Challenges and Opportunities for Eco-Tourism Development in Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 03, MARCH 2020 ISSN 2277-8616

Challenges And Opportunities For Eco-Tourism Development In Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary

Shweta Kapure, Dr. Malini Singh, Dr. Raj Kumar Gupta

Abstract: Ecotourism is nothing but the strategies for preserving the natural and cultural assets for the upcoming generation as well as a process for enhancing the local communities’ life economically and socially without any negative impacts on their emotional and traditional values. This study was conducted to identify and address the inherent challenges facing by the Government officials for developing and managing the eco-tourism in Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary. Secondly, this study will explore the opportunities, which were lagging behind for eco-tourism development. For this, data collection is done from the government officials, who are directly involved in the development of eco-tourism in Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary and tourists through personal interviews, structured questionnaires and observations. The first set of the questionnaire is randomly administered to government officials of the forest department of Jharkhand and tourism department of Jharkhand. The second set of the questionnaire was for the tourists who are going to visit Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary. In this study, responses were taken from 50 government officials and 260 domestic and international tourists. An Exploratory factor analysis was employed to access the factor structure of the variables that describes the main challenges being faced by the local government for eco-tourism development in the respective sanctuary. A descriptive statistical analysis was done to identify the profile of the tourists. A series of Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) procedure was performed to test any significant differences in the underlying dimensions amongst the tourist’s with different demographic characteristics. The findings of this study revealed the main challenges faced by the government officials and the tourists and as well as the opportunities which were lagging behind for the development of eco-tourism in the respective sanctuary. This study is limited to Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary only, and the findings cannot generalize to other sanctuary of Jharkhand or the other states of India.

Keywords: Eco-tourism, Challenges, Opportunities, Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, Destination Management ————————————————————

1 INTRODUCTION This state has the potential to promote tourism and has Ecotourism is one of the newest versions of tourism, which plentiful opportunities to offer to tourist having willingness to is gaining the fast motion in the development of the take a dip in its natural and cultural heritage.(Saw, 2018). country’s GDP. It is a responsible act towards the natural Jharkhand means ―Part of Forest‖ which offers a perfect areas, which preserve the natural and cultural assets & lead holiday option. Its evergreen forest, the natural beauties, the welfare of the local community of the destination. The wildlife, number of waterfalls, gives a true bonanza to the significance scope of ecotourism is growing globally nature lover tourist. because the sustainability dimension of ecotourism does not only advocate for safeguarding of the biodiversity but The major objectives are as following; also economically and socially fit for the local community. 1. To explore, the opportunities of eco-tourism in Recently the local community has come up with the most Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary. important stakeholder and their pro-active and energetic 2. To understand the critical challenges being faced participation in tourism activities is a key of successful by the government as stakeholder for the tourism in the respective destination. (Harun & Chiciudean, development of eco-tourism in Dalma Wildlife 2018). Eco-tourism is a way to develop tourism in the Sanctuary. natural areas and a mode of preserving it in a sustainable manner.(Saw, 2018). More visits to the wildlife sanctuary or 2 LITERATURE REVIEW the national park contribute to the development of the Ecotourism in Africa from the past 30 years has region along with the social, environmental and the experienced a number of challenges especially in east and economical sustainability for the local people, which the central part of the countries has despoiled with the civil consequently have the great support for the natural areas. wars, which have the tremendous scope and the potential (Thapa & Lee, 2016). Ecotourism has the potential for the of eco-tourism development. Another reason is poor quality frequent solution for the local community related to the of the infrastructure has rendered most of the countries of social and economic background and as well as for the Africa with diverse wildlife and abundant species conservation of biodiversity in the region. (Snyman, 2016). inaccessibility which is really affecting the potential of eco- The land of forest or the land of tribes, Jharkhand is one of tourism in those countries. (Backman & Munanura, 2016). the wealthy states among all the state of India with 29% of Understanding the local community’s emotion, beliefs, forest area. traditions and socio-economic benefits, helps the planning and policy makers to develop and implement the long term sustainable strategies to keep the place naturally and culturally fit. (Harun & Chiciudean, 2018).The ______managements have the similar challenges related to local

