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Study on Climate and Grassland Fire in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
Article Study on Climate and Grassland Fire in HulunBuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Meifang Liu 1, Jianjun Zhao 1, Xiaoyi Guo 1, Zhengxiang Zhang 1,*, Gang Tan 2 and Jihong Yang 2 1 Provincial Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Research for Northeast China, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; [email protected] (M.L.); [email protected] (J.Z.); [email protected] (X.G.) 2 Jilin Surveying and Planning Institute of Land Resources, Changchun 130061, China; [email protected] (G.T.); [email protected] (J.Y.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-186-0445-1898 Academic Editors: Jason Levy and George Petropoulos Received: 15 January 2017; Accepted: 13 March 2017; Published: 17 March 2017 Abstract: Grassland fire is one of the most important disturbance factors of the natural ecosystem. Climate factors influence the occurrence and development of grassland fire. An analysis of the climate conditions of fire occurrence can form the basis for a study of the temporal and spatial variability of grassland fire. The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of monthly time scale climate factors on the occurrence of grassland fire in HulunBuir, located in the northeast of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in China. Based on the logistic regression method, we used the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) active fire data products named thermal anomalies/fire daily L3 Global 1km (MOD14A1 (Terra) and MYD14A1 (Aqua)) and associated climate data for HulunBuir from 2000 to 2010, and established the model of grassland fire climate index. The results showed that monthly maximum temperature, monthly sunshine hours and monthly average wind speed were all positively correlated with the fire climate index; monthly precipitation, monthly average temperature, monthly average relative humidity, monthly minimum relative humidity and the number of days with monthly precipitation greater than or equal to 5 mm were all negatively correlated with the fire climate index. -
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Data Using Time-Lag Geographically-Weighted Regression
gh-2020_2 DEF.qxp_Hrev_master 14/01/21 23:37 Pagina 337 Geospatial Health 2020; volume 15:849 Spatiotemporal analysis of hand, foot and mouth disease data using time-lag geographically-weighted regression Zhi-Min Hong,1,2 Hu-Hu Wang,1,3 Yan-Juan Wang,1 Wen-Rui Wang3 1School of Sciences, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot; 2Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Statistical Analysis Theory for Life Data and Neural Network Modeling, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot; 3Institute for infectious disease and endemic disease control, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, China effect of climate factors on HFMD occurrence, but also provide Abstract helpful evidence for making measures of HFMD prevention and Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is a common and control and implementing appropriate public health interventions widespread infectious disease. Previous studies have presented at the county level in different seasons. evidence that climate factors, including the monthly averages of temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, wind speed and Cumulative Risk (CR) all have a strong influence on the transmis- Introduction sion of HFMD. In this paper, the monthly time-lag geographical- Hand, Foot and Mouthonly Disease (HFMD) is a common, acute ly-weighted regression model was constructed to investigate the infectious disease resulting in millions of cases and even death spatiotemporal variations of effect of climate factors on HFMD among children under five years old. It is caused by different occurrence in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. From species of enteroviruses, most commonly Coxsackievirus A16 and the spatial and temporal perspectives, the spatial and temporal Enterovirususe 71 (Yang et al., 2011; Zeng et al., 2015) that may variations of effect of climate factors on HFMD incidence are change with the variation of climate. -
China Using Tree Rings
