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Home , Across 110th Street, Back to My Roots, Bobby Womack, Calvin Richardson, Harry Hippie, I Can Understand It

Robert Dwayne “Bobby” Womack (/ˈwoʊmæk/; March touch his guitar while he was away. One night, eight-year- 4, 1944 – June 27, 2014) was an American singer- old Bobby, who was often playing it, broke a guitar string. and musician, and producer. Since the early After Friendly replaced the string with a shoelace,[8] he 1960s, when he started his career as the lead singer of his let Bobby play the guitar for him. According to Bobby, family musical group and as 's Friendly was stunned by his son’s talents as well as the tal- backing guitarist, Womack’s career spanned more than ents of his other sons. Soon afterwards, he bought Bobby 50 years, during which he played in the styles of R&B, his own guitar. soul, , doo-wop, gospel, and country. Bobby’s career started before he was 10,[6] when he be- Womack wrote and originally recorded the Rolling gan touring with his four brothers, Curtis, Harry, Cecil Stones' first UK No. 1 hit, "It’s All Over Now" and New and Friendly, Jr., on the midwest gospel circuit in the Birth's "" among other songs. As mid-1950s, initially as The Womack Brothers.[9] The a singer he is most notable for the hits "Lookin' For a gospel group toured along with their parents accompany- Love", "That’s The Way I Feel About Cha", "Woman’s ing them on organ and guitar. In 1954, under the moniker Gotta Have It", "", "Across ", Curtis Womack and the Womack Brothers, the group and his 1980s hit "If You Think You're Lonely Now". issued the Pennant single, “Buffalo Bill”.[3] More records followed.[9] Sam Cooke, the lead singer of , first saw 1 Biography the group performing in the mid-1950s. He became their mentor and helped them go on tour. They went on na- [4] 1.1 1944–1966: Early life and career: The tional tours with . Even though Cur- tis Womack often sang lead, Bobby Womack was allowed Valentinos to sing alongside him showcasing his gruff baritone vocals in contrast to his older brother’s smoother tenor. During Main article: The Valentinos performances, Bobby would sometimes imitate the role of a preacher, which later became his nickname.[7] At just Born in ’s Fairfax neighborhood, near East 16, Bobby dropped out of high school.[9] 85th Street and Quincy Avenue, to Naomi Womack and At the beginning of the 1960s, Cooke formed SAR [3] Friendly Womack, Bobby was the third of five brothers. Records and signed the quintet to the label in 1961, Friendly Jr. and Curtis were the older brothers, Cecil and where they released a handful of gospel singles.[10] Then, Harry were his younger brothers. They all grew up in the Cooke changed their name to The Valentinos, relocated Cleveland slums, so poor that the family would fish pig them to and convinced them to transition snouts out of the local supermarket’s trash. He had to from to secular soul- and pop-influenced [4] share a bed with his brothers. His mother told him he sound.[4] Cooke produced and arranged the group’s first [5] could “sing his way out of the ghetto”. Bobby recalls: hit single, "Lookin' for a Love", which was a pop ver- sion of the gospel song, “Couldn't Hear Nobody Pray”, We came up very poor. My kids have had a they had recorded earlier. The song became an R&B much better life than I'd ever thought of livin'[6] hit and helped land the group an opening spot for 's tour. The group’s next hit came in 1964 with the country-tinged "It’s All Over Now", co-composed by And: Bobby. Their version was rising on the charts when covered it. The neighborhood was so ghetto that we Womack was also a member of Cooke’s band, touring and didn't bother the rats and they didn't bother recording with him from 1961.[10] The Valentinos’ career us.[4] was left shaky after Sam Cooke was shot and killed in a Los Angeles motel. Devastated by the news, the brothers Raised Baptist, their mother played the organ for the disbanded and SAR Records folded. Womack continued church choir, and their father was a steelworker,[7] part- to work as a . Between 1965 and 1968 time minister, musician who played the guitar and also he toured and recorded with .[10] sang gospel. Their father would advise his sons to not

