Vermont Land Trust Year In Review 2018–19 Vermont Land Trust Paul Bruhn Year In Review 2018–19 1947–2019

For 40 years, as executive director of the Preservation Trust of Vermont, Paul Bruhn used his good nature, compassion, creativity, and penchant for finding solutions to make Vermont better. Paul advocated for enhancing downtowns and village centers while protecting the surrounding rural landscape. He used relationships and mutual understanding to forge a stronger, more beautiful Vermont. Paul’s passion for our state is deeply reflected in VLT’s conservation work.

We dedicate this report to Paul—an inspiration to all who knew him. Dear members and friends,

ach fall we gather at our Annual Celebration to say thank you to our members, E landowners, trustees, and staff who are the backbone of the Vermont Land Trust. This year, our celebration took place in Ripton at the Bread Loaf campus, with foliage glowing in fall’s fiery colors on the mountains behind us. Thanks to all of you, the Vermont Land Trust has never been stronger. The results set out in this annual report speak for themselves. But it’s the people and communities behind those results that matter the most. Take Tom Kidder who helped to secure 115 individual donations for the Town of Newbury to buy and conserve Tucker Mountain. Or Norma Norris who sold her Monkton farm to VLT in 2016 so new farmers could take over; today Stephen and Sarah Park operate Full Belly Farm there. These Vermonters, and thousands others, are motivated by a vision of vibrant working landscapes and healthy communities where farming and forestry succeed. This year we celebrated our 100th Farmland Access project, helping new farmers purchase and operate farms on land that could otherwise have been sold for non-farm use or developed. In the coming years, we will double our efforts to support the viability of farming, to expand community access to recreation and natural areas, and to protect wildlife habitat and ecological resources. This drive to do more comes directly from our mission to serve all Vermonters— many of whom may never own large parcels or work the land. With this in mind, we are seeking new ways to bring our expertise and resources to our state’s most pressing challenges, particularly those facing the rural communities that knit us together. We are making great strides, but more remains to be done. We must view our impact through a broader lens. We must expand the group of Vermonters who see the land, and the communities it supports, as the source of Vermont’s strength. We are grateful for the support you have provided. Won’t you join us as we embrace the new challenges that lie ahead?

Sincerely,

Nick Richardson Marc Mihaly President & CEO Chair, Board of Trustees

3 Our Work This Year Contributed to the protection Over 8,600 new acres under of 16,000 acres VLT conservation easements

Farms Recreation and Wildlife

33 farm properties conserved 2 town forests 5 conserved farms transitioned to new farmers 5 properties with local trails 10 farm families bought their first farmland 38 miles of ski trails 8 farm businesses purchased more land 7,500+ acres of forest that have access for hunting, walking, birdwatching, etc. 23 farms support dairy and dairy products 12 farms produce meat and eggs Clean Water 4 farms grow vegetables and/or fruits 5 properties used for maple 5 miles of pond and lake frontage syrup production 11 miles of river frontage 90 miles of streams 526 acres of wetlands Stewardship

500,000+ acres of previously Forestland conserved land monitored by stewardship staff 11,000+ acres protected

4 5 A Far m at the Heart n her 44 years of farming in Monkton, Norma Norris put her family farm at Ithe heart of the community. She and her husband started out dairy farming in 1973. In ’95, they switched to what had been Norma’s sideline: delicious of its Community strawberries. They added veggies, more berries, and rechristened Norris Dairy Farm as Norris Berry Farm. Norma was widowed in 2004, but she kept farming. By the time she started thinking about retirement, her farm was so beloved that Monkton dedicated the 2016 town report to her, highlighting her generosity: she supplied berries for events like the library’s annual Strawberry Festival and gave many kids their first job and their first taste of what Norma calls “the merits of hard work.” The 108-acre farm’s stunning views and easy commuter access to Middlebury and Burlington made it a prime spot for housing developments. Instead, Norma sold the farm to VLT in 2016 to ensure that her land would stay in farming. “It just seemed like the right thing to do,” says Norma, who now lives in a new house just down the road. “We had possibili- ties where we could have sold lots, but it’s just, I think, the prettiest spot on earth, and there’s always been something very special about what grew there because it’s so good.” Stephen and Sarah Park heard about Norris Berry Farm just after they returned from their honeymoon and soon pitched a business proposal to VLT’s Farmland Access Program. “They had lots of good experience growing berries and vegetables, and were the best fit for this property,” says VLT’s Allen Karnatz. The Parks began leasing the farm in 2017 and called their new enterprise Full Belly Farm. Last summer, they purchased the farm outright. Since then, they’ve built four new greenhouses, expanded the farmstand, planted a half-acre of raspberries, and increased strawberry production. “We love seeing our produce enjoyed by others and finding ways to improve what we do,” says Sarah. “We are now starting to see the results of our work play out over time. Progress can seem slow, but we are pouring our energy into this place and it is making a difference. Every day it feels a little more like it’s ours.”

Helping retiring farmers like Norma Norris (above) and new farmers like Stephen and Sarah Park (left) is key to the future of farming.

6 7 Rallying Around a ucked away in the small town of Woodford sits Prospect Mountain Nordic TSki Center, a network of 30 kilometers of skillfully groomed trails with Beloved Mountain consistently good snow. The mountain is a hub of activity with skiers of all ages and abilities exploring the trails, and college and high school ski teams using the area to train and race. But, a few years ago when word spread that the ski center would be up for sale, the fate of Prospect was not clear. That’s when the tight-knit community surrounding the mountain declared that it was unwilling to let their cherished ski area go. “We realized this was our window of opportunity,” says David Newell, president of the Prospect Mountain Association (PMA). The nonprofit group was formed by devoted Prospect skiers determined to keep the mountain open. “We wanted to be sure the mountain was secured for the community.” In September of 2018, PMA successfully purchased Prospect Mountain and its 144 acres were conserved with help from VLT. Major funding for the purchase came from Williams College and the Vermont Housing & Conservation Board—but the rest came from community members who adore Prospect. When the fundraising campaign began, donations poured in. They came from people who’ve skied at Prospect for decades and those who never have. Local businesses chipped in and so did the Town of Bennington. “Once we got going, the fundraising just kind of took on a life of its own,” David says. “It was tremendous, the momentum we had.” Before they knew it, they had raised $55,000 more than the goal. With the future of the ski area now secure, members of PMA are putting the surplus funds to good use, making Prospect an even more enjoyable place to ski. Projects like improving trails, updating infrastructure, and exploring the possibility of snowmaking are underway. “Prospect Mountain is an incredible community asset,” says VLT’s Donald Campbell, who worked closely with PMA. “It’s not always easy for people to talk about the land that they love. It’s so wonderful that this community was able to articulate that love in time to do something about it.”

