Antebellum Narratives of Terraqueous Domesticity
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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO Sentimental Seamen and Pirates of Sympathy: Antebellum Narratives of Terraqueous Domesticity A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Literature by Mark B. Kelley Committee in charge: Professor Sara Johnson, Co-Chair Professor Nicole Tonkovich, Co-Chair Professor Michael Davidson Professor Mark Hanna Professor Rachel Klein Professor Daniel Vitkus 2018 1 Copyright Mark B. Kelley, 2018 All Rights Reserved 2 The Dissertation of Mark B. Kelley is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Co-Chair ______________________________________________________________________________ Co-Chair University of California San Diego 2018 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page……………………………………………………..............….………….... iii Table of Contents………………………………………...............………………………... iv Acknowledgements…........................................................................................................... v Vita…………………………..............…………………………………………………….. viii Abstract of the Dissertation…………..............…………………………………………..... xi Prologue: A New Home, Who’ll Follow?: Or, Glimpses of Terraqueous Domestic Studies ………………………………………….. 1 Section One: Domesticity of the Sea: On Sentimental Seamen....................…....……….... 8 Introduction: “Feelings I Know”: Feeling Labor................................................................... 9 Chapter One: “As Seamen Always Feel”: Feeling Death...................................................... 43 Chapter Two: “Bound…to Take a Voyage”: Feeling (Racial) Bondage.....……....……….. 83 Section Two: The Sea in Domesticity: On Pirates of Sympathy....................…....………… 123 Introduction: Declaring Pirates of Sympathy with Thomas Jefferson................................... 124 Chapter Three: New England Pirates of Sympathy: Laundering Caribbean Inheritances with Catharine Maria Sedgwick................................... 152 Chapter Four: Caribbean Pirates of Sympathy: Resenting Plantation Inheritances with Michel Maxwell Philip............................................ 191 Chapter Five: Confederate Pirates of Sympathy: Trying National Inheritances with Maria Cummins............................................................... 232 Epilogue: The Prospect of Terraqueous Domestic Studies..................................................... 283 Bibliography............................................................................................................................ 291 iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Luckily, I have many families across this watery globe. I can only begin to acknowledge their support here. My dissertation committee has afforded me the flexibly to follow an atypical research agenda. Their trust and mentorship have been a constant during my time in San Diego. My co- chairs, Nicole Tonkovich and Sara Johnson, have been the two linked halves of my scholarly brain. Nicole’s dedicated to American women writers, as well as her challenge to expand this field, deeply informs my work. Sara’s challenge to think hemispherically, as well as her kind reminders for self-care, have expanded my focus and perspective. Daniel Vitkus’s support made my archival adventures materially possible. The historical rigor of Mark Hanna and Rachel Klein deeply informed my development as a literary-historical scholar. Mark’s guidance in archival and experiential maritime projects has been particularly instructive. Michael Davidson’s deep attention to both material embodiment and literary form were equally instrumental in my approach to the archive. Working with each of these mentors has been an honor and a privilege. Librarians and archivists have been instrumental in this work. The Special Collections and Archives staff at UCSD’s Geisel Library, particularly Lynda Claassen, assisted me when I first entered the archive in search of maritime manuscripts. Cathy Flynn and Caroline Robinson made my residency at the Peabody Essex Museum’s Phillips Library both enjoyable and fruitful. My hosts at the John Carter Brown Library— including Neil Safier, Tom Sojka, Valerie Andrews, Kimberly Nusco, Meghan Sullivan-Silva, Scott B. Ellwood and Gabriel Angulo— were equally warm and erudite. Jordan Goffin and Angela DiVeglia at the Providence Public Library have added a sense of serious play to my work as well as confirmed my ongoing commitment to public libraries. The staff at the G.W. Blunt Library at Mystic Seaport, including v Paul O'Pecko and Mindy Matheson, hosted