eJc/o.I ARM Y (R.I FLE S). /

REtuRN to an Address olthe Honourable The House ofCommClDll, dat6d ~4 February 1863 ;-for,

"COPY of the REPORT of the COMMITTEE on SMALL BORE RIFLES, and the various Systems of Rifling as tried last Year."

Offi~e, War 1 G. C. LEWIS. 19 March 1863. (

(aI-G. No.-307.) (No.2578.) 26th November 1862.

REPORT of ORDNANCE SELECT COM:\IITTEE on SYSTEM:S of RIFLING for

SMALL ARMS.

\

Brigadier General ST. GEORGE, C. B., R. A., President. Captain Sir }V. WISEMAN, Bart., R.N" Vice President. Brevet Colonel HOGGE, C. D., R. A" } Brevet Colonel F. CAMPBELL, R. A., M b Lieutenant Colonel R. S. BAYNEB, Unattached, em ers. Lieutenant Colonel GALLWEY, R. E., Brevet Colonel LEFROY, R. A" Secretary. Captain HEUIAN, R. A" Assistant Secretary, and Secretary to Small Arms Sub-Committee. Brevet Major CONOLLY, Coldstream Guards'}A . M Captam.H ERRICK, 12,th R.egllllent,. 88OCl8.te embers. ;

'VITH reference to the undermentioned War Office communications, 28th June 1859 (81-W.-157); 6th September 1861 (81-Gen. No.-256) i 5th October 1861 (81~-L.-92); and 19th November 1861 ~1-R.-356).

139· A. REPORT. 2 REPORT OF ORDNANCE SELECT COMMITTEE

R E p o R T.

THE Ordnance Select Committee, having com­ pleted the experiments upon which they have been engagerl in carrying out the instructions of the Secretary of State for War, have now the honour to submit a detailed account of their proceedings, and to express an opinion upon the various points to which their attention has been directed. 1. The systems of ri6ing which have been under consideration include what is known as the Enfield principle; viz" three or fi ve broad shallow grooves, either of uniform or progressive depth; the Lan­ casler oval bore with increasing spiral, the above in two calibres (0'577 and 0'451 inch); the Whit­ worth hexagonal bore, with quick twist; and Mr. Westley Richards' system of breech-loading applied to an octagonal bore, the two last in the smaller calibre only. ~. These systems have been represented by the follo'\\ing number of arms, of which a more de­ tailed description is given in the SChedule of arms appended liereto :-

1. LARGB BORBS.

Number _ Nature. Calibre. Pitch. Number of Rifles, ofGrooves. . -_.------6 Service Enfield - . -- 0·577 - - I turn in 78 inches - - 3 Enfield C . 0·577 . 78 5 - -- - - 1 " in " -- 5 6 Enfield B - - - 0·577 1 in 63 5 - - - - " " -- 6 Enfield A - - - 0'677 1 in 48 . ;') - - - - " " - 5 Enfield D - --- 0'577 . I in 48 6 - - " " - - A and D being similar in all respects except in weight of barrel, wbich in the lauer is heavier by 4 ozs, I I. .' : L t Major aXIs 0'580 - r anCM er -.,{I :} 1 turn in 36 inches • Ellipse. I MlDor aXIS 0'572 -

Freed at breech, with gaining twist.

2. SMALl' BORBS.

Number I Nature, Calibre. Pitch. Number of Rifles. of Grooves. '------I------_·I------~----. I)-- \ Enfield 0'461 1 tlIrn in 20 inches - Whitworth • &r088 angles 0·603 I) {I :} 1 " in 20 Hexagon. • r Light barrels _ Acro:lll flats 0'451 " , Across angles 0'508 6 {Whitworth •-- in ~o Hexagon. Barrels lot ozs. heavier - Across flats 0'461 :} 1 " " 0'462 3 .Lancaster .{I Major axis 1 " in 20 • -Ellipse. Minor axis 0'450 :} " Freed at breech, and with gaining twist. I i Westley Richards ­ - i Across angles 0'480 6 -1 1 turn in 20 inches - Octagon. {I Breech-loaders r Across flats 0'(50 -J

3. These ON SYSTEMS OF RIFLING FOR SMALL ARMS. 3

3. These several varieties of anns have been tried in accordance with the conditions laid down in the accompanying programme; the mode ofproceeding being as follows ;- a. 1st Series of Experiments,- To determine the best of the large calibres, as to prechion under circumstances most farourable to the al'ms themSelves, by firing one variety side by side with another under equal con­ -dilions of wind and weather. ,b, 2d Series of Experirnents,- To ascertai n the b<:st of the small bores by a similar proc<::ss. c. 3d Series of Experiments,- To c0!Dpare the best of the large with the best of the small bores, and thus determine their relative precision under equal and,;imilar cir­ cumstances. 4. In proceeding to determine the respective EXTR.6.Cl' FROM TABLES merits of the large·bore rifles, the Enfield Rifle Nos. 1 6 10 13 HI marked C was first placed in competition with the ydB, ydl. ydB. yd8, ydl. Enfield Service Rifle, which it resembles in all Rqe . . 300 500 800 1,000 1,200 _ respects, except that the number of grooves is in­ I creased from three to five. Enfield Service 12:69 19'80" 41'61" 93'01" 133'63" As in both cases the width of the grooves is the En6eldC . 8'88 19'27 40'65 78'74 120:60 same, it follows that in the C rifl~ the surface of the lands is considerably reduced, and the results, ShowilJO' the mean radial deviation of the group as given in the margin,sholV that this alteration from the ~can point of impact (or ",hat is commonly called the figure ofmerit). gives a decided advantage in precision. 5. It appears that the question of increasin~ the numher of grooves in the Enfield system, or rather that of reducing the -amount of frictional surface presented by the broad lands of the existing three­ groo\-ed rifle by running a narrow gl'oove down each of the lands, has for some time past' been entertained by Mr. Boucher, his object being to increase precision by the em pl'Jyment of a tighter _fitting lmllet than that adopted in the sen-ice, with­ out s~crificillg facility in loading. 6. Two Enfield riRes, constructed on Mr. Bou· cher's plan, were tried in the course ofthese experi­ ments. The ammunition, which was made after his'own instructions, consisted of two kinds, viz. ; 1. Disc bullet, diameter 0'564'. 2. Polygonal-sided b:JlIet, with cavity at base, diameter 0'564'. The shooting with this ammunition was wild, and a correspondence ensued with Mr. Boucher, which ended in his withdrawing the disc bullet, pressing, however, fpr a continuance of the trial with poly­ gonal bultets ofa diameter somewhat less than the former, viz., 0'560', and a slower burning pDwder than that used in the service. As the natlure of the proposed experiments im­ plied a long and laborious investigation, the Ord­ nance Select Committee decided that its considera­ tion should form the subject of a future and separate inquiry. A 2 7. The 4 REPORT OF ORDNANCE SELE