VLT works with community groups to save recreation spots, like Prospect Mountain in Woodford, where people can connect to land.

8 9

11 .” n a perfect summer day, 40 foresters gathered on woodland in Rupert. woodland on gathered foresters 40 n a perfect day, summer given ash trees, with managing forests about more learn to here were They Forester Alan Calfee hosted the workshop on land he conserved with VLT. conserved he land on VLT. with workshop the hosted Alan Calfee Forester The workshop was part of a new VLT effort part was VLT workshop The of a new with confirmed state 31st is the Vermont understoryan adds, Alan ash,” of create to can we whatever do to have “We of conserved has a population land trust “The in owners land. hope Alan sees the threat of Emerald Ash Borer (EAB). The larvae of this invasive beetle chew chew beetle larvae (EAB). The Ash Borer of Emerald threat the this invasive of kills the usually and nutrition and off cuts this bark; the under tunnels water today. towns 10 in it’s confirmed in 2018; Vermont in found first EAB was tree. 20 acres ranging from parcels on acres 25,000 around helps manage He “It’s about saving a species.” saving “It’s about . We have to start managing the forests start to forests managing the have is here. We that this pest hit me “It really EAB now for their of health the improve people help to with partners, events, has held for land. VLT topics: on three and professionals landowners plants, and managing deer EAB, invasive health. forest for populations states other what from it might benefit EAB so assumed people recently, “Just learned. have VLT says ash tree,” every kill nearly EAB would research new “But Loon. van Pieter forester some While variability.” more there’s suggests survival, no almost seen 75 percent have places years. ash survived in parts 17 white of EAB for Michigan, which has had of some ash, because all your cut is don’t take-away “The why. knows one No live.” may of chance greatest the have we overstory the out takes bug if the that “so that aware be to people advises He age.” seed-bearing to trees new getting needs tree female a single and while female, male or either are ash trees female important it is also healthy maintain large, to nearby, trees male several future.” the for seeds are there “so trees adds, He a difference.” and can make who think long-term owners forest of to 5,000. EAB hasn’t yet been found on those lands, but people are asking asking are people lands, but those on found been hasn’t yet 5,000. EAB to reflects. he me,” for an awakening a bit of was workshop it. “The him about O Forester Alan Forester (left)Calfee sees hope in working with owners of Ash Borer. Emerald of threat the to respond conserved land to He hosted a on workshop for foresters his land (above).

Paul E. Richardson

Forest Forest the 10 Species

a

Save

to Managing No Other Place wenty years ago, the largest land sale in modern Vermont history resulted in Tthe protection of some 132,000 acres of forest in far northeastern Vermont. Quite Like it It is one of the largest and wildest swaths of forest in the state. Initially known as the Champion Lands after the paper company that had owned and logged it, the property has since been renamed the Kingdom Heritage Lands. Success at this scale happens only when many organizations, funders, and agencies work in tandem. VLT played a major role in raising the $8.5 million paid for the property, and today manages the conservation easements that protect 84,000 acres that remain in private ownership. The land falls into three major units: the Silvio O. Conte National Fish & Wildlife Refuge, the state’s West Mountain Wildlife Management Area, and land owned by the Weyerhaeuser Company. At the time it was conserved, some people were concerned that logging jobs would be lost and hunting, snowmobiling, and other activities might be restricted. “By and large, all the fears people had have not emerged,” says VLT forester Dan Kilborn. “Jobs and traditional recreation are both still very much a part of this land. It was important to listen to what the community needed from the property, because a place that people really care about was being permanently protected.” Ecologically, the Kingdom Heritage Lands are a gateway to the northern boreal forest, home to rare animals such as Canada Lynx and iconic animals like moose. Dozens of bird species inhabit or migrate through it. Rare plants and ecological features found nowhere else in the state are found here. Culturally, the land is vital to the soul of the Northeast Kingdom. A big part of the region’s forest industry is based here. And some of the region’s best hunting and fishing is here, along with miles of trails for snowmobiling and hiking. Matt Breton, a physical therapist, hunter, and author who has hunted on the land for more than a dozen years, says there’s no other place quite like it in Vermont. “I like the ruggedness, the remoteness,” he says. “Those lands are really a boon to us now and will be 100 years from now.”

A massive swath of forest was conserved twenty years ago; today the Kingdom Heritage Lands are a boon to wildlife, recreationalists, and the forest industry.

12 13 Protecting Land ally Schlueter grew up on a Kansas farm with horses, dogs, and cats. SShe raised sheep and goats as part of her local 4-H youth club and loved for Wildlife walking along streams and climbing trees. “I was always very connected to being outside and enjoying the natural world,” she says. Sally went on to become a veterinarian and practiced in Kansas, Maryland, Texas, and even Cairo, Egypt. In 1994, the search for a rural home led her to St. Johnsbury, Vermont. She and her family bought 320 acres in 1998, and began to go there weekly, even daily. Her two boys walked the fields and hiked uphill from the Moose River which runs along the boundary. “At the top of the land, there are trees that haven’t been cut in a century,” Sally says. “It’s amazing to see.” Over the years, they bought more land and built a barn. In 2018 Sally and her husband, Ric Prescott, moved into the barn, which they had converted into a home. They donated a conservation easement on 386 acres on December 27, Sally’s father’s birthday. “It would have been so important to him,” she reflects. Sally says it had always been her wish to protect the land with VLT because of where it sits. “You can see it from the highway when heading north on I-93. And, it has a good amount of frontage on the Moose River. It seemed important to save.” The land is home to bear, moose, bobcats, coyotes, and songbirds. There are several pools that fill with water each spring—perfect for amphibians. Ric, a retired high-school science and math teacher, says: “It’s nice to have some protection for the vernal pools—one of my favorite teaching spots.” The couple continues to work on the land, keeping the small fields open and building trails. “We both enjoy taking care of this place,” Sally says. “Learning what we can do to help, but not interfering too much so it can remain a healthy ecosystem.”