me for an equally idyllic and productive fall. In each case, their careful archival stewardship and organization make my work possible. My mentors at Marquette were indispensible during my introduction to graduate work and teaching. Sarah Wadsworth’s course on Herman Melville helped set me on my maritime path. Office hours with Amy Blair confirmed that academic work could be serious while remaining both playful and full of feeling. My attention to language’s precise power in channeling critical and activist energies has been shaped by Jodi Melamed. Rebecca Nowacek’s careful, kind approach to pedagogy and praxis has deeply informed my teaching philosophy. My fellow graduate students at UCSD have been invaluable sources of intellectual fellowship and friendship. Omar Pimienta and Marcella Vargas were my companions on grand Baja adventures as well as indispensible sounding boards for grand academic schemes. Gina Di Grazia provided much needed work and play days in Encinitas. Sarah Hendy was always ready with the sailor puns and cat photos. Burrito deliveries and bus adventures with Louise Hickman made life in Hillcrest that much more fun. My easy comradery with Ben Chapin has been a source of great joy. Breakfast and bubble teas with Tina Hy and Grant Leuning sustained me during trying times. Likewise, commiserating and laughing with Stephanie Gomez Menzies reminded me of graduate school’s absurd social rituals. My friendship with Tyler Monson continues to be defined by warmth, love, and a shared commitment to alternative or queer masculinity in our lives and scholarly work. My extended San Diego family has also kept me grounded and well fed. Bread and Cie sessions with Clare Rolens drew me out of my hobbit hole and were invaluable spaces of collaboration. Jimi Damon brought the positivity and niceness battles. Meredith, Charlie, Thea, and Jen King provided a comfy couch and midwestern comradery. Tony, Amanda, and Starling vi Bonds kept me happy with smoked meat and great hugs. Mike Norton and Tess Riess were sources of playful conversation as well as reliably fancy three-course meals. Pool parties with Heather and Brian Green prevented me from melting. Each of these dear friends has sustained me in body and mind. The love and support of my families in the Midwest has been a constant. My parents, Mark and Michelle, nurtured my intellectual curiosities and supported my career ambitions throughout my life. My brothers, have been a constant source of love and comradery. Brendan’s fierce dedication to his medical research has been a model for my own practice. Chris’s kindness and understanding has been a welcome respite in times of trouble. My intellectual and emotional bond with Michael, my twin, needs no explanation. Don, Becky, and Leanne Mayville, as well as my entire “yooper” family, were breaths of fresh air during their San Diego visits. Their love and support have been indispensible. The chocolate care packages from Sayklly's also provided much-needed boosts. Above all, my life has been forever changed by the intellectual integrity and ferocity of my writing partner and dear departed friend, Sarah Jo Mayville. vii VITA EDUCATION 2018 PhD in Literature, University of California San Diego 2012 MA in American and British Literatures, Marquette University 2010 BA in English, History, summa cum laude, phi beta kappa, Marquette University PEER REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS “Reconstructing the Racial Politics of Disability and Literary History in Bricks Without Straw.” American Literary Realism. 48.1(2016): 21-36. muse.jhu.edu/article/638958 “Learning to Play the Game of Unhappy Families: Sympathetic Reading and Sentimental Ownership in 'Uncle Tom and Little Eva,' a Card Game Adaptation of Uncle Tom's Cabin.” The Journal of the Midwest Modern Language Association 46.2 (2012): 127-52. “‘Every India Mail’: The Lamplighter & the Prospect of U.S. (Postal) Empire.” India in the American Imaginary, 1780s- 1880s. Ed. Rajender Kaur. Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. MAJOR FELLOWSHIPS Spring 2018 Lillian Gary Taylor Visiting Fellow in American Literature Harrison Institute, University of Virginia Winter 2018 Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Fellow, the Library Company of Philadelphia & the Historical Society of Pennsylvania Summer 2017 PhD Fellow, Institute of Arts and Humanities at UCSD Diego 2017-2018 Dissertation-Year Fellow, UCSD Literature Department Fall 2016 Hartland Memorial Fellow in Eighteenth-Century Maritime Social History, John Carter Brown Library Spring 2015 Phillips Library Fellow, Peabody Essex Museum Fall 2015 Paul Cuffe Memorial