7. The Enfield Rifle C (five grooves, pitch one turn in 78 inches), having proved superior to the service pattern, was next placed in competition with the Enfield B rifles, having also five grooves, but TABLES 2 7 11 14 10 with the spiral increased to one turn in 63 inches. As will be seen on reference to the abs-tract given ylU. YlU, ylU. YlU, ylU. in the margin, this increase of pitch led to very RaDge - 300 600 !.l00 1,000 1,200 1/ 1/ /I /I satisfactory results, the precision being improved at Enfield C 9'114 16'90" 34'34 93'46 12r:s'33 all ranges, hut more especially at the longer ranges. Enfield B 8'52 12'58 28'10 49'i5 i 103-08 8. The quicker twist, however, has the disad\'an­ tage of increasing the tendency to foul, which is TABLE 28. made avparent by comparing the results of targets made for precision, between these rifles and the ylU. Service Enfield, after each had fired 1,000 rounds Range 600 continuously. Enfield Service • 24'72 Enfield B. 9. The two varieties of Enfield arms marked .A 83'76 and D, have each a twist of one turn in 48 inches, and are sinlflar in all respects, except in the weight of the barrel, which in the D rifles is heavier by 401S. The total weight of the rifle is not affected by the addition, as a corresponding reduction has been made in the weight of the stock. These rifles, differing only in weight, were first TABLES 'N08. 8 7 11 15 20 compared with each other; tbe superiority in pre­ cision, althou~h scarcely appreciable, was, as the - , yd" yd" yth. ylU, ylU, results in the margin show, invariably in favour of RUJge - 300 500 800 1,000 ' 1,200 I " I the heavier barrels. The D rifles were consequently Enfield A - ' 8'12" 16:65 30';9" 411'43 : 96'29" I I selected for comparison with the B rifles with the Enfield B i'84 1[,'38 80'12 4i'54 91'10 slower pitch of one turn in 63 inches. -I , i

10. The results of the trial, as given in the TABLES No,. 8 12 16 21 margin, show, that in fair, moderate weather, the • I slower pitch is sufficient for all ranges up to 1,000 ylU, ydl, ylU, I yd,. yils. I I yards. Range - . ' 300 DOO 800 I 1,000 1,200

/. I The figures marked thus • denote the result of a II I 4-'93" , Enfield B 9'02 14'23 28'13 I I 10i'64 trial made between the two best rifles Of Class B i , *49'20- and D respectively, with a view to test the 'relative Enfield D 8'98 I 28'94 1 4{l'5i IOI'i6 stability of the slower and quicker twist in windy 16'80 I *38'22 and boisterous weather. As the results were in favour of the latter, as also the trial at the extreme range of 1 ,~OO yards, the Committee were led to give the preference to the D rifles, above the other varieties of Enfield arms submitted for trial. 11. The Committee have, however, observed in these rifles the same tendency to foul and to lose See Table 28. precision after repeated firing as in the rifles with the 63 inch pitch, which justifies the conclusion that in the Enfield system this tendency is inse­ parable from increase of spiral. 12. The results of the present experiments when carefully compared show that the precision of the Enfield rifle, when the arm is clean, is capable of considerable improvement, by a combination of increased twist with fiv~ grooves; but that under circumstances of tiring continued beyond 150 See Tables 156 to 59. rounds, without cleaning, the loss in precision, due to the increased fouling, is such as to reduce its precision almost to a level with that of the pre­ sent Service Enfield. 13. As, C.1/eY ON SYSTEMS OF RIFLING FOR SMALL ARMS. 5 13. As, however, the latter is found to cease to be an arm of prec'ision at 800 yards, and that the D rifle, with its sharper pitch of one turn in 48 inches, may be said to preserve its precision, at least under ordinary circumstances, up to 1,000 yards, the Committee are of opinion, that should it be considered desirable to retain the Enfield system of rifling in the service, an increased twist with five grooves may, be introduced with advantage. 14. The-large-bore rifles, on the Lancaster prin­ ciple, E;ubmitted for trial have been of a calibre adapted to the service 0'55 ammunition. Mr. Lancaster has (on this occasion) adopted an elliptical bore. Major axis 0'580'. Minor axis 0'572'. Spiral of one turn in 36 inche5 at breech, in­ creasing to one in 33 inches at muzzle, and the breech freed to the extent of 0'002'. 15. It may be urged that Mr. Lancaster, by re­ ducing the minor axis to 0'572', has secured to his system an advantage by which all results are rendered directly incomparable with those ofcalibres whose diameter is 0:577'; but on this point the Committee would observe that if it can be lJracti­ cally shown, that the alleged advantage is one of which the Lancaster principle is susceptible, without in any degree sacrificing 'that facility in loading, and non-tendency to foul, which is held to be essen­ tial for a military weapon, then the reduced bore becomes admissible, and cannot be otherwise recog­ nised than as an important point in favour of the Lancas~er system. 16. The Lancaster rifles in the first instance were .at each successive range placed in competition with TABLES Nos. s 8 12 17 22 the class of Enfield rifle which had at that particular ------\ yd,. ych. yd,. yd,. range made the best figure, and consequently, as i yd,. shown in the margin, will be found sometimes in RInge • 300 500 800 ],000 ],200 , , competition with the B Enfield (five grooves, one Lancalter 9'24 20"35 2i~93 87'98 \ 42~:7 turn in 63 inches), and at others with the D Enfield Enfield l) 8']) 94'66 (fiye grooves, one turn in 48 inches). Enfield R 15'65 28'03 I 60'04 17. Having once determined the general supe­ I riority of the D Enfield over all the other varieties of arms representing the Enfield system, the Com­ mittee made a second trial between those arms and the Lancaster 1ifles at all ranges. TABLF.5 Nos. 44 45 46 47 48 18. The results obtained in this as in the former

