DOCSLIB.ORG

Cultural Variation & Measurement (Tuesday, July 3, 2018 10:20)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Cultural Variation & Measurement (Tuesday, July 3, 2018 10:20) 1254 Symposium 17 - Cultural Variation & Measurement (Tuesday, July 3, 2018 10:20) Cultural Variation Discussion Y. H. Poortinga Psychology, Tilburg University, The Netherlands Psychology, Free University Amsterdam, The Netherlands 412 1277 Plenary Session 4 (Tuesday, July 3, 2018 13:00) Modern Indigeneity and the Reclamation of the Indigenous Self David Newhouse Indigenous Studies, Trent University, Canada The last half century has seen a remarkable Indigenous resurgence in Canada and around the world.Indigenous peoples are reclaiming control over the structures and processes of everyday life. as part of this huge political project, Indigenous peoples are reconstructing identities (or perhaps constructing new identities) that blend traditional and modern ideas and in the process creating modern Indigenous societies. This presentation explores this phenomenon and the challenges that come with it. 413 358 Symposium 46 - Culture & Health (Tuesday, July 3, 2018 14:00) Learning from Young Children in Multicultural Societies Chair: Dorit Roer-Strier The Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel 414 1179 Symposium 46 - Culture & Health (Tuesday, July 3, 2018 14:00) Lifespan Development Children's Perspectives on Risk, Agency and Protection among Various Cultural Groups in Israel Y. Ponizovsky-Bergelson1,2 1Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel 2Psychology, Rupin College, Israel The first presentation is based on a large-scale mix- methods national research project titled: "Young Children's Perspectives of Risk and Protection: A Context Informed Study. This study explore young children’s (age 3-6) perspectives of risk and protection. Two communities will be included at the first presentation. Children to immigrant families from the Former Soviet Union to Israel (n=30) and children to Ultra Orthodox Jewish families reside in a village (n=30), and in Jerusalem neighborhoods, (n=30). Data were collected using multi-child-friendly methods i.e., photography, children’s drawings and interviews and thematically analyzed. The results from diverse communities enable us to explore how various contexts shape and give meaning to children’s perspectives. Among the immigrant young participants a strong evidences of agency resources and resilience were found despite experienced filial responsibilities within the family. Children expressed sense of responsibility, self- efficacy and ability to manage risk situations. Ultra-Orthodox children demonstrated concrete objects from their daily environments as contributing to risk and safety. Others referred to elements related to the divine or to adherence to religious laws. Children views contribute to parental definition of spiritual risk. Various circles of belonging as individuals as part of an Orthodox community in a village and as children per se, were reflected in these perceptions. The presentation will include a discussion regarding children views of the “other” and their perspectives of their community and country. It will end with implication for research and practice. 415 1180 Symposium 46 - Culture & Health (Tuesday, July 3, 2018 14:00) Lifespan Development Children Perspectives on Risk and Protection in Israel and Argentina Susana Strier The second presentation will explore the perceptions of young boys and girls (3-6) on risk and protection in Israel and Argentina. Data were collected with methodology similar to the first presentation, using multi- child-friendly methods i.e., photography, children’s drawings and interviews and thematically analyzed. The focus in this presentation is on the contexts of social class, culture, political conflict and crime. We will compare Argentinian children from families living in impoverished neighborhood in Argentina with law middle class Ethiopian immigrants living in impoverished neighborhoods in Israel. Children describe the risks in their environment (e.g. poverty, violence, police brutality and stray dogs) and give us new insights to what makes them safe (e.g. Other children, shelters from bombs, God, saints, music, flowers and love). The complexity of their views challenges classical developmental theories regarding this age level. The results also reflect cultural and contextual elements such as political conflict in Israel and housing changes in Argentina. The results also challenge universal theories of risk and protection and their applicability for intervention with children and families from diverse cultural groups. This presentation will include discussion of methodological challenges to interviews with children and implications for practice. 