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Ciência Pantanal REVISTA CIÊNCIA PantanalVol.04 / no 01 / 2018 / ISSN 2357-9056 TESOUROS ESCONDIDOS Parte da Rola-bostas Os peixes riqueza de prestam anuais e suas espécies serviços adaptações pantaneiras essenciais aos extremas vem de fora ecossistemas pg 24 pg 42 pg 32 VOLUME 04 | 2018 CIÊNCIA PANTANAL 1 PARCERIAS EM FAVOR DA VIDA Fluxos e dinâmicas o WWF-Brasil teve a honra de pro- biológicas comandam duzir após o alinhamento, em 2017, o cotidiano pantanei- que promoveu a migração de algumas ro. A paisagem não é ações da Wildlife Conservation So- só um espaço estáti- ciety – WCS Brasil para a nossa equi- co no qual transitam pe. Nesta edição, tratamos juntos das pessoas, fauna e flora, conexões entre o relevo e as águas, mas um cenário ativo entre meio físico e biodiversidade, em permanente trans- entre paisagem, fauna, flora e pessoas. formação, determinante para o Destacamos a importância do conhe- modo de vida de todas as comuni- cimento para entender os possíveis dades da região. As cheias (ou a falta impactos locais, regionais ou globais delas) governam a pesca, o turismo, promovidos pelo homem. a agricultura, a pecuária, a vida e a Chegamos ao nosso maior desa- morte. Os diferentes hábitats influen- fio enquanto sociedade justamente ciam a composição das diversas popu- por causa desses impactos: toda a vida lações de mamíferos, anfíbios, répteis, no planeta será prejudicada se não re- peixes, aves, árvores e ervas. Algumas vertermos as emissões crescentes de espécies vieram de outras eco-regiões gases do efeito estufa e a perda de es- e se adaptaram. Outras são espécies pécies e ecossistemas naturais. Assim dali mesmo, sobrevivendo há milê- como as dinâmicas interdependen- nios graças a sistemas impressionan- tes do Pantanal, as mudanças urgentes tes de adaptação. que precisamos promover para mudar Essa interação tão especial per- essa história só poderão ser atingidas meia os temas abordados na quarta se agirmos coletivamente. edição da revista Ciência Pantanal, que O WWF-Brasil é uma organiza- 2 CIÊNCIA PANTANAL VOLUME 04 | 2018 ção não-governamental brasileira e ca da WCS Brasil em nossa jornada. sem fins lucrativos que trabalha para Agradecemos, ainda, os autores mudar a atual trajetória de degrada- desta edição, por compor uma revis- ção ambiental e promover um futu- ta repleta de conteúdos ricos e interes- ro onde sociedade e natureza vivam santes sobre a biodiversidade e os am- em harmonia. Criada em 1996, atua bientes pantaneiros. A ciência é a base em todo Brasil e integra a Rede WWF na qual devemos ancorar a promo- (Fundo Mundial para a Natureza), ção de capacidade técnica e profissio- presente em mais de 100 países. Atu- nal para o uso de novas ferramentas e amos articulando atores de diversos práticas responsáveis. Esperamos que, setores, como governos, empresas, so- ao conhecer os estudos e ações aqui ciedade civil e comunidades. Nessa apresentados, possamos contribuir no direção, o WWF-Brasil mantém ações fortalecimento de uma visão de de- tri nacionais – entre Brasil, Bolívia e senvolvimento mais sustentável para Paraguai – no Cerrado e no Pantanal. o Pantanal e para o Brasil. Atualmente, a agenda socioam- biental no Brasil passa por um perí- Boa leitura! odo de ameaças de retrocesso, dadas as dificuldades políticas e econômi- cas. Mas visualizamos oportunida- MAURICIO VOIVODIC des para a construção coletiva de uma Diretor-Executivo nova visão de desenvolvimento, ba- WWF-Brasil seada numa transição justa para uma economia de baixo carbono – mais eficiente, com mais conhecimento e uso de tecnologias sustentáveis, pro- movendo a inclusão e a participação social com maior transparência. Não é um caminho fácil. Os desa- fios são imensos e demandam ações e soluções urgentes de todos, juntos. Acreditamos na parceria em favor da vida e agradecemos, em especial, todo o apoio e a confiança da equipe técni- VOLUME 04 | 2018 CIÊNCIA PANTANAL 3 EXPEDIENTE CONSELHO EDITORIAL Júlio César Sampaio SUMÁRIO Diretor do Programa Cerrado ALIANÇA Pantanal do WWF-Brasil 08 Julia Boock PELAS ÁGUAS Gerente da revista Ciência Pantanal Pacto em defesa das cabeceiras dos rios Alexine Keuroghlian Fundadora e Coordenadora Geral ANATOMIA FUNCIONAL DA PAISAGEM da revista Ciência Pantanal 12 A diversidade física do Pantanal e Donald P. Eaton as inundações Coordenador Científico da revista Ciência Pantanal Leonardo Duarte Avelino PEQUENOS, ÚNICOS E Assessor Jurídico da revista 20 DESPROTEGIDOS Ciência Pantanal Peixes endêmicos da Bacia do Alto Paraguai Liana John Editora Executiva da revista Ciência Pantanal A VIDA ESCONDIDA 24 EM POÇAS CONSELHO TÉCNICO A adaptação extrema dos peixes anuais Fabio de Oliveira Roque – UFMS Andrea Cardoso Araujo – UFMS Cyntia Cavalcante Santos–UFMS DO SUBSOLO PARA OS Donald P. Eaton – WWF 28 HOLOFOTES DA CIÊNCIA Daniela Venturato Giori – Planurb Nova espécie de rã oval e fossorial Walfrido M. Tomas – Embrapa Pantanal Alexine Keuroghlian – Projeto Queixada ALIADOS (QUASE) INVISÍVEIS COORDENAÇÃO EDITORIAL 32 Besouros contribuem para a reciclagem Alexine Keuroghlian de nutrientes Julia Boock EDITOR A EXECUTIVA JÁ VIU ALGUM TATU-DE-RABO-MOLE? Liana John 36 Ecologia e comportamento de uma (Jornalista responsável MTb 12.092) espécie bem discreta FOTOS DE CAPA Simone Mamede (paisagem), Rudi R. Laps A RIQUEZA VEM DE FORA (tiribas-fogo), Paulo R. de Souza (peixe anual), 42 Animais e plantas oriundos de Trond Larsen (besouro) outras eco-regiões DESIGN E PRODUÇÃO GRÁFICA Matheus Fortunato COOPERAÇÃO E SUSTENTABILIDADE 50 Troca de informações viabiliza SUGESTÕES, pesca comunitária CONTRIBUIÇÕES E DÚVIDAS Renata Andrada Peña [email protected] DE OLHO NAS MUDANÇAS 54 Biodiversidade, uso do solo e clima ENDEREÇO E TELEFONES em estudo de longo prazo PARA CONTATO WWF-Brasil – Programa Cerrado Pantanal Rua Padre João Cripa, 766 CUIDADO, 62 Campo Grande, MS – CEP: 79002-380 LÁ VEM TEMPORAL! Tels: (67) 3025 1112 e 3042 3386 Como e onde se proteger de raios TIRAGEM 1.300 exemplares 4 CIÊNCIA PANTANAL VOLUME 04 | 2018 Foto: Trond Larsen VOLUME 04 | 2018 CIÊNCIA PANTANAL 5 AUTORES Aguinaldo Silva – Geografia – Universidade Federal do Mato Camila S. Souza – Ecologia e Conservação – Universidade Federal Grosso do Sul (UFMS/Pantanal) – [email protected] de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – [email protected] Alan Fredy Eriksson – Ecologia e Conservação – Universidade Carmen Sofia Lourenço Lemos Dionísio – Ecologia e Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – [email protected] Conservação – Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) e Universidade de Aveiro (UA/Portugal) – Alêny Lopes Francisco – Biociências – Universidade Federal de [email protected] Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – [email protected] Carolina F. Santos – Biociências – Universidade Federal de Mato Alessandher Piva – Medicina Veterinária – Universidade da Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – [email protected] Sociedade Educacional de Santa Catarina (UniSociesc) – [email protected] Cibele Stramare Ribeiro-Costa – Entomologia – Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) – [email protected] Alessandro Pacheco Nunes– Ecologia e Conservação – Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – Claudenice Faxina – Ecologia e Conservação– Universidade [email protected] Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – [email protected] Ana Lino – Biologia – Universidade de Aveiro (UA/Portugal) Cyntia Cavalcante Santos – Ecologia e Conservação – [email protected] Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – [email protected] Andréa C. Araujo – Biociências – Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – [email protected] Daniel W. Carstensen – Macroecologia, Evolução e Clima – Universidade de Copenhagen (KU/Dinamarca) – Arnaud Leonard Jean Desbiez – Projeto Tatu-Canastra – The [email protected] Royal Zoological Society of Scotland (RZSS/Escócia), Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS) e Instituto de Pesquisas Danilo B. Ribeiro – Biociências – Universidade Federal de Mato Ecológicas (IPÊ) – [email protected] Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – [email protected] Danilo Kluyber – Projeto Tatu-Canastra – Instituto de Conservação Bo Dalsgaard – Macroecologia, Evolução e Clima – Universidade de Animais Silvestres (ICAS) e Naples Zoo and Caribbean Gardens de Copenhagen (KU/Dinamarca) – [email protected] – [email protected] Breno Ferreira de Melo – Programa Cerrado Pantanal – WWF- Diego José Santana Silva – Zoologia – Universidade Federal de Brasil – [email protected] Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – [email protected] Bruno Mateus Ribeiro Dias – Agronomia – Universidade Estadual de Elaine Cristina Corrêa – Ecologia e Conservação – Universidade Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS) - [email protected] Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – [email protected] Bruno Téllez Martínez – Ecologia e Conservação – Universidade Erich Fischer – Biociências– Universidade Federal de Mato Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – Grosso do Sul (UFMS) –[email protected] [email protected] 6 CIÊNCIA PANTANAL VOLUME 04 | 2018 Fabiano do Nascimento Pupim – Ciências Ambientais – Maurício Silveira – Ecologia e Conservação – Universidade Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp) – Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – [email protected] [email protected] Moacir Lacerda – Laboratório de Ciências Atmosféricas – Fabio de Oliveira Roque – Biociências – Universidade Federal de Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (LCA/UFMS) – Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) – [email protected] [email protected] Fábio Padilha Bolzan – Ecologia
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