I trial, which are given in the margin, show that the yd,. yth. !/dl. yde. yu. sharp pitch of one turn in 36 inch('s adopted by: Ringe _ 300 bOO 800 1,000 ],200 , , Mr. Lancaster, has the advantage in precision at ·1 10~06 43'61 66~09 LanculeT •I 17'68 28'36 all ranges abO\'e 500 yards, and that at 300 yards. I Enfield D -I !l'07 16'82 2fl'43 47'411 87'02 the precision of both rit:le:s is about equal. 19. The figures obtained at 500 yards need some­ further explanation. In the first tria~ between the Enfield B and Lan. caster rifles, the inferiority of the latter in precision was considerable. In the second trial, when compared with the D Enfield, the Lancaster was still inferior, although not to the same extent. A3 Tb 6 REPORT OF ORDNANCE SELECT COMMITTEE

The Committee being at a loss to understand why a rifle which was nearly equal in precision at 300 )'ards, and superior at all ran~es above 500, should fail at that one particular range, and having rcason to suspect that the holdel's on the fixed rests at the 500 yards station were not suitable to the peculiar set of the Lancaster stock, as upon several occasions they had exhibited a tendency to jam in the slide, determined to repeat the trial for the third time by firing at this range from the Whitworth rests, which had been used at all the other ranges.

20. The results of this trial, as shown in the margin, prove that the previous anomaly was due to the cause assigned above, the difference in pre­ Range ­ cision on this occasion between the competing arms Laneuter. being scarcely appreciable. Enfield Do 17"26

21. Having thus, as far as lay in their power, de­ termined the rdative precision of these arms when compared under circumstances most fa"ourable to its attainment, the Committee proceeded, as in the case with the Enfield arms, to test the Lancaster rifles for precision after they had to a certain extent been fouled and exposed to, the weather for several days. The figures in the margin show, the re~ults, and TA.BLES 50 to 1i9. prove that the precision of the Lancaster rifle is !leU. !la... yeil. not deteriorated by continued firing, while that of Range 300 500 800 the Enfield is. .. II -I II II weater - -I 9'36 Ii 94 34-56

22. The question of fouling being of the greatest Enfield D 12"42 18'78 34-80 importance, and one under which the relative ad­ vantages of different systems of rifling might be Enfield Service - 11"88 17'52 39"85 expecteu more plainly to show themselves, 1han in any other trial to which the arms could be sub­ jected, the Committee decided to fire 1,000 rounds cO!1tinuously, under similar circumstances, from the Enfield D and Lancaster rifll'S. and then compare them for precision in a dirty state.

23. The result of this trial was, that after the Enfield D rifle had fired 100 rounds, it b~gan to load roughly, hard fouling having deposited in patches on the, interior-surface of the barrel, while the loading of the Lancaster rifle continued easy throughout. 24. When subsequently fired for precision side TABLB 23. by side, the shooting of the Enfield D was wild, yth. while that ofthe Lancaster had scarcely deteriorated, Range 500 as will be seen on reference to tIle results in the II Lancaster - 19'68 margm. The rifles were then carefully cleaned, and targets Enfield D made for precision, to ascertain by direct compa­ rison the amount of wear that had taken place, as at this stage of the experiments, 1,700 to 1,800 rounds had been fired from each arm. The figures obtained from both rifles were iden­ tical and very good, whence the Committee were led to the conclusion, that neither system had suf­ Ran~c II fered to any avpreciable extent from wear, and jus­ Lallca.t~r - 10"48 tifies them in placing the Lancaster anei Enfield Eufldd Do 10'48 8~'stems on an equality in point of endurance. . 26. The ON SYSTEMS OF RIFLING FOR S~!ALL ARMS. 7 26. The Committee are aware that an objection has been frequently raised against the Lancaster system, on account of its supposed liability to lose the form of the ellipse, owing to the unequal fric­ tion which is exerted in forcing the bullet into its longer axis, but from their own experience they are satil'fied that if the alleged defect exists at all, it is so inconsideraLle as to be of little or no im­ portance. 27. It has likewise been urged that freeing at the breech, as in the case of the Lancaster rifle, is a disadvantage, for assuming that the bullet expands to the full size of the bore, immediately all the igni­ tion of the charge, it has necessarily to undergo a certain amount of distortion in its passage through the narrower part of the barrel. 28. In the opinion of the Committee, this distor­ tion must at least equally occur in any rifle where the depth of the grooves is progressive, as in the case of the Enfield system, in \\ hich the grooves decrease from 0'015' in depth at breech, to 0'005' at the muzzle. 29. The Committee, are, however, disposed to think that an advantage may possibly be deFived from both freeing at the breech in the one system, and progressive grooving in the other, in cases where the expansion of the bullet has not been com­ pleted at the first moment of discharge; and refer­ ring to the experiments made at Woolwich and at H)'lhe in 1853-54, it will be seen that it was' then considered that the freed breech had the advan­ tage of diminishing the liability of the bullet to strip. 30. The same may be said of Mr. 'Lancaster's increasing ~piral, which in the large bore rifles gains from 1 turn in 36 inches at breech, to ) turn in 33 inches at muzzle, and the results of all the expe­ riments with the large bore rifles upon which the Committee have been engaged, show that in the Lancaster large bore ritles there is now no greater tendency of the bullet to strip than is common to most'systems of rifling. 31. Having then carefully weighed and consi­ dered the relative advantages of the Enfield and Lancaster systems applied to large calibres, and adapted to one and the same ammunition, viz., Bullet, 530 grains. Diameter, 0'55, -wood plug. Powder, 2. drachms, Jt. Cartridge, service. Lubrication, pure wax.