416 1181 Symposium 46 - Culture & Health (Tuesday, July 3, 2018 14:00) Lifespan Development Parent-child and Sibling Relationships in Families with Many Children Hannah Bartl1 Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel The third presentation addresses the formation of meaningful relationships within big families. Children build the first and longest-lasting relationships within their family. Most developmental relationship theories, e.g. attachment theory, focus on the formation of an exclusive dyadic bond between mother and child. Data mostly comes from WEIRD populations and is then generalized. However, cross-cultural research suggests, that when sampling in other contexts, a more comprehensive patterning of relationships can be found. This study includes perspectives of all family members old enough to communicate, and investigates mother-father, parent-child and sibling relationships within the relational networks of ten large families (i.e. with more than five children) in two cultural contexts: Christian Arab families and Ultra-Orthodox Jewish families living in Israel. The methodology comprised of semi-structured interviews, family drawings, and questionnaires. Preliminary results show that children form endurable alliances with specific siblings, while the eldest child often fulfills a parent-like role. Families report about one ‘challenging’ child, who is developing behaviors or values which are not congruent with the family’s belief system. Parents highlight the parent entity and talk about specific challenges, e.g. preferring one child over the others while trying to treat all equally. In their drawings, participants either deliberately emphasis similarity, or organize their drawings according to age and gender and the family’s entities of the parents and children. The data unravels underlying dimensions of relational patterns within families that are not yet reflected in classical developmental theories. We consider this study a starting point for further research and scientific discussion. 417 1182 Symposium 46 - Culture & Health (Tuesday, July 3, 2018 14:00) Lifespan Development Discussion Deborah Best Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA 418 1051 Papers Session 43- Values, Norms and Beliefs (Tuesday, July 3, 2018 14:00) Other Inhabitants’ Cognitive Maps Represent Ethnic-Based Variations in Learning and Recalling London Negin Minaei Faculty of Engineering, University of Windsor, Canada This research aimed to investigate the cognitive maps of inhabitants of London (UK) to understand the possible associations between ethnic backgrounds and learning and navigating cities. This study recruited 101participants who lived for a minimum of 2 years in London to draw a map of London and complete a questionnaire. The participants were from the main ethnic groups including White British, European, Chinese, Persians, Asians and Africans. About 60% of participants were male and 40% female with the average age of 33.38 and S.D. OF 10.63. Legibility items of Kevin Lynch (landmarks, roads, districts, and limits), completeness of maps, maps scales, two-dimensional or three-dimensional views of the city, city’s boundary, the River Thames and the number of colours they used were the main factors that were analysed in their maps. Quantitative (SPSS for maps and questionnaires) and qualitative methods (map-sorting and interview with another 5 card sorters) were applied. Findings illustrated positive associations between all factors with cultural differences except the landmarks. The only factor that was not affected by ethnic background was landmark. 11categories were identified by card-sorters. The mixed-method analysis showed people from different ethnic backgrounds understand, learn and recall cities differently in each category; for example, Chinese saw the world more colourful and visual and their attitudes were reflected in their maps. Urban designers should consider these differences to ensure multicultural and global cities are accessible to all people with different cognitive and map learning abilities to learn and recall their city and to navigate it easily. 419 1040 Papers Session 43- Values, Norms and Beliefs (Tuesday, July 3, 2018 14:00) Other The Impact of Context Dependence on Relationship Repair in Negotiation Sylvie Wiseman Negotiation is an emotionally charged process, in which relationship rupture can occur. While past research has focused on predictors of relationship rupture in negotiation, there has been a dearth of research focusing on effective relationship restoration behaviour following a rupture to the relationship. When relationship rupture occurs, relationship restoration is imperative for successful negotiation outcomes, however, cultural variations in communication norms can create barriers for effective restoration. This research aims to determine