1 2 1 BIOGRAPHY

1.2 1967–1972: Early solo career during this period with a remake of his first hit single, "Lookin' for a Love". His solo version of the song be- Circa 1965, Womack relocated to Memphis where he came even more successful than the original with The worked at 's American Studios. He played Valentinos’, becoming his second number on the guitar on recordings by and . Wom- R&B chart and peaking at number ten on the Billboard ack played guitar on several of 's , Hot 100, becoming his only hit to reach that high on including , but not on the hit song "Chain of the pop chart. The song was featured on the Fools", as erroneously reported. His work as a songwriter Lookin' for a Love Again and featured the minor charted caught the eye of music executives after “You're Welcome, Stop on By”, later covered by Rufus took a liking to some of Womack’s songs and insisted on & . Womack’s career began stalling after recording them. Among the songs were “I'm a Midnight Womack received the news of his brother Harry’s death. Mover” and "I'm in Love". Womack continued to record albums with In 1968, he signed with and recorded his through 1975 and 1976 but with less success than previ- first solo album, , where he scored his ous albums. In 1975, Womack collaborated with Rolling first major hit with a cover of The Mamas & The Pa- Stones member , on Wood’s second solo al- pas'"California Dreamin'". In 1969, Womack forged a bum, Now Look. partnership with Gábor Szabó and with Szabó, penned Womack languished with his own recordings during the the instrumental "Breezin'", later a hit for George Ben- late but continued to be a frequent collaborator son. Womack also worked with rock musicians Sly and with other artists, most notably of The the Family Stone and , contributing vocals and Crusaders. In 1980, Wilton Felder released on MCA guitar work on The Family Stone’s accomplished album Records, the album Inherit The Wind, featuring Bobby There’s a Riot Goin' On, and penning the ballad “Trust Womack, that became a - classic (notably in the Me”, for Joplin on her album Pearl. UK – Robbie Vincent at Radio London included the track After two more albums with Minit, Bobby switched as one of his all-time winners in October 1982). In 1981, labels, signing with United Artists where he changed Womack signed with Beverly Glen Records and had his his attire and his musical direction with the album first R&B top 10 single in five years - since the 1976 sin- Communication. The album bolstered his first top 40 hit, gle "Daylight" - with "If You Think You're Lonely Now" "That’s the Way I Feel About Cha", which peaked at num- that peaked at number three on the R&B singles chart. ber two R&B and number twenty-seven on the Billboard His accompanying album The Poet reached number one Hot 100 in the spring of 1972. on the R&B album charts and is now seen as the high point of his long career, bringing him wider acclaim not only in the U.S. but also in Europe. He had two more 1.3 1972–1985: Solo success R&B top 10 singles during the 1980s including the Patti LaBelle duet, "Love Has Finally Come at Last", and "I Following Communication, Womack’s profile was raised Wish He Didn't Trust Me So Much". He had a hit featur- with two more albums, released in 1972. The first was ing on the Wilton Felder single "(No Matter How High I Understanding, noted for the track "I Can Understand It", Get) I'll Still Be Looking Up to You”. later covered by the funk band New Birth and a three- Womack duets with on “Some Peace of sibling lineup of Bobby’s old group, The Valentinos, and Mind”, from Morrison’s 1991 album, “Hymns to the Si- two hit singles, "Woman’s Gotta Have It" and "Harry Hip- lence”, on Morrison’s album “Duets: Re-working the pie". The latter song was written for Womack by Jim Catalogue” released in 2015. Ford in a country version, which Womack re-arranged in an R&B version. “Harry Hippie” later became Womack’s [11] first single to be certified gold. Contrary to popular 1.4 1985–2014: Later career belief, the song was not about Womack’s brother Harry. “Woman’s Gotta Have It” became Womack’s first single Womack’s solo career started to slow down, however, af- to hit number one on the R&B charts. ter 1985, partially due to Womack’s issues with drug ad- Another hit album released after Understanding was the diction. After sobering up in the mid-1990s, he released soundtrack to the film . the album Resurrection and continued his performing ca- The title track became popular during its initial 1972 re- reer. lease and later would be played during the opening and In 1989, Womack sang on ’s “For the closing scenes of the 1997 film, . In 1973, Want of a Nail” on the album . In 1998, he Womack released another hit album, Facts of Life, and performed 's “Summertime” with The had a top 40 hit with “Nobody Knows You When You're Roots for the 's compilation al- Down and Out”, an older song Sam Cooke had done years bum Red Hot + Rhapsody, a tribute to George Gershwin, before. which raised money for various charities devoted to in- In 1974, Womack released his most successful single creasing AIDS awareness and fighting the disease. 3

