Wealden District Council Local Plan

Wealden Local Plan Conservation Areas

Issues, Options and Recommendations Consultation

October 2015 How to Contact Us

Planning Policy Council Council Offices, Vicarage Lane, , East BN27 2AX

Telephone 01892 602007 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.wealden.gov.uk

Office hours Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday 8.30am to 5.00pm and Wednesday 9.00am to 5.00pm

You may also visit the offices Monday to Friday, to view other Local Plan documents.

A copy of the Wealden Local Plan Conservation Areas and associated documents can be downloaded from the Planning Policy pages of the Wealden website, www.wealden.gov.uk/ planningpolicy or scan the QR code below with your smart phone.

If you, or somebody you know, would like the information contained in this document in large print, Braille, audio tape/CD or in another language please contact Wealden District Council on 01323 443322 or [email protected] Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

1 Overview 3 2 Introduction 5 3 Background 7 4 Agreed Methodology 9

4.1 Introduction 9 Contents 4.2 Criteria for measuring special interest and drawing the 9 boundaries 4.3 Criteria for Selection of Areas 9 4.4 Criteria for Selection of Boundaries 10 4.5 Consideration of potential new Conservation Areas 10 4.6 Re-appraisal of existing Conservation Areas 11 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 13 5.1 Introduction 13 5.2 Cade Street 16 5.3 25 5.4 Cousley Wood 33 5.5 42 5.6 Danehill 52 5.7 East Hoathly 61 5.8 Fletching 72 5.9 82 5.10 93 5.11 102 5.12 Hailsham 111 5.13 122 5.14 136 5.15 147 5.16 Mayfield 158 5.17 Old Heathfield 173 5.18 and 183 5.19 Ripe 192 5.20 205 5.21 214 5.22 223 5.23 236 5.24 250 5.25 Waldron 265 5.26 274 5.27 Willingdon, Church Street 284 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations Contents 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 293 6.1 Introduction 293 6.2 Arlington 295 6.3 304 6.4 Chalvington 310 6.5 Coggins Mill 316 6.6 322 6.7 and The Forstal 328 6.8 Five Ashes 336 6.9 Muddles Green 342 6.10 Pell Green 348 6.11 Splaynes Green 354 6.12 360 6.13 367 7 Settlements considered which did not meet the Criteria 373 7.1 Introduction 373 7.2 Recommendations 373 7.3 Alternatives Considered 375 8 Consultation 407 8.1 Introduction 407 8.2 Previous consultation 407 8.3 Current consultation 408 8.4 Future consultation 409 9 Questions 411 1 Background Paper and Methodology 415 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

1 Overview

1.0.1 One of Wealden's District Council's principal assets is the high quality of its environment, including its historic environment and landscape. The District has a dispersed and varied settlement pattern, set within different landscape areas, with a number of small market towns, villages and hamlets. Each settlement has its own unique characteristics and functions, depending on its location and historical influences.

1.0.2 Where there are areas of special historic and architectural interest, the District 1 Overview Council as Local Planning Authority has a duty to designate these as conservation areas and set out a positive strategy for the conservation and enjoyment of the historic environment, whilst understanding its significance, the wider social, cultural, economic and environmental benefits of the area, and ensuring that all development within the conservation areas and their setting makes a positive contribution to enhance local character and distinctiveness.

1.0.3 There are currently 26 conservation areas within the part of Wealden District for which the Council is the Local Planning Authority(1). The Council also has a duty under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas Act) 1990 to determine whether any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas and, if appropriate, designate those parts accordingly.

1.0.4 This document relates to the initial assessment of the 26 existing areas and an identified potential 12 new conservation areas in line with a methodology approved by Historic (formerly English Heritage).

1.0.5 Recommendations and preferred options for testing are provided for each existing area to help assess whether the area still merits designation and identifies preferred options for testing for alteration of the designated boundary of the current area where identified against agreed criteria(2).

1.0.6 The document also identifies recommendations for designation of new areas and options for their boundaries(3).

1.0.7 Chapter 7 identifies all the other alternative areas considered throughout the District against the methodology approved by Historic England, but which did not meet the Selection of Areas criteria(4).

1.0.8 This document supports the 2015 Issues and Options Consultation on the Wealden District Local Plan Review and this is your opportunity to have your say on the proposed changes to the existing conservation areas in your District and the designation of new conservation areas. Chapter 8 identifies the consultation that has so far taken place relating to the conservation areas; provides guidance on this particular consultation relating to the existing and proposed conservation areas, and areas dismissed; and also identifies

1 Wealden District also covers part of the National Park, but is no longer the Planning Authority for that area 2 see Chapter 4 3 Chapters 5 and 6 4 See Background Paper and Methodology attached at Appendix 1 3 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 1 Overview future consultation opportunities relating to the conservation areas within the Local Plan process.

1.0.9 The Issues and Options 2015 consultation period on the Local Plan Review will run from Monday 19th October 2015 and 5pm on Monday 30th November 2015. We ask that wherever possible for you to fill in the questionnaire or submit your response on-line using our ‘Objective’ consultation system at http://wealden.objective.co.uk/portal/ or submit an electronic form by e-mail to [email protected]. Alternatively you may submit a paper questionnaire to Planning Policy at [email protected].

1.0.10 If you wish to contact the Council with any queries in reference to this document, then please contact the Planning Policy Team at: [email protected] or 01892 602008

1.0.11 Further information about the consultation process, including previous consultations and next stages in the process, are provided in Chapter 8.

Data Protection Act 1998 and Freedom of Information Act 2000

Representations cannot be treated in confidence. The Council will provide names and associated representations on its website, but will not publish personal information such as telephone numbers, e-mail addresses or private addresses. By submitting representations on the Conservation Area Appraisal, you confirm that you agree to this and accept responsibility for your comments.

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Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

2 Introduction

2.0.1 The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local Planning Authority to determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(5)

2.0.2 Following guidance produced by English Heritage (now Historic England) and Central Government, a methodology(6) has been agreed(7) for the character appraisal of existing and potential new conservation areas within the District. This methodology includes a set of criteria for considering the review of existing conservation areas and the 2 Introduction designation of new conservation areas, ensuring a consistent approach to character appraisals.

2.0.3 In accordance with the Act, all the conservation areas within the District have been appraised in conformity with the written methodology, in order for consultation to take place. This has been undertaken in consultation with Parish/Town Councils and Local History Amenity Societies to identify possible options for change, along with desktop research and site visits. Where existing conservation areas are recommended to be retained, preferred options for testing have been identified for changes to the current designated boundary where appropriate.

2.0.4 In addition, the whole of the District has been reconsidered to ensure all areas worthy of designation have been identified. A desktop study and initial consultation with Parish/Town Councils and Local History Amenity Societies has been undertaken in accordance with the agreed methodology, to identify the potential for new conservation areas.This has been followed by further research and site visits to determine which areas of the District require further consideration and an initial conservation area appraisal. These appraisals have, in turn, lead to recommendations for new designations and preferred options for testing have been identified for boundaries to the new proposed conservation areas in conformity with the written methodology.

2.0.5 The consideration of existing and new conservation areas within the District is part of a wider scheme of work to enhance the Council's policy approach to heritage and conservation as part of the emerging Local Plan. This will also include the consideration of local areas of value and the identification of local heritage assets. Areas and buildings that do not meet the conservation area criteria will be considered against criteria for local areas of value and/or local heritage assets as part of a separate project within the emerging Local Plan.

2.0.6 After the Issues and Options consultation period, full character appraisals and designation reports will be prepared for each conservation area in conjunction with policies concerning the historic environment within the emerging Wealden District Local Plan(8)

5 Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69 6 Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology, February 2014 7 Agreed with Historic England (then English Heritage), February 2014 8 The weight to be given to the emerging Local Plan will be according to paragraph 216 of the National Planning Policy Framework 2012 5 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 2 Introduction and in accordance with the agreed Methodology with Historic England. The designation of the conservation areas is part of the Local Plan process and will take place at the adoption of the Wealden Local Plan.

2.0.7 Responses to the Issues and Options consultation, along with additional research when undertaking the more detailed conservation area appraisals, including character appraisal, will inform the final appraisal documents to be taken forwards for submission.

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Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

3 Background

3.0.1 The concept of conservation areas was first introduced in 1967 by the Civic Amenities Act as part of a wider recognition of the contribution made by areas of distinctive historic character. Although the merits of individual buildings had already been recognised for many years, through the listing process, the value of good quality historic areas had not been formally acknowledged until the 1967 Act.

3.0.2 The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local Planning Authority to determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable 3 Background to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(9)This designation gives Local Planning Authorities the opportunity to identify an area's special interest and to adopt specific conservation policies for the preservation and enhancement of the historic area. Designation also introduces additional planning controls over features that help to define the conservation area's special interest including:

control over the demolition of non-listed buildings and structures; control over some alterations to buildings; restriction of the types of advertisements with deemed consent; and control over works to trees which are not subject of a Tree Preservation Order.

3.0.3 Where conservation areas are already designated, the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local Planning Authority from time to time to review the past exercise of functions under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly(10).

3.0.4 The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) requires Local Planning Authorities to 'set out in their Local Plan a positive strategy for the conservation and enjoyment of the historic environment', which should take into account the desirability of sustaining and enhancing the significance of heritage assets (11) ; the wider social, cultural, economic and environmental benefits that conservation of the historic environment can bring; the desirability of new development making a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness; and the opportunities to draw on the contribution made by the historic environment to the character of a place'. (12) conservation areas fall within the definition of a heritage asset.

3.0.5 The NPPF requires local planning authorities, when considering the designation of conservation areas, to ensure that an area justifies such status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest.(13)

9 Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69 10 Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) 11 A heritage asset is defined in the National Planning Policy Framework as a building, monument, site, place, area or landscape identified as having a degree of significance meriting consideration in planning decisions, because of its heritage interest. Heritage asset includes designated heritage assets and assets identified by the local planning authority. 12 National Planning Policy Framework 2012, Chapter 12, paragraph 126 13 The National Planning Policy Framework, Chapter 12, paragraph 127 7 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 3 Background 3.0.6 The National Planning Practice Guidance (NPPG)(14) confirms that protecting and enhancing the historic environment is an important component of the drive to achieve sustainable development.

3.0.7 Policy SP02 of the adopted Wealden Core Strategy(15) highlights the need to protect the historic environment in the District. The emerging Wealden Local Plan(16) will contain more detailed policy relating to sustaining and enhancing the Historic Environment in Wealden, of which conservation areas form a significant element.

3.0.8 The local planning authority has a duty, when determining planning applications, to take account of the desirability of sustaining and enhancing the significance of a conservation area, including the positive contribution the conservation area can make to sustainable communities, including their economic vitality; and the desirability of new development making a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness.(17) When determining applications, the local planning authority must consider the impact of a proposed development on the significance of a designated heritage asset(18), including conservation areas. In order to do this, it is important to understand what it is that gives the area its distinct and unique character. This character is derived from a number of factors, including its historic development and context within the landscape; the type, style and form of buildings and structures (listed and unlisted), the spaces between buildings, vistas and views; materials, textures and colours; the natural features including open spaces, trees and hedgerows; and less tangible aspects such as sounds, smells and activity. All of these elements will contribute to the unique character of an area.

3.0.9 It is the quality and interest of areas, rather than that of individual buildings, which should be the prime consideration in identifying conservation areas. Our experience of an area depends on far more than just individual buildings, but on all the elements that form the unique character and sense of place. This could be through:

the layout of the boundaries and thoroughfares; a particular mix of uses; use of characteristic materials, scaling, detailing and density of buildings; and the quality of place, including advertisements, shop fronts, street furniture, hard and soft surfaces.

3.0.10 The permeability of an area, based on the types of and extent of vistas along streets, or into narrow alleyways, and the views into and out of an area are also key in defining that unique character, as well as the extent to which traffic may intrude and limit pedestrian access through an area and between buildings. Conservation area designation is a means to recognising all these elements that make a place unique and to ensure that conservation policy addresses the quality of the built environment in its broadest sense, as well as the protection of individual buildings and structures.

14 National Planning Practice Guidance March 2014 15 Wealden Core Strategy Local Plan, adopted February 2013 16 The weight to be given to the emerging Wealden Local Plan will be according to paragraph 216 of the National Planning Policy Framework 2012 17 The National Planning Policy Framework, Chapter 21, paragraph 131 8 18 The National Planning Policy Framework, Chapter 12, paragraphs 132-133 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

4 Agreed Methodology

4.1 Introduction

4.1.1 In order to undertake the substantial project to reappraise the existing conservation areas in the District and to enable consideration of potential new areas, a Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology was written and agreed with English Heritage (now Historic England) in February 2014. This Background Paper and Methodology was put together taking into account the current English Heritage guidance on best practice relating to conservation areas; current legislation; and the requirements of Government Policy laid out in the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) and accompanying Planning Policy Guidance (PPG).

4.1.2 The Paper covers the legislative background relating to conservation areas and the implications and benefits of such legislation; a methodology for the designation of conservation areas in Wealden District; and future management methods for designated conservation areas. Agreed Methodology 4 Agreed 4.1.3 A full copy of the Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology, February 2014, is in Appendix 1.

4.2 Criteria for measuring special interest and drawing the boundaries

4.2.1 There is no formal criteria within Government Legislation or Guidance relating to the method of consideration of designation of conservation areas, however, taking into account the current Historic England (English Heritage) advice notes, specific criteria was agreed in February 2014 for use when considering the review of existing conservation areas or the designation of any new areas in the District.

4.3 Criteria for Selection of Areas

Criteria for Selection of Areas

1.1 The majority of the built form has some strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit relating to age, design, choice of materials, planform, etc.

1.2 The area represents an important phase in the historic development of the settlement.

1.3 The built form, as a group, makes an important visual contribution to the settlement.

1.4 The area has a distinctive character derived from its historic pattern of land uses.

4.3.1 The selection of an area could be based on one or more of the above criteria; however, it is important to take into account the extent of erosion of historic detail and 9 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 4 Agreed Methodology intrusion of modern inappropriate development to ensure that there is sufficient special interest to warrant designation.

4.4 Criteria for Selection of Boundaries

Criteria for Selection of Boundaries

2.1 Edges of original settlements, based on archival material and on-site survey;

2.2 Historic property and field boundaries;

2.3 The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open spaces or landscaping, including historic research on the development of the settlement and the significance of planform;

2.4 Topographical features which form an integral part of the setting of the historic built environment, to include historical research of why the settlement developed within the associated landscape.

4.5 Consideration of potential new Conservation Areas

4.5.1 Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as conservation areas any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

4.5.2 Section 69 of the Act also states: ‘It shall be the duty of a local planning authority from time to time to review the past exercise of functions under this section and to determine whether any parts of any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly’. (s.69(2)).

4.5.3 The agreed methodology to determine whether any further parts of the District should be designated as conservation areas is as follows:

A desktop exercise to consider all settlements within the District currently without a conservation area, to include areas of contiguous built form which may not necessarily constitute a town or village. This desktop exercise will be based on officer knowledge of the District(19), and, where necessary, preliminary historic research, and will result in a shortlist of potential new Areas.

A visit to each of the potential Areas to ascertain whether they meet the criteria for Selection of Areas. This will immediately delete some potential Areas from the shortlist, and should leave areas which meet some or all of the selection criteria.

10 19 including knowledge from previous planning application and pre-application enquiries, Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

Further historical research may be required to understand how potential areas could more appropriately meet the selection criteria.

4.5.4 The application of this methodology will ensure a consistent approach across the District and will ensure that the Council meets the statutory duty laid down in Section 69 of the Act.

4.6 Re-appraisal of existing Conservation Areas

4.6.1 The existing 26 conservation areas have been variously designated and appraised between 1969 and 2003. In some instances, the original designation and appraisal has not been updated for over forty years. This has lead to a significant contrast in the quality of the character appraisals. In addition, there has been a lack of management of the majority of the conservation areas, which has lead to erosion of historic detailing (as demonstrated by the work undertaken for Rotherfield conservation area and associated Article 4 Direction). This has been, in part, due to the lack of up-to-date and detailed conservation area appraisals, which has made it difficult for the Council to assess and Methodology 4 Agreed resist inappropriate development.

4.6.2 The long time period over which the individual designation and appraisal of conservation areas within the District has been undertaken has lead to inconsistencies in approach, with the more modern appraisals being more detailed. Changes in legislation and guidance over the past forty years have also lead to more comprehensive consideration of what should comprise a conservation area.

4.6.3 Taking into account the age of the designations and appraisals; the potential erosion of historic character since original designation; the current guidance from Historic England(20) ; and the requirement of the NPPF to ensure that designation is not devalued through areas that lack special interest; it is considered that, for the sake of consistency, the existing Areas should be assessed as if being considered for the first time. The most appropriate methodology will be to utilise the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries.

4.6.4 English Heritage(21) Guidance, Understanding Place: Conservation Area Designation, Appraisal and Management (para 1.14), states that in areas designated many years ago, original interest may have been so eroded by the cumulative effect of piecemeal change or by single examples of poorly designed development that some parts of the area are no longer special, and boundary revisions are needed to exclude them. In some cases, the conservation area designation may need to be reconsidered. Consistent application of the Selection Criteria will ensure that only areas which still maintain special interest retain designation.

4.6.5 Conversely, it may be the case that original boundaries have been drawn too tightly and therefore, it may be appropriate to extend the boundaries of an existing area

20 formerly English Heritage 21 Although English Heritage is now Historic England, the Guidance Note is still current 11 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 4 Agreed Methodology to incorporate additional elements of a settlement which meet the Selection of Areas criteria and that would enhance the significance of the conservation area.

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5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

5.1 Introduction

5.1.1 The NPPF requires Local Planning Authorities to set out a positive strategy for the conservation and enjoyment of the historic environment(22). Designation of an area as a conservation area seeks to identify the significance of the historic character and qualities of the area; to ensure that new development respects the significance of the special character of the area; to ensure that the historic and architectural features are preserved; and to understand the significance of the setting of the conservation area.

5.1.2 There are currently 26 conservation areas in that part of the District for which Wealden District Council is the Local Planning Authority:

Table 1 Existing Conservation Areas

Cade Street Maresfield Chiddingly Mayfield Cousley Wood Old Heathfield Crowborough Pevensey & Westham Danehill Ripe East Hoathly Rotherfield Fletching Rushlake Green Forest Row Selmeston Framfield Uckfield Frant Wadhurst Hailsham Waldron Hartfield Withyham Hellingly Willingdon, Church Street

5.1.3 The existing conservation areas in the District have been designated between 1969 and 2003, and within those 34 years, legislation and guidance relating to the historic environment has changed considerably leading to several different approaches to the designation, appraisal and management of conservation areas. Even within the subsequent 12 years since the last appraisal was completed, government guidance has changed several times, most recently with the introduction of the NPPF.

5.1.4 Every conservation area has its own distinctive character and a strong sense of place. This character is made up from the topography, historic development, current uses and features, buildings, paths, lanes, hedges, trees, place names and open spaces. Understanding this unique character, including the social and economic background, is the starting point for the management of the conservation area, in order to sustain and

enhance its significance in the future. - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

22 NPPF, Chapter 12, paragraph 126 13 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.1.5 Paragraph 127 of the NPPF requires that: When considering the designation of conservation areas, local planning authorities should ensure that an area justifies such status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Original interest in designated areas may have been eroded by the cumulative effect of piecemeal change or by single examples of poorly designed development. This has been carefully considered in the reappraisal of the boundaries of existing conservation areas and boundary revisions proposed to exclude parts of areas that are no longer special.

5.1.6 A desktop exercise was undertaken to consider the boundaries to existing conservation areas and opportunities to extend and/or remove areas.This desktop exercise was based on officer knowledge of the District, including previous planning applications and pre-application enquiries, and consultation with the Parish/Town Councils and Local History Amenity Societies (see Chapter 8). Preliminary historic research, including a map regression exercise for each area, was also undertaken.

5.1.7 Criteria within the Conservation Area Appraisals Background Paper and Methodology (23)has been used when reviewing existing conservation areas. The criteria has been used to consider whether the existing conservation area still warrants designation and to review the existing boundaries in order to make recommendations to extend and/or remove areas from the conservation area.

Criteria for Selection of Areas

1.1 The majority of the built form has some strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit relating to age, design, choice of materials, planform, etc.

1.2 The area represents an important phase in the historic development of the settlement.

1.3 The built form, as a group, makes an important visual contribution to the settlement.

1.4 The area has a distinctive character derived from its historic pattern of land uses.

5.1.8 The selection of an area could be based on one or more of the above criteria; however, it is important to take into account the extent of erosion of historic detail and intrusion of modern inappropriate development to ensure that there is sufficient special interest to warrant designation.

14 23 Conservation Area Appraisals Background Paper and Methodology at Appendix 1 Wealden Local Plan

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Criteria for Selection of Boundaries

2.1 Edges of original settlements, based on archival material and on-site survey;

2.2 Historic property and field boundaries;

2.3 The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open spaces or landscaping, including historic research on the development of the settlement and the significance of planform;

2.4 Topographical features which form an integral part of the setting of the historic built environment, to include historical research of why the settlement developed within the associated landscape.

5.1.9 Assessment against this criteria has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the existing conservation areas and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained. The use of the agreed criteria for selection of areas and boundaries ensures a consistent approach is applied across the re-appraisal of all the existing conservation areas, and may have led to different recommendations in relation to the identification of areas and boundaries to those presently designated.

5.1.10 The following sections provide a summary of each of the 26 existing conservation areas, identifying recommendations and preferred options for testing for changes to the existing conservation area boundary. For each conservation area, this is accompanied by a map of the existing conservation area showing the preferred options for testing to change the boundary. A table summarises all the alternatives that have been considered for changes to each of the conservation area boundary and recommendations.

5.1.11 Where individual property addresses have been identified within an option to extend an area, these should not be relied upon, but should be cross referenced with the accompanying map showing the extent of the proposed changes for each area. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

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Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.2 Cade Street

5.2.1 Introduction

5.2.1.1 Cade Street is a small village situated in open countryside within the High Weald, about one mile to the east of Heathfield. It takes a mainly linear form on either side of Cade Street and extends down the road leading to Old Heathfield, with the historic core of the village centred around the Half Moon Public House and road junction to Old Heathfield and extending along the side of Heathfield Park to join the A265.The settlement is dominated by the cluster of buildings around the road junction and is otherwise dispersed along the two roadways that meet at the junction by the Half Moon Public House. With the exception of the development of Cade Street Nursery, little modern development and change has taken place. The current designated conservation area boundary includes the historic extent of the linear settlement between the former Cade Street Farm (Cade House) to the south east and the buildings around the road junction to the north west, extending down to Springfield oast house to the south west.

5.2.1.2 Cade Street Conservation Area was originally designated in 1995. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.2.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.2.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.2.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(24) has demonstrated that Cade Street has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(25).

5.2.2.2 The reappraisal of Cade Street conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.2.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

24 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 16 25 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

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5.2.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.2.2.5 There is one preferred option for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (26). For this reason it is proposed that this area be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 1 below.

5.2.2.6 There are no identified options to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Cade Street.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Cade Street has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that an option be considered to extend the current conservation area in one area, where the current appraisal has identified an area that provides a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which is not included in the current designated area.

There are no options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Option For Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: To include the late 19th-early 20th century buildings that extend along the north side of the road from the current south east extent of the conservation area to the junction with Huggletts Lane, as well as the historic buildings along the south side of the road opposite.

5.2.2.7 The map at Figure 1 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for along with the preferred option for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above.

26 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 17 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.2.3 Figure 1: Cade Street

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5.2.4 Alternatives Considered

5.2.4.1 Table 2 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Cade Street conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred option for testing on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

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20 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 2 Alternatives considered for Cade Street.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

CDS1 To include the late The No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.3, 1.4 and 2.1 19th-early 20th development is testing is to include and would enhance the significance of the century buildings the continuation within the heritage asset. that extend along of linear built conservation area the north side of the form of the boundary. The buildings on the north of the road have road from the village and architectural merit and retain their original current south east immediately detailing and are good examples of individually extent of the adjoins the south designed houses that represent the late conservation area eastern extent of 19th-early 20th century expansion of the village. to the junction with the conservation The buildings on the south of the road Huggletts Lane, as area. The Old represent the historic extent of the village and well as the historic Heathfield and are shown on the Tithe map. buildings along the Cade Street south side of the Society also road opposite. suggested including Fielden House.

CDS2 To include the Represents the No Preferred option is No longer meet criteria 1.1 due to later infill and buildings extending earlier 20th not to include and alterations and do not meet criteria 1.2, 1.3, along Huggletts century therefore, no 1.4 or 2.3. There has been later infill between Lane. extension of the change to and around the buildings and they feel village. boundary of the detached from the village proper, being located conservation area off the main linear route through the village. is recommended. The older properties have undergone Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

alterations and many have lost their original detailing.

CDS3 To include the land Represents the No Preferred option is No longer meet criteria 1.1 due to later infill and located at the south current south not to include and alterations and do not meet criteria 1.2, 1.3, west end of the west end of the therefore, no 1.4 or 2.3. There has been later infill around conservation area village and change to the buildings and the older properties have extending to the includes two boundary of the undergone alterations and lost of their original small green in front earlier 20th conservation area detailing. of Cade Barn. century is recommended. buildings.

CDS4 To extend the Heathfield Park No Preferred option is Although the house and grounds meet the conservation area house and not to include and selection criteria in terms of the merit of the to incorporate grounds is a therefore, no built form (1.1) and is an historic property and Heathfield Park historic park change to grounds (2.2), the Park was planned to be, and house and grounds located to the boundary of the continues to be, detached from the village and west of the conservation area so does not have a direct relationship with the conservation is recommended. village (1.2, 2.3, 2.4) or visual presence (1.3). area The house is listed and the grounds are a

designated park and garden, which is a more Wealden LocalPlan appropriate means of protection and management in this instance.

CDS5 To extend the Suggested by No Preferred option is Although the cottages meet the selection conservation area the Old not to include and criteria in terms of the merit of the built form to the west to Heathfield and therefore, no (1.1) and are historic properties (2.2), the change to properties appear to have historically been, and

21 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

22 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

include Cade Street boundary of the continues to be, detached from the village core Roundhouse Society. conservation area and instead are considered part of the wider Cottages, Rock is recommended. landscape of dispersed historic properties and Cottages and lanes that extend around the Wealden villages. Quarry Brook, The cottages do not have a direct relationship along with Nos 1-4 with the village (1.2, 2.3, 2.4) or visual presence Halley Road. (1.3), which are further detached visually from the village by the modern development of Heathfield Community College and Leisure Centre. Therefore, an extension to include the properties does not meet the selection criteria. 1-4 Halley Road are grade II listed, which is a more appropriate means of protection and management in this instance.

CDS6 To extend the Suggested by No Preferred option is Although the cottage meets the selection conservation area the Old not to include and criteria in terms of the merit of the built form to the south to Heathfield and therefore, no (1.1) and is an historic property (2.2), the include Browndown Cade Street change to cottage is extremely detached from the village Cottage, thought to Society. boundary of the core and instead is considered part of the wider have been the conservation area landscape of dispersed historic properties that original Pest is recommended. extend around the Wealden villages. The House. cottage does not have a visual presence in the village (1.3) and as the former pest house was purposely located away from the village core and so never part of the historic settlement (2.1), and so an extension to include the Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

property does not meet the selection criteria. The cottage is grade II listed, which is a more appropriate means of protection and management in this instance.

CDS7 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty in Cade Street. consideration. reasonable on every Local Planning Authority to determine alternative. which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Cade Street identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 1, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area. Wealden LocalPlan CDS8 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and changes to the alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty existing consideration reasonable on every Local Planning Authority from time to conservation area alternative. time to review the past exercise of functions boundary. under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should

23 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

24 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Cade Street Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.3 Chiddingly

5.3.1 Introduction

5.3.1.1 Chiddingly is a small village situated in open countryside within the Low Weald. It takes a mainly linear form on either side of "The Street", with the historic core of the village centred around the Parish Church, Vicarage and the Public House.The settlement is dominated by the Parish Church, to the east, and Chiddingly Place and associated buildings to the west. Very little modern development and change has taken place. The current designated conservation area boundary includes two elements of the village: the core around the church; and Chiddingly Place and immediate environs.

5.3.1.2 Chiddingly Conservation Area was originally designated in 1991. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.3.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.3.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.3.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(27) has demonstrated that Chiddingly has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(28).

5.3.2.2 The reappraisal of Chiddingly conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.3.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.3.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.3.2.5 There are two preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of

27 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 28 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 25 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (29). For this reason it is proposed that these two areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 2 below.

5.3.2.6 There are no identified options to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Chiddingly.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Chiddingly has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in two areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which are not included in the current designated area.

There are no options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options For Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1:To include the stretch of Highlands Lane to the immediate north of Chiddingly Place, including the hedged and treed boundary, along with the access drive into the site and associated land on the western side.

Option 2:To include additional land to the west and south of the Shearing Barn, along with the pond and land immediately adjacent to the east.

5.3.2.7 The map at Figure 2 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above.

26 29 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.3.3 Figure 2: Chiddingly Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

27 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.3.4 Alternatives Considered

5.3.4.1 Table 3 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Chiddingly conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map.

28 Table 3 Alternatives considered for Chiddingly.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Consideration part of CA(1)?

CDY1 To include the Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.3 and would stretch of conservation area testing is to include enhance the significance of the heritage Highlands Lane to and is part of the within the asset. the immediate immediate setting conservation area north of Chiddingly to Chiddingly Place boundary. Place, including the to the north and hedged and treed west. boundary, along with the access drive into the site and associated land on the western side.

CDY2 To include Adjoins the current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.3 and would additional land to conservation area testing is to include enhance the significance of the heritage the west and south and forms the within the asset. There is a strong visual relationship of the Shearing immediate setting conservation area between this additional land and the built form

Barn, along with to the Shearing boundary. within the current conservation area Wealden LocalPlan the pond and land Barn to the east boundary, and therefore, forms a significant immediately and west, and part of the historic setting and would enhance adjacent to the Chiddingly Place to the significance of the heritage asset. east. the north.

CDY3 To include the land The land forms the No Not to include and This land to the south of Highlands Lane located between setting for the therefore, no which includes a large field, and land to the

29 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

30 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

Chiddingly Place designated area change to south of the Six Bells Inn meets selection and the historic around Chiddingly boundary of the criteria 2.3 as the land forms the landscape core of the village Place in the east, conservation area setting to built form within both currently to the east. and to the historic is recommended in designated areas. However, there appears core of the village this location. to be no particular historic importance to this in the west and land, other than providing the important visual separates the two gap between Chiddingly Place and the areas. village. This land can be identified as the important open landscape setting lying outside the boundaries to both parts of the conservation area within a future appraisal document and would therefore be a material consideration in relation to any future planning matters. Therefore, it is not considered that this land warrants inclusion within the conservation area boundary.

CDY4 To include the built The development No Not to include and This area meets selection criteria 2.3 as it development to the is the continuation therefore, no continues the historic linear planform of the north of Highlands of linear built form change to village along the northern side of Highlands Lane, and to the on the northern boundary of the Lane. However, it would not meet the west of the historic side of Highlands conservation area requirements of criteria 1.1, 1.2 or 1.3 as the core of the village, Lane and is recommended in majority of the built form does not have strong between and immediately this location. intrinsic architectural or historic merit relating including Place adjoins the eastern to age, design, choice of materials or Corner Cottage element of the planform; does not represent an important and Downsview. conservation area phase in the historic development of the Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

around the village settlement; and the built form, as a group, core. does not make an important visual contribution to the settlement. Therefore, it is not considered that this land warrants inclusion within the conservation area boundary.

CDY5 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty in Chiddingly. consideration. reasonable on every Local Planning Authority to alternative. determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Chiddingly identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options For Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 2, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic Wealden LocalPlan England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

CDY6 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and changes to the alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty existing consideration on every Local Planning Authority from time

31 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

32 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

conservation area reasonable to time to review the past exercise of boundary. alternative. functions under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Chiddingly Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.4 Cousley Wood

5.4.1 Introduction

5.4.1.1 Cousley Wood is a hamlet within the High Weald situated approximately 1.5 miles north east of Wadhurst on the B2100. The hamlet is essentially linear in form, extending along Cousley Wood Road, the ridgeway between Sparrows Green and Lamberhurst (B2100). The historic core of the settlement is centred around the Old Vine public house and seems to have developed in association with Great Butts Farm, which is set back to the south of the road. With the exception of the development of a modern car garage, little modern development and change has taken place. The current designated conservation area boundary includes the historic extent of the linear settlement around the road junction to Windmill Lane, extending between Elder Cottage and the Mill House.

5.4.1.2 Cousley Wood Conservation Area was originally designated in 1995. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary. The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.4.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.4.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.4.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(30) has demonstrated that Cousley Wood has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(31).

5.4.2.2 The reappraisal of Cousley Wood conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.4.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

30 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 31 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 33 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.4.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.4.2.5 There are five preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (32). For this reason it is proposed that these areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 3 below.

5.4.2.6 There are no identified options to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Cousley Wood.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Cousley Wood has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in five areas, where the current appraisal has identified an area that provides a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which is not included in the current designated area.

There are no options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options For Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: Inclusion of the field between Windmill Lane and the Mill House and Owlers on Cousley Wood Road.

Option 2: Extension of the conservation area to include the cottages along Newbury Lane up to Oak Cottage.

34 32 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

Option 3: Slight boundary change to include the land immediately surrounding Luck's Farm and Church House (boundary currently extends through the plots) to include the whole plot and boundary treatments.

Option 4: Inclusion of Great Butts House and farm.

Option 5: Extension of the conservation area up to The Old Newsagent's Shop (Croxted House).

5.4.2.7 The map at Figure 3 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

35 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.4.3 Figure 3: Cousley Wood

36 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.4.4 Alternatives Considered

5.4.4.1 Table 4 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Cousley Wood conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred options for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

37

38 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 4 Alternatives considered for Cousley Wood.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

CYW1 Inclusion of the This field was No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.2 and 2.1, 2.3 and 2.4, field between historically part testing is to include being the field in which the earlier windmill stood Windmill Lane of the hamlet within the and part of the historic settlement. The lane and the Mill and contained conservation area adjacent is still called Windmill Lane and the Mill House and an earlier boundary. House still stands on the main Cousley Wood Owlers on windmill. Road in front of the field. The land rises in the Cousley Wood field up to the site of the former windmill site and Road. a slight mound is discernible on the ground.The field is therefore of topographical and historical significance with the potential for archaeological remains.

CYW2 Extension of the Forms part of the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2 conservation area historic testing is to include and 2.3, representing the small-scale 19th to include the development of within the century extension of the hamlet between cottages along the hamlet. conservation area Cousley Wood Road, up to and including the Newbury Lane up boundary. earlier timber-framed cottage (Oak Cottage) to Oak Cottage. along Newbury Lane. Whilst there has been some limited infill, the buildings remain relatively intact and retain their original detailing and the lane retains its rural character. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

CYW3 Slight boundary The No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.2 and clarifies the change to include conservation testing is to include location of the conservation area boundary to the whole plots of area boundary within the include the property boundaries where they are Luck's Farm and currently extends conservation area currently bisected by the conservation area Church House. through the boundary. boundary. properties. CYW4 Inclusion of Great Forms part of the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2 Butts House and historic testing is to include and 2.3, the farm appearing to have been farm. development of within the influential on the development of the hamlet and the hamlet. conservation area being owned by local prominent landowners and boundary. iron masters the Barhams from the early 16th century until the 18th century. The house appears to have been rebuilt in the mid-19th century.

CYW5 To extend the Forms part of the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2 conservation area historic testing is to include and 2.3, representing the historic extent of the up to The Old development of within the hamlet.Whilst there has been some limited infill, Newsagent's the hamlet. conservation area the buildings remain relatively intact and retain

Shop (Croxted boundary. their original detailing and are a continuation of Wealden LocalPlan House). the historic core of the hamlet.

CYW6 To extend the The cricket No Preferred option is Although the cricket ground is dates back to conservation area ground is located not to include and 1921 and so could meet criteria 2.2, the cricket to incorporate the to the west of the therefore, no ground is not integral to the hamlet and feels cricket ground conservation change to detached from the historic core and is not of area. boundary of the particular historical significance so does not

39 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

40 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

conservation area meet criteria 1.2, 2.3 or 2.4. The cricket ground is recommended. is considered important for the setting of the conservation area and will be identified as such in the final designation report.

CYW7 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation conservation area alternative for This is not a Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local in Cousley Wood. consideration. reasonable Planning Authority to determine which parts of alternative. their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Cousley Wood identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options For Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 3, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

CYW8 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation changes to the alternative for This is not a Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local existing consideration reasonable Planning Authority from time to time to review conservation area and Wadhurst alternative. the past exercise of functions under section 69 boundary. Parish Council and to determine whether any parts or any do not consider further parts of their area should be designated Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

changes are as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, required. they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Cousley Wood Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) Wealden LocalPlan 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2)

41 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.5 Crowborough

5.5.1 Introduction

5.5.1.1 Crowborough is situated about five miles south of Tunbridge Wells on a high hill (Crowborough Beacon) overlooking to the west and north. Crowborough developed as a spa during the late 19th and early part of the 20th century and before that the town hardly existed other than as a cross-roads on a secondary route from Lewes to Tunbridge Wells. Between 1890 and 1910 the town centre developed in an area concentrated around Crowborough Cross, extending southwards down the High Street to The Broadway and into Croft Road.

5.5.1.2 Crowborough Conservation Area was originally designated in 2001. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary. The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.5.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.5.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.5.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(33) has demonstrated that Crowborough has changed quite significantly through the piecemeal and cumulative intrusion of modern development on the historic core and the erosion of original architectural detailing to buildings. The reappraisal demonstrates that only a small element now still merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest and that to retain the additional areas that are currently designated would undermine the significance of the conservation area as a whole(34).

5.5.2.2 The reappraisal of Crowborough conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development and erosion of original architectural detailing to buildings.

5.5.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

33 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 42 34 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.5.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, a number of preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.5.2.5 There are three preferred options for testing to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.These areas are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. Exclusion of these areas will help ensure that the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, can be properly identified and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset. For this reason it is proposed that these three areas be removed from the currently designated conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 4 below.

5.5.2.6 There are no preferred options for testing to add new land or buildings to the current conservation area.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Crowborough, but significantly reduced in size.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Crowborough has changed significantly through the piecemeal and cumulative intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and erosion of original architectural detailing to buildings. A smaller area which still merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest has been identified.

It is recommended that options be considered to remove three areas from the current conservation area, where modern development has significantly intruded and altered the character and/or significance of the conservation area, or the original architectural detailing of buildings has been substantially eroded and lead to a reduction in architectural and historic interest.

There are no preferred options for testing to add new land or buildings to the current conservation area. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

43 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Preferred Options For Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings From Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: To exclude development on Beacon Road: Nos. 1, 2, 3 and The Post Office on the southern side and to exclude development between and including The Club and Christ Church on the northern side; to exclude all development to the north of Crowborough Cross on London Road and St Johns Road; to exclude a small area of land to the west of No.1 Eridge Road.

Option 2: To exclude all development in High Street including and south from The Fernbank Centre and the junction with New Road, including development along The Broadway and Crowborough Hill.

Option 3: To exclude all development in Croft Road.

5.5.2.7 The map at Figure 4 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above.

44 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.5.3 Figure 4: Crowborough Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

45 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.5.4 Alternatives Considered

5.5.4.1 Table 5 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Crowborough conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map.

46 Table 5 Alternatives considered for Crowborough.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Consideration part of CA(1)?

CRO1 To exclude There has been Yes Preferred option for This part of the current conservation area development on significant erosion testing is to represents an important phase in the historic Beacon Road: of historic exclude from the development of the settlement in the early 20th Nos. 1, 2, 3 and architectural conservation area century around and to the north of Crowborough The Post Office detailing to boundary. Cross and would meet criteria 1.2. However, on the southern buildings and the erosion of the original architectural detailing side and to shop fronts. to buildings and shop fronts has significantly exclude reduced the intrinsic architectural or historic development merit of the buildings and the visual contribution between and they make to this part of Crowborough. This, in including The combination with the intrusion of 20th century Club and Christ development within the original planform and Church on the pattern of land use within this part of northern side; to Crowborough has reduced the special interest exclude all and has lead to the recommendation of the development to removal of this area from the designation, as the north of identified in Option 1. This part of Crowborough Crowborough does not meet the requirements of criteria 1.1,

Cross on 1.3 and 1.4 and does not warrant continued Wealden LocalPlan London Road inclusion within the boundary of the conservation and St Johns area. Road; to exclude a small area of land to the west

47 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

48 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

of No.1 Eridge Road.

