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Taro Improvement and Development in Papua New Guinea
Taro Improvement and Development in Papua New Guinea - A Success Story Abner Yalu1, Davinder Singh1#, Shyam Singh Yadav1 1National Agricultural Research Institute, Lae, PNG Corresponding author email: [email protected] 2Current address: CIMMYT, Nairobi, Kenya [email protected] Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions c/o FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Bangkok, Thailand For copies and further information, please write to: The Executive Secretary Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions (APAARI) C/o FAO Regional Office for Asia & the Pacific (FAO RAP) Maliwan Mansion, 39 Phra Atit Road Bangkok 10200, Thailand Tel : (+66 2) 697 4371 – 3 Fax : (+66 2) 697 4408 E-Mail : [email protected] Printed in August 2009 Foreword Taro (Colocasia esculenta) is a crop of prime economic importance, used as a major food in the Pacific Island Countries (PICs). In Papua New Guinea (PNG), taro is consumed by the majority of people whose livelihood is mainly dependent on subsistence agriculture. It is the second most important root staple crop after sweet potato in terms of consumption, and is ranked fourth root crop after sweet potato, yam and cassava in terms of production. PNG is currently ranked fourth highest taro producing nation in the world. This success story illustrates as to how National Agricultural Research Institute (NARI) of PNG in collaboration with national, regional and international partners implemented a south Pacific regional project on taro conservation and utilization (TaroGen), and how the threat of taro leaf blight disease was successfully addressed by properly utilizing national capacity. So far, four high yielding leaf blight resistant taro varieties have been released to the farmers, which are widely adopted now. -
Maafala Fact Sheet
MA‘AFALA This popular breadfruit variety originated in Samoa and Tonga and has been grown in Hawai‘i for decades. Ma‘afala is a fast-growing tree that tends to be shorter, with a more compact shape than most breadfruit varieties. Trees can begin bearing fruit in 2-1/2 to 3 years. 16-month-old tree 36-month-old tree Season in Hawai‘i 100 Ma‘afala ‘Ulu 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Average seasonality profile of Ma‘afala compared to the Hawaiian ‘Ulu. BREADFRUIT INSTITUTE - NATIONAL TROPICAL BOTANICAL GARDEN 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, Kauai, Hawaii 96741 Phone: 808.332.7324 ext 221 Fax: 808.332.9765 www.ntbg.org/breadfruit MA‘AFALA Weight 1.4 - 2.3 lbs (634-1053 g) 1.7 lbs (783g) average Shape & Size Oval; 5-6“ long x 4-5“ wide Edible Portion 83% Protein Ma’afala ‘Ulu Taro White Rice Potato g/100 g 0 1 2 3 4 5 Fiber Ma’afala ‘Ulu Taro White Rice Potato g/100 g 0 2 4 6 8 10 Potassium Ma’afala ‘Ulu Taro White Rice Potato mg/100 g Ma‘afala produces 150-200, or more, 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 delicious, nutritious fruits per year. The fruit has a creamy to pale yellow flesh and is Calcium usually seedless. The flesh has a soft, tender Ma’afala texture when cooked. ‘Ulu Breadfruit is a starchy energy-rich Taro White Rice carbohydrate food and is also gluten free. Potato mg/100 g Ma‘afala is higher in protein (3.3%) than 0 20 40 60 80 100 most breadfruit varieties, and flour made from the dried fruit contains 7.6% protein. -
Low Potassium Diet
Low Potassium Diet What is potassium? Potassium is a mineral that helps your nerves and muscles work well You may need to have less potassium in your diet if you are taking certain medications, have problems with your kidneys or have a medical condition that lowers your need for potassium. What is a normal potassium level? A normal blood potassium level for adults is 3.5-5.2mmol/L The potassium level in your blood will be monitored by your doctor What foods are high in potassium? Almost all foods contain potassium, but some contain much more than others. Foods high in potassium include: Certain fruits, vegetables, and juices Whole grain bread and pasta, brown