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Table 1. Summary of Eradication Projects in Australia (Successes, Current Projects and Failures, 2000-2012)

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Table 1. Summary of Eradication Projects in Australia (Successes, Current Projects and Failures, 2000-2012) Table 1. Summary of eradication projects in Australia (successes, current projects and failures, 2000-2012) Invasive organisms National eradications State eradications Island eradications Regional eradications Vertebrate animals - succeeded 0 7 (mostly fish) >120 (mostly rats, goats, cats) 22 (mostly fish) - current 0 1 4 NA - recently failed 0 3 0 NA Invertebrate animals - succeeded 4 4 2 0 - current 2 1 2 NA - recently failed 2 1 0 NA Plants - succeeded 5 10 0 ?? - current 8 3 20 (Lord Howe Island) NA - recently failed 1 2 0 NA Pathogens - succeeded 24 (agricultural) 0 0 0 - current 3 0 0 NA - recently failed 1 0 0 NA Total succeeded 34 23 ~120 Total current 13 5 26 NA Total recently failed 4 4 0 NA Table 2. Eradication projects (current in 2012) State/Site Species Scale of eradication area invaded / Date started Cost to date / Threat category population estimated total cost Victoria14 Pigeon paramyxovirus National 62 properties (Jan 2011 ? environmental & 2012) economic Queensland Cocoa pod borer National 1 property 2011 ? economic (Conopomorpha cramerella) North-east Victoria15 Chestnut blight National 9 properties / 400 2010 economic (Cryphonectria infected trees parasitica) North Queensland16 Electric ants National ? 2006 $7 million? Economic, (Wasmannia environmental & auropunctata) social Queensland17 Limnocharis National <3 ha 2004 2.4 million / ? Environmental & (Limnocharis flava) economic Koster’s curse 4 ha, 1 site (Clidemia hirta) Mikania vine <30 ha (Mikania micrantha) Miconia (Miconia calvescens, M. racemosa, M. nervosa.) Southeast Red imported fire National 37,000 ha? 2001 $202 million /? environmental, Queensland ants (Solenopsis health, social & invicta) economic Darwin, Northern Fringed spider flower National 4.5 ha 2000 ? Economic, Territory18 (Cleome environmental rutidosperma) North Queensland19 Siam weed National 11,000 ha 1994 $5 million /$15 Economic, (Chromolaena million environmental, social odorata), C. squalida Macquarie Island Rabbits Island 12,800 ha / 130,000 2010 ? / $25 million environmental Black rats (Rattus rabbits rattus) House mice Lord Howe Island20 20 weed species: Island 1455 ha 2004 $3.5 million? / >$4 environmental including bitou bush, million? bridal creeper, lantana Tiwi Islands, Tropical Fire Ant Island ? ? ? Economic, Kimberley (Solenopsis geminata) environmental & African Big-headed social ants (Pheidole megacephala) Queensland21 Yellow crazy ants State >20 infestations in ?2003 2003: $1,120,000 environmental (Anoplolepis north Qld & SEQ gracilipes) Queensland Mimosa pigra State 1 site / ~100 plants? 2002 ? / >$3 million Economic, (Proserpine, North environmental Queensland22) Western Australia23 Bedstraw (Galium State 100 ha 2002 ? economic tricornutum) Victoria24 Alligator weed State <3 ha, several sites 1997 ? environmental & (Alternanthera economic Philoxeroides) Western Australia25 Starlings (Sturnus State Multiple sites (& 1971 ?>$10 million26 Economic, vulgaris) multiple incursions) environmental Tasmania Foxes State / island ? 2002 ?~$20 million?27 environmental & economic Tasmania28 Carp State / island Lakes Crescent & Lake 1995 ~$5 million / Environmental & (Cyprinus carpio) Sorell 400,000/year economic Table 3. Recent unsuccessful eradication attempts (national or state 2000-2012) Note: Some failed because there was inadequate information at the start about the extent of invasion. Failed eradication does not mean total failure if the invader is contained and damage is limited. Peak area invaded / Date ended / Site Species Scale of eradication invasive species Cost Threat category duration population Asian honey-bees economic, North Qld National ? 2011 / 4 years $3 million (Apis cerana) environmental Branched broomrape South Australia National 11,000 ha 2011 / 11 years $45 million economic (Orobanche ramosa) European house Perth Metropolitan WA29 borer Hylotrupes National 2011 / 7 years $13 million economic area bajulus Coastal NSW, Myrtle rust (Puccinia economic, NSW, Qld National southern Qld, >100 2010 / 8 months psidii) environmental, social species infected Jack Dempsey cichlids 1 isolated flooded Angourie, NSW30 (Cichlasoma State 2005 / 1 year ? environmental quarry octofasciatum) Skeleton weed WA31 state 5000 ha 2009 / 35 years >$40 million32 economic (Chondrilla juncea) Southern platyfish (Xiphophorus Campvale Drain maculates or X. State 2 drains / 90 fish 200934 >$10,000 environmental Medowie, NSW33 variatus - or a hybrid between the two species) Yellow crazy ants East Arnhem Land, (Anoplolepis State ? ? / [started 2004] $3 million? environmental Darwin, NT gracilipes) West Lakes & Port Caulerpa taxifolia Environmental, River, South state 2 sites 2005?