Quaternary International xxx (2012) 1e9 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Quaternary International journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quaint Extension of summer (JuneeAugust) temperature records for northern Inner Mongolia (1715e2008), China using tree rings Zhenju Chen a,b,*, Xianliang Zhang a,c, Xingyuan He a,d, Nicole K. Davi e, Mingxing Cui d, Junjie Peng a a State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China b Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Shenyang Agriculture University, Changtu 112500, China c Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China d Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, China e Tree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, NY 10964, USA article info abstract Article history: This paper presents a spatially and temporally improved reconstruction of mean summer (JuneeAugust) Available online xxx temperature derived from tree-ring width data of Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii Rupr.) from the northern Great Xing’an Mountains, Northeast China. Three new chronologies were added to the original 2011 reconstruction, and the reconstruction extended back to AD 1715. The reconstruction was generated using a simple linear regression method, verified by independent meteorological data, and accounts for 47.0% of the actual temperature variance during the common period (1957e2008). The reconstruction captures decadal and century-scale regional temperature variability, such as cold decades (1940s, 1930s, 1790s, 1950s and 1850s), warm decades (2000s, 1870s, 1750s, 1980s and 1840s), a cold half-century (ca. 1750e1799), and a warm half-century (ca. -
Workers' Alliance Against Forced Labour and Trafficking
165˚W 150˚W 135˚W 120˚W 105˚W 90˚W 75˚W 60˚W 45˚W 30˚W 15˚W 0˚ 15˚E 30˚E 45˚E 60˚E 75˚E 90˚E 105˚E 120˚E 135˚E 150˚E 165˚E Workers' Alliance against Forced Labour and Tracking Chelyuskin Mould Bay Grise Dudas Fiord Severnaya Zemlya 75˚N Arctic Ocean Arctic Ocean 75˚N Resolute Industrialised Countries and Transition Economies Queen Elizabeth Islands Greenland Sea Svalbard Dickson Human tracking is an important issue in industrialised countries (including North Arctic Bay America, Australia, Japan and Western Europe) with 270,000 victims, which means three Novosibirskiye Ostrova Pond LeptevStarorybnoye Sea Inlet quarters of the total number of forced labourers. In transition economies, more than half Novaya Zemlya Yukagir Sachs Harbour Upernavikof the Kujalleo total number of forced labourers - 200,000 persons - has been tracked. Victims are Tiksi Barrow mainly women, often tracked intoGreenland prostitution. Workers are mainly forced to work in agriculture, construction and domestic servitude. Middle East and North Africa Wainwright Hammerfest Ittoqqortoormiit Prudhoe Kaktovik Cape Parry According to the ILO estimate, there are 260,000 people in forced labour in this region, out Bay The “Red Gold, from ction to reality” campaign of the Italian Federation of Agriculture and Siktyakh Baffin Bay Tromso Pevek Cambridge Zapolyarnyy of which 88 percent for labour exploitation. Migrant workers from poor Asian countriesT alnakh Nikel' Khabarovo Dudinka Val'kumey Beaufort Sea Bay Taloyoak Food Workers (FLAI) intervenes directly in tomato production farms in the south of Italy. Severomorsk Lena Tuktoyaktuk Murmansk became victims of unscrupulous recruitment agencies and brokers that promise YeniseyhighN oril'sk Great Bear L. -
Introduction
ļ Introduction WRITING THE “REINDEER EWENKI” Åshild Kolås This volume is the fi rst English-language book devoted solely to the Ewenki1 reindeer-herding community of Aoluguya, China, known lo- cally as the Aoxiangren or people of Aoluguya Ewenki Ethnic Town- ship. The Reindeer Ewenki (Chinese: xunlu ewenke), known as China’s only reindeer-using tribe (shilu buluo), have also been identifi ed as the country’s “last hunting tribe” (zuihou de shoulie buluo). As nomadic hunters of the taiga, they once lived in cone-shaped tents similar to the North American tepee. As tall as ten feet, these dwellings were made of birch bark in the summer and the hides of deer or moose in the winter, supported by larch poles. The Ewenki used reindeer as pack animals to carry tents and equipment as their owners moved through the taiga forest. Women and children would ride the reindeer, and reindeer-milk tea was a favorite drink. Aft er the founding of the People’s Republic, a “hunting production brigade” was established, and reindeer antlers started to be cut for the production of Chinese medicine. The Ewenki still hunted for subsis- tence, but as workers in the brigade they were expected to hand over game for “points,” which was the only way they could acquire supplies at the store. Following Deng Xiaoping’s economic reforms in the early 1980s, the brigade was turned into a hunting cooperative. Hunting remained an important source of income and subsistence until 2003, when the community was relocated to a new sett lement far from their hunting grounds. -
Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level
Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level Corresponding Type Chinese Court Region Court Name Administrative Name Code Code Area Supreme People’s Court 最高人民法院 最高法 Higher People's Court of 北京市高级人民 Beijing 京 110000 1 Beijing Municipality 法院 Municipality No. 1 Intermediate People's 北京市第一中级 京 01 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Shijingshan Shijingshan District People’s 北京市石景山区 京 0107 110107 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Haidian District of Haidian District People’s 北京市海淀区人 京 0108 110108 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Mentougou Mentougou District People’s 北京市门头沟区 京 0109 110109 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Changping Changping District People’s 北京市昌平区人 京 0114 110114 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Yanqing County People’s 延庆县人民法院 京 0229 110229 Yanqing County 1 Court No. 2 Intermediate People's 北京市第二中级 京 02 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Dongcheng Dongcheng District People’s 北京市东城区人 京 0101 110101 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Xicheng District Xicheng District People’s 北京市西城区人 京 0102 110102 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Fengtai District of Fengtai District People’s 北京市丰台区人 京 0106 110106 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality 1 Fangshan District Fangshan District People’s 北京市房山区人 京 0111 110111 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Daxing District of Daxing District People’s 北京市大兴区人 京 0115 -
Responses of Carbon Isotope Ratios of C3 Herbs to Humidity Index in Northern China*
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences Turkish J Earth Sci (2014) 23: 100-111 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/earth/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/yer-1305-2 Responses of carbon isotope ratios of C3 herbs to humidity index in northern China* 1,2,3, 2 2 2 1 Xianzhao LIU *, Qing SU , Chaokui LI , Yong ZHANG , Qing WANG 1 College of Geography and Planning, Ludong University, Yantai, P.R. China 2 College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Hunan University of Science & Technology, Xiangtan, P.R. China 3 State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling, P.R. China Received: 04.05.2013 Accepted: 02.09.2013 Published Online: 01.01.2014 Printed: 15.01.2014 Abstract: Uncertainties would exist in the relationship between δ13C values and environmental factors such as temperature, resulting in unreliable reconstruction of paleoclimates. It is therefore important to establish a rational relationship between plant δ13C and a proxy for paleoclimate reconstruction that can comprehensively reflect temperature and precipitation. By measuring the δ13C of a large 13 number of C3 herbaceous plants growing in different climate zones in northern China and collecting early reported δ C values of C3 13 herbs in this study area, the spatial features of δ C values of C3 herbs and their relationships with humidity index were analyzed. The 13 δ C values of C3 herbaceous plants in northern China ranged from –29.9‰ to –25.4‰, with the average value of –27.3‰. The average 13 δ C value of C3 herbaceous plants increased notably from the semihumid zone to the semiarid zone to the arid zone; the variation 13 ranges of δ C values of C3 plants in those 3 climatic zones were –29.9‰ to –26.7‰ (semihumid area), –28.4‰ to –25.6‰ (semiarid 13 area), and –28.0‰ to –25.4‰ (arid area). -
CREATING LIVABLE ASIAN CITIES Edited by Bambang Susantono and Robert Guild