Sally Schlueter and Ric Prescott (left) have enjoyed their St. Johnsbury woods for years; they donated a conservation easement to save the land for the future.

14 15 Working Together liffords have been farming in Starksboro since the family first arrived Cfrom Scotland in 1790. “What history has told us,” says eighth-generation farmer Eric Clifford, for Clean Water pointing east from his kitchen window, “is because Mr. John Deere hadn’t invented the steel plow yet, farming took place in the foothills of this mountain, up here on the lighter soils. Then, after the plow was invented, they moved down closer to the river and the heavier soils.” As a young man, Eric traveled and considered other careers, but he says he always knew he wanted to be a dairy farmer: “There are new challenges every day, whether it’s equipment breaking, or cattle being sick, or whatever. And yet you pretty much know what you’re going to be doing two weeks from now because the third cut’s going to be here, or this year the corn’s going to ripen a little later. The calendar is everything, but every day’s a new day.” Eric and his wife, Jane, have long been leaders in water quality. In the early 2000s, they began working with the USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service to restore sensitive riverbank areas, fencing out cows and restoring native plants. Eric was appointed to the Citizen Advisory Committee on Lake Champlain in the late 1990s. Just over six years ago, he helped found the Lake Champlain Farmer Coalition, which focuses on water quality. This year the Cliffords worked with VLT and the Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) to permanently protect nearly a mile of land along both sides of Lewis Creek, where it winds through their 498-acre dairy. VLT and DEC work with landowners to establish native trees and shrubs along rivers and to let rivers take their natural course. This work can reduce the intensity of floods, prevent erosion, and support clean water. “The effort—resources, financial, whatever—that farmers have put into improving soil health and water quality is amazing to me,” says Eric. “It’s all about trying to do it right… If you’re doing it right, you can sleep better at night. You know you’re doing your share to make Lake Champlain a better place.”

Dairy farmers Jane and Eric Clifford (above) protected a section of Lewis Creek on their farm (left).

16 17 Map of Conserved Land 596,827 acres have been conserved as of June 30, 2019 Places Swanton Newport Protected

Saint Albans Island Pond July 1, 2018–June 30, 2019

Johnson

Morrisville

Essex Jct. ! Hardwick Burlington ! ! .! .! ! Newport SwantonSt. Johnsbury ! Shelburne ! ! Waterbury ! .! !! .! Saint Albans ! ! Island Pond Montpelier !

Barre ! ! Vergennes ! .! !!! Johnson Warren !! .! ! Morrisville ! .! Middlebury ! .!Essex Jct. ! .! !! Hardwick Burlington ! .! .! Newport Swanton ! ! .!St. Johnsbury .!Shelburne ! Randolph ! ! .! ! .! ! Waterbury !! .! Saint Albans ! ! Island Pond Brandon ! Montpelier .! ! ! ! ! ! ! .! Vergennes ! ! Barre .! ! !! ! ! !.! White! !!River Jct. Johns.!on !! Warren ! Woodstock .! ! ! Rutland Morrisville ! .!Middlebury .! .!Essex Jct. .! ! projectsHar dcompletedwick Burlington ! ! !! between.! ! July 2018.!St . Johnsbury ! Randolph .!Shelbu!rne and June 2019 ! Waterbury.! ! .! Brandon ! Montpelier .! ! !! Springfield ! Land! conserved ! .! Vergennes Barre .! between July! 1977 !! White River Jct.!! ! .! .!.! Woodstock !! WRuatrlraennd and! June 2019 Manchester ! Bello.!wMsi dFdalellbsury ! !! .! ! ! ! !Randolph

.! Springfield Bennington Brandon ! .! ! ! Brattleboro

.! White River Jct.! Manchester .! .! .! Woodstock Rutland Bellows Falls ! ! 18 ! ! ! .!Be!nnington .! Brattleboro ! Springfield.! ! !

.! Manchester .! Bellows Falls ! ! ! ! .!Bennington .! Brattleboro ! Southern Vermont

Vernon. Jeff and Kelli Dunklee of Vern-Mont Farm conserved 146 acres of farmland. The property has been in the family for five generations and supports one of the largest dairies in southern Vermont. This is the second property that the Dunklee family has conserved. Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS) and the Vernon Farmland Protection Fund. 4/19

West Haven. After many years of farming on leased land, Tanya Tolchin and Scott Hertzberg were able to buy their farm through VLT’s Farmland Access Program. They conserved the land after buying it and have started a vegetable operation called Otter Point Farm. Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 10/18

Westminster. Bill and Miriam Acquaviva placed an ‘option to purchase at agricultural value’ on 51 acres of Livewater Farm, which they conserved in 1998. The ‘option’ helps to make sure that the land will always be available for farming. They will be transferring the farm to their son and daughter-in-law, Taylor and Dana, who will carry on the business and expand their cheese, butter, and ice cream enterprises. Funded by VHCB. 10/18

Woodford. Prospect Mountain Association bought 144 acres and conserved the land with VLT. The property is home to a beloved cross-country ski area. Southern Volunteers formed the association to buy and protect the mountain so it would always be open to recreation. The land adjoins the George D. Aiken Wilderness Area. (See page 8 for full story.) Funded by Williams College, VHCB, the Town of Bennington, Vermont Hosley Hill Farm in Danby and Mt. Tabor transitioned to the next generation of farmers. and contributions from many individuals. 2/19