The Committee are led to tbe following opi- nion :-

1st. As regards precision when clean. The Lancaster rifle has the advantage. 2d. As regard!! precision when foul. The Lancaster has a decided advar.tage. 3d. As regard3 non-tendency to accumulatt fouling. The Lancaster is considerably superior. 4th. As regards simplicity of management. The Lancaster has the advantage, a smooth barrel being more easily cle

About equal (average penetration at 30 yards 5th. As regards penetration. ill' i-inch elm boards placed half an inch apart) : Lancaster, 12'00. Su Tahle No. 67. :Enfield D, 11'40, Equal. 6tb, Rapidity of.fire. 'fotal weight of arm the same; weight of bar­ 7th. Weight. rel same as the D Enfield.

------Lancaster. I Enfit;ld D. Feet. Feet. Initial ­ 1,234"9 1,248'6 8th. Initial velocity, arms being clean. Table No, 68. But after firing 1,020 rounds the Wll.ll Ditto, with foul arms. initial velocity 1------1,211'8 1,15i'3 Showing the effects of fouliDK loss 23'1 91'3

Lancaster has the advantage. 9th. Trajectory. About equal. ' lOth. Cost of manufacture. 32. The Committee now proceed to detail the results of the trials made between the small bore rifles which have a mean calibre of 0'451", and comprise three different systems of rifling, viz. : 1. The grooved system as in the small bore Enfield. 2. The polygonal, as adopted by Mr. Whit­ worth and Mr. Westley Richards, being he"agonal in the former, and octagonal in the latter j and 3. The elliptical bore of Mr. Lancaster.

33. In each of the small bore rifles, the weight ' {)f the barrel exceeds that of the Service Enfield in the following proportions, viz. : Whitworth Enfield barrels of the same exterior dimensions as the Service En6eld,­ Excpss, lib. 11 oz. Whitworth Enfield barrels of reduced weight" 6~OZ5. Enfield small bore, I lb. 2 ozs. , Lancaster, 1~ ozs. Westley Richards, I lb. But by a reduction in the weight of the stocks, the total weight of each arm exceeds that of the ser­ vice Enfield in the following proportions: Whitworth Enfield heavy barrels, from 11 to 16 ozs. Whitworth Enfield light barrels, niL Enfield small bores, from II to 16 ozs. Lancaster, 3 to 4 ozs. Westley Richards, from 2 to 7ozs.

34. The bore of these rifles being reduced to 0'451', while the weight of the bullet remains the same as that used with the large bore rifles, it fol­ lows, that as the length of the projectile is thus necessarily increased, a quicker twist is required to maintain the proper rotation of the bullet round its longer axis. 35. In ON SYSTEMS OF RIFLING FOR SMALL ARMS.

35. In this particular aU the small·bore rifles are alike, the pitch adopted being 1 turn in 20 inches, and as the calibres are also identical, no very marked difference in precision could have been expected when they were tried under favourable circum.. stan,ces, and with the same ammunition, which in the case of the muzzle-loaders consisted of a bullet 530 grains:- Diameter, 0'442". Length, 1'41". Powder, 79 grains C. & H., No.6. And in that of Westley Richards' breech-loading musket, of a Bullet, weight 530 grains. Diameter of body, 0'447 . Diameter of base ring, 0'468". Powder, 76 grains, C. & H., NQ. 6. 36. On referring to paragraph 17 of the pro­ gramme, it will be observed, that in determining the fitness of any arm for military service. it waS held " essential that it should retain its precision when that lubricant was employed which had been prove9. by experience to be the best adapted for all climates and conditions," viz.,

Ie Pure Beeswax." The Committee proceed. therefore, to give the results obtained with each lubricant separately. and in the order employed, viz. = 1st. With Mr. Whitworth's lubricant of grease. applied in the form of a wad between the powder and bullet for all the muzzle-loaders, and Westley Richards' special lubricant, No.8, on bullet anrl wad, for his breech-loaders. 2dly. With a wax wad for the muzzle-loaders; and wax on the bullet for the breech-loaders. 37. With the special grease lubricant a com­ parison was first instituted between the Whitworth rifles, heavy and light barrels, which were fired side T....LBI, Nos. 24. 28 34. 37 4.1 by side at each range. The results given in the margin show that the ,th. ,dI. ,d•. ,a.. ,a.. precision of both arms is nearly equal. although 1,000 1,200 R.Dge - - aoo 1i00 800 1/ slightly in favour of the heavier barrels at all dis· 1/ ~'9t" WhitwwthHB 3'98" 8'21 17"69" 16'18 tances except 1,200 yards. ~"9t Whitwwth LB "89 9'89 19'82 29'26 The latter result, however, the Committee are disposed to regard as exceptional, and they there· fore give the preference to the heavy barrels as to 38 T ~BLB8, Nos. 25 29 85 precision. ,dI, ,dI. ,th. ,dI. ,a.. 38. TI~ese rifles were next placed in competition Rer - - 300 600 800 1,000 1,200 1/ 1/ 1/ with the Enfield small-bores, and, as will be seen " 18-02 jIb'34 ~'2Ii" EufieJd - - "44 9'86 on comparing the results, little difference exists Whitworth HB "16 10'20 1'7'11 24'72 46'39 between them, although generally the"Whitworth arms show a higher deg~ee of precision.

