Orden LEPTOSTRACA Manual
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Zootaxa,Crustacean Classification
Zootaxa 1668: 313–325 (2007) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2007 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Crustacean classification: on-going controversies and unresolved problems* GEOFF A. BOXSHALL Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom E-mail: [email protected] *In: Zhang, Z.-Q. & Shear, W.A. (Eds) (2007) Linnaeus Tercentenary: Progress in Invertebrate Taxonomy. Zootaxa, 1668, 1–766. Table of contents Abstract . 313 Introduction . 313 Treatment of parasitic Crustacea . 315 Affinities of the Remipedia . 316 Validity of the Entomostraca . 318 Exopodites and epipodites . 319 Using of larval characters in estimating phylogenetic relationships . 320 Fossils and the crustacean stem lineage . 321 Acknowledgements . 322 References . 322 Abstract The journey from Linnaeus’s original treatment to modern crustacean systematics is briefly characterised. Progress in our understanding of phylogenetic relationships within the Crustacea is linked to continuing discoveries of new taxa, to advances in theory and to improvements in methodology. Six themes are discussed that serve to illustrate some of the major on-going controversies and unresolved problems in the field as well as to illustrate changes that have taken place since the time of Linnaeus. These themes are: 1. the treatment of parasitic Crustacea, 2. the affinities of the Remipedia, 3. the validity of the Entomostraca, 4. exopodites and epipodites, 5. using larval characters in estimating phylogenetic rela- tionships, and 6. fossils and the crustacean stem-lineage. It is concluded that the development of the stem lineage concept for the Crustacea has been dominated by consideration of taxa known only from larval or immature stages. -
A New Sponge-Inhabiting Leptostracan Species of the Genus Nebalia (Crustacea: Phyllocarida: Leptostraca) from the Veracruz Coral Reef System, Gulf of Mexico
Zootaxa 3027: 52–62 (2011) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2011 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) A new sponge-inhabiting leptostracan species of the genus Nebalia (Crustacea: Phyllocarida: Leptostraca) from the Veracruz Coral Reef System, Gulf of Mexico MANUEL ORTIZ, IGNACIO WINFIELD & SERGIO CHÁZARO-OLVERA Laboratorio de Crustáceos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new species of Leptostraca, Nebalia villalobosi, is described from the Veracruz Coral Reef System, SW Gulf of Mexico. The new species was found associated with the sponge Ircinia fistularis (Demospongiae) from the Blanquilla reef at a depth of 12 m. It differs from the closely related species N. longicornis and N. lagartensis in the form of the eyes and rostrum, the number of articles in the antennular and antennal flagella, the inner border of article 3 on the mandible palp, the length of the exopod of maxilla 2, the rounded denticles on pleonite 6, the enlarged tip on pleopod 5, and the caudal furcae being slightly longer than the telson and pleonite 7 combined. This is the first record of a leptostracan associated with the sponge Ircinia fistularis. Key words: taxonomy, Nebaliidae, leptostracan, new species Resumen Se describe una especie nueva de Leptostraca, Nebalia villalobosi, del sistema arrecifal Veracruzano, SO del Golfo de México. La especie nueva estaba asociada a la esponja Ircinia fistularis (Demospongiae) a una profundidad de 12 m, en el arrecife Blanquilla. -
Biochemical Divergence Between Cavernicolous and Marine
The position of crustaceans within Arthropoda - Evidence from nine molecular loci and morphology GONZALO GIRIBET', STEFAN RICHTER2, GREGORY D. EDGECOMBE3 & WARD C. WHEELER4 Department of Organismic and Evolutionary- Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. ' Friedrich-Schiller-UniversitdtJena, Instituifiir Spezielte Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, Jena, Germany 3Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW, Australia Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, U.S.A. ABSTRACT The monophyly of Crustacea, relationships of crustaceans to other arthropods, and internal phylogeny of Crustacea are appraised via parsimony analysis in a total evidence frame work. Data include sequences from three nuclear ribosomal genes, four nuclear coding genes, and two mitochondrial genes, together with 352 characters from external morphol ogy, internal anatomy, development, and mitochondrial gene order. Subjecting the com bined data set to 20 different parameter sets for variable gap and transversion costs, crusta ceans group with hexapods in Tetraconata across nearly all explored parameter space, and are members of a monophyletic Mandibulata across much of the parameter space. Crustacea is non-monophyletic at low indel costs, but monophyly is favored at higher indel costs, at which morphology exerts a greater influence. The most stable higher-level crusta cean groupings are Malacostraca, Branchiopoda, Branchiura + Pentastomida, and an ostracod-cirripede group. For combined data, the Thoracopoda and Maxillopoda concepts are unsupported, and Entomostraca is only retrieved under parameter sets of low congruence. Most of the current disagreement over deep divisions in Arthropoda (e.g., Mandibulata versus Paradoxopoda or Cormogonida versus Chelicerata) can be viewed as uncertainty regarding the position of the root in the arthropod cladogram rather than as fundamental topological disagreement as supported in earlier studies (e.g., Schizoramia versus Mandibulata or Atelocerata versus Tetraconata). -
New Insights from the Neuroanatomy of Parhyale Hawaiensis
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/610295; this version posted April 18, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. The “amphi”-brains of amphipods: New insights from the neuroanatomy of Parhyale hawaiensis (Dana, 1853) Christin Wittfoth, Steffen Harzsch, Carsten Wolff*, Andy Sombke* Christin Wittfoth, University of Greifswald, Zoological Institute and Museum, Dept. of Cytology and Evolutionary Biology, Soldmannstr. 23, 17487 Greifswald, Germany. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6764-4941, [email protected] Steffen Harzsch, University of Greifswald, Zoological Institute and Museum, Dept. of Cytology and Evolutionary Biology, Soldmannstr. 23, 17487 Greifswald, Germany. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8645-3320, sharzsch@uni- greifswald.de Carsten Wolff, Humboldt University Berlin, Dept. of Biology, Comparative Zoology, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5926-7338, [email protected] Andy Sombke, University of Vienna, Department of Integrative Zoology, Althanstr. 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7383-440X, [email protected] *shared last authorship ABSTRACT Background Over the last years, the amphipod crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis has developed into an attractive marine animal model for evolutionary developmental studies that offers several advantages over existing experimental organisms. It is easy to rear in laboratory conditions with embryos available year- round and amenable to numerous kinds of embryological and functional genetic manipulations. However, beyond these developmental and genetic analyses, research on the architecture of its nervous system is fragmentary. -
Stomatopod Interrelationships: Preliminary Results Based on Analysis of Three Molecular Loci
Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 91 67 (1) 91 – 98 © Museum für Tierkunde Dresden, eISSN 1864-8312, 17.6.2009 Stomatopod Interrelationships: Preliminary Results Based on Analysis of three Molecular Loci SHANE T. AHYONG 1 & SIMON N. JARMAN 2 1 Marine Biodiversity and Biodescurity, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Private Bag 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington, New Zealand [[email protected]] 2 Australian Antarctic Division, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia [[email protected]] Received 16.iii.2009, accepted 15.iv.2009. Published online at www.arthropod-systematics.de on 17.vi.2009. > Abstract The mantis shrimps (Stomatopoda) are quintessential marine predators. The combination of powerful raptorial appendages and remarkably developed sensory systems place the stomatopods among the most effi cient invertebrate predators. High level phylogenetic analyses have been so far based on morphology. Crown-group Unipeltata appear to have diverged in two broad directions from the outset – one towards highly effi cient ‘spearing’ with multispinous dactyli on the raptorial claws (dominated by Lysiosquilloidea and Squilloidea), and the other towards ‘smashing’ (Gonodactyloidea). In a preliminary molecular study of stomatopod interrelationships, we assemble molecular data for mitochondrial 12S and 16S regions, combined with new sequences from the 16S and two regions of the nuclear 28S rDNA to compare with morphological hypotheses. Nineteen species representing 9 of 17 extant families and 3 of 7 superfamilies were analysed. The molecular data refl ect the overall patterns derived from morphology, especially in a monophyletic Squilloidea, a monophyletic Lysiosquilloidea and a monophyletic clade of gonodactyloid smashers. Molecular analyses, however, suggest the novel possibility that Hemisquillidae and possibly Pseudosquillidae, rather than being basal or near basal in Gonodactyloidea, may be basal overall to the extant stomatopods. -
PRESENCIA DE Nebalia Strausi RISSO, 1826 (CRUSTACEA: LEPTOSTRACA) EN LAS ISLAS CANARIAS
Rev. Acad. Canar. Cienc, XXI (Niims. 3-4), 99-107 (2009) (publicado en septiembre de 2010) PRESENCIA DE Nebalia strausi RISSO, 1826 (CRUSTACEA: LEPTOSTRACA) EN LAS ISLAS CANARIAS Moreira, J. ., L. Moro-, & R. Riera^ Estacion de Bioloxia Marina da Grafia. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Casa do Horreo. Rua da Ribeira, 1. A Graiia. Ferrol, E- 15590. Espaila e-mail: [email protected] - Servicio de Biodiversidad, Direccion General del Medio Natural Edf. Arcoiris, Jose Zarate y Penichet, 5, 38001 Santa Cruz de Tenerife ^ Centro de Investigaciones Medioambientales del Atlantico (CIMA SL) Arzobispo Elias Yanes, 44, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, islas Canarias. RESUMEN Se confirma la presencia de Nebalia strausi Risso, 1 826 (Crustacea: Leptostraca) en las costas de las islas Canarias a partir de muestras procedentes de hidrozoos que crecian en la cala de una nasa a 140 metros de profundidad. Los ejemplares son descritos y se aportan datos sobre su distribucion y ecologia. Palabras clave: Nebalia strausi, Leptostraca, Crustacea, distribucion, islas Canarias, Oceano Atlantico. ABSTRACT The species Nebalia strausi Risso, 1 826 (Crustacea: Leptostraca) is first recorded in the Canarian archipelago. The study species was recorded between hidrozoans growing in a line of an abandoned fish trap at 140 m depth. The studied specimens are described and autoecological and biogeographical data are reported. Key words: Nebalia strausi, Leptostraca, Crustacea, distribution, Canary Islands, Atlantic Ocean. 1. INTRODUCCION Los crustaceos filocaridos constituyeron un grupo muy diversificado en eras pasadas, existiendo un abundante registro fosil desde el Cambrico al Devonico (RODE & LIEBERMAN [13]). No obstante, en la actualidad este grupo esta representado unicamente por el orden Leptostraca, con menos de 50 especies conocidas, repartidas en 10 generos (HANEY & MARTIN [2] y [3]; MOREIRA et al. -
Nebalia Kensleyi, a New Species of Leptostracan (Crustacea: Phyllocarida) from Tomales Bay, California
26 April 2005 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 118(l):3-20. 2005. Nebalia kensleyi, a new species of leptostracan (Crustacea: Phyllocarida) from Tomales Bay, California Todd A. Haney and Joel W. Martin (TAH) Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007 U.S.A. and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095 U.S.A., e-rnail: [email protected] (JWM) Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007 U.S.A., e-mail: [email protected] Abstract.—A new species of leptostracan, Nebalia kensleyi, is described from the coast of central California. It differs from other species of Nebalia most notably in the shape and color of the pigmented region of the eyes, armature of the antennule and antenna, extent that the carapace covers the abdominal somites, epimeron of pereonite 4, dentition of the protopod of the third and fourth pleopod, details of the pleonite border spination, and length of the terminal seta of the caudal furca. The leptostracan Crustacea can be iden reefs to the bathyal zone. The actual diver tified as such by the presence of a movable sity of the order Leptostraca well exceeds rostrum, a folded carapace that conceals the that which has been recorded, and the gap thoracic somites, eight phyllopodous tho in our knowledge of these animals clearly racic limbs, seven abdominal somites, and is the result of both taxonomic and sam conspicuous uropods (Kaestner 1980, pling bias. Schram 1986). -
2016 North Sea Expedition: PRELIMINARY REPORT
2016 North Sea Expedition: PRELIMINARY REPORT February, 2017 All photos contained in this report are © OCEANA/Juan Cuetos OCEANA ‐ 2016 North Sea Expedition Preliminary Report INDEX 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Objective ............................................................................................................................. 3 2. METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................... 4 3. RESULTS ................................................................................................................................. 6 a. Area 1: Transboundary Area ............................................................................................. 7 b. Area 2: Norwegian trench ............................................................................................... 10 4. ANNEX – PHOTOS ................................................................................................................ 31 1 OCEANA ‐ 2016 North Sea Expedition Preliminary Report 1. INTRODUCTION The North Sea is one of the most productive seas in the world, with a wide range of plankton, fish, seabirds, and organisms that live on the seafloor. It harbours valuable marine ecosystems like cold water reefs and seagrass meadows, and rich marine biodiversity including whales, dolphins, sharks and a wealth of commercial fish species. It is also of high socio‐ -
A History of the British Stalk-Eyed Crustacea
Go ygle Acerca de este libro Esta es una copia digital de un libro que, durante generaciones, se ha conservado en las estanterias de una biblioteca, hasta que Google ha decidido escanearlo como parte de un proyecto que pretende que sea posible descubrir en linea libros de todo el mundo. Ha sobrevivido tantos anos como para que los derechos de autor hayan expirado y el libro pase a ser de dominio publico. El que un libro sea de dominio publico significa que nunca ha estado protegido por derechos de autor, o bien que el periodo legal de estos derechos ya ha expirado. Es posible que una misma obra sea de dominio publico en unos paises y, sin embargo, no lo sea en otros. Los libros de dominio publico son nuestras puertas hacia el pasado, suponen un patrimonio historico, cultural y de conocimientos que, a menudo, resulta dificil de descubrir. Todas las anotaciones, marcas y otras senales en los margenes que esten presentes en el volumen original apareceran tambien en este archivo como testimonio del largo viaje que el libro ha recorrido desde el editor hasta la biblioteca y, finalmente, hasta usted. Normas de uso Google se enorgullece de poder colaborar con distintas bibliotecas para digitalizar los materiales de dominio publico a fin de hacerlos accesibles a todo el mundo. Los libros de dominio publico son patrimonio de todos, nosotros somos sus humildes guardianes. No obstante, se trata de un trabajo caro. Por este motivo, y para poder ofrecer este recurso, hemos tornado medidas para evitar que se produzca un abuso por parte de terceros con fines comerciales, y hemos incluido restricciones tecnicas sobre las solicitudes automatizadas. -
Download Full Article 317.4KB .Pdf File
Memoirs of Museum Victoria 58(1): 137–148 (2000) LEVINEBALIA MARIA, A NEW GENUS AND NEW SPECIES OF LEPTOSTRACA (CRUSTACEA) FROM AUSTRALIA GENEFOR K. WALKER-SMITH Crustacea Laboratory, Museum Victoria, GPO Box 666E, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia and Zoology Department, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia ([email protected]) Abstract Walker-Smith, G.K., 2000. Levinebalia maria, a new genus and new species of Leptostraca (Crustacea) from Australia. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 58 (1): 137–148. The genus Paranebalia historically contained three species but with the discovery of a new species from southeastern Australia a new genus, Levinebalia, has been erected for Paranebalia fortunata Wakabara, 1976 and L. maria sp. nov. (type species). Species of Levinebalia differ from Paranebalia in: having the surface of their eyes smooth; lacking a setal brush on the mandible incisor; having smooth pleopod peduncle margins and having crenella- tions on the margin of pleonites 5, 6, and 7. The margin of pleonite 5 is smooth in Paranebalia. Of significance is antenna 2 of Levinebalia. It has several rows of small and medium-sized spines and patches of tiny spines on the third peduncular article and flagellum. In addition, there are conical sensory structures proximally on the third peduncle article. The conical sensory structures and spines on antenna 2 have not been observed in any other genus of Leptostraca. Introduction Paranebalia fortunata and a new similar Australian species do not have denticulate eyes or Historically there are six genera in the lept- crenellations on the pleopod peduncles and the ostracan family Nebaliidae Samouelle, 1819: dorsal margin of pleonite 5 and pleonites 6 and 7 Nebalia Leach, 1814; Paranebalia Claus, 1880; have very small crenellations. -
Scavenging Crustacean Fauna in the Chilean Patagonian Sea Guillermo Figueroa-Muñoz1,2, Marco Retamal3, Patricio R
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Scavenging crustacean fauna in the Chilean Patagonian Sea Guillermo Figueroa-Muñoz1,2, Marco Retamal3, Patricio R. De Los Ríos 4,5*, Carlos Esse6, Jorge Pérez-Schultheiss7, Rolando Vega-Aguayo1,8, Luz Boyero 9,10 & Francisco Correa-Araneda6 The marine ecosystem of the Chilean Patagonia is considered structurally and functionally unique, because it is the transition area between the Antarctic climate and the more temperate Pacifc region. However, due to its remoteness, there is little information about Patagonian marine biodiversity, which is a problem in the face of the increasing anthropogenic activity in the area. The aim of this study was to analyze community patterns and environmental characteristics of scavenging crustaceans in the Chilean Patagonian Sea, as a basis for comparison with future situations where these organisms may be afected by anthropogenic activities. These organisms play a key ecological role in marine ecosystems and constitute a main food for fsh and dolphins, which are recognized as one of the main tourist attractions in the study area. We sampled two sites (Puerto Cisnes bay and Magdalena sound) at four diferent bathymetric strata, recording a total of 14 taxa that included 7 Decapoda, 5 Amphipoda, 1 Isopoda and 1 Leptostraca. Taxon richness was low, compared to other areas, but similar to other records in the Patagonian region. The crustacean community presented an evident diferentiation between the frst stratum (0–50 m) and the deepest area in Magdalena sound, mostly infuenced by Pseudorchomene sp. and a marked environmental stratifcation. This species and Isaeopsis sp. are two new records for science. -
The Influence of Ocean Warming on the Provision of Biogenic Habitat by Kelp Species
University of Southampton Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences School of Ocean and Earth Sciences The influence of ocean warming on the provision of biogenic habitat by kelp species by Harry Andrew Teagle (BSc Hons, MRes) A thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Southampton for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy April 2018 Primary Supervisor: Dr Dan A. Smale (Marine Biological Association of the UK) Secondary Supervisors: Professor Stephen J. Hawkins (Marine Biological Association of the UK, University of Southampton), Dr Pippa Moore (Aberystwyth University) i UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT FACULTY OF NATURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Ocean and Earth Sciences Doctor of Philosophy THE INFLUENCE OF OCEAN WARMING ON THE PROVISION OF BIOGENIC HABITAT BY KELP SPECIES by Harry Andrew Teagle Kelp forests represent some of the most productive and diverse habitats on Earth, and play a critical role in structuring nearshore temperate and subpolar environments. They have an important role in nutrient cycling, energy capture and transfer, and offer biogenic coastal defence. Kelps also provide extensive substrata for colonising organisms, ameliorate conditions for understorey assemblages, and generate three-dimensional habitat structure for a vast array of marine plants and animals, including a number of ecologically and commercially important species. This thesis aimed to describe the role of temperature on the functioning of kelp forests as biogenic habitat formers, predominantly via the substitution of cold water kelp species by warm water kelp species, or through the reduction in density of dominant habitat forming kelp due to predicted increases in seawater temperature. The work comprised three main components; (1) a broad scale study into the environmental drivers (including sea water temperature) of variability in holdfast assemblages of the dominant habitat forming kelp in the UK, Laminaria hyperborea, (2) a comparison of the warm water kelp Laminaria ochroleuca and the cold water kelp L.