Woodstock. Mary Crowe worked with the Farmland Access Program to donate an Chester. VLT’s Farmland Access Program helped the Farrar family find new farmers ‘option to purchase at agricultural value’ on 121 acres that she had first conserved in to buy the 263-acre farm they had run for decades. Tara and Greg Gomo bought and 2004. The added protection helps to make sure that the land will always be available conserved the property where they now produce beef, pork, poultry, and eggs. In addition for farming. She then sold the land to Amy and Ben Halley, who had been leasing it to farmland, there are woods, wetlands, and streams. Funded by VHCB (with matching since 2012 for their beef and egg business, Second Wind Farm. 6/19 funds from USDA NRCS) and contributions from many individuals. 2/19 Tanya Tolchin (below) and Scott Hertzberg have started a vegetable farm in West Haven. Danby & Mt. Tabor. Jamie and Kylie Hosley conserved a 170-acre farm. They had outgrown land in Arlington and wanted to expand their beef and pork operation. Originally run by Jamie’s grandparents as a dairy, Hosley Hill Farm has a historic house and bank barn, excellent soils, woodlands, wetlands, and several streams. Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS) and Black Dog Foundation. 3/19

Rockingham. Richard and Barbara Stickney conserved 257 acres of farmland and woodlands that have been in the family since 1897. They will be transferring the farm to their grandson, Robert, who grew up working there. He is raising beef cattle and plans to increase silage production, board cattle, and manage the 2,300-tap sugaring operation. Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 6/19

20 31 Champlain Valley

Ferrisburgh. Bill and Karen Larrow conserved 259 acres of farmland that have been in the family for four generations. Bill and his son, Billy Jr., have a small beef herd. They lease most of the open land to a nearby conserved dairy. There is a small stretch of woods along with some wetlands, which were protected for clean water and wildlife habitat. Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 1/19

Franklin. Michael and Denna Benjamin conserved 200 acres of farmland and forestland. The Benjamins operate a dairy with 550 Holsteins. Over a hundred acres are tillable land and pasture; there are also two wetlands with additional protections that limit logging and farm use. The Pike River and Mill Brook flow through the property. The conservation easement requires that 50-foot-wide sections along the river and brook remain forested. Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 12/18

Granville. John Hirsch and Melissa Kosmaczewski bought a 56-acre farm through VLT’s Farmland Access Program. The land had been conserved in 1990 by the late dairy farmer Gene Bagley. In 2015, VLT bought the farm from Gene’s heirs, who wanted help getting new farmers on the land. VLT found John and Melissa and leased the land to them for several years while they established their business. Today Clearfield Farm produces organic vegetables, herbs, and flowers. At the time of the sale, an ‘option to purchase at agricultural value’ was added to the easement to ensure that the farm will always be available to future farmers. Funded by VHCB. 5/19

Champlain Highgate. Scott and Beth Bessette conserved 154 acres of farmland they use for their 300-head dairy. Most of the property is tillable, but there is also a small forested section that runs along over a half-mile of the Rock River. Valley Seth and Stephanie Pope operate their dairy on conserved land in Bridport and supply milk to Cabot. The conservation easement requires the land along the river to remain wooded; this will support clean water in the river and in Lake Champlain, to which the river eventually flows. Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 10/18 Bridport. Seth and Stephanie Pope, together with Aaron, Sherry, and Steven Ouellette, conserved 347 acres of farmland. Related by marriage, the families operate Hinesburg. The University of Vermont conserved 105 acres of woodland, dairies in Bridport and Shoreham, and supply milk to Cabot. A portion of the property pasture, and wetlands that it had received as a donation. The land is now part has additional protections for clean water and wildlife habitat. Funded by VHCB (with of the 330-acre Carse Wetlands Natural Area—all of which is conserved with VLT. matching funds from USDA NRCS). 12/18 The property serves as an outdoor classroom and is open to the public. The wetlands have several rare species and excellent wildlife habitat. 6/19 Enosburgh. Ward and Cheryl Heneveld donated conservation easements on 181 acres of managed forestland and agricultural land. The couple uses their Middlebury. Shirley Pominville and her son, Joel, conserved 210 acres of 50-acre sugarbush to host a Cold Hollow Career Center program in which students farmland that support their organic dairy. About half the land is tillable. A 49-acre learn about tapping trees and making syrup. Half a mile of Beaver Meadow Brook wetland is further protected by limitations on logging and farm use. Funded by was also protected. Funded by the Town of Enosburgh’s Conservation Fund and Cold VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS) and the Town of Middlebury. 12/18 Hollow to Canada. 12/18

22 23 Champlain Valley Champlain Valley

Shoreham. George “Jeep” and Joanne Madison conserved 96 acres of farmland with excellent farm soils. This is the third piece of farmland they’ve conserved in Shoreham. The Madisons use the land to support their organic dairy. Two wetlands and a tributary of the Lemon Fair River were also protected. Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 12/18

South Hero. Sunset Lake Farm conserved 53 acres of open and forested land. The cropland will be used to grow corn and hay for the dairy. Through the conservation easement, clean water and aquatic habitat will be supported on over half a mile of streams. Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 6/19

St. Albans. David and Cathy Montagne conserved 83 acres of farmland on St. Albans Bay. In addition to 46 acres of hayland, the farm includes 37 acres of wetlands that received special protection in the conservation easement. Other investments were Doug Butler conserved his Middlebury farm, which he recently transitioned to beef. made to support clean water, including removing a manure pit, installing a stormwater retention system, and establishing grass buffers to filter water before it reaches the Middlebury. Doug Butler protected 148 acres of farmland and forestland. lake. Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS), Vermont Agency of Doug and his son, Casey, ran a dairy for years and have transitioned to beef. Nearly Agriculture, Food & Markets, Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation, 40 acres of uncommon clayplain forest are now protected. Funded by VHCB (with and The Nature Conservancy under a grant from Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. 8/18 matching funds from USDA NRCS) and the Town of Middlebury. 3/19 St. Albans. Nelson Dairies West LLC conserved 240 acres of farmland used Middlebury. Ryan Goldman donated a conservation easement on 539 acres to grow corn and hay. The parcel adds to one of the largest contiguous blocks of of woodland that is surrounded by the Green Mountain National Forest. It has forested conserved farmland in New England that totals over 8,000 acres. Funded by VHCB wetlands, areas of uncommon oak forests, and streams that feed the Middlebury (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 6/19 and New Haven rivers. 12/18