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cultural Distance, Perception of Emotional Display Rules, And
    CULTURAL DISTANCE, PERCEPTION OF EMOTIONAL DISPLAY RULES, AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON SOJOURNER ADJUSTMENT A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science Nicole L. Gullekson August 2007 2 This thesis titled CULTURAL DISTANCE, PERCEPTION OF EMOTIONAL DISPLAY RULES, AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON SOJOURNER ADJUSTMENT by NICOLE L. GULLEKSON has been approved for the Department of Psychology and the College of Arts and Sciences by ________________________________________________ Jeffrey B. Vancouver Associate Professor of Psychology ________________________________________________ Benjamin M. Ogles Dean, College of Arts and Sciences 3 Abstract GULLEKSON, NICOLE L., M.S., August 2007, Experimental Psychology CULTURAL DISTANCE, PERCEPTION OF EMOTIONAL DISPLAY RULES, AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON SOJOURNER ADJUSTMENT (109 pp.) With increased globalization, more individuals temporarily leave home to work and study in foreign countries. These sojourners are confronted with societal norms different from their home cultures. The present study investigated the extent to which international student sojourners perceive differences in emotional display norms between their home and host cultures, as well as the influence of such perception on adjustment. Although accurate perception of the host culture’s emotional display rules was not related to adjustment, a “guest” effect existed. Specifically, international student participants reported that one should
    [Show full text]
  • Buddhism and Holistic Versus Analytic Thought
    CULTURE, RELIGION AND COGNITION: BUDDHISM AND HOLISTIC VERSUS ANALYTIC THOUGHT by Alain Samson A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 2007 University of London The London School of Economics and Political Science Institute of Social Psychology UMI Number: U615882 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615882 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without the prior written consent of the author. I warrant that this authorization does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of 2 British ity<;(.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Neuroscience: a Historical Introduction and Overview Nicholas O
    Unit 9 Biological Psychology, Neuropsychology and Culture Article 1 Subunit 2 Neuropsychology and Culture 8-1-2014 Cultural Neuroscience: A Historical Introduction and Overview Nicholas O. Rule University of Toronto, [email protected] Please address correspondence to: Nicholas O. Rule, Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, [email protected]; this work was supported in part by NSERC 491593. Recommended Citation Rule, N. O. (2014). Cultural Neuroscience: A Historical Introduction and Overview. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1128 This Online Readings in Psychology and Culture Article is brought to you for free and open access (provided uses are educational in nature)by IACCP and ScholarWorks@GVSU. Copyright © 2014 International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology. All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-0-9845627-0-1 Cultural Neuroscience: A Historical Introduction and Overview Abstract The integration of cognitive neuroscience with the study of culture emerged from independent ascensions among both fields in the early 1990s. This marriage of the two previously unconnected areas of inquiry has generated a variety of empirical and theoretical works that have provided unique insights to both partners that might have otherwise gone overlooked. Here, I provide a brief historical introduction to the emergence of cultural neuroscience from its roots in cultural psychology and cognitive neuroscience to its present stature as one of the most challenging but rewarding sub-disciplines to have come from the burgeoning growth of the study of the brain and behavior. In doing so, I overview some of the more studied areas within cultural neuroscience: language, music, mathematics, visual perception, and social cognition.
