Knowledge Integration between Urban Planning and Landscape Architecture in Contributing to a Better Neighbourhood Open Space S. Yasmin Sofia Hussain (MB123028) Supervised by: Assoc. Prof Dr. Ismail Said EXPECTATION REALITY 1/19 PROBLEM STATEMENT Developer (agencies) Local Authority Planning Process in 1 2 3 (for planning Malaysia approval) Planner (consultant) • The role of landscape architecture only involve after the layout has been done (Abdullah et. al., 2001 ) • Inappropriate zoning and design of open space which caused less social activities • Open space Leftover space 2/19 EXAMPLE: TAMAN DESA SKUDAI 5/19 EXAMPLE: TAMAN DESA SKUDAI 6/19 EXAMPLE: TAMAN DESA SKUDAI Johor Bahru Tengah Municipal Council East zone West zone Ulu Tiram, Masai and Plentong Lima Gelang Skudai Kangkar Ulu Kedai Patah Pulai Choh Taman Taman Tan Sri Taman Taman Taman Taman Sri Taman Taman Taman Universiti Yaakob Skudai Baru Melawati Timor Skudai Damai Jaya Jaya Mas Nesa Taman Ungku Taman Impian Taman Desa Taman Sri Taman Sri Taman Sri Taman Taman Bandar Tun Aminah Emas Skudai Pulai Pulai Perdana Putri Jaya Seri Orkid Selesa Jaya Taman Skudai 7/19 EXAMPLE: TAMAN DESA SKUDAI Residential Playing field Abandoned areas Total residential area Taman Desa Skudai 0.58 ha 3.95 ha 62.98 ha • Taman Desa Skudai located under the authority of Johor Bahru Tengah Municipal Council • The statistics for another 4 residential areas that also located under the same authority are shows in order to look into the breakdown of open space and recreational area. Residential Playing field Abandoned areas Total residential area Taman Sri Pulai 0.68 ha 3.38 ha 77.77 ha Taman Sri Pulai Perdana 9.30 ha 1.89 ha 123.51 ha Taman Sri Putri 0.5 ha 0.54 ha 50.38 ha TOTAL 5.83 ha 8/19 RESEARCH GAP OPEN SPACE Human ecology Geography Knowledge integration and Urban forestry Urban planning how they view open space is still Environmental Landscape inadequate modelling architecture Research Research Research Research Gap Based on the fact that urban planners and Importance Human Zoning landscape architects of natural Residents’ behavioural ordinance of have different environment preferences pattern open space definitions in theory for the of open space towards open and and concept for open citizens space requirements space (Lau, 2013) 4/19 AIM & OBJECTIVES AIM: To contribute towards better neighbourhood open space by using knowledge integration between urban planning and landscape architecture 9/19 AIM & OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVE 1: To explore the criteria that urban planner and landscape architect AIM: consider in planning for the development of open space in To contribute towards neighbourhood area better neighbourhood open space by using knowledge integration between urban planning and landscape architecture 9/19 AIM & OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVE 1: To explore the criteria that urban planner and landscape architect AIM: consider in planning for the development of open space in To contribute towards neighbourhood area better neighbourhood open space by using knowledge integration between urban OBJECTIVE 2: planning and To examine the knowledge integration landscape architecture between urban planner and landscape architect in planning for the development of open space 9/19 RESEARCH DESIGN Landscape + = GOOD LANDSCAPE Urban PLANNING Planning Antrop (2001) Good landscape planning: •Both planner and landscape architect consider the area being planned as a system. •Area design as a system; considering the connectedness and interrelatedness of the area. Young (1974) 10/19 LITERATURE REVIEW Town and Country Planning Defining Open Space in Act 1976 (Act 172) Neighbourhood Significance of Place Meaning Historical and Cultural Vitality of a proper Well-being and Environment Landscape Architecture Open Space Planning Urban Planning Preventive Medicine Environment and Behaviour Land Economics Benefits of Open Space Landscape, Landuse and Natural Resources Landscape and Urban Planning Human Ecology Theories on Knowledge Integration Malaysia Institute of Planner Landscape and Urban Planning Determining factors of Social-Economic Planning Sciences Environment and Planning Human Ecology