Hundreds of acres abutting the Green Mountain National Forest in Middlebury are now protected. Monkton. VLT worked with retiring farmer Norma Norris to conserve her farm and make sure it would remain available for farming. VLT bought the 108-acre farm and held on to it for over a year while money was raised to support the land’s permanent conservation. Farmers Sarah and Stephen Park were selected to buy it through VLT’s Farmland Access Program. In addition to a pick-your-own berry business, they also have many vegetables and an on-site farmstand. (See page 6 for full story.) Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS), the Monkton Agriculture and Natural Resource Fund, and contributions from many community members. 8/18

Richford & Berkshire. Dean Stockman of Green Heron Farm first conserved his farm in 2003. This winter he added a river corridor easement on 36 acres along the Missisquoi River to reduce erosion and address water quality. The area includes a 50-foot-wide stretch of trees and shrubs that have been planted along the river, as well as 10 acres of wetlands. Funded by the Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation and by The Nature Conservancy under a grant from Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. 12/18

24 Champlain Valley

Starksboro. Eric and Jane Clifford conserved 190 acres of their dairy farm, which has been in Eric’s family for eight generations. They also worked with VLT and the Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation on a related clean-water project. Nearly a mile of Lewis Creek crosses the farm. Within a 33-acre area, the creek will be allowed to naturally overflow and change course, thus reducing the impact of floods further downstream. A naturally vegetated area must be maintained along a 50-foot-wide strip on both sides of the water. This will help prevent erosion and run-off. (See page 16 for full story.) The river corridor easement was funded by the Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation and the farm was conserved with funding from VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 4/19

Swanton. The Manning family conserved 259 acres of Shadee Acres Farm. The farm has been in the Manning family for a century and, in that time, has grown from 50 cows to 500. Most of the conserved land is flat, fertile cropland. Sixty-three acres of wooded wetlands were also protected. Farm conservation funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). Wetland protection funded by The Nature Conservancy under a grant from Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. 9/18

Swanton. Milt Robison conserved 250 acres of farmland and woodland. A well- known large-animal veterinarian, Milt is also a farmer. He is converting cropland into pasture for grazing his herd of 90 beef cattle. This project promotes clean water by requiring a 50-foot strip of vegetation on either side of a Missisquoi River tributary. Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 5/19

Underhill. Meg Handler and David Kaminsky donated a conservation easement North on 121 acres of forestland. The land abuts Mt. Mansfield State Forest and is part of one of the largest blocks of connected forestland in Vermont. Waugh Brook flows Strafford Village Farm produces meats, vegetables, herbs, Central across the property and stands of beech and other nut- and seed-producing trees are and flowers, and offers a CSA program for customers. visited by black bears and other animals. 9/18

Williston. The Town of Williston bought 393 acres that had been home to the Belvidere, Eden, Lowell, Montgomery & Westfield. Catamount Family Outdoor Center (CFOC) for over 40 years. Long-time owners, Jim and VLT sold its interest in 5,487 acres of forestland to The Nature Conservancy, which Lucy McCullough, built a popular recreation business offering trails for mountain biking, has established a wilderness preserve on the land. The land had been jointly owned Nordic skiing, and running. CFOC will still manage these programs. The Trust for Public by the two organizations for over 20 years. The preserve includes Burnt Mountain Land (TPL) helped the town buy the property—now named the Catamount Community and most of Calavale Brook and will be open to pedestrian recreation. VLT made a Forest—including 17 acres generously transferred by neighbors Stephen and Deborah philanthropic gift to TNC for a portion of its interest in the land. 7/18 Page. TPL conveyed a conservation easement to VLT that protects public recreation, hundreds of wooded acres, wetlands, vernal pools, and streams that lead to the Belvidere. Jackie Brown and her brother-in-law, Gary Brown, donated a Winooski River. Funded by the federal Community Forest Program, VHCB, the Land & conservation easement on 495 wooded acres on both sides of Route 118. The land Water Conservation Fund, the Open Space Institute, the Town of Williston, The Nature has been in the family since 1937 and is located between two 5,000-acre sections Conservancy under a grant from Keurig Green Mountain, Inc., and over 200 private of forest that had been previously conserved. The South Branch of the Trout River foundations, corporations, and individuals. 3/19 runs along the property, which is spectacularly diverse, with elevations ranging from 1,100 to 2,500 feet. Funded by Cold Hollow to Canada. 3/19

26 27 North Central North Central

Morristown. Dwayne Lanphear protected 130 acres of his scenic and productive dairy farm. The land includes several tributaries of the Lamoille River, which are now protected for clean water. 12/18