In 2010, Womack contributed lyrics and sang on "Stylo" (2007). A 2003 Saab commercial used Womack’s in- alongside , the first single from the third terpretation of “California Dreamin'". In 2005, “Across album . Womack was told to sing whatever 110th Street” appeared in the hit Activision video game was on his mind during the recording of “Stylo”. “I was in True Crime: . there for an hour going crazy about love and politics, get- [12] On the 1994 release 1-800-NEW-FUNK, ting it off my chest”, said Womack. He also provided covered "Woman’s Gotta Have It,” produced by vocals on the song “Cloud of Unknowing” in addition to and backed by his band, . the song “Bobby in Phoenix” on their December 2010 release "The Fall". During the spring of 1997, R&B singer Rome covered the original song from his self-titled debut album. A new album was released on June 12, 2012 by XL Recordings of London. The album, The Bravest Man in In 2008, of Destiny’s Child recorded her the Universe was produced by and Richard own version of his R&B hit "Daylight" with Travis Mc- Russell. The first Song “Please Forgive My Heart” was Coy of the , which became a hit in the offered as a free download on XL Recordings’ official UK Singles Chart, where it was previously released as a website on March 8, 2012.[13] Contact Music reported single by Womack in 1976. that Womack was working on a blues album called Liv- In 2009, was chosen to record a tribute ing in the House of Blues, featuring collaborations with album to Womack to coincide with Womack’s induction [14] , and . In an into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The Grammy- interview with Uncut, Womack revealed that the followup nominated album was entitled Facts of Life: The Soul album would now be called The Best Is Yet To Come and of Bobby Womack. It reached No. 30 on the US R&B [15] feature and Ronnie Isley. chart.[19] Womack duets with Van Morrison on “Some Peace of In early 2012, Womack’s career was the subject of the Mind”, from Morrison’s 1991 album, “Hymns to the Si- documentary show Unsung on TV One.[20] lence”, on Morrison’s album “Duets: Re-working the Catalogue” released in 2015. Womack collaborated with on “New Day”, a song taken from their sec- ond studio album, .[16] He'd expressed 3 Personal life an interest in working with the group and they'd ex- changed ideas.[17] Following his death, Womack’s wife 3.1 Family life sent the group an a cappella vocal which he had recorded for them and they pieced together the track.[18] In March 1965, just three months after Sam Cooke's death, 21-year-old Womack married Cooke’s widow, Barbara Campbell, ten years his senior.[4][10] The mar- riage was considered a scandal by some in the music busi- 2 Legacy ness, and Womack found himself ostracized in the soul- music world.[4][9] Womack fell out with his brothers, was 's K-Ci Hailey, a notable admirer of Womack’s booed at concerts, and was severely beaten up by Bar- [10] work, covered “If You Think You're Lonely Now” in bara’s brother. Womack claimed he initially went to 1994. Hailey again covered Womack in 2006 with his Barbara’s side to console her following Cooke’s death for rendition of “A Woman’s Gotta Have It”. The song is ref- fear that, if she were left alone, she would “do something [21] erenced in 's song "", crazy.” a number one hit in June 2005. Carey sings “I can't sleep In 1970, Bobby and Barbara divorced after she found out at night / When you are on my mind / Bobby Womack’s that he had an affair with his 18-year-old stepdaughter on the radio / Singing to me: 'If you think you're lonely Linda,[10] daughter of Sam Cooke and Barbara.[22] In the now.'" In 2007, R&B singer interpolated the song ensuing tussle, Barbara fired a gun at her husband.[4] Vin- as “Lonely” on his album “The Making of a Man”. Neo cent Womack, his son with Barbara, committed suicide Soul Singer, Calvin Richardson also covered many of in 1986, at age 21.[4] Womack’s tunes. “That’s The Way I Feel About Cha” was In 1974, Harry, Bobby’s brother, was fatally stabbed in covered by the late R&B musician and fel- [4][23] low singer Mary J. Blige on Levert’s 1998 album Love & the neck with a steak knife by his jealous girlfriend. Consequences. Womack’s second marriage (1976)[10] was to Regina Film director used "Across 110th Banks with whom he had two sons, Truth Bobby and Street" (which, in a different version, had been the ti- Bobby Truth, and a daughter, Gina. In 1978, Truth Bobby died aged four months old, and Womack turned tle song of the 1972 movie) in the opening and closing [10] sequences of his 1997 film Jackie Brown. His work has again to cocaine. The marriage also ended in divorce. been used in several other popular films, including Meet From his relationship with Jody Laba he fathered two the Parents (2000), Ali (2001) and American Gangster sons, Cory and Jordan.[10] 4 5 AWARDS AND NOMINATIONS