Epidemiology and Community Health Open Space quality by Urban Environment and Well-being Land Economics and Neighbourhood Parks Urban Planner Landscape and Urban Planning Environmental Economics Landscape Ecology Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity Determining factors of Built Environment Natural Resources Open Space quality by Kesihatan Malaysia Health and Social Behaviour Landscape Architect Ecosystem Services and Nature Ecology and Environment 3/19 METHODOLOGY Knowledge Integration of Urban Planning and Landscape Architecture in contributing to a better Neighbourhood Open Space Designing Data Variables questionnaire analysis Result Urban planning: Sample size 1: Urban Function, Structure, planner, n=30 Literature Landuse Pearson review Chi- Obj 1 Obj 2 Landscape Square Sample size 2: Test architecture: Landscape architect, Function, Structure n=30 Findings and Discussion Conclusion 11/19 METHODOLOGY Author Theory Lyle (1985) For landscaping, emphasize that location is an important component and the design must be like a system. Hall (1990) Functionalism of landscape is an important motivating idea for landscape planning. Functionalism of landscape is how the components fit together in part-whole relationships. Hobbs (1997) Explain the component of structure, function and change in details 12/19 METHODOLOGY FUNCTION Size of open space Population Distance How to create a Aesthetic Attractiveness Well-equip functional open space? Well-maintain STRUCTURE Pedestrian path Connecting elements How to arrange the Green linkages overall landuses? Residential and surrounding landuses LANDUSE Zoning How to locate the Distance Distance open space? Appropriate Items zoning of open space Variables & Items: Urban Planning 13/19 METHODOLOGY FUNCTION Landscape Active open space How to create a characteristics Passive open space functional open preferences Division space? Parking area Trees STRUCTURE How the open Connecting elements Pedestrian path space could be Green linkages connected to the neighbourhood Items area? How the element of open space itself can connect Variables & Items: Landscape Architecture to each other? 14/19 FINDINGS & DISCUSSION Aesthetic Landuse Extension of Extension of x Ecological needs knowledge of x Sustainability knowledge of UP practices LA practices Public welfare x Long term issues Comfort and pleasure x Exposure of LA/UP knowledge by UP/LA during bachelor education Consultation between UP/LA and LA/UP during work in general “LA/UP should aware with UP/LA preferences” LA should involve from the early stage of Landscape Urban Planner planning Architect “Today`s open space in neighbourhoods did not meet the requirements..” 15/19 FINDINGS & DISCUSSION Criteria for urban landscape Contact with nature Aesthetic preferences x Recreation and play Social interaction x x Well maintain and secure x Criteria to ensure the open space connected to the neighbourhood Appropriate distance Landscape Urban Planner Pedestrian path Architect Appropriate size with population 16/19 CONCLUSION Policies Practise Summary of overall findings • Planning Guidelines for Open Space and Recreational Area (2013) • Guidelines for National Landscape Edition 2 (2008) 17/19 PRACTICAL IMPLICATION Knowledge Integration 1 2 Development planning process Urban planners and landscape can be amend by allowing architects should be familiar with landscape architects to be each other’s` roles (educate both involved since the beginning of professions). the process. 18/19 RESEARCH PAPER 1. Knowledge Integration Between Landscape and Planning In Contributing to a Better Neighborhood Open Space: A Review • The 8th SEATUC Symposium Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia, 3rd – 5th March 2014 2. Knowledge Integration Between Planning And Landscape Architecture in Contributing to a Better Open Space • Asian Conference on Environment-Behaviour Studies Chung-Ang University, Seoul, S. Korea, 25-27 August 2014 3. Knowledge Integration Between Urban Planning And Landscape Architecture in Contributing to a Better Neighbourhood Open: A Policy Review • International Alliance for Sustainable Urbanization and Regeneration (IASUR), University of Tokyo, 24-27 October 2014 19/19 .