Newbury. VLT worked with the Leach family—Ted and Deborah Leach, Tina Clark, Suzanne Charity, Lucinda Leach, Alexia Vondrak, and Joshua Moody—the Town of Newbury, and a local committee to create a new 636-acre town forest on Tucker Mountain. The Leach family, which had allowed the public to use the land, sold it for just over half of its appraised value. While most of the land was previously conserved, an additional 142 acres are now protected through a conservation easement. The meadow at the top of Tucker Mountain provides 360-degree views and is used for community and school gatherings. Funded by VHCB, Town of Newbury, Upper Connecticut River Mitigation and Enhancement Fund of the New Hampshire Charitable Foundation, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Vermont Land Trust Forest Fund, Sam Ehrenfeld and Brooke Remmers have set up Schoolhouse Farm on conserved land in Calais. Davis Conservation Foundation, Fields Pond Foundation, many community members, and Open Space Institute’s Community Forest Fund, which supports the creation Calais. Sam Ehrenfeld and Brooke Remmers are the new owners of a 138-acre and expansion of community forests in Northern New England. 12/18 farm in Calais that was conserved at the time of the sale through VLT’s Farmland Access Program. George Peterson had owned the property for nearly 40 years. He donated a Strafford. Shannon Varley and BJ Miller worked with VLT’s Farmland Access conservation easement before selling the land to Brooke and Sam, who had been Program to conserve a 100-acre farm they had recently purchased. Their business, looking to establish a livestock business for years. Schoolhouse Farm is starting with Strafford Village Farm, produces vegetables, herbs, flowers, beef, lamb, and pork. organic egg production before expanding to broilers, beef, and pork. 10/18 As part of the project, six acres along the West Branch of the Ompompanoosuc River now have special protections for clean water. This was VLT’s 100th Farmland Access Chelsea. With help from the Farmland Access Program, Justin and Rachel project! Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 6/19 Sauerwein conserved a 169-acre farm they had recently bought to expand their grass-fed beef business, called Almanack Farm. They have been improving the soils, Washington. In 2015, Roger and Sharon Bales donated 50 acres of wooded upgrading infrastructure, and expanding sales. A naturally vegetated strip of land land in Washington. This year, VLT sold it to the University of Vermont to expand its will be maintained along the tributaries of Cram Brook to promote clean water and adjacent research forest. Conservation restrictions secure Roger’s wish that the land reduce erosion. Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 5/19 remain undeveloped. 6/19

East Montpelier. Celina Moore donated a conservation easement on 97 acres Worcester & Elmore. VLT donated 72 acres along the Winooski River’s near North Montpelier Pond. She and her husband, Erik Esselstyn, have cared for North Branch to the Vermont River Conservancy. VRC is building a trail along a portion the land for many years. The easement protects 35 acres of farmland, a wetland, of the North Branch that has several waterfalls and swimming holes. 9/18 several streams, and an important stretch of floodplain forest along the Kingsbury Branch of the Winooski River. 8/18 The Town of Newbury has a stunning new town forest.

Elmore. VLT and The Nature Conservancy sold 1,943 acres of forestland to Rocky Woods Investments. The two conservation organizations purchased the property over 20 years ago, as part of a larger project to learn about managing forest for both timber and biodiversity. VLT now holds a conservation easement on the land that protects its many ecological features, including the headwaters of the North Branch of the Winooski River. The land will remain open to pedestrian recreation through an earlier easement of the federal Forest Legacy Program. 8/18

28 Northeast Kingdom

Greensboro. Larry and Sherral Lumsden worked with VLT’s Farmland Access Program to conserve an 80-acre farm where they ran a dairy for 50 years. They then sold it to Dan and Emily Michaud, who both grew up on local dairies and wanted to buy a farm of their own. They will continue the dairy operation. Funded by the Freeman Foundation and the Greensboro Land Trust. 9/18

Groton. VLT worked with David Rubin of Park Forestry NY and the Vermont Department of Forests, Parks & Recreation to conserve 930 acres of woodland next to Groton State Forest. The Vermont Agency of Natural Resources now holds a conservation easement on the land. The forest will continue to be managed for timber and wildlife habitat, while remaining open for pedestrian recreation. Funded by the USDA Forest Service through the federal Forest Legacy Program. 12/18

Northeast Hardwick. Jasper Hill Farm placed an ‘option to purchase at agricultural value’ on a 242-acre farm that was originally conserved in 1993. This will help ensure that Kingdom Jasper Hill Farm is expanding into goat farming the land will remain available for farming. Andy and Mateo Kehler of Jasper Hill bought and goat cheese on a conserved Hardwick farm. the farm to expand their cheese business. New farm managers, Ryan Andrus and Annie Rowden, bring expertise from a goat cheese operation in California. Funded by VHCB. 12/18 Barton & Brownington. Retired farmers Dean and Christy Aldrich conserved a 127-acre farm. Working with VLT’s Farmland Access Program, they Holland. Andre Morin conserved a 116-acre, grass-based dairy. The conservation then sold it to Ross and Darlene Evans who are starting a hemp business. The farm easement includes special protections for a forested wetland along a tributary of Stearns has excellent farm soils, as well as woods, wetlands, and streams that flow into the Brook. Funded by VHCB (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 12/18 Willoughby River. Funded by the Freeman Foundation. 7/18 Lyndon & Kirby. Leslie Gensburg donated a conservation easement on nine Burke. Donald Simpson, Mark Barrett, and Karla Barrett of Don-Sim Farm protected acres and added an ‘option to purchase at agricultural value’ to her 214-acre farm. 199 acres of farmland and forest, where they grow crops for their dairy herd. The land is The ‘option’ helps ensure that the land will be available for future farmers. She and next to their home farm in Sutton, which was conserved 30 years ago. Funded by VHCB her late husband, Robert, began conserving the farm in 1988 and completed their (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 9/18 goal this year by protecting all of it. VLT’s Farmland Access Program also helped find new farmers to buy the land. 3/19 Danville. Vince Foy and Deborah Yonker of Lewis Creek Jerseys conserved 24 acres of hayland next to a farm they protected in 1995. The couple produces beef, lamb, and Peacham. Rob and Alice Schenck donated a conservation easement on 140 acres pork sold under the ‘Badger Brook Meats’ label. Funded by VHCB. 10/18 of farmland and woodland near Groton State Forest. They then sold the property to Dylan and Brittany Kempton of Kempton Farms, the sole supplier of milk for Cabot’s Danville. Ruth Rubin donated a conservation easement on 55 acres. The property clothbound cheddar. Conservation ensures water quality and habitat protection in has a large meadow that is used by a dairy farmer. Badger Brook runs along the some wetland areas. 7/18 property; conservation ensures that land within 50 feet of the brook will remain vegetated to support clean water and wildlife. 5/19 St. Johnsbury. Sally Schlueter and Ric Prescott donated a conservation easement on 386 acres of woodland. The property rises steeply from the Moose Derby. Brad and Gislaine Judd conserved 153 acres. The land has 70 tillable acres River and has rocky ledges and forested wetlands. There are several vernal pools and is home to Judd Dairy’s 130 cows. About 65 acres of woodland, several forested that fill with water each spring, providing a place for amphibians to reproduce. wetlands, and a tributary of the Tomifobia River were also protected. Funded by VHCB (See page 14 for full story.) 12/18 (with matching funds from USDA NRCS). 11/18