 Shweta Kapure1st, Research Scholar, Amity University Uttar community, tourist, environment and government sector in Pradesh, natural areas. Problems like infrastructure and seasonal  Email id: [email protected], Phone No.: 8340166685 inaccessibility is one of the major factors counting against  Dr. Malini Singh2nd, Associate Professor, Amity University, Uttar tourism growth in Okomu national park, Nigeria. Moreover, Pradesh, this park has encountered with many obstacles like  Email Id: [email protected], Phone No.: 9444951672 inadequate facilities, funding and households of Oguta  Dr. Raj Kumar Gupta3rd, Head of Department, IHM Pusa, New Delhi, Email id: [email protected], Phone No.:7011061787 community, lack of maintenance, and most relevant are 3581 IJSTR©2020 www.ijstr.org INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 03, MARCH 2020 ISSN 2277-8616 lack of Government interest and corruption. (Ijeomah & 3 MATERIALS AND METHOD Okoli, 2016). For the improvement of socio-economic of The study is conducted in Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, Jharkhand, there is a need to develop tourism while Jamshedpur during February – march 2019 in order to keeping the sustainability of the natural and cultural beauty. identify the critical challenges and opportunities for eco- Eco-tourism plays a vital role in responsible and sustainable tourism. This study applied convenient sampling approach development. Jharkhand, where plenty of natural beauties for the data collection from government official and tourists available just need to take a cue from this without any visiting this sanctuary. And because of that, this might let to disturbance to local community and ecology, promote biasness. Therefore, to remove these bias multiple tourism. This research paper focuses on the detailed imputation and predict the bias technique were used. information regarding the problems and prospects of (Thomas, Amy, Philip, & Katherine, 2015). There were two tourism in Jharkhand. (Saw, 2018)Ghana is a well-known set of questionnaire first one for the government official and ecotourism sites with plenty of opportunities and potential to the second one for the tourist. The relationship between the develop it. In this study, researchers have come out with opportunities and the demographic profile of the tourist was the problem of anthropogenic climate change and its impact analysed with the help of MANOVA.(Chen, 2000). on ecotourism in Aburi Botanical Garden, Ghana. The study Hypothesis one & two are tested by MANOVA, to find out confirmed that the change in patterns of rainfall and the the significant relationship between the demographic profile temperature has insignificant impacts on the flora and fauna of the tourist and the opportunities of eco-tourism (Purpose of Aburi Botanical garden. Because of this the ecotourism and eco-tourism activities. Hypothesis 3 is tested to extract potential has remain unharmed and so it is recommended the less significant challenges through factor analysis. that the Aburi Botanical garden has properly maintain the Researcher has find out through literature reviews that, the standards and upgrades its systems to promote ecotourism author(Alrwajfah, Garcia, & Macias, 2019)has used the effectively and efficiently. (Agyei, 2019).The challenge statistical test (factor analysis) to analyse the data and to helps the government official to formulate and implement explain the dependent variables after extracting domains the tourism development strategies, which specifically gives via factor analysis test. the benefits to the local community as well as tourist and environment. From the future prospect, the effectiveness of 4 STUDY AREA the tourism will ultimately depend on the following question Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary a paradise of elephant, situated like what form of tourism has to be developed in which around the Dalma Hills, which is a much larger area. It is place and who will get benefited and as well as when, located about 100 km. from the capital city Ranchi, and where how it can be a implemented in an appropriate. 