Introduction to Parallel Filesystems
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Efficient Implementation of Data Objects in the OSD+-Based Fusion
Efficient Implementation of Data Objects in the OSD+-Based Fusion Parallel File System Juan Piernas(B) and Pilar Gonz´alez-F´erez Departamento de Ingenier´ıa y Tecnolog´ıa de Computadores, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain piernas,pilar @ditec.um.es { } Abstract. OSD+s are enhanced object-based storage devices (OSDs) able to deal with both data and metadata operations via data and direc- tory objects, respectively. So far, we have focused on designing and implementing efficient directory objects in OSD+s. This paper, however, presents our work on also supporting data objects, and describes how the coexistence of both kinds of objects in OSD+s is profited to efficiently implement data objects and to speed up some commonfile operations. We compare our OSD+-based Fusion Parallel File System (FPFS) with Lustre and OrangeFS. Results show that FPFS provides a performance up to 37 better than Lustre, and up to 95 better than OrangeFS, × × for metadata workloads. FPFS also provides 34% more bandwidth than OrangeFS for data workloads, and competes with Lustre for data writes. Results also show serious scalability problems in Lustre and OrangeFS. Keywords: FPFS OSD+ Data objects Lustre OrangeFS · · · · 1 Introduction File systems for HPC environment have traditionally used a cluster of data servers for achieving high rates in read and write operations, for providing fault tolerance and scalability, etc. However, due to a growing number offiles, and an increasing use of huge directories with millions or billions of entries accessed by thousands of processes at the same time [3,8,12], some of thesefile systems also utilize a cluster of specialized metadata servers [6,10,11] and have recently added support for distributed directories [7,10]. -
Globalfs: a Strongly Consistent Multi-Site File System
GlobalFS: A Strongly Consistent Multi-Site File System Leandro Pacheco Raluca Halalai Valerio Schiavoni University of Lugano University of Neuchatelˆ University of Neuchatelˆ Fernando Pedone Etienne Riviere` Pascal Felber University of Lugano University of Neuchatelˆ University of Neuchatelˆ Abstract consistency, availability, and tolerance to partitions. Our goal is to ensure strongly consistent file system operations This paper introduces GlobalFS, a POSIX-compliant despite node failures, at the price of possibly reduced geographically distributed file system. GlobalFS builds availability in the event of a network partition. Weak on two fundamental building blocks, an atomic multicast consistency is suitable for domain-specific applications group communication abstraction and multiple instances of where programmers can anticipate and provide resolution a single-site data store. We define four execution modes and methods for conflicts, or work with last-writer-wins show how all file system operations can be implemented resolution methods. Our rationale is that for general-purpose with these modes while ensuring strong consistency and services such as a file system, strong consistency is more tolerating failures. We describe the GlobalFS prototype in appropriate as it is both more intuitive for the users and detail and report on an extensive performance assessment. does not require human intervention in case of conflicts. We have deployed GlobalFS across all EC2 regions and Strong consistency requires ordering commands across show that the system scales geographically, providing replicas, which needs coordination among nodes at performance comparable to other state-of-the-art distributed geographically distributed sites (i.e., regions). Designing file systems for local commands and allowing for strongly strongly consistent distributed systems that provide good consistent operations over the whole system. -
Developer Guide(KAE Encryption & Decryption)
Kunpeng Acceleration Engine Developer Guide(KAE Encryption & Decryption) Issue 15 Date 2021-08-06 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2021. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Trademarks and Permissions and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders. Notice The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations of any kind, either express or implied. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied. Issue 15 (2021-08-06) Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. i Kunpeng Acceleration Engine Developer Guide(KAE Encryption & Decryption) Contents Contents 1 Overview....................................................................................................................................1 -
Netbackup ™ Enterprise Server and Server 8.0 - 8.X.X OS Software Compatibility List Created on September 08, 2021