30 31 Your Support Matters LASTING COMMITMENT To date 130 Vermont Visionaries have included VLT in their estate plans or wills he dedication of our members to the protection and care Tof Vermont’s farms and forests is deeply appreciated. Our work would not be possible without your support. We received 1 donation of Land and 12 donated Conservation Easements Last year 3,634 donors from 39 states and 3 countries contributed a total of $5,034,890. STEADY SUPPORT

74% of members who gave last year gave again Member contributions s Member $1,466,569 to sustain VLT contributions 24% of our members gave more this year leveraged % have given for or more more than 30 10 consecutive years Funds to conserve land $1,960,903 $10 million 300+ new members were welcomed this year in conservation funding make automatic Funds for future $1,607,418 233 sustaining members conservation recurring donations

32 33 Our Connected Landscape Kathy Meyer, Warren, Vermont

athy Meyer walks two to three miles access. “Farmers are heroes to me,” she Kdaily with her dog, Zeba. “The walk is says. “[VLT is] supporting farmers, which is the same, but everything around me changes really important. They’re enabling younger and I like it a lot,” says Kathy. “I love noticing people to get on the land.” nature no matter where I am.” Kathy plans to add VLT to her will. She A trained architect, Kathy first came to was inspired by an estate planning work- Vermont in the ’80s to take courses in build- shop for women that VLT hosted. “I had ing. Around this time, she began supporting never paid much attention to any estate VLT, then called the Ottauquechee Land planning issues prior to attending and was Trust. Growing up outside Philadelphia, at a loss as to how to start,” she says. “I felt Kathy saw a lot of development. “I wanted supported from the female perspective to support an organization that preserved and it was a very valuable experience.” the land,” she explains. “My feeling is that I She chooses to invest in conservation and don’t have a lot of money to give, but I can healthy living. “You have to have every part give a little.” of the environment working well for all of us Caleb kenna Vermonters at Heart Kathy’s passion for land only strengthened to survive,” she says. “I think we forget this Dan and Peg Arguimbau, Sharon, Massachusetts with time. While Kathy has never farmed, deep, deep connection we have to the land, she is a strong supporter of farmers and food the earth.” an Arguimbau recalls visiting farmers studies, forestry, and conservation at a Das a kid in Massachusetts. He’d go local high school. Peg chaired the town’s with his father, George, who was then an conservation commission for over three office manager for the USDA. decades. Ten years ago, they conserved “I love to talk to farmers and listen to their 35 acres of their farm with Mass Audubon. stories,” says Dan, a farmer himself. He lives They’ve also been long-time supporters with his wife, Peg, on a 40-acre farm in of VLT. They love Vermont so much they Sharon, Mass., that his father bought in 1934. chose to honeymoon in Stowe. Over the Their house was home to Revolutionary War years, they’ve visited VLT-conserved farms— hero Deborah Sampson and served as a including three “pilgrimages” to the Bromley speakeasy during Prohibition, but that’s not Farm in Danby—and befriended many of what makes the property special. the landowners. “This historic home in the middle of “What makes it so beautiful is the suburbia would not be the same without the combination of farms, forests, and farm,” says Dan. As a child, he helped tend mountains,” says Dan. “That’s why I love the family’s 12,000 chickens. These days, Vermont so much… all of these, the he keeps 50 chickens, a vegetable garden, Vermont Land Trust has preserved. I’d be hayfields, and a pet Jersey named Fred. in Vermont if I didn’t have this farm.” Dan and Peg’s upbringings led each to “In his other life, he was a Vermonter,” value conservation. Dan taught environmental Peg adds with a smile.

3634 Blazing New Trails Tom and Catherine Kidder, Newbury, Vermont

om Kidder recalls bushwhacking up VLT helped the town buy and conserve the TTucker Mountain in Newbury decades 636-acre property. “I’ve really developed a ago with his infant daughter on his back, love for this piece of property, and I’m not surprising deer along the way. He also recalls alone in that,” says Tom, referring to Newbury taking in the Northern Lights with his wife, residents. Almost a year later, locals—from Catherine, from the mountaintop, which ATV riders to hikers—help with clean-ups and offers a 360-degree view of the countryside. ecological improvements. It’s no surprise that when Tucker Mountains have always connected the Mountain’s future was up for grabs in 2018, Kidders to each other. They met in Colorado the Kidders got involved. A local family had where they enjoyed hiking and backpacking, bought the mountain in the 1970s to and then spent five years living in the Indian protect it from development but now Himalayas. Vermont’s mountains linked the planned to sell. “When the town started couple to VLT. “The Tucker Mountain project discussions about purchasing Tucker connected me to the land trust. Before that, Mountain, it rang true for me,” says Tom. we weren’t serious donors. We are now. We Taking a Closer Look at Nature “It’s always been part of our lives.” see the work that they do,” says Tom. “As you , Tom helped mobilize residents as part get older, the things that really matter are Betty and Rod Vallee St. Albans, Vermont of a volunteer committee. Enthusiasm for the things you can give to your community— the town forest resulted in 115 donations your town, your country—and getting back etty Vallee tugs an imaginary hood It’s because of their shared passion for and two town votes in favor of the project. from nature.” B around her face as she recalls wind the outdoors that the Vallees have been rushing across arctic ice. “Why don’t we VLT members for 35 years, conserved go to Hawaii?” she remembers asking her nearly 500 acres in Georgia, Vermont, and husband, Rod. The Vallees had traveled to hosted VLT events. “We love seeing the land the arctic to photograph narwhals. They took being kept open,” Rod says. “We feel it’s a dog sleds onto the ice, where they camped. very valuable asset to the community.” Betty and Rod’s nature photography In 2014, the Vallees published A Closer started as a pastime nearly 30 years Look at Nature: Plants and Animals of ago. “We decided we weren’t going to be a Northwestern Vermont Community. rocking-chair grandparents,” Rod says. The book has photos and descriptions of The duo has photographed leopard seals 375 species found in Georgia and is free in the Antarctic, great cats in Africa, and for residents. “It’s a method to get people polar bears in the Russian Arctic. interested,” explains Betty. Now 82 years of age and 60 years “What we’re doing is very minor. That into their marriage, they’ve turned their big,” says Rod, pinching his index finger attention to smaller quests. “We’re not and thumb together. “But at least we’re getting back in the bushes like we used doing something… We have an awful lot to. We’re in the driveway—with the Golden of fun with photography.” Digger Wasp,” Rod laughs. The wasp is his current research project.