CRO2 To exclude all There has been Yes Preferred option for This part of the current conservation area development in significant erosion testing is to represents an important phase in the historic High Street of historic exclude from the development of the settlement in the early 20th including and architectural conservation area century along High Street and into The south from The detailing to boundary. Broadway and part of Crowborough Hill and Fernbank Centre buildings and would meet criteria 1.2. However, the erosion and the junction shop fronts, as of the original architectural detailing to buildings with New Road, well as intrusion and shop fronts has significantly reduced the including of modern intrinsic architectural or historic merit of the development development into buildings and the visual contribution they make along The the High Street. to this part of Crowborough. This, in Broadway and combination with the intrusion of 20th century Crowborough development within the original planform and Hill. pattern of land use within this part of Crowborough has reduced the special interest and has lead to the recommendation of the removal of this area from the designation, as identified in Option 1. This part of Crowborough does not meet the requirements of criteria 1.1, 1.3 and 1.4 and does not warrant continued inclusion within the boundary of the conservation area. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

CRO3 To exclude all There has been Yes Preferred option for This part of the current conservation area development in significant erosion testing is to represents an important phase in the historic Croft Road. of historic exclude from the development of the settlement in the early 20th architectural conservation area century along Croft Road and would meet criteria detailing to boundary. 1.2. However, the erosion of the original buildings and architectural detailing to buildings and shop shop fronts. fronts has significantly reduced the intrinsic architectural or historic merit of the buildings and the visual contribution they make to this part of Crowborough. This, in combination with the intrusion of 20th century development within the original planform and pattern of land use within this part of Crowborough has reduced the special interest and has lead to the recommendation of the removal of this area from the designation, as identified in Option 1. This part of Crowborough does not meet the requirements of criteria 1.1, 1.3 and 1.4 and does not warrant continued inclusion within the boundary of the conservation area. Wealden LocalPlan CRO4 To include The area lies No Not to include and This part of Crowborough was developed in the development in adjacent to the therefore, no late 19th and early 20th century and therefore New Road. development on change to represents an important phase in the historic the eastern side boundary of the development of the settlement under criteria of High Street in conservation area 1.2. However, the erosion of the original architectural detailing to buildings has

49 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

50 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

the part of the is recommended in significantly reduced the intrinsic architectural conservation area this location. or historic merit of the buildings and the visual recommended to contribution they make to this part of be retained and is Crowborough. Therefore, this area would not part of the late meet the requirements of criteria 1.1 and 1.3 19th and early and does not warrant inclusion within the 20th century boundary of the conservation area. development of this part of Crowborough.

CRO5 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation conservation alternative for This is not a Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local area in consideration. reasonable Planning Authority to determine which parts of Crowborough. alternative. their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the town of Crowborough identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 4, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

CRO6 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation changes to the alternative for This is not a Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local existing consideration and reasonable Planning Authority from time to time to review conservation Crowborough alternative. the past exercise of functions under section 69 area boundary. Town Council and to determine whether any parts or any support the further parts of their area should be designated retention of the as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, conservation area they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) without The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires amendment. Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Crowborough Conservation Area, under the

criteria agreed with Historic England, has Wealden LocalPlan demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2)

51 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.6 Danehill

5.6.1 Introduction

5.6.1.1 Danehill is situated in the north west of the District within the designated High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The core of the village is clustered around several junctions of minor roads with the A275 and has historically spread south in a random fashion along Church Lane.The village is essentially residential and a particularly prominent feature is the Church which stands on the hill to the south of the core of the village. There has been a substantial amount of building in the 20th Century, expanding upon the centre of the village along Freshfield Lane, and to the north and northeast along London Road and School Lane.

5.6.1.2 Danehill Conservation Area was originally designated in 1995. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.6.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.6.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.6.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(35) has demonstrated that Danehill has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development into the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(36).

5.6.2.2 The reappraisal of Danehill conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.6.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.6.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, a number of preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

35 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 52 36 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.6.2.5 There are two preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (37). For this reason it is proposed that these two areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 5 below.

5.6.2.6 There are no options proposed to exclude land and buildings from the current conservation area boundary.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Danehill.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Danehill has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development into the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in two areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas and buildings of heritage significance, and areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which are not included in the current designated area.

Preferred Options For Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: To include land to the north of Horsted Lane, incorporating Hope Cottage, Hillside Cottage and Greenacres, along with part of the street frontage to Danehill Farm and the adjacent telephone exchange and that part of Horsted Lane.

Option 2: To include the development and associated curtilages along Church Lane from Church Hill House to Christopher Fields (inclusive) on the western side of the road; and on the eastern side Highfield, Arnage, The Coach House, York Cottage and Black Dog Cottage; along with the road, verges and boundary hedges and trees through to, and including, the curtilage of Black Dog Cottage.

5.6.2.7 The map at Figure 5 shows the current designated conservation area boundary,

along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above. - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

37 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 53 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.6.3 Figure 5: Danehill

54 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.6.4 Alternatives Considered

5.6.4.1 Table 6 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Danehill conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

55

56 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 6 Alternatives considered for Danehill.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

DHL1 To include land to Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.3 and 2.3 and would the north of Horsted conservation testing is to include enhance the significance of the heritage asset. Lane, incorporating area and is part within the Hope Cottage, of the historical conservation area Hillside Cottage and development of boundary. Greenacres, along the village. with part of the street frontage to Danehill Farm and the adjacent telephone exchange and that part of Horsted Lane.

DHL2 To include the Adjoins the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4, development and current testing is to include and 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3. This part of the village associated curtilages conservation within the has developed in a piecemeal fashion between along Church Lane area and forms conservation area the 16th and 20th centuries, with many of the from Church Hill part of the boundary. buildings retaining strong intrinsic architectural House to historic or historic merit; the built form, as a group, Christopher Fields development of makes an important visual contribution to the (inclusive) on the the village settlement; and the layout of the area has a western side of the along Church distinctive character derived from its historic road; and on the Lane between pattern of land uses as represented by eastern side the 16th farmsteads and larger late 19th and early 20th Highfield, Arnage, century and century villa type houses and associated Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

The Coach House, early 20th outbuildings and grounds. The development York Cottage and century. continues along the ridgeline in the High Weald Black Dog Cottage; which is typical of village development and along with the road, expansion in this countryside area. verges and boundary hedges and trees through to, and including, the curtilage of Black Dog Cottage.

DHL3 To include land to Proposed for No Preferred option is It could be argued that this field to the south of the east of London consideration not to include and School Lane and east of London Road, meets Road and south of by the Parish therefore, no selection criteria 2.3 as the land forms the School Lane. Council and change to landscape setting to built form within the Danehill Parish boundary of the currently designated area. However, there Historical conservation area appears to be no particular historic importance Society is recommended. to this land, other than providing an open general setting to this part of the village and latterly, a visual gap to the modern development on the southern side of School Lane. This land Wealden LocalPlan can be identified as the important open landscape setting lying outside the boundary to the conservation area within a future appraisal document and would therefore be a material consideration in relation to any future planning matters.

57 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

58 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

DHL4 Proposed extension Proposed for No Not to include and This small area of land outside the southeastern to the cemetery and consideration therefore, no corner of the cemetery which borders onto view opposite. by the Parish change to Lewes Road abuts the current conservation Council. boundary of the area boundary. However, although it could be conservation area argued that this small area meets selection is recommended in criteria 2.3 as it forms part of the immediate this location. setting to the conservation area, and may be proposed for a future community use, it has no particular historic importance or significance. In addition, turning to the small area of land on the western side of Lewes Road which forms the view opposite, this is also within the wider setting of the conservation area. Important views and general landscape setting will be identified within a future appraisal document and would therefore be a material consideration in relation to any future planning matters.

DHL5 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area in alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on Danehill. consideration. reasonable every Local Planning Authority to determine alternative. which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Danehill identified in the Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 5, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

DHL6 To make no changes This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and to the existing alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on conservation area consideration reasonable every Local Planning Authority from time to time boundary. alternative. to review the past exercise of functions under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the Wealden LocalPlan designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Danehill Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic

59 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

60 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.7 East Hoathly

5.7.1 Introduction

5.7.1.1 The village of East Hoathly lies within the gently sloping agricultural landscape between the High Weald and the South Downs, around 4.5 miles south east of Uckfield. The village core is located around the crossroads of Waldron Road, London Road and High Street, with the church and school historically isolated to the southwest. The village expanded southwards along the High Street/South Street in the 19th century, and there has been a significant amount of in-depth post-war 20th and 21st century development set back on either side of the road.

5.7.1.2 East Hoathly Conservation Area was originally designated in 1995. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.7.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.7.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.7.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(38) has demonstrated that East Hoathly has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(39).

5.7.2.2 The reappraisal of East Hoathly conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.7.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.7.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, a number of preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.7.2.5 There are three preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of

38 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 39 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 61 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (40). For this reason it is proposed that these three areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 6 below.

5.7.2.6 There are two preferred options for testing to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.These areas are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that these two areas be removed the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 6 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for East Hoathly.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: East Hoathly has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in three areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas and buildings of heritage significance, and areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which are not included in the current designated area.

There are two options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings from the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options For Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: To include land to the north of the current conservation area incorporating Hesmonds and environs, Hesmonds Farm buildings, Gate House and environs, Gate House Cottage, and Belmont House and environs, along with the length of Waldron Road to the junctions with Hollow Lane and Graywood Road.

Option 2: To include development to either side of the remainder of High Street, and southwards along South Street to below Park Lodge, including verges and treed boundaries and hedgerows, but not including Rectory Close, The Mews or No.22.

62 40 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

Option 3:To include East Hoathly Church and churchyard, East Hoathly CofE Primary School and adjacent public footpath to the north east, along with access via Church Marks Lane.

Preferred Options For Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings From Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 4: To alter the boundary to exclude No. 23 (Lydfords Nursing Home) and environs, but retaining the treed frontage within the conservation area boundary; and to exclude Wayside in Buttsfield Lane.

Option 5: To alter the boundary to exclude a small area of land beyond the rear boundary of Warnham, 9 Waldron Road, where it overlaps No.5 Village Works.

5.7.2.7 The map at Figure 6 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

63 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.7.3 Figure 6: East Hoathly

64 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.7.4 Alternatives Considered

5.7.4.1 Table 7 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to East Hoathly conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

65

66 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 7 Alternatives considered for East Hoathly.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

EHY1 To include land to the Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.2 north of the current conservation testing is to include and 2.3 and would enhance the significance conservation area area and is part within the of the heritage asset. This area represents incorporating of the historical conservation area an important 18th century expansion of the Hesmonds and development of boundary. village to the north with large single properties environs, Hesmonds the village. and associated ancillary buildings. The built Farm buildings, Gate form also has an important visual contribution House and environs, through architectural character and interest Gate House Cottage, and retention of original pattern of and Belmont House development. and environs, along with the length of Waldron Road to the junctions with Hollow Lane and Graywood Road.

EHY2 To include Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.2 development to either conservation testing is to include and 2.3 and would enhance the significance side of the remainder area and is part within the of the heritage asset. This area represents of High Street, and of the historical conservation area an important expansion of the village to the southwards along development of boundary. south, predominantly in the late 19th century, South Street to below the village. with some earlier buildings interspersed. The Park Lodge, including built form also has an important visual verges and treed contribution through architectural character boundaries and Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

hedgerows, but not and interest and retention of original pattern including Rectory of development. Close, The Mews or No.22.

EHY3 To include East Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.2 Hoathly Church and conservation testing is to include and 2.3 and would enhance the significance churchyard, East area and is part within the of the heritage asset. This area represents Hoathly CofE Primary of the historical conservation area important phases in the settlement of the School and adjacent development of boundary. development and the built form also has an public footpath to the the village. important visual contribution through north east, along with architectural character and interest and access via Church retention of original pattern of development. Marks Lane.

EHY4 To alter the boundary Yes Preferred option for The original 19th century building at No.23 to exclude No. 23 testing is to exclude High Street (Lydfords Nursing Home) has (Lydfords Nursing from the undergone significant change and Home) and environs, conservation area redevelopment and this has significantly but retaining the treed boundary. eroded the visual, architectural and historic

frontage within the merit of the building. Therefore, the building Wealden LocalPlan conservation area no longer meets the criteria for Selection of boundary; and to Areas and the recommendation is to exclude exclude Wayside in from the conservation area boundary. The Buttsfield Lane. property 'Wayside' in Butts Field Lane to the east of No.23 High Street is a modern dwelling which does not meet the criteria for Selection of Areas and therefore does not

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68 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

warrant inclusion within the conservation area boundary.

EHY5 To alter the boundary Yes Preferred option for The small area appears to incoproate part of to exclude a small testing is to exclude the building at No.5 Village Works which has area of land beyond from the no architectural or historic merit and does not the rear boundary of conservation area meet the Selection of Areas criteria, and Warnham, 9 Waldron boundary. therefore does not warrant inclusion within Road, where it the conservation area boundary. overlaps No.5 Village Works.

EHY6 To include land to the No Not to include It could be argued that this open field to the south of Park Lodge, within the south of Park Lodge on the western side of South Street. conservation area South Street meets selection criteria 2.3 as boundary. the land forms the landscape setting to built form at this end of the village. However, there appears to be no particular historic importance to this land, other than providing the important visual landscape setting and visual gap between Park Lodge and the later development at the southern end of South Street. This land can be identified as the important open landscape setting lying outside the boundary to an extended conservation area within a future appraisal document and would therefore be a material Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

consideration in relation to any future planning matters.

EHY7 To include the No Not a reasonable Although this is an important historic moated Scheduled Monument alternative - no site within the landscape, it is visually isolated and Moat Wood to the change to the from the village by the surrounding trees of south west of the boundary of the Moat Wood. The site has protection through village. conservation area its designation as a Scheduled Monument. is recommended. Inclusion of this site would not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore is not considered to be a reasonable alternative for inclusion in the conservation area.

EHY8 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area in alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty East Hoathly. consideration. reasonable on every Local Planning Authority to alternative. determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to

designate those areas as conservation Wealden LocalPlan areas.(2) The parts of the village of East Hoathly identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 6, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic

69 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

70 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

EHY9 To make no changes This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and to the existing alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty conservation area consideration reasonable on every Local Planning Authority from time boundary. alternative. to time to review the past exercise of functions under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the East Hoathly Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden LocalPlan

71 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.8 Fletching

5.8.1 Introduction

5.8.1.1 Fletching is located on the southern edge of the High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty around 3 miles north west of Uckfield. The village core has primarily developed in a linear fashion along High Street and Church Street, with outlying farms to either end of the village. Later modern development is confined to Cherry Cottages to the east of High Street, a small amount of mid 20th century linear development to the north of High Street, and outlying modern development to the south of Church Street.

5.8.1.2 Fletching Conservation Area was originally designated in 1992. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.8.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.8.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.8.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(41) has demonstrated that Fletching has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(42).

5.8.2.2 The reappraisal of Fletching conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.8.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.8.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, a number of preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.8.2.5 There are four preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to

41 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 72 42 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (43). For this reason it is proposed that these four areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 7 below.

5.8.2.6 There is one preferred option to exclude land and buildings from the current conservation area boundary. This area is not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant its inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that this area be removed the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 7 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Fletching.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Fletching has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in four areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas and buildings of heritage significance, and areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which are not included in the current designated area.

There is one option recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options For Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: To include land to at Church Farm incorporating older farm buildings and related open spaces.

Option 2: To include land to the east of 1-4 Oak Cottages and Atherall's Farmhouse, along with the farm buildings to the road frontage to the north of Atherall's Farmhouse, the road and associated roadside boundary hedgerows and trees.

Option 3: To include land comprising part of the track to the north of 4 Robins Cross Cottages. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

43 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 73 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Option 4: To include land comprising two small area of residential curtilage to Clinton Lodge, and one small area of residential curtilage of Elm Cottage.

Preferred Option for Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings from The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 5: To alter the boundary to the west of the Rose and Crown PH and Mays House to exclude the agricultural building and land to the immediate south, forming part of the large agricultural parcel of land to the west.

5.8.2.7 The map at Figure 7 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above.

74 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.8.3 Figure 7: Fletching Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

75 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.8.4 Alternatives Considered

5.8.4.1 Table 8 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Fletching conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map.

76 Table 8 Alternatives considered for Fletching.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Consideration part of CA(1)?

FTG1 To include land to at Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.2, 1.4 and 2.3 Church Farm conservation area testing is to include and would enhance the significance of the incorporating older and is part of the within the heritage asset. A number of earlier farm farm buildings and historical conservation area buildings also survive within this area. related open spaces. development of the boundary. village.

FTG2 To include land to Adjoins the current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.3 as the land the east of 1-4 Oak conservation area, testing is to include forms the immediate setting to built form Cottages and forms the important within the within the current conservation area Atherall's visual backdrop to conservation area boundary and would enhance the Farmhouse, along built form at the boundary. significance of the heritage asset. with the farm northern end of High buildings to the road Street and would frontage to the north ensure that the of Atherall's conservation area Farmhouse, the road boundary is and associated contiguous with

roadside boundary property boundaries Wealden LocalPlan hedgerows and in this area. trees.

FTG3 To include land Historical research No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 2.1 and 2.2. comprising part of has demonstrate testing is to include This trackway is the remains of an historic the track to the north that this is a within the route from the top of High Street across the landscape to the westand inclusion

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78 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

of 4 Robins Cross historical routeway conservation area would enhance the significance of the Cottages. across the boundary. heritage asset. landscape to the west.

FTG4 To include land Ensures that the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.3 as the land comprising two small conservation area testing is to include forms the immediate setting to built form area of residential boundary is within the within the current conservation area curtilage to Clinton contiguous with the conservation area boundary and would enhance the Lodge, and one formal garden boundary. significance of the heritage asset. small area of boundaries. residential curtilage of Elm Cottage.

FTG5 To alter the The building has no Yes Preferred option for Does not meet the selection criteria for boundary to the west particular testing is to exclude Selection of Areas. This building and of the Rose and architectural merit from the associated land does not relate to the Crown PH and Mays and is related to the conservation area development of the settlement, but rather House to exclude agricultural uses of boundary. to the agricultural land to the west, has no the agricultural the large parcel of architectural or historic merit and makes building and land to land to the west. no visual contribution to the settlement. the immediate south, Therefore, this area does not warrant forming part of the inclusion in the conservation area large agricultural boundary. parcel of land to the west. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

FTG6 To include land This area of land No Not to include The recreation ground and the older incorporating represents another within the remaining barn at Parsonage Farm make Parsonage Farm outlying farmstead at conservation area a significant visual contribution to the and the Recreation the southern end of boundary. setting of the village and would meet Ground. the village, along criteria 1.3. The existence of a further with the visually outlying farm in this location is also typical open recreation of the development of the settlement and ground, both of would meet criteria 1.2. However, the which are prominent visual character of the wider Parsonage on entering the Farm area has been eroded by modern village from the east. residential and agricultural development, and historical research has not provided any particular importance to the current recreational ground area in relation to the development of the settlement. Therefore, it is not considered that the proposals would meet the remaining Selection of Area criteria and would therefore not warrant inclusion in the conservation area boundary. Wealden LocalPlan FTG7 Not to have a This is an alternative Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area in for consideration. This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a Fletching. reasonable duty on every Local Planning Authority to alternative. determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of

79 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

80 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Fletching identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 7, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

FTG8 To make no changes This is an alternative Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and to the existing for consideration This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a conservation area reasonable duty on every Local Planning Authority boundary. alternative. from time to time to review the past exercise of functions under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Fletching Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden LocalPlan

81 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.9 Forest Row

5.9.1 Introduction

5.9.1.1 Forest Row Conservation Area was originally designated in 1992. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.9.1.2 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.9.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.9.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(44) has demonstrated that Forest Row has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(45).

5.9.2.2 The reappraisal of Forest Row conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.9.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.9.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, a number of preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.9.2.5 There are four preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (46). For this reason it is proposed

44 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 45 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 82 46 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

that these four areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 8 below.

5.9.2.6 There are three preferred options for testing to exclude land and buildings from the current conservation area boundary.These areas are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that these three areas be removed the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 8 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Forest Row.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Forest Row has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in four areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas and buildings of heritage significance, and areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which are not included in the current designated area.

There are three options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: To include Hartfield Road from the junction with Station Road, east to No.42. Area to include the playing field, Nos. 29 and 30, and Nos. 35-42 on the northern side; and Beaumont, Hambro Hall, the Community Centre and the public open space on the southern side.

Option 2: To include Hartfield Road From the telephone exchange through to the Forester's Arms, including Newlands Place and development immediately to the north.

Option 3: To include Lower road, except Medway Buildings, the car park, The Firs, Trimmers End, Timmers Pond, Downham and Apple Trees.

Option 4: To include Griffiths Path and Gilham Lane and the land between, along with Appletrees and Spring Cottage. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

83 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Preferred Options for Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings From Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 5: To alter the boundary to the south of Kidbrooke Lodge to exclude Markvien and The Rowans.

Option 6: To alter the boundary to exclude Kennard Court, adjacent parking area, and the modern development to the rear of the Brambletye Hotel

Option 7: To alter the boundary to exclude land to the north of Gaia and buildings associated with Chadder & Co on London Road.

5.9.2.7 The map at Figure 8 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above.

84 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.9.3 Figure 8: Forest Row Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

85 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.9.4 Alternatives Considered

5.9.4.1 Table 9 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Forest Row conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map.

86 Table 9 Alternatives considered for Forest Row.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Consideration part of CA(1)?

FRW1 To include Hartfield The open spaces No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and Road from the are shown on the testing is to include 1.4, as well as 2.3 and 2.4 and would junction with Station Tithe Map, and within the enhance the significance of the heritage Road, east to much of the built conservation area asset.This part of the village incorporates No.42. Area to development boundary. the former National School, now the include the playing relates to the late Community Centre, good examples of late field, Nos. 29 and 19th century 19th century and early 20th century 30, and Nos. 35-42 development of the development, and the former Toll House. on the northern side; village, including The playing field and public open space and Beaumont, the former National on the southern side of the road is also a Hambro Hall, the School building. remnant of historic open space on the Community Centre edge of the centre of the village. and the public open space on the southern side.

FRW2 To include Hartfield Adjoins the current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.2 and 1.3. There Road From the conservation area testing is to include is a strong visual relationship between the

telephone exchange and development within the development along this part of Hartfield Wealden LocalPlan through to the on the norther side conservation area Road and the centre of the village. The Forester's Arms, relates to boundary. development on the northern side including Newlands expansion of the represents an important phase of building Place and village along in the village linked with the arrival of the development Hartfield Road railway, and the buildings incorporating immediately to the after the arrival of the former depot and workshops relate to north. the railway, local industry and agriculture in the area

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88 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

terminating at the from the late 19th century, and inclusion former Railway would enhance the significance of the Hotel (Forester's heritage asset. Inclusion of this area Arms). would require Newlands Place, a modern row of shops, to be incorporated within the conservation area. However, the wider significance of the development along this part of Hartfield Road justifies its inclusion.

FRW3 To include Lower Lower Road is a No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.3 road, except historic route to the testing is to include and 2.4. This part of the village forms the Medway Buildings, east of the High within the backdrop to the development on the High the car park, The Street and built conservation area Street on the higher ground and would Firs, Trimmers End, form began to be boundary. enhance the significance of the heritage Timmers Pond, developed in the asset. Lower Road is a historic route Downham and Apple late 19th century. shown on the tithe map and the older Trees. smaller cottages represent late 19th and early 20th century development in this area. This part of Forest Row was also the location for local industry, with at least one larger building surviving from the early 20th century.

FRW4 To include Griffits Adjoins the current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.4, 2.1, Path and Gilham conservation testing is to include 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 Griffits Path and Gilham Lane and the land area. within the Lane are on the northern edge of the between, along with conservation area former Kidbrooke Park planned boundary. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

Appletrees and landscape. Gilham lane is a historic Spring Cottage. routeway and older buildings survive in the vicinity, therefore, inclusion will would enhance the significance of the heritage asset.

FRW5 To alter the There have been No Preferred option for The modern housing does not meet the boundary to the changes to this testing is to exclude Selection of Area criteria and does not south of Kidbrooke area subsequent to from the enhance the significance of the heritage Lodge to exclude the original conservation area asset. Markvien and The designation of the boundary. Rowans. conservation area.

FRW6 To alter the There have been No Preferred option for The modern development and associated boundary to exclude changes to this testing is to exclude parking area does not meet the Selection Kennard Court, area subsequent to from within the of Area criteria and does not enhance the adjacent parking the original conservation area significance of the heritage asset. area, and the designation of the boundary. modern conservation area. development to the

rear of the Wealden LocalPlan Brambletye Hotel

FRW7 To alter the There have been No Preferred option for The modern development and car park boundary to exclude changes to this testing is to exclude area does not meet the Selection of Area area subsequent to from within the criteria and does not enhance the the original conservation area significance of the heritage asset. boundary.

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90 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

land to the north of designation of the Gaia and buildings conservation area. associated with Chadder & Co on London Road.

FRW8 To include buildings This is a late 19th No Not to include and Although this part of the village represents on either side of and early 20th therefore, no part of the late 19th century and early 20th Highfields and century of change to the century phase of expansion to the south development along expansion of the conservation area of the village centre, there has been this part of Lewes village along boundary is erosion of original architectural detailing Road between Lewes Road and recommended. to some of the buildings. Highfields has Dirleton House and adjoins the current quite a distinctive character, due in part to The Lodge. conservation area the unmetalled road, but the built form, as boundary. a group, does not make an important visual contribution to the core of historic development in the village centre due to the lack of inter-visibility. Therefore, this area does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and does not warrant inclusion within the designated conservation area.

FRW9 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area in alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a Forest Row. consideration. reasonable duty on every Local Planning Authority to alternative. determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Forest Row identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 8, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

FRW10 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and changes to the alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a existing consideration reasonable duty on every Local Planning Authority conservation area alternative. from time to time to review the past boundary. exercise of functions under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate Wealden LocalPlan those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of

91 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

92 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Forest Row Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.10 Framfield

5.10.1 Introduction

5.10.1.1 Framfield is located around two miles to the south east of Uckfield. The core of the village is focused around the church and crossroads, with historic linear development continuing along The Street to the east. Framfield Place, along with gardens and parkland is located to the immediate west of the crossroads. Modern development has predominantly taken place to the rear of frontage development on the southern side of The Street, to the west of the B2102, and off Sandy Lane to the northeast. Only a small amount of modern infill development has occurred along The Street.

5.10.1.2 Framfield Conservation Area was originally designated in 1991. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.10.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.10.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.10.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(47) has demonstrated that Framfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(48).

5.10.2.2 The reappraisal of Framfield conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.10.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.10.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, a number of preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.10.2.5 There are two preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of

47 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 48 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 93 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (49). For this reason it is proposed that these two areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 9 below.

5.10.2.6 There is one preferred option to exclude land and buildings from the current conservation area boundary. This area is not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant its inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that this area be removed the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 9 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Framfield.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Framfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in two areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas and buildings of heritage significance, and areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which are not included in the current designated area.

There is one option recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: To include the recreation ground to the north of The Street.

Option 2: To include the eastern end of The Street from adjacent to Veterinary House through to the crossroads with the B2102 and Sandy Lane/Gatehouse Lane. Extension to include development on the northern side from Farriers to Old Posthouse . On the southern side, the extension excludes Newcot and Meriadoc, and development between and including Cedric to Apple Tree Cottage, apart from the front boundary of each plot.

94 49 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

Preferred Options for Testing To Exclude Land or Buildings From Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 3: To alter the boundary to exclude Willow Cottage.

5.10.2.7 The map at Figure 9 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

95 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.10.3 Figure 9: Framfield

96 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.10.4 Alternatives Considered

5.10.4.1 Table 10 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Framfield conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

97

98 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 10 Alternatives considered for Framfield.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

FFD1 To include the Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.2, 1.4, and 2.3 and recreation ground to conservation testing is to include would enhance the significance of the heritage the north of The area and is part within the asset. The recreation ground was created by Street. of the historical conservation area the village to commemorate the First World development of boundary. War and in remembrance of the servicemen the village. who died from the Parish.

FFD2 To include the Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and eastern end of The conservation testing is to include 1.4,along with 2.2 and 2.3. This area Street from adjacent area and is part within the represents development of the village in the to Veterinary House of the historical conservation area 19th and early 20th century along the eastern through to the development of boundary. end of the Street and makes a strong visual crossroads with the the village. contribution to the settlement, and has a B2102 and Sandy strong intrinsic architectural character. The Lane/Gatehouse open space to the top of Beckets Way was in Lane. Extension to existence at the time of the Tithe Map in the include development 1840s. Inclusion of the area in this option on the northern side would enhance the significance of the heritage from Farriers to Old asset. Posthouse . On the southern side, the extension excludes Newcot and Meriadoc, and development between and Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

including Cedric to Apple Tree Cottage, apart from the front boundary of each plot.

FFD3 To alter the This is a modern Yes Preferred option for This is a modern building development which boundary to exclude dwelling testing is to exclude does not enhance the heritage asset and does Willow Cottage. constructed after from the not meet the Selection of Area criteria. the designation of conservation area Therefore, it does not warrant continued the conservation boundary. inclusion in the conservation area. area in 1991.

FFD4 To include This is an older No Not to include Although of architectural merit and in Hammonds Green building on the within the existence on the 1840 Tithe Map, this building Cottage and edge of the conservation area is isolated from the settlement and therefore environs. village of boundary. would not enhance the significance of the architectural heritage asset. merit.

FFD5 To include the This is the No Not to include The surrounding parkland is integral to the Wealden LocalPlan surrounding historic area of within the visual setting to the house, gardens and parkland relating to parkland relating conservation area ancillary historic buildings. However, this area Framfield Place. to Framfield boundary. is part of the wider landscape setting to Place and Framfield Place and the adjacent village and creates the can be identified as the important open setting for this landscape setting lying outside the boundary building, gardens of the conservation area within a future

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and ancillary appraisal document and would therefore be buildings. a material consideration in relation to any future planning matters. Therefore, it is not considered that this land warrants inclusion within the conservation area boundary.

FFD6 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area in alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty Framfield. consideration. reasonable on every Local Planning Authority to alternative. determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Framfield identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 9, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

FFD7 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and changes to the alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty existing consideration reasonable on every Local Planning Authority from time alternative. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

conservation area to time to review the past exercise of functions boundary. under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Framfield Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations

to the current designated conservation area Wealden LocalPlan boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2)

101 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.11 Frant

5.11.1 Introduction

5.11.1.1 Frant is a village within the High Weald situated approximately 3 miles to the south of Tunbridge Wells. The majority of the village is located to the west of the A267 road, but also includes the buildings fronting onto the east side of the road. The historic core of the village is centred around the church of St. Alban and High Street and around the village green. Little modern development and change has taken place within the historic core, with most of the modern development in the village occurring within the grounds of the large private estates on the peripheries of the village. The current designated conservation area boundary includes the historic extent of the village around the church, High Street and Green.

5.11.1.2 Frant Conservation Area was originally designated in 1976 and a reappraisal was carried out in 2003. The current re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.11.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.11.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.11.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(50) has demonstrated that Frant has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(51).

5.11.2.2 The reappraisal of Frant conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.11.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.11.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

50 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 102 51 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.11.2.5 There is one preferred option for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (52). For this reason it is proposed that this area be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 10 below.

5.11.2.6 There are four preferred options for testing to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.These areas are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that these four areas are removed from the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 10 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Frant.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Frant has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in one area, where the current appraisal has identified an area that provides a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which is not included in the current designated area.

There are four options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary, where the current appraisal has identified areas that are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: Inclusion of the house and adjoining land at Thornbury, a later 19th century house on the southern edge of the current boundary. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

52 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 103 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Preferred Option for Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings from Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 2: Exclusion of the earlier 20th century houses to the north of the Green that are detached from the historic core and have been encroached upon by modern development.

Option 3: Slight boundary change to exclude land to the rear of the George Inn that is not part of the plot boundary.

Option 4: Exclusion of the 20th century houses to the east of the Green that are detached from the historic core.

Option 5: Exclusion of an area of land to the north of Frant Court gardens that does not form part of the gardens.

5.11.2.7 The map at Figure 10 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above.

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5.11.3 Figure 10: Frant Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

105 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.11.4 Alternatives Considered

5.11.4.1 Table 11 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Frant conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred options for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map.

106 Table 11 Alternatives considered for Frant.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Consideration part of CA(1)?

FNT1 Inclusion of the Later 19th No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1 and 2.1 and 2.2, house and century house on testing is to include representing the 19th century extent of the adjoining land at the southern within the village. The building remains relatively intact Thornbury. edge of the conservation area and retains original detailing. current boundary. boundary.

FNT2 Exclusion of the Do not form part Yes Preferred option for The houses do not meet the selection criteria. earlier 20th century of the historic testing is to exclude The houses are not visible from the village (1.3) houses to the north core of the from the and are detached from the historic core(2.3). of the Green. village. conservation area They have also been encroached upon by boundary. modern development which has eroded the character of the houses (1.4).

FNT3 Slight boundary The conservation Yes Preferred option for Does not meet criteria 2.2 and clarifies the change to exclude area boundary testing is to exclude location of the conservation area boundary to land to the rear of currently extends from the exclude land where the property boundaries the George Inn that through the conservation area are currently bisected by the conservation area is not part of the properties. boundary. boundary. plot boundary. Wealden LocalPlan FNT4 Exclusion of the Do not form part Yes Preferred option for The houses do not meet the selection criteria. 20th century of the historic testing is to exclude The houses are not of an age or design to meet houses to the east core of the from the criteria 1.1.The houses are not visible from the of the Green that village. conservation area village (1.3), being well screen from the Green, are detached from boundary. and are detached from the historic core (2.3). the historic core.

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

FNT5 Exclusion of an The land does Yes Preferred option for The land does not appear to be part of Frant area of land to the not form part of testing is to exclude Court historic park and garden and so does not north of Frant the historic from the meet the selection criteria. Court gardens. gardens. conservation area boundary.

FNT6 To extend the Shernfold Park No Preferred option is Although the house and grounds meet the conservation area house and not to include and selection criteria in terms of the merit of the to incorporate grounds is a therefore, no built form (1.1) and is an historic property and Shernfold Park historic house change to boundary grounds (2.2), the Park was planned to be, and house and grounds and grounds of the conservation continues to be, detached from the village and located to the area is so does not have a direct relationship with the south of the recommended. village (1.2, 2.3, 2.4) or visual presence (1.3). conservation The house is listed and the grounds for the area setting of the listed building, which is a more appropriate means of protection and management in this instance.

FNT7 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty in Frant. consideration. reasonable on every Local Planning Authority to determine alternative. which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

the village of Frant identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 10, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

FNT8 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and changes to the alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty existing consideration reasonable on every Local Planning Authority from time to conservation area alternative. time to review the past exercise of functions boundary. under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of Wealden LocalPlan conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Frant Conservation Area,

109 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.12 Hailsham

5.12.1 Introduction

5.12.1.1 Hailsham is a town approximately 30m above sea level on a spur of land to the west of the . The town is located 6 miles north of Eastbourne on the former Eastbourne to Tunbridge Wells road (now bypassed).The historic core of the town is centred around St. Mary's Church and Market Square and extends north-south along the High Street and Market Street and east-west along George Street and Vicarage Road. Due to the surrounding flat land the church is highly visible in the surrounding landscape. Whilst there has been some modern development within the town, an historic core has been maintained around the historic crossroads extending from the Market Square.

5.12.1.2 Hailsham Conservation Area was originally designated in 1970 and re-appraised in 1997. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.12.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.12.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.12.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(53) has demonstrated that Hailsham has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(54).

5.12.2.2 The reappraisal of Hailsham conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.12.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.12.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the

significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future. - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

53 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 54 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 111 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.12.2.5 There are eight preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (55). For this reason it is proposed that these areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 11 below.

5.12.2.6 There are three preferred options for testing to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary. These areas are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that these areas are removed from the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 11 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Hailsham.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Hailsham has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that preferred eight options be considered to extend the current conservation area in eight areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which is not included in the current designated area.

There are three preferred options for testing recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary, where the current appraisal has identified areas that are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: Inclusion of 19th century extension to the town along the High Street and London Road that has not been altered by modern alterations and infilling.

112 55 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

Option 2: Inclusion of the space in front of the former forge that represents a former open square adjacent to the forge.

Option 3: Inclusion of the War Memorial on the High Street.

Option 4: Inclusion of the green verge that forms part of the entrance to the conservation area from Marshfoot Lane.

Option 5: Inclusion of the earlier 20th century shops on the edge of the conservation area at 7-9 North Street.

Option 6: Inclusion of the former cattle market along Market Street.

Option 7: Inclusion of the 19th century Baptist Chapel and former rope walk to the south of the conservation area.

Option 8: Inclusion of recreation ground, including the pavilion, Hailsham Free Church, The Manse and Southdown Villas.

Preferred Options for Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings from Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 9: Exclusion of the modern development between Market Street and Vicarage Lane.

Option 10: Exclusion of the row of shops on the east side of the High Street that have been eroded by modern alterations.

Option 11: Exclusion of land now forming part of the Tesco store on the junction of High Street and North Street

5.12.2.7 The map at Figure 11 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

113 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.12.3 Figure 11: Hailsham

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5.12.4 Alternatives Considered

5.12.4.1 Table 12 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Hailsham conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

115

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 12 Alternatives considered for Hailsham.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

HLM1 Inclusion of 19th Intact group of No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 2.1 century extension to 19th century testing is to include and would enhance the significance of the the town along the housing on the within the heritage asset. High Street and edge of the conservation area London Road that has conservation boundary. The buildings have architectural merit and not been altered by area. retain their original detailing and represent modern alterations the late 19th century expansion of the town. and infilling.

HLM2 Inclusion of the space Historical space No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.4 and 2.3. Earlier in front of the former adjacent to the testing is to include maps show that the space adjacent to the forge that represents forge. within the Old Forge was an open square, which is part a former open square conservation area of the interpretation of the Old Forge and the adjacent to the forge. boundary. reason for its location set back from the High Street.

HLM3 Inclusion of the War Important social No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 2.3. Memorial on the High landmark in the testing is to include The War Memorial is of architectural merit Street. town. within the and is of socially historic importance. It s conservation area also an important landmark in the town and boundary. part of the setting of the surrounding buildings.

HLM4 Inclusion of the green Visually No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.4.The green verge verge that forms part important green testing is to include makes an important visual contribution on Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

of the entrance to the space on the within the entering the conservation area from this conservation area edge of the conservation area historic route into the town. from Marshfoot Lane. conservation boundary. area.

HLM5 Inclusion of the earlier Intact early No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.3, and 2.1 and 20th century shops on 20th century testing is to include would enhance the significance of the the edge of the shops on the within the heritage asset. The buildings have conservation area at edge of the conservation area architectural merit and retain their original 7-9 North Street. conservation boundary. detailing and are part of the earlier 20th area. century expansion of the town.

HLM6 Inclusion of the former Important to the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.4, 2.1 and cattle market along historical testing is to include 2.3 and would enhance the significance of Market Street. development of within the the heritage asset. The cattle market was the town. conservation area extremely important to the local economy boundary. and represents the importance of the market town in the wider area. The market building has architectural merit and retains its original detailing. The listed wall around the market

has architectural merit and is visually Wealden LocalPlan important along Market Street.

HLM7 Inclusion of the 19th Historic building No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2 and century Baptist and rope walk testing is to include 2.4 would enhance the significance of the Chapel and former on the edge of within the heritage asset.The building has architectural the conservation area merit and retains its original detailing. boundary.

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rope walk to the south conservation Visually prominent at the south end of the of the conservation area. conservation area. It is also quite unusually area. in having its own graveyard.

The rope walk adjacent is also of historical significance and part of the economic development of the town with the 19th century rope making industry.

HLM8 Inclusion of recreation Visually and No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, ground, including the historically testing is to include 2.1, 2.3 and 2.4 and would enhance the pavilion, Hailsham significant within the significance of the heritage asset. Free Church, The green space conservation area Manse and and buildings. boundary. The buildings have architectural merit and Southdown Villas. retain their original detailing and represent the late 19th century expansion of the town. The recreation ground is an important open space and appears to have been provided in the later 19th century as a recreation space for workers in local industries, being the cricket ground from this period.

HLM9 Inclusion of areas of 19th century No Preferred option is The houses in these areas have undergone 19th century housing expansion of not to include within alterations and additions that have eroded extension around the the town. the conservation the character of these areas. Although some town (e.g. South area boundary. individual properties still have architectural Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

Road, Station Road, merit, as a group they do not meet the Summerheath Road) selection criteria.

