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Multyfarnham Biodiversity Report of River Gaine

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Multyfarnham Biodiversity Report of River Gaine Whitehill Environmental Noreen McLoughlin, MSc Environmental Consultant Whitehill Edgeworthstown Co. Longford (087) 4127248 / (043) 6672775 [email protected] A BIODIVERSITY REPORT OF THE RIVER GAINE CORRIDOR, MULTYFARNHAM, CO. WESTMEATH Prepared by Whitehill Environmental on Behalf of: Multyfarnham Tidy Towns Association June 2018 All Maps and Aerial Photography used in this report are reproducedi under OSI Licence No. EN 0079018 M U L TY F AR N H AM TI D Y TO WN S – TH E B I O D I VE R S I TY O F TH E R I VE R G AI N E TA BLE O F C ON TE N TS 1 INTRODUCTION ________________________________________________________________________ 3 Background .............................................................................................................................................. 3 Biodiversity .............................................................................................................................................. 3 Multyfarnham .......................................................................................................................................... 4 2 METHODOLOGY _______________________________________________________________________ 7 3 RESULTS _____________________________________________________________________________ 8 The River Gaine - Overview ...................................................................................................................... 8 The River Gaine – Water Quality .............................................................................................................. 8 The River Gaine - Habitats ....................................................................................................................... 8 Notable Species ..................................................................................................................................... 14 Macro-Invertebrates .............................................................................................................................. 15 Designated Areas ................................................................................................................................... 16 4 RECOMMENDATIONS __________________________________________________________________ 17 ii M U L TY F AR N H AM TI D Y TO WN S – TH E B I OD I VE R S I TY O F TH E R I VE R G AI N E 1 I N TROD UCTION B ACKGROUND In June 2018, Multyfarnham Tidy Towns commissioned Whitehill Environmental to undertake a biodiversity assessment of the River Gaine corridor in Multyfarnham. The purposes of this survey were to: Identify and describe the habitats along the River Gaine corridor; Assess the value of these habitats for biodiversity and wildlife; Provide advice on the future management of these habitats; Make an assessment of the water quality within the River Gainw and to make recommendations as to the protection and improvement of water quality in this river; Propose potential future protects that could be undertaken to further enhance biodiversity in the town. The scope of the area studied as part of this assessment included the River Gaine corridor from the east of the village at the forestry plantation to the western section of the friary. B IODIV ERSITY The term ‘biodiversity’ is short for biological diversity and it encompasses all life on earth. Apart from species of plant and animal, it includes diversity at a larger scale e.g. habitats and at a smaller scale i.e. genetic diversity. The importance of biodiversity has been formally recognised since 1992, when the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development was held in Rio de Janeiro and the Convention on Biological Diversity was agreed. Ireland ratified the convention in 1996. Ireland’s first National Biodiversity Plan was published in 2002 and this highlighted the need for local biodiversity plans. Biodiversity has now become an integral part of the Tidy Towns Competition and a special Notice Nature award sponsored by the National Parks and Wildlife Service, goes to the towns which have shown initiative to protect biodiversity and their local environment. 3 M U L TY F AR N H AM TI D Y TO WN S – TH E B I OD I VE R S I TY O F TH E R I VE R G AI N E M ULTYFARNHAM Multyfarnham is a small village nestled amongst the rolling hills and lakes of north Westmeath. It is famous for its Franciscan monastery, which was founded in 1268. The current friary was built in 1839 and as well as being a place for devotion, it is used as an educational and seminar centre. Multyfarnham is located at the intersection of the L1820 and L1618 local roads. It is 12km north-west of Mullingar town and 8km south-west of Castlepollard. It has been designated as a Rural Centre in the County Westmeath Settlement Strategy, as set out in the Westmeath County Development Plan 2014 – 2020. The landscape surrounding Multyfarnham is characterised by high quality agricultural farmland, forestry and lakes. Location