Veritas NetBackup ™ Enterprise Server and Server 8.0 - 8.x.x OS Software Compatibility List Created on September 08, 2021 Click here for the HTML version of this document. <https://download.veritas.com/resources/content/live/OSVC/100046000/100046611/en_US/nbu_80_scl.html> Copyright © 2021 Veritas Technologies LLC. All rights reserved. Veritas, the Veritas Logo, and NetBackup are trademarks or registered trademarks of Veritas Technologies LLC in the U.S. and other countries. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Veritas NetBackup ™ Enterprise Server and Server 8.0 - 8.x.x OS Software Compatibility List 2021-09-08 Introduction This Software Compatibility List (SCL) document contains information for Veritas NetBackup 8.0 through 8.x.x. It covers NetBackup Server (which includes Enterprise Server and Server), Client, Bare Metal Restore (BMR), Clustered Master Server Compatibility and Storage Stacks, Deduplication, File System Compatibility, NetBackup OpsCenter, NetBackup Access Control (NBAC), SAN Media Server/SAN Client/FT Media Server, Virtual System Compatibility and NetBackup Self Service Support. It is divided into bookmarks on the left that can be expanded. IPV6 and Dual Stack environments are supported from NetBackup 8.1.1 onwards with few limitations, refer technote for additional information <http://www.veritas.com/docs/100041420> For information about certain NetBackup features, functionality, 3rd-party product integration, Veritas product integration, applications, databases, and OS platforms that Veritas intends to replace with newer and improved functionality, or in some cases, discontinue without replacement, please see the widget titled "NetBackup Future Platform and Feature Plans" at <https://sort.veritas.com/netbackup> Reference Article <https://www.veritas.com/docs/100040093> for links to all other NetBackup compatibility lists. -
Storage Systems and Input/Output 2018 Pre-Workshop Document
Storage Systems and Input/Output 2018 Pre-Workshop Document Gaithersburg, Maryland September 19-20, 2018 Meeting Organizers Robert Ross (ANL) (lead organizer) Glenn Lockwood (LBL) Lee Ward (SNL) (co-lead) Kathryn Mohror (LLNL) Gary Grider (LANL) Bradley Settlemyer (LANL) Scott Klasky (ORNL) Pre-Workshop Document Contributors Philip Carns (ANL) Quincey Koziol (LBL) Matthew Wolf (ORNL) 1 Table of Contents 1 Table of Contents 2 2 Executive Summary 4 3 Introduction 5 4 Mission Drivers 7 4.1 Overview 7 4.2 Workload Characteristics 9 4.2.1 Common observations 9 4.2.2 An example: Adjoint-based sensitivity analysis 10 4.3 Input/Output Characteristics 11 4.4 Implications of In Situ Analysis on the SSIO Community 14 4.5 Data Organization and Archiving 15 4.6 Metadata and Provenance 18 4.7 Summary 20 5 Computer Science Challenges 21 5.1 Hardware/Software Architectures 21 5.1.1 Storage Media and Interfaces 21 5.1.2 Networks 21 5.1.3 Active Storage 22 5.1.4 Resilience 23 5.1.5 Understandability 24 5.1.6 Autonomics 25 5.1.7 Security 26 5.1.8 New Paradigms 27 5.2 Metadata, Name Spaces, and Provenance 28 5.2.1 Metadata 28 5.2.2 Namespaces 30 5.2.3 Provenance 30 5.3 Supporting Science Workflows - SAK 32 5.3.1 DOE Extreme Scale Use cases - SAK 33 5.3.2 Programming Model Integration - (Workflow Composition for on line workflows, and for offline workflows ) - MW 33 5.3.3 Workflows (Engine) - Provision and Placement MW 34 5.3.4 I/O Middleware and Libraries (Connectivity) - both on-and offline, (not or) 35 2 Storage Systems and Input/Output 2018 Pre-Workshop -
HFAA: a Generic Socket API for Hadoop File Systems
HFAA: A Generic Socket API for Hadoop File Systems Adam Yee Jeffrey Shafer University of the Pacific University of the Pacific Stockton, CA Stockton, CA [email protected] jshafer@pacific.edu ABSTRACT vices: one central NameNode and many DataNodes. The Hadoop is an open-source implementation of the MapReduce NameNode is responsible for maintaining the HDFS direc- programming model for distributed computing. Hadoop na- tory tree. Clients contact the NameNode in order to perform tively integrates with the Hadoop Distributed File System common file system operations, such as open, close, rename, (HDFS), a user-level file system. In this paper, we intro- and delete. The NameNode does not store HDFS data itself, duce the Hadoop Filesystem Agnostic API (HFAA) to allow but rather maintains a mapping between HDFS file name, Hadoop to integrate with any distributed file system over a list of blocks in the file, and the DataNode(s) on which TCP sockets. With this API, HDFS can be replaced by dis- those blocks are stored. tributed file systems such as PVFS, Ceph, Lustre, or others, thereby allowing direct comparisons in terms of performance Although HDFS stores file data in a distributed fashion, and scalability. Unlike previous attempts at augmenting file metadata is stored in the centralized NameNode service. Hadoop with new file systems, the socket API presented here While sufficient for small-scale clusters, this design prevents eliminates the need to customize Hadoop’s Java implementa- Hadoop from scaling beyond the resources of a single Name- tion, and instead moves the implementation responsibilities Node. Prior analysis of CPU and memory requirements for to the file system itself. -
