The last time democracy nearly died all over the world and almost all at once, Americans argued about it, and then they tried to fix it. “The future of democracy is topic number one in the animated discussion going on all over America,” a contributor to the New York Times wrote in 1937. “In the Legislatures, over the radio, at the luncheon table, in the drawing rooms, at meetings of forums and in all kinds of groups of citizens everywhere, people are talking about the democratic way of life.” People bickered and people hollered, and they also made rules. “You are a liar!” one guy shouted from the audience during a political debate heard on the radio by ten million Americans, from Missoula to Tallahassee. “Now, now, we don’t allow that,” the moderator said, calmly, and asked him to leave. In the nineteen-thirties, you could count on the Yankees winning the World Series, dust storms plaguing the prairies, evangelicals preaching on the radio, Franklin Delano Roosevelt residing in the White House, people lining up for blocks to get scraps of food, and democracies dying, from the Andes to the Urals and the Alps. In 1917, Woodrow Wilson’s Administration had promised that winning the Great War would “make the world safe for democracy.” The peace carved nearly a dozen new states out of the former Russian, Ottoman, and Austrian empires. The number of democracies in the world rose; the spread of liberal-democratic governance began to appear inevitable.