TULBS 56 to 59•. 39. Under eircumshnces of continued firing and exposure tWhitworth rifle; and, during this experi­ 19'02 ment, this class of arm~ exhibited a marked advan­ 21"06 tage in respect to general facility in loading. These results are still further confirmed by sub- 139· B sequent REPORT OF ORDNANCE SELECT COMMITrEE

sequent e:l'peiimen", ill 'Which 1,000 rounds were fired oontinuQusly from each rifle, afte!' which they . were :firerA for precision in ltheir foul state; the 10Ba in precision due ,to accumulatioo of fouling was not consitWrable in either, but, as will be seen by the figures in the margin, more marked in.the Enfield "rifle.

40. Mr. Westley Richards' breech-loading mus­ TABLE 65. kets were next tried, being at each range placed in yd.. immediate competition with that rifle ",hioIl had Range made the be8t figure at that particcular range, and 600 1/ COllBequently will be found sometimes in compari£on Whitworth 9"48 with the Enfield small bore, and at other times with Enfield - 10'92 the Whitworth heavy barrel rifles. The figures obtained with the breech-loaders TABLES, Nos. 26 30 36 39 43 (when the arms were clean) are inferior at all ranges to those of the murzle-loaders; but the former have yth" yth. yd•• yd•• I ya.. the advantage of a lower trajectory, as will be seen Range -- 300 600 800 1,000 1,200 1/ Richard~ /I /I /I by the angles of elevation given in the tables. Westley 4"97 ll"ll 20'26 28"89 61'41" 'When tried for loss of precision due to fouling Whitworth 3'86 . from continuous fire and exposure ·to weather, the - - 15'67 23"13 52"S4 breech-loaders exhibited no deterioration as com­ Enfield - .I- - 7'97 - - - pared with their performances when the respective arms were clean, and their well-retained accuracy TA.BLES 56 to .59. places them nearly on an equality with the 'Vhit­ worth and Lancaster muzzle-loaders, and renders yd•• gth" ydI. them superior to the Enfield, when tested under Range - 300 500 800 1/ /I similar circumstances. Westley Richardl, clean 4"98 1l!'44" This freedom from fouling may be attributed to Weltiey Richards, foul the fact that in breech-loaders the fouling left in the 4'68 7'02 23'46 barrel by anyone round is in each instance' ejected by the succeedif!.g one, whereas in muzzle-loading rifles the deposit bas a Itendency to accumulate. '''I1he greased felt wad attached by Mr. Westley Richards to the batJe 'of his cartridge is likewise instrumental in removing ·all fouling. 'The object of this wa~1 is two-fold; it is devised as a mea-nsto arrest the escape of gas, and acts as ac1eanser and lubricator immediately in front .of the bullet of the succeeding round Dy which it is pr.ojected through the barrel. The Committee are therefore of opinion that Mr. Westley Richards' breech-loading rifle is as regards. pr~cision, j~fe~ior to .the muzzle-loader rifled on the same prIllClple, but It possesses advan­ tages peculiar to itself~ such as ease in loading, facility of manipulation (and consequent capability of great rapidity of fire), si~plicitJ of ~anagem~t, is readily ,cleaned and exammed, and IS not subject to the action of the bead of the ramrod, which is found to be so prejudicial to the interior of aU rifled barrels. It also admits of the use af a hardened leatl Bee Table 67. projectile. which increases its penetration to a con­ siderable extent, an advanta~e of which a muzzle­ loader is not susceptiBle \vhenan expanding 'pro­ jectile is employed. 41.Tbe small-bore rifles' on the Lanqaster prm­ ciple are, as in the case of the large bores, freed at the breech, and llave a spiral increasing from I in 20" at breech to 1 in IS" at muzzle. Although Mr. Lancaster "Wns' chlled upon to prepare 5 riiles for competition, by some oversight on his part, 2 of ON SYSTDIS OF RIFLING FOR SMALL ARMS.