Linda, Sam Cooke and Barbara Campbell’s daughter, 4 Discography later married Cecil, Bobby’s younger brother. Bobby and Linda collaborated on the hit song "Woman’s Gotta Have Main article: Bobby Womack discography It" and he applied background vocals for Cecil and Linda as the pair teamed up as Womack & Womack. The song “Baby I'm Scared of You” by Womack & Womack, from • Fly Me to the Moon (1969) their album , was released as a single in the US and UK in 1983. • (1970) • Communication (1971) 3.2 Drug addiction and health issues • Understanding (1972) • Womack opened up about his frequent drug use in his Facts of Life (1973) [24] memoirs, Midnight Mover. Womack said he began us- • Lookin' for a Love Again (1974) ing cocaine sometime in the late 1960s. He had become close friends with , and was an enthusiastic par- • I Don't Know What the World Is Coming To (1975) ticipant in Stone’s infamous drug binges.[23] Womack told • in 1984: Safety Zone (1975) • BW Goes C&W (1976) “I was really off into the drugs. Blowing as • Home Is Where the Heart Is (1976) much coke as I could blow. And drinking. And smoking weed and taking pills. Doing that all • Pieces (1978) day, staying up seven, eight days. Me and Sly • [Stone] were running partners.”[4] (1979) • The Poet (1981) His cocaine use turned into an addiction by the late 1970s. • The Poet II (1984) Womack partially blamed his habit for his son Truth’s death. Throughout most of the 1980s, Womack strug- • (1985) gled with drug addiction. In the early 1980s his career slowed down partially due to his drug usage.[9] At the end • Someday We'll All Be Free (1985) of the 1980s, he went into a rehabilitation center to get • Womagic (1986) over his cocaine addiction,[4] which he said he conquered. • The Last Soul Man (1987) Womack survived prostate cancer. A series of health problems would follow, including diabetes, pneumonia, • Save the Children (1989) colon cancer and the early signs of Alzheimer’s disease. • Resurrection (1994) Womack developed diabetes in his later years. It was re- vealed in March that Womack was diagnosed with colon • Back to My Roots (1999) cancer after reported it on his Facebook • page. Womack announced afterwards that he was to Traditions (1999) undergo cancer surgery. On May 24, 2012, it was an- • The Bravest Man in the Universe (2012) nounced that Womack’s surgery to remove a tumor from his colon was successful and he was declared cancer free. On January 1, 2013, Womack admitted that he struggled 5 Awards and nominations to remember his songs and other people’s names, and later he was diagnosed with early stages of Alzheimer’s • disease.[25] Grammy Awards • 2011, Best Short-Form : “Stylo” shared w/ Mos Def & Gorillaz (Nominated) 3.3 Death • Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Womack died at his home in Tarzana, California at the age of 70 on June 27, 2014.[7] He was cremated, and his • In 2009, Womack was inducted into the Rock ashes were interred at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park and Roll Hall of Fame. However, his orig- Cemetery in Glendale, California, in The Great Mau- inal vocal group, his brothers, The Valenti- soleum, Memorial Terrace, Memorial Terrace Colum- nos (Friendly Womack, Jr., Curtis Womack, barium, Map #ELVA0 (Elevation A), Niche 38260 in an Harry Womack and Cecil Womack), wasn't unmarked niche.[26] inducted with him. 5