maps depicting Multyfarnham are shown in Figures 1 and 2, whilst an aerial photograph of the village is shown in Figure 3. Figure 1 – Location Map (Discovery Series) 4 M U L TY F AR N H AM TI D Y TO WN S – TH E B I OD I VE R S I TY O F TH E R I VE R G AI N E Figure 2 – OSI Map The fabric of the village is dominated by a wide main street that is characterised by early nineteenth century buildings. In recognition of its attractive buildings, the village core has been designated as an Architectural Conservation Area. There is a Motte to the south of the village and this appears to be the earliest surviving evidence of settlement in the area (Westmeath County Development Plan, 2014). The Multyfarnham Rural Centre Plan 2014 – 2020 outlines a number of Policies and Objectives of Westmeath County Council in relation to the heritage elements of Multyfarnham, e.g., Policy P-MF18 is “to promote and enhance existing archaeological, built and natural heritage elements associated with Multyfarnham and to ensure their protection”. 5 M U L TY F AR N H AM TI D Y TO WN S – TH E B I OD I VE R S I TY O F TH E R I VE R G AI N E Figure 3 – OSI Map 6 M U L TY F AR N H AM TI D Y TO WN S – TH E B I OD I VE R S I TY O F TH E R I VE R G AI N E 2 ME THOD OLOGY This survey involved both desk and field study elements. The desk study was carried out using modern Ordinance Survey Mapping, as well as the historical 6 inch and 12 inch maps. Aerial photographs (Google, Bing and OSI) were also consulted. In addition, information on any habitats, species and landscape were obtained from the websites of the National Parks and Wildlife Service, the Environmental Protection Agency and the National Biodiversity Data Centre. The field survey element of this study was carried out on June 13th 2018. The River Gaine corridor from the forest to the western end of the Friary was walked. Habitats were identified and classified according to Fossit (2000). Any species of birds or mammals observed were recorded and noted. In addition, the macro-invertebrates of the River Gaine were assessed during a bank side survey. Macro- invertebrates were collected from the river using a hand held sweep net. They were collected from the bridge (upstream of the Friary) and from within the grounds of the Friary itself. They were identified to either family or species level. From this bankside investigation, an initial assessment of the biological water quality in the River Gaine was made. As some species of invertebrates are more tolerant to organic pollution than others, an estimation of water quality was made based upon the relative abundances of the indictor taxa in the sample. 7 M U L TY F AR N H AM TI D Y TO WN S – TH E B I OD I VE R S I TY O F TH E R I VE R G AI N E 3 R E S ULTS T H E R I V ER G A IN E - O VERVIEW Multyfarnham lies within the Upper Shannon Hydrometric Area and Catchment and the Inny Sub-Catchment and Sub-Basin. The River Gaine rises in the townland of Brittas, approximately 9.7km south-east (approximately 11km upstream) of Multyfarnham. It flows from its source in Brittas in a north-westerly direction, though the village of Multyfarnham until its confluence with the most south-westerly section of Lough Derravaragh, at a point 2.5km downstream of Multyfarnham village. For much it its course, the River Gaine flows through areas of improved agricultural grassland. Other habitats within its catchment include mixed forestry plantations, a quarry, wet grassland and raised bog habitats. It is joined by numerous tributaries along its journey. T H E R I V ER G A IN E – W A TE R Q UALITY The EPA have classified the ecological status of the River Gaine from its source to downstream of the Friary as poor. Just downstream of the Friary, status improves slightly to moderate. Under the requirements of the Water Framework Directive, this is unsatisfactory and this status must be improved. It is likely that the land-use and practices upstream of Multyfarnham are contributing to this poor status. Lough Derravaragh itself has been classed as good status whilst the River Inny where it flows out of Lough Derravaragh has been classed as moderate status. T H E R I V ER G A IN E - H A B I T A TS For the purposes of this report, the course of the River Gaine through Multyfarnham has been divided into five sections, beginning at the forestry plantation in the south-east of the village and finishing at the boundary of the Friary to the north-west of the village. For each section, the river is described in terms of its physical characteristics, as well as its bank side and in-stream habitats. An aerial photograph outlining the relevant sections of the river is shown in Figure 4, whilst photographs taken of each section are also included. 8 M U L TY F AR N H AM TI D Y TO WN S – TH E B I OD I VE R S I TY O F TH E R I VE R G AI N E Figure 4 – River Gaine and Sections SECTION ONE Within the study area defined as Section One, the River Gaine flows close to a forestry plantation dominated by conifers (Sitka spruce Picea sitchensis) and surrounded by a belt of alder trees Alnus glutinosa.
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