2 of the 5 were rifled with a sharper pitch than 1 in 20', and as they differed in this res-peet from the rest of the small bores submitted for trial, they were, rejected. T ,nus Nos. 27 30 36 40 43 By comparing the figures given in the margin, it . will be seen that as regards precision, with grease yda, yth, yda, yth. yth, lubrication, the Lancaster rifles were inferior to . 300 500 800 1,000 1,200 Range - the 'Whitworth and Enfield arms, with which they 1/ .1 LaDeuter - 4'36 9'32" 19'32" 26'36" 116'72 competed. Whitworth - 4'28 - 15'28 28'88 50'28 A tendency to throw occasional wild shots was observed in the Lancaster small bores, which was 8'44 Enfield ------not the case il1' th~ large bores all the same prin­ ciple. The Committee think it probable that this defect in the small bores arises from an incGmplete expansion of the bullet, which. in the case of the large bores, is overcome by the' larger cavity at the base of the bullet, assi~ted by the boxwood plug, When tested for precision after eontinued fining TULES66 tc! 50, and expO!.~ure to weather, the Lancaster small bore rifles showed no deterioration; on the contrary, yda, yda, their precisioll was increased, as will be seen by Jlqe . 300 500 comparing the figures in the margin, obtained from 1/ LaueuIer, Clean 3'72 r;:32 clean and foul arms, and a,. further comparison Lancuter, Fonl • 3'48 6'60 17'64 between them and the Whitworth rifles after 1,000 rounds had been foul~d from each, proves t>hat the TABLE 65. accuracy of the Lancaster rifle is not easily affected Range 600 yards, after fouling 1,000 rounds. by fouling, Lancaster - 7'08'. The loading during theSE: experiments was- eas y Whitworth - S'SS'. when compared with that of the Enfield small hore, although in this- latter particular~ the Lancaster small bore was inferior to the Whitworth ritle" with which loading continues easy to any number of rounds, wbile in the Lancaster a slight difficulty occasionally occurred in sending the bullet. h0me'. 42. The above details close the trIal' of the small bores with grease lubrication, and from the results obtained, the Committee are inclined to place the respective riBes in, the following order of merit:- Precision when clean, 1. Whitworth. 2. Lancaster. and Enfield,. equaL .. 3. Westley Richards. Precision when foul. 1. WbitwOllth. 2. Lancaster. 3. Westley Richards. 4. Enfield, S.B. Non-tendency to foul so as to obstruct loading. 1. Westley Richards. 2. Whitworth. 3. Lancaster. 4. Enfield, S.B•• 43. 'Vith:a.pune lead expanding;bullet, the·various small-bore muzzle-loading rifles- diffur little in amount of ,penetration, as will be seen on Ilefer.ence to Table No., 67, the average being about 121 boards. " Mr. Westley Richards, with his breech..Ioading 1,39-, B 2 ' , rifle, 12 REPORT OF ORDNANCE SELECT COMMITTEE

,rifle, is able to use a hardened bullet (19 lead, I tin), and thus increases penetration to about ,20 boards. The hardening process cannot, however, be ap­ plied where expansion of the bullet is requisite, but the polygonal system with uniform bore has the peculiar advantage, where gl(;ar penetration is required, of admitting the employment of a mechanically fitting projectile of hardened lead or steel. 44. With regard to flatness of trajectory, the Enfield small-bore has a slight advantage; next to it, and scarcely inferior, is Westley Richards' breech­ loading musket, next in order the Whitworth, and lastly the Lancaster small-bore.

45. As in the above trials the Whitworth heavy barrels exhibited the greatest precision, the Com­ mittee selected them to represent the reduced calibre for further comparison with the best of the large bores under precisely similar circumstances.

46. Although it bas been considered advisable, for the sake of arriving at a fair and impartial comparison, to make this trial, the Committee would observe with respect to it, that no conclusion could have been expected, other than what the results have shown, viz., the superior range and pre­ cision of the small-bore rifles. They think, therefore, in this instance, it will be TABLBS 44 to 48. sufficient to show the several1igures obtained from 11th• ,th, 11th• ,th. , I .. the competing arms, observing only, that the ser­ Raap . · 300 600 800 1,000 1,200 vice-powder was used with the large-bores, while i h Whitworth 3'89" 7'39" 17'18" " (9"69 with the small-bores, that powdp.r was employed · 26'64 I which experience has proved to be the best adapted E.nlielcl O. · 10'28 17'04 28"96 48'66 81'10 I ~o LaDcuIer, L. .. 10'06 a small calibre, viz. : 17'68 18'36 48'61 ! 66'09 Curtis and Harvey's No.6.

47. With a view to meet the conditiolls specified in paragraph 17 of the printed programme, with respect to 'the use of wax lubrication, Mr. Whit­ worth submitted an ammunition, in which the grease pellet was cCJvered with a thin coating of wax. In the opinion ofthe Committee, this combination of grease and wax, although they tried it, failed to TABLES 49 to 53. fulfil the requirements which render the employ­ ment of pure bees' wax nece~sary, and with a view GaK....1: and Wu:, I to test the fitness of the service lubricant for small­ 11th• yu. ,1., ,u. ,.. bore rifles, they instituted experiments with am­ Rance . - 300 600 600 1,000 1,200 munition, in which a pellet of pure -wax W8$ 1/ Whitworth . 4'17 8'69" 16:'10 31"66" 46"06" substituted for the grease pellet employed by Mr. Whitworth. Edeld, I. B•• 5'69 11115 201l4 S7'2l!,. 40"10 Lancuter, •• B. 4'48 8'80 19'04 31"04 48'66 48. The results of the trial made with both these lubricants show, that with the combination of T~lILB8, Nos. 5465 62 grease and wax, the precision of the small-bore rifles 63 64 is not affected to any appreciable extent, but that . Pual: WAX. with the pure wax, the shooting of the Whitworth lIlb• 1IU, 1Iu lIU , ytJ.. and Enfield arms deteriorates, while that of the . Range . 300 600 Lancaster rifle improves to a degree which renders - 800 1,000 1,JOO its precision not only superior, but equal to the Whitworth . 6'76" 8"49" 19'49" 84-66" 66'0" shooting of the Whitworth dnd Enfield when fired Ealleld, I,... 6'33 ](N6 1I1'I4 30'69 61-86 with the grease lubricant. Luacurer, I.'. 4'20 6'08 12"20 12'61 44'80 49. The I ON SYSTEMS OF RIFLING FOR SMALL ARMS.