and long grain rice, whole grain cereal and bran products Milk products Bean and legumes Nuts and seeds Some processed/seasoned/enhanced/frozen meat, poultry, and fish products How can I control my potassium levels? Limit and avoid foods high in potassium (see tables on the following page) Do not use salt substitutes such as potassium chloride instead of salt Remember that serving size matters. Even low potassium foods can make your potassium level high if you are having too many of them. Speak with your Registered Dietitian about the number of servings that is right for you Pay attention to cooking methods as this can affect the amount of potassium in some foods. For example: o ½ cup of raw spinach will shrink to 1 Tbsp when cooked. Therefore eating ½ cup of cooked spinach will have a much higher potassium content than ½ cup of raw spinach. -
Watermelon Seed Oil: Its Extraction, Analytical Studies, Modification and Utilization in Cosmetic Industries
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 02 | Feb 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Watermelon Seed Oil: Its Extraction, Analytical studies, Modification and Utilization in Cosmetic Industries Sarfaraz Athar1, Abullais Ghazi2, Osh Chourasiya3, Dr. Vijay Y. Karadbhajne4 1,2,3Department of Oil Technology, Laxminarayan Institute of Technology, Nagpur 4Head, Dept. of Oil Technology, Professor, Laxminarayan Institute of Technology, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Watermelon seed is one of the unexplored seed in acid or omega 6 fatty acid (about 45-73%). Oleic, palmitic the world which is often discarded after eating the fruit. and stearic acid are also present in small quantities [3]. Researches show that these seeds contain nutrients like protein, essential fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. Oil Various researches report the positive effect of watermelon content in the seeds is between 35-40% and the unsaturated seed oil over skin. The oil is light, consists of humectants and fatty acid content in oil is 78-86% predominantly linoleic acid moisturising properties. It is easily absorbed by skin and (45-73%). This oil is effective for skin care as it is light, easily helps in restoring the elasticity of skin. Due to these absorbable and has humectants properties. Our study is about attributes this oil can be used in cosmetic industry for extraction of watermelon seed oil by solvent extraction process production of skin care products. The watermelon seed oil with the use of different solvents, its analysis and application can also be used as an anti inflammatory agent [4]. -
American Samoa Series 1 Elementary (K–6)
American Samoa Series 1 Elementary (K–6) TABLE OF CONTENTS Why Study Cultures? . 2 Traditions Belief in God . 3 Folklore & Language A Unique Language . 6 Food The Samoan Appetite and the Coconut . 8 Cross-cultural Contributions Samoan Rhythm . 11 Reference Material Facts about American Samoa . 13 History and Holidays . 14 Additional Resources . 15 Visuals . 17 F OOD THE SAMOAN APPETITE AND THE COCONUT Samoans love to eat. They use a variety of tropical foods, but the most common food is the coconut. Every part of the coconut can be used, from the juice to the husk. There is even a famous legend that describes where the coconut came from. Starting Points 1. Ask the students to guess what Samoans typically eat. Point out where Samoa is on a globe and show them how it is surrounded by the ocean. Discuss how much Samoans must depend on both the sea and the land for their food. 2. Discuss how the Samoan diet differs from the United States diet. 3. Show the students a coconut and discuss it. Have they ever tasted one? Think of all the parts of the coconut and how these things could be used (i.e., husk, meat, shell, milk). Information The Samoan Diet and the Coconut Samoans eat a variety of food, including tropical crops, root vegetables, fresh fruit, chicken, pork, and seafood. However, the coconut is the most common food product in the Samoan diet. The niu is a young coconut that is not fully ripened. Every part of a coconut can be used in food preparation. -