10 km. from the steel city Jamshedpur. This sanctuary (Gebremariam, 2018).The Effective planning, strategies, attracts varied group of people right from the city dwellers, implementation process and management of the students to nature lovers. This wildlife sanctuary runs ecotourism should be refers to the concept and parallel to the NH-33 with majestic hills as high as 915 ft. fundamental of ecotourism that is involvement of eco- from sea level. Dalma Sanctuary spread over 193sqkm of tourism activities, sustainability, education, awareness, East Singhbhum and Saraikela- kharsawan districts of the beneficial for local community, and satisfied tourist. (Yacob, Jharkhand state. Because most part of Dalma forests shed Radam, & Samdin, 2011)The analysis of the perception of leaves in the summer and full bloom at the onset of stakeholders reveals that, ecotourism can be a catalyst by monsoon it comes under the category of peninsular Sal and being learning tools for the entire age category, the local Northern Dry Mixed Deciduous Forest. It is one of the most community and tourists. However, still there are several visited sanctuary in the Jharkhand, which has immense factors like lack of awareness, education, government natural and cultural beauty, opportunities and potential for interest, stops ecotourism from reaching it in a full potential developing tourism. Inside the Sanctuary, there are number mode by strengthening the link between the preservation of villages with vibrant culture, which attracts many tourists and sustainable development in the Monviso Transboundry every year. From last few years, the forest department of Biosphere Reserve. (Mondino & Beery, 2018). One of the the Jharkhand is developing Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary as a major reasons is corruption and the top down governance best eco-tourism destination. They are putting all the efforts approach to wildlife and the protected area management to keep this sanctuary in the world tourism map. has become a limitation or major challenge to the success of eco-tourism in many countries like African Countries with Conceptual Frame Work tremendous ecotourism potential. (Backman & Munanura, Challenges in eco-tourism development are an on-going 2016).The Literature review provided a clear path to phenomenon and has adverse effect on eco-tourism investigate the critical challenges and the opportunities for development process. Challenges related to local and eco-tourism development process in Dalma Wildlife tourist, environment and government sector (Forest Sanctuary. However, the literature does not include some Department) are the main obstacles, which comes during significant challenges being faced by government the eco-tourism development process. Dalma wildlife department. At this point, the result of this study Sanctuary serves as home to a number of flora fauna and demonstrated whether the hypotheses are supported or as well as the local community and the tribal and have the not. However, in the main body of this study, the plenty of opportunities for the tourist especially for the eco- independent variables (the challenges) explained after the tourist to perform activities like nature walk, extraction with the help of factor analysis and the mountaineering, bird watching, photography. This discovered the relationship between the opportunities and framework, therefore helps to discover the critical the demographic profile of the tourist through MANOVA. challenges (independent variable) and their factors, which have the negative effect on eco-tourism development 3582 IJSTR©2020 www.ijstr.org INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 03, MARCH 2020 ISSN 2277-8616 process (dependent variable) and also explorethe days. More than half of the respondent 60.4% were using relationship between the opportunities(independent their own vehicles to visit this sanctuary. The majority of the variable) existing in the sanctuary i.e., eco-tourism activities respondent 71.5%) visiting this sanctuary with their family and purpose to visit having the positive effect on eco- and 50% of the respondent having the later plan to visit this tourism development process (dependent variable). sanctuary again. This means the Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary having the great potential or opportunities to develop eco- Formulation of Hypothesis tourism. National park and the wildlife sanctuary is the jewel of the country which plays a significant role in the provision of Analysis of Challenges and Opportunities Variables. recreational and adventure opportunities for the tourist to Principal factor analysis (PCA) was conducted to access enjoy and experience the natural beauty, but also need the dimensionality of the 23 variables used to evaluate the continues support from the local people of that area. (Thapa challenges being faced by the government official for eco- & Lee, 2016). Therefore, with help of this research paper tourism development in dalma wildlife sanctuary. the researcher has formulated the following hypothesis; Researcher has used a 5 point Likert-scale based on the H1:- There is a significant relationship between the following scale i.e., 1 is strongly disagree; 2 is disagree; 3 is demographic profile (Age, Gender) and the purpose of neutral; 4 is agree; 5 is strongly agree to evaluate each visiting Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary. variables. To determine the appropriateness of factor analysis, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measures of H2:- There is a significant relationship between the sampling adequacy and Bartletts’ test of Sphericity were demographic profile (Age, Gender) and the eco-tourism performed and the result revealed the value of .72, which is activities existing inside the Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary. sufficient for further analysis such as MANOVA. The evidences of the Tanzania has revealed that the (Tabachnick & Fidell, 1989).As for the alpha reliability country has not utilized its most of the ecotourism potential coefficients, a factor with the value less than .70 is not and the reason is inaccessibility in some protected areas, considered a valid dimension in explaining the critical inadequate infrastructure, and insufﬁcient marketing and challenges of eco-tourism development process. (Nunnally promotion which actually minimizing and localized the & Bernstein, 1994) ecotourism activities in Tanzania. For overcome with this problem, there is a need of regulatory authorities to Opportunities of Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary. articulate clear policies, regulations, and guidelines that The researcher has found that the 48.5% respondent’s outline the strategies on how to implement ecotourism purpose to visit Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary is weekend gate activities in most parts of Tanzania while benefiting the local away with their family or friends. Moreover, 69.8% of the community, the environment in a sustainable manner. The total respondent having the purpose to visit this sanctuary is researcher has outline the various ecotourism attractions wildlife photography, weekend gate away, and to and activities, examine the magnitude and opportunities as experience the local life or culture. Only 11.5% of the total well as the challenges of ecotourism practices in Tanzania. respondent having the purpose is adventure, and the (Mgonja, Sirima, & Mkumbo, 2015). Therefore, with the help reason they have mentioned are inadequate facility of of this research paper the researcher has suggested the adventure equipment, safety and security, trainer. following hypothesis; Therefore, this is the challenges what tourist faced during the adventure activities.Regarding eco-tourism activities, H3:- There are a significant number of challenges being the 24.2% of the entire respondent is extremely satisfied faced by the government as stakeholder for the with the visiting of monuments as a part of eco-tourism development of eco-tourism in the sanctuary. activities. The 50% respondent of the total respondent is very satisfied with the Interaction of local people in Dalma 5 DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS Wildlife Sanctuary to know their tradition and the culture, and 39.6% respondent having moderate satisfaction level Tourist’s Profile with wildlife photography, and 25.4% respondent is slightly About more than half of the respondents (58.8%) were satisfied with the activity of buying handicrafts. In MANOVA, males and about 53.4% respondents were married and researcher has to consider the Wilks’ Lambda test only, and 32.8% were unmarried. About 23.1% had an annual income the p-value is 0.05. In Table 01, the researcher has the p- of 04 to 08 lakh and 29.6% respondent was students or value is .000, since this is less than .05, so researcher is homemaker with no income. The majority of the rejecting the null Hypothesis. The age of the tourist and the respondents (63.5%) reported that they are graduated. With purpose to visit the sanctuary, significantly related to each regard to the age of the respondents, about 34.6% were other. And in Table 02, here for the gender, the p-value is between 31 to 40, and 18.8% indicated they were older 0.031 which is less than 0.05, so the researcher is rejecting than 50. About 37.7% of the respondent, they are in the null Hypothesis. It means the gender of the tourist and government or private service. For this survey, 13.5% of the the purpose of visiting the Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary having total respondents were student, and 20% was homemaker the significant relationship. and 8.1% was retired from their work. More than half of the a respondent 61.9% were visiting this sanctuary for the first Table 01 Multivariate Tests . time and 53.8% of the respondent were tourist means they Effect Value F Sig. were staying inside the sanctuary. About 35.6% respondent Pillai's Trace .209 3.509 .000 booked their travel plan through online and 30.5% Age Wilks' Lambda .799 3.675 .000 respondent staying inside the sanctuary for one to two Hotelling's Trace .243 3.797 .000 3583 IJSTR©2020 www.ijstr.org INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 03, MARCH 2020 ISSN 2277-8616