TnLE8, Nos. 60 61 62 68 49. The precision of Mr. Westley Richards' ,a, breech-loading rifles was not affected by the em­ ,a, ,a. ,a. ,a. ployment of wax on the bullet. . 300 600 800 J,OOO 1,200 Rap - 50. From these r~sults it would appear that the 'Weet!erRicbanb 6'12" 10'29" 21'l7" 29'47" 46'77" I . wax lubricant in this form suits the Lancaster rifle, but the Committee are inclined to think that its success is due rather to the fact that it acts as a wad than as a lubricant, and in this opinion they are borne out by Mr. Lancaster himself, who advocates the employment of a felt or any other wad as bein~ conducive to the attainment of the highest precision with rifles on his principle, It does not, however, follow that wax would be found suitable in a small calibre if applied on the bullet. as in the present service cartridge, as the bullet would have to be reduced in diameter to render loading possible under such circumstances. 51. In the experiments that were made with this lubricant, it was observed from the commencement, that the Enfield and Lancaster rifles had a tendency to lead, and the loading more especially with the former was occasionally performed with difficulty. 52. As this was not the case with the Whit­ worth arms, the Committee thought that a severe trial for fouling with this lubricant would be well calculated to bring out the relative advantages or disadvantages of the different systems of rifting under consideration, and with this view they decided to fire continuously 1,000 rounds lubricated, with wax from each of the small bore rifles.

See Table No. 66. 53. It resulted that the Enfield rifle commenced to load with difficulty at the 7th round, which increased as the firin~ proceeded. the bullet on most occasions had to be forced through the paper, and at the 93d and 606th rounds respectively the bullet jammed in the barrel, and had to be driven home by blows from a mallet. In the Lancaster rifle the loading was compara­ tively easy, although on some occasions the appli­ cation of more than usual force was necessary to drive the bullet down the barrel. In the Whitworth rifle the loading from first to last was so easy as to require no greater pressure than the weight of the ramrod itself. ,' TABLE 66. 54. The CommiUee were unfortunately prevented ,UIU, from comparing the shooting of the Whitworth lWlge • 600 rifle in its foul state with that of the other arms, as " the percussion lump of the former had split' to a Enfield • 10'80 depth of 0'7 inch, which rendered the arm unser­ Lancuter 7'68 viceable. The other results are shown in the Welt1ey Ricbanh - 10'56 margin. 55, Having now concluded the detail of the experiments carried out by them. the Committee proceed to express their opinion on the several points to which their attention has heen directed in W. O. letter. dated 6th October, 1861 (81-G. N.-256). 1st. Whether the present Enfield rifle 0;577 bore, In the opinion of the Committee it is not. is DOW manufuctured on the best possible principle of rifling. 56. The Enfield rifle was introduced into the service at a period when comparatively limited experience had been acquired in this country with B 3 respect 14 REPORT OF ORDNANCE SELEC'P COMMITTEE

respect to elongated rifle bulletst and when no fixed and generally accepted principles had been esta­ blished as to rifling small arms. The gun trade WE're themselves much divided in the opinions they held, and those that were accepted as the best were founded rather on speculation or arb~trary rules, than on experimentor scientific reasomng. U ndar such circumstances the highest credit is

due to those who t selecting and combining such proved advantages as then existed, produced a weapon, which not only at that time was, but is still believed to be, superior to any arm adopted by other countries. Since the year 1853, however, not only has the attention of scientific men been directed to the improvement of rifled fire-anns, but the value of their theories has been tested, both at home and abroad, by 'an amount of careful experiment which exceeds that of any other period. The results of these labours has been the produc­ tion of rifles of greatly increasE;d precision at long ranges, a point of considerable importance, when the improvements in modern artillery are taken into consideration. The Enfield rifle with its present twist fails in precision at distances above 600 yards; and any attempt at improvement by increasing the spiral, entails, as has been shown' in the Enfield. grooved system, a tendency to foul the rifle, and thus mars its efficiency as a military weap.on. Another defect inherent in this system is the large frictional surface which the broad lands present to the descending bullet, rendering a com­ paratively large windage necessary to secure easy loading. • 57. In the elliptical and poly~onal SysteIIlB the frictional Imrface is considerably 'reduced.. Theo­ retically in the ellipse, the bullet with its envelope of paper and wax, should touch and only touch at two points, but practically a certain amount of bearing surface does and must exist between the exterior surfaae of the bullet and the sides of the barrel. In the Enfield riHe the amount of bearing surface, and consequent resistance to the descending bullet when loading, is considerably greater than it is in the elliptical bore. IIi the latter, the resistance to the bullet is exerted only at' the two points where the eHipse differs little from the circle; in the former, it extends over segmental surfaces of concentric circles. 58. In the Whitworth hexagonal bore, the resistance to the bullet is practically less than in the ellipse. for as the bearing surfaces in the polygon are perfectlyflat •. the pressure on each is a minimum, alld the bullet in its passage down the bw:rel is exposed to pressure over a less pQrtion of ita circum­ ference than is the case in the ellipset where the 8urfaces incline to coincidence: ~he accompanying diagrams on a scale fifteen times the real· size, will possibly show more clearly . the ON -SYS'll'£MS 'Of' RIFLlNG FOR SMALL· ARMS.