Fiddlehead Cellars Is Now Now Is Cellars Fiddlehead Today’S Interviewing with Possible Wineries
GOLD MEDAL WINE CLUB’S v09i20 FIDDLEHEAD CELLARS A pioneer among women winemakers, Kathy Joseph makes a name for herself on the Central Coast with her renowned Fiddlestix Vineyard and an array of small-lot, award-winning wines. A small, artisan winery nestled in the the fore in the wine industry. Kathy was Sta. Rita Hills of California’s Central offered a job with Simi and her career in Coast, Fiddlehead Cellars was established the wine industry had begun. in 1989 with a primary focus on Pinot After years at Simi and a stint at Noir and Sauvignon Blanc - two varietals Robert Pecota Winery, Kathy wrote the that were, at the time, fairly under the business plan for her own winery, radar. Owner and winemaker Kathy Fiddlehead Cellars, which first saw the Joseph made it her mission to not only light of day in 1988. grow her small and focused brand, but Kathy decided to focus on Pinot Noir also to build the recognition of this then and Sauvignon Blanc, two varietals that barely known viticultural area. Her early had been undeveloped to their potential ambition has made her a pioneer among in her mind. She realized it would be a women winemakers and a leader in the great challenge, but she was up for it and Sta. Rita Hills region. pushed onward. Kathy chose the Sta. Starting at the beginning, Kathy Rita Hills area for her vineyards, the Joseph is originally from Evanston, district that is now the darling of the Illinois, and chose to enter pre-med lower coast growing area. -
THE HANDBOOK Your South Beach Success Starts Here!
THE HANDBOOK Your South Beach Success Starts Here! Instructions, food lists, recipes and exercises to lose weight and get into your best shape ever CONTENTS HOW TO USE THIS HANDBOOK You’ve already taken the biggest step: committing to losing weight and learning to live a life of strength, energy PHASE 1 and optimal health. The South Beach Diet will get you there, and this handbook will show you the way. The 14-Day Body Reboot ....................... 4 The goal of the South Beach Diet® program is to help Diet Details .................................................................6 you lose weight, build a strong and fit body, and learn to Foods to Enjoy .......................................................... 10 live a life of optimal health without hunger or deprivation. Consider this handbook your personal instruction manual. EXERCISE: It’s divided into the three phases of the South Beach Beginner Shape-Up: The Walking Workouts ......... 16 Diet® program, color-coded so it’ll be easy to locate your Walking Interval Workout I .................................... 19 current phase: Walking Interval Workout II .................................. 20 PHASE 1 PHASE 2 PHASE 3 10-Minute Stair-Climbing Interval ...........................21 What you’ll find inside: PHASE 2 • Each section provides instructions on how to eat for that specific phase so you’ll always feel confident that Steady Weight Loss ................................. 22 you’re following the program properly. Diet Details .............................................................. 24 • Phases 1 and 2 detail which foods to avoid and provide Foods to Enjoy ......................................................... 26 suggestions for healthy snacks between meals. South Beach Diet® Recipes ....................................... 31 • Phase 2 lists those foods you may add back into your diet and includes delicious recipes you can try on EXERCISE: your own that follow the healthy-eating principles Beginner Body-Weight Strength Circuit .............. -
Polynesian Canoe Plants, Including Breadfruit, Taro, and Coconut: the Ultimate in Sustainability Planning Posted on June 27, 2019 by Leslie Lang
HOME HOURS & DIRECTIONS GARDEN SLIDESHOW GARDEN NEWS & BLOG Polynesian Canoe Plants, Including Breadfruit, Taro, and Coconut: the Ultimate in Sustainability Planning Posted on June 27, 2019 by Leslie Lang Do you know about “canoe plants?” These are the plants—such as kalo (taro), ‘ulu (breadfruit), and niu (coconut), among others—that Polynesians brought in their carefully-stocked voyaging canoes perhaps 1,600 years ago when they first settled in Hawai‘i. Canoe plants are one more piece of the evidence showing us that the people who colonized Hawai‘i were intelligent voyagers who came in planned expeditions, not islanders who drifted here unintentionally. Not only did they successfully navigate the oceans like highways, but before they left home to explore and settle new lands, they prepared themselves well. After all, they had to sustain themselves both during their long journeys and also upon arrival in a new island group, where they didn’t know what resources they would find. They maximized their limited space by packing seeds, roots, shoots, and cuttings of their most critical plants, the ones they relied on the most for food, medicine, and for making containers, fabric, cordage, and more. We can identify about 24 plants that arrived in Hawai‘i as canoe plants. You can see samples of some of them at Hawaii Tropical Botanical Garden. The Most Significant Polynesian Canoe Plants: ‘Ulu ‘Ulu (Artocarpus altilis, Artocarpus incisus or Artocarpus communis) belongs to the Moracceae (fig or mulberry) family. Known in English as breadfruit, the ‘ulu tree produces a “fruit” that is actually a vegetable with a high carbohydrate content. -
Forage for Age(S) Field Notes on the Fiddlehead Fern
Forage For Age(s) Field Notes on the fiddlehead fern By Debbie Liang April-June 2016 First Impressions April 6th, 2016 9:50pm As my grade nine English teacher once said, everyone judges a book by its cover despite the popular saying, “Don’t judge a book by its cover”. That was exactly what I did today when our class was officially introduced the “Reading HABITAT Writing” assignment. I judged the fiddlehead fern first by its name, then by its appearance. I was always a plant-lover. Therefore, when I picked the fiddlehead fern from the authoritative little box Mr. Guraliuk was holding, I was delighted. Ferns are so graceful-looking (they remind me of ballerinas dancing in the rain) while fiddles look royal and charming. I imagined a typical fern, with rows of long, slender leaves (pigment green) radiating from a slightly twisted stem, sort of like the outline of a fiddle. I did not imagine a plant that looks like a shrivelled up caterpillar, or a dying, poisonous millipede, in harlequin –creepy—green. I also did not imagine that such an alarming-looking plant is served commonly in cuisines; the first images from Google were food images. My body suffered a mini electrocution from the shock; the fiddlehead fern looks bad compared to my overly fantasized version. The uncomfortable feeling quickly passed, however, as I eyed the fiddlehead fern closely. If this plant was a person, what kind of person would it be? Tsundere. The fiddlehead fern is a tsundere. There is no English equivalent for the Japanese word, but a tsundere is a person who is initially cold and steely, but gradually shows more of his/her warmer nature towards a person (usually someone close or the main character of a story). -
Pacific Root Crops
module 4 PACIFIC ROOT CROPS 60 MODULE 4 PACIFIC ROOT CROPS 4.0 ROOT CROPS IN THE PACIFIC Tropical root crops are grown widely throughout tropical and subtropical regions around the world and are a staple food for over 400 million people. Despite a growing reliance on imported flour and rice products in the Pacific, root crops such as taro (Colocasia esculenta), giant swamp taro (Cyrtosperma chamissonis), giant taro (Alocasia macrorhhiza), tannia (Xanthosoma sagittifolium), cassava (Manihot esculenta), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and yams (Dioscorea spp.) remain critically important components of many Pacific Island diets, particularly for the large rural populations that still prevail in many PICTs (Table 4.1). Colocasia taro, one of the most common and popular root crops in the region, has become a mainstay of many Pacific Island cultures. Considered a prestige crop, it is the crop of choice for traditional feasts, gifts and fulfilling social obligations in many PICTs. Though less widely eaten, yams, giant taro and giant swamp taro are also culturally and nutritionally important in some PICTs and have played an important role in the region’s food security. Tannia, cassava and sweet potato are relatively newcomers to the Pacific region but have rapidly gained traction among some farmers on account of their comparative ease of establishment and cultivation, and resilience to pests, disease and drought. Generations of accumulated traditional knowledge relating to seasonal variations in rainfall, temperature, winds and pollination, and their influence on crop planting and harvesting times now lie in jeopardy given the unparalleled speed of environmental change impacting the region. -
Soups & Stews Cookbook
SOUPS & STEWS COOKBOOK *RECIPE LIST ONLY* ©Food Fare https://deborahotoole.com/FoodFare/ Please Note: This free document includes only a listing of all recipes contained in the Soups & Stews Cookbook. SOUPS & STEWS COOKBOOK RECIPE LIST Food Fare COMPLETE RECIPE INDEX Aash Rechte (Iranian Winter Noodle Soup) Adas Bsbaanegh (Lebanese Lentil & Spinach Soup) Albondigas (Mexican Meatball Soup) Almond Soup Artichoke & Mussel Bisque Artichoke Soup Artsoppa (Swedish Yellow Pea Soup) Avgolemono (Greek Egg-Lemon Soup) Bapalo (Omani Fish Soup) Bean & Bacon Soup Bizar a'Shuwa (Omani Spice Mix for Shurba) Blabarssoppa (Swedish Blueberry Soup) Broccoli & Mushroom Chowder Butternut-Squash Soup Cawl (Welsh Soup) Cawl Bara Lawr (Welsh Laver Soup) Cawl Mamgu (Welsh Leek Soup) Chicken & Vegetable Pasta Soup Chicken Broth Chicken Soup Chicken Soup with Kreplach (Jewish Chicken Soup with Dumplings) Chorba bil Matisha (Algerian Tomato Soup) Chrzan (Polish Beef & Horseradish Soup) Clam Chowder with Toasted Oyster Crackers Coffee Soup (Basque Sopa Kafea) Corn Chowder Cream of Celery Soup Cream of Fiddlehead Soup (Canada) Cream of Tomato Soup Creamy Asparagus Soup Creamy Cauliflower Soup Czerwony Barszcz (Polish Beet Soup; Borsch) Dashi (Japanese Kelp Stock) Dumpling Mushroom Soup Fah-Fah (Soupe Djiboutienne) Fasolada (Greek Bean Soup) Fisk och Paprikasoppa (Swedish Fish & Bell Pepper Soup) Frijoles en Charra (Mexican Bean Soup) Garlic-Potato Soup (Vegetarian) Garlic Soup Gazpacho (Spanish Cold Tomato & Vegetable Soup) 2 SOUPS & STEWS COOKBOOK RECIPE LIST Food -
Catalogue.Pdf
INTERNATIONAL SEEDS CATALOGUE The Seed of Discovery™ 2 Dear Customer, Origene Seeds is an innovative International Seed Company, active in Plant Breeding, in Seed Production, in Seed Processing; and in Marketing and Sales of hybrid vegetable varieties for the professional sectors. Origene Seeds is an industry leader in Research and Development of new, improved vegetable varieties. The Company’s strategic focus is to develop hybrids with novel traits that have a high added- value and that meet the present and future demands of our customers. Over the last fifteen years, we have marketed the seeds of our Cucurbit varieties worldwide and we maintain the highest standards of genetic quality, integrity and professionalism. Research is the heart of ORIGENE SEEDS and its future. It is with pride that I introduce the new series of advanced watermelon varieties tolerant to Powdery Mildew disease. The development of these new hybrids has been a long process taking several years of effort and using unique methods to introducing the wild genes with tolerance into cultured genetic material. This line of products is both innovative and revolutionary. This is an example of environmentally-friendly products released by Origene Seeds. Another such example is drought-tolerant seedless watermelon varieties that need 25-30 % less water. We are also introducing Honey Dew and Yellow Canary type melons that combine a strong plant and fruit of excellent eating quality. Origene Seeds is committed to creating and developing new varieties with a significant contribution to the fresh produce value chain, satisfying the customers’ needs for quality, taste, flavor, uniformity and high nutritional values, combined with high yields and environmental friendliness Sought by the growers.