/3 years ? 35 economic Australia (saltwater alga) Queensland (SEQ) Red-eared slider State 2004 ? Environmental turtle Alligator weed Queensland (SEQ) (Alternanthera State >100 backyards 1995 ? Environmental philoxeroides) Tables 4.1 to 4.4 Eradications achieved 4.1 Vertebrate animal eradications Date achieved / Site Species Scale of eradication Area invaded (peak) Cost Threat category duration Green swordtail Northern Territory state ? ? environmental (Xiphophorus hellerii) Grey squirrel (Sciurus 1922 Environmental, Adelaide36 state 4000 ha ? carolinensis) 3 years economic Jewel cichlid Drainage channel of Darwin, Northern (Hemichromis state Royal Darwin Turf 2002 ? environmental Territory37 bimaculatus) Club Oriential Brisbane, Weatherloach One drain near state ? ? environmental Queensland38 (Misgurnus Burpengary Creek. anguillicaudatus) Platy (Xiphophorus Northern Territory state ? ? ? environmental maculates) Speckled livebearer 12 ponds <1 ha (golf 2006 / Sydney, NSW39 (Phalloceros state ? environmental course) 2 attempts caudimaculatus) Willunga Creek, south 4 km stretch of creek 2011 Speckled livebearer state environmental of Adelaide40 />100,000 fish 2 years Black rats (Rattus Bedout Island, WA41 Island 21 ha 1981 ? environmental rattus) Barrow Island & 270 ha 1985 7 adjacent islands, Black rats Island 556 ha (largest 350 ? environmental 42 1991 WA ha) Boodie Island, WA43 Black rats Island 202 ha 1985 ? environmental Middle Island, West 61 ha Island (Lacepede Black rats Island 1986 ? environmental 91 ha Islands), WA44 Rat Island, Pigeon 65 ha Island (Houtman Black rats Island 1993 ? environmental 5 ha Abrolhos group), WA45 1995 Bowen Island, NSW46 Black rats Island 55 ha ? environmental 2 years Montebello Islands, >2000 ha total 1996, 1999, 2001 Black rats Island environmental WA47 (>12 islands)? (largest 520 ha?) >10 years 2005 Brush Island, NSW48 Black rats Island 47 ha ? environmental 3 months Broughton Island Black rats Island 182 ha 2009 environmental group, NSW49 Boatswain Island, Cats Island 26 ha ? ? environmental Vic50 Churchill Island, Cats Island 59 ha ? ? environmental Victoria51 Cliffey Island, 52 Cats Island 7 ha ? ? environmental Victoria Sunday Island, Vic53 Cats Island 1192 ha ? ? environmental Althorpe Islands, SA54 Cats Island 64 ha ? ? environmental Little Green Island, Environmental & 55 Cats Island 87 ha ? ? Tas economic Dampier Archipelago, >6000 ha total Cats Island 1980, 1985 ? environmental 4 islands56 (largest 3306 ha) Lord Howe Island, 1981 Cats Island 1455 ha >$10,000 environmental NSW57 Reevesby Island, SA58 Cats Island 409 ha 1990 ? environmental Gabo Island, 1991 Cats Island 150 ha / 30 cats environmental Victoria59 4 years 2000 Hermite Island, WA60 Cats Island 1000 ha ? environmental 6 weeks 2000 Macquarie Island61 Cats Island 12,800 ha $2.5 million environmental 15 years Failure Island, WA62 Cats Island 5194 ha 2001 ? environmental Rottnest Island, WA63 Cats Island 1884 ha 2002 ? environmental Faure Island, WA64 Cats Island 5300 ha 2010 $26,000 environmental Common blackbirds Citadel Island, Vic65 Island 20 ha ? ? environmental (Turdus merula) Dannevig Island, Vic66 Common starlings Island 27 ha ? ? environmental (Sturnis vulgaris) Seal Island, Vic67 Common starlings Island 19 ha ? ? environmental Doughboy Island, Common starlings Island 2 ha ? ? environmental Vic68 Churchill Island, Foxes Island 59 ha ? ? environmental Victoria69 Muttonbird Island, 70 Foxes Island 12 ha ? ? environmental NSW Bennison Island, Vic71 Foxes Island 6 ha ? ? environmental Dampier Archipelago, >6000 ha total Foxes Island 1980, 1985, 1990 ? environmental 6 islands, WA72 (largest 3306 ha) Goose Island, SA73 Goats Island 8 ha Green Island, SA74 Goats Island 1 ha Faure Island, WA75 Goats Island 5300 ha ? ? environmental Althorpe Islands, SA76 Goats Island 64 ha ? ? environmental Christmas Island, Goats Island ? ? ? environmental WA77 Flinders Island Little Green Island Goats 136,000 ha Environmental & Island ? ? (Furneaux Group), 87 ha economic Tas78 Long Island, Tas79 Goats Island 316 ha ? ? Environmental Preservation Island, Goats Island 204 ha ? ? environmental Tas80 Woody Island, Qld81 Goats Island 626 ha ? ? environmental Sloping Island, Tas82 Goats Island 116 ha ? ? environmental Split solitary Island, Goats Island 5 ha ? ? environmental NSW83 Thistle Island, SA84 Goats Island 4104 ha ? ? environmental Tin Kettle Island, Tas Goats Island 176 ha ? ? environmental Woody Island, WA Goats Island 626 ha ? ? environmental Moreton Island, Qld Goats Island ? ? ? Environmental 85 Economic & King Island, Tas Goats Island ? ? ? environmental Big Island, NSW86 Goats Island 19 ha 1917 ? environmental South Neptunes, SA87 Goats Island 60 ha 1968 ? environmental Lady Elliot Island, Goats Island 42 ha 1970 ? environmental Qld88 Penrith Island, Qld89 Goats Island 208 ha 1971 ? environmental Hoskyn Island,
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