Roy's Largest Root .195 12.444c .000 Communication barrier between local people and 1.000 .724 1.94 .956 a Government Table 02 Multivariate Tests . Lack of human resources 1.000 .890 2.80 1.278 Effect Value F Sig. and travel intermediaries Pillai's Trace .041 2.695b .031 Hunting & poaching 1.000 .621 2.54 .885 b Animal are migrating Gen Wilks' Lambda .959 2.695 .031 1.000 .772 2.90 1.344 b from the sanctuary der Hotelling's Trace .042 2.695 .031 b Local are using Roy's Largest Root .042 2.695 .031 poisonous chemical for 1.000 .772 2.38 1.227 agriculture Here in Table 03, the p-value is .024 since this is less than Domestic livestock .05, so researcher is rejecting the null Hypothesis. The age grazing and weed 1.000 .944 3.70 1.282 infestation of the tourist and the satisfaction level on eco-tourism Infectious diseases from activities are significantly related. And in the table 04, the p- domestic animals to 1.000 .883 2.26 1.139 value for the gender .216, since this is greater than .05, so wildlife the researcher has failed to reject the null Hypothesis. It Industrial wastages and means there is no significant relationship between the pollution affect the 1.000 .710 1.82 1.137 sanctuary gender of the tourist and the satisfaction level on eco- Commercial mining within 1.000 .909 1.60 1.088 tourism activities existing inside the Dalma Wildlife. the sanctuary Govt. receives supports 1.000 .620 2.36 .964 Table 03 Multivariate Testsa. from the local community Encroachment by farmer Effect Value F Sig. 1.000 .812 3.60 1.088 and builders Pillai's Trace .208 1.527 .025 Presence of illegal Wilks' Lambda .805 1.532 .024 Age distilleries in and around 1.000 .828 2.04 1.106 Hotelling's Trace .225 1.535 .024 the sanctuary Roy's Largest Root .118 3.289c .001 Forest fire 1.000 .828 2.42 .883 Illegal logging/ cutting of 1.000 .625 2.46 .885 trees Table 04 Multivariate Testsa. Extraction method: principal component analysis. Effect Value F Sig. b Pillai's Trace .046 1.341 .216 b The mean and standard deviation of 23 variables attitudes Wilks' Lambda .954 1.341 .216 Gend presented in Table 8. Respondents were most likely to er Hotelling's Trace .048 1.341b .216 agree that (a) locals are not ready to accept changes, (b) Roy's Largest Root .048 1.341b .216 domestic livestock grazing &weed infestation, (c) encroachment by farmers. Meanwhile they are inclined to Challenges being faced by the Government Officials disagree with these variables (a) commercial mining, (b) Here in the Table 05, the factor loading of almost all the industrial wastages and pollution affect the sanctuary, (c) factors found to be above 0.7, which shows that they are communication barrier between the local community and significant challenges and having the adverse effect on the the government official and (d) presence of illegal eco-tourism development process in Dalma Wildlife distilleries in and around the sanctuary. The results Sanctuary. Only the factors that is, illegal logging in the indicate that the government official especially the forest sanctuary, Government receive supports from the other department was believed that eco-tourism development department, hunting and poaching in the sanctuary, loss of process is having the number of problems. However, they habitat for the animals, are found to be less significant or are trying to remove those obstacles and improve the eco- having minimal effect. Hence, they removed from the tourism development process in an effective manner. The further analysis. Communalities total variance explained in Table 9, for the Table 05 first seven factors found to be more than 1.0 and the Variables Initial Extraction Mean SD cumulative percentage is 80.040. It means all the first Co-operation among the 1.000 .767 2.64 1.290 seven factor that is, co-operation among the various govt. various govt. department department, local are not ready to accept change, Local are not ready to 1.000 .858 3.78 1.036 accept changes infrastructure challenges, environmental degradation and Infrastructure challenges 1.000 .861 3.36 1.045 ground water depletion, loss of habitat for animals, having Environmental 80% effect on the entire cumulative values. It shows that degradation and ground 1.000 .870 2.40 1.340 these factors having the major effects in the study variable. water depletion The other factors having only the one-fifth effect on the Loss of habitat for animal 1.000 .637 3.34 1.189 Loss of habitat for local study variable. 1.000 .841 3.30 1.233 Community Safety for wildlife 1.000 .894 2.70 1.313 Table 06. Total Variance Explained. Safety for tourist and 1.000 .844 2.78 1.200 Comp Initial Extraction Sums Rotation Sums of local onent Eigenvalues of Squared Squared Loadings Problem in project Loadings implementation and 1.000 .899 2.20 1.088 administration set up

Tot % Cu Tot % Cumu Total % of Cum enhance the level of opportunities for eco-tourism al of mul al of lative Varia ulativ development. Vari ativ Vari % nce e % anc e % anc e e 7 CONCLUSION 7.0 30. 30. 7.0 30. 30.57 25.58 25.58 A Sanctuary will always be a friend for the environment if 1 5.884 32 572 572 32 572 2 4 4 it’s taken care off. From last few years, the forest 4.8 20. 51. 4.8 20. 51.56 21.98 47.57 2 5.058 department of the Jharkhand is developing Dalma Wildlife 28 991 563 28 991 3 9 3 Sanctuary as a best eco-tourism destination .As the 1.6 7.1 58. 1.6 7.1 58.69 55.35 3 1.789 7.779 researcher has been researching on the eco-tourism of 41 34 697 41 34 7 3 1.4 6.2 64. 1.4 6.2 64.90 62.21 dalma sanctuary, found many critical challenges like local 4 1.578 6.860 28 09 906 28 09 6 2 community are not ready to accept change, they don’t want 1.3 5.7 70. 