HLM10 Exclusion of the Modern Yes Preferred option for This is a modern development and does not modern development development. testing is to exclude contribute to the conservation area. Does between Market from the not meet criteria 1.1, 1.2 2.2 or 2.3. Street and Vicarage conservation area Lane. boundary.

HLM11 Exclusion of the row No longer Yes Preferred option for These shops have undergone alterations of shops on the east contributes to testing is to exclude and additions that have eroded the character side of the High Street the from the of the area. Although some individual that have been conservation conservation area properties still have architectural merit, as a eroded by modern area. boundary. group they no longer meet the selection alterations. criteria or make a positive contribution to the conservation area.

HLM12 Exclusion of land now Modern Yes Preferred option for This is a modern development and does not forming part of the development. testing is to exclude contribute to the conservation area. Does Tesco store on the from the not meet criteria 1.1, 1.2 2.2 or 2.3. junction of High Street conservation area Wealden LocalPlan and North Street. boundary.

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120

Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

HLM13 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area in alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty Hailsham. consideration. reasonable on every Local Planning Authority to alternative. determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the town of Hailsham identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 11, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

HLM14 To make no changes This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and to the existing alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty conservation area consideration reasonable on every Local Planning Authority from time boundary. alternative. to time to review the past exercise of functions under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Hailsham Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden LocalPlan

121 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.13 Hartfield

5.13.1 Introduction

5.13.1.1 Hartfield Conservation Area was originally designated in 1983. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.13.1.2 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.13.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.13.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(56) has demonstrated that Hartfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(57).

5.13.2.2 The reappraisal of Hartfield conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.13.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.13.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, a number of preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.13.2.5 There are eight preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (58). For this reason it is proposed

56 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 57 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 122 58 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

that these eight areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 12 below.

5.13.2.6 There is one preferred option to exclude land and buildings from the current conservation area boundary. This area is not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant its inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that this area be removed the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 12 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Hartfield.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Hartfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in eight areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas and buildings of heritage significance, and areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which are not included in the current designated area.

There is one option recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: To include land to the south and west of The Old Chapel, incorporating the grounds to Oakley Court, and the property and curtilage of Baldwins. Including the road and roadside boundaries to the south.

Option 2: To include the road forming the southern part of the High Street from Stairs Farmhouse, and a small part of Jib Jacks Hill, along with land comprising the treed bank adjacent to the High Street between the junction with Jib Jacks Hill and Stairs Farmhouse; to include the curtilage to Stairs Farmhouse.

Option 3: To include land comprising two small areas of curtilage of Chestnut House.

Option 4:To include land to the south of Church Street and East of Southerhay House, including the pond, the field and field boundaries.

Option 5: To include the extent of the sunken trackway to the eastern end of Church - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for Street. 123 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Option 6: To include land to the east of The Grange, comprising two fields and the field boundaries; to include the modern rectory building, garden and garden boundaries.

Option 7: To extend the boundary to include the entirety of the relocated former outbuilding to Old Crown Farm including the adjacent part of access road.

Option 8: To include land and buildings on Edenbridge Road comprising: Stone House; The Chestnuts and curtilage; The Station House, former Railway Station and Goods Shed, the railway trackbed to the north and the bridge with associated embankments; the route of Edenbridge Road through this part of the village, including the steep bank and trees to the eastern side.

Preferred Options for Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings From Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 9: To alter the boundary to the east of Old Crown Farmhouse to run along the garden boundary of the property and to exclude a small area of land subject of recent development comprising car parking and a modern office building.

5.13.2.7 The map at Figure 12 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above.

124 Wealden Local Plan

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5.13.3 Figure 12: Hartfield Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

125 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.13.4 Alternatives Considered

5.13.4.1 Table 13 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Hartfield conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map.

126 Table 13 Alternatives considered for Hartfield.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Consideration part of CA(1)?

HRD1 To include land to the Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.3 and would south and west of conservation area testing is to include enhance the significance of the heritage The Old Chapel, and is part of the within the asset. incorporating the historical conservation area grounds to Oakley development of the boundary. Court, and the village. property and curtilage of Baldwins.

HRD2 To include the road Adjoins the current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 forming the southern conservation area testing is to include and 2.4. There is a strong visual part of the High and forms the within the relationship between this additional land Street from Stairs important visual conservation area and the built form within the current Farmhouse, and a backdrop to the boundary. conservation area boundary, and small part of Jib entrance into the therefore, forms a significant part of the Jacks Hill, along with High Street from the historic setting and would enhance the land comprising the south. significance of the heritage asset. treed bank adjacent

to the High Street Wealden LocalPlan between the junction with Jib Jacks Hill and Stairs Farmhouse.

HRD3 To include land Ensures that the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.3 as the land comprising a small conservation area testing is to include forms the immediate setting to built form

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area of curtilage of boundary is within the within the current conservation area Chestnut House. contiguous with the conservation area boundary and would enhance the formal garden boundary. significance of the heritage asset. boundary.

HRD4 To include land to the Archaeological No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.1, 2.3 and 2.4 south of Church research has testing is to include due to the identified significance of this Street and East of demonstrated that within the land as a former medieval area of Southerhay House, this area formerly conservation area development on the southern side of including the pond contained medieval boundary. Church Street within this area. and field boundaries. development on the Therefore, inclusion will would enhance southern side of the significance of the heritage asset. Church Street.

HRD5 To include the extent This was the original No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.1, 2.3 and of the sunken extension of Church testing is to include 2.4. This was the ancient routeway into trackway to the Street, truncated by within the the eastern side of the village, later eastern end of the creation of the conservation area truncated by the creation of the Church Street. Buckhurst Park boundary. boundary to Buckhurst Park and boundary. inclusion would enhance the significance of the heritage asset.

HRD6 To include land to the The eastern No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and east of The Grange, boundary of this area testing is to include 2.4. This land is particularly significant comprising two fields of land is formed by within the as it forms an important open setting to and the field the treed boundary conservation area The Grange, and the eastern boundary boundaries and the to Buckhurst Park. boundary. is formed by the original Buckhurst Park modern Rectory. The larger part also boundary. Inclusion will enhance the Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

forms an important overall significance of the conservation open setting to the area as a heritage asset. east of The Grange. The original open setting of The Grange to the north has been eroded by a modern housing estate.

HRD7 To alter the boundary There have been Yes and Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1 and ensures to the east of Old changes to this area No testing is to include that the traditional setting of the Crown Farmhouse to subsequent to the the relocated stone farmhouse is appropriately included in run along the garden original designation outbuilding, but to the conservation area boundary. The boundary of the of the conservation exclude the modern alternative also meets selection criteria property and to area. development from 2.3 relating to the proposed boundary exclude a small area the conservation line, removing the later modern of land subject of area boundary. development from the conservation area recent development which does not enhance the significance comprising car of the heritage asset, but ensuring the parking and a the relocated traditional outbuilding is Wealden LocalPlan modern office entirely within the boundary. building. Boundary to be expanded to include the entirety of the relocated stone outbuilding.

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HRD8 To include land and This is a 19th No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and buildings on century extension of testing is to include 1.4. This part of the village relates to Edenbridge Road development in the within the the 19th century extension of comprising: Stone village along conservation area development and uses along House; The Edenbridge Road to boundary. Edenbridge Road, and also includes the Chestnuts and the north and also planned nature of the railway station curtilage;The Station represents an and goods yard, with associated bridge House, former important chapter in and track bed,, representing the mid to Railway Station and the history of the late 19th century industrial development Goods Shed, the village with the serving the village. Also meets railway trackbed to coming of the selection criteria 2.3 relating to the the north and the railway. proposed boundary line. Inclusion bridge with would enhance the significance of the associated heritage asset. embankments; the route of Edenbridge Road through this part of the village, including the steep bank and trees to the eastern side.

HRD9 To include the land to An area of open land No Not to include and This alternative would meet selection the south and within the triangle therefore, no criteria 1.2, 1.4, 2.2 and 2.3, as this area southeast of Stairs formed by High change to the was historically enclosed by the Farmhouse, east of Street and the treed conservation area Buckhurst Park boundary to the east and the road to the west. However, it Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

the High Street, and historic boundary to boundary is does not appear to have formed part of west of the treed Buckhurst Park in recommended. the wider development of the village historic boundary to the southern part of historically and therefore, would not Buckhurst Park. the village. There is enhance the significance of the heritage some evidence of asset. In this instance, this alternative isolated historic would not meet selection criteria 2.4 as development in this the site does not form an integral part area on the 1597 of the setting of the village due to the map. lack of intervisibility with the wider conservation area due to the substantial treed boundaries. There has also been erosion of the character of this space through the introduction of visually prominent modern agricultural buildings. Therefore, in this instance, inclusion of this land is not considered appropriate and would not enhance the significance of the heritage asset.

HRD10 To include the Probably dates from No Not to include and This alternative would meet selection scheduled monument the 12th century and therefore, no criteria 1.2, but it would not meet Wealden LocalPlan comprising the is part of the historic change to selection criteria 2.4 as the site no remains of the motte development of the boundary of the longer forms an integral part of the mound, to the north landscape at the conservation area setting of the village due to the intrusion of Castle Fields northern end of the is recommended. of the modern housing estate. Due to village. the lack of intervisibility between the motte mound and the village,inclusion

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would not enhance the significance of the conservation area. The significance of the motte mound as a heritage asset has been recognised as it is a designated Scheduled Monument.

HRD11 To include the field to Remaining area of No Not a reasonable This field does not make an important the north of the open land adjacent alternative - no visual contribution to the character of Grave Yard and east to the Graveyard and change to the the area; and does not appear to form of the village green. village green boundary of the a part of a pattern of historic land uses. conservation area Therefore, it does not meet the criteria is recommended. set out above and is not a reasonable alternative and would not enhance the significance of the heritage asset.

HRD12 To include land to the Remaining area of No Not a reasonable This field does not make an important east of No. 1-4 open land adjacent alternative - no visual contribution to the character of Rectory Field. to the prominent change to the the area; and does not appear to form treed boundary boundary of the a part of a pattern of historic land uses. along the south conservation area Therefore, it does not meet the selection eastern side of the is recommended. criteria set out above and is not a village. reasonable alternative and would not enhance the significance of the heritage asset.

HRD13 To include Robin Built form is shown No Preferred option is Although buildings are shown in this Lane Cottage and in this location on the not to include and location on the 16th century map, and Castle Farm House. therefore, no it could be argued that this alternative Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

1597 map of change to would meet criteria 1.2 above, it would Buckhurst Park. boundary of the not meet criteria 2.4 as the buildings no conservation area longer form an integral part of the is recommended. setting of the village due to the intrusion of the modern housing. Due to the lack of intervisibility with the conservation area, inclusion would not enhance the significance of the heritage asset.

HRD14 Not to have a This is an alternative Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area in for consideration. This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a Hartfield. reasonable duty on every Local Planning Authority alternative. to determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Hartfield identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown Wealden LocalPlan on the accompanying map at Figure12, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

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HRD15 To make no changes This is an alternative Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and to the existing for consideration and This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a conservation area Hartfield Parish reasonable duty on every Local Planning Authority boundary. Council recommend alternative. from time to time to review the past no changes be made exercise of functions under section 69 to the conservation and to determine whether any parts or area. any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Hartfield Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden LocalPlan

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Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.14 Hellingly

5.14.1 Introduction

5.14.1.1 Hellingly is a small village situated approximately 2 miles to the north of Hailsham town centre to the east of the A267 road. The historic core of the village is centred around the church of St. Peter and St. Paul, with some dispersed settlement in the surrounding landscape. Development around the church and in the landscape is located on the slightly elevated ground that is surrounded by the flood plains of the Bull River and Cuckmere River. Little modern development and change has taken place within the historic core.The current designated conservation area boundary includes the historic core of the village around the church.

5.14.1.2 Hellingly Conservation Area was originally designated in 1977. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.14.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.14.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.14.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(59) has demonstrated that Hellingly has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(60).

5.14.2.2 The reappraisal of Hellingly conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.14.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.14.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

59 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 136 60 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

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5.14.2.5 There are six preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (61). For this reason it is proposed that these areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 13 below.

5.14.2.6 There are no identified options to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Hellingly.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Hellingly has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in six areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which are not included in the current designated area.

There are no options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: Inclusion of land to the south of the village core between the Cuckmere river and Bull river.

Option 2: Inclusion of the land to the north and east of the village core to the Cuckmere river and Vicarage Lane.

Option 3: Inclusion of the buildings along Mill Lane and Vicarage Lane (The Old Watermill and cottage, Stonehurst Barn and Vicarage Cottage).

Option 4: Inclusion of the former Vicarage (now Hill Harbour). Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

61 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Option 5: Inclusion of the land to the west of the village core up to the Bull river.

Option 6: Inclusion of Broad Farm and Broad Field to the west of the village core.

5.14.2.7 The map at Figure 13 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above.

138 Wealden Local Plan

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5.14.3 Figure 13: Hellingly Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

139 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.14.4 Alternatives Considered

5.14.4.1 Table 14 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Hellingly conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map.

140 Table 14 Alternatives considered for Hellingly

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Consideration part of CA(1)?

HLY1 Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.1, 2.2 and 2.4. historic and testing is to include Represents the historic and topographical topographical within the boundary of the village and visually Inclusion of land boundary between conservation area significant as the fields and river represent to the south of the village and boundary. the flood plain that has restricted the historic the village core Horselunges Manor development of the village. Also appears to between the and visually be the boundary between the village and Cuckmere river significant. The Horselunges Manor. and Bull river. Parish Council also suggested inclusion of this area.

HLY2 Inclusion of the Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.1 and 2.4. land to the north historic and testing is to include Represents the historic and topographical and east of the topographical within the boundary of the village and visually village core to boundary of the conservation area significant as the fields and river represent the Cuckmere village and visually boundary. the flood plain that has restricted the historic river and significant. The development of the village.

Vicarage Lane. Parish Council also Wealden LocalPlan suggested inclusion of this area.

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HLY3 Inclusion of the Part of the historic No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.3 and 2.3. buildings along development of the testing is to include Historic properties linked to the village core Mill Lane and village. The Parish within the and set on slightly elevated land on the Vicarage Lane Council also conservation area periphery of the village above the floodplain (The Old suggested inclusion boundary. of the river Cuckmere. Good inter-visibility Watermill and of this area. between the village core and the buildings cottage, across the adjoining fields due to the flat Stonehurst Barn open land. and Vicarage Cottage).

HLY4 Inclusion on the The former Vicarage, No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2 and 2.1. former Vicarage listed as 18th testing is to include Historic property listed as 18th century.The (now Hill century. The Parish within the house was historically used as the Vicarage Harbour). Council also conservation area and so is an important building and integral suggested inclusion boundary. part in the history and development of the of this area. village.

HLY5 Inclusion of the Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.1 and 2.4. land to the west historic and testing is to include Represents the historic and topographical of the village topographical within the boundary of the village and visually core up to the boundary of the conservation area significant as the fields and river represent Bull river. village and visually boundary. the flood plain that has restricted the historic significant. The development of the village. Parish Council also suggested inclusion of this area. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

HLY6 Inclusion of Historic property on No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, Broad Farm and the edge of the testing is to include 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4. Historic property that Broad Field to village with land within the appears to have been historically linked to the west of the extending towards conservation area the village core and land owned by the village core. the village core and boundary. house extends up to the village. Also related and visually land ownership between the Broad Estate significant. and Hellingly Manor, with both being owned by the Calverley family from the 17th century before passing to the Warnford family and being conveyed to the Radcliffe Lunatic Asylum (later the Warneford Asylum). Good inter-visibility between the village core and the house across the adjoining fields due to the flat open land.

HLY7 Inclusion of Historic property and No Preferred option is Although the house and grounds meet the Horselunges outlying properties on not to include and selection criteria in terms of the merit of the moated manor the edge of the therefore, no built form (1.1) and is an historic property house, village. The Parish change to and grounds (2.2), the property appears to Horselunges Council also boundary of the have historically been, and continues to be, Cottage and suggested inclusion conservation area detached from the village and so does not Wealden LocalPlan Lunge Haven. of this area. is recommended. have a direct relationship with the village (1.2, 2.3, 2.4) or visual presence (1.3). The land associated with the manor extends south east towards Horsebridge and seems to have been quite separate from the village. The house is grade I listed, which is a more

143 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

144

Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

appropriate means of protection and management in this instance.

HLY8 Inclusion of Former 19th century No Preferred option is The station building and track bed is Station House railway station to the not to include and detached from the village and does not and the former south east of the therefore, no demonstrate a significant relationship with track bed of the village and change to the village (1.2, 2.3, 2.4) or visual presence railway, now the associated track bed boundary of the (1.3). Development associated with the Cuckoo Trail. of the former railway conservation area railway has not occurred in the village, but line. The Parish is recommended. has located further to the east of the station Council also and so there is no continuation of suggested inclusion development between the station and the of this area. village (1.2, 2.3).

HLY9 Not to have a This is an alternative Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation for consideration. This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty area in Hellingly. reasonable on every Local Planning Authority to alternative. determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Hellingly identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 13, meet the Selection of Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

HLY10 To make no This is an alternative Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and changes to the for consideration This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty existing reasonable on every Local Planning Authority from time conservation alternative. to time to review the past exercise of area boundary. functions under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special Wealden LocalPlan interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Hellingly Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has

145 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.15 Maresfield

5.15.1 Introduction

5.15.1.1 Maresfield lies within the southern part of the High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, to the north of Uckfield, and developed around an important road junction, later part of the London to south coast turnpike road, and around the 13th century St. Bartholomew's Church. The earliest surviving domestic buildings date from the 14th century and there is also a significant group of 16th century buildings on the High Street. Later 18th and 19th century development occurred within the core of the village, and within Underhill. There is little 20th century development within the village centre, with modern development generally located to the north in Maresfield Park, and to the west along Batts Bridge Road.

5.15.1.2 Maresfield Conservation Area was originally designated in 1992. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.15.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.15.2 Recommendations and Preferred Options for Testing

5.15.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(62) has demonstrated that Maresfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(63).

5.15.2.2 The reappraisal of Maresfield conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.15.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.15.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, a number of preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to

ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future. - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

62 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 63 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 147 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.15.2.5 There are five preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (64). For this reason it is proposed that these five areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 14 below.

5.15.2.6 There is one preferred option for testing to exclude land and buildings from the current conservation area boundary. This area is not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant its inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that this area be removed the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 14 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Maresfield.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Maresfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in five areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas and buildings of heritage significance, and areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which are not included in the current designated area.

There is one option recommended for exclusion of a small part of the existing conservation area, where modern development has resulted in the erosion and loss of the character of the area, which would no longer warrant inclusion in the designated area.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: To include land to the south of the Church, Parkview and Brent House, and west of Park Farm Lane, including the open field, Park Farm Cottage, Selhurst and Park Farm Close.

Option 2:To include land to the south of the recreation ground and east of Park Farm.

148 64 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

Option 3: To include land comprising the Park Farm historic farmstead.

Option 4: To include the three dwellings (Pursers Place, Whitegates and Hunters Moon) and associated residential curtilages and access to the east of the Recreation Ground.

Option 5: To include land to the north of Shelley Villas and Mount Pleasant, and part of Underhill Lane and roadside trees and hedges.

Preferred Option for Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings From Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 6: To exclude land and buildings to the immediate west of Tudor Cottage, Bix Cottage and Tumber House.

5.15.2.7 The map at Figure 14 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

149 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.15.3 Figure 14: Maresfield

150 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.15.4 Alternatives Considered

5.15.4.1 Table 15 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Maresfield conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing shown on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

151

152

Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 15 Alternatives considered for Maresfield.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

MRD1 To include land to Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.3 and 2.4 and the south of the conservation area, is testing is to include would enhance the significance of the Church, Parkview part of the historical within the heritage asset. The area of field identified and Brent House, development of the conservation area to the south of Parkview and Brent House and west of Park village and forms an boundary. forms the important setting to these Farm Lane, important integral buildings, reinforced by the existence of the including the setting to buildings ha-ha wall on the boundary of the curtilages open field, Park within the with the field, the role of which was to Farm Cottage, conservation area. maintain open and uninterrupted views Selhurst and Park Also suggested by across the adjacent landscape. The Farm Close. Maresfield residential development in this area, located Conservation Group on the northern side of the track to Park and Maresfield Farm, represents different phases of Parish Council. development in the 20th and 21st century and do not detract from the overall character and significance of this part of Maresfield.

MRD2 To include land to Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.3 and 2.4 and the south of the conservation area testing is to include would enhance the significance of the recreation ground and is an integral within the heritage asset. This area represents an and east of Park part of the setting to conservation area important visual landscape setting to the Farm. the village and Park boundary. recreation ground and to Park Farm and Farm. Also reinforces the significance and importance suggested by of the panoramic views across to the South Maresfield Downs National Park, which allows the Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

Conservation Group interpretation of the location of the and Maresfield settlement in this hilltop location in the High Parish Council. Weald.

MRD3 To include land This are is an No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, comprising the important part of the testing is to include 2.2 and 2.3 and would enhance the Park Farm historical within the significance of the heritage asset. This area historic development of the conservation area represents an important edge of settlement farmstead. village and boundary. historic farmstead. landscape setting. Also suggested by Maresfield Conservation Group and Maresfield Parish Council.

MRD4 To include the Adjoin current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 2.2 three dwellings conservation area testing is to include and 2.3 and would enhance the significance (Pursers Place, and are part of the within the of the heritage asset. Whitegates and historical conservation area

Hunters Moon) development of the boundary. Wealden LocalPlan and associated village. residential curtilages and access to the east of the Recreation Ground.

153 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

154

Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

MRD5 To include land to Adjoins current No Preferred option for This small area is an important immediate the north of conservation area testing is to include setting to the entrance into the historic core Shelley Villas and and forms an within the of the village, as well as to the the buildings Mount Pleasant, important setting to conservation area at Mount Pleasant. Therefore, the area and part of development in this boundary. meets selection criteria 2.3. Underhill Lane part of the village. and roadside trees and hedges.

MRD6 To exclude land This land Yes Preferred option for Modern development has occurred within and buildings to incorporates modern testing is to exclude this part of the conservation area which the immediate development. from the does not meet the Selection of Area west of Tudor conservation area criteria. Therefore, the area does not Cottage, Bix boundary. warrant continued inclusion within the Cottage and conservation area boundary. Tumber House.

MRD7 To include Maresfield Parish No Preferred option is Although the area is part of the Maresfield Park Council have not to include within development of the settlement at to the north of the requested the conservation Maresfield, incorporating the boundaries of designated consideration of the area boundary. the former Maresfield Park, this area would conservation inclusion of the not warrant inclusion within the area. historic boundary of conservation area as it would not meet the Maresfield Park as Selection of Area criteria 1.1, 1.3 and 1.4. an extension of the The majority of the historic buildings within current Conservation Maresfield Park were demolished in the Area to the north. early 20th century and the remaining parkland has been developed from this Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

period through to the 21st century with modern housing. Therefore, the historic significance of this area of landscape on the edge of the village has been seriously eroded. Maresfield Park Lodge however, at the entrance to Maresfield Park, retains visual, architectural and historical interest and is integral in the streetscene, and therefore, warrants retention within the conservation area boundary.

MRD8 To include the The school would No Preferred option is Although the primary school is part of the primary school abut the option to not to include within 19th century development of the village, it extend the the conservation is visually detached from the village core conservation area to area boundary. and historic development. There has also the east of the been modern infill development between recreation ground. the school and the later cemetery on the northern side of the road. There has been significant and prominent modern extension to the side and rear of the original school building. In this particular instance, the 19th Wealden LocalPlan century school does not meet the Selection criteria and therefore, does not warrant inclusion within the conservation area boundary.

155 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

MRD9 Not to have a This is an alternative Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area for consideration. This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty in Maresfield. reasonable on every Local Planning Authority to alternative. determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Maresfield identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 14, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

MRD10 To make no This is an alternative Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and changes to the for consideration This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty existing reasonable on every Local Planning Authority from time conservation area alternative. to time to review the past exercise of boundary. functions under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Maresfield Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) Wealden LocalPlan 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2)

157 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.16 Mayfield

5.16.1 Introduction

5.16.1.1 Mayfield is a village within the High Weald built upon a high ridge above the A267. The historic core of the village is centred around the Church of St. Dunstan and the former Bishop's Palace and extends along the High Street built along the ridge, continuing eastwards along Fletching Street. Due to its elevated position the church is highly visible in the surrounding landscape. Most of the modern development in the village has occurred outside the historic core on the peripheries of the village. The current designated conservation area boundary includes the historic extent of the village around the church Bishop's Palace, High Street, Fletching Street and South Street.

5.16.1.2 Mayfield Conservation Area was originally designated in 1969. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.16.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.16.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.16.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(65) has demonstrated that Mayfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(66).

5.16.2.2 The reappraisal of Mayfield conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.16.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.16.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

65 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 158 66 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.16.2.5 There are eight preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (67). For this reason it is proposed that these areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 15 below.

5.16.2.6 There are two preferred options for testing to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.These areas are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that these areas are removed from the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 15 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Mayfield.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Mayfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that eight options be considered to extend the current conservation area in eight areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which is not included in the current designated area.

There are two options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary, where the current appraisal has identified areas that are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: Inclusion of 19th century extension to the village at the east end of Fletching Street. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

67 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 159 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Option 2: Inclusion of the former Rectory to St. Dunstan's Church (now called Herons Folly).

Option 3: Inclusion of the King George's Field recreation ground to the east of the village.

Option 4: Inclusion of the timber-framed barn (The Old Barn) and the garden to rear of Yew Tree Farm House to the east of the village that is currently bisected by the conservation area boundary.

Option 5: Boundary alteration to include the buildings and land to the north of the former Bishop's Palace that are currently bisected by the conservation area boundary.

Option 6: Inclusion of Longmeadow to the south of Vale Road adjoining the southern boundary of the conservation area.

160 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

Option 7: Inclusion of late 19th century extension to the village along Station Road and the former railway station.

Option 8: Inclusion of earlier 20th century extension along West Street and St. Mary's in the Field to the south and west of the conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options for Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings from Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 9: Exclusion of the modern houses between South Street and Brewers Grove on the southern edge of the conservation area.

Option 10: Exclusion of the car park, modern development and field on the southern edge of the conservation area.

5.16.2.7 The map at Figure 15 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

161 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

162 5.16.3 Figure 15: Mayfield Mill House 2

© Crown copyright and database rights 2015 Ordnance Survey 100018692. 3 Issues Hopes

You are permitted to use this data solely to enable you to respond to, or interact with,High the organisation that provided you with the data. You are not permitted to copy, sub-licence, distribute or sell any of this data to third parties in any form. Pens Pond Weald Cottage Meadow Fair Pond Wellbrook Cottage Hill Cottage Court Farm Meadow Fair

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Cottage Hotel Longmeadow House Middle Virginia

Cottage LB

Tennis Court

Mount 141.6m GP The Car Park House Tree Walnut

Croft

The Becketts Sta Sub El

125.6m Allotment

Folly

Gardens Dollis

Trodgers Way PC Highlands

Court Downalong Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations Hoopers Old Court Cottage Cottage Glen

142.5m Cardswell Hooper's

1 to 8 Maplehurst Pippins Farm Hillside Strowan Station

Garage

Fire Maygarth Meadow Court 11

Chetwyn THE

Pedlars Cottage El Sub Sta

AVENUE Atherden Meadow View

142.9m

Yeomans Cottage

Cottage Vine

SUNNYBANK CL Tel Ex Pavilion Hoopers Farm

Cottage Poundhill

Kerris Cott ! to 4

Cottage Meriden Bowling

Green

Way Abbots Mayfield

Robin Hill Youth Club Primary Hall School C of E Highclere 10

FLETCHING STREET Southbourne Charity Hazard Cott The

Memorial Hall Track Little Mead Mayfield Walsingham Strathbourne

132.8m Charity Cott Play Area Steps

Maynards

House

2 Path (um) Path Longs Farm Fire Station The Old

Path (um House Pound Hill King George's Field (Recreation Ground)

) Cottage Magnolia 3 Versyns

Hoose

Farm Wee The Path (um) Path The Carpenters Arms Versyns Cottage Farm Pratts Cnr

(PH)

Place

Flower

Path

Irvings

Cottage

Rock Cott Rock Courtney Cott Courtney

2

Pound End Pound 1 Nevassa 119.9m Path (um

1

) 2 Cotts

Dove Wheelwrights

Bluebell Cottage

Cottage

Sunnybank FLETCHING S

Fletching Cott Hopton Cott Toll Bough Cott

Cats

Bells

Springrose Cott Springrose Cottage

TREET Cornfield

Little Spring Cott Spring Little

1

Cotts Renby

Orchard 1

September

2

Ringmore 3 Cott

Wisteria

House Issues Orchard Forge Cott

New Oaks Cottage

Yew Tree Little May Heron's Folly The Oast & Crown Rose (PH) Coach House Mews 113.4m

Legend 1 to 4 LB GP TCB Lodge The 9-11

Cottage Tippin 1-8

Farm House Yew Tree Pond West View 4 1 Yew Tree The Warren The Bake 1 Vila

House 4 Bakery

Spinney Challon

Spring Lodge

Little Warren The

The Old Barn Old The 5 Elizabethan Terrace House Warren Rockmead

Old Cotts Path (um) Path Sub Sta Warren

Hollis

House

Pelham El Head Options to exclude Options to include Proposed CA boundary Existing Conservation Area Cottage

Pond Brides Glebe Coach House

The Path (um) Path Linden St

PIPERS YARD PIPERS Kimmeridge ALEXANDRA ROAD

2

Cottage

Tree Glebeland Yew 1

Dunscoombe

Pipers Yard Pipers

Myrtle Cott Myrtle

The Mayfield 5 Bella Vista Bella

Press House 3

8

Pond 4 Alexandra Terrace

1 Briars 6 1 Pipers Croft Hill Wish Fingal

Place Winterbourne

3

Sunnybrae 4 High Brunner Silvermere

Fingal House Brambletye

The Wealden Local Plan 1 Old Orchard Gillan

1 Waiwhare Old Sandalls South View Spring Villas

1

26

2 Overdale Mayflower House Tate House Woodstock

Tanners Oak Myrtles

Robin Hill Downlands 7

Little Combe 2 1 Meads

Sunbank CROFT DUNSTANS Gorsebrook Pond Lowman Little

1

Whiteways Septic Tank Kuneger 19 108.2m 2 Cherry Trees

Red Tiles

EAST STREET EAST

3

13

Alta Lodge Cottage

4 Cottage Sandy Marandahn Weald

Furzy Field SOUTHMEAD CLOSE SOUTHMEAD 5

Robinia

52 51 Piccadily Farm Concordia Thorndene Hey House

Meadowview

56

55 50 111.6m Sandleford Hawthorns Warren House May House Southerland Nevern THE WARREN Sta Sub El Berry

Barn

62

61

64

11

Windrush THE WARREN THE 163 5 Recommendations and Options - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options - Existing Areas

164 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.16.4 Alternatives Considered

5.16.4.1 Table 16 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Mayfield conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred options for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing and on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

165

166

Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 16 Alternatives considered for Mayfield.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

MYD1 Inclusion of 19th Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and century extension to historic and testing is to include 2.1 and would enhance the significance the village at the east topographical within the of the heritage asset. end of Fletching boundary of the conservation area Street. village and visually boundary. The buildings have architectural merit and significant. retain their original detailing and represent Nominated by the the late 19th century expansion of the Mayfield Parish village. Council and Society.

MYD2 Inclusion of the Former rectory and No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.4, 2.1 former Rectory to St. part of the historic testing is to include and 2.2. Historic property designed in Dunstan's Church development of the within the 1811 by Edward Lapidge for Rev. John (now called Herons village. Nominated conservation area Kirby. On site of an earlier vicarage shown Folly). by the Mayfield boundary. on an 18th century map. The house was Parish Council and historically used as the Vicarage and so Mayfield and Five is an important building and integral part Ashes Society. in the history and development of the village. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

MYD3 Inclusion of the King Recreation ground No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.2, 1.4, 2.1, 2.3 George's Field forming part of the testing is to include and 2.4. The recreation ground is part of recreation ground to village. Nominated within the the historical development of the village the east of the by the Mayfield conservation area and is an important open space between village. Parish Council and boundary. the village core and the former vicarage Mayfield and Five house. The ground has historically been Ashes Society. open space and appears to have been part of the vicarage land prior to becoming the recreation ground in the mid-20th century.

MYD4 Inclusion of the Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1 and 2.1 and timber-framed barn historic and testing is to include 2.2. Historic property on the edge of the (Old Barn) and the topographical within the village and clarifies the location of the garden to Yew Tree boundary of the conservation area conservation area boundary where the Farm to the east of village and visually boundary. property boundary is currently bisected the village that is significant. by the conservation area boundary. currently bisected by the conservation area boundary. Wealden LocalPlan MYD5 Boundary alteration Conservation area No Preferred option for Clarifies the location of the conservation to include the boundary currently testing is to include area boundary where the properties and buildings and land to extends through within the boundaries are currently bisected by the the north of the the buildings. conservation area conservation area boundary. former Bishop's boundary. Palace that are currently bisected by

167 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

168

Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

the conservation area boundary.

MYD6 Inclusion of Historic property No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 2.1 and 2.2. Longmeadow and outlying testing is to include The building has architectural and historic adjoining the properties on the within the merit and is an historic property on the southern boundary of edge of the village. conservation area edge of the historic village. the conservation boundary. area.

MYD7 Inclusion of late 19th Late 19th-early No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1 century extension to 20th century testing is to include and 2.3 and would enhance the the village along housing and former within the significance of the heritage asset. The Station Road and the 19th century conservation area houses and station building are of historic former railway railway station to boundary. and architectural significance and retain station. the south east of their original detailing and are good the village. examples of individually designed high quality buildings that represent the late 19th-early 20th century expansion of the village with the arrival of the railway. The buildings represent the historic extent of the village and link the station building to the historic core, demonstrating a contiguous relationship with the village and visual presence on the approach to the High Street from the west. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

MYD8 Inclusion of earlier No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1 20th century testing is to include and 2.3 and would enhance the extension along within the significance of the heritage asset. The West Street and St. conservation area earlier 20th century houses along West Mary's in the Field to boundary. Street are of historic and architectural the south and west significance and demonstrate a of the conservation contiguous relationship with the village. area boundary. Some of the buildings along West Street are earlier and are shown on the Tithe map and early OS maps, representing historical development in this area. St. Mary's in the Field is of historic importance, formed as an orphanage by nuns in the 1920s and surviving relatively intact.

MYD9 Exclusion of the Does not form part Yes Preferred option for This is a modern development and does modern houses of the historic testing is to exclude not contribute to the conservation area. between South settlement or from the Does not meet criteria 1.1, 1.2 2.2 or 2.3. Street and Brewers contribute to the conservation area Grove on the conservation area. boundary. Wealden LocalPlan southern edge of the conservation area

MYD10 Exclusion of the car Does not form part Yes Preferred option for This is a modern development and does park, modern of the historic testing is to exclude not contribute to the conservation area. development and settlement or from the Does not meet criteria 1.1, 1.2 2.2 or 2.3.

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

field on the southern contribute to the conservation area edge of the conservation area. boundary. conservation area.

MYD11 Exclusion of the Does not form part Yes Preferred option for This is a modern development and does telephone exchange of the historic testing is to exclude not contribute to the conservation area. adjacent to the settlement or from the Does not meet criteria 1.1, 1.2 2.2 or 2.3. recreation ground. contribute to the conservation area conservation area. boundary.

MYD12 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area in alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a Mayfield. consideration. reasonable duty on every Local Planning Authority to alternative. determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Mayfield identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 15, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

MYD13 To make no changes This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and to the existing alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a conservation area consideration reasonable duty on every Local Planning Authority boundary. alternative. from time to time to review the past exercise of functions under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should

be designated, or alternatively whether Wealden LocalPlan parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Mayfield Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with

171 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.17 Old Heathfield

5.17.1 Introduction

5.17.1.1 Old Heathfield is a village within the High Weald to the south eat of the main town of Heathfield. The historic core of the village is centred around All Saints' Church, with some linear development along School Hill. There has been some 20th century development within the village, but this is relatively small scale. The current designated conservation area boundary includes the historic extent of the village around the All Saints' Church and extending north along School Hill.

5.17.1.2 Old Heathfield Conservation Area was originally designated in 1979. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary. The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.17.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.17.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.17.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(68) has demonstrated that Old Heathfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(69).

5.17.2.2 The reappraisal of Old Heathfield conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.17.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.17.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.17.2.5 There are two preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of

68 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 69 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 173 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (70). For this reason it is proposed that these area be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 16 below.

5.17.2.6 There are two preferred options for testing to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.These areas are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that these areas are removed from the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 16 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Old Heathfield.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Old Heathfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in nine areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which is not included in the current designated area.

There are two options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary, where the current appraisal has identified areas that are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: Inclusion of the former Vicarage (Old Vicarage and Clare Cottage) and Parsonage Farm to the east of School Hill.

Option 2: Slight boundary change to include the treed bank on the south western edge of the conservation area.

174 70 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

Preferred Options for Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings From Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 3: Slight boundary change to exclude the modern building on the southern edge of the conservation area.

Option 4: Slight boundary change to exclude the land outside the village core on the northern edge of the conservation area.

5.17.2.7 The map at Figure 16 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

175 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.17.3 Figure 16: Old Heathfield

176 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.17.4 Alternatives Considered

5.17.4.1 Table 17 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Old Heathfield conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

177

178

Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 17 Alternatives considered for Old Heathfield.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

OHD1 The former No Preferred option for Meets criteria 1.1, 1.2 and 2.1. Historic Vicarage, listed as testing is to include properties listed as 18th century. The house Inclusion of the 18th century. within the was historically used as the Vicarage and is former Vicarage Inclusion of the conservation area listed as 18th century. The Parsonage Farm (Old Vicarage former Vicarage boundary. adjacent (Manor Farm) is listed as 15th century and Clare and Manor Farm with barn adjacent. The buildings are an Cottage) and (now Parsonage integral part in the history and development of Parsonage Farm) is also the village. Farm to the east suggested by the of School Hill. Old Heathfield and Cade Street Society.

OHD2 Slight boundary Represents the No Preferred option for Meets criteria 2.1 and 2.4. Represents the change to boundary of the testing is to include boundary of the village and visually significant include the treed village and visually within the as the treed entranceway to the village along bank on the significant. conservation area this historic route. south western boundary. edge of the conservation area. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

OHD3 Slight boundary Not part of the Yes Preferred option for Modern building located on the edge of the change to historic testing is to exclude conservation area that is not historically exclude the development of the from the significant (1.1) and does not make a visual modern building village. conservation area contribution to the conservation area (1.3). on the southern boundary. edge of the conservation area.

OHD4 Slight boundary Not part of the Yes Preferred option for This land is not part of the historic core (2.1) change to historic core of the testing is to exclude and does not make an important visual exclude the land village. from the contribution as it is dominated by the entrance outside the conservation area to The Glen (1.3). village core on boundary. the northern edge of the conservation area.

OHD5 Inclusion of The Late 19th century No Preferred option is Although the house is an historic property and

Glen. property on the not to include and grounds (2.2), the property appears to have Wealden LocalPlan edge of the village therefore, no change historically been, and continues to be, detached and inclusion was to boundary of the from the village and so does not have a direct also suggested by conservation area is relationship with the village (1.2, 2.3, 2.4) or the Old Heathfield recommended. visual presence (1.3). and Cade Street Society.

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

OHD6 Inclusion of Suggested by the No Preferred option is Although the house meets the selection criteria Glenfield Old Heathfield and not to include and in terms of the merit of the built form (1.1), the Cottage. Cade Street therefore, no change property appears to have historically been, and Society. to boundary of the continues to be, detached from the village as conservation area is an outlying building on the road between Old recommended. Heathfield and Cade Street. It therefore does not meet the selection criteria for the boundary to be extended as it does not have a direct relationship with the village (1.2, 2.3, 2.4) or visual presence (1.3).

OHD7 Inclusion of Suggested by the No Preferred option is Although the house meets the selection criteria Heathfield Old Heathfield and not to include and in terms of the merit of the built form (1.1) and House. Cade Street therefore, no change is an historic property and grounds (2.2), the Society. to boundary of the property appears to have historically been, and conservation area is continues to be, detached from the village along recommended. its own private treed-lined avenue away from the historic core. As such, it does not have a direct relationship with the village (1.2, 2.3, 2.4) or visual presence (1.3) and so does not meet the selection criteria.