37 Financial Summary

Vermont Land Trust, Incorporated Sources of Funds $24,884,464

StatementSummary of of Financial Financial Position position – June 30, 2019 Individuals & Businesses – 30%

ASSETS

Cash and money market funds $ 2,106,590 Investment Returns & Other – 13% Contributions receivable 1,609,114 Notes and grants receivable, net 508,001 Government – 49% Investments, at fair value 20,442,661 Foundations – 8% Conservation property, net 16,666,120 Other assets 2,899,274

Total Assets $ 44,231,760 Uses of Funds $23,642,335

Farmland Access, LIABILITIES Conservation Biology, Notes payable, including line of credit $ 9,035,040 Stewardship, & Accounts payable and accrued expenses 333,162 Water Quality – 27% Charitable annuities payable 1,585,627 Conserving Total Liabilities $ 10,953,829 8,662 acres – 65% Fundraising – 2% Net ASSETS Administration & Oversight – 6% Without donor restrictions $ 10,030,313 With donor restrictions 23,247,618 The Vermont Land Trust is a 501(c)(3) organization. Total net assets $ 33,277,931 These financial statements do not conform to the format prescribed by generally Total Liabilities and net assets $ 44,231,760 acceptable accounting principles. Complete final financial statements and accompanying auditor’s report are available on request from our Montpelier office at (802) 223-5234. Vermont Land Trust

Board of Trustees Woodstock Office Donna Foster, Regional Stewardship Manager Susan Abbott, Marshfield* Suzanne Leiter, Fee Lands Portfolio Manager vlt.org Pieter Bohen, Woodstock Heidi G. Chamberlain, Richmond Office Manchester, VT and New York City Isaac Bissell, Paralegal Mike Donohue, Richmond Caitlin Cusack, Stewardship Forester Jean Hamilton, Plainfield Allaire Diamond, Conservation Ecologist Charlie Hancock, Montgomery Britt Haselton, Farm Project Director Bill Keeton, Burlington Bob Heiser, Regional Director, Champlain Valley John Laggis, Hardwick Allen Karnatz, Senior Farm Project Director Molly Langan, Burlington* Bob Linck, Regional Director, Central Vermont Mary McBryde, Norwich* Stephanie Long, ECO AmeriCorps Planning & Assessment Assistant David Middleton, Danby Tyler Miller, Vice President for Stewardship Marc Mihaly, Calais Credits Cara Montgomery, Regional Stewardship Manager Robin Morris, Waitsfield Rick Peterson, Project Counsel Photos: Cheryl Morse, Underhill Adam Piper, Regional Stewardship Manager Caleb Kenna: pp. 1, 2, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, Jess Phelps, Norwich 27, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, back cover Rebecca Roman, Regional Stewardship Manager David Middleton: pp. 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 16, 17, Hannah Sessions, Leicester Sumana Serchan, Regional Stewardship Manager 20, 40 Katherine Sims, Craftsbury Liz Thompson, Director of Conservation Science A+W Photo Design: p. 22 Maria Young, West Glover Kyle Gray: pp. 28, 30 Georgia Sparling: p. 34 *retired in 2019 Bennington Office Front cover: Kingdom Heritage Lands, Donald Campbell, Regional Director, Southwest by Caleb Kenna

Headquarters Brattleboro Office Feature stories: Jennifer Garrett, Regional Stewardship Manager Gaen Murphree (p.7 and p. 17) 8 Bailey Ave., Montpelier, VT 05602 / (802) 223-5234 Joe Pasteris (p. 9) Jack Minich, VHCB AmeriCorps Land Management Coordinator Nadine Berrini (p. 11) Caitlin Belcher, Legal Assistant Christine McShea, Paralegal Pieter van Loon, Director of Forest Stewardship Tom Slayton (p. 13) Nadine Berrini, Communications Director Chris Moore, Data Integration Manager Joan Weir, Regional Director, Southeast Cathy Donohue (p. 15) Jane Coffey, Development Coordinator Jon Osborne, GIS Director Angela Hilsman (pp. 34-37) Michelle Connor, Chief of Staff Rick Provost, Director of Finance Waitsfield Office Graphic design: Laughing Bear Associates Rasna Dhillon, Communications Associate Nick Richardson, President & CEO Eliza Walker, Regional Director, Mad River Valley Allison Dudley, Chief Financial Officer Kate Shaw, Director of Development Printing: Stillwater Graphics Newport Office Penny Hannigan, Paralegal Siobhan Smith, Executive Vice President Dan Kilborn, Stewardship Forester Production notes: This report is printed Angela Hilsman, Communications & Outreach Coordinator Kevin Webb, Director of Legal Services Bruce Urie, Regional Stewardship Manager with soy-based inks on unbleached mixed Teija Huttunen-Green, Director of Operations & Technology Shelly Weeks, Office Manager & Event Coordinator percentage post-consumer recycled fiber Tracy Zschau, Vice President for Conservation that is FSC manufactured. Christa Kemp, Director of Donor Relations Abby White, Vice President for Strategic Communications David McMath, Stewardship Forester Staff at Other Locations Pamela Burlingame, Regional Stewardship Manager (Poultney) Carl Powden, Regional Director, Northeast (Johnson)

40 8 Bailey Avenue Vermont Non-Profit Org. Montpelier U.S. Postage Vermont 05602 PAID Land Trust The Mailing Center 05641

Year In Review 2018–19