1.3 5.7 70.61 68.41 5 1.426 6.199 to communicate with the forest officers, environment 12 05 611 12 05 1 1 degradation, ground water depletion the government official 1.1 4.8 75. 1.1 4.8 75.42 74.46 6 1.393 6.057 are facing, so these challenge might help them to plan and 08 18 429 08 18 9 8 1.0 4.6 80. 1.0 4.6 80.04 80.04 implement those strategies in a sustainable and long term 7 1.282 5.572 61 12 040 61 12 0 0 manner so that it can be beneficial for tourist, local people Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. and the environment. 69.8% of the total respondent having the purpose to visit this sanctuary is wildlife photography, Source: Author weekend gate away, and to experience the local life or culture .Adding adventure activities will be a positive step to 6 DISCUSSION & FINDINGS increase tourists all year especially on weekends. After analyzing the data through factor analysis and the observation done by the researcher, it has received that 8 FUTURE IMPLICATION currently in Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, the eco-tourism This research contributes to the literature in several areas. development process is relatively slow and these are the The result of this study will be utility for the forest following reasons for this:- department and other government official, who are dealing 1. Co-operation among the various department of directly or indirectly with the eco-tourism development government. process in Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary and help them to 2. Local are not ready to accept change. understand the opportunities that are lagging behind in the 3. Infrastructure challenges. respective sanctuary and also can understand the types of 4. Environmental degradation and ground water critical challenges while eco-tourism development process. depletion. As well as, it will help them to make new planning, 5. Loss of habitat for the animals. strategies and provide idea to implement them in such a 6. Loss of habitat for local people. way so that there is a minimal negative impact on local 7. Safety for the wildlife. community, environment in a sustainable & long term manner so that it can be beneficial for tourist, local people The second major findings of this research work is, the and for the environment. Finally, this is the first in-depth gender of the tourist has no significant relation with the eco- study of the government official and the tourist regarding tourism activities in Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, it means in challenges and opportunities of the Dalma Wildlife this sanctuary the eco-tourism activities is performed by any Sanctuary; hence, it offers the opportunity to set a tourist without taking consideration of gender factor. benchmark to examine the other sanctuary of the However, the age factor plays a vital role to perform the Jharkhand state for further evaluation in the study. Future eco-tourism activities because of having the different studies should considered an examination of the tourist interest level or satisfaction level.And the purpose to visit related to satisfaction on the service quality provided inside Dalma wildlife Sanctuary and tourist’s demographic profile the sanctuary and also can come up with the impact of eco- (Gender & Age) having no significant relationship with each tourism development process on the local community, other. It means the tourist with different age group & gender environment. with different purpose visiting Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary and extremely enjoying the natural beauties of this sanctuary. 9 LIMITATION After discussion with the local Community, the researcher The researcher paper is limited to Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary has come up with the conclusion that they have knowledge and the government official with less sample size for of the sanctuary in a large extent including cultural and government officials i.e., 50 from forest department and the spiritual aspects which have affect in eco-tourism tourism department. Because of the money and time developing process. However, they tend to lack of constraint, the researcher has collected their data only in education & training to operate the eco-tourism activities two month. In this study researcher has only investigate the from the business point of view. These obstacles limit the challenges being faced by the government and the chance of local community to participate in Eco-tourism opportunities, which were lagging behind as an eco-tourism development process. The major findings of this study potential of the sanctuary without considering the impacts of indicates that, Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary have tremendous eco-tourism on local community. The result of the study is natural cultural potential, such as different species of flora only limited to this sanctuary only and cannot be and fauna, very high scope of eco-tourism activities generalized to other sanctuary of the Jharkhand and other varieties of cultural dance, music, which play a vital role to part of the India.

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