    [Show full text]
  • Writing Culture from Within
    Writing Culture fromWithin Reflections on Endogenous Ethnography* Rob van Ginkel University of Amsterdam The days when anthropology was automatically associated with accounts of 'primitive peoples' in faraway lands are gone. Though the confrontation and dialogue with others deemed 'exotic' constituted anthropology's initial raison d'etre, today it is not in the least exceptional that anthropologists study an aspect or segment of the society of which they themselves are members. Thus, - instead of studying ourselves through the detour of studying others occasionally with the justification that perceiving others as 'exotic' will ultimately lead to the - recognition of our own peculiarities (cf. Leach 1982:127) many ethnographers nowadays tend to take a short cut. This fact notwithstanding, participant observation has remained the much heralded trademark of ethnographic research. In this respect, anthropology dif fers from all other disciplines in the humanities and social sciences. It is probably the distinct method of participant observation which is the reason why anthro pologists doing fieldwork at home reflect upon the implications of their position as natives for their research and its results. At least, historians or sociologists conducting research in their own society do not seem to be as reflexive. When anthropologists predominantly went to foreign countries far afield, they considered themselves 'strangers and friends', 'marginal natives' or 'professional strangers'.1 These terms are an indication of their role as outsiders. Now
    [Show full text]
  • Menstrual Justice
    Menstrual Justice Margaret E. Johnson* Menstrual injustice is the oppression of menstruators, women, girls, transgender men and boys, and nonbinary persons, simply because they * Copyright © 2019 Margaret E. Johnson. Professor of Law, Co-Director, Center on Applied Feminism, Director, Bronfein Family Law Clinic, University of Baltimore School of Law. My clinic students and I have worked with the Reproductive Justice Coalition on legislative advocacy for reproductive health care policies and free access to menstrual products for incarcerated persons since fall 2016. In 2018, two bills became law in Maryland requiring reproductive health care policies in the correctional facilities as well as free access to products. Maryland HB 787/SB629 (reproductive health care policies) and HB 797/SB 598 (menstrual products). I want to thank the Coalition members and my students who worked so hard on these important laws and are currently working on their implementation and continued reforms. I also want to thank the following persons who reviewed and provided important feedback on drafts and presentations of this Article: Professors Michele Gilman, Shanta Trivedi, Virginia Rowthorn, Nadia Sam-Agudu, MD, Audrey McFarlane, Lauren Bartlett, Carolyn Grose, Claire Donohue, Phyllis Goldfarb, Tanya Cooper, Sherley Cruz, Naomi Mann, Dr. Nadia Sam-Agudu, Marcia Zug, Courtney Cross, and Sabrina Balgamwalla. I want to thank Amy Fettig for alerting me to the breadth of this issue. I also want to thank Bridget Crawford, Marcy Karin, Laura Strausfeld, and Emily Gold Waldman for collaborating and thinking about issues relating to periods and menstruation. And I am indebted to Max Johnson-Fraidin for his insight into the various critical legal theories discussed in this Article and Maya Johnson-Fraidin for her work on menstrual justice legislative advocacy.
    [Show full text]
  • Migration, Acculturation, and the Maintenance of Between-Group Cultural Variation’
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/234807; this version posted June 13, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Migration, acculturation, and the maintenance of 2 between-group cultural variation ∗ 3 Alex Mesoudi 4 12 June, 2018 5 Abstract 6 How do migration and acculturation (i.e. psychological or behavioral change resulting from migration) 7 affect within- and between-group cultural variation? Here I answer this question by drawing analogies 8 between genetic and cultural evolution. Population genetic models show that migration rapidly 9 breaks down between-group genetic structure. In cultural evolution, however, migrants or their 10 descendants can acculturate to local behaviors via social learning processes such as conformity, 11 potentially preventing migration from eliminating between-group cultural variation. An analysis 12 of the empirical literature on migration suggests that acculturation is common, with second and 13 subsequent migrant generations shifting, sometimes substantially, towards the cultural values of the 14 adopted society. Yet there is little understanding of the individual-level dynamics that underlie these 15 population-level shifts. To explore this formally, I present models quantifying the effect of migration 16 and acculturation on between-group cultural variation, for both neutral and costly cooperative 17 traits. In the models, between-group cultural variation, measured using F statistics, is eliminated by 18 migration and maintained by conformist acculturation. The extent of acculturation is determined 19 by the strength of conformist bias and the number of demonstrators from whom individuals learn.