OHD8 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty area in Old consideration. reasonable on every Local Planning Authority to determine Heathfield. alternative. which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Old Heathfield identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 16, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

OHD9 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and changes to the alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty existing consideration reasonable on every Local Planning Authority from time to conservation alternative. time to review the past exercise of functions area boundary. under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12,

para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities Wealden LocalPlan to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or

181 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

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alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Old Heathfield Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.18 Pevensey and Westham

5.18.1 Introduction

5.18.1.1 Pevensey and Westham are villages within an area of reclaimed marshland on the Pevensey Levels. The settlements are located to the east and west of Pevensey Castle along the respective village High Streets that used to extend through the castle and now diverts around the northern wall of the castle. Pevensey is centred around the Church of St. Nicholas and Westham is centred around St. Mary's Church. Most of the modern development in the villages has occurred outside the historic core on the eastern and western peripheries of the villages.The current designated conservation area boundary includes the historic extent of the villages around the churches of St. Nicholas and St. Mary Bishop's, with Pevensey Castle at the core.

5.18.1.2 Pevensey and Westham Conservation Area was originally designated in 1976. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.18.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.18.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.18.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(71) has demonstrated that Pevensey and Westham has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(72).

5.18.2.2 The reappraisal of Pevensey and Westham conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.18.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

71 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 72 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 183 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.18.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.18.2.5 There are six preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (73). For this reason it is proposed that these area be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 17 below.

5.18.2.6 There are no identified options to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Pevensey and Westham.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Pevensey and Westham has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in six areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which is not included in the current designated area.

There are no options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: Inclusion of the churchyard extension to the south east of St. Mary's Church.

Option 2: Inclusion of the land to the immediate south of Pevensey Castle up to and including the drain.

Option 3: Inclusion of the land to the south of St. Nicholas's Church and the Vicarage.

184 73 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

Option 4: Inclusion of the land to the rear of The Gables, Priory Court Hotel, the Minthouse and Castle Terrace up to and including the drain.

Option 5: Inclusion of the land and properties to the north of Pevensey Castle up to and including the drain.

Option 6: Inclusion of the land to the north west of Pevensey Castle historically used as a holding pen for animals.

5.18.2.7 The map at Figure 17 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

185 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.18.3 Figure 17: Pevensey and Westham

186 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.18.4 Alternatives Considered

5.18.4.1 Table 18 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Pevensey and Westham conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred options for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

187

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 18 Alternatives considered for Pevensey and Westham.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

PYW1 Churchyard to St. No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.2, 2.3 and 2.4. The Mary's Church and testing is to include churchyard represents the extension of St. Inclusion of the important land within the Mary's churchyard and may have had churchyard connecting the conservation area previous historical uses, being close to the extension to the church and boundary. church and Castle walls within the drainage south east of St. Pevensey Castle. ditch. Visually significant for the intervisibility Mary's Church. between the Castle and St. Mary's Church. The immediate setting to the Castle walls.

PYW2 Inclusion of the Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4. land to the historic and testing is to include The land and drainage ditch represents the immediate south topographical within the likely historic and topographical boundary of of Pevensey boundary of the conservation area the village. Visually significant for the Castle up to and village and setting boundary. intervisibility between the Castle and St. including the to Pevensey Mary's Church. The immediate setting to the drain. Castle. Castle walls. Archaeologically significant as undisturbed land with archaeological potential for medieval or earlier settlement evidence and possible early channel for ships navigating to Castle.

PYW3 Inclusion of the Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.2, 2.1, 2.2 and 2.4. land to the south historic and testing is to include The land and drainage ditch represents the of St. Nicholas's topographical within the likely historic and topographical boundary of Church and the boundary of the conservation area the village. Archaeologically significant as Vicarage. village and boundary. undisturbed land with archaeological potential Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

archaeologically for medieval or earlier settlement evidence significant. (medieval buildings, pits and roads recorded).

PYW4 Inclusion of the Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.1, 2.2 and 2.4. The land to the rear of historic and testing is to include land and drainage ditch represents the likely The Gables, Priory topographical within the historic and topographical boundary of the Court Hotel, the boundary of the conservation area village. Archaeologically significant as Minthouse and village and boundary. undisturbed land with archaeological potential Castle Terrace up archaeologically for medieval or earlier settlement evidence to and including significant. within the drainage ditch. the drain.

PYW5 Inclusion of the Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4. land and historic and testing is to include The land and drainage ditch represents the properties to the topographical within the likely historic and topographical boundary of north of Pevensey boundary of the conservation area the village. Setting to the Castle walls. Castle up to and village, setting to boundary. Archaeologically significant as undisturbed including the the Castle and land with archaeological potential for medieval drain. archaeologically or earlier settlement evidence within the significant. drainage ditch. Wealden LocalPlan PYW6 Inclusion of the Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4. land to the north historic and testing is to include The land and drainage ditch represents the west of Pevensey topographical within the likely historic and topographical boundary of Castle historically boundary of the conservation area the village and was used as a holding pen for used as a holding village, setting to boundary. animals. Setting to the Castle walls. pen for animals. the Castle and Archaeologically significant as undisturbed land with archaeological potential for medieval

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archaeologically or earlier settlement evidence within the significant. drainage ditch.

PYW7 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty in Pevensey and consideration. reasonable on every Local Planning Authority to Westham. alternative. determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the villages of Pevensey and Westham identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 17, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

PYW8 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and changes to the alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty existing consideration reasonable on every Local Planning Authority from time conservation area alternative. to time to review the past exercise of functions boundary. under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Pevensey and Westham Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria. Wealden LocalPlan 1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2)

191 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.19 Ripe

5.19.1 Introduction

5.19.1.1 Ripe is located in the Low Weald Countryside to the west of the village of Chalvington. The village has developed around two specific historic cores, one around the crossroads in the centre of the village, and the second around Eckington Corner to the east. This village of two parts lies within a historic Roman landscape of centuriated fields which are still visible, and ancient north/south trackways. The historic core in Ripe has developed in a linear manor, radiating out along either side of the three roads, with the main farmstead set back from the road. The part of the village at Eckington Corner is more randomly laid out, but focused on the church and two larger higher status dwellings. There has been some modern infill development in the two areas of the village, but this has not detracted from the significance of the historic cores. There, has however, been a linear modern element of development connecting the historically isolated cores on the southern side of Church Lane.

5.19.1.2 Ripe Conservation Area was originally designated in 1991 and incorporates a designated area around Ripe and a separate designated area around Eckington Corner (together designated as Ripe Conservation Area). A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.19.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.19.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.19.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(74) has demonstrated that Ripe has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic cores at Ripe and Eckington Corner. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(75).

5.19.2.2 The reappraisal of Ripe conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.19.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

74 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 192 75 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.19.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, a number of preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.19.2.5 There are eight preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (76). For this reason it is proposed that these eight areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 18 below.

5.19.2.6 There is one preferred option for testing to exclude land and buildings from the current conservation area boundary. This area is not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant its inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that this area be removed the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 18 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Ripe.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Ripe has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in eight areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas and buildings of heritage significance, and areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which are not included in the current designated area.

There is one option recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: To include land to the immediate southeast of the Church and The Old

Rectory. - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

76 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 193 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Option 2: To include land to the west and north of Eckington Manor and to include the older agricultural buildings and pond at Church Farm.

Option 3: To include land on the southern side of Church Lane including No.1 and No.2, April Cottage and adjacent Channers, on Channers Lane.

Option 4: To include land to the north of Church Lane incorporating the field and stables building east of The Cottage, Keepers Cottage and Sandplatt Cottage; to include Eckington Lodge and associated land to the east; and to include Brooklands Cottage.

Option 5:To include development between Ripe Lane/Firle Road and Channers Lane to the south of Downs View and up to and including Mill Farm Cottage, incorporating Channers Lane footpath to the east, and the length of the Ripe Lane/Firle Road, including boundary treatments on the western side south to the stream.

Option 6:To include the land and development to the east of Channers Lane/footpath including Cobblers Meadow, Cartref and the field and barn to the east, and land to the east of Mill Farm Cottage.

Option 7: To include the southern part of the field between Ripe and Eckington Corner, including church lane and the boundary treatments to either side.

Preferred Option for Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings From Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 8: To alter the boundary at Curls Farm to exclude modern buildings.

5.19.2.7 The map at Figure 18 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above.

194 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.19.3 Figure 18: Ripe Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

195 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.19.4 Alternatives Considered

5.19.4.1 Table 19 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Ripe conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map.

196 Table 19 Alternatives considered for Ripe.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Consideration part of CA(1)?

RPE1 To include land to Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.3 as the land the immediate conservation area testing is to include forms the immediate setting to built form southeast of the and is part of the within the within the current conservation area Church and The Old integral immediate conservation area boundary and would enhance the Rectory. setting to the church. boundary. significance of the heritage asset.

RPE2 To include land to Adjoins the current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, the west and north of conservation area testing is to include 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4. There is a Eckington Manor and forms the within the strong visual relationship between this and to include the important visual conservation area additional land and buildings and the older agricultural setting to Eckington boundary. built form within the current conservation buildings and pond Manor from the west; area boundary. The field to the west of at Church Farm. also includes 19th Eckington Manor retains the historic century farm buildings layout of the Roman centuriated within Church Farm. landscape, and therefore, forms a significant part of the historic setting. Inclusion of the area within this option would enhance the significance of the

heritage asset. Wealden LocalPlan

RPE3 To include land on Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, the southern side of conservation area testing is to include 1.3,201, 2.2 and 2.3. This buildings Church Lane and is part of the late within the represents the late 19th and early 20th including No.1 and 19th century and conservation area century phase of development of the No.2, April Cottage early 20th century boundary. village, however, there is historic map

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and adjacent development of the evidence for earlier settlement along the Channers, on village. eastern side of Channers Lane, an Channers Lane. ancient routeway within the landscape.

RPE4 To include land to Visually prominent No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 the north of Church area of land to the testing is to include and 2.4 due to the identified significance Lane incorporating north of the road within the of this land as part of the Roman the field and stables which together with conservation area centuriated landscape which has building east of The the land associated boundary. retained historic boundary lines. The Cottage, Keepers with Eckington Lodge area of land adjacent Church Lane is Cottage and to the north maintains visually prominent with the early 19th Sandplatt Cottage; part of the historic century stables building at the northern to include Eckington pattern of fields. end. Lodge and associated land to the east; and to include Brooklands Cottage.

RPE5 To include This area No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and development incorporates testing is to include 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4. This is an important between Ripe important phases of within the area of development on the southern Lane/Firle Road and development and conservation area edge of the village core, including Channers Lane to uses in the village, boundary. historic buildings and uses which is the south of Downs including built form contained by the historic routeway to View and up to and shown on the 1840s the east, and Ripe Lane/Firle Road to including Mill Farm Tithe Map. The land the west. Cottage, is located between Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

incorporating the ancient routeway Channers Lane demarcated by footpath to the east, Channers and the length of the Lane/footpath to the Ripe Lane/Firle west and Firle Road Road, including to the west. boundary treatments on the western side south to the stream.

RPE6 To include the land There is No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and and development to archaeological testing is to include 2.4. This land is particularly significant the east of Channers evidence from early within the as it forms part of the original Roman Lane/footpath maps to demonstrate conservation area centuriated landscape and historical including Cobblers that it is likely that boundary. map evidence suggests that the village Meadow, Cartref and development of the may have developed along the eastern the field and barn to village continued side of this ancient routeway. the east, and land to along the eastern the east of Mill Farm side of Channers Cottage. Lane/footpath. Wealden LocalPlan RPE7 To include the This is a visually No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 southern part of the important open space testing is to include and 2.4 due to the identified significance field between Ripe between the two within the of this land as part of the Roman and Eckington historic cores of conservation area centuriated landscape which has Corner, including development and is a boundary. retained historic boundary lines. This church lane and the remnant of the area of open field is particularly

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

boundary treatments Roman centuriated important in maintaining the historic to either side. landscape. visual gap between Ripe and Eckington Corner, which has already been eroded on the southern side of the lane. The strong field boundary along the roadside is visually prominent in the streetscene along with property boundaries on the southern side.

RPE8 To include further This area forms part No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.3. This area elements of the of the garden to testing is to include of land forms part of the residential residential curtilage Manor House and within the curtilage of Manor House and also of Manor House to also incorporates a conservation area incorporates a substantial treed the north and west of substantial treed area boundary. boundary that forms the visual backdrop the current which forms the to Manor Farm. conservation area backdrop to Manor boundary. Farmhouse.

RPE9 To alter the This is modern Yes Preferred option for The modern built form in this area does boundary at Curls development testing is to exclude not meet the Selection of Area criteria Farm to exclude constructed since the from the and therefore does not warrant modern buildings. original designation of conservation area continued inclusion within the boundary the conservation boundary. of the conservation area. area.

RPE10 To include the land This area of land to No Not to include and This area would potentially meet to north of Manor the north of Manor therefore, no selection criteria 2.3, however, due to House. House is enclosed by change to the the development of Manor Bungalow Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

Mark Cross Lane and conservation area this has substantially divorced the the access to Starrs boundary is Manor House visually from this adjacent Barn to the north. recommended. open setting to the north and northwest. Also, through research, there appears to be no historic significance to this enclosed area that would relate to the Manor House.

RPE11 To include Starrs This is modern No Not a reasonable Although there was a historic barn in Barn and environs development alternative - no this approximate location, the original constructed since the change to the building was dismantled and re-erected original designation of boundary of the with alterations after the 1987 hurricane the conservation conservation area as a new dwelling. There is no historic area. is recommended. significance remaining to the building. Therefore, it does not meet the selection criteria set out above and is not a reasonable alternative and would not enhance the significance of the heritage asset.

RPE12 To include the land This land forms part No Not to include and This area could meet criteria 2.3, as it Wealden LocalPlan to the south of of the important open therefore, no forms part of the historic open setting to Manor House. setting to Manor change to the the south of Manor House, however, it House to the south conservation area is part of the wider landscape setting of and allows long boundary is the village in the landscape and can be distance views across recommended. identified as the important open to the South Downs. landscape setting lying outside the boundary of the conservation area

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within a future appraisal document and would therefore be a material consideration in relation to any future planning matters. Therefore, it is not considered that this land warrants inclusion within the conservation area boundary.

RPE13 Not to have a This is an alternative Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area in for consideration. This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a Ripe. reasonable duty on every Local Planning Authority alternative. to determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Ripe identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 18, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

RPE14 To make no changes This is an alternative Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and to the existing for consideration This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a conservation area reasonable duty on every Local Planning Authority boundary. alternative. from time to time to review the past exercise of functions under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must

consider both whether further parts Wealden LocalPlan should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Ripe Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are

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warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.20 Rotherfield

5.20.1 Introduction

5.20.1.1 Rotherfield is a village within the High Weald built upon a high ridge along the B2100. The historic core of the village is centred around the Church of St. Denys and the T- junction of High Street and Church Road. Due to its elevated position the church is highly visible in the surrounding landscape. Most of the modern development in the village has occurred outside the historic core on the roads leading out of the village or behind the main street frontages. The current designated conservation area boundary includes the historic extent of the village around St. Denys' Church and the junction of High Street and Church Road.

5.20.1.2 Rotherfield Conservation Area was originally designated in 1976 and was re-appraised in 1997. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary. The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.20.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.20.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.20.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(77) has demonstrated that Rotherfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(78).

5.20.2.2 The reappraisal of Rotherfield conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.20.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.20.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the

significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future. - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

77 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 78 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 205 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.20.2.5 There are four preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (79). For this reason it is proposed that these area be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 19 below.

5.20.2.6 There are no identified options to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Rotherfield.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Rotherfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in four areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which is not included in the current designated area.

There are no options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: Inclusion of the churchyard extension to the south west of St. Denys' Church and the houses to the north of the churchyard extension.

Option 2: Inclusion of late 19th-early 20th century extension to the south of the village on South Street and New Road.

Option 3: Inclusion of Horsegrove House and Horsegrove Farm.

Option 4: Inclusion of the former National School (Rotherfield Primary School) and the early 20th century houses to the north of the village.

206 79 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.20.2.7 The map at Figure 19 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

207 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.20.3 Figure 19: Rotherfield

208 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.20.4 Alternatives Considered

5.20.4.1 Table 20 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Rotherfield conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

209

210

Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 20 Alternatives considered for Rotherfield.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

RFD1 Inclusion of the Later 19th and No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.4 and 2.3. churchyard early 20th century testing is to include The churchyard represents the extension of St. extension to the development of within the Denys' churchyard in the late 19th century and south west of St. the village. conservation area earlier 20th century. The buildings to the north Denys' Church Nominated by boundary. of the churchyard are important for the setting and the houses to Rotherfield Parish of the church and churchyard and the earlier the north of the Council. 20th century houses represent the expansion of churchyard the village at this time. extension.

RFD2 Inclusion of late Later 19th and No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 2.1. 19th-early 20th early 20th century testing is to include The late 19th-early 20th century houses along century extension development of within the South Street and New Road are of historic and to the south of the village. conservation area architectural significance and demonstrate a the village on Nominated by boundary. contiguous relationship with the village, South Street and Rotherfield Parish representing the planned layout of New Road New Road. Council. and expansion of the village with the arrival of the railway. Also formerly part of the Horsegrove Estate and reported location of a fair field.

RFD3 Inclusion of Historic property No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, and Horsegrove that is part of the testing is to include 2.2. Historic property on the edge of the village House and historic within the and remnant of large historic estate recorded Horsegrove development of conservation area from the 16th century. Historically linked to Farm. the village. boundary. village as the estate abutted the southern extent of the village before New Road and the Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

associated houses were built on the Estate. Also reported to be the location of a fair field that was held on the Estate, which links it to the village. Southern extent of the historical development in Rotherfield.

RFD4 Inclusion of the Later 19th and No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 2.1. former National early 20th century testing is to include The earlier 20th century houses along North School development of within the Street are of historic and architectural (Rotherfield the village. conservation area significance and demonstrate a contiguous Primary School) boundary. relationship with the village, representing the and the early 20th Nominated by early 20th century expansion of the village. The century houses to Rotherfield Parish former National School is of socially historic the north of the Council. importance and despite later extensions still has village. historic and architectural significance.

RFD5 Inclusion of Green space on No Preferred option is The Millennium Green is an attractive green Millennium Green the edge of the not to include and space, but demonstrates no historic significance conservation area therefore, no and is considered to be more of an important nominated by change to setting to the conservation area that an integral

Rotherfield Parish boundary of the part of the historic development of the village Wealden LocalPlan Council. conservation area itself (1.2, 2.1). It is considered more appropriate is recommended. to identify the area as important open space setting on the future appraisal.

RFD6 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation conservation area alternative for This is not a Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local in Rotherfield. consideration. Planning Authority to determine which parts of

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reasonable their area are areas of special architectural or alternative. historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Rotherfield identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 19, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

RFD7 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation changes to the alternative for This is not a Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local existing consideration reasonable Planning Authority from time to time to review conservation area alternative. the past exercise of functions under section 69 boundary. and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Rotherfield Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden LocalPlan

213 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.21 Rushlake Green

5.21.1 Introduction

5.21.1.1 Rushlake Green is a village within the High Weald set around a large open Green. The historic core of the village is centred around the Green, onto which most of the properties face, with buildings and farms extending along the roads leading off the Green. There has been very little modern development within the village. The current designated conservation area boundary includes the historic core of the village around the Green, extending along the roads to the historic properties of Markyle, Stone House and Great Crouch's Farm.

5.21.1.2 Rushlake Green Conservation Area was originally designated in 1995. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary. The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.21.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.21.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.21.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(80) has demonstrated that Rushlake Green has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(81).

5.21.2.2 The reappraisal of Rushlake Green conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.21.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.21.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

80 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 214 81 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.21.2.5 There is one preferred option for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary and some slight boundary alterations where they do not currently follow property boundaries. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (82). For this reason it is proposed that these area be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 20 below.

5.21.2.6 There is one preferred option for testing to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary. This area is not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant its inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that this area is removed from the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 20 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Rushlake Green.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Rushlake Green has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that one option be considered to extend the current conservation area in one area, where the current appraisal has identified an area that provides a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which is not included in the current designated area. In addition, some slight boundary alterations are recommended where they do not currently follow property boundaries.

There is one option recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary, where the current appraisal has identified an area that is not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant its inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria.

Preferred Options For Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: Inclusion of the eastern extent of the garden of Stone House that is currently - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for bisected by the conservation area boundary.

82 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 215 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Option 2: Slight boundary alterations to clarify the conservation area boundary where it does not currently follow property boundaries.

Preferred Option for Testing To Exclude and Buildings From Land Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 3: Exclusion of the Osbourne House (the former National School).

5.21.2.7 The map at Figure 20 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above.

216 Wealden Local Plan

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5.21.3 Figure 20: Rushlake Green Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

217 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.21.4 Alternatives Considered

5.21.4.1 Table 21 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Rushlake Green conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred options for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map.

218 Table 21 Alternatives considered for Rushlake Green.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Consideration part of CA(1)?

RLG1 Inclusion of the The No Preferred option for Meets criteria 2.2 and clarifies the location of the eastern extent of conservation testing is to include conservation area boundary to include the the garden of area boundary within the property boundaries where they are currently Stone House that currently conservation area bisected by the conservation area boundary. is currently extends boundary. bisected by the through the conservation area properties. boundary.

RLG2 Slight boundary The Yes and Preferred option for Meets criteria 2.2 and clarifies the location of the alterations to conservation no in testing is to conservation area boundary to include/exclude clarify the area boundary parts include/exclude as areas where the property boundaries are currently conservation area currently appropriate to bisected by the conservation area boundary. boundary where it extends clarify the does not currently through the conservation area follow property properties. boundary. boundaries.

RLG3 Exclusion of Modern Yes Preferred option for This is a modern redevelopment and feels Wealden LocalPlan Osbourne House. redevelopment testing is to exclude detached from the conservation area due to the within the from the large parking in front of the building. Does not conservation conservation area meet criteria 1.1, 1.2 2.2 or 2.3. area. boundary.

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RLG4 Inclusion of Back Nominated by No Preferred option is Although Little Stream Cottage meets the Lane and Little Warbleton not to include and selection criteria in terms of the merit of the built Stream Cottage. Parish Council therefore, no form (1.1) and is an historic property (2.2), the change to boundary property appears to have historically been, and of the conservation continues to be, detached from the village core area is and instead is considered part of the wider recommended. landscape of dispersed historic properties and lanes that extend around the Wealden villages. It does not have a direct relationship with the village (1.2, 2.3, 2.4) or visual presence (1.3) and so an extension along Back Lane to include the property does not meet the selection criteria.The same applies to the Council houses on Back Lane, which have lost their character and been encroached upon by car parking. Little Stream Cottage is grade II listed, which is a more appropriate means of protection and management in this instance.

RLG5 Inclusion of the Historic No Preferred option is Although the former iron working sites and mill remnants of evidence of not to include and sites are of historical significance (1.2), the sites former iron early industrial therefore, no appear to have historically been, and continues working header activity around change to boundary to be, detached from the village core and instead ponds and mill the village. of the conservation is considered part of the wider landscape. The sites to the west of area is sites do not have a direct relationship with the the village. recommended. village (1.2, 2.3, 2.4) or visual presence (1.3). Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

RLG6 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation conservation area alternative for This is not a Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local in Rushlake consideration. reasonable Planning Authority to determine which parts of Green. alternative. their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Rushlake Green identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 20, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

RLG7 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation changes to the alternative for This is not a Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local existing consideration reasonable Planning Authority from time to time to review the conservation area alternative. past exercise of functions under section 69 and boundary. to determine whether any parts or any further Wealden LocalPlan parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special

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architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Rushlake Green Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.22 Selmeston

5.22.1 Introduction

5.22.1.1 Selmeston lies within the southern part of the Low Weald, at the foot of the northern scarp slope of the South Downs, in an open landscape setting. It has developed in a linear manner along the western side of The Street, with the principal elevations of the majority of the buildings fronting on to the road. Development has also occurred historically around the road junction in the south of the village. The church is the oldest building within Selmeston, and the earliest surviving domestic buildings date from the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries and are located towards the northern end of the village. Later 18th and 19th century development occurred in a piecemeal linear fashion along the western side of The Street, and around the road junction to the south. 20th century development has predominantly infilled empty plots on the western side of The Street, with very little unsympathetic development having occurred to harm the historic character and significance of the village.

5.22.1.2 Selmeston Conservation Area was originally designated in 1991. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.22.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.22.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.22.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(83) has demonstrated that Selmeston has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(84).

5.22.2.2 The reappraisal of Selmeston conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.22.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

83 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 84 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 223 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.22.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, a number of preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.22.2.5 There are five preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (85). For this reason it is proposed that these five areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 21 below.

5.22.2.6 There are no options identified to exclude land and buildings from the current conservation area boundary.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Selmeston.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Selmeston has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in five areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas and buildings of heritage significance, and areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which are not included in the current designated area.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: To include of Green House; the site of the Mesolithic Settlement; Little Bells; and the route of the Roman Road between The Street and Green House.

Option 2: To include of development on the western side of the northern part of The Street, inclusive Windover through to The Poor House; and inclusion of the road and the bank and hedge to the eastern side of this part of The Street.

Option 3: To include of land to the west of The Street, to the rear of The Old Vicarage through to Windover to the north.

224 85 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

Option 4: To include of the development on the eastern side of The Street to the south of Farifield Cottages and the field to the rear.

Option 5: To include of the development around the junction of The Street with the A27 in the south of the village.

5.22.2.7 The map at Figure 21 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

225 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.22.3 Figure 21: Selmeston

226 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.22.4 Alternatives Considered

5.22.4.1 Table 22 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Selmeston conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

227

228

Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 22 Alternatives considered for Selmeston.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

SLM1 To include Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 2.3 and 2.4 Green House; conservation area testing is to include and would enhance the significance of the the site of the and is part of the within the heritage asset. To the east of the Church is Mesolithic historical conservation area the earliest area of settlement which began in Settlement; development of boundary. the Mesolithic period and continued through to Little Bells; and the village within the medieval period. Although there is now no the route of the the surrounding above ground evidence for this early period of Roman Road landscape. settlement, there have been several formal between The archaeological excavations and also spot finds Street and in and around this area. The Mesolithic period Green House. site lies in the vicinity of the known route of a minor Roman Road along the base of the South Downs, which forms the present access track to Green House. This part of Selmeston is significant in relation to the historic development of occupation in the area , through to the early 20th century, and provides the earliest roots for settlement.

SLM2 To include Adjoins current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, development on conservation area testing is to include 2.2,2.3 and 2.4 and would enhance the the western side and is part of the within the significance of the heritage asset. The village of the northern historical conservation area has historically developed in a linear form along part of The development of boundary. the western side of The Street on the slightly Street, inclusive the village. The higher ground above the ancient north/south Windover Parish Council has routeway through the settlement. Although Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

through to The also there has been some modern infil, the majority Poor House; recommended of the built form has some strong intrinsic and inclusion of inclusion of this architectural or historic merit and the built form, the road and the area. as a group, makes an important visual bank and hedge contribution to the settlement. to the eastern side of this part of The Street.

SLM3 To include land Research has No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.2, 2.3 and 2.4 and to the west of demonstrated that testing is to include would enhance the significance of the heritage The Street, to this area within the asset. To the west of The Street, the fields to the rear of The incorporates Anglo conservation area the rear of the linear development include an Old Vicarage Saxon evidence of boundary. Anglo Saxon cemetery and represents an through to settlement in the important phase of evidence for occupation in Windover to the area. The Parish the area. There is also the likelihood that there north. Council has also will be further archaeological remains across recommended the wider field area, which lies between the inclusion of some village and the Saxon settlement and Medieval or all of this area. farmstead at Sherrington Manor. The sunken track way through the field to the rear of Wealden LocalPlan Fairland was an original access through to Sherrington Manor and its route is still visible as a depression within the field.

SLM4 To include the Adjoins the current No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.2, development on conservation area testing is to include 2.3 and 2.4 and would enhance the significance the eastern side and is part of the within the of the heritage asset. This part of the village

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of The Street to historical conservation area of Selmeston has developed in piecemeal linear the south of development of boundary. fashion along the western side of the street Fairfield the village. There from the mid 19th century through to the late Cottages and is also historic 20th century. To the rear of the linear the field to the evidence that the development is the remaining part of the historic rear. field to the rear sheep fair field. Although there has been some was the 'Fair modern infil, the majority of the built form has Field'. The Parish some strong intrinsic architectural or historic Council has also merit and the built form, as a group, makes an recommended important visual contribution to the settlement. inclusion of the development to the south of Fairfield Cottages.

SLM5 To include the Is part of a later No Preferred option for Meets criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 and 2.3 and development phase of testing is to include would enhance the significance of the heritage around the development in the within the asset. This area of the village is formed by the junction of The village around the conservation area late 18th, 19th and early 20th century Street with the crossroads. The boundary. development around the junction of The Street A27 in the south Parish Council has with the A27, which is in mix of residential and of the village. also commercial use. The majority of the built form recommended has some strong intrinsic architectural or inclusion of the historic merit and the built form, as a group, war memorial makes an important visual contribution to the which is within this settlement. The area also includes the war area. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

memorial which is of social significance within the village.

SLM6 To include the Would adjoin an No Not to include and The village hall and use of land as a recreation village hall and extended therefore, no ground are relatively modern uses in this area. recreation conservation area change to the The village hall would not meet any of the ground. boundary. conservation area selection of area criteria.The recreation ground boundary is forms part of the traditional open landscape recommended. setting to the village within the wider landscape (criteria 2.3). There appears to be no particular historic importance to this land, other than the fact that no development has historically taken place in this area to the east of the road. This land can be identified as the important open landscape setting lying outside the boundary of the conservation area within a future appraisal document, which reinforces the historic linear development on the eastern side of The Street only, and would therefore be a material consideration in relation to any future planning matters. Therefore, it is not Wealden LocalPlan considered that this land warrants inclusion within the conservation area boundary.

SLM7 To include the This land forms No Not to include and This field forms part of the traditional open field to the north part of the open therefore, no landscape setting to the village within the wider of the recreation setting to the change to the landscape (criteria 2.3). There appears to be village on the conservation area no particular historic importance to this land,

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ground and east eastern side of boundary is other than the fact that no development has of The Street The Street. recommended. historically taken place in this area to the east of the road. This land can be identified as the important open landscape setting lying outside the boundary of the conservation area within a future appraisal document, which reinforces the historic linear development on the eastern side of The Street only, and would therefore be a material consideration in relation to any future planning matters. Therefore, it is not considered that this land warrants inclusion within the conservation area boundary.

SLM8 To include land This land forms No Not to include and These fields forms part of the traditional open to the north of part of the open therefore, no landscape setting to the village within the wider Church setting to the change to the landscape (criteria 2.3). There appears to be Farmhouse and village on the conservation area no particular historic importance to this land, east of The eastern side of boundary is other than the fact that no development has Street up to the The Street. recommended. historically taken place in this area to the east railway line. of the road north of Church Farmhouse. This land can be identified as the important open landscape setting lying outside the boundary of the conservation area within a future appraisal document, which reinforces the historic linear development on the eastern side of The Street only, and would therefore be a material consideration in relation to any future Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

planning matters. Therefore, it is not considered that this land warrants inclusion within the conservation area boundary.

SLM9 To include land This area of land No Not to include and These fields forms part of the traditional open to the north of would adjoin an therefore, no landscape setting to the village within the wider The Poorhouse extended change to the landscape (criteria 2.3). There appears to be and west of The boundary to the conservation area no particular historic importance to this land, Street. conservation area boundary is other than the fact that no development has and forms part of recommended. historically taken place in this area to the the the open setting to north of The Poorhouse. This land can be the northern identified as the important open landscape development in the setting lying outside the boundary of the village on The conservation area within a future appraisal Street. document and would therefore be a material consideration in relation to any future planning matters. Therefore, it is not considered that this land warrants inclusion within the conservation area boundary.

SLM10 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Wealden LocalPlan conservation alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty area in consideration. reasonable on every Local Planning Authority to determine Selmeston. alternative. which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those

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areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Selmeston identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 21, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

SLM11 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and changes to the alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty existing consideration reasonable on every Local Planning Authority from time to conservation alternative. time to review the past exercise of functions area boundary. under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

The reappraisal of the Selmeston Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden LocalPlan

235 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.23 Uckfield

5.23.1 Introduction

5.23.1.1 The Town of Uckfield has historically developed in a linear manner along Church Street, with a core of development around the junction with High Street. Belmont Lane was an early route into the town. There was isolated historic development to the north and south of the junction with Church Lane along the High Street, which has subsequently been consolidated in the 18th - 20th centuries. Whilst there has been some modern development within the town centre, an historic core has been maintained around the crossroads, along Church Street and within the High Street.

5.23.1.2 Uckfield Conservation Area was originally designated in 1968 and re-appraised in 1998. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.23.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.23.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.23.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(86) has demonstrated that Uckfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(87).

5.23.2.2 The reappraisal of Uckfield conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.23.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.23.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, a number of preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

86 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 236 87 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.23.2.5 There are six preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (88). For this reason it is proposed that these six areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 22 below.

5.23.2.6 There are five preferred options for testing to exclude land and buildings from the current conservation area boundary.These areas are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that these five areas be removed the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 22 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Uckfield.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Uckfield has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in six areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas and buildings of heritage significance, and areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which are not included in the current designated area.

There are five options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: To include the road, pavement and boundary wall to Bedford Court, north of Hooke Hall.

Option 2: To include Hempstead Road, northern side, from Hempstead Cottage through to The Lodge, along with No.1 Linden Close. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

88 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 237 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Option 3: To include the southern part of the High Street: eastern side - No. 138-122, including Olive's Yard, No. 112-100c; western side: No.21a-47

Option 4: To include Wayside Cottage, Glebe House, The Rectory and Delgany and associated curtilages and Belmont Road, and treed and hedged roadside boundaries/banks.

Option 5:To include Belmont Road and associated hedged and treed banks/boundary, through to and including Bell Farmhouse and The Oast House.

Option 6: To include the additional treed frontage to Church Street on the boundary of Belmont Cottage.

Preferred Options for Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings From Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 7: To alter the boundary to exclude Wickers on Pudding Cake Lane

Option 8: To alter the boundary to exclude part of the roadway in Regency Close

Option 9: To alter the boundary to exclude the car parks to the rear of Cornfords Yard and No. 101 High Street

Option 10: To alter the boundary to exclude the roadway to the rear of No. 107-113 High Street.

Option 11: To alter the boundary to exclude Manor House Court, gardens and garages, but to retain the front boundary wall to the High Street within the conservation area boundary.

5.23.2.7 The map at Figure 22 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above.

238 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.23.3 Figure 22: Uckfield Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

239 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.23.4 Alternatives Considered

5.23.4.1 Table 23 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Uckfield conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map.

240 Table 23 Alternatives considered for Uckfield.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Consideration part of CA(1)?

UCK1 To include the road, Adjoins the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.3 and would pavement and current testing is to include enhance the significance of the heritage boundary wall to conservation area within the asset. Bedford Court, north and is part of the conservation area of Hooke Hall. setting of the boundary. buildings on the western side of High Street.

UCK2 To include Adjoins the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.2 Hempstead Road, current testing is to include and 2.4. The development on the northern northern side, from conservation area within the side represents an important phase of Hempstead Cottage and relates to the conservation area building to the east of the High Street and through to The late 19th century boundary. inclusion would enhance the significance of Lodge, along with and early 20th the heritage asset. The development No.1 Linden Close. century relates to late 19th and early 20th century expansion of the expansion along Hempstead Road, and also centre of Uckfield. includes the former Lodge House and

associated entrance to Uckfield House to Wealden LocalPlan the north which was demolished in the 20th century. The boundary is proposed to include the southern end of the Lime Tree Avenue which is a significant topographical feature associated with the Lodge House and entrance to the former country house estate.

241 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

242

Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

UCK3 To include the Adjoins the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, southern part of the current testing is to include and 2.2 and inclusion would enhance the High Street: eastern conservation area within the significance of the heritage asset. This part side - No. 138-122, and relates to the conservation area of the High Street represents buildings from including Olive's early expansion boundary. several periods of development. Olive's Yard, No. 112-100c; of the High Street Farmhouse has post medieval origins and western side: to the south, up to is a remnant of the earlier uses in this area, No.21a-47 the Second World along with former ancillary outbuildings to War. the rear. There are other buildings further to the south on the eastern side which are also in situ on the 1840's tithe map. The linear development on the eastern side of the High Street demonstrates phases of infill development to form the High Street frontage, and many of the buildings retain original architectural detailing. The parade of shops on the western side proposed for inclusion are important due to their construction as a complete, symmetrical parade, with a number of original architectural features remaining, as well as the fact that, unusually, they were constructed during the Second World War.

UCK4 To include Wayside Adjoins the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 Cottage, Glebe current testing is to include and 2.3 and inclusion would enhance the House, The Rectory conservation within the significance of the heritage asset. The built Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

and Delgany and area. Belmont conservation area form on the western side of Belmont Road associated Lane is an historic boundary. was constructed at the end of the 19th curtilages and route into the century and comprises the former Rectory. Belmont Road, and town and this part Delgany is an early 20th century dwelling treed and hedged has late 19th and of character. A substantial amount of roadside early 20th century original architectural detailing survives to boundaries/banks. development. the buildings. The Town Council have also suggested inclusion of Wayside, the Rectory and Delgany within an extended conservation area boundary.

UCK5 To include Belmont Belmont Lane is No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, Road and an historic route testing is to include 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 and inclusion would associated hedged into the town and within the enhance the significance of the heritage Wealden LocalPlan and treed this part has post conservation area asset. Belmont Road was one of the banks/boundary, medieval boundary. original entrances into the town across the through to and development River Uck, and the 16th century farmhouse including Bell surviving. is a reminder of this early route up to the Farmhouse and The Church and Church Street. The 19th Oast House. century oast is associated with Bell

243 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

244

Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

Farmhouse, the the pond forms part of the setting to the oast and farmhouse. The character of the road is important as it remains unmetalled and sunken between treed and hedged boundary banks.

UCK6 To include the Adjoins the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.2 and inclusion additional treed current testing is to include would enhance the significance of the frontage to Church conservation area within the heritage asset. The strong treed boundary Street on the and forms part of conservation area to either side of Church Road creates a boundary of Belmont the visual boundary. visual gateway into the central part of the Cottage. entrance to this town and inclusion of the entire treed area part of Church to the southern side of the road is thus Street. recommended.

UCK7 To alter the This is modern Yes Preferred option for The modern development does not meet boundary to exclude development. testing is to exclude the Selection of Area criteria and does not Wickers on Pudding from the enhance the significance of the heritage Cake LaneTo alter conservation area asset. the boundary to boundary. exclude part of the roadway in Regency CloseTo alter the boundary to exclude the car parks to the rear of Cornfords Yard and No. 101 High Street Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

UCK8 To alter the This is a modern Yes Preferred option for The modern roadway does not meet the boundary to exclude roadway. testing is to exclude Selection of Area criteria and does not part of the roadway from the enhance the significance of the heritage in Regency Close conservation area asset. boundary.

UCK9 To alter the These are areas Yes Preferred option for The parking area does not meet the boundary to exclude of tarmac testing is to exclude Selection of Area criteria and does not the car parks to the surfaced car from the enhance the significance of the heritage rear of Cornfords parks conservation area asset. Yard and No. 101 boundary. High Street

UCK10 To alter the This is a modern Yes Preferred option for The modern roadway does not meet the boundary to exclude roadway. testing is to exclude Selection of Area criteria and does not the roadway to the from the enhance the significance of the heritage rear of No. 107-113 conservation area asset. High Street. boundary.

UCK11 To alter the This is modern Yes Preferred option for The modern development and associated boundary to exclude development. testing is to exclude parking area does not meet the Selection Wealden LocalPlan Manor House Court, from the of Area criteria and does not enhance the gardens and conservation area significance of the heritage asset. The front garages, but to boundary apart boundary wall is historic and was once retain the front from the boundary related to the grounds of the Manor House boundary wall to the wall to High Street. and makes an important visual contribution High Street within to this part of the High Street, meeting

245 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

246

Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

the conservation criteria 1.3, therefore, its retention within the area boundary. boundary of the conservation area is recommended.

UCK12 To include the full The Lime Tree No Preferred option is Although the Lime Tree Avenue is a length of Lime Tree Avenue formed not to include within historical topographical feature on the Avenue. the southern the conservation western edge of the centre of Uckfield, apart access route to area boundary. from its association with The Lodge House the now at the southern end. The former country demolished house was demolished in the 20th century Uckfield House, to make way for a housing estate. The located in the avenue of trees is already protected through area of the a tree preservation order. Therefore, apart modern Browns from the southern end which has a Estate. relationship with the former Lodge House, this feature does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and does not warrant inclusion within the designated conservation area.