Maximizing the Performance of Scientific Data Transfer By
Maximizing the Performance of Scientific Data Transfer by Optimizing the Interface Between Parallel File Systems and Advanced Research Networks Nicholas Millsa,∗, F. Alex Feltusb, Walter B. Ligon IIIa aHolcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC bDepartment of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC Abstract The large amount of time spent transferring experimental data in fields such as genomics is hampering the ability of scientists to generate new knowledge. Often, computer hardware is capable of faster transfers but sub-optimal transfer software and configurations are limiting performance. This work seeks to serve as a guide to identifying the optimal configuration for performing genomics data transfers. A wide variety of tests narrow in on the optimal data transfer parameters for parallel data streaming across Internet2 and between two CloudLab clusters loading real genomics data onto a parallel file system. The best throughput was found to occur with a configuration using GridFTP with at least 5 parallel TCP streams with a 16 MiB TCP socket buffer size to transfer to/from 4{8 BeeGFS parallel file system nodes connected by InfiniBand. Keywords: Software Defined Networking, High Throughput Computing, DNA sequence, Parallel Data Transfer, Parallel File System, Data Intensive Science 1. Introduction of over 2,500 human genomes from 26 populations have been determined (The 1000 Genomes Project [3]); genome Solving scientific problems on a high-performance com- sequences have been produced for 3,000 rice varieties from puting (HPC) cluster will happen faster by taking full ad- 89 countries (The 3000 Rice Genomes Project [4]). These vantage of specialized infrastructure such as parallel file raw datasets are but a few examples that aggregate into systems and advanced software-defined networks. -
Guest OS Compatibility Guide
Guest OS Compatibility Guide Guest OS Compatibility Guide Last Updated: September 29, 2021 For more information go to vmware.com. Introduction VMware provides the widest virtualization support for guest operating systems in the industry to enable your environments and maximize your investments. The VMware Compatibility Guide shows the certification status of operating system releases for use as a Guest OS by the following VMware products: • VMware ESXi/ESX Server 3.0 and later • VMware Workstation 6.0 and later • VMware Fusion 2.0 and later • VMware ACE 2.0 and later • VMware Server 2.0 and later VMware Certification and Support Levels VMware product support for operating system releases can vary depending upon the specific VMware product release or update and can also be subject to: • Installation of specific patches to VMware products • Installation of specific operating system patches • Adherence to guidance and recommendations that are documented in knowledge base articles VMware attempts to provide timely support for new operating system update releases and where possible, certification of new update releases will be added to existing VMware product releases in the VMware Compatibility Guide based upon the results of compatibility testing. Tech Preview Operating system releases that are shown with the Tech Preview level of support are planned for future support by the VMware product but are not certified for use as a Guest OS for one or more of the of the following reasons: • The operating system vendor has not announced the general availability of the OS release. • Not all blocking issues have been resolved by the operating system vendor. -
Locofs: a Loosely-Coupled Metadata Service for Distributed File Systems
LocoFS: A Loosely-Coupled Metadata Service for Distributed File Systems Siyang Li∗ Youyou Lu Jiwu Shu† Tsinghua University Tsinghua University Tsinghua University [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Tao Li Yang Hu University of Florida University of Texas, Dallas [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION Key-Value stores provide scalable metadata service for distributed As clusters or data centers are moving from Petabyte level to Ex- file systems. However, the metadata’s organization itself, which is abyte level, distributed file systems are facing challenges in meta- organized using a directory tree structure, does not fit the key-value data scalability. The recent work IndexFS [38] uses hundreds of access pattern, thereby limiting the performance. To address this metadata servers to achieve high-performance metadata operations. issue, we propose a distributed file system with a loosely-coupled However, most of the recent active super computers only deploy metadata service, LocoFS, to bridge the performance gap between 1 to 4 metadata servers to reduce the complexity of management file system metadata and key-value stores. LocoFS is designed to and guarantee reliability. Besides, previous work [24, 39] has also decouple the dependencies between different kinds of metadata revealed that metadata operations consume more than half of all with two techniques. First, LocoFS decouples the directory content operations in file systems. The metadata service plays a major role and structure, which organizes file and directory index nodes ina in distributed file systems. It is important to support parallel pro- flat space while reversely indexing the directory entries. -
A Persistent Storage Model for Extreme Computing Shuangyang Yang Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2014 A Persistent Storage Model for Extreme Computing Shuangyang Yang Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Computer Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Yang, Shuangyang, "A Persistent Storage Model for Extreme Computing" (2014). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 2910. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/2910 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. A PERSISTENT STORAGE MODEL FOR EXTREME COMPUTING A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Computer Science by Shuangyang Yang B.S., Zhejiang University, 2006 M.S., University of Dayton, 2008 December 2014 Copyright © 2014 Shuangyang Yang All rights reserved ii Dedicated to my wife Miao Yu and our daughter Emily. iii Acknowledgments This dissertation would not be possible without several contributions. It is a great pleasure to thank Dr. Hartmut Kaiser @ Louisiana State University, Dr. Walter B. Ligon III @ Clemson University and Dr. Maciej Brodowicz @ Indiana University for their ongoing help and support. It is a pleasure also to thank Dr. Bijaya B. Karki, Dr. Konstantin Busch, Dr. Supratik Mukhopadhyay at Louisiana State University for being my committee members and Dr. -
The Ceph Distributed Storage System
the ceph distributed storage system sage weil msst – april 17, 2012 outline ● why you should care ● what is it, what it does ● how it works, how you can use it ● architecture ● objects and data placement ● file system ● big data, cloud ● current status, roadmap ● who we are, why we do this why should you care about another storage system? requirements, time, money storage requirements ● scale ● terabytes, petabytes, exabytes ● heterogeneous hardware ● reliability and fault tolerance ● diverse storage needs ● object storage ● block devices ● shared file system (POSIX, coherent caches) ● structured data time ● ease of administration ● no manual data migration, load balancing ● painless scaling ● expansion and contraction ● seamless migration money ● low cost per gigabyte ● no vendor lock-in ● software solution ● commodity hardware ● open source what is ceph? unified storage system ● objects ● small or large ● multi-protocol Netflix VM Hadoop ● block devices radosgw RBD Ceph DFS ● snapshots, cloning RADOS ● files ● cache coherent ● snapshots ● usage accounting open source ● LGPLv2 ● copyleft ● free to link to proprietary code ● no copyright assignment ● no dual licensing ● no “enterprise-only” feature set ● active community ● commercial support distributed storage system ● data center (not geo) scale ● 10s to 10,000s of machines ● terabytes to exabytes ● fault tolerant ● no SPoF ● commodity hardware – ethernet, SATA/SAS, HDD/SSD – RAID, SAN probably a waste of time, power, and money architecture ● monitors (ceph-mon) ● 1s-10s, paxos ● lightweight -
Full Circle Magazine #160 Contents ^ Full Circle Magazine Is Neither Affiliated With,1 Nor Endorsed By, Canonical Ltd
Full Circle THE INDEPENDENT MAGAZINE FOR THE UBUNTU LINUX COMMUNITY ISSUE #160 - August 2020 RREEVVIIEEWW OOFF GGAALLLLIIUUMMOOSS 33..11 LIGHTWEIGHT DISTRO FOR CHROMEOS DEVICES full circle magazine #160 contents ^ Full Circle Magazine is neither affiliated with,1 nor endorsed by, Canonical Ltd. HowTo Full Circle THE INDEPENDENT MAGAZINE FOR THE UBUNTU LINUX COMMUNITY Python p.18 Linux News p.04 Podcast Production p.23 Command & Conquer p.16 Linux Loopback p.39 Everyday Ubuntu p.40 Rawtherapee p.25 Ubuntu Devices p.XX The Daily Waddle p.42 My Opinion p.XX Krita For Old Photos p.34 My Story p.46 Letters p.XX Review p.50 Inkscape p.29 Q&A p.54 Review p.XX Ubuntu Games p.57 Graphics The articles contained in this magazine are released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. This means you can adapt, copy, distribute and transmit the articles but only under the following conditions: you must attribute the work to the original author in some way (at least a name, email or URL) and to this magazine by name ('Full Circle Magazine') and the URL www.fullcirclemagazine.org (but not attribute the article(s) in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you must distribute the resulting work under the same, similar or a compatible license. Full Circle magazine is entirely independent of Canonical, the sponsor of the Ubuntu projects, and the views and opinions in the magazine should in no way be assumed to have Canonical endorsement.