6 References [19] “Facts of Life: The Soul of Bobby Womack – Calvin Richardson”. billboard.com. Retrieved September 27, [1] Smirke, Richard (December 9, 2011). “XL’s Richard 2011. Russell on Adele, Six Grammy Noms, What’s Next [20] “Bobby Womack on TV One’s Unsung”. Soultracks.com. (Bobby Womack!)". Billboard.biz. Retrieved April 30, Retrieved 2014-04-24. 2012. [21] Jason Newman. “Bobby Womack Dead: Soul Singer Dies [2] “Bobby Womack”. Front Row. December 26, 2012. BBC at 70 | Music News”. Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2014-06- Radio 4. Retrieved January 18, 2014. 28.

[3] “The Valentino’s Page”. Soulwalking.co.uk. Retrieved [22] “Bobby Womack Exposed”. Hollywoodstreetking.com. April 11, 2012. January 10, 2012.

[4] Edwards, Gavin (June 28, 2014). “Bobby Womack [23] “Bobby Womack - obituary”. The Telegraph. January 29, (1944-2014)". Rolling Stone. Retrieved April 24, 2015. 2014. Retrieved April 24, 2015.

[5] Parkes, Jack (June 29, 2014). “Bobby Womack: The sad [24] Womack, Bobby; Ashton, Robert (2006). Bobby Womack death of a soul survivor”. The Independent. Retrieved – Midnight Mover. John Blake Publishing. ISBN 978- April 24, 2015. 1844541485.

[6] Yan, Holly (June 28, 2014). “Rock and Roll Hall of [25] Losh, Jack (January 1, 2012). “Bobby Womack Famer Bobby Womack dies”. CNN. Retrieved April 24, Alzheimer’s torment”. The Sun. Retrieved January 2, 2015. 2012.

[7] Vitello, Paul (June 27, 2014). “Bobby Womack, Royalty [26] “Bobby Womack (1944 - 2014) - Find A Grave Memo- of the Soul Era, Dies at 70”. . rial”. www.findagrave.com. Retrieved 2015-12-24. [8] “About 1:15–2:32 into the video”. Youtube.com. Re- trieved 2014-04-24. 7 External links [9] Martens, Todd (June 27, 2014). “Bobby Womack dies at 70; soul singer and song writer”. . Retrieved April 24, 2015. • Bobby Womack at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame

[10] Lewis, John (June 28, 2014). “Bobby Womack obituary”. • Bobby Womack at AllMusic . Retrieved April 24, 2015. • Bobby Womack at the Internet Movie Database [11] Murrells, Joseph (1978). The Book of Golden Discs (2nd ed.). London: Barrie and Jenkins Ltd. pp. 322–323. • Bobby Womack interview by Pete Lewis, 'Blues & ISBN 0-214-20512-6. Soul' August 1994 (republished June 2008)

[12] Davis, Johnny (March 2010). “Yo Ho Ho”. Q (Bauer Me- • Soul Patrol Biography dia Group) (284): 44–52. • Soulwalking website [13] “Bobby Womack teams up with Damon Albarn for new album " Consequence of Sound”. Consequenceof- • Bobby Womack Interview 2011 sound.net. March 8, 2012. Retrieved April 30, 2012. • Interview [14] “Bobby Womack – Bobby Womack Thanks Gorillaz For Inspiring Comeback”. Contact Music. August 26, 2011. • Bobby Womack at Find a Grave Retrieved December 25, 2012.

[15] Spencer, Neil (April 2012). “Same attitude, different times”. Uncut: 7–8.