UCK13 To include Bridge This area is No Preferred option is There are buildings in this area which retain Cottage, the road located at the not to include within historic detailing and character, however, bridge and station southern end of the conservation there has been substantial modern environs, including High Street. area boundary. development between the option identified the signal box and to extend the current conservation area original railway south along the High Street, and this small station building. area in the vicinity of the river. The remaining historic and older buildings around the river crossing have become Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

visually detached from the older built form to the north, particularly due to the size of the intervening modern developments that have take place on both the east and west sides of the High Street around the junction with the B2102. Therefore, this part of Uckfield in the vicinity of the river does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and does not warrant inclusion within the designated conservation area.

UCK14 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area in alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty Uckfield. consideration. reasonable on every Local Planning Authority to alternative. determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the town of Uckfield identified in the Wealden LocalPlan Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 22, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and

247 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

248

Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

UCK15 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and changes to the alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty existing consideration reasonable on every Local Planning Authority from time conservation area alternative. to time to review the past exercise of boundary. functions under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Uckfield Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden LocalPlan

249 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.24 Wadhurst

5.24.1 Introduction

5.24.1.1 Wadhurst is a town within the High Weald situated to the south of Tunbridge Wells, seven miles east of Crowborough on the B2099. The village is centred around the former market place and the Parish Church of St Peter and St Paul and extends along the High Street and Lower High Street (B2099). Most of the modern development in the town has occurred outside the historic core on the peripheries of the town or to the rear of the historic properties, although there has been more modern development along the High Street where a previous plane crash destroyed historic properties in the mid-20th century. The current designated conservation area boundary includes the historic extent of the town around the former market place and the Parish Church of St Peter and St Paul and extending along the High Street and Lower High Street.

5.24.1.2 Wadhurst Conservation Area was originally designated in 1971 and was reappraised in 1998. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary. The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.24.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.24.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.24.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(89) has demonstrated that Wadhurst has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(90).

5.24.2.2 The reappraisal of Wadhurst conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.24.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

89 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 250 90 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.24.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.24.2.5 There are eight preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (91). For this reason it is proposed that these area be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 23 below.

5.24.2.6 There are five preferred options for testing to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.These areas are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that these areas are removed from the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 23 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Wadhurst.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION:Wadhurst has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in eight areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which is not included in the current designated area.

There are five options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary, where the current appraisal has identified areas that are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

91 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 251 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: Inclusion of the area along the High Street from Hill House to the junction with the B2100 to include Hill House Farm, Green Square, the War Memorial, Hope Cottage and the wooded area along the south side of the High Street.

Option 2: Inclusion of the field opposite Hill House on the south side of the High Street.

Option 3: Slight boundary change to include the whole of The Vicarage (boundary currently extends through the plot) to include the entire plot and all boundary treatments.

Option 4: Slight boundary change to include the whole of Sunnyside and Walter's Barn plots to the north east of the Lower High Street (boundary currently extends through the plot).

Option 5: Inclusion of a small area to the south west of the Lower High Street to include the boundary treatments in front of Uplands Community College.

Option 6: Inclusion of a small area to the south west of the Lower High Street to incorporate the scout hut, workshop and the Long House.

Option 7: Inclusion of the street frontage and boundary treatments along the north east side of the Lower High Street, corresponding to the Archaeological Notification Area (ANA) boundary.

Option 8: Inclusion of the area from Wesley House along the Lower High Street to Stone Cross to include Stone Cross Cottages and Stone Cross Farm.

Preferred Options for Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings From Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 9: Exclusion of Crittle's Court and the houses along Townslands Road to the rear of the buildings on the south west of the High Street.

Option 10: Slight boundary change to the south west of the Lower High Street to exclude 1 and 2 Police Station adjacent to Uplands College.

Option 11: Slight boundary change to the north east of the Lower High Street to exclude 1 and 2 Pipers Close.

Option 12: Exclusion of Kingsley Court to the north east of the Lower High Street, but retaining the street frontage and boundary treatments.

Option 13: Slight boundary change to the north east of the Lower High Street to exclude Russetts, but retain the street frontage and boundary treatments.

252 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.24.2.7 The map at Figure 23 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

253 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas

254 5.24.3 Figure 23: Wadhurst The Gate House 159.6m MAYFIELD LANE Lime Trees

Windmill © Crown copyright and database rights 2015 Ordnance Survey 100018692. 14 Lodge Pond

You are permitted to use this data solely to enable you to respond to, or interact with, the organisation that providedTrack you with the data. You are not permitted to copy, sub-licence, distribute or sell any of this data to Maze Pond third parties in any form. Chestnuts 2 Oaklands House

2 BOCKING CLOSE BOCKING

Bramblewood 13

Track 8 Legend

Durgates

1 12 BALDOCK ROAD Lodge 154.8m Hurst Windmill Farm Wood 1

9-13 7

1-8 Windmill

FULLER 4 11 5

5 LITTLE PARK LITTLE

Westwood Manor

11 CLOSE 1 Meadow Tylers

B 2100

54

12

2

55 13 to 30

52

53

51 50 Pond

15 48 152.5m 49

45

The Oaks The 47 46

Braefield

Options to exclude Options to include Proposed CA boundary Existing Conservation Area 42 GP

Sub 4 34 Sta

El

31 7

CASTLE WALK 10

Wealden House

39

35

5 WARD CLOSE WARD

41

5 40

1 BASSETT'S FORGE BASSETT'S 1 Southacre Pond 2

Finches

1 to 4 to 1

LB 12 Bancroft

11

14

15

Track 13 149.3m 4

Park View 16

Seniab 9 Goddensfield

Lauriston 6

House Ruddigore

Exchange Southlea Telephone Glen Afton Kildare

Sylvan House 6a TCB Park

The Glen 7 View Little Kildare

Pond 7

Tennis Court 148.8m

Parkside Queenswood

Park Cottage The Firs

2 Cottages 1 Issues 1 The Cranford Rosery High Trees

Castle Cottage HOLMESDALE CLOSE GODDENSFIELD

Coach House 21 The Old The Staddles

Hazelhurst

Lodge Yew Tree Woodbury Durgates Willows Ardmair CASTLE 152.8m WALK

The 19

Rowans Wildernesse

Fairways

18

17a 17

THE Pond Pond

3 MARLPIT The Mullins 1 Almhouses Wadhurst Castle

Memorial

6 2

Almshouses El Sub Sta Sub El 1 Pond Hope Cott Lansdowne Posts 1

2

Marlpit

Cotts 1 158.9m

The Lodge SPARROWS GREEN ROAD GREEN SPARROWS B 2100 B Cottages Sparrows Green Home Cottage

GP

1

2 1

Path (um)

Castle Keep HIGH STREET HIGH Memorial Pond War Station

Fire Wadhurst C of E

Primary School

3

1

B 2099 B 2

39 Castle

Forge GREEN SQUARE Birchett's Wood 35

44 Braidwood Karibou 1 1 27

4 Pond

29 160.1m

31 32 1 6 8

33 34 50

4 26 9 2

WASHWELL LANE STYLES LANE Pond House SNAPE VIEW SNAPE Sta Sub Whispers El

23

Court Fazan

1 to 25 to 1

17

22

15 20

16 Hill House

21 Bungalow

19 Farm

13

Crittle's

18

20

Court 2 17

13 1

13 16

1 Sta Sub

El

12

Hill House 10

9

11 12

19

9 Cottage COURTHOPE AVENUE COURTHOPE WATTS CLOSE

Hillside 6

Mulberry

11 HIGH

20 14 9

4 Huntly House Sta Sub

2 El

STREET

Builder's Yard 3 12

1 7 23 Ponds

Pond 6 Novam

Hill View 153.3m

5

Hedges 31 27 to 30 to 27

26

to

1 2 Oak Cottage 1 Pump Cottage

Pentire The Cottage TOWNLANDS

2 Glasbury The Works The Acres Broad Wadhurst Ladylands

Hopehill Fenn

Newhope House

Sports Ground

ROAD Vicarage The Creig The

New Chalet The

1 Bungalow Vicarage The Old

Pond Mill End Mill

Pavilion Gordon HouseClock House Chaffcutters Bowling Pavilion Green Helix House El

Sub Sta 6

Parade Central Park El Sub Sta Pavilion Car Osborne House 150.4m

Mill 3 Oast 2

Ivy Cottage 1 2099 B PO Mill Oast Cottages 4 Swimming Pool

5 and St Paul's

CHURCH STREET CHURCH PH Hall St Peter Church

TCB

The Middle House Middle The

Library 1 HIGH STREET HIGH

Car Park The White Path (um) House Pharmacy House The Mallows

Spring Cott Path (um) Graveyard Church Ho Sports Ground Bank Path 3 Church GreyhoundThe House 1 Gate Cottage Twitten (PH) 147.9m 10 Wadhurst The Barn 5 Bank The Lodge Uplands Community

1 Pond Surgery SQUARE Clavers Cottage THE College Sub Sta El

Path 145.6m Forge Cott Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations The 6

Barn PIPERS The Southmeads

Fir Tree Church

Cottage

Walters CLOSE

1 1 Police Station Police

Scout Hut 2 2

Sunnyside

4 Court 11

Kingsley

2 Walters Barn

3

1 Allotment Gardens

Cottages

April 4 The Long House

Cott 6 7 Balliol

10 BLACKSMITH'S LANE

1 5

11

8

Woodstock H 9 Spring

Winsome 12 Villa

Glen ouse STREET HIGH LOWER 141.3m Uplands

Holly Vicarage Green Cott 4 Homefield Cott Cedar Bank Kelly's Cottage 12

1

Laurel Bank Laurel 5 Pleasant Mount 138.8m Cedar Villa

Wayside 1 Centre Youth

Kemps 4 Eilona Olivers Cottage Wayside Cott Masanga Keeper's

12 Cottage WATERS Uplands School House Russetts

Sunnybank Stone Cross House

COTTAGES 1

1 13 135.3m Moseham House Stone Cross Farm

4 6

Wesley House 14

STONE 17 Sub Sta

El CROSS

ROAD 10 Pond

Pond 11 Leysdown 7 Moseham Little Rosebank Oaklands Heronpale 135.1m Summerfields Broadwater Lodge Pond GP BRINKER'S LANE Cross Stone Brinkers Cott 8 Little Pell Farm Pond 140.2m Pond Cottages Moseham

Hill

1 Issues 2 Moase Hames Moseham Blackman's Wood Pond Wealden Local Plan

FOXHOLE LANE

Track Path (um) Path

Path (um) Blackman's Wood 255 5 Recommendations and Options - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options - Existing Areas

256 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.24.4 Alternatives Considered

5.24.4.1 Table 24 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Wadhurst conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 24 Alternatives considered for Wadhurst.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)? WAD1 Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and historic extent of testing is to include 2.1. Hill House Farm and the Inclusion of the area the town, including within the surrounding land were historically owned along the High Street earlier 20th conservation area by Hill House. The earlier 20th century from Hill House to the century boundary. houses on Green Square are of historic junction with the B2100 development, and and architectural significance and to include Hill House visually significant demonstrate a contiguous relationship Farm, Green Square, as entrance to with the town, possibly representing the War Memorial, Hope town. Green housing built to cater for local needs Cottage and the wooded Square nominated after WWI. The War Memorial is of area along the south by Wadhurst socially historic importance. The side of the High Street. Parish Council. buildings, green space and trees and visually significant at the northern entrance to the town. WAD2 Inclusion of the field Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.4, 2.2, 2.3 and opposite Hill House on historic and testing is to include 2.4. The field was owned by Hill House the south side of the topographical within the and appears to have been intentionally High Street. boundary of the conservation area left undeveloped as the view to the High village and visually boundary. Weald from the front of Hill House. As significant. such it is part of the setting and interpretation of Hill House (Grade II listed). It is also visually important as a green space on the entrance/exit to the town at the northern periphery. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)? WAD3 Slight boundary change The conservation No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.2 and clarifies to include the whole of area boundary testing is to include the location of the conservation area The Vicarage (boundary currently extends within the boundary to include the property currently extends through the conservation area boundary where it is currently bisected through the plot) to property. boundary. by the conservation area boundary. include the entire plot and all boundary treatments. WAD4 Slight boundary change The conservation No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.2 and clarifies to include the whole of area boundary testing is to include the location of the conservation area Sunnyside and Walter's currently extends within the boundary to include the property Barn plots to the north through the conservation area boundaries where they are currently east of the Lower High properties. boundary. bisected by the conservation area Street (boundary boundary. currently extends through the plot). WAD5 Inclusion of a small area Topographical No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.3 and 2.4. to the south west of the boundary testing is to include Topographical boundary treatment Lower High Street to treatment forming within the forming part of the setting of the town Wealden LocalPlan include the boundary part of the setting conservation area and visually significant as a green treatments in front of of the town and boundary. screening to Uplands Community Uplands Community visually significant. College. College. WAD6 Inclusion of a small area Historic and No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1 and 1.4. to the south west of the socially significant testing is to include These properties are surviving examples

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)? Lower High Street to properties on the within the of lower status buildings built for specific incorporate the scout edge of the town. conservation area purposes. The scout hut is a relatively hut, workshop and the boundary. rare survivor of this type and as such is Long House. of significance. The workshop building and Long House are similarly representative of workshop and ancillary buildings built at the lower end of town on the Lower High Street. WAD7 Inclusion of the street Historic extent of No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.2, 2.1, 2.2 and frontage and boundary the town and testing is to include 2.4.The land appears to have been part treatments along the important within the of the historic settlement of the town north east side of the boundary conservation area which has since contracted. Lower High Street, treatment along boundary. Archaeologically significant as corresponding to the the road on the undisturbed land with archaeological Archaeological southern approach potential for post-medieval or earlier Notification Area (ANA) to the town. settlement evidence (building platforms boundary. have been recorded).Visually significant boundary hedge on the approach to the town. WAD8 Inclusion of the area Historic properties No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.3 and 2.1. from Wesley House at Stone Cross. testing is to include The buildings at Stone Cross are of along the Lower High within the historic and architectural significance Street to Stone Cross to conservation area and represent the southern extent of the include Stone Cross boundary. town. The buildings also have a visual Cottages and Stone presence on the approach to the High Cross Farm. Street from the south. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)? WAD9 Exclusion of Crittle's Modern Yes Preferred option for This is a modern development and does Court and the houses development on testing is to exclude not contribute to the conservation area. along Townslands Road the periphery of from the Does not meet criteria 1.1, 1.2 2.2 or to the rear of the the conservation conservation area. 2.3. buildings on the south area boundary. west of the High Street. WAD10 Slight boundary change Modern Yes Preferred option for This is a modern development and does to the south west of the development on testing is to exclude not contribute to the conservation area. Lower High Street to the periphery of from the Does not meet criteria 1.1, 1.2 2.2 or exclude 1 and 2 Police the conservation conservation area. 2.3. Station adjacent to area boundary. Uplands College. WAD11 Slight boundary change Modern Yes Preferred option for This is a modern development and does to the north east of the development on testing is to exclude not contribute to the conservation area. Lower High Street to the periphery of from the Does not meet criteria 1.1, 1.2 2.2 or exclude 1 and 2 Pipers the conservation conservation area. 2.3. Close. area boundary. WAD12 Exclusion of Kingsley Modern Yes Preferred option for This is a modern development and does Court to the north east development on testing is to exclude not contribute to the conservation area. Wealden LocalPlan of the Lower High the periphery of from the Does not meet criteria 1.1, 1.2 2.2 or Street, but retaining the the conservation conservation area. 2.3. street frontage and area boundary. boundary treatments. WAD13 Slight boundary change Modern Yes Preferred option for This is a modern development and does to the north east of the development on testing is to exclude not contribute to the conservation area.

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)? Lower High Street to the periphery of from the Does not meet criteria 1.1, 1.2 2.2 or exclude Russetts, but the conservation conservation area. 2.3. retain the street frontage area boundary. and boundary treatments. WAD14 Inclusion of Wadhurst Historic property No Preferred option is Although the house and grounds meet Castle. and parkland on not to include and the selection criteria in terms of the merit the edge of the therefore, no of the built form (1.1) and is an historic town. change to property and grounds (2.2), it was boundary of the planned to be, and continues to be, conservation area detached from the town and so does not is recommended. have a direct relationship with the town (1.2, 2.3, 2.4) or visual presence (1.3). The house is listed and the grounds re a registered park and garden, which is a more appropriate means of protection and management in this instance. WAD15 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area in alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a Wadhurst. consideration. reasonable duty on every Local Planning Authority alternative. to determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)? The parts of the village of Wadhurst identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 23, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area. WAD16 To make no changes to This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and the existing alternative for This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a conservation area consideration reasonable duty on every Local Planning Authority boundary. alternative. from time to time to review the past exercise of functions under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a Wealden LocalPlan conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest.Therefore, the reappraisal must

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)? consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Wadhurst Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.25 Waldron

5.25.1 Introduction

5.25.1.1 Waldron is a village set within open countryside on the southern edge of the High Weald. The historic core of the village is centred around the War Memorial, the Star Inn public house and All Saints' Church. There has been little modern development in the village, with some small-scale modern development occurring outside the historic core on the peripheries of the village. The current designated conservation area boundary includes the historic extent of the village around the War Memorial, the Star Inn public house and All Saints' Church and extending a little way along the roads extending out from the core.

5.25.1.2 Waldron Conservation Area was originally designated in 1995. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.25.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.25.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.25.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(92) has demonstrated that Waldron has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(93).

5.25.2.2 The reappraisal of Waldron conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.25.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.25.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

92 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 93 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 265 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.25.2.5 There are four preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (94). For this reason it is proposed that these areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 24 below.

5.25.2.6 There are no identified options to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Waldron.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION:Waldron has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in four areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which is not included in the current designated area.

There are no options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: Inclusion of the recreation ground to the west of the village.

Option 2: Inclusion of Grove Cottage and Little Grove Cottage to the west of the village.

Option 3: Inclusion of Rose Cottage, Wheel Cottage and Rose Terrace to the north of the village.

Option 4: Slight boundary alteration to correct the boundary to Rafters and Tinker's Cottage and include the adjoining section of road into the village from the north east.

266 94 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.25.2.7 The map at Figure 24 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

267 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.25.3 Figure 24: Waldron

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5.25.4 Alternatives Considered

5.25.4.1 Table 25 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Waldron conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 25 Alternatives considered for Waldron.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

WDN1 Part of the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.4, 2.3 and 2.4. The historical testing is to include recreation ground was given to the village by development of within the Joseph Lucas of Foxhunt. He built Foxhunt Hall Inclusion of the the village and conservation area (now Lucas Memorial Hall) in 1906 in memory recreation ground visually boundary. of his wife and presented it to the village 1919, to the west of the significant. probably giving the recreational ground at the village. same time. It therefore has historical significance and is associated with the hall, which is already within the conservation area. It is also visually significant.

WDN2 Inclusion of Grove Part of the No Preferred option for Meet selection criteria 1.1, 1.3, 2.1 and 2.2.The Cottage and Little historic testing is to include houses are of historic and architectural Grove Cottage to development of within the significance and represent the historic boundary the west of the the village. conservation area of the village and are visually significant on the village. boundary. western approach into the village.

WDN3 Inclusion of Rose Part of the No Preferred option for Meet selection criteria 1.1, 1.3, 2.1 and 2.2.The Cottage, Wheel historic testing is to include houses are of historic and architectural Cottage and Rose development of within the significance and represent the historic boundary Terrace to the the village. conservation area of the village and are visually significant on the north of the village. boundary. northern approach into the village. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

WDN4 Slight boundary Part of the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 2.2 and 2.4. Clarifies the alteration to correct historic testing is to include location of the conservation area boundary to the boundary to development of within the include the property boundaries where they are Rafters and the village. conservation area currently bisected by the conservation area Tinker's Cottage boundary. boundary and includes the historic route into the and include the village at this point. adjoining section of road into the village from the north east.

WDN5 Inclusion of the Historic moated No Preferred option is Although the former moated sites are of historical moated site to the site of not to include and significance (1.2), the site appears to have north of the village. archaeological therefore, no historically been, and continues to be, detached interest. change to from the village core and instead is considered boundary of the part of the wider landscape. The sites do not conservation area have a direct relationship with the village (1.2, is recommended. 2.3, 2.4) or visual presence (1.3).

WDN6 Inclusion of the Historic moated No Preferred option is Although the former moated sites are of historical

moated site to the site of to include within the significance (1.2), the site appears to have Wealden LocalPlan north of the village. archaeological conservation area historically been, and continues to be, detached interest. boundary. from the village core and instead is considered part of the wider landscape. The sites do not have a direct relationship with the village (1.2, 2.3, 2.4) or visual presence (1.3).

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

WDN7 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation conservation area alternative for This is not a Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local in Waldron. consideration. reasonable Planning Authority to determine which parts of alternative. their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Waldron identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 24, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

WDN8 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation changes to the alternative for This is not a Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local existing consideration reasonable Planning Authority from time to time to review conservation area alternative. the past exercise of functions under section 69 boundary. and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Waldron Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden LocalPlan

273 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.26 Withyham

5.26.1 Introduction

5.26.1.1 Withyham Conservation Area was originally designated in 1995. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.26.1.2 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.26.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.26.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(95) has concluded that Withyham has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(96).

5.26.2.2 The reappraisal of Withyham conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.26.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full in this section.

5.26.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, a number of preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.26.2.5 There are five preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. These options have been included within the character appraisal. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (97). For this reason it is proposed that these five areas

95 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 96 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 274 97 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map of the conservation area in Figure 25 below.

5.26.2.6 There are no options identified to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Withyham.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Withyham has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in five areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas and buildings of heritage significance, and areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which are not included in the current designated area.

There are no options identified for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: To include Hewkins Bridge and the B2110, incorporating boundary hedge/trees on the northern side, up to the current conservation area boundary adjacent to the Village Hall.

Option 2:To include the church car park and the three bay open cartshed with attached store to the northeast of Rectory Cottage.

Option 3: To include land comprising a small area of field between Forge Cottage and the Garage, north of the B2110.

Option 4: To include land to the south of the B2110, east of the access track to Buckhurst Park, north of the cricket ground, and west of the Medway River tributary.

Option 5: To include the access track to Old Buckhurst between the B2110 and the southern boundary of Hewkins.

5.26.2.7 The map at Figure 25 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for identified above. 275 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.26.3 Figure 25: Withyham

276 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

5.26.4 Alternatives Considered

5.26.4.1 Table 26 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Withyham conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 26 Alternatives considered for Withyham.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

WYM1 To include Adjoins current No Preferred option Meets selection criteria 2.3 and 2.4 and would Hewkins Bridge conservation area for testing is to enhance the significance of the conservation and the B2110, and is part of the include within the area. incorporating historical conservation area boundary development of the boundary. hedge/trees on the village. The Parish northern side, up Council also to the current suggested conservation area extending the boundary adjacent current to the Village Hall. conservation area to include Hewkins Bridge.

WYM2 To include the Adjoins the current No Preferred option Meets selection criteria 1.4, 2.3 and 2.4. church car park conservation area for testing is to Forms the immediate setting to the church and the three bay and forms the include within the and also includes an historic agricultural open cartshed with setting to the conservation area ancillary rural building worthy of inclusion in attached store to church. boundary. the boundary. the northeast of Rectory Cottage.

WYM3 To include land Adjoins the current No Preferred option Meets selection criteria 2.2 and 2.3 as the comprising a small conservation area for testing is to land forms the immediate setting to built form area of field and forms the include within the within the current conservation area boundary.There is a strong visual relationship Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

between Forge setting to Forge conservation area between this additional land and building and Cottage and the Cottage and boundary. the built form within the current conservation Garage, north of attached area boundary, and therefore, forms a the B2110. outbuilding. significant part of the historic setting.

WYM4 To include land to Research has No Preferred option Meets selection criteria 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 due the south of the demonstrated that for testing is to to the identified historic social use within this B2110, east of the this area was include within the area and also forms a significant open setting access track to formerly the Fair conservation area to this part of the village. Buckhurst Park, Field in medieval boundary. north of the cricket times. The land ground, and west adjoins the current of the Medway conservation area River tributary. and forms an important open setting to the historic development in this part of the village.

WYM5 To include the This track allows No Preferred option Meets selection criteria 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 as Wealden LocalPlan access track to access to this part for testing is to this forms part of the original access into this Old Buckhurst of the village from include within the part of the village, including the church. between the the B2110 and is conservation area B2110 and the integral to the use boundary. southern boundary of the area. of Hewkins.

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

WYM6 To include the This land forms the No Preferred option Although it could be argued that this remainder of The landscape is not to include alternative would meet selection criteria 2.4 Knoll incorporating backdrop to the and therefore, no as this part of The Knoll forms an integral part land to the north church, as well as change to the of the setting of the village and has also and east of the to the area of the conservation area topographically influenced the development church, down to village around the boundary is of the village, the land is not immediately the access track to Dorset Arms. recommended. associated with any of the historic buildings, Buckhurst Park. nor appears to have had a former historic social use in relation to the settlement. Therefore it is noteworthy as the important open landscape setting only, important in terms of wider planning policy considerations in relation to the setting of the heritage asset, and has been marked on the appraisal map accordingly.

WYM7 To include land to This land forms the No Preferred option Although it could be argued that this the west of the open landscape is not to include alternative would meet selection criteria 2.4 access track to the setting to the west and therefore, no as this part of landscape forms an integral church and of the church and change to the part of the setting of the village, the land is rectory, as far as rectory. conservation area not immediately associated with any of the the river. boundary is historic buildings within this part of the village, recommended. nor appears to have had a former historic social use in relation to the settlement. Therefore it is noteworthy as the important open landscape setting only, important in terms of wider planning policy considerations Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

in relation to the setting of the heritage asset, and has been marked on the appraisal map accordingly.

WYM8 To include the two These structures No Not a reasonable These features are related to the river pill box structures are an important alternative. crossing at Hewkins Bridge and formed part and tank pimples part of the military of the WW2 defences in the area. The to the west of history of the defences, although prominent, in relation to Hewkins Bridge. landscape in this the pillbox on the hillside, do not directly relate area. to the historic development of the village, and although are notable as part of the history of the landscape in this area, would not meet the selection criteria for inclusion within the boundary of the Conservation Area.

WYM9 To include This is a medieval No Preferred option Although it could be argued that this Duckings and farmstead located is not to include alternative would meet selection criteria 1.1, associated to the northeast of and therefore, no 1.4 due to the historic significance of the buildings. the village with change to the farmstead and survival of important historic connections to the conservation area buildings, it would not meet selection criteria

Sackville Family of boundary is 2.3 or 2.4 as the site does not form an integral Wealden LocalPlan Buckhurst Park. recommended. part of the setting of the village due to the isolation of the farmstead to the northeast, and the intervening substantial woodland area, which allows no inter visibility between the settlement and farmstead.

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Existing - Testing for Options and Recommendations 5 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of CA(1)?

WYM10 Not to have a This is an Yes Not The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area alternative for recommended. Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty in Withyham. consideration. This is not a on every Local Planning Authority to reasonable determine which parts of their area are areas alternative. of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Withyham identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 25, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

WYM11 To make no This is an Yes Not The Planning (Listed Buildings and changes to the alternative for recommended. Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty existing consideration This is not a on every Local Planning Authority from time conservation area reasonable to time to review the past exercise of functions boundary. alternative. under section 69 and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Withyham Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden LocalPlan

283 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.27 Willingdon, Church Street

5.27.1 Introduction

5.27.1.1 Willingdon is a village at the foot of the South Downs. The village was an isolated settlement, but is now on the edge of the urban extension of Eastbourne. The boundary between Wealden District Council and Eastbourne Borough Council extends through Willingdon and the Eastbourne Wish Hill conservation area adjoins that of Wealden. The current conservation area extends along the western half of Church Street and includes St. Mary's Church, The Hoo and the public house. Most of the modern development in the village has occurred outside the historic core.

5.27.1.2 Willingdon Conservation Area was originally designated in 1977. A re-appraisal has taken place in accordance with the approved Methodology, to re-evaluate the quality and consistency of the current conservation area, including a review of the boundary.The quality of buildings and features have been carefully assessed to identify the contribution (or otherwise) that they make to the character of the current conservation area.

5.27.1.3 This has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding future designation of the conservation area and any options for change that may be identified to the currently designated area should a conservation area be retained.

5.27.2 Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing

5.27.2.1 The reappraisal of the current conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(98) has demonstrated that Willingdon has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the historic core. It merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(99).

5.27.2.2 The reappraisal of Willingdon conservation area has allowed the reconsideration of the boundary of the present designated area and has provided the opportunity to consider options to either extend the boundary to include new areas on the edge of the existing conservation area and/or to remove elements of the existing conservation area where the character or significance may have been changed through modern development.

5.27.2.3 All alternatives considered for alteration of the current conservation area boundary, including the addition or exclusion of land and buildings, are outlined in full within this section.

5.27.2.4 Through the consideration of alternatives, preferred options for testing have been identified to alter the conservation area boundary that could help to ensure that the significance of the heritage asset is sustained and enhanced for the future.

5.27.2.5 There are two preferred options for testing to extend the current conservation area boundary. Inclusion of this additional land will help ensure that the significance of

98 (See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4) 284 99 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

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the area and historic development of the settlement is properly understood in order to identify the character and/or appearance that is of significance to preserve or enhance, as required by The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. It will also help to ensure that new development within or on the edge of the future designated conservation area makes a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness and will help to better reveal the significance of the asset (100). For this reason it is proposed that these areas be added to the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 26 below.

5.27.2.6 There are two preferred options for testing to exclude land and buildings within the current conservation area boundary.These areas are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria. For this reason it is proposed that these areas are removed from the conservation area, as shown in the map at Figure 26 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that the current conservation area designation be retained for Willingdon.

REASONS FOR CONTINUED DESIGNATION: Willingdon has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development on the conservation area and it merits continued designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

It is recommended that options be considered to extend the current conservation area in two areas, where the current appraisal has identified areas that provide a significant contribution to the immediate setting, which is not included in the current designated area.

There are two options recommended for exclusion of land or buildings within the current conservation area boundary, where the current appraisal has identified areas that are not considered to contribute to the historic character of the conservation area or have heritage significance that would warrant their inclusion in the conservation area when assessed against the selection criteria.

Preferred Options for Testing To Extend The Conservation Area Boundary

Option 1: Inclusion of the green space between Willingdon Memorial Hall and the A22 containing the village sign and War Memorial.

Option 2: Inclusion of the eastern half of Church Street to include the historic

farmsteads and earlier 20th century extension to the village. - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

100 NPPF, Chapter 12, paras 126 and 137 285 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Preferred Options for Testing To Exclude Land and Buildings Within The Current Conservation Area Boundary

Option 3: Exclusion of the modern houses on The Croft on the north of the conservation area.

Option 4: Slight boundary change to remove land where the conservation area does not follow the property boundary to St. Mary's churchyard.

5.27.2.7 The map at Figure 26 shows the current designated conservation area boundary, along with the preferred options for testing for change, shown numbered, identified above.

286 Wealden Local Plan

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5.27.3 Figure 26: Willingdon, Church Street Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas Testing 5 Recommendations and Options for

287 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 5 Recommendations and Options for Testing - Existing Areas 5.27.4 Alternatives Considered

5.27.4.1 Table 27 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) to change the existing boundary to Willingdon, Church Street conservation area; the reason for consideration; and whether the land or buildings are currently inside or outside of the current designated boundary; the recommendation as to whether the boundary should be changed; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for change as shown in the previous recommendations and as the preferred options for testing on the accompanying map.

288 Table 27 Alternatives considered for Willingdon Church Street.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Consideration part of CA(1)?

WGN1 Inclusion of the Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.2, 1.3, 2.3 and 2.4. green space historic and testing is to include The green verge makes a visual contribution on between topographical within the entering the conservation area from the A22 and Willingdon boundary conservation area provides some green relief from the busy road. Memorial Hall and between the boundary. The War Memorial and village sign are of the A22 village and architectural merit and of socially historic containing the Horselunges importance. They are also visually important village sign and Manor and when viewing and/or entering Church Street War Memorial. visually from the A22. significant.

WGN2 Inclusion of the Represents the No Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1 and eastern half of historic and testing is to include 2.3 and would enhance the significance of the Church Street to topographical within the heritage asset. Some of the buildings along include the boundary of the conservation area Church Street are earlier and are shown on the historic village and boundary. Tithe map and early OS maps, representing farmsteads and visually historical development of two farmsteads on the earlier 20th significant. The north side of Church Street. The earlier 20th

century extension Parish Council century houses along Church Street are of Wealden LocalPlan to the village. have also historic and architectural significance and suggested demonstrate a contiguous relationship with the inclusion of this village and a high quality extension to the village area. in the earlier 20th century, which is still considered part of the village but with its own separate character. Willingdon appears to be associated with a number of architects at this

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period, with works appearing in Country Life magazine in the 1920s and 30s.Whilst this area was considered in the 1977 appraisal but not carried froward, it meets the current selection criteria based on up-to-date standards and approaches.

WGN3 Exclusion of the Part of the Yes Preferred option for This is a modern development and does not modern houses historic testing is to exclude contribute to the conservation area. Does not on The Croft on development of the conservation meet criteria 1.1, 1.2 2.2 or 2.3. the north of the the village. area boundary. conservation area.

WGN4 Slight boundary Conservation Yes Preferred option for Does not meet criteria 2.2 and clarifies the change to remove area boundary testing is to exclude location of the conservation area boundary to land where the does not follow from the exclude land where the conservation area conservation area property conservation area boundary does not follow the churchyard does not follow boundary. boundary. boundary. the property boundary to St. Mary's churchyard.

WGN5 Inclusion of Historic property No Preferred option is Although the house meets the selection criteria Haystoun House. close to Church not to include within in terms of the merit of the built form (1.1), the Street. the conservation house is detached from the village and this is area boundary. further emphasised by the modern development Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

in and between the grounds and the village.The house does not have a direct relationship with the village (1.2, 2.3, 2.4) or visual presence (1.3). The house is listed, which is a more appropriate means of protection and management in this instance.

WGN6 Not to have a This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation conservation area alternative for This is not a Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local in Willingdon, consideration. reasonable Planning Authority to determine which parts of Church Street. alternative. their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(2) The parts of the village of Willingdon in Church Street identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 26, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant Wealden LocalPlan designation as a conservation area.

WGN7 To make no This is an Yes Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation changes to the alternative for This is not a Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local existing consideration reasonable Planning Authority from time to time to review alternative.

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conservation area the past exercise of functions under section 69 boundary. and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and, if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly. (3) The NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127, requires Local Planning Authorities to ensure that a conservation area justifies its status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest.Therefore, the reappraisal must consider both whether further parts should be designated, or alternatively whether parts should be removed. The reappraisal of the Willingdon, Church Street Conservation Area, under the criteria agreed with Historic England, has demonstrated that alterations to the current designated conservation area boundary are warranted and meet with the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria.

1. Conservation Area 2. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) 3. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(2) Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas

6.1 Introduction

6.1.1 The NPPF requires Local Planning Authorities to set out a positive strategy for the conservation and enjoyment of the historic environment(101). Designation of an area as a conservation area seeks to identify the significance of the historic character and qualities of the area; to ensure that new development respects the significance of the special character of the area; to ensure that the historic and architectural features are preserved; and to understand the significance of the setting of the conservation area.

6.1.2 Every conservation area has its own distinctive character and a strong sense of place. This character is made up from the topography, historic development, current uses and features, buildings, paths, lanes, hedges, trees, place names and open spaces. Understanding this unique character, including the social and economic background, is the starting point for the management of the conservation area, in order to sustain and enhance its significance in the future.

6.1.3 Criteria within the Conservation Area Appraisals Background Paper (102)has been used when considering potential new conservation areas.

Criteria for Selection of Areas

1.1 The majority of the built form has some strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit relating to age, design, choice of materials, planform, etc.

1.2 The area represents an important phase in the historic development of the settlement.

1.3 The built form, as a group, makes an important visual contribution to the settlement.

1.4 The area has a distinctive character derived from its historic pattern of land uses.

Criteria for Selection of Boundaries

2.1 Edges of original settlements, based on archival material and on-site survey;

2.2 Historic property and field boundaries; Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

101 NPPF, Chapter 12, paragraph 126 102 Conservation Area Appraisals Background Paper, Chapter 4- Methodology for the designation of Conservation Areas in Wealden District (Attached at Appendix 1) 293 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 2.3 The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open spaces or landscaping, including historic research on the development of the settlement and the significance of planform;

2.4 Topographical features which form an integral part of the setting of the historic built environment, to include historical research of why the settlement development within the associated landscape.

6.1.4 Assessment against this criteria has allowed a recommendation to be made regarding the designation of new conservation areas.

6.1.5 For the identification of potential new conservation areas, a desktop exercise was undertaken to consider all settlements within the District currently without a conservation area, to include areas of contiguous built form which may not necessarily constitute a town or village. This desktop exercise was based on officer knowledge of the District, including previous planning applications and pre-application enquiries, and consultation with the Parish/Town Councils and Local History Amenity Societies (see Chapter 8). Along with necessary preliminary historic research, including map regression exercises, a shortlist of potential new Areas was identified to include the following:

Table 28 Additional areas considered

Arlington Bells Yew Green Hooe, incorporating , Blackboys Russell Green and Broadstreet Green Boreham Street Chalvington Laughton Lower Horsebridge Coggins Mill Mark Cross Cowbeech Maynards Green Muddles Green Crowborough - Chapel Green Durgates Nutley Eridge Green and The Forstal Pell Green Piltdown Five Ashes Punnets Town Foxhunt Green, Waldron Rotherfield - Town Row Sparrows Green, Wadhurst Gun Hill, Chiddingly Splaynes Green Upper Dicker Hankham Upper Horsebridge 294 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

Heathfield - High Street and Station Wannock Road Warbleton Heathfield - Tilsmore Area Wartling - Gardner Street, Chapel Windmill Hill Row and old Herstmonceux

6.1.6 A visit was made to each of the potential new areas to ascertain whether they met the criteria for Selection of Areas(103). The recommendation for future designation or non-designation within this chapter and chapter 7 are based on this selection criteria.

6.1.7 Those recommended for designation are the following:

Arlington Boreham Street Chalvington Coggins Mill Cowbeech Eridge Green and The Forstal Five Ashes Muddles Green Pell Green Splaynes Green Warbleton Wartling

6.1.8 The following sections provide a summary of each of the 12 potential new conservation areas, identifying recommendations, and preferred options for testing for a new conservation area boundary and this is accompanied by a map showing the preferred boundary.

6.1.9 A table summarising the alternatives that have been considered when undertaking the exercise to identify the boundary of potential new conservation areas and recommendations for their future designation, accompanies the recommendations for each area.

6.1.10 The other areas appraised were not considered to meet the criteria and reasons are provided in Chapter 7.

6.2 Arlington

6.2.1 Introduction

6.2.1.1 Arlington is situated on a minor road off the A27 between and Lewes, Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for in close proximity to Berwick Station. Arlington is a small hamlet which has developed around a historic core centred on the cross roads and to the west around the church.

103 See Chapter 4 295 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas There is archaeological evidence to suggest that the village was once larger and extended into the field to the west of the Church and down to the river. There is currently no conservation area designated in any part of the settlement.

6.2.1.2 The historic core of the village of Arlington centred around the road junction and on St Pancras Church has not altered significantly through the intrusion of modern development. The majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the village. The buildings and associated curtilages are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The historic field boundaries are still visible and the relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. Archaeological evidence exists to demonstrate the importance of the land between the church and river as an area of former wider settlement within the village. The character of the village maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features.

6.2.2 Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing

6.2.2.1 Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities to designate as conservation areas any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

6.2.2.2 The appraisal of Arlington as a potential new conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(104) has concluded that the village warrants designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(105).

6.2.2.3 Through the consideration of alternatives, a preferred option for testing for a boundary of a conservation area at Arlington has been identified and is shown on Figure 27. All alternatives considered for the boundary of a new conservation area at Arlington are outlined in full in Table 29 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that a conservation area be designated for Arlington.

