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A Low-Smoke Pyrotechnic Composition for Producing

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A Low-Smoke Pyrotechnic Composition for Producing (19) TZZ _¥Z_T (11) EP 2 155 630 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.: of the grant of the patent: C06C 15/00 (2006.01) 15.02.2017 Bulletin 2017/07 (86) International application number: (21) Application number: 08741636.8 PCT/NL2008/050215 (22) Date of filing: 16.04.2008 (87) International publication number: WO 2008/127106 (23.10.2008 Gazette 2008/43) (54) A LOW-SMOKE PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION FOR PRODUCING COLORED FLAMES RAUCHARME PYROTECHNISCHE ZUSAMMENSETZUNG ZUR ERZEUGUNG VON FARBIGEN FLAMMEN COMPOSITION PYROTECHNIQUE À FAIBLE ÉMISSION DE FUMÉE POUR PRODUIRE DES FLAMMES COLORÉES (84) Designated Contracting States: (56) References cited: AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR EP-A- 1 127 860 WO-A-03/084900 HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT WO-A2-02/084458 DE-C1- 4 022 991 RO SE SI SK TR US-A- 4 078 954 US-A- 5 917 146 US-B1- 6 214 139 (30) Priority: 16.04.2007 EP 07106229 • DATABASE WPI Week 199715 Thomson (43) Date of publication of application: Scientific, London, GB; AN 1997-163554 24.02.2010 Bulletin 2010/08 XP002368163 & RU 2 064 914 C1 (LYUBERETS SOYUZ RES PRODN ASSOC) 10 August 1996 (73) Proprietor: Clearspark, LLC (1996-08-10) Glendale, CA 91201 (US) • DASGUPTA PURNENDU K ET AL: "Perchlorate in the United States. Analysis of relative source (72) Inventors: contributions to the food chain" ENVIRON. SCI. • WEBB, Rutger TECHNOL.; ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND 3053 LJ Rotterdam (NL) TECHNOLOGY NOV 1 2006, vol. 40, no. 21, 1 • ZEBREGS, Martijn November 2006 (2006-11-01), pages 6608-6614, 2284 CP Rijswijk (NL) XP002461863 • ZEVENBERGEN, John Franciscus • GOLEMAN WANDA L ET AL: "Contribution of 1383 EP Weesp (NL) ammonium ions to the lethality and • VAN ROOIJEN, Murk Pieter antimetamorphic effects of ammonium 3251 AT Stellendam (NL) perchlorate" ENVIRON. TOXICOL. CHEM.; ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND (74) Representative: V.O. CHEMISTRY APRIL 2006, vol. 25, no. 4, April 2006 P.O. Box 87930 (2006-04), pages 1060-1067, XP002461864 2508 DH Den Haag (NL) • DATABASE WPI Week 198117, Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 1981-29810D & JP S5 622698 A (RADIA KOGYO KK) 03 March 1981 Note: Within nine months of the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent in the European Patent Bulletin, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to that patent, in accordance with the Implementing Regulations. Notice of opposition shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). EP 2 155 630 B1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) 1 EP 2 155 630 B1 2 Description smoke, it has the advantages that it has a high extruda- bility, a well-controlled burning rate, and generates at- [0001] The present invention relates to a chlorine-con- tractive colour patterns. taining pyrotechnic composition for producing colored [0010] The chlorine-containing pyrotechnic composi- flames. 5 tions according to the present invention are substantially [0002] Conventional colourful fireworks contain signif- free of perchlorate. In the context of the present invention icant amounts of metal salts and perchlorate to generate this means that they will contain not more then typical the desired colour(s). Such fireworks affect the environ- impuritylevel ( i.e.trace amounts) of perchlorate. So, pref- ment since a small percentage of unburned stars or flares erably, the present pyrotechnic compositions contain contain perchlorate and eventually may end up in drink- 10 less than 0.05% (m/m) (mass percentage), based on total ing water. Another problem associated with known fire- pyrotechnic composition. works is the generation of a lot of smoke which causes [0011] In the pyrotechnic composition according to the major problems in enclosed venues as for instance sport present invention the nitrocellulose is present in an stadiums inside cities. amount in the range of from 85 -95 wt%, based on total [0003] In US 6,214,139 and US 5,917,146 metal salts 15 pyrotechnic composition. of several high nitrogen, low carbon content energetic [0012] Preferably, the nitrocellulose to be used in ac- materials are presented as viable ingredients for low- cordance with the present invention has a nitrogen con- smoke fireworks compositions. tent of less than 14 wt%. More preferably, the nitrocellu- [0004] JP-S-5 622 698 describes compositions for fire- lose has a nitrogen content in the range of from 12 to works that consist for more than 60 wt.% of nitrocellulose 20 13.5 wt%. (having 8-13.5 wt.% N content), 0-1 wt.% conventional [0013] 3-80 wt% of the fibrous nitrocellulose starting colouring agent. 0-1 wt.% conventional spark generating material has been dissolved during the process of pre- agent and 0-10 wt.% adhesive agent. paring the pyrotechnic composition. [0005] The high nitrogen, low carbon content energetic [0014] Suitably, the fibrous nitrocellulose starting ma- materials mentioned in these documents are, however, 25 terial is at least partly dissolved using a mixture of organic not readily available compounds. In order to prepare solvents. Suitable solvents include acetone, ethanol, these compounds multi-step syntheses are required. ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropanol butanol, methyl Furthermore, in some of these syntheses environmental ethyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone. Preferred sol- unfriendly, toxic or hazardous chemical precursors are vents include acetone and ethanol. Preferably, a mixture required. These two issues increase the price of the metal 30 is used of acetone and ethanol. salts of a high nitrogen, low-carbon content considerably. [0015] Preferably, the colourant is present in an [0006] Object of the present invention is to reduce the amount in the range of from 1-10 wt%, based on total environmental impact of fireworks by providing a low- pyrotechnic composition. smoke, perchlorate-free pyrotechnic compositions that [0016] Preferably, the colourant is selected from the can be used in fireworks, and which compositions include 35 group consisting of strontium aminotetrazole, barium a high-nitrogen content, low-carbon content material that aminotetrazole,strontium nitrate,barium nitrate, and bar- is widely available in the chemical industry (a so-called ium chlorate. bulk product). [0017] Preferably, the colourant comprises strontium [0007] Surprisingly, it has now been found that this ob- aminotetrazole or barium aminotetrazole. ject can be realised when use is made of a chlorine-con- 40 [0018] Suitably, the present pyrotechnic composition taining pyrotechnic composition comprising a colourant comprises in addition an oxidator in an amount in the and a particular nitrocellulose. range of from 1-80 wt%, based on total pyrotechnic com- [0008] Accordingly, the present invention relates to a position. chlorine-containing pyrotechnic composition for produc- [0019] Preferably, the oxidator is chosen from the 45 ing colored flames which is substantially free of perchlo- group consisting of KClO3, KNO3, NH4NO3, Sr(NO3)2, rate which composition comprises a nitrocellulose which Ba(NO3)2, and Ba(ClO3)2. is derived from a fibrous nitrocellulose starting material [0020] More preferably, the oxidator comprises that has partially been NH4NO3, Sr(NO3)2 or Ba(NO3)2. dissolved during the process of preparing the pyrotechnic [0021] The present invention also relates to a firework composition and a colourant, 50 article comprising the pyrotechnic composition according wherein the nitrocellulose is present in an amount of to the present invention. 85-95 wt.%, based on total pyrotechnic composition, and [0022] In addition, the present invention also provides wherein 3-80 wit.% of the fibrous nitrocellulose starting a method for preparing the pyrotechnic composition ac- material has been dissolved during the process of pre- cording to the invention, which method comprises mixing paring the pyrotechnic composition. 55 the nitrocellulose starting material, the colourant and the [0009] Apart from the fact that the chlorine-containing chlorine donor and mixing the mixture so obtained with pyrotechnic composition according to the present inven- a mixture of organic solvents, extruding the material thus tion is substantially free of perchlorate and generates little obtained, and evaporating the solvent present in the ex- 2 3 EP 2 155 630 B1 4 truded material so as to obtain a porous material. lon, Pergut, Alloprene, (tradenames), polyvinyl chloride [0023] The metal salt can be obtained by reacting a (PVC), polyvinylidine chloride, hexachlorethane or hex- corresponding metal compound with 5-aminotetrazole. achlorobenzene (C6Cl6), or chlorinated waxes or chlo- Preferably, the metal salt is obtained by reacting the cor- rinated paraffin. responding metal hydroxide, metal sulphate, metal chlo- 5 [0038] More preferably, the chlorine is provided by am- ride or metal nitrate with 5-aminotetrazole. More prefer- monium chloride. ably, the metal salt is obtained by reacting the corre- [0039] The pyrotechnic composition to be used in ac- sponding metal hydroxide or metal nitrate with 5-ami- cordance with the present invention may include other notetrazole. Most preferably, the metal salt is obtained conventional components (burn rate modifier, stabilizer, by reacting the corresponding metal hydroxide with 5- 10 processing additives, flegmatizer, etc.) which are com- aminotetrazole. mon for those skilled in the art. If present, these compo- [0024] The 5-aminotetrazole can either be in anhy- nents will be present in an amount of less than 10 wt%, drous form or containing crystal water. based on total pyrotechnic composition. [0025] Suitably, the metal to be used in the metal salt [0040] The present invention also relates to a firework is selected from the group consisting of calcium, stron- 15 article comprising the pyrotechnic composition in accord- tium, barium, copper, potassium, iron, magnesium, lith- ance with the present invention. ium, boron, titanium, antimony and aluminium. [0041] In addition, the present invention relates to the [0026] Preferably, the metal is strontium, barium or use of a metal salt of 5-aminotetrazole as described here- copper.
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