CREATING LIVABLE ASIAN CITIES Edited by Bambang Susantono and Robert Guild APRIL ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Book Endorsements Seung-soo Han Former Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea Creating Livable Asian Cities comes at a timely moment. The book emphasizes innovative technologies that can overcome challenges to make the region’s cities better places to live and grow. Its approach encourages stronger urban institutions focused on all people in every community. The book will inspire policy makers to consider concrete measures that can help cities ‘build back better,’ in other words, to be more resilient and able to withstand the next crisis. In the post-pandemic period, livable Asian cities are a public good, just as green spaces are. Following this credo, however, requires Asia to invest in creating livable cities so they can fulfil their potential as avenues of innovation, prosperity, inclusiveness, and sustainability. In this book, Asian Development Bank experts map the challenges facing cities in the region. Its five priority themes—smart and inclusive planning, sustainable transport, sustainable energy, innovative financing, and resilience and rejuvenation—illuminate a path for urbanization in Asia over the next decade. This book will lead us to the innovative thinking needed to improve urban life across the region. Maimunah Modh Sharif Under-Secretary-General and Executive Director, United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) Creating Livable Asian Cities addresses various urban development challenges and offers in-depth analysis and rich insights on urban livability in Asia from an urban economics perspective. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is well-placed to review the investment needs of cities that will contribute to sustainable development. -
Geochronology, Geochemistry, and Hf Isotopic
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Geochronology, geochemistry, and Hf isotopic compositions of Early Permian syenogranite and diabase from the northern Great Xing’an Range, NE China: petrogenesis and tectonic implications Journal: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Manuscript ID cjes-2019-0200.R1 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the 06-Apr-2020 Author: Complete List of Authors: Sun, Yonggang; Jilin University Li, Bile; Jilin University Feng-Yue, DraftSun; College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University Ding, Qing-feng; Jilin University, College of Earth Sciences Qian, Ye; Jilin University Li, Liang; Yunnan University Xu, Qinglin; Shandong University of Science and Technology Li, Yujin; Jilin University Early Permian, syenogranite, diabase, post-collisional extensional Keyword: setting, Xiaokele, northern Great Xing’an Range Is the invited manuscript for consideration in a Special Not applicable (regular submission) Issue? : https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/cjes-pubs Page 1 of 55 Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 1 Geochronology, geochemistry, and Hf isotopic compositions of Early Permian 2 syenogranite and diabase from the northern Great Xing’an Range, NE China: 3 petrogenesis and tectonic implications 4 5 Yong-gang Suna, b, Bi-le Lia, *, Feng-yue Suna, Qing-feng Dinga, Ye Qiana, c, Liang 6 Lid, Qing-lin Xue, Yu-jin Lia, c 7 8 a. College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China 9 b. Geological Survey Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun 130102, China 10 c. Key Laboratory of Mineral ResourcesDraft Evaluation in Northeast Asia, Ministry of Land and 11 Resources, Changchun 130061, China 12 d. School of Resource Environment and Earth Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, 13 China 14 e. -
The Volcanic Tourism Development Research Based on the SWOT Analysis, in Northeastern Inner Mongolia , China
2013 2nd International Conference on Geological and Environmental Sciences IPCBEE vol.52 (2013) © (2013) IACSIT Press, Singapore DOI: 10.7763/IPCBEE. 2013. V52. 