the relative amount of bearing or resi~ting surface of the Enfield, Lancaster, and Whitworth systems. . 59. In the course of the present experiments, tbe value of the Enfield and Lancaster principles of rifling have been tested in both large and sman calibres, whereas Mr. Whitworth's polygonal system has been confined to small-bores, not that' it is inapplicable to large bores, or incapable of giving proportionately good results; but as with the weight of bullet and charge now adopted in the service, superior results are obtained by the reduced bore, Mr. \Vhitworth has expressed his unwilling­ ness to employ an inferior construction when better proportions are available. 2d. Whether in consequence ofthe advantage which 60. The Committee are of opinion, that as the a rifle ofa small bore appears to possess at long ranges and under certain circumstances oller the Enfield rifle, present system of musketry instruction is calculated it is advisable, after taking into consideration all mHi­ to produce ere long a very high standard of shoot­ ta?, reason9, and the inconvenience ofdifferent ammu­ ing throughout the army, the introduction of a nition, to use a rifle ofa smaller bore 8S the arm8.JXlent weapon of great preoision at long ranges would ·of Rny portion of the army, or even for the entire service. materially increase the general efficiency of the infantry, and place it in a better pm;;ition to keep down the fire of the rifled artillery of the present day. 61. Although the reduced bore has shown a great superior.ity in precision over the larg-e calibre, and in some respects exhibited a greater suitability to be employed as a military arm, yet the wear that takes place in the percussioning is so considerable, that the rifle ina very short time is rendered un­ serviceahIe. 62. In the course of these ex,periments, and before 500 rounds had been fired from anyone of the small-bore rifles, eleven hammers had been broken by the force of the gas escaping through the nipple. 63. The threads of the screw in the nipple lump had if} moet casesueen blo'Wlll through, and in one instance after 1,500 rounds, the nipple lump cracked to an extent of 0'7 inch, rendering the arm un­ serviceable. 64. This wear may, however, be prevented to a certain extent by Douching the nipple hole with platinum or copper, and by a very ·careful fitment of thenippJe into its bed, but the Committee are satisfied from .the experience they have had, that DO amount of precaution is likely to be effectual in. preventing the very rapid wearing .out of the small­ bore rifle in this respect. 65. As re~ards ammunition, tbe Committee think that the Whitworth cartridge which has been used throughout these experiments is·inad­ missible for general use ·in the service, ami if a car.tridge were constructed on the same form as the present service cartridge to suit tue reduced calibre, its necessarily increased length would render it liable to break. in the pouch, and it would he incon­ venient to laad with. '66. The Committee ba.ve been. given to under­ stand that the cost of the Whitworth rifle, if made of Enfield metal, and manufactured in large quan- '39· B 4 titiea • 16 REPORT OF ORDNANCE SELECT COMMITTEE lities with barrel 4 oz. heavier than the present service barrel, wIth common bayonet and iron fur­ niture, would be (approximately) 15 s. more than the cost of the present service Enfield, but as the wear and tear is so excessive, the actual cost attending its adoption would be considerably greater than what has betH estimated above. 67. For the foregoing reasons, the Committee do not at present feel warranted in recommending the introduction of a rifle of so small a bore as 0'451 inch for the entire army; but they think that a partial employment of arms having such superior precision would be attended with advantage, and is not inexpedient. Whether they should be allotted to special regiments, or distributed amongst marks­ men of known skill and coolness, is a question, however, for higher authorities to decide; in either case there must be two kinds of ammunition in store and in the field, but in .the former, one ammu­ nition only in a regiment. 68. Although the Committee have assigned ad. Whether (if the Committee are of opinion that a rifle of smaller bore than th8.t now 118ed shonld be reasons above for not recommending the general adopted) any particular pattern arm haa shown from adoption of a rifle of the reduced calihre of 0'451', experiment anv superiority, or whether the ~n trade they think it only just to Mr. Whitworth to acknow­ should be invited to compete for the production of th&­ ledge the relative superiority of his small-bore beat weapon. rifle even as a military weapon, over aU the other rifles of similar calibre that have been under trial. 69. With reference to the latter part of No.3 • question, they are of opinion that as the makers of e'"ery small bore rifle having any pretension to special accuracy, have copied to the letter the three main elements of success adopted by Mr. Whit­ worth, viz., diameter of bore, degree of spiral and large proportion of rifling surface, it is not probable that any further modifications or quasi im­ provements, that might result from the question being now thrown open to the gun trade, would be attended with any practical advantage. 70. With the exception of the defect already noticed as to wear, and the difficulty of obtaining ammunition suitable for the rifle as well as the service, the Committee are of opinion that the Whitworth rifle, taking all other points into con­ sideration, is superior to all olher arms as yet pro­ duced, and that this superiority would be retained if Mr. Whitworth could ensure aU the arms being made with equal mechanical perfection. 71. The breech-loading rifles on Mr. W. Richards' Instructions conveyed in W. O. letter, datecl 19th November 1861, 81-R.-366. "The Secre­ principle have, as stated in paragraph 40, shown tary of State for War has decided that the small • advafttages peculiar to this species of ar.m; but bore breech.loading rifle proposed by Mr. W6Iltley settinp aside the question as to the expedIency or Richards should be tried with the other small arma otherwise of havin u a breech-loading musket for about to be experimented on by the Committee." the infantry, the C;rnmittee consider that the cost of the rifle: viz., 97. 9 s., is so excessive as to pre­ clude its introduction, at the same time they think that, for cavalry, tlJis system 'of breech-loading adapted to carbines offers such advantages as to compensate for any additional.expense .whj~h may be incurred by their general lDtroductlOn 10 that branch of the aI'IllY· 72. At ON SYSTEMS OF RIFLING FOR SMALL ARMS. 17

Inatructions conveyed inW. 0:letter, dated 6th Oc­ 72. At paragraph 30 the Committee ha\'e par­ tober 1861 (81-L-99) : "Thatthe Committee should ticularized the rel,tive merits of the Enfield and C

PROGRAMME for the Trial of 52 Rifled Muskets of different diameter of Bore and pitCh of Rifling, as shown in the Schedule appended hereto.

THE object at first contemplated by the Secretary of State for War, in' entrust- 18 June 1859. ing this inquiry to the consideration of the Ordnance Select Committee, was to (81 W.-15~·) ascertain, as far as practicable, the relative merits of the Whitworth and Enfield rifles (of reduced bore). The attention of the Committee has, however, by subsequent authority, been 6 Sept. 1861. -directed to an inquiry extending over a much wider field, and they are at present (81-G. No.­ called upon to determine what description of bore and principle of rifling is best ~56.) adapted for military purposes. 2. Of the 52 arms which have been ordered and supplied for the trial, there are' eleven varieties, which are classed as follows :-

SHALL BORES. 1. Whitworth - Heavy Barrels. 2. Whitworth - Light Barrels. 3. Enfield - - Light Barrels. 4. W. Richards' - - Breech Loaders. