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Alien Legacy On-Line Documentation
™ ContentsContents INTRODUCTION ————————————————— 4 αGETTING STARTED ———————————————— 6 About This Manual —————————————— 6 Manual Changes And Additions ————————— 6 Installing Alien Legacy ————————————— 6 System Requirements ————————————— 6 Installing Alien Legacy On Your Hard Drive ———— 7 Starting Alienβ Legacy ————————————— 7 Start-Up Problems ——————————————— 7 Changing Sound Options ——————————— 8 HISTORICAL BRIEFING ——————————————— 9 QUICK REFERENCE ——————————————— 12 Control Screen Diagram ——————————— 12 Game Controls ——————————————— 14 Commands ———————————————— 14 ORIENTATION TOUR —————————————— 20 CALYPSO CONTROLS GUIDE ——————————— 27 Startup Menu ——————————————— 27 Universal Commands ———————————— 27 Bridge ——————————————————— 28 γ General Options Menu ——————————— 30 Video Phone ———————————————— 31 Comm. Panel ———————————————— 31 Advisor Screens —————————————— 32 Technology Manager ———————————— 34 Inventions ————————————————— 34 Sciences —————————————————— 35 Vehicle Manager —————————————— 36 Missions —————————————————— 37 Cargo ——————————————————— 40 Launching Or Changing A Mission —————— 41 Mercator Map ——————————————— 42 Inactive Map Options ———————————— 42 Active Map Options ————————————— 43 Ship Controls ———————————————— 44 Surface Exploration Screen —————————— 46 Main Window ——————————————— 46 2 Control Panel ———————————————— 47 δOther Displays ——————————————— 48 Space Map ———————————————— 50 Main Window ——————————————— 50 Space Map Controls ————————————— 51 Planet Options Menu ε———————————— 52 Colony Manager —————————————— -
LECTURE NOTE 5: the MEMORY MANAGEMENT REAL MODE Allows the Microprocessor to Address Only the First 1Mbyte of Memory Even If Its Pentium II Microprocessor
LECTURE NOTE 5: THE MEMORY MANAGEMENT REAL MODE Allows the microprocessor to address only the first 1Mbyte of memory even if its Pentium II microprocessor. The first 1Mbyte of memory is called either the real mode or conventional memory system. The DOS operating system requires the microprocessor to operate in this mode. It allows application software. Segment and Offset Through the combination of these two, a memory location is accessed in the real mode. All real mode memory address must consist of a segment address plus an offset address. Segment Address Defines the beginning address of any 64k-byte memory segment. Offset Address Sometimes called displacement or relative. Selects any location within the 64k-byte memory segment. It is the distance above the start of the segment. Note: Each segment register is internally appended with a 0H on its right end. The segment address can begin only at a 16-byte boundary, which is called paragraph. Once the beginning address in known, an ending address is known, by adding FFFFH. The code segment register defines the start of the code segment and the instruction pointer to locate the next instruction within the code segment. This combination (CS:IP or CS:EIP) locates the next instruction executed by the microprocessor. Stack data are referenced through the stack segment at the memory location addressed by either the stack pointer (SP/ESP) or the base pointer (BP/EBP). These combinations are referred to as SS:SP (SS:ESP) or SS:BP (SS:EBP). Addressing Modes 1. Register Addressing Mode transfer a copy of a byte or word from the source register or memory location to the destination register or memory location. -
The Pentium Processor
Chapter 7 The Pentium Processor 7–1 The main purpose of registers is to provide a scratch pad so that the processor can keep data on a temporary basis. For example, the processor may keep the procedure return address, stack pointer, instruction pointer, and so on. Registers are also used to keep the data handy so that it can avoid costly memory accesses. Keeping frequently accessed data in registers is a common compiler optimization technique. 7–2 Pentium supports the following three address spaces: 1. Linear address space 2. Physical address space 3. I/O address space (from discussion in Section 1.7) 7–3 In segmented memory organization, memory is partitioned into segments, where each segment is a small part of the memory. In the real mode, each segment of memory is a linear contiguous sequence of up to 64 KB. In the protected mode, it can be up to 4 GB. Pentium supports segmentation largely to provide backward compatibility to 8086. Note that 8086 is a 16-bit processor with 20 address lines. This mismatch between the processor’s 16-bit registers and 20-bit addresses is solved by using the segmented memory architecture. This segmented architecture has been carried over to Pentium. However, in the protected mode, it is possible to consider the entire memory as a single segment; thus, segmentation is completely turned off. 7–4 In the real mode, a segment is limited to 64 KB due to the fact that 16 bits are used to indicate the offset value into a segment. This magic number 16 is due to the 16-bit registers used 8086 processor. -
Powershell Core Ja Sitä Edeltävät Komentorivi- Pohjaiset Hallintatyökalut
Ismail Belmostefa PowerShell Core ja sitä edeltävät komentorivi- pohjaiset hallintatyökalut Metropolia Ammattikorkeakoulu Insinööri (AMK) Tietotekniikan koulutusohjelma Insinöörityö 12.12.2016 Tiivistelmä Tekijä Ismail Belmostefa Otsikko PowerShell Core ja sitä edeltävät komentorivipohjaiset hallin- tatyökalut Sivumäärä 38 sivua + 2 liitettä Aika 12.12.2016 Tutkinto Insinööri (AMK) Koulutusohjelma Tietotekniikka Suuntautumisvaihtoehto Ohjelmistotekniikka Ohjaaja Kari Sundberg Ohjaajat Yliopettaja Markku Nuutinen Insinöörityön aiheena oli PowerShell Core ja sitä edeltävät komentorivipohjaiset hallinta- työkalut. Tavoite oli ymmärtää näiden asennusympäristö, alla käytetyt teknologiat ja niihin liittyvä terminologia. Tutkimustyö syntyi harjoittelutyön muistiinpanojen lopputuloksena sekä tutkimalla alan kirjallisuutta ja verkkomateriaalia. Insinöörityössä selvitettiin PowerShell Coren ja sitä edeltävien komentorivipohjaisten hal- lintatyökalujen alla käytetyt teknologiat, terminologia, käyttökohteet ja motivaatio niiden syntyyn. Koska komentorivipohjaiset hallintatyökalut on rakennettu asennusympäristön tar- joamien palveluiden päälle, palveluiden toiminnan hahmottaminen edesauttaa komentori- vin käyttöä ja soveltamista. Tutkimustyötä on hyödynnetty tietokoneen ylläpidossa, ohjel- moinnissa ja peruskäytössä. Tutkimustyö osoitti asennusympäristön kokonaiskuvan hallit- semisen tärkeyden komentorivipohjaisten työkalujen käytössä. Avainsanat DDE, OLE, COM, .NET, CMD.EXE, COMMAND.COM, WSH, MOM, PowerShell Abstract Author Ismail Belmostefa Title -
Thank You for Purchasing the Elder Scrolls: Arena. Dedicated Rpgers
The Elder Scrolls ARENA hank you for purchasing The Elder Scrolls: Arena. Dedicated RPGers have invested an incredible amount of effort into creating this detailed simulation. If you enjoy the game, please pass the word! There is no better advertising than a satisfied customer. TYou can also purchase the second chapter of The Elder Scrolls, entitled Daggerfall, in Fall 1996. TES: Daggerfall will feature the same open-endedness and breadth as Arena, but will feature increased NPC (Non-Player-Character) interaction, a faster, more sophisticated 3-D engine, and a more extensive storyline. With all the planned enhancements, Daggerfall will give you even more of an opportunity to role-play your character as you choose. We are very excited about Daggerfall and what it will mean to the role-playing community. On our part, we promise to keep bringing you the best in computer simulation software and welcome any suggestions you may have for how we can serve you better. Journey well, and peace be with you. —The Bethesda Team Installing the Game Place the CD into your computer’s CD-ROM drive. Type the drive letter followed by a colon (Ex: D: for most CD-ROM drives) and hit <ENTER>. Next type INSTALL and hit <ENTER>. If you are installing Arena from floppy disks, select ‘Install Game’ and follow the prompts. Because you are installing from the CDROM, 5 megabytes of data will be copied to your hard drive when you select ‘Exit’. The next step is to configure your game (see below). Configuring Arena to your System To configure any Sound FX and Music drivers once Arena has successfully installed (if you wish to play the game with sound and/or music), choose the ‘Configure Game’ option. -
Xv6 Booting: Transitioning from 16 to 32 Bit Mode
238P Operating Systems, Fall 2018 xv6 Boot Recap: Transitioning from 16 bit mode to 32 bit mode 3 November 2018 Aftab Hussain University of California, Irvine BIOS xv6 Boot loader what it does Sets up the hardware. Transfers control to the Boot Loader. BIOS xv6 Boot loader what it does Sets up the hardware. Transfers control to the Boot Loader. how it transfers control to the Boot Loader Boot loader is loaded from the 1st 512-byte sector of the boot disk. This 512-byte sector is known as the boot sector. Boot loader is loaded at 0x7c00. Sets processor’s ip register to 0x7c00. BIOS xv6 Boot loader 2 source source files bootasm.S - 16 and 32 bit assembly code. bootmain.c - C code. BIOS xv6 Boot loader 2 source source files bootasm.S - 16 and 32 bit assembly code. bootmain.c - C code. executing bootasm.S 1. Disable interrupts using cli instruction. (Code). > Done in case BIOS has initialized any of its interrupt handlers while setting up the hardware. Also, BIOS is not running anymore, so better to disable them. > Clear segment registers. Use xor for %ax, and copy it to the rest (Code). 2. Switch from real mode to protected mode. (References: a, b). > Note the difference between processor modes and kernel privilege modes > We do the above switch to increase the size of the memory we can address. BIOS xv6 Boot loader 2 source source file executing bootasm.S m. Let’s 2. Switch from real mode to protected mode. expand on this a little bit Addressing in Real Mode In real mode, the processor sends 20-bit addresses to the memory. -
XICE Lnstallationguide for Motorola 68000, 68HCOOO, 68ECOOO and 68302 Development Systems for DOS and UNIX Hosts
1mmm Applied Microsystems Corporation XICE lnstallationGuide for Motorola 68000, 68HCOOO, 68ECOOO and 68302 Development Systems for DOS and UNIX Hosts May 1993 PIN 922-17140-03 Copyright© 1993 Applied Microsystems Corporation All rights reserved. \' '\'9~t\B<\', nnt:iubmv ~'9\nt . ,:~ s no gnilis' IBM XT and IBM AT are trademarks of IBM Corporation Microsoft and MS-DOS™ are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Microtec is a registered trademarks of Microtec Research, Inc. SP ARC, SPARCstation, Sun, Sun-3, Sun-4, NFS, and PC-NFS are trademarks o Microsystems, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark of AT&T. VALIDATE is a registered tradmark of Applied Microsystems Corporation I Contents Chapter 1 Introduction Organization of the documentation................................... 1-2 Overview of the toolchain................................................... 1-4 XICE ............................................................................. 1-4 XRAY............................................................................ 1-4 C Cross Compiler......................................................... 1-4 C++ Compiler............................................................... 1-4 Chapter2 Installing on a Sun Workstation Step 1: Check minimum requirements ................ ............. 2-2 Requirements for Sun 4 (SPARC) workstations........ 2-2 Step 2: Set up the directory structure............................... 2-3 · Step 3: Copy the software from the tape........................... 2-4 Step 4: Define individual user's setup.............................. -
X86 Memory Protection and Translation
2/5/20 COMP 790: OS Implementation COMP 790: OS Implementation Logical Diagram Binary Memory x86 Memory Protection and Threads Formats Allocators Translation User System Calls Kernel Don Porter RCU File System Networking Sync Memory Device CPU Today’s Management Drivers Scheduler Lecture Hardware Interrupts Disk Net Consistency 1 Today’s Lecture: Focus on Hardware ABI 2 1 2 COMP 790: OS Implementation COMP 790: OS Implementation Lecture Goal Undergrad Review • Understand the hardware tools available on a • What is: modern x86 processor for manipulating and – Virtual memory? protecting memory – Segmentation? • Lab 2: You will program this hardware – Paging? • Apologies: Material can be a bit dry, but important – Plus, slides will be good reference • But, cool tech tricks: – How does thread-local storage (TLS) work? – An actual (and tough) Microsoft interview question 3 4 3 4 COMP 790: OS Implementation COMP 790: OS Implementation Memory Mapping Two System Goals 1) Provide an abstraction of contiguous, isolated virtual Process 1 Process 2 memory to a program Virtual Memory Virtual Memory 2) Prevent illegal operations // Program expects (*x) – Prevent access to other application or OS memory 0x1000 Only one physical 0x1000 address 0x1000!! // to always be at – Detect failures early (e.g., segfault on address 0) // address 0x1000 – More recently, prevent exploits that try to execute int *x = 0x1000; program data 0x1000 Physical Memory 5 6 5 6 1 2/5/20 COMP 790: OS Implementation COMP 790: OS Implementation Outline x86 Processor Modes • x86 -
Microprocessor Architecture
MICROPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE UOP S.E.COMP (SEM-I) OPERATING IN REAL MODE Prof.P.C.Patil Department of Computer Engg Matoshri College of Engg.Nasik [email protected]. Introduction 2 Introduction . The 80386 microprocessor can operate basically in either Real Mode or Protected Mode. When 80386 is reset or powered up it is initialized in Real Mode. The 80386 maintains the compatibility of the object code with 8086 and 80286 running in real mode. In this mode, the 80386 supports same architecture as the 8086, but it can access the 32-bit register set of 80386DX. In real mode, it is also possible to use addressing modes with the 32-bit override instruction prefixes. 3 Real Mode Programming Model 4 Real Mode Programming Model . The programming model makes it easier to understand the microprocessor in a programming environment. The real mode programming model gives the programming environment for 80386DX in real mode. It shows only those parts of the microprocessor which the programmer can use such as various registers within the microprocessor. 5 6 Real Mode Programming Model . In the diagram, only the shaded portion is a part of real mode. It consists of eight 16-bit registers (IP, CS, DS, SS, ES, FS, GS and Flag register) and eight 32-bit registers (EAX, EBX, ECX, EDX, ESP, EBP, ESI, EDI). In Real mode 80386DX can access the Protection Enable (PE) bit from CR0 which is used to enter into the protected mode. 7 Real Mode Programming Model . 80386DX in real mode is a 8086 with extended registers and two additional data segment registers such as FS and GS. -
Computing :: Operatingsystems :: DOS Beyond 640K 2Nd
DOS® Beyond 640K 2nd Edition DOS® Beyond 640K 2nd Edition James S. Forney Windcrest®/McGraw-Hill SECOND EDITION FIRST PRINTING © 1992 by James S. Forney. First Edition © 1989 by James S. Forney. Published by Windcrest Books, an imprint of TAB Books. TAB Books is a division of McGraw-Hill, Inc. The name "Windcrest" is a registered trademark of TAB Books. Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved. The publisher takes no responsibility for the use of any of the materials or methods described in this book, nor for the products thereof. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Forney, James. DOS beyond 640K / by James S. Forney. - 2nd ed. p. cm. Rev. ed. of: MS-DOS beyond 640K. Includes index. ISBN 0-8306-9717-9 ISBN 0-8306-3744-3 (pbk.) 1. Operating systems (Computers) 2. MS-DOS (Computer file) 3. PC -DOS (Computer file) 4. Random access memory. I. Forney, James. MS-DOS beyond 640K. II. Title. QA76.76.063F644 1991 0058.4'3--dc20 91-24629 CIP TAB Books offers software for sale. For information and a catalog, please contact TAB Software Department, Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17294-0850. Acquisitions Editor: Stephen Moore Production: Katherine G. Brown Book Design: Jaclyn J. Boone Cover: Sandra Blair Design, Harrisburg, PA WTl To Sheila Contents Preface Xlll Acknowledgments xv Introduction xvii Chapter 1. The unexpanded system 1 Physical limits of the system 2 The physical machine 5 Life beyond 640K 7 The operating system 10 Evolution: a two-way street 12 What else is in there? 13 Out of hiding 13 Chapter 2. -
Automated Testing of Firmware Installation and Update Scenarios for Peripheral Devices
DEGREE PROJECT IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, SECOND CYCLE, 30 CREDITS STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN 2019 Automated testing of firmware installation and update scenarios for peripheral devices DAG REUTERSKIÖLD KTH ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE Automated testing of firmware installation and update scenarios for peripheral devices DAG REUTERSKIÖLD Master in Computer Science Date: August 12, 2019 Supervisor: Hamid Faragardi Examiner: Elena Troubitsyna School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Host company: Tobii AB Swedish title: Automatisering av enhetsinstallation, uppdatering och testning med hjälp av virtuella maskiner iii Abstract This research presents an approach to transition from manual to automated testing of hardware specific firmware. The manual approach for firmware test- ing can be repetitive and time consuming. A significant proportion of the time is spent on cleaning and re-installing operating systems so that old firmware does not interfere with the newer firmware that is being tested. The approach in this research utilizes virtual machines and presents an automation framework. One component of the automation framework is an application to imitate con- nected peripheral devices to bypass hardware dependencies of firmware in- stallers. The framework also consists of automation and pipeline scripts with the objective to execute firmware installers and detect errors and abnormalities in the installation and updating processes. The framework can run on locally hosted virtual machines, but is most applicable using cloud hosted virtual ma- chines, where it is part of a continuous integration that builds, downloads, installs, updates and tests new firmware versions, in a completely automated manner. The framework is evaluated by measuring and comparing execution times with manually conducted installation and updating tests, and the result shows that the framework complete tests much faster than the manual approach. -
Open WATCOM Programmer's Guide
this document downloaded from... Use of this document the wings of subject to the terms and conditions as flight in an age stated on the website. of adventure for more downloads visit our other sites Positive Infinity and vulcanhammer.net chet-aero.com Watcom FORTRAN 77 Programmer's Guide Version 1.8 Notice of Copyright Copyright 2002-2008 the Open Watcom Contributors. Portions Copyright 1984-2002 Sybase, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Any part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, or translated in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, manual, optical, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of anyone. For more information please visit http://www.openwatcom.org/ Portions of this manual are reprinted with permission from Tenberry Software, Inc. ii Preface The Watcom FORTRAN 77 Programmer's Guide includes the following major components: · DOS Programming Guide · The DOS/4GW DOS Extender · Windows 3.x Programming Guide · Windows NT Programming Guide · OS/2 Programming Guide · Novell NLM Programming Guide · Mixed Language Programming · Common Problems Acknowledgements This book was produced with the Watcom GML electronic publishing system, a software tool developed by WATCOM. In this system, writers use an ASCII text editor to create source files containing text annotated with tags. These tags label the structural elements of the document, such as chapters, sections, paragraphs, and lists. The Watcom GML software, which runs on a variety of operating systems, interprets the tags to format the text into a form such as you see here. Writers can produce output for a variety of printers, including laser printers, using separately specified layout directives for such things as font selection, column width and height, number of columns, etc.