15 The Volcanic Tourism Development Research Based on the SWOT Analysis, in Northeastern Inner Mongolia , China Lili Wang and Mingzhong Tian School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083 Abstract: The northeastern volcanic area in Inner Mongolia, relies on its unique tourism resources, tourism is booming, and has established geo-parks. On the basis of the research, this paper makes a SWOT analysis to volcanic tourism development in the region, and our study indicates that the development of deep-seated cultural factors and volcanic culture in the area, is a unique and broad prospect for the development direction, and suggests that the area united declare Global Geo-park in order to spur the development of local tourism. Keywords: SWOT, Volcanic Tourism, Northeastern Inner Mongolia, Arxan, Zalantun, Oroqen 1. Introduction to Northeastern Inner Mongolia Volcanic Area Volcanic area of northeastern Inner Mongolia mainly includes Oroqen Autonomous Banner, Zalantun City in Hulunbeir League and Arxan City in Xing’an League [1], located at 119°28 'to 126°10' East longitude and 46°39' to 51°25' North latitude, with a total area of 8.41km2, is situated at the junction of Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang Province. The volcanic tourism zone belongs to cold temperate continental climate, annual average temperature is -3.1-0.8°C with an annual average precipitation of 459.3-493.4mm. The area is rich in water resources with a large number of surface flow. -
Article for a Detailed Description of the Event and a List of Related Newspaper Articles (Wikipedia, 2019)
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 5457–5473, 2019 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-5457-2019 © Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Tracking down global NH3 point sources with wind-adjusted superresolution Lieven Clarisse1, Martin Van Damme1, Cathy Clerbaux2,1, and Pierre-François Coheur1 1Atmospheric Spectroscopy, Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium 2LATMOS/IPSL, Sorbonne Université, UVSQ, CNRS, Paris, France Correspondence: Lieven Clarisse ([email protected]) Received: 13 March 2019 – Discussion started: 20 May 2019 Revised: 17 July 2019 – Accepted: 15 September 2019 – Published: 17 October 2019 Abstract. As a precursor of atmospheric aerosols, ammonia point-source catalog consisting of more than 500 localized (NH3) is one of the primary gaseous air pollutants. Given its and categorized point sources. Compared to our previous cat- short atmospheric lifetime, ambient NH3 concentrations are alog, the number of identified sources more than doubled. In dominated by local sources. In a recent study, Van Damme addition, we refined the classification of industries into five et al.(2018) have highlighted the importance of NH 3 point categories – fertilizer, coking, soda ash, geothermal and ex- sources, especially those associated with feedlots and indus- plosives industries – and introduced a new urban category trial ammonia production. Their emissions were shown to for isolated NH3 hotspots over cities. The latter mainly con- be largely underestimated in bottom-up emission inventories. sists of African megacities, as clear isolation of such urban The discovery was made possible thanks to the use of over- hotspots is almost never possible elsewhere due to the pres- sampling techniques applied to 9 years of global daily IASI ence of a diffuse background with higher concentrations. -
Global Map of Irrigation Areas CHINA
Global Map of Irrigation Areas CHINA Area equipped for irrigation (ha) Area actually irrigated Province total with groundwater with surface water (ha) Anhui 3 369 860 337 346 3 032 514 2 309 259 Beijing 367 870 204 428 163 442 352 387 Chongqing 618 090 30 618 060 432 520 Fujian 1 005 000 16 021 988 979 938 174 Gansu 1 355 480 180 090 1 175 390 1 153 139 Guangdong 2 230 740 28 106 2 202 634 2 042 344 Guangxi 1 532 220 13 156 1 519 064 1 208 323 Guizhou 711 920 2 009 709 911 515 049 Hainan 250 600 2 349 248 251 189 232 Hebei 4 885 720 4 143 367 742 353 4 475 046 Heilongjiang 2 400 060 1 599 131 800 929 2 003 129 Henan 4 941 210 3 422 622 1 518 588 3 862 567 Hong Kong 2 000 0 2 000 800 Hubei 2 457 630 51 049 2 406 581 2 082 525 Hunan 2 761 660 0 2 761 660 2 598 439 Inner Mongolia 3 332 520 2 150 064 1 182 456 2 842 223 Jiangsu 4 020 100 119 982 3 900 118 3 487 628 Jiangxi 1 883 720 14 688 1 869 032 1 818 684 Jilin 1 636 370 751 990 884 380 1 066 337 Liaoning 1 715 390 783 750 931 640 1 385 872 Ningxia 497 220 33 538 463 682 497 220 Qinghai 371 170 5 212 365 958 301 560 Shaanxi 1 443 620 488 895 954 725 1 211 648 Shandong 5 360 090 2 581 448 2 778 642 4 485 538 Shanghai 308 340 0 308 340 308 340 Shanxi 1 283 460 611 084 672 376 1 017 422 Sichuan 2 607 420 13 291 2 594 129 2 140 680 Tianjin 393 010 134 743 258 267 321 932 Tibet 306 980 7 055 299 925 289 908 Xinjiang 4 776 980 924 366 3 852 614 4 629 141 Yunnan 1 561 190 11 635 1 549 555 1 328 186 Zhejiang 1 512 300 27 297 1 485 003 1 463 653 China total 61 899 940 18 658 742 43 241 198 52