REASONS FOR RECOMMENDED DESIGNATION: Arlington has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development and it merits designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

PREFERRED OPTION FOR TESTING FOR BOUNDARY: It is recommended that the boundary incorporates the following buildings and associated land; roads and roadside verge/boundaries; and open space:-

Yew Tree Farmhouse and adjoining land to the north and east; The Yew Tree Inn PH, outbuildings, car park and garden; Woodhorne Manor;

104 See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4 296 105 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

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Tudor Cottage; Yew Tree Cottage; Chesslands; Robins Nest and associated land to the south, including the treed and hedged roadside boundary; Village Hall, accesses and car park area; Corner House; Benedicts and The Old School; Cuckmere Cottage, Stream Cottage; St Pancras Church and churchyard; Land to the south of The Old School and Benedicts, up to and including the stream and associated treed boundary; Land to the south, west and north of St Pancras Church; The barn and attached walled farmyard to the northwest of St Pancras Church and associated immediate agricultural land. The associated parts of The Street, and Tye Hill Lane,

The map at Figure 27 shows the preferred option for testing for a conservation area boundary at Arlington. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

297 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.2.3 Figure 27: Arlington

298 Wealden Local Plan

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6.2.4 Alternatives Considered

6.2.4.1 Table 29 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) for a preferred option for testing for a boundary for a new conservation area at Arlington; the reason for consideration; the recommendation as to whether the alternative should be incorporated within the boundary; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for inclusion within the conservation area and associated boundary as shown on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

299

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas New - Testing for Options and Recommendations 6 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 29 Alternatives considered for Arlington.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration

ARL1 To include the land and This area forms the Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, properties described in historic core of the village. testing is for this 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4. he historic core of the village the preferred option for The area also falls within land and buildings of Arlington centred around the road junction testing for a boundary the wider area suggested to form the and on St Pancras Church has not altered of a conservation area by the Parish Council for conservation area significantly through the intrusion of modern at Arlington. consideration. and associated development. The majority of the built form boundary. retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the village. The remaining buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The historic field boundaries are still visible and the relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of village maintains it rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features. Therefore, it is considered that the area described meets the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries and warrants designation as a conservation area.

ARL2 To include Copyhold Forms part of the more Not to include in This area of historic built form lies in a and Copyhold Cottages historic outlying the boundary of the relatively isolated position to the south of the on The Street to the development to the south proposed main core of the village, with little inter-visibility south of the core of the of the settlement. conservation area. between the two areas, therefore, they do not village. make a significant visual contribution to the Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations historic core of the settlement as required by criteria 1.3. There are historic buildings which have strong architectural or historic merit (criteria 1.1), but with the lack of visual association to the main core, it is not considered that this area meets the overall criteria for Selection of Areas and does not warrant inclusion in the proposed conservation area designation at Arlington.

ARL3 To include the property Forms part of the late 20th Not a reasonable Although this building is part of the linear Crowbore on Tye Hill century development of alternative, development of the village on Tye Hill Lane, Lane. the village, therefore it does not meet the Selection of Area criteria recommendation is and is therefore, not a reasonable alternative. not to include in the boundary of the proposed conservation area.

ARL4 Beyond the proposed The larger area has been Not a reasonable There are isolated buildings within this area in the preferred proposed by the Parish alternative, surrounding landscape that have architectural option for testing, an Council with the reasons therefore merit, however, the buildings are remote from Wealden LocalPlan alternative to extend the that the fields to the west recommendation is the historic core of Arlington village. The proposed conservation offer views of the church; not to include in the surrounding landscape still reflects much of area to include all the that Abbotts Wood is an boundary of the the pattern of field boundaries and routeways land up to the river important feature proposed shown on the Tithe Map, but this is part of the Cuckmere to the west, determining the linear conservation area. wider landscape setting to the historic village. abutting the reservoir; nature of the early A wider area would not meet the Selection of to the east, the settlement at Caneheath, Area criteria for defining a specific area for

301 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas New - Testing for Options and Recommendations 6 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration

boundary would run as well as being a nature designation as a conservation area and along the side of reserve, and provides a therefore is not considered to be a reasonable Abbotts Wood; to the historic woodland setting alternative. south, the boundary for the grade II listed would be defined by the public house, the Old Oak existing road and the Inn, and the nearby parish boundary; to the houses and farms. In the north, the boundary south, the land would would run along the allow an area of Roman Cuckmere to include remains at the southern the woodland, and extent to be included and also the agricultural fields some of the many beyond which provide the footpaths that run village's rural setting. through the fields. To the north, the land offers views of the South Downs and the ancient church of Arlington.

ARL5 Not to have a This is an alternative for Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and conservation area in consideration. This is not a Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty Arlington. reasonable on every Local Planning Authority to determine alternative. which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(1) The parts of Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations the village of Arlington identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 27, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

1. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) Wealden LocalPlan

303 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.3 Boreham Street

6.3.1 Introduction

6.3.1.1 Boreham Street is a village in the High Weald situated on the ridgetop route from Ninfield to Hailsham road. Boreham Street is a small linear settlement and historic development has been focused along the main road through the village. There is currently no conservation area designated in any part of the settlement.

6.3.1.2 The historic core of the village extends along the main ridgetop road and has not altered significantly through the intrusion of modern development. The majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the village. The remaining buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features.

6.3.2 Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing

6.3.2.1 Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as conservation areas any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

6.3.2.2 The appraisal of Boreham Street as a potential new conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(106) has concluded that the village warrants designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(107).

6.3.2.3 Through the consideration of alternatives, a preferred option for testing for a boundary of a conservation area at Boreham Street has been identified and is shown in Figure 28. All alternatives considered for the boundary of a new conservation area at Boreham Street are outlined in full in Table 30 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that a conservation area be designated for Boreham Street.

REASONS FOR RECOMMENDED DESIGNATION: Boreham Street has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development and it merits designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

PREFERRED OPTION FOR TESTING FOR BOUNDARY: It is recommended that the boundary incorporates the following buildings and associated land; roads and roadside verge/boundaries; and open space:-

106 See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4 304 107 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

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The main High Street in Boreham Street between and including: Scolfes, Post Office Cottage, Japonica Cottage, Kingswell, Yew Tree Cottage, 1-2 Sunnyside, Chestnut Tree, The Forge, Boreham House, The New House, Preston Farm, The Limes and The Coach House on the north side; and The Bulls Head public house, the garage, Boreham Street Farm and Barn, Boreham Farm Cottage, The Oast, The Smugglers Wheel, Boreham Farm, The Baldocks, Camelot, Willow Cottage, Fern Cottage and Aldersyde on the southern side;

Boreham Lane including: Hollies Farmhouse on the western side; and Staravon, The Cottage, Harts Cottage, Alma House, Rosebank Cottage and Clematis Cottages on the eastern side.

The map at Figure 28 shows the preferred option for testing for a conservation area boundary at Boreham Street. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

305 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.3.3 Figure 28: Boreham Street

306 Wealden Local Plan

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6.3.4 Alternatives Considered

6.3.4.1 Table 30 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) for a preferred option for testing for a boundary for a new conservation area at Boreham Street; the reason for consideration; the recommendation as to whether the alternative should be incorporated within the boundary; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for inclusion within the conservation area and associated boundary as shown on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

307

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas New - Testing for Options and Recommendations 6 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 30 Alternatives considered for Boreham Street.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration

BST1 To include the land This area forms Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and and properties the historic core testing is for this land 2.4. The historic core of the village of Boreham Street described in the of the village. and buildings to form extends along the ridge top route giving the village its name preferred option for the conservation and has not altered significantly through the intrusion of testing for a area and associated modern development. The majority of the built form retains boundary of a boundary. a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing conservation area at to a high visual character of the village. The remaining Boreham Street. buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The historic field boundaries are still visible and the relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains it rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features. Therefore, it is considered that the area described meets the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries and warrants designation as a conservation area.

BST2 To include The Cluster of Not a reasonable Although the properties meet the selection criteria in terms White Friars, historic alternative, therefore of the merit of the built form (1.1), the buildings appears Benbrigge House, buildings to the recommendation is detached from the village core and are instead considered Byways, Mulberry north west of not to include in the part of the wider landscape of dispersed historic properties Tree Cottage and the village. boundary of the and lanes that extend around the Wealden villages. The Jarretts Farm. proposed buildings have been encroached upon by modern conservation area. development, which erodes their character as a group. The historic properties are grade II listed, which is a more Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations appropriate means of protection and management in this instance.

BST3 Not to have a This is an Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) conservation area in alternative for This is not a Act 1990 places a duty on every Local Planning Authority Boreham Street. consideration. reasonable to determine which parts of their area are areas of special alternative. architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(1) The parts of the village of Boreham Street identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 28, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

1. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) Wealden LocalPlan

309 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.4 Chalvington

6.4.1 Introduction

6.4.1.1 Chalvington is situated within the Low Weald within a centuriated Roman landscape, with the village of Ripe located close by to the west. It is a small hamlet which has developed around the crossroads of the old Roman Road to Ripe and is located on an ancient north south routeway. Some of the historic core remains, including the church, although the village would once have been larger, with additional buildings in the vicinity of Church Farm shown on historic maps. Very little modern development has taken place within the core of the settlement. There is currently no conservation designated in any part of the settlement, however, there is a designated area around Ripe and Eckington Corner to the west.

6.4.1.2 The historic core of the village of Chalvington centred around the road junction and the church has not altered significantly through the intrusion of modern development. The majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the village.The remaining buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The historic field boundaries are still visible and the relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features.

6.4.2 Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing

6.4.2.1 Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as conservation areas any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

6.4.2.2 The appraisal of Chalvington as a potential new conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(108) has concluded that the village warrants designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(109).

6.4.2.3 Through the consideration of alternatives, a preferred option for testing for a boundary of a conservation area at Chalvington has been identified and is shown in Figure 29. All alternatives considered for the boundary of a new conservation area at Chalvington are outlined in full in Table 31 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that a conservation area be designated for Chalvington.

REASONS FOR RECOMMENDED DESIGNATION:Chalvington has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development and it merits designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

108 See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4 310 109 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

PREFERRED OPTION FOR TESTING FOR BOUNDARY: It is recommended that the boundary incorporates the following buildings and associated land; roads and roadside verge/boundaries; and open space:-

Church Lane: Manor Farm Church Farm Lane (West side): Chalvington Manor, Lovers Farmhouse,Manor Cottages, the Church and graveyard, the field to the west of the church, Old Church Rooms. Church Farm Lane (East side): Church Farm and farm buildings, the Rectory, Church Cottage. Poundfield Road: Lovers Farm, The Courtyard.

The map at Figure 29 shows the preferred option for testing for a conservation area boundary at Chalvington. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

311 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.4.3 Figure 29: Chalvington

312 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

6.4.4 Alternatives Considered

6.4.4.1 Table 31 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) for a preferred option for testing for a boundary for a new conservation area at Chalvington; the reason for consideration; the recommendation as to whether the alternative should be incorporated within the boundary; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for inclusion within the conservation area and associated boundary as shown on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

313

314

Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas New - Testing for Options and Recommendations 6 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 31 Alternatives considered for Chalvington.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration

CVG1 To include the land This area forms Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and properties the historic core testing is for this land and 2.4. The historic core of the village of Chalvington described in the of the village. and buildings to form centred around the road junction and the church has preferred option for the conservation area not altered significantly through the intrusion of modern testing for a and associated development. The majority of the built form retains a boundary of a boundary. strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, conservation area at contributing to a high visual character of the village. Chalvington. The remaining buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The historic field boundaries are still visible and the relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains it rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features. Therefore, it is considered that the area described meets the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries and warrants designation as a conservation area.

CVG2 To include Forms part of the Not a reasonable Although these buildings are part of the linear development along development of alternative, therefore development of the village along Poundfield Road they Poundfield Road to the village to the the recommendation do not meet the Selection of Area criteria 1.1, 1.2, and the east as far as east of the is not to include in the 1.3 and inclusion of this area is not a reasonable Poundfield Cottages crossroads. boundary of the alternative. The built form along Poundfield Road is proposed conservation remote from the historic core to the west. In addition, area. there has been significant erosion of architectural detail to some of the earlier 19th century buildings. Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CVG3 To include other Forms part of the Not a reasonable Although these buildings are part of the linear development along development of alternative, therefore development of the village along Church Lane they do Church Lane on the the village to the the recommendation not meet the Selection of Area criteria 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 north and south west of the is not to include in the and inclusion of this area is not a reasonable sides as far west as crossroads. boundary of the alternative. There has been substantial incursion of White Cottage. proposed conservation modern infill development along Church Lane which area. does not meet the Selection of Area critera.

CVG4 Not to have a This is an Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation conservation area in alternative for This is not a Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local Planning Chalvington. consideration. reasonable alternative. Authority to determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(1) The parts of the village of Chalvington identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 29, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area. Wealden LocalPlan

1. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1)

315 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.5 Coggins Mill

6.5.1 Introduction

6.5.1.1 Coggins Mill is an historic settlement within the High Weald to the north east of Mayfield. The hamlet is located along Coggins Mill Road near the crossing of a tributary of the river Rother. There is currently no conservation area designated in any part of the settlement.

6.5.1.2 The historic core of the hamlet is centred around three historic farmsteads that extended along Coggins Mill Road from Coggins Mill House (previously Hole Farm) to Andredsbourne (previoulsy Pococks Farm) and has not altered significantly through the intrusion of modern development. The majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the village. The remaining buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features.

6.5.2 Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing

6.5.2.1 Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as conservation areas any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

6.5.2.2 The appraisal of Coggins Mill as a potential new conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(110) has concluded that the village warrants designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(111).

6.5.2.3 Through the consideration of alternatives, a preferred option for testing for a boundary of a conservation area at Coggins Mill has been identified and is shown in Figure 30. All alternatives considered for the boundary of a new conservation area at Coggins Mill are outlined in full in Table 32 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that a conservation area be designated for Coggins Mill.

REASONS FOR RECOMMENDED DESIGNATION: Coggins Mill has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development and it merits designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

PREFERRED OPTION FOR TESTING FOR BOUNDARY: It is recommended that the boundary incorporates the following buildings and associated land; roads and roadside verge/boundaries; and open space:-

110 See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4 316 111 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

Coggins Mill Road from Coggins Mill House to Andredsbourne between and including: Coggins Mill House, Coggins Mill Oast, Coggins Mill Farm, Bridge Cottage, Old Owl, Coggins Mill Cottage, Coggins Mill, High Trees, The Mount, Holydene Cottage, Thursley Cottage, Wych Elm Cottage, Linnets and Andresbourne on the north side; and Heaven Cottage, Cottage Farm House, Mill House Farm, Coggins Mill Cottages, Freshfield House, Meadowbrook, Bassetts, Avery Mead, Spindlederry and White Chapel on the south side.

The map at Figure 30 shows the preferred option for testing for a conservation area boundary at Coggins Mill. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

317 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.5.3 Figure 30: Coggins Mill

318 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

6.5.4 Alternatives Considered

6.5.4.1 Table 32 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) for a preferred option for testing for a boundary for a new conservation area at Coggins Mill; the reason for consideration; the recommendation as to whether the alternative should be incorporated within the boundary; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for inclusion within the conservation area and associated boundary as shown on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

319

320

Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas New - Testing for Options and Recommendations 6 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 32 Alternatives considered for Coggins Mill

Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration

CML1 To include the This area forms the Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 land and historic core of the testing is for this and 2.4. The historic hamlet of Coggins Mill extends properties hamlet. The Parish land and buildings along Coggins Mill Road and has not altered significantly described in the Council and Mayfield to form the through the intrusion of modern development. The preferred option and Five Ashes conservation area majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic for testing for a Society have also and associated architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual boundary of a recommended the boundary. character of the hamlet. The remaining buildings are conservation area inclusion of Coggins primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late at Coggins Mill. Mill in a conservation 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The relationship area. between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the hamlet maintains it rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features. Therefore, it is considered that the area described meets the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries and warrants designation as a conservation area.

CML2 Not to have a This is an alternative Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) conservation area for consideration. This is not a Act 1990 places a duty on every Local Planning in Coggins Mill. reasonable Authority to determine which parts of their area are areas alternative. of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(1) The parts of the village of Coggins Mill identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 30, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

1. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) Wealden LocalPlan

321 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.6 Cowbeech

6.6.1 Introduction

6.6.1.1 Cowbeech is a village in the High Weald situated along the road from Hailsham where it forks to Rushlake Green and Trolliloes approximately 4 miles north east of Hailsham. Cowbeech is a small linear settlement and historic development has been focused along the main road through the village and the road fork. There is currently no conservation area designated in any part of the settlement.

6.6.1.2 The historic core of the village extends along the main ridgetop road and has not altered significantly through the intrusion of modern development. The majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the village. The remaining buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features.

6.6.2 Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing

6.6.2.1 Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as conservation areas any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

6.6.2.2 The appraisal of Cowbeech as a potential new conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(112) has concluded that the village warrants designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(113).

6.6.2.3 Through the consideration of alternatives, a preferred option for testing for a boundary of a conservation area at Cowbeech has been identified and is shown in Figure 31. All alternatives considered for the boundary of a new conservation area at Cowbeech are outlined in full in Table 33 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that a conservation area be designated for Cowbeech.

REASONS FOR RECOMMENDED DESIGNATION: Cowbeech has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development and it merits designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

PREFERRED OPTION FOR TESTING FOR BOUNDARY: It is recommended that the boundary incorporates the following buildings and associated land; roads and roadside verge/boundaries; and open space:-

112 See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4 322 113 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

The main road through Cowbeech and the western fork of the road towards Rushlake Green between and including: Merrier Harriers Barn, Merrier Harriers PH, The Two J's, Dunrobin, Old Forge and The Old Post Office on the western side; and Hollybank, Church Cottage, Chapel Cottage, Corner Cottages, Cowbeech House, The Coachhouse, Granary Cottage and Dalloway Cottages on the eastern side; The eastern fork of the road towards Trolliloes including:The Mill and Kerpser on the western side and Bimsells on the eastern side.

The map at Figure 31 shows the preferred option for testing for a conservation area boundary at Cowbeech. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

323 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.6.3 Figure 31: Cowbeech

324 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

6.6.4 Alternatives Considered

6.6.4.1 Table 33 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) for a preferred option for testing for a boundary for a new conservation area at Cowbeech; the reason for consideration; the recommendation as to whether the alternative should be incorporated within the boundary; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for inclusion within the conservation area and associated boundary as shown on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

325

326

Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas New - Testing for Options and Recommendations 6 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 33 Alternatives considered for Cowbeech.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration

CWB1 To include the This area forms preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and land and the historic core testing is for this land 2.4. The historic core of the village of Cowbeech is centred properties of the village. and buildings to form around the road junction that forks towards Rushlake Green described in the the conservation area and Trolliloes and has not altered significantly through the preferred option and associated intrusion of modern development. The majority of the built for testing for a boundary. form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, boundary of a contributing to a high visual character of the village. The conservation remaining buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe area at Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The Cowbeech. relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains it rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features. Therefore, it is considered that the area described meets the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries and warrants designation as a conservation area.

CWB2 To include Historic Farm to Not a reasonable Although the buildings meet the selection criteria in terms Cowbeech Farm. the south of the alternative, therefore of the merit of the built form (1.1), the farm appears detached village. recommendation is from the village core and is instead considered part of the not to include in the wider landscape of dispersed historic properties and lanes boundary of the that extend around the Wealden villages. There have been proposed modern buildings constructed along the road between the conservation area. farm and the village, which further detaches the farm from the historic core and visually separates it so that there is not intervisibility between the farm and village.The farm is grade Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations II listed, which is a more appropriate means of protection and management in this instance.

CWB3 Not to have a This is an Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act conservation alternative for This is not a 1990 places a duty on every Local Planning Authority to area in consideration. reasonable determine which parts of their area are areas of special Cowbeech. alternative. architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(1) The parts of the village of Cowbeech identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 31, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

1. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) Wealden LocalPlan

327 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.7 Eridge Green and The Forstal

6.7.1 Introduction

6.7.1.1 Eridge Green and The Forstal is an historic settlement within the High Weald between Tunbridge Wells and Crowborough. The majority of the village is located along the A26 road, but also includes the village hall and houses along the route of the old Eridge Green road to the east of the current road and the historic buildings along The Forstal. There is currently no conservation area designated in any part of the settlement.

6.7.1.2 The historic core of the village is centred around the row of houses along the A26 road, Holy Trinity Church and the Nevil, Crest and Gun public house, with the former village green on the opposite side of the road. The settlement also includes the historic farm and Estate cottages along The Forstal to the west of the main road. The majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the village, with the majority of the building constructed or remodelled as a planned model village by the Estate. The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features.

6.7.2 Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing

6.7.2.1 Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as conservation areas any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

6.7.2.2 The appraisal of Eridge Green and The Forstal as a potential new conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(114) has concluded that the village warrants designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(115).

6.7.2.3 Through the consideration of alternatives, a preferred option for testing for a boundary of a conservation area at Eridge Green and The Forstal has been identified and is shown in Figure 32. All alternatives considered for the boundary of a new conservation area at Eridge Green and The Forstal are outlined in full in Table 34 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that a conservation area be designated for Eridge Green and The Forstal.

REASONS FOR RECOMMENDED DESIGNATION: Eridge Green and The Forstal has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development and it merits designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

114 See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4 328 115 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

PREFERRED OPTION FOR CHANGE FOR BOUNDARY: It is recommended that the boundary incorporates the following buildings and associated land; roads and roadside verge/boundaries; and open space:-

The A26 main road through Eridge Green from the former gas works (Fluent Telecoms and IT Support) to Yew Tree House between and including: the former gas works (Fluent Telecoms and IT Support), Nevill Lodge, Estate Yard Cottage, Nettlestead, Eridge Cricket Ground, the former Village Green to the south west of the Cricket Ground, The Nevill, Crest and Gun public house, Warren House Cottage, Warren House, Holy Trinity Church, Church Lodge, Staircase Cottage, Wisteria Cottage, Beehive Cottage, Weathervane Cottage, Thatched Cottage, The Hollies and Yew Tree House; The route of the old Eridge Green road from Little Cottage to Pinehurst between and including: Little Cottage, The Old Inn, Chestnut Cottage, the Village Hall and Crown House; Warren Farm Lane between and including 1-6 Warren Farm Lane and the field between Warren Farm Lane and the A26 road; The Forstal from 1 The Forstall to Hamsell Wood Cottages between and including: 1-15 The Forstal, Eagles Ridge, Hamsell Wood Farm and Hamsell Wood Cottages.

The map at Figure 32 shows the preferred option for testing for a conservation area boundary at Eridge Green and The Forstal. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

329 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas

330 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

6.7.3 Figure 32: Eridge Green and The Forstal

Track

Track 82.9m

Track 86.8m

Track Track

100.2m Track Track Nevill Lodge

Path (u m)

A 26 104.5m

Issues Estate Yard Cottage

Nettlestead

108.5m

Track

Cricket Ground

Track

Issues Issues

3

Pavilion

Path (um)

Eridge Rocks

Track

Warren Drive Cottages

Pond The Nevill Crest and Gun

1 Issues

(PH) Path (um) 115.5m 2 Issues

Track 120.0m Warren Farm Track 106.1m 2 Path (um 1 )

Track Cattle Grid

Track Castle Cottages Pond

Warren House Cottage The Old Stables Eridge Green Mon Path (um) Warren House

Issues Pond The Gardens Cottage Holy Trinity Church

Pond

War Staircase Meml

Cottage

1 Track 5 Wistaria 103.7m 77.3m Cottage Cattle Grid The Warren WARREN FARM LANE Church Lodge Track Issues Beehive Path (um) Cottage

Pond Weathervane Cottage

Birchett's Wood Thatched Cottage The Hollies 114.3m 96.6m

Yew Tree Track House

Issues El Sub Sta

Path (um) Track

Track

Track Little Cottage

TCB 87.5m

The Old Inn

Chestnut Cottage

Hall 91.7m Pond

Track Pond Issues

Pond

Issues 6 Recommendations and Options - New Areas

85.3m

GP 78.1m

Track Cobbarn 92.2m Pond The Crown House Forstal

Edgefield Cottage Mill Wood Forge The Forstal Cottage

Eagles Ridge Police

House

4

Pond 9

14 2

15 7 1 12

LB Pinehurst Shelter

95.3m 99.1m Track 2 1 Hamsell Wood Cottages

Hamsell Wood 4 3 Cottages 73.2m Pond Forge Wood House Legend Holly Cottages Hamsell Wood A 26 Farm Shelter Recommended boundary for new Conservation Area GP Track Weir

71.0m Track Ivy 61.2m Cottage © Crown copyright and database rights 2015 Ordnance Survey 100018692. 2015 Ordnance rights and database © Crown copyright in any form. to third parties or sell any of this data sub-licence, distribute to copy, are not permitted You provided you with with, the organisation that you to respond to, or interact solely to enable the data. to use this data are permitted You Pond 331 Pond Steel Bridge Shaw Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options - New Areas

332 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

6.7.4 Alternatives Considered

6.7.4.1 Table 34 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) for a preferred option for testing for a boundary for a new conservation area at Eridge Green and the Forstal; the reason for consideration; the recommendation as to whether the alternative should be incorporated within the boundary; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for inclusion within the conservation area and associated boundary as shown on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

333

334

Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas New - Testing for Options and Recommendations 6 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 34 Alternatives considered for Eridge Green and The Forstal

Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration

EGF1 To include the land This area forms Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and and properties the historic core testing is for this 2.4. The historic core of the village of Eridge Green extends described in the of the village. land and buildings to along the ridge top route and has not altered significantly preferred option for form the through the intrusion of modern development. The majority testing for a conservation area of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or boundary of a and associated historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the conservation area boundary. village. The village was remodelled as a planned village by at Eridge Green the Eridge Park estate in the 1820s and added to and The Forstal. subsequently in the mid-later 19th century, which adds to the historical significance and architectural interest of the village. The Forstal was also developed as planned Estate cottages in the mid-later 19th century. The former village green lies to the east of the A26 road and the later 19th century cricket ground retains its original pavilion. The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of village and The Forstal maintains its rural nature with a strong Eridge Park Estate influence, with little incursion of modern boundary features. Therefore, it is considered that the area described meets the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries and warrants designation as a conservation area.

EGF2 To include Eridge Historic Estate Not a reasonable The house was demolished and rebuilt in 1938 and halved Park house and to the east of alternative, therefore in size in 1958 with subsequent alterations. It is detached parkland. the village. recommendation is from the village core and has a strong historical relationship not to include in the with the parkland setting and the wider Eridge Park Estate. boundary of the The house and park are therefore considered part of the Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations proposed wider landscape rather than the village. The parkland is a conservation area. grade II* designated historic park and garden and consists of 546ha, signifying the significance of the parkland as a separate entity to the village.

EGF3 Not to have a This is an Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act conservation area alternative for This is not a 1990 places a duty on every Local Planning Authority to in Eridge Green consideration. reasonable determine which parts of their area are areas of special and The Forstal alternative. architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(1) The parts of the village of Eridge Green and The Forstal identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 32, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

1. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) Wealden LocalPlan

335 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.8 Five Ashes

6.8.1 Introduction

6.8.1.1 Five Ashes is a village in the High Weald situated on the A267 road, approximately 3 miles to the south of Mayfield. Five Ashes has a small historic core centred around the War Memorial and crossroads close to the Five Ashes public house. There is currently no conservation area designated in any part of the settlement.

6.8.1.2 The historic core of the village is clustered around the crossroads by the War Memorial on the A267 and has not altered significantly through the intrusion of modern development. The majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the village.The remaining buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features.

6.8.2 Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing

6.8.2.1 Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as conservation areas any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

6.8.2.2 The appraisal of Five Ashes as a potential new conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(116) has concluded that the village warrants designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(117).

6.8.2.3 Through the consideration of alternatives, a preferred option for testing for a boundary of a conservation area at Five Ashes has been identified and is shown in Figure 33. All alternatives considered for the boundary of a new conservation area at Five Ashes are outlined in full in Table 35 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that a conservation area be designated for Five Ashes.

REASONS FOR RECOMMENDED DESIGNATION: Five Ashes has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development and it merits designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

PREFERRED OPTION FOR TESTING FOR BOUNDARY: It is recommended that the boundary incorporates the following buildings and associated land; roads and roadside verge/boundaries; and open space:-

116 See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4 336 117 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

The main road through Five Ashes between and including: Five Ashes C of E Primary School, Five Ashes PH, Waverley House, Abbots Cottage, Yew Tree Cottages, The Croft, Hekla, 1 & 2 Chapel Cottages, Rose Cottage and the row of Edwardian terraces (including the Old Post Office) on the western side; and the treed bank, Quoins Cottage, the Green and War Memorial, Inwoods Farm and The Granary on the eastern side; Leeds Lane including: Fir Cottages on the western side and the barn to Inwoods Farm on the eastern side. Spring Lane including Croft Barn.

The map at Figure 33 shows the preferred option for testing for a conservation area boundary at Five Ashes. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

337 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.8.3 Figure 33: Five Ashes

338 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

6.8.4 Alternatives Considered

6.8.4.1 Table 35 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) for a preferred option for testing for a boundary for a new conservation area at Five Ashes; the reason for consideration; the recommendation as to whether the alternative should be incorporated within the boundary; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for inclusion within the conservation area and associated boundary as shown on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

339

340

Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas New - Testing for Options and Recommendations 6 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 35 Alternatives considered for Five Ashes.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration

FVA1 To include the This area forms Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and land and the historic core testing is for this land 2.4. The historic core of the village of Five Ashes is centred properties of the village. and buildings to form around the small Green and War Memorial and has not described in the the conservation area altered significantly through the intrusion of modern preferred option and associated development. The majority of the built form retains a strong for testing for a boundary. intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high boundary of a visual character of the village. The remaining buildings are conservation area primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th at Five Ashes. century Ordnance Survey Maps. The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. Therefore, it is considered that the area described meets the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries and warrants designation as a conservation area.

FVA2 To include Leeds Historic Farm to Not a reasonable Although the buildings meet the selection criteria in terms Farm. the east of the alternative, therefore of the merit of the built form (1.1), the farm appears detached village. recommendation is from the village core and is instead considered part of the not to include in the wider landscape of dispersed historic properties and lanes boundary of the that extend around the Wealden villages. There has been proposed modern buildings constructed along the road between the conservation area. farm and the village, which further detaches the farm from the historic core and visually separates it so that there is not intervisibility between the farm and village.The farm is grade II listed, which is a more appropriate means of protection and management in this instance. Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations FVA3 Not to have a This is an Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act conservation area alternative for This is not a 1990 places a duty on every Local Planning Authority to in Five Ashes. consideration. reasonable determine which parts of their area are areas of special alternative. architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(1) The parts of the village of Five Ashes identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 33, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

1. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) Wealden LocalPlan

341 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.9 Muddles Green

6.9.1 Introduction

6.9.1.1 Muddles Green is situated approximately half a mile to the southeast of Chiddingly and is a small village. The core has developed in a linear manner along the roads and around the central triangle of land. Within the eastern part of the village, there has been little modern development with the historic planform of the settlement around the historic road layout still evident. There is currently no conservation area designated in any part of the settlement, however, there is a designated area around Chiddingly village to the northwest.

6.9.1.2 The historic core of the village of Muddles Green centred around the triangular area of land enclosed by the historic road layout, and along the east towards Farley Farm has not altered significantly through the intrusion of modern development. The majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of this part of the village. The buildings and associated curtilages are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The historic field boundaries are still visible and the relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of this part of the village maintains itz rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features.

6.9.2 Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing

6.9.2.1 Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as conservation areas any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

6.9.2.2 The appraisal of Muddles Green as a potential new conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(118) has concluded that the village warrants designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(119).

6.9.2.3 Through the consideration of alternatives, a preferred option for testing for a boundary of a conservation area at Muddles Green has been identified and is shown in Figure 34. All alternatives considered for the boundary of a new conservation area at Muddles Green are outlined in full in Table 36 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that a conservation area be designated for Muddles Green.

REASONS FOR RECOMMENDED DESIGNATION: The eastern part of the village of Muddles Green has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development and it merits designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

118 See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4 342 119 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

PREFERRED OPTION FOR TESTING FOR BOUNDARY: It is recommended that the boundary incorporates the following buildings and associated land; roads and roadside verge/boundaries; and open space:-

Burgh Hill Road: Rose Cottage, West View, Rookery Cottage, The Old Smith, The Studio, The Bungalow Muddles Green: Woodside Cottages, Netherwood, Orchards, Old Scholl House, Farley Farm and outbuildings, Farley farmyard and buildings, Ash Cottage, Green Farm, Sunnyside and The Old Forge. Jubilee Commemorative garden and field to the east.

The map at Figure 34 shows the preferred option for testing for a conservation area boundary at Muddles Green. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

343 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.9.3 Figure 34: Muddles Green

344 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

6.9.4 Alternatives Considered

6.9.4.1 Table 36 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) for a preferred option for testing for a boundary for a new conservation area at Muddles Green; the reason for consideration; the recommendation as to whether the alternative should be incorporated within the boundary; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for inclusion within the conservation area and associated boundary as shown on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

345

346

Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas New - Testing for Options and Recommendations 6 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 36 Alternatives considered for Muddles Green.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration

MDG1 To include the land This area forms Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and properties the historic core of testing is for this and 2.4. The historic core of the village of Muddles described in the the village. land and buildings Green centred around the triangular area of land preferred option for to form the enclosed by the historic road layout, and along the east testing for a conservation area towards Farley Farm has not altered significantly through boundary of a and associated the intrusion of modern development. The majority of conservation area at boundary. the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or Muddles Green. historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of this part of the village. The buildings and associated curtilages are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The historic field boundaries are still visible and the relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of this part of the village maintains it rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features. Therefore, it is considered that the area described meets the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries and warrants designation as a conservation area.

MDG2 To include Forms the Not to include in The village has also developed in a linear manner to the development in the western part of the boundary of the west, and although there are a small number of earlier village to the west of the village and proposed isolated buildings, the majority of the development has the road junction of incorporates conservation area. occurred in the late 19th century and within the 20th Burgh Hill Road and scattered early century. Due to the erosion of original architectural detail Muddles Green, as development to older buildings and intrusion of a significant amount far north as Willets shown on the tithe of modern development into this area, taken in Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Cottages and Willets map as well as combination, this part of the village does not now meet Bungalow. late 19th century the Selection of Area criteria 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3. This and 20th century means that there is no longer sufficient special interest development. to warrant inclusion within a designated conservation area.

MDG3 Not to have a This is an Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) conservation area in alternative for This is not a Act 1990 places a duty on every Local Planning Authority Muddles Green. consideration. reasonable to determine which parts of their area are areas of alternative. special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(1) The parts of the village of Muddles Green identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 34, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

1. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) Wealden LocalPlan

347 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.10 Pell Green

6.10.1 Introduction

6.10.1.1 Pell Green is a hamlet in the High Weald approximately one mile north east of Wadhurst on the B2100. The hamlet extends along Cousley Wood Road, the ridgeway between Sparrows Green and Lamberhurst (B2100), with the large farmstead of Great Pell to the south of the road. There is currently no conservation area designated in any part of the settlement.

6.10.1.2 The historic hamlet of Pell Green extends along Cousley Wood Road to the east of Great Pell Farmhouse and has not altered significantly through the intrusion of modern development. The majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the village. The remaining buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the hamlet maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features.

6.10.2 Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing

6.10.2.1 Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as conservation areas any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

6.10.2.2 The appraisal of Pell Green as a potential new conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(120) has concluded that the village warrants designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(121).

6.10.2.3 Through the consideration of alternatives, a preferred option for testing for a boundary of a conservation area at Pell Green has been identified and is shown in Figure 35. All alternatives considered for the boundary of a new conservation area at Pell Green are outlined in full in Table 37 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that a conservation area be designated for Pell Green.

REASONS FOR RECOMMENDED DESIGNATION: Pell Green has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development and it merits designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

PREFERRED OPTION FOR TESTING FOR BOUNDARY: It is recommended that the boundary incorporates the following buildings and associated land; roads and roadside verge/boundaries; and open space:-

120 See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4 348 121 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

The main road through Pell Green from Great Pell Farmhouse to group of cottages at the junction of Monk's Lane between and including: The Barn, Pell House, Garden Cottage, Apsley Cottage, Blackberry Cottage, Rosemary, Windrush Cottage, Barcaldit, Rosemary Cottage, Welby Cottage, Rehobeth Chapel, The Shrubbery, Hill Cottage, Fairview, Saham, Sadlers and Larches on the northern side; and Great Pell Farmhouse, Great Pell Oast, Bensons, Senlac, Meadowcroft, Day's CottageSharon and Copstone Cottage on the southern side; Monk's Lane including: The Carriage House, Wendell Cottage, Chapel House and White Friars Cottage on the western side.

The map at Figure 35 shows the preferred option for testing for a conservation area boundary at Pell Green. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

349 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.10.3 Figure 35: Pell Green

350 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

6.10.4 Alternatives Considered

6.10.4.1 Table 37 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) for a preferred option for testing for a boundary for a new conservation area at Pell Green; the reason for consideration; the recommendation as to whether the alternative should be incorporated within the boundary; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for inclusion within the conservation area and associated boundary as shown on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

351

352

Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas New - Testing for Options and Recommendations 6 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 37 Alternatives considered for Pell Green.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration

PGN1 To include the land This area forms Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and and properties the historic core testing is for this land 2.4. The historic hamlet of Pell Green extends along the described in the of the hamlet. and buildings to form B2100 Cousley Wood Road and has not altered preferred option for the conservation area significantly through the intrusion of modern development. testing for a and associated The majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic boundary of a boundary. architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual conservation area character of the village. The remaining buildings are at Pell Green. primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of village maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features. Therefore, it is considered that the area described meets the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries and warrants designation as a conservation area.

PGN2 To include the field Open setting Not a reasonable The field is an attractive open setting on the edge of the to the north west of on the edge of alternative, therefore proposed conservation area, but demonstrates no historic Great Pell Pell Green. recommendation is significance and is considered to be more of an important Farmhouse. not to include in the setting to the conservation area that an integral part of boundary of the the historic development of the hamlet itself (1.2, 2.1). It proposed is considered more appropriate to identify the area as conservation area. important open space setting on the future appraisal. Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations PGN3 Not to have a This is an Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) conservation area alternative for This is not a Act 1990 places a duty on every Local Planning Authority in Pell Green. consideration. reasonable to determine which parts of their area are areas of special alternative. architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(1) The parts of the village of Pell Green identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 35, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

1. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) Wealden LocalPlan

353 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.11 Splaynes Green

6.11.1 Introduction

6.11.1.1 Splayne’s Green is situated on the north edge of Fletching village on the edge of the High Weald AONB, three miles northwest of Uckfield close to Sheffield Park. Splayne’s Green is a very small village and historic development has centred around the crossroads and along the road into Fletching. There is currently no conservation area designated in any part of the settlement.

6.11.1.2 The historic core of the village of Splaynes Green centred around the road junction and along the road south to Fletching has not altered significantly through the intrusion of modern development. The majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the village. The remaining buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The historic field boundaries are still visible and the relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features.

6.11.2 Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing

6.11.2.1 Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as conservation areas any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

6.11.2.2 The appraisal of Splaynes Green as a potential new conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(122) has concluded that the village warrants designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(123).

6.11.2.3 Through the consideration of alternatives, a preferred option for testing for a boundary of a conservation area at Splaynes Green has been identified and is shown in Figure 36. All alternatives considered for the boundary of a new conservation area at Splaynes Green are outlined in full in Table 38 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that a conservation area be designated for Splaynes Green.

REASONS FOR RECOMMENDED DESIGNATION: Splaynes Green has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development and it merits designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

PREFERRED OPTION FOR TESTING FOR BOUNDARY: It is recommended that the boundary incorporates the following buildings and associated land; roads and roadside verge/boundaries; and open space:-

122 See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4 354 123 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

North Hall Lane between and including: Quince Tree Cottages, and Rosalynd Cottage on the north side; and Vaughans, Pond Cottage and pond, Fourways, Timbers and adjacent pond on the southern side; Bell Lane including: Fern Cottages on the western side and B & B Trailers and The Forge on the eastern side. Daleham Lane including:The Forge, and Gooseletts House on the northern side; and the roadside verge and treed/hedged boundary to the southern side. The triangular green with signpost and letter box; High Street: the roadside verge and treed/hedged boundary to the western side south to and including Knabb Farm and Knabbs Cottage and associated outbuildings. High Street: buildings and gardens on the eastern side including Rose Cottage, Middleton, Fermoys and roadside verge and treed/hedged boundary to the southern side.

The map at Figure 36 shows the preferred option for testing for a conservation area boundary at Splaynes Green. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

355 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.11.3 Figure 36: Splaynes Green

356 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

6.11.4 Alternatives Considered

6.11.4.1 Table 38 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) for a preferred option for testing for a boundary for a new conservation area at Splaynes Green; the reason for consideration; the recommendation as to whether the alternative should be incorporated within the boundary; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for inclusion within the conservation area and associated boundary as shown on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

357

358

Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas New - Testing for Options and Recommendations 6 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 38 Alternatives considered for Splaynes Green.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration

SPG1 To include the land This area forms the Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4. and properties historic core of the testing is for this land The historic core of the village of Splaynes Green is centred described in the village. Splaynes Green and buildings to form around the road junction and along the road south to Fletching preferred option for was also put forwards as the conservation area and has not altered significantly through the intrusion of testing for a a potential for a and associated modern development. The majority of the built form retains a boundary of a conservation area by a boundary. strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a conservation area Fletching Parish high visual character of the village. The remaining buildings at Splaynes Green. Councillor. are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The historic field boundaries are still visible and the relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features. Therefore, it is considered that the area described meets the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries and warrants designation as a conservation area.

SPG2 To include Forms part of the late Not a reasonable Although these buildings are part of the linear development Lawrences, 19th and 20th century alternative, therefore of the village on the southern side of North Hall Lane, they do Samsons and development of the recommendation is not meet the Selection of Area criteria 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3. There Moonlands village on North Hall not to include in the has been significant erosion of architectural detail to Cottages. Lane. boundary of the Moonlands Cottages which date from the late 19th century proposed which means that there is no longer sufficient special interest conservation area. to warrant inclusion within a designated conservation area. Lawrences and Samsons are modern dwellings which do not meet the criteria.

SPG3 To include Heaven Forms part of the Not to include in the This area of built form lies in a relatively isolated position to Farm and development of the boundary of the the east of the main core of the village, with no inter-visibility Flitteridge Farm between the two areas. There are some surviving historic Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations historic area to the east proposed buildings within the main farm area which have strong of the crossroads, conservation area. architectural or historic merit (criteria 1.1), but these have been including at least one surrounded by modern large span agricultural buildings, building shown on the therefore, as a group there is no significant visual contribution. 1840s Tithe Map, along Accordingly, it it not considered that this area meets the overall with late 19th and 20th criteria for Selection of Areas and does not warrant inclusion century development. in the proposed conservation area designation at Spaynes Green.

SPG4 Not to have a This is an alternative for Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act conservation area consideration. This is not a 1990 places a duty on every Local Planning Authority to in Splaynes Green. reasonable determine which parts of their area are areas of special alternative. architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(1) The parts of the village of Splaynes Green identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 36, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

1. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) Wealden LocalPlan

359 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.12 Warbleton

6.12.1 Introduction

6.12.1.1 Warbleton is a small village set within a quiet rural location in the High Weald, approximately 2 1/2 miles to the south east of Heathfield. Warbleton is a small linear settlement with a core around St. Mary's Church and a further cluster around The Chantry and The Old Rectory. There is currently no conservation area designated in any part of the settlement.

6.12.1.2 The historic core of the village is concentrated around St. Mary's Church and further along the road around The Chantry and The Rectory and has not altered significantly through the intrusion of modern development. The majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the village. The remaining buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features.

6.12.2 Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing

6.12.2.1 Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as conservation areas any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

6.12.2.2 The appraisal of Warbleton as a potential new conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(124) has concluded that the village warrants designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(125).

6.12.2.3 Through the consideration of alternatives, a preferred option for testing for a boundary of a conservation area at Warbleton has been identified and is show in Figure 37. All alternatives considered for the boundary of a new conservation area at Warbleton are outlined in full in Table 39 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that a conservation area be designated for Warbleton.

REASONS FOR RECOMMENDED DESIGNATION: Warbleton has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development and it merits designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

PREFERRED OPTION FOR TESTING FOR BOUNDARY: It is recommended that the boundary incorporates the following buildings and associated land; roads and roadside verge/boundaries; and open space:-

124 See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4 360 125 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

The main road through Warbleton from St. Mary's Church to The Old Rectory between and including: St. Mary's Church, Court Lodge, Court Lodge Barn, the Tithe Barn and the Old Rectory on the south and western side; and Church Farm Cottage, Church Cottage, Tabard Cottage, Old Church House, The Black Duck (previously War Bill in Tun) PH, Chantry Cottages, Sunnyside Cottage and The Chantry on the north and eastern side.

The map at Figure 37 shows the preferred option for testing for a conservation area boundary at Warbleton. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

361 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.12.3 Figure 37: Warbleton

362 Wealden Local Plan

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6.12.4 Alternatives Considered

6.12.4.1 Table 39 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) for a preferred option for testing for a boundary for a new conservation area at Warbleton; the reason for consideration; the recommendation as to whether the alternative should be incorporated within the boundary; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for inclusion within the conservation area and associated boundary as shown on the accompanying map. Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

363

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas New - Testing for Options and Recommendations 6 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 39 Alternatives considered for Warbleton.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration

WRB1 To include the land This area forms the Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, and properties historic core of the testing is for this land and 2.3 and 2.4. The historic core of Warbleton is described in the village. The Parish buildings to form the clustered around St. Mary's Church, extending preferred option for Council have also conservation area and along to The Old Rectory and has not altered testing for a recommended associated boundary. significantly through the intrusion of modern boundary of a inclusion of this development. The majority of the built form conservation area area. retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic at Warbleton. merit, contributing to a high visual character of the village. The remaining buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains ist rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features. Therefore, it is considered that the area described meets the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries and warrants designation as a conservation area.

WRB2 To include the Historic house to the Not a reasonable Although the property meets the selection criteria Kingsley Hill to the east of the village. alternative, therefore in terms of the merit of the built form (1.1), the east of the village. The Parish Council recommendation is not to house appears detached from the village core have also include in the boundary and is instead considered part of the wider recommended of the proposed landscape of dispersed historic properties and inclusion of this part conservation area. lanes that extend around the Wealden villages. of the village within The house is grade II listed, which is a more Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations a new conservation appropriate means of protection and management area. in this instance.

WRB3 To include parts of The Parish Council Not a reasonable The fields are an attractive open setting on the the fields to the have recommended alternative, therefore edge of the proposed conservation area, but north and south of inclusion of this land recommendation is not to demonstrate no historic significance and are the lane, to the within a new include in the boundary considered to be more of an open setting to the west of Kingsley conservation area. of the proposed conservation area that an integral part of the Hill and east of The conservation area. historic development of the village itself (1.2, 2.1). Old Rectory. It is thought more appropriate to consider identifying the area as important open space setting on the future appraisal.

WRB4 To include Glebe The Parish Council Not a reasonable Glebe Farm is not an historic property and so Farm, the field to have recommended alternative, therefore does not meet selection criteria 1.1 and 2.2. The the north, and land inclusion of this recommendation is not to fields are an attractive open setting on the edge to the east of the building and land include in the boundary of the proposed conservation area, but lane, including the within a new of the proposed demonstrate no historic significance and are ponds. conservation area. conservation area. considered to be more of an open setting to the conservation area that an integral part of the historic development of the village itself (1.2, 2.1). It is thought more appropriate to consider Wealden LocalPlan identifying the area as important open space setting on the future appraisal.

WRB5 To include part of The Parish Council Not a reasonable The field is an attractive open setting on the edge the field to the west have recommended alternative, therefore of the proposed conservation area, but of the public house inclusion of this land recommendation is not to demonstrates no historic significance and is include in the boundary considered to be more of an open setting to the

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Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas New - Testing for Options and Recommendations 6 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration

and north of the within a new of the proposed conservation area that an integral part of the lane. conservation area. conservation area. historic development of the village itself (1.2, 2.1). It is thought more appropriate to consider identifying the area as important open space setting on the future appraisal.

WRB4 Not to have a This is an alternative Not recommended. This The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation conservation area for consideration. is not a reasonable Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every Local in Warbleton. alternative. Planning Authority to determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(1) The parts of the village of Warbleton identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 37, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

1. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1) Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

6.13 Wartling

6.13.1 Introduction

6.13.1.1 Wartling is a small village on the northern edge of the Pevensey Levels, approximately 3 miles north of Pevensey. Wartling has a small historic core focused around St. Mary Magdalene's Church, The Lamb public house and Wartling Place. There is currently no conservation area designated in any part of the settlement.

6.13.1.2 The historic core of the village extends along Wartling Road at the junction with Boreham Lane and Horsewalk and has not altered significantly through the intrusion of modern development. The majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the village. The remaining buildings are primarily those shown on the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features.

6.13.2 Recommendation and Preferred Option for Testing

6.13.2.1 Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as conservation areas any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

6.13.2.2 The appraisal of Wartling as a potential new conservation area in accordance with the agreed criteria(126) has concluded that the village warrants designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural or historic interest(127).

6.13.2.3 Through the consideration of alternatives, a preferred option for testing for a boundary of a conservation area at Wartling has been identified and is shown in Figure 38. All alternatives considered for the boundary of a new conservation area at Wartling are outlined in full in Table 40 below.

Recommendation

It is recommended that a conservation area be designated for Wartling.

REASONS FOR RECOMMENDED DESIGNATION: Wartling has not changed significantly through the intrusion of modern development and it merits designation as a conservation area because of its special architectural and historic interest.

PREFERRED OPTION FOR TESTING FOR BOUNDARY: It is recommended that the boundary incorporates the following buildings and associated land; roads and roadside verge/boundaries; and open space:- Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

126 See Agreed Methodology in Chapter 4 127 NPPF, Chapter 12, para 127 367 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas The buildings surrounding the junction at the historic core of Wartling between and including: St. Mary Magdalene's Church, Wartling Place, Tremayne House, Convent House, School Farm House, Rockwell House, Wheelwright Cottage, Old Dobbins, Court Lodge Cottage, The Lamb Inn PH, Court Farm Cottage and Court Lodge Farm.

The map at Figure 38 shows the preferred option for testing for a conservation area boundary at Wartling.

368 Wealden Local Plan

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6.13.3 Figure 38: Wartling Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas - New Testing 6 Recommendations and Options for

369 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 6 Recommendations and Options for Testing - New Areas 6.13.4 Alternatives Considered

6.13.4.1 Table 40 shows what alternatives have been considered taking into account the criteria in the Agreed Methodology (See Chapter 4) for a preferred option for testing for a boundary for a new conservation area at Wartling; the reason for consideration; the recommendation as to whether the alternative should be incorporated within the boundary; and the reasons for the recommendation. The reason for recommendation also identifies whether this is a preferred option for testing for inclusion within the conservation area and associated boundary as shown on the accompanying map.

370 Table 40 Alternatives considered for Wartling.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Consideration WTG1 To include the land This area forms Preferred option for Meets selection criteria 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4. and properties the historic core testing is for this land The historic core of the village of Wartling is centred around the described in the of the village. and buildings to form road junction and along the road junction and has not altered preferred option for the conservation area significantly through the intrusion of modern development. The testing for a and associated majority of the built form retains a strong intrinsic architectural boundary of a boundary. or historic merit, contributing to a high visual character of the conservation area at village. The remaining buildings are primarily those shown on Wartling. the Tithe Map and the late 19th century Ordnance Survey Maps. The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open space has changed little. The character of the village maintains its rural nature, with little incursion of modern boundary features. Therefore, it is considered that the area described meets the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries and warrants designation as a conservation area. WTG2 Not to have a This is an Not recommended. The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act conservation area in alternative for This is not a 1990 places a duty on every Local Planning Authority to Arlington. consideration. reasonable determine which parts of their area are areas of special alternative. architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as conservation areas.(1) The parts of the village of Wartling identified in the Recommendation and Preferred Option Wealden LocalPlan for Testing, as shown on the accompanying map at Figure 38, meet the Selection of Area and Selection of Boundaries criteria as agreed with Historic England and therefore warrant designation as a conservation area.

1. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 69(1)

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7 Settlements considered which did not meet the Criteria

7.1 Introduction

7.1.1 As part of the assessment of existing and new conservation areas, the whole of Wealden District has been reconsidered to ensure all areas worthy of designation have been identified. A desktop study and initial consultation with Parish/Town Councils and Local History Amenity Societies has been undertaken in accordance with the agreed methodology, to identify the potential for new conservation areas. This has been followed by further research and site visits to determine which areas of the District require further consideration and an initial conservation area appraisal.

7.1.2 As part of the exercise to identify new areas in the District, a number of settlements were not considered to meet the Selection of Areas criteria when assessed against the agreed Methodology(128). As a result, there is a recommendation that 37 settlements/areas that were considered in whole, or in part, against the criteria are not taken forwards with a recommendation for future designation.

7.1.3 Areas and buildings that do not meet the conservation area Selection of Area criteria will be considered against criteria for local areas of value and/or local heritage assets as part of a separate project within the emerging Local Plan.(129)

7.2 Recommendations

It is recommended that the following settlements, in whole or in part, are not taken forwards for designation as conservation areas:

Bells Yew Green Hooe, Hooe Common, Russell's Green and Broadstreet Green Blackboys Horam Bodle Street Green Isfield Buxted Laughton Chelwood Gate Lower Horsebridge Cross in hand Mark Cross Crowborough - Chapel Green Maynards Green Durgates

Ninfield 7 Settlements considered which did not meet the Criteria Fairwarp Nutley

128 See Chapter 4 of this document 129 See Historic Environment and Design Background Paper 373 Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations 7 Settlements considered which did not meet the Criteria Foxhunt Green Piltdown

Groombridge Punnets Town

Gun Hill, Chiddingly Rotherfield - Town Row

Hadlow Down Sparrows Green

Hankham Uckfield - New Town

Heathfield - High Street and Station Upper Dicker Road Upper Horsebridge Heathfield - Tilsmore Area Vines Cross Herstmonceux - Gardner Street, Chapel Row and Herstmonceux Church Wannock

High Hurstwood Windmill Hill

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REASONS FOR RECOMMENDATION OF NON-DESIGNATION: The settlements in whole part, or in part, do not meet the Selection of Areas Criteria within the Conservation Area Appraisals Background Paper (130) where:

1.1 The majority of the built form has some strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit relating to age, design, choice of materials, planform, etc.

1.2 The area represents an important phase in the historic development of the settlement.

1.3 The built form, as a group, makes an important visual contribution to the settlement.

1.4 The area has a distinctive character derived from its historic pattern of land uses.

The extent of erosion of historic detail and intrusion of modern inappropriate development has been taken into account when considering whether there is sufficient special interest to warrant designation.

7.2.1 Table 41 below summarises the alternatives that have been considered in relation to each of the 37 settlements/areas and provides reasons for the recommendation for non-designation.

7.3 Alternatives Considered

7.3.1 Although these identified areas have not been considered to be reasonable alternatives for consideration of conservation area designation under the Selection of Area criteria, each area will be revisited and the settlements and buildings will be considered against criteria for local areas of value and/or local heritage assets as part of a separate project within the emerging Local Plan.(131) 7 Settlements considered which did not meet the Criteria

130 Conservation Area Appraisals Background Paper, February 2014, Chapter 4- Methodology for the designation of Conservation Areas in Wealden District (Attached at Appendix 1) 131 See Historic Environment and Design Background Paper 375

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Settlements considered which did not meet the Criteria the meet not did which considered Settlements 7 Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations Wealden LocalPlan Table 41 Alternatives considered and reasons for recommendation for non-designation of each identified area.

Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a CA(1)?

NRA1 Bells Yew This is an area No Not a reasonable Maps from the 19th century show very little historic Green of historic alternative development existed in the Bells Yew Green area, settlement in with only a very small amount of development the High concentrated around the Green. Although there Weald. are some older buildings, which retain some or all original architectural detailing, situated around the Green, the village has changed considerably within the 20th century with a substantial amount modern development infilling between older properties, or in the form of cul-de-sac development. The area forming the Green with the surviving older buildings has the most visual interest, but this has been significantly eroded by modern infill development. Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit and built form, as a group, does not have a distinctive character. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Bells Yew Green.

NRA2 Blackboys This is an area No Not a reasonable Maps from the 19th century show very little historic of historic alternative development existed in the Blackboys area, with settlement in only a very small amount of development concentrated around two small areas: one in the Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

the High vicinity of the Blackboys Inn and the other at the Weald. junction of the B2102 and the B2192. There has been a substantial amount of modern infill and linear development within the village in the 20th century. Therefore, the village in whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria as there is no strong intrinsic character or historic merit to the buildings and does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Blackboys.

NRA3 Bodle Street This is an area No Not a reasonable Bodle Street Green is a linear settlement which Green of historic alternative has developed along the main north south road, settlement in and along North Road and the junction with Prinkle the High Lane and Toll Lane. The Tithe map shows a series Weald. of isolated buildings scattered along the main road between Atwood Farm in the north and Ale House Farm in the south. There was a small focus of development around the junction with North Street, and also in the vicinity of Toll Farm. Although there are some older buildings, which retain some or all original architectural detailing throughout the Wealden LocalPlan settlement, the village has changed considerably within the 20th century with a substantial amount modern development scattered along the main road and North Road between older buildings. Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit and

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built form, as a group, does not have a distinctive character. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Bodle Street Green.

NRA4 Buxted This is an area No Not a reasonable Although there are some older buildings, which of historic alternative retain some or all original architectural detailing, settlement in situated along High Street, the village has changed the High considerably within the 20th century with a Weald. substantial amount modern development along the A272 and within areas set back to either side of the main road. The area from Yew Tree Cottage and Ramblers on Station Road, running to the east into the High Street and up to the junction with Gordon Road has the most visual interest, but this has been significantly eroded by a substantial amount of modern infill between the surviving older buildings.Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Buxted.

NRA5 Chelwood Gate This village is No Not a reasonable This is a relatively modern village, with very little an edge of alternative built form being in situ by the end of the 19th Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

Ashdown century. Therefore, the village in whole, or in part, Forest does not meet the Selection of Area criteria as settlement. there is no strong intrinsic character or historic merit to the buildings and does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Chelwood Gate.

NRA6 Cross in hand This is a No Not a reasonable Although there are some older buildings, which settlement alternative retain some or all original architectural detailing, located in the situated with the village, Cross in Hand has High Weald at changed considerably within the 20th century with a cross road on a substantial amount modern development along an historic ridge the B2102, Firgrove Road and Back Lane. route. Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit. The area of development on the western side of Dads Hill in the vicinity of the remaining Windmill has the most visual interest, but this has been eroded by modern infill development and also only forms a very small part of the village. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not Wealden LocalPlan meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Cross in Hand.

NRA7 Crowborough - This part of No Not a reasonable Although there are some older buildings, which Chapel Green Crowborough alternative retain some or all original architectural detailing, was put situated around Chapel Green, this area of

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forwards by Crowborough has changed quite considerably Crowborough within the 20th century. The area does maintain Town Council a local character and visual interest through the as a potential retention of the triangular green, with the church conservation and vicarage set back to the north, and linear area. development on the southeast and south west sides. However, many of the late 19th century and early 20th century buildings have suffered a substantial amount of erosion of original architectural detailing which has substantially reduced their significance, and this, in combination with 20th century infill development, has further eroded the intrinsic character and historic merit of this area. Therefore, the built form in the area around Chapel Green in Crowborough as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area.

NRA8 Durgates This is an area No Not a reasonable Durgates is located on the western edge of of historic alternative Wadhurst. Maps from the 19th century show a settlement on small core of historic development in Durgates the edge of centred around the junction of Station Road, Wadhurst and Mayfield Lane and Jonas Lane. This part of within the High Wadhurst developed significantly after the arrival Weald. of the railway and throughout the 20th century with a substantial amount of modern development Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

constructed in the wider area to the north and south of the historic core in Durgates. There has also been loss of older properties shown on the Tithe map by the beginning of the 20th century, and substantial modern infill between the surviving older properties within the core of the settlement and loss of original architectural detailing to older buildings. In combination, this has lead to the loss of the historic character of Durgates and the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit. The built form within the settlement as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Durgates.

NRA9 Fairwarp This is an No Not a reasonable Although there are some older buildings, which historic alternative retain some or all original architectural detailing settlement that which are located in a core around the village has developed green and along Back Lane, the village has on the edge of changed considerably within the 20th century with Wealden LocalPlan Ashdown a substantial amount modern infill development. Forest. The area immediately around the village green has the most visual interest, but this has been significantly eroded by a substantial amount of modern infill between older buildings. Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong

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intrinsic character or historic merit. This edge of forest village has also lost any visual connection with the wider Ashdown Forest landscape through the substantial growth of trees between the settlement and the B2026 Road, and has lost any intervisibility with the church and old school. Therefore, built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria, and the village has lost its historic visual connection with the wider landscape and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Fairwarp.

NRA10 Foxhunt Green This is a small No Not a reasonable Foxhunt Green developed primarily in the late 19th area of alternative century and has changed little since that period. settlement on Although many of the buildings retain a substantial the edge of the amount of original architectural detailing, the High Weald settlement has no particular core, and is a series landscape. of relatively isolated dwellings along the road at this point and with no particular cohesiveness. There are several modern buildings interspersed. Therefore, it is not considered that the built form within this small settlement as a whole, or in part, meets the Selection of Area criteria, and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Foxhunt Green. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

NRA11 Groombridge The newer part No Not a reasonable The older part of Groombridge is located on the of Groombridge alternative hill to the north of the River Grom within Kent and to the south of has a designated conservation area. the River Grom developed as The early Ordnance Survey Maps demonstrate an extension to that this newer part of Groombridge to the south the older of the River Grom developed after the construction settlement in of the railway in the 1860s. Areas of the village the north after appear to have been planned and constructed at the construction the same time, particularly in the vicinity of Station of the Railway Road, Springfield Road and Corseley Road. in the mid 19th Although this has given the centre of the new part century. of the village a distinctive character, there has been substantial erosion of the original architectural detail of the late 19th century buildings. There has also been a significant intrusion of modern development in and around this area, which has also eroded any special interest. Therefore, built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria, does not warrant designation of a Wealden LocalPlan conservation area within this part of Groombridge.

NRA12 Gun Hill, This is an area No Not a reasonable Gun Hill is a linear settlement which has developed Chiddingly of historic linear alternative around a series of isolated older buildings development. predominantly located to either side of the north/south road. There is no discernible historic

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core of development within the village. Although many of the buildings retain a substantial amount of original architectural detailing, the settlement has no particular core, and is a series of relatively isolated dwellings along the road at this point and with no particular cohesiveness. There are several modern buildings interspersed. Therefore, it is not considered that the built form within this small settlement as a whole, or in part, meets the Selection of Area criteria, and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Gun Hill.

NRA13 Hadlow Down This is an area No Not a reasonable Although there are some older buildings, which of historic alternative retain some or all original architectural detailing, settlement in the village has changed considerably within the the High 20th century with a substantial amount of infill Weald. development along the main A272 ridge top route, and along the minor north-south lanes. The majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Hadlow Down.

NRA14 Hankham This is an area No Not a reasonable Maps from the 19th century show very little historic of historic alternative development existed in the Hankham area, with Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

development only a very small amount of development on the edge of concentrated along Hankham Road, with outlying the Pevensey isolated development at Jenkin;s Green and Levels. Hankham Cross. Although there are some older buildings, which retain some or all original architectural detailing, situated along Hankham Road, the village has changed considerably within the 20th century with a substantial amount modern development along Hankham Road and Hankham Street, and around Hankham Cross. Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit and built form, as a group, does not have a distinctive character. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Hankham.

NRA15 Heathfield - This is an area No Not a reasonable Heathfield does not start to develop along the High High of settlement in alternative Street until the very late 19th century, with the Street/Station the Weald. earliest buildings in place at the western end by Wealden LocalPlan Road the 1899 Ordnance Survey Map. This initial developent was confined to a very small group of buildings in the vicinity of the Mill Road junction and a small amount of isolated development on station road, including the Heathfield Hotel, now gone. By the time of the1910 map, linear

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development had occurred along the northern side of the road, up to the junction with Station Road and along both sides of Station Road towards the station. Very little development had taken place on the southern side of the High Street at this time and it is not until the 1931 map that significant development in this particular area. Although some of the buildings on the High Street and in Station Road retain some or all original architectural detailing relating to this early to mid 20th century period including some surviving early shop fronts, there has also been substantial late 20th century infill development throughout the length of the High Street and into Station Road. In some instances, modern development has replaced earlier 20th century development. There has been substantial erosion of the original character of the area,therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit and built form, as a group, does not have a distinctive character. The built form within the High Street and Station Road area as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area within this part of Heathfield. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

NRA16 Heathfield - This area has No Not a reasonable In the 19th century, there was very little Tilsmore Area been put alternative development in Heathfield, with the older part of forwards by a the settlement concentrated to the east, around local residents' the junction of Mutton Hall Hill and Tower Street. group as a The Tilsmore area was not developed, with only potential one or two isolated properties shown. Several conservation dwellings were constructed pre WW1, however, area within the the majority of the development appears to have settlement of occurred in the inter-war period in the 20th Heathfield. century. Although some of the properties retain some or all original architectural detailing relating to this early to mid 20th century period, there has also been substantial late 20th century infill development throughout the area. The area of greatest visual interest and character is along Tilsmore Road, but there has been erosion of the original character of the area through modern infill development. Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit and built form, as a group, does not have a distinctive character. The built form within Wealden LocalPlan the Tilsmore area as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area within this part of Heathfield.

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NRA17 Herstmonceux, This is an area No Not a reasonable The wider settlement of Herstmonceux has incorporating of historic alternative developed around several historic cores: Gardner Gardner Street, settlement on Street; Chapel Row; Flowers Green; and the Chapel Row the edge of the original village site in the vicinity of the church. and High Weald The cores of historic settlement stretch south Herstmonceux and Pevensey through the landscape from Gardner Street to Old Church Levels. Herstmonceux over a distance of around 1.6 miles. Along the road that links the distinct areas of settlement are scattered outlying historic buildings.

Gardner Street retains the largest historic core of buildings which are located along the main road to the east of the junction with West End and has a distinctive character. Although some of the properties retain some or all original architectural detailing, there has also been 20th century infill development throughout the area, as well as erosion of original architectural features where buildings are not statutorily listed. Gardner Street developed into the West End area primarily in the late 19th century and early 20th century, and although this area retains a visually attractive character, many of the properties have suffered substantial erosion of original architectural features. There has also been substantial modern infill development, particularly to the southern side Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

of the main road through West End, as well as considerable modern development in the surrounding area.

Chapel Green and Flowers Green are outlying settlements on the road through to Old Herstmonceux. Although some of the properties retain some or all original architectural detailing relating to this early to mid 20th century period, there has also been 20th century infill development and also substantial erosion of original architectural features where buildings are not statutorily listed.

Old Herstmonceux incorporates a very small area of surviving historic development, which includes the church and farm to the south. There is also outlying historic development on the road between this original settlement and Flowers Green to the north. The area has a distinctive visual character within the wider landscape, but, due to the loss of

the original larger settlement around the church, Wealden LocalPlan does not have a cohesive core.

Taking into account the changes to Herstmonceux at Gardner STreet, Chapel Row, around the church and along the linking road, as outlined above, it is not considered that the wider area, in whole, or in part, warrants designation of a conservation area.

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NRA18 High This is an area No Not a reasonable High Hurstwood is a linear settlement which has Hurstwood of historic alternative developed around a series of isolated older settlement in buildings predominantly located to either side of the High Hurstwood Road and Chillies Lane. There is no Weald. discernible historic core of development within the village. Although there are some older buildings, which retain some or all original architectural detailing, the village has changed considerably within the 20th century with a substantial amount modern development scattered along Hurstwood Road and Chillies Lane. Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit and built form, as a group, does not have a distinctive character. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at High Hurstwood.

NRA19 Hooe, This is an area No Not a reasonable Hooe, incorporating Hooe Common, Broadstreet incorporating of historic alternative Green and Russell's Green is a linear settlement Hooe Common, settlement on which has developed around a series of isolated Broadstreet the edge of the older buildings predominantly located to either side Green and Pevensey of the B2095 and within Broadstreet Green which Russell's Green Levels. runs parallel to part of the main north-south route. There are several small historic cores of development within the wider area of settlement, Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

located at Hooe Common and Russell's Green, but the medieval parish church is located in a completely isolated position to the south east. Although many of the buildings retain a substantial amount of original architectural detailing, the settlement in the area has no particular cohesiveness and has changed considerably in particular areas within the 20th century with a substantial amount of modern development at Hooe Common, and isolated modern infill development throughout the area. Therefore, it is not considered that the built form within this area of settlement as a whole, or in part, meets the Selection of Area criteria, and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Hooe, incorporating Hooe Common, Broadstreet Green and Russell's Green

NRA20 Horam This is an area No Not a reasonable This is a relatively modern village, with very little of settlement alternative built form being in situ by the end of the 19th on the edge of century. Therefore, the village in whole, or in part, Wealden LocalPlan the High does not meet the Selection of Area criteria as Weald. there is no strong intrinsic character or historic merit to the buildings and does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Horam.

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NRA21 Isfield This is an area No Not a reasonable Isfield is a linear settlement which has developed of historic alternative around two main focal areas in the north and settlement. south, with a series of isolated older buildings scattered along Station Road. The earliest area of settlement is in the north in the vicinity of the Church and Isfield Place, with a later focus of development around the railway station in the south. It appears that the more historic part of the village in the north has shrunk in size, leaving only a small amount of historic standing development with little inter visibility between buildings and no clear core grouping of buildings. Around the station to the south, there are a number of late 19th century dwellings, but there has been modern infill development and loss of original architectural detailing to many buildings. Although there are some older buildings, which retain some or all original architectural detailing throughout the settlement, the village has changed considerably within the 20th century with a substantial amount modern development scattered along Station Road. Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit and built form, as a group, does not have a distinctive character.. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

warrant designation of a conservation area at Isfield.

NRA22 Laughton This is a No Not a reasonable Laughton comprises scattered linear development historic alternative running along Church Lane in the south and along settlement. Shortgate Lane/Brickhurst Lane in the north. The Parish There is a small focus of development around the Council have road junction with Laughton Road in the centre of also suggested the village, and a further small amount of linear the development to the east and west along the main consideration of road. Although there are some older buildings, Church Lane, which retain some or all original architectural Shortgate detailing throughout the settlement, the village has Lane, changed considerably within the 20th century with Brickhurst Lane modern infill development scattered among the and Laughton older buildings, which has altered the overall visual Road; and a character of the village within the landscape, and second area has impacted upon the inter visibility between the focused around older scattered development within the settlement. Laughton Therefore, the majority of the built form does not Lodge/Manor, have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit Wealden LocalPlan Avery’s Oak, and built form, as a group, does not have a Cow Lane, distinctive character. The built form within the Colbrans and village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Laughton Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not Place. warrant designation of a conservation area at Laughton.

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The second area proposed by the Parish Council represents older scattered development within the wider landscape to the west of the village and although individual buildings retain a substantial amount of historic architectural detailing there is not a distinct group of buildings or core of development. Therefore, this second area would not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Laughton.

NRA23 Lower This is an area No Not a reasonable Lower Horsebridge village is located in Hellingly Horsebridge of historic alternative Parish, on the north western edge of Hailsham development to and is located to the west of the historic Horse the northwest Bridge across the river. Maps from the 19th of Hailsham. century show a small core of historic development in Lower Horsebridge centred around the junction of the A271 and B2104, and a small amount of additional development to the west along the main road. There has been loss of older properties shown on the Tithe map by the beginning of the 20th century, and substantial modern infill between the surviving older properties within the core of the settlement and loss of original architectural detailing to older buildings. In combination, this has lead to the loss of the historic character of Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

Lower Horsebridge and the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit. The built form within the settlement as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Lower Horsebridge.

NRA24 Mark Cross This is an area No Not a reasonable In the 19th century, Mark Cross was a small of historic alternative settlement concentrated around the junction of settlement in four roads - Catt's Hill, Wadhurst Road, Tunbridge the High Wells Road and Mayfield Road, with scattered Weald. development to the north of the core. In the 20th century, the core of the settlement was by-passed to the west. Although there are some older buildings, which retain some or all original architectural detailing, the village has changed considerably within the 20th century, not just with the change to road layout, but through a substantial amount modern development around the village core and north along Tunbridge Wells Wealden LocalPlan Road. The modern development has altered the overall visual character of the village and has impacted upon the inter visibility between the older scattered development within the settlement. Therefore, the majority of the built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit

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and built form, as a group, does not have a distinctive character. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Mark Cross.

NRA25 Maynards This is an area No Not a reasonable Maynards Green is a linear settlement which has Green of historic alternative developed around a series of isolated older settlement in buildings predominantly located to either side of the High the B2203, with isolated outlying development Weald. along Tubwell Lane and Sicklehatch Lane. There is no discernible historic core of development within the village. Although there are some older buildings, which retain some or all original architectural detailing, the village has changed considerably within the 20th century with a substantial amount modern development scattered along either side of the B2203. Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit and built form, as a group, does not have a distinctive character. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Maynards Green. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

NRA26 Ninfield This is an area No Not a reasonable In the 19th century, Ninfield was a small settlement of historic alternative concentrated around the junction of High Street settlement on and Manchester Road, with scattered outlying the edge of the development to the east and west; and around High Weald. Lower Street and the junction of High Street and Bexhill Road. The church and school were isolated to the south of High Street. Although there are some older buildings, which retain some or all original architectural detailing, the village has changed considerably within the 20th century, through a substantial amount modern development around the village along High Street, Manchester Road, Church Lane and along Bexhill Road. Lower Street has also been by-passed. The modern development has altered the overall visual character of the village and has impacted upon the inter visibility between the older scattered development within the settlement. Therefore, the majority of the built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit and built form, as a group, does not have a distinctive character. Wealden LocalPlan The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Ninfield.

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NRA27 Nutley This is an area No Not a reasonable Although there are some older buildings, which of historic alternative retain some or all original architectural detailing, settlement in the village has changed considerably within the the High 20th century with a substantial amount modern Weald. development along the main A22 and within areas set back to either side of the main road. The area from St James The Less Church, south along High Street to the junction with Nether Lane has the most visual interest, but this has been significantly eroded by a substantial amount of modern infill between the surviving older buildings. Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Nutley.

NRA28 Piltdown This is an area No Not a reasonable Piltdown is a linear settlement which has of historic alternative developed around a series of isolated older settlement in buildings predominantly located to either side of the High what is now the A272, with a smaller linear Weald. development stretching south along what is now Golf Club Lane. There is no discernible historic core of development within the village. Although there are some older buildings, which retain some or all original architectural detailing, the village has Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

changed considerably within the 20th century with modern development scattered along the A272 and Golf Club Lane. Although there is more of a core of historic development in the Golf Club area, the setting within the landscape has been eroded by the leisure use surrounding the buildings. Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit and built form, as a group, does not have a distinctive character and there has been some erosion of landscape setting to areas. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at High Piltdown.

NRA29 Punnett's Town This is an area No Not a reasonable Although there are some older buildings, which of settlement alternative retain some or all original architectural detailing, on an historic the village has changed considerably within the ridgeway within 20th century with a substantial amount modern the High Weald linear development along the main B2096. The Wealden LocalPlan landscape. area around the junction of North Street/Forest Lane and the B2096, and along North Street has the most visual interest, but this has been significantly eroded by a substantial amount of modern infill between the surviving older buildings and the loss of original architectural detailing to

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buildings.Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Punnett's Town.

NRA30 Rotherfield - This is an area No Not a reasonable Town Row is located on the eastern edge of Town Row of historic alternative Rotherfield and appears to have developed along settlement on Station Road, Catt's Hill, Spout Hill and Yew Tree the edge of Lane. The 19th century maps show sporadic Rotherfield and development to either side of the road. This small within the High settlement underwent a small expansion with the Weald. arrival of the railway in the mid 19th century, but the main expansion has been within the 20th century. Although there are some older buildings, which retain some or all original architectural detailing, Town Row has changed considerably within the 20th century with a substantial amount modern development along Station Road, Yew Tree Lane, Catt's Hill and Spout Hill. Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit. The built form within the settlement as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Town Row. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

NRA31 Sparrows This is an area No Not a reasonable Sparrows Green is located on the western edge Green of historic alternative of Wadhurst. Maps from the 19th century show a settlement on small core of historic development in Sparrows the edge of Green centred around the junction of Cockmount Wadhurst and Lane and the B2100. This part of Wadhurst within the High developed significantly after the arrival of the Weald. railway and throughout the 20th century with a substantial amount of modern development constructed in the wider area to the east of the historic core in Sparrows Green. There has also been substantial infill between older properties within the core of the settlement and loss of original architectural detailing to older buildings. In combination, this has lead to the loss of the historic character of Sparrows Green and the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit. The built form within the settlement as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Sparrows Green. Wealden LocalPlan

NRA32 Uckfield - New This is a No Not a reasonable Uckfield New Town began to develop to the south Town substantial alternative of the River Uck after the railway line was opened extension of in 1868. Prior to this period, there were only a Uckfield in the scatter of older buildings along the roadside 19th century. leading south out of the town and the remainder

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Inclusion in a was farmland. The 1878 Ordnance Survey Map conservation shows the area began to develop initially in a linear area has been manner along the eastern side of the main road recommended and into the western part of Framfield Road. By by the Town 1899, there had also been some development into Council. Alexandra Road and by 1910, along New Place Road, Harcourt Road and Mill Road and further to the east along Framfield Road. Whilst the area has a strong late 19th century and early 20th century character, and there are some good examples of individual buildings scattered throughout, there has unfortunately been a substantial erosion of original architectural detail to a large proportion of buildings, through replacement windows, roofing materials, extensions and application of paint and render to original brickwork. There has also been a substantial loss of original front boundary treatments to create parking spaces. In combination, this has lead to the loss of the historic character of the late 19th century and early 20th century New Town area of Uckfield through the extent of erosion of historic detail and intrusion of modern inappropriate development. The built form within the area as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Uckfield New Town.

NRA33 Upper Dicker This is an area No Not a reasonable Bodle Street Green is a linear settlement which of settlement alternative has developed along Coldharbour Road and High within the Low Barn Road. The 19th century maps show a series Weald. of isolated buildings scattered along the main road between the vicarage in the northeast and High Barn in the south west. Although there are some older buildings, which retain some or all original architectural detailing throughout the settlement, the village has changed considerably within the 20th century with a substantial amount modern development scattered along the main road between older buildings. Modern development has also expanded the village into Camberlot Road and along Michelham Priory Road. Therefore, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit and built form, as a group, does not have a distinctive character. The built form within the village as a whole, or in Wealden LocalPlan part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Upper Dicker.

NRA34 Upper This is an area No Not a reasonable Upper Horsebridge village is located in Hellingly Horsebridge of historic alternative Parish, on the north western edge of Hailsham development to and is located to the east of the historic Horse

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the northwest Bridge across the river. Maps from the 19th of Hailsham. century show a small core of historic development in Upper Horsebridge centred around the junction of the A271/Upper Horsebridge Road and London Road, and a small amount of additional development to the east along the main road. There has been substantial loss of older properties in this area shown on the Tithe map and first edition Ordnance Survey Map by the beginning of the 20th century, particularly to the south and immediate east of the road junction, leaving only the Mill House and Mill to the north and remnant scattered historic properties to the east. There has also been substantial modern infill between the few surviving older properties within the core of the settlement and loss of original architectural detailing to older buildings. In combination, this has lead to the loss of the historic character of Upper Horsebridge and the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit. The built form within the settlement as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Upper Horsebridge. Ref. Alternative Reason for Currently Recommendation Main reasons for recommendation Consideration part of a Conservation Areas- Conservation Wealden LocalPlanIssuesOptionsandRecommendations CA(1)?

NRA35 Vines Cross This is an area No Not a reasonable Maps from the 19th century show very little historic of settlement alternative development existed in the Vine's Cross area, with within the High only a very small amount of development Weald concentrated around two small areas: one in the landscape. vicinity of the Brewer's Arms PH and on the bend in Ballsocks Lane. There has been a substantial amount of modern infill and linear development within the village in the 20th century. Therefore, the village in whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria as there is no strong intrinsic character or historic merit to the buildings and does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Vines Cross.

NRA36 Wannock This settlement No Not a reasonable The Parish Council has undertaken some in depth was put forward alternative research on the area and this shows that there by the Parish was only sporadic development in the village prior Council as a to the 20th century and this is also evidenced by potential the 19th century maps of the area. Although there conservation are some older buildings, which retain some or all area. original architectural detailing, the village has Wealden LocalPlan changed considerably within the 20th century with a substantial amount modern development having occurred throughout the area. There is very little, if any, inter visibility between the older buildings and therefore, the original character and layout of the area has changed very substantially. Due to

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the quantity of modern development in the area, the majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Wannock.

NRA37 Windmill Hill This is an area No Not a reasonable The historic core of Windmill Hill is located around of historic alternative the Posey Green area with scattered older settlement buildings along the main road to the east and the west. This cenral area retains the most visual character, with glimpsed views to the west towards the windmill. Although there are some older buildings, which retain some original architectural detailing, the village has changed considerably within the 20th century with a substantial amount of infill development along the main ridge top route, and to the north of the main road. The majority of built form does not have a strong intrinsic character or historic merit with significant erosion of original architectural detailing to older buildings. The built form within the village as a whole, or in part, does not meet the Selection of Area criteria and therefore, does not warrant designation of a conservation area at Windmill Hill.

1. Conservation Area Wealden Local Plan

Conservation Areas - Wealden Local Plan Issues Options and Recommendations

8 Consultation

8.1 Introduction

8.1.1 This document supports the 2015 Issues and Options Consultation on the Wealden District Local Plan Review and this is your opportunity to have your say on the proposed changes to the existing conservation areas in your District and the designation of new conservation areas. This chapter identifies the consultation that has so far taken place relating to the conservation areas; provides guidance on this particular consultation relating to the existing and proposed conservation areas, and areas dismissed; and also identifies

future consultation opportunities relating to the conservation areas within the Local Plan 8 Consultation process.

8.2 Previous consultation

8.2.1 Consultation with Parish/Town Councils and Local History Amenity Societies took place in 2014. Officers visited Parish/Town Councils as part of initial consultation related to the next stage of the Local Plan process, which was then named the Delivery and Sites Allocation Local Plan (DSALP). The DSALP has now been incorporated into the wider Local Plan Review. At the Parish/Town Council meetings a presentation was given in relation to the Conservation Area project.

8.2.2 In the summer of 2014, a written consultation was sent to Parish and Town Councils, and all Local History Amenity Societies in relation to the Conservation Area project. This comprised a letter of introduction and a form to be completed and returned. Not all Parish/Town Councils or Amenity Societies that were consulted responded to the consultation.

8.2.3 The responses to this consultation have been used to help inform the selection of potential new conservation areas and/or boundary changes to existing conservation areas. All areas put forward in the consultation responses have been considered through a desk top exercise and site visit to determine whether they meet the Criteria for Selection of Areas and/or Criteria for Selection of Boundaries.

8.2.4 The written consultation comprised a form to be completed which asked the following questions:

History:

What is special about the history of your village?

How do you think this has helped to shape the village into what it is today? You may wish to consider the reason why the village has grown in this location in the landscape and the social and economic history.

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Character:

What makes up the character of your village? This could be the type and ages of buildings; the way that the streets are laid out; building materials; open spaces; activity, noise and smells; views through the village, out of the village and into the village; the natural environment, including trees and hedges.

Impacts on the existing or potential Conservation Area:

What do you feel has had a positive impact on the existing or potential conservation area?

What do you feel is having a negative impact on the existing or potential conservation area?

Conservation Area Boundary:

If you are commenting on a potential new conservation area, where do you consider the boundary should be drawn and why? If possible, please provide a map to show your suggested boundary.

If you are commenting on an existing conservation area, do you consider the existing boundary is drawn in the correct place? Should it be larger, or smaller? Please give your reasons for any changes and, if possible, provide a map to show your suggested changes.

8.2.5 Where Parish/Town Councils or Amenity Societies have made recommendations, these area explored within the Tables of Alternatives for each of the existing or proposed conservation areas, and for each of the dismissed areas, where applicable.

8.3 Current consultation

8.3.1 The Issues and Options Consultation on the Local Plan Review incorporates the current stage of consultation on the conservation area project to reappraise the existing conservation areas and identify potential new areas.

8.3.2 At this time, the Council is consulting on the Recommendation and Preferred Options for each existing and new area, rather than a detailed conservation area character appraisal. The Council is also consulting upon whether any further areas within the District that meet the criteria agreed with Historic England, and not already identified within Chapter 7 of this document, should be considered for designation as a conservation area.

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8.4 Future consultation

8.4.1 Future consultation will take place as part of the Local Plan Review timetable which is outlined in the Local Development Scheme (LDS)(132).

8.4.2 The LDS confirms that the next stage of consultation on the Local Plan will be Proposed Submission of the Local Plan towards the end of 2016. At this time the consultation in respect of the Conservation Areas will relate to the detailed written appraisal for each area it is proposed to designate and will not comprise a consultation on potential inclusion or exclusion of parts of, or all of, existing or proposed conservation areas. Nor will there be an opportunity at this next stage to suggest new areas for designation as a 8 Consultation conservation area within the District.

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9 Questions

Question 1

Chapter 5, Existing Conservation Areas – Recommendations, Proposed Options for Testing to change the conservation area boundaries, and table of alternatives considered. 9 Questions Taking into account the statutory obligation under Section 69 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 to review the existing conservation areas in the District, do you agree with the Recommendations and Preferred Options for Testing for the conservation area boundaries taking into account all alternatives considered, as assessed against the criteria agreed with Historic England:

Which specific conservation area(s) does this response relate to…………. (You may say ‘all’)

A. Yes, agree with Recommendations and all Preferred Options for Testing.

B. Yes, agree with Recommendations and some Preferred Options for Testing.

Please provide details where you disagree to include the name of the conservation area, if you have comments on more than one, the Preferred Option for Testing number and why you do not feel the option meets the agreed criteria.

C. No, do not agree with the Recommendations and the Preferred Options for Testing.

Please provide details where you disagree, to include the name of the existing conservation area if you have comments on more than one, and the reasons why the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing do not meet with the agreed criteria. If you consider that other alternatives considered but not taken forwards as a Preferred Option for Testing to change the current conservation area should be included, please explain why you consider the alternative(s) would meet with the agreed Selection of Area/Boundaries criteria.

D. Do you agree that all alternatives for reviewing each of the conservation areas have been considered? Yes/No

If not, please provide details of further alternatives, to include the name of the existing conservation area, if you have comments on more than one, and why these additional alternatives would meet with the agreed Selection of Area/Boundaries criteria.

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Question 2

Chapter 6, Proposed Conservation Areas – Recommendations, Proposed Options for Testing for conservation area boundaries, and table of alternatives considered.

Taking into account the statutory obligation to determine whether any further parts of the District should be designated as conservation areas under Section 69 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, do you agree with the Recommendations and Preferred Options for Testing for the proposed conservation area boundaries taking into account all alternatives considered, as assessed against the criteria agreed with Historic England:

Which specific proposed conservation area(s) does this response relate to…………. (You may say ‘all’)

A. Yes, agree with Recommendations and all Preferred Options for Testing.

B. Yes, agree with Recommendations and some Preferred Options for Testing.

Please provide details where you disagree to include the name of the conservation area, if you have comments on more than one, the Preferred Option for Testing number and why you do not feel the option meets the agreed criteria.

C. No, do not agree with the Recommendations and the Preferred Options for Testing

Please provide details where you disagree to include the name of the conservation area if you have comments on more than one, and the reasons why the Recommendation and Preferred Options for Testing do not meet with the agreed criteria. If you consider that other alternatives considered but not taken forwards as a Preferred Option for Testing should be included within a proposed conservation area, please explain why you consider the alternative(s) would meet with the agreed Selection of Area/Boundaries criteria.

A. Do you agree that all alternatives for the boundary of each of the proposed conservation areas have been considered? Yes/No

If not, please provide details of further alternatives, to include the name of the proposed conservation area, if you have comments on more than one, and why these additional alternatives would meet with the agreed Selection of Area/Boundaries criteria.

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Question 3

Chapter 7, Settlements considered which did not meet the agreed criteria – Recommendations and table of alternatives considered.

Taking into account the Selection of Area Criteria agreed with Historic England, do you agree that none of the 37 identified areas merit designation as a conservation area. 9 Questions

A. Yes, agree with Recommendation

B. No, disagree with the Recommendation.

Please provide details where you disagree to include the reference number of the area from the table of alternatives considered and why you feel that specific area meets the agreed criteria.

Question 4

Are there any other historic settlements in the District that have not been considered in Chapter 7 that you consider meets the Selection of Area criteria agreed with Historic England?

A. No

B. Yes. Please name the settlement and provide details as to why you feel the historic settlement meets the Selection of Area criteria. Please specify where you feel a conservation area boundary could be drawn and why this would meet with the Selection of Boundaries criteria.

If you would like to take the opportunity to provide additional details on any of the existing or proposed conservation areas that will help with the completion of future detailed conservation area appraisal documents, please submit details to: [email protected].

Please note that this information cannot be kept confidential and would form part of the evidence base for the conservation area appraisal.

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Appendix 1 Background Paper and Methodology Background Paper and Methodology Paper Appendix 1 Background

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Local Plan Review

February 2014

Contents Page

Chapter 1 Background 1 – 4

Chapter 2 Legislation 5 - 7

Chapter 3 Implications and benefits of legislation 8 – 9

Methodology for the designation of conservation Chapter 4 10 -17 areas in Wealden District

Chapter 5 Conservation Area Management 18 – 19

Appendix 1 Field Survey Checklist 20 – 23

Appendix 2 Consultation Procedure 24 – 25

Appendix 3 References 26 – 27

Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology Local Plan Review February 2014

Chapter 1 - Background

Introduction The purpose of this Background Paper (BP) to the Delivery and Sites Allocation Local Plan (D&SALP) is to provide a methodology for the review and designation of Conservation Areas (CAs) in Wealden District, and their future Management.

English Heritage advises that areas should be assessed against locally related criteria to ensure a consistent approach across the District.

When a CA is designated, it has major land use implications for both the Local Planning Authority (LPA) and individual property and landowners. There is no right of appeal or Public Inquiry procedure, (except by judicial review, which can be onerous and expensive) and this places a special duty to ensure that all material matters are taken into account at the time the CA is designated or reviewed.

Background Since the concept of CAs was first introduced by the Civic Amenities Act in 1967, the approach to designation has changed considerably and this is reflected by the quality of existing appraisals for CAs within Wealden District.

This is exemplified by the contrast between Mayfield CA, which was originally designated in 1969 and an appraisal document issued which has not been revisited for 44 years, and the Frant CA which was reappraised in 2003 and comprises a significantly more robust and in depth document.

There are now over 8,000 CAs across the country and in general they cover much larger geographical areas than when they were first introduced in 1969. The justification for the designation of CAs must therefore relate to appropriate criteria to ensure the effectiveness of designation in relation to the planning process. Section 54A of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 emphasises the importance of including firm CA policies in the Local Plan, which in turn must be based on a clear definition of what constitutes the special architectural and historic interest which warranted designation in each case (in the form of CA Character Appraisals). The justification of this clear definition now forms part of the evidence base for the Local Plan process, in this instance the Delivery and Site Allocation Local Plan for Wealden District Council.

CA Character Appraisals are now a requirement when designating new or revising existing CAs. To help LPAs with designation and appraisal of CAs, English Heritage has published several documents:

• Understanding Place: Conservation Area Designation, Appraisal and Management’ (2010); • Understanding Place: Historic Area Assessment, Principles and Practice; (2010); and • Understanding Place: Historic Area Assessments in a Planning and Development Context (2010)

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These documents provide useful guidance on policy, procedure and on the management of CAs. This will ensure that the Character Appraisals provide a thorough assessment of each CA and ‘define the special architectural or historic interest which warranted area designation in published and detailed character analysis’.

Importance of Conservation Areas The importance of areas with strong local character was recognised by the Civic Amenities Act in 1969. English Heritage confirms the continuing significance of CAs:

"Such areas have a strong sense of place and, by suggesting continuity and stability provide points of reference in a rapidly changing world: they represent familiar and cherished local scenes. A mixture of historic buildings, frequently reflecting an older framework of streets and spaces will almost always be visually pleasing, whether the buildings illustrate the local vernacular refined over time, the calculated proportions of Georgian buildings, the exuberance of Victorian commercial architecture, or a mixture of these and landscape features. All Conservation Areas will contribute in some way to the quality of the lives of those who live, work, shop or play in them."

The National Planning Policy Framework replaced previous planning policy guidance and statements relating to the Historic Environment. It requires LPAs to ‘set out in their Local Plan a positive strategy for the conservation and enjoyment of the historic environment’. (para 126) This includes the designation of CAs and consideration of how development could harm the significance of a CA and how it may effect its setting.

Need for Review The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 places a duty on every LPA to determine which parts of their area are areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance, and to designate those areas as CAs.

Whilst it is for the LPA to identify and designate CAs, the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Section 71, also requires that:

“It shall be the duty of a LPA from time-to-time to formulate and publish proposals for the preservation and enhancement of any parts of their area which are Conservation Areas”.

There is also the duty to review the past exercise of functions and to determine whether any parts or any further parts of a LPA’s area should be designated as CAs, and if so, to designate those parts accordingly.

Wealden District Council currently has 26 CAs designated in the following locations:

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• Cade Street • Chiddingly • Cousely Wood • Crowborough • Danehill • East Hoathly • Fletching • Forest Row • Framfield • Frant • Hailsham • Hartfield • Hellingly • Maresfield • Mayfield • Old Heathfield • Pevensey & Westham • Ripe • Rotherfield • Rushlake Green • Selmeston • Uckfield • Wadhurst • Waldron • Willingdon, Church Street • Withyham

It is intended that the D&SALP will have a policy relating to the Historic Environment. Therefore, it will be a requirement to show the boundaries of the designated CAs on the accompanying proposals map.

The CAs have been designated and appraised at different times over the past 44 years, with the oldest designation and appraisal dating back to 1969 (Mayfield). In order for up to date information to be incorporated within the D&SALP, and to provide an appropriate evidence base to be tested at examination, it will be necessary to reappraise all the current CAs, to ensure that the boundaries are drawn appropriately.

The appraisal process will ascertain whether the designated areas should be larger, smaller, or the status removed and will also provide a thorough appraisal of the special architectural or historic interest of the CA.

It will also be necessary to assess whether any other areas in the District should be designated as a CA, and to appraise any such areas.

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Need for Management Within The Act, there is a requirement to formulate and publish proposals for the preservation and enhancement of CAs within a LPA area. Subsequent to appraisal of the areas, SPD(s) can be drawn up in relation to management of the areas and to provide more bespoke development control guidance relating to development within CAs, or development outside CAs which affects their setting. Appropriate management tools, such as Management Plans in conjunction with use of Article 4 Directions to remove certain permitted development rights, can help to prevent incremental change and erosion of detail of CAs which can lead to a dilution of their significance and character for which they were originally designated. These management tools, together with the application of development management and other planning policy measures will help to preserve or enhance the area’s special architectural or historic interest.

Regular future reviews of the Conservation Area Appraisals English Heritage Guidance suggests that it is good practice to review CAs every five years. Future reviews will help to highlight areas where additional protection or remediation is required, such as Article 4 Directions to control permitted development rights; or potential for Urgent Works Notices. Regular reviews will ensure protection is maintained and threats and opportunities identified. The outcome of a review is likely to form an addendum to the original appraisal and will record what has changed, confirming (or redefining) the special interest that warrants designation, setting out any new recommendations and revising the management strategy.

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Chapter 2 - Legislation

The Civic Amenities Act 1967

There had been a growing awareness that whole areas could be of interest and value in their own right, as well as individual buildings and trees. The Act introduced the concept of CAs for the first time and their definition as ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’. (Section 1(5)).

The Town & Country Planning Act 1990

This Act recognised for the first time the individual importance of CAs, which became subject of a separate Act, to also include Listed Buildings.

Planning (Listed Buildings & Conservation Areas) Act 1990 (hereafter referred to as ‘the Act’.

Part II of the 1990 Act relates to CAs and is split into five parts:

1. The designation of CAs; 2. The general duties of Planning Authorities; 3. Control over demolition; 4. Grants; and 5. Town Schemes

In addition to the primary Act, the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Regulations 1990 were introduced to provide for the detailed implementation of the Act.

The designation of Conservation Areas Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as CAs any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’. This designation gives LPAs the opportunity to adopt specific conservation policies for the preservation and enhancement of particular historic areas and to have some control over demolition of non-listed buildings and structures that help to define the CA’s special interest.

Section 69 of the Act also states:

‘It shall be the duty of a local planning authority from time to time to review the past exercise of functions under this section and to determine whether any parts of any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation areas; and , if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly’. (s.69(2)).

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Therefore, the continuing duty of the LPA in respect of the re-visitation of designation and consideration of designation of new CAs is underlined.

The general duties of planning authorities Section 71 of the Act further requires the ‘formulation and publication of proposals for preservation and enhancement of conservation areas’. (s.71). This normally takes the form of an initial appraisal document that summarises the special historic character of the area and contains a map delineating the boundary of the area and marking any special historic features it is desirable to retain, such as walls and open spaces. This document is often followed by a management plan, outlining future proposals for the continuing preservation and enhancement of elements within the CA. The appraisals and management plans are usually incorporated into the local planning process.

Section 72 of the Act requires that ‘special attention be paid to the desirability of preserving or enhancing the character or appearance of that area; in the exercise of planning functions.’ Therefore, a LPA must consider this when determining any planning application on a building or land within a CA.

Control of demolition The Act clarified that consent is not required for the ‘alteration or extension’ of an unlisted building, but only for its ‘demolition’. (Schedule 3, Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Regulations 1990). Therefore, consent is required for almost any works for the demolition for all, or almost all, of any building within a CA (s74(1) of the Act). However, consent is not required for demolition for a structure or building covered by other consents:

(a) Listed buildings (listed building consent); (b) Ecclesiastical buildings still in ecclesiastical use (ecclesiastical exemption); (c) A Scheduled Ancient Monument (scheduled monument consent; (d) Demolition of a building in any exempted categories set out in a direction by the Secretary of State.

The Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 superseded the requirement for Conservation Area Consent for demolition in Conservation Areas and planning permission is now required.

Grants and Town Schemes This are of the Act discusses the use of grants and town schemes to aid preservation and enhancement of structures within CAs.

National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF)

The NPPF replaced PPS 5 ‘Planning and the Historic Environment’ in 2012. Chapter 12 of the NPPF ‘Conserving and enhancing the historic environment’ sets out the requirements in relation to Heritage Assets, including designation of CAs.

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The NPPF requires LPAs to set out in their Local Plan a positive strategy for the conservation and enjoyment of the historic environment, which should take into account the desirability of sustaining and enhancing the significance of heritage assets; the wider social, cultural, economic and environmental benefits that conservation of the historic environment can bring; the desirability of new development making a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness; and opportunities to draw on the contribution made by the historic environment to the character of a place. (Para 126).

The D&SALP will contain a Historic Environment Policy which will identify designated CAs with Wealden District, and will allow for the re-appraisal of the existing CAs and consideration of new Areas. The comprehensive appraisals will ensure that a positive strategy is in place to sustain and enhance the significance of these Heritage Assets.

With reference to CAs, the NPPF requires that LPAS, when considering designation, ensure that an area justifies such status because of its special architectural or historic interest, and that the concept of conservation is not devalued through the designation of areas that lack special interest. (Para 127). This builds on the statutory duty to review existing CAs to ensure that the designation is still appropriate to all or part, and the duty consider whether new CAs can be justified.

Consideration of the impact of new development on Heritage Assets, including CAs, is the key theme of Chapter 12 of the NPPF. Up to date appraisals will help Wealden to identify and assess the particular significance of the CAs that could be affected by a planning proposal (including by development affecting its setting). (para 129) The Appraisal can be taken into account when considering the impact of a proposal on a CA, to avoid or minimise conflict between the conservation of the Heritage asset and any planning proposal. The NPPF stresses however, that LPAs should look for opportunities for new development with CAs and within their setting, to enhance or better reveal their significance, (para 137), however, the significance of elements of the CA must be understood (para 138) and this is best achieved by a comprehensive character appraisal which is publicly accessible to all.

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Chapter 3 –Implications and benefits of designation

Implications There are implications for both owners of buildings and land in Conservation Areas as well as for local authorities.

CA designation introduces controls over the way owners can alter or develop their properties. It also introduces a duty on the LPA, under S72 of the Act to consider how new development will effect a CA and to pay special attention to the desirability of preserving or enhancing the character or appearance of the area, and its setting.

Planning controls within CAs include:

• Control over demolition of unlisted buildings; • Control over works to trees which are not subject of a Tree Preservation Order; • Fewer types of advertisements with deemed consent; • Restriction on the types of development which can be carried out without the need for planning permission (permitted development rights), including roof extensions, cladding, satellite dishes on front elevations and some types of extensions.

Further implications for the LPA include the duty to review the extent of designations from time to time (S62(2) of the Act); and to formulate and publish proposals for the preservation and enhancement of CAs in their District and to submit them to public consultation (S71 of the Act).

In addition, planning applications for development which would, in the opinion of the LPA, affect the character or appearance of the CA must be publicised and any representations received must be taken into account when determining the application.

Policies in the D&SALP relating to CAs, along with the accompanying appraisals, will be a material consideration when applications for planning permission are considered.

There are also long term implications post designation for the monitoring of change within CAs which could have a harmful impact on their historic character, and the condition of an area’s physical fabric. This potential for change should be monitored and any effects reviewed regularly, with specific action proposed as necessary to deal with issues.

Benefits There are a number of benefits relating to the designation of CAs, both for home owners and LPAS.

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Research commissioned by English Heritage and carried out by the London School of Economics (LSE) in 2012 has proved the value of CAs. The research involved:

1. A statistical analysis of over 1 million property transactions between 1995 and 2010 from the Nationwide building society, and data on the characteristics of over 8000 English CAs. This was the first rigorous, large-scale, analysis of the effects of CAs on house prices in England. 2. An assessment of people's perceptions of CAs, and how these relate to house prices. This involved a survey of residents in 10 CAs in and around London, supplemented by interviews with local planning officers.

The analysis of house prices found that:

• People value living in CAs; • That CAs have had stronger house price appreciation than other areas; • That properties closer to the centre of CAs sell for more; and • That people value living near to CAs.

The survey of CA residents found that:

• There was overall no universal negative attitude toward planning regulations. • Home owners who had applied for permission were generally more likely to have positive attitudes toward planning controls than those who had not applied. • Especially in areas with higher house prices and low deprivation, strong planning control was often linked back to protecting the coherence of a neighbourhood. • The more distinctive and attractive residents perceived an area to be, the higher the property premiums were found to be in that area. • Areas where residents expressed more concern about planning being a constraint tended to be those with lower property premiums

Benefits for the LPA include the fact that there is the potential to carry out urgent works to unlisted buildings which provide an important contribution to the character of the CA, subject to authorisation by the Secretary of State. Additional controls, in the form of Article 4 Directions, can also be used to protect unlisted buildings form unsympathetic minor alterations, or inappropriate subdivision of open areas/inappropriate boundary treatments, which may damage the character of a CA.

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Chapter 4 – Methodology for the designation of Conservation Areas in Wealden District

Criteria for measuring special interest and drawing the boundaries There are no formal criteria within Government Legislation or Guidance relating to the method of consideration of designation of CAs, however, taking into account the English Heritage advice notes, the following criteria is considered appropriate when considering the review of existing CAs or the designation of any new Areas:

Selection of Areas

• The majority of the built form has some strong intrinsic architectural or historic merit relating to age, design, choice of materials, planform, etc. • The area represents an important phase in the historic development of the settlement. • The built form, as a group, makes an important visual contribution to the settlement. • The area has a distinctive character derived from its historic pattern of land uses.

The selection of an area could be based on one or more of the above criteria; however, it is important to take into account the extent of erosion of historic detail and intrusion of modern inappropriate development to ensure that there is sufficient special interest to warrant designation.

Selection of Boundaries

• Edges of original settlements, based on archival material and on-site survey; • Historic property and field boundaries; • The relationship between buildings, their setting and adjoining open spaces or landscaping, including historic research on the development of the settlement and the significance of planform; • Topographical features which form an integral part of the setting of the historic built environment, to include historical research of why the settlement development within the associated landscape.

Consideration of potential new Conservation Areas Section 69 of the Act imposes a duty on Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) to designate as CAs any ‘areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character of appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance’.

Section 69 of the Act also states: ‘It shall be the duty of a local planning authority from time to time to review the past exercise of functions under this section and to determine whether any parts of any further parts of their area should be designated as conservation

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areas; and , if they so determine, they shall designate those parts accordingly’. (s.69(2)).

The preferred methodology to determine whether any further parts of the District should be designated as CAs is as follows:

• A desk top exercise to consider all settlements within the District currently without a CA, to include areas of contiguous built form which may not necessarily constitute a town or village. This desk top exercise will be based on officer knowledge of the District, and, where necessary, preliminary historic research, and will result in a shortlist of potential new Areas. • A visit to each of the potential Areas to ascertain whether they meet the criteria for Selection of Areas. This will immediately delete some potential Areas from the shortlist, and should leave areas which meet some or all of the selection criteria. Further historical research may be required to understand how potential areas could more appropriately meet the selection criteria.

The application of this methodology will ensure a consistent approach across the District and will ensure that the Council meets the statutory duty laid down in Section 69 of the Act.

Re-appraisal of existing Conservation Areas The existing twenty six CAs have been variously designated and appraised between 1969 and 2003. In some instances, the original designation and appraisal has not been updated for over forty years. This has lead to a significant contrast in the quality of character appraisals. In addition, there has been a lack of management of the majority of the CAs, which has lead to erosion of historic detailing (as demonstrated by the work undertaken for Rotherfield CA and associated Article 4 Direction).

The long time period over which the individual designation and appraisal of CAs within the District has been undertaken has lead to inconsistencies in approach, with the more modern appraisals being more detailed. Changes in legislation and guidance over the past forty years have also lead to more comprehensive consideration of what should comprise a CA.

Taking into account the age of the designations and appraisals; the potential erosion of historic character since original designation; the current guidance from English Heritage; and the requirement of the NPPF to ensure that designation is not devalued through areas that lack special interest, it is considered that, for the sake of consistency, the existing Areas should be assessed as if being considered for the first time. The most appropriate methodology will be to utilise the criteria for Selection of Areas and Selection of Boundaries.

English Heritage Guidance, Understanding Place: Conservation Area Designation, Appraisal and Management (para 1.14), states that in areas designated many years ago, original interest may have been so eroded by the

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cumulative effect of piecemeal change or by single examples of poorly designed development that some parts of the area are no longer special, and boundary revisions are needed to exclude them. In some cases, the CA designation may need to be reconsidered. Consistent application of the Selection Criteria will ensure that only areas which still maintain special interest retain designation.

Conversely, it may be the case that original boundaries have been drawn too tightly and therefore, it may be appropriate to extend the boundaries of an existing area to incorporate additional elements of a settlement which meet the Selection of Area criteria.

Identification of unlisted buildings and structures of local vernacular and/or historic interest English Heritage guidance recognises that unlisted buildings/structures often make a vital contribution to local distinctiveness and enhance the historic character of areas.

As part of the CA appraisal process, it is appropriate to identify such buildings or structures as they help to preserve and enhance the wider historic character of the area.

In order to ensure appropriate identification of such buildings/structures, consistent application of the following criterion is required:

• Has the building qualities of age, style, materials, or any other characteristics which reflect those of at least a substantial number of the buildings in the CA? • Does it relate by age, materials or in any other historically significant way to adjacent listed buildings and contribute positively to their setting? • Does it, individually or as part of a group, serve as a reminder of the gradual development of the settlement in which it is located, or of an earlier phase of growth? • Does it have a significant historic association with established features such as the road layout, burgage plots, a public open space, or landscape feature? • Does the building have landmark quality? • Does it reflect the traditional functional character of, or former uses within, the area? • Has it significant historic associations with local people or past events? • If a building, does its use and internal public space contribute to the character or appearance of the CA?

Any one of these criterion could provide the basis for considering that a building makes a positive contribution to the special interest of a CA, provided that its historic form and qualities have not been seriously eroded by unsympathetic alterations.

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Method of Character Appraisal for Wealden The English Heritage Advice note ‘Understanding Place: Conservation Area Designation, Appraisal and Management’ sets out a basic structure for the appraisal of areas to be designated as CAs, or the re-appraisal of existing designated CAs. This provides a consistent basic approach to the appraisal of CAs, which can be elaborated on and be tailored to suit specific LPA requirements and circumstances.

The English Heritage Advice note ‘Understanding Place: Historic Area Assessments Principles and Practice’, provides a good practice guidance on techniques for fieldwork and preliminary research. The guidance will provide the basis to ensure a consistent approach to appraisal of all existing and proposed CAs in Wealden.

Preliminary Research

For each area under consideration/reappraisal, preliminary research is helpful to identify the main periods of development of a settlement and to identify particular areas, buildings, landscapes or other features of particular historic interest or significance.

This research should include, but is not limited to:

• Historic Environment Records (HERS) • Victoria County History (VCH) • RCHME Volumes • Buildings of England, Pevsner, Sussex • Trade and street directories • Old photographs • Discussion with ESCC Archaeology department

Identification of planning constraints, including:

• Scheduled Ancient Monuments, • Sites of Archaeological Importance, • Landscape designations, • Tree preservation orders

The field survey and local consultation may highlight other aspects, which may require further additional documentary research.

Field Survey The field survey will refine the understanding of the evolution of the area and will enable refined assessment of the character of the area in ‘three dimensions’. Preliminary research, although desktop in nature, will help to inform the fieldwork. The fieldwork will also provide additional information about how the character of an area can change depending on the season or time of day.

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It is good practice for more than one person to undertake the survey. This will help to enable a consistent and holistic approach to the field work and will enable photographs to be taken; map(s) to be annotated; and a basic checklist completed, at the time of each visit. It may be appropriate to visit an area on more than one occasion to experience the area at different times of the day.

A map of the area should be annotated with basic character appraisal information such as, but not limited to:

• Listed buildings and structures; • Unlisted buildings of local vernacular and/or historic interest; • Focal points; • Views – in, out, through and glimpsed; • Important boundary treatments – hedges, fences, walls; • Important trees; • Important open spaces – large and small (could include wide verges if this is characteristic of an area); • Areas of archaeological importance.

This map will help to inform the written character appraisal and also form the basis of the visual appraisal map within the appraisal report.

A basic checklist should be completed on site for each area (see appendix) and will also help to inform the written appraisal. Such an approach has been used successfully in other LPAs to ensure a consistent approach to appraisal work.

A dated photographic record should be made of each fieldwork visit, to include:

• Buildings and individual details / materials; • Other structures, including boundary features and landmarks; • Open spaces; • The natural environment; • Views through, in and out of the area.

The photographs will need to be dated and annotated and will be invaluable when writing and illustrating the appraisal document, as well as providing a detailed snapshot in time of the area for future management purposes.

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Appraisal Document Content

Consultation information Contact details

Executive summary This comprises a brief description of the settlement, its history, the main character areas, the quality of the built environment, other important components of the area, and why the designation.

Part 1: Introduction This should comprise a brief background of why the appraisal is being undertaken, that it is in conjunction with D&SALP and associated Historic Environment Policy and what the appraisal will be used for and who will benefit from the appraisals.

Part 2: Background This is the general legislative background to CA appraisals and can provide some location specific information if the area has previously been designated and appraised.

Part 3: Context This part of the appraisal puts the settlement into historic context, and should cover its location and setting:

• Topography and Landscape • Historic development of the landscape and settlement • Areas of archaeological potential

Part 4: Appraisal of the CA The appraisal is split into two main sections:

• Key characteristics of the CA – a summary of what is special about the area to be designated. This list will be informed by the full appraisal process. • Character Areas within the CA – it is likely, particularly within larger CAs, that there will be elements with distinct character. These areas should be separately identified and appraised.

For each character area (or Conservation Area if individual character areas are not identified), the appraisal should identify:

• the location of the character area and what borders it; • the historic significance of this character area within the wider CA; • the planform and built form (identifying particular buildings/structures as examples); • why any elements of the settlement adjacent to the character area have been excluded;

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Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology Local Plan Review February 2014

• open spaces and boundary treatments characteristic of this part of the CA; • any particular issues in the character area which are having a harmful impact on the historic significance; • prominent features (man made or natural); • important views through the character area; • identification of listed buildings and unlisted buildings/structures of local vernacular/historic interest (with examples); • sounds, smells and general activity within the character area – positives and negatives.

Use of this list will ensure a consistent approach is taken to the written appraisal of all the CAs within the District.

Part 5: Architectural detail, materials, textures and colours This part of the appraisal provides a comprehensive review of the important and significant historic detailing of the built environment:

• Introduction • Walls • Roofs • Windows • Doors • Garden walls, fences and other means of enclosure • Key characteristics

Part 6: The contribution of trees, open spaces and other landscape features This part of the appraisal considers the character derived from the contribution made by trees, hedges, open spaces and other natural elements contained within it.

• Introduction • Trees and hedgerows • Open spaces • Other natural features in the landscape • Other man made features in the landscape • Important views • Key characteristics

Part 7: Other issues affecting the conservation area This part of the document enables identification of any other issues that affect the character of the CA, and this could include the following:

• Noise and disturbance – particularly from vehicular traffic; • Smell; • Pressure for development – opportunities and constraints; • Any other local issues.

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Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology Local Plan Review February 2014

Part 8: Summary This part of the appraisal should provide a brief summary of character, the reason for designation of the area, information to justify any boundary review that has been undertaken if this is a re-appraisal, a brief conclusion; and an indication of the type of consultation that has been undertaken as part of the review/designation process:

• Character • Reason for Designation • Boundary Review • Conclusion • Consultation Undertaken

Annexes:

• Map(s) showing conservation area boundaries • Map(s) showing character areas • Maps(s) showing visual appraisal • Glossary of terms • References • Public consultation

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Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology Local Plan Review February 2014

Chapter 5 - Conservation Area Management

Monitoring of change Monitoring of change within designated CAs is important as areas can change through incremental stages, or quite suddenly. Monitoring can take place through regular appraisal of CAs to understand the pressures for change. There is potential to manage change within CAs to ensure that the special historic character and interest is preserved and enhanced.

Management Plan Subsequent to appraisal of CAs, Supplementary Planning Document(s) SPD(s) can be drawn up in relation to management of the areas to provide more bespoke guidance relating to development within, or development outside CAs which affect their setting.

Appropriate management tools, such as Management Plans, in conjunction with use of Article 4 Directions to remove certain permitted development rights, can help to prevent incremental change and erosion of detail of CAs which can lead to a dilution of their significance and character for which they were originally designated.

A management plan should set out the way in which development pressure, and neglect, will be managed, to ensure CAs retain the qualities which led to their designation. A management plan can also contain:

• Guidance • Regeneration and enhancement • Street and traffic management • Trees, Open Space and Green Infrastructure Strategy, • Enforcement and Remediation Strategy

Article 4 Directions A4Ds are issued by a Council in circumstances where specific control over development is required, primarily where the defined character of an area would be threatened. They are commonly, but not solely, applied to CAs to control change. These powers to serve a Direction are within Article 4 of the Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) Order, 1995 (GPDO).

Article 4 Directions:

• Need to be fully justified by way of a full character appraisal or similar exercise; • Private dwelling houses which make a positive contribution towards the character and appearance of a CA should be considered for A4Ds • A4Ds should only be considered where over 80% (preferably 100%) of the individual building’s features are retained and similarly when considering groups, over 80% of features in total survive intact; • A4Ds should be selective and relate to individual buildings.

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Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology Local Plan Review February 2014

Resource implications to cover the number of CAs in District (to be confirmed through the Appraisal process) would be significant. Therefore, any exercise would be selective and targeted, based on a thorough understanding of the potential of A4Ds for managing change in CAs.

It is likely that most of the CAs would benefit from A4Ds, except, potentially, those almost entirely comprised of Listed Buildings, where control over change already exists.

Summary These management tools, together with the application of development management and other planning policy measures will help to preserve or enhance a CA’s special architectural or historic interest.

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Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology Local Plan Review February 2014

Appendix 1 – Field survey checklist

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Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology Local Plan Review February 2014

Conservation Area Appraisal Field Record Sheet To be used in conjunction with map annotation and photographs

Date: Appraiser:

Photograph numbers:

Character Area: (Could be whole CA, or just a part, to include location and what borders the character area. Principal stages of development: (eg. historic development of character area, dates of development, periods of development).

Layout and how this has been influenced: (eg. Ownership, administration, highways, planform – typical and atypical, economy)

Types of buildings and uses/function of spaces: (eg. location of similar types, how have these buildings influenced the development of the area, form/function of spaces between buildings; views).

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Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology Local Plan Review February 2014

Architectural character: (eg. Dominant components – building styles;, materials; changes to buildings – including trends; erosion of details)

Landscape character: (eg. role of open spaces and of natural/designed landscape features, relationship to adjoining countryside; surface evidence for archaeology, trees, hedgerows, fences/boundary treatments; views).

Condition of the historic environment: (eg. what has been lost, what retains high degree of integrity or has been fragmented/altered, what has survived best/worst, what is in good condition/poor condition, are there any at-risk properties, identification of undesignated assets of local/vernacular importance, pressures for change).

Other impacts on the historic environment: (eg. sounds, smells and general activity – positive and negative; any other local issues).

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Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology Local Plan Review February 2014

Summary and any other observations/conclusions: (include why adjacent elements may have been excluded from the character area; and boundary review comments.

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Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology Local Plan Review February 2014

Appendix 2 – Consultation procedure

The sequence for the designation, variation or cancellation of a Conservation Area within Wealden District, including statutory requirements, is as follows:

1. Procedural Stage: Prior to designation or review of existing Conservation Areas

Initial consultation with Parish Councils via presentation to Council A Meetings

Carry out initial survey of the area, and historic research, in B* accordance with the Methodology in this document, which is in accordance with English Heritage Guidelines

Further consultation with interested Parish Councils, Local History Societies, etc, Development Management, County Archaeology, C* Policy Team officers. (Delivery and Site Allocations Issues and Options Consultation Stage).

Formulate proposals within a draft document in line with the D* Methodology in this document, which is in accordance with English Heritage Guidelines.

Public consultation in line with the Delivery & Site Allocations Local E Plan timetable, to include public exhibitions.

Final appraisal documents formulated to incorporate feedback F from public consultation, as appropriate

Final pre-submission consultation stage for Delivery and Site G Allocations Local Plan

Submission of appraisal documents alongside the Delivery and H Site Allocations Local Plan to the Secretary of State

(*) It is likely that stages B, C and D will occur in parallel.

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Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology Local Plan Review February 2014

2. Procedural Stages: Post Designation/Review

Compile a Schedule, together with map and schedule of A properties/land affected. Publish Notice in at least one local newspaper and also the London Gazette.

B Notify English Heritage.

Update GIS system with changes and advise Land Charges of C designation, including schedule of properties within the Conservation Area.

Send standard letter/leaflet to all properties affected by the D designation.

E Advise internal Council departments of the designations.

Advise the following bodies of the designations: • Parish Councils • County Council – Archaeology and Highways F • National Amenities societies. • Civic groups. • Local Amenity Societies

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Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology Local Plan Review February 2014

Appendix 3 – References

Legislation and Policy Guidance

• Civic Amenities Act 1967 • Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 • Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 • Town and Country Planning Act 1990 • Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development Order) 1995 (as amended) • National Planning Policy Framework 2012

English Heritage

• Understanding Place: An Introduction 2010 (Revised 2012) • Understanding Place: Historic Area Assessments in a Planning and Development Context 2010 (Revised 2012) • Understanding Place: Historic Area Assessment: Principles and Practice 2010 (Revised 2012) • Understanding Place: Conservation Area Designation, Appraisal and Management 2010 (Revised 2012) • Valuing Places: Good Practice in Conservation Areas • Conservation bulletin, Issue 62: Autumn 2009, Conservation Areas

East Sussex County Council

• East Sussex County Council Archaeology Department • Historic Environment Record, East Sussex • The National Heritage List for England: http://www.english- heritage.org.uk/professional/protection/process/national-heritage-list- for-england/

Wealden District Council

• Wealden Local Plan 1998 • Conservation Area Appraisal Documents and Management Plans: 1969-2005

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Conservation Area Appraisal Background Paper and Methodology Local Plan Review February 2014

Books

• Listed Buildings, Conservation Areas and Monuments, Fourth Edition, Charles Mynors, 2006, Sweet & Maxwell • Sussex (The Buildings: Buildings of England) (Pevsner Architectural Guides: Buildings of England), Ian Nairn and Nikolaus Pevsner, Yale University Press; New edition (2003)

Other

• An assessment of the effects of conservation areas on value, London School of Economics and Political Science, Final Report, May 2012 • Trade and Street Directories • Victoria County History, Sussex: http://www.victoriacountyhistory.ac.uk/counties/sussex

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Published by Wealden District Council Council Offices Vicarage Lane Hailsham East Sussex BN27 2AX Tel: 01323 443322 Fax: 01323 443333 e-mail: [email protected] Website: www.wealden.gov.uk