[16] https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/ bobby-womack-to-feature-on-rudimental-lp/2015/05/ 19/b0e6f82e-fe3e-11e4-8c77-bf274685e1df_story. html

[17] http://www.nme.com/nme-video/ rudimental-one-of-bobby-womack-s-last-wishes-was-t/ 4323387910001

[18] http://www.independent.co.uk/ arts-entertainment/music/features/ rudimental-on-we-the-generation-bobby-womack-and-bringing-east-london-to-america-and-austrlia-a6675506. html 6 8 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

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• Bobby Womack Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Womack?oldid=697121510 Contributors: Deb, Radicalsubversiv, TUF- KAT, BRG, RodC, Timrollpickering, Alan Liefting, David Gerard, DocWatson42, Ds13, Gyrofrog, Neilc, Roisterer, ErikNY, Eddhurt, D6, Edgarde, Bender235, Bobo192, FlorianB, Alansohn, Bebop, Saga City, Karst, Ghirlandajo, Mahanga, Stephen, Woohookitty, K Lepo, GregorB, Graham87, Koavf, Georgelazenby, The wub, FuriousFreddy, BrothaTimothy, Suyw, Gareth E. Kegg, Wasted Time R, YurikBot, RussBot, Boticario, Musicpvm, Cmart514, Tony1, Zzuuzz, Vogelfrei, Garion96, Allens, SmackBot, Kuxu~enwiki, Verne Equinox, Doc Strange, Ryecatcher773, Nbarth, Colonies Chris, Souldier77, John Reaves, GBWallenstein, Chadwholovedme, Ich weiß es nicht, Oanabay04, Derek R Bullamore, Lambiam, Ser Amantio di Nicolao, Khazar, John, Me marco, TopopMAC1, E-Kartoffel, Scor- pion0422, Theoldanarchist, J Milburn, CmdrObot, Mattbr, BeenAroundAWhile, Tim Long, ShelfSkewed, Cydebot, Treybien, Gogo Dodo, Soetermans, GassyGuy, Thijs!bot, Fgmoore, Headbomb, Tirkfl, JustAGal, E. Ripley, Seaphoto, Yellowdesk, Deflective, Wbwn, Ainzboogie, Rothorpe, Bsmith8259, .anacondabot, Numberonemjbfan, Connormah, Appraiser, Cadsuane Melaidhrin, Waacstats, Jimm- cguire, Wtimrock, Mrob27, Takunama, Skinny McGee, Gurchzilla, Egghead06, Sparklism, Hammersoft, Nburden, Vanished user iki- jeirw34iuaeolaseriffic, Timesaver, Seraphim, Johnellard1, Piisamson, Uwaine, Feudonym, Atomicbre, Edkollin, Kallen66, Deconstructhis, Cosprings, ATinySliver, Tresiden, Holiday56, Night Time, Aspects, Lightmouse, Sb26554, ImageRemovalBot, Halo2playa91, Mattgirling, Dorkinglad, Mymindcont, Alexbot, Millionsandbillions, Magnum valentino, Kayeloh, DumZiBoT, XLinkBot, Wolfer68, Willgee, Soul- zone, Officially Mr X, Kbdankbot, Addbot, Aikclaes, Kenneth Hardeman, Garnold2, Meg marx, Freakmighty, Tassedethe, LuK3, Ben Ben, Luckas-bot, Yobot, Fraggle81, Abush422, AnomieBOT, Ilsonowl, Citation bot, Jj6ms, Truthessential, Mikeh1028, Pikku Jbcob, FrescoBot, Splendoroftheirroots, BigBoy1986123, JIK1975, JPGR69, Cnwilliams, Lynn Cavadino, Djbthegreat0606, RjwilmsiBot, Jpm- cruiser, Hiddenstranger, John of Reading, GoingBatty, Jim Michael, ZéroBot, Jplarkin, Mab987, Smelly5, Firefingers813, Fasokanesq, Senator2029, Spicemix, Socialservice, ClueBot NG, CactusBot, JRy2, TheBustopher, Bernie44, Widr, BenjaniBoy139, Timmy43, Indian- grove, Levdr1lostpassword, Bob305, Island Monkey, Fictus factus, Ampdj, CAWylie, EricEnfermero, Hotgardener, Antarctic96, Tandrum, Esszet, ItsLuke, VIAFbot, Benthegenreandbandexpert, Koala15, Ezerty, JTtheOG, Chartbot, PoBoyBob, Vlove1, DizzyDidItAgain, Far- macopea, Monkbot, Prof. Mc, The Last Arietta, IanWatford, Lt Wheat, Shikari 123, Kethrus, Vincenzo1612, Guccifer427, Radosław Wiśniewski, KasparBot, Biwom, Nepaxt, Jrwilson1997 and Anonymous: 167

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