    [Show full text]
  • Influence of Implicit-Bias Training on the Cultural Competency of Police Officers Marvin Whitfield Walden University
    Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 2019 Influence of Implicit-Bias Training on the Cultural Competency of Police Officers Marvin Whitfield Walden University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of the Public Administration Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Walden University College of Social and Behavioral Sciences This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation by Marvin Whitfield has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Melanye Smith, Committee Chairperson, Criminal Justice Faculty Dr. Tony Gaskew, Committee Member, Criminal Justice Faculty Dr. Joseph Pascarella, University Reviewer, Criminal Justice Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2019 Abstract Influence of Implicit-Bias Training on the Cultural Competency of Police Officers by Marvin Whitfield MBA, Columbia Southern University, 2014 MA, Columbia Southern University, 2013 BS, Columbia Southern University, 2011 AA, Faulkner University, 2005 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Criminal Justice Walden University August 2019 Abstract Highly publicized media events involving African American men and the use of deadly force by police officers have occurred between 2013 and 2014. These events have emphasized the need to examine the influence of implicit bias training on police officers’ decision-making processes.
    [Show full text]
  • Intelligence Testing and Cultural Diversity: Concerns, Cautions, and Considerations
    THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTER NRC ON THE GIFTED G/T AND TALENTED Senior Scholars Series University of Connecticut University of Virginia Yale University Intelligence Testing and Cultural Diversity: Concerns, Cautions, and Considerations Donna Y. Ford Vanderbilt University Nashville, Tennessee December 2004 RM04204 Intelligence Testing and Cultural Diversity: Concerns, Cautions, and Considerations Donna Y. Ford Vanderbilt University Nashville, Tennessee December 2004 RM04204 THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTER ON THE GIFTED AND TALENTED The National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented (NRC/GT) is funded under the Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act, Institute of Education Sciences, United States Department of Education. The Directorate of the NRC/GT serves as an administrative and a research unit and is located at the University of Connecticut. The participating universities include the University of Virginia and Yale University, as well as a research unit at the University of Connecticut. University of Connecticut Dr. Joseph S. Renzulli, Director Dr. E. Jean Gubbins, Associate Director Dr. Sally M. Reis, Associate Director University of Virginia Dr. Carolyn M. Callahan, Associate Director Yale University Dr. Robert J. Sternberg, Associate Director Copies of this report are available from: NRC/GT University of Connecticut 2131 Hillside Road Unit 3007 Storrs, CT 06269-3007 Visit us on the web at: www.gifted.uconn.edu The work reported herein was supported under the Educational Research and Development Centers Program, PR/Award Number R206R000001, as administered by the Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education. The findings and opinions expressed in this report do not reflect the position or policies of the Institute of Education Sciences or the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to Cultural Neuroscience Lyndac.Linandevah.Telzer
    An Introduction to Cultural Neuroscience LyndaC.LinandEvaH.Telzer This chapter’s goal is to serve as a brief introduction to the emerging feld of cultural neuroscience. It does not intend to provide an extensive review but rather a brief overview of the feld. We start by defning cultural neu- roscience and follow by providing important reasons for doing research in this feld. Next we explain some key terms and methodologies. We then highlight important studies in the feld and provide recommendations for designing a study. Finally, we make suggestions for future directions. Throughout this chapter, we choose a few specifcexamplestoillustrate ways in which cultural neuroscience researchers have utilized the concepts and tools described here. What Is Cultural Neuroscience? Cultural neuroscience is an emerging interdisciplinary feld that combines theories and methods from cultural and social psychology, anthropology, and social and cognitive neuroscience to investigate the interactions between culture, psychological processes, brain, and genes at diferent timescales (for reviews, see Chiao, Cheon, Pornpattananangkul, Mrazek, & Blizinsky, 2013; Han et al., 2013; Kim & Sasaki, 2014). Because of the broad interdisciplinary nature of the feld, describing all of the diferent ways in which cultural neuroscientists do research in this area is beyond the scope of this chapter. Here we will be focusing on the most common method, which is representations in the brain through neuroimaging techniques. Because this feld lies at the intersection of many areas of study, we begin by describing how cultural neuroscience derives from each of these The Handbook of Culture and Biology,FirstEdition.EditedbyJose´ M. Causadias, Eva H. Telzer and Nancy A.
    [Show full text]
  • Linking Global Consumer Culture and Ethnocentric Consumerism to Global
    The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available on Emerald Insight at: https://www.emerald.com/insight/0144-333X.htm Mediating Linking global consumer culture effect of and ethnocentric consumerism to cultural global citizenship: exploring the intelligence mediating effect of cultural intelligence Received 18 October 2019 Revised 19 February 2020 17 March 2020 Aluisius Hery Pratono Accepted 17 March 2020 Faculty of Business and Economics, Universitas Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia, and Denni Arli Labovitz School of Business and Economics, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA Abstract Purpose – This article attempts to understand the impact of global consumer culture and ethnocentric consumerism on global citizenship by identifying the mediating effect of cultural intelligence. Design/methodology/approach – The proposed structural equation model explains the relationship between global consumer culture, ethnocentric consumerism, and global citizenship. The empirical analysis involves an online survey targeted young people in Indonesia context. Findings – The empirical evidence broadly supports the view that cultural intelligence strengthens the impact of global consumer culture and ethnocentric consumerism on global citizenship. There is a strong tendency in this study to suggest that global consumerism will not be able to contribute to global citizenship unless cultural intelligence provides as a mediating variable. However, the results do not support the mainstream literature, which suggests that
    [Show full text]
  • Society and Culture
    03 CHAPTER Society and Culture America is the only culture that went from barbarism to decadence without civilization in between. —Oscar Wilde LEARNING OUTCOMES The request “May I take your order, please?” is familiar to everyone in the world today. Obviously you are in a McDonald’s, Burger King, 01 Define society and culture and Starbucks, or some other fast-food restaurant, where global corpo- give examples of different types of rations have programmed worker greetings, worker routines, and societies. even worker attitudes to a standardized formula. You can be assured that the menu, the food, and the service will be the same no matter 02 List and give examples of the major where the particular restaurant is located, but things are not what they components of culture. seem. Many people believe that McDonald’s, for instance, is such a potent source of American fast-food culture and American culture in 03 Define and give examples of general that when it transplants itself overseas, “American values” ethnocentrism and cultural are widely disseminated. In effect, this thesis holds that no matter relativism. the cultural setting, the arrival of the Golden Arches inevitably leads 04 Explain globalization and cultural to cultural homogenization on the American model, a trend that is diversity. supposedly sweeping the globe (Ritzer, 2018). Once again, however, things may not be what they seem. Although McDonald’ s relies on 05 Discuss society and culture from standardization and emphasizes that a person always knows what each of the major theoretical to expect from McDonald’s anywhere in the world, local franchises perspectives in sociology.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Diversity and Conformity
    Cultural Diversity and Conformity Chapter 2: Cultural Diversity and Conformity Case Study: Body Ritual Among the Nacirema Section 1: The Meaning of Culture Section 2: Cultural Variation Section 3: The American Value System Lab: Applying What You’ve Learned Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Cultural Diversity and Conformity Case Study: Body Ritual Among the Nacirema Ceremonies and rituals are an important part of any culture. In the 1950s, Horace Miner examined some of the rituals of the Nacirema culture. His description of the culture included a portrait of an average Nacirema and his or her daily body ritual. Although the language Miner used made the culture seem exotic and strange, the description was a truthful representation of the American (Nacirema spelled backwards) morning ritual. Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Cultural Diversity and Conformity Section 1 at a Glance The Meaning of Culture • Culture is made up of the material and nonmaterial products of human groups. • A society is a group of interdependent people who share a common culture and feeling of unity. Society differs from culture in that societies are made up of people and cultures are made up of products. • All cultures share certain elements: technology, symbols, language, values, and norms. Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Cultural Diversity and Conformity How did the car influence American culture? Original Content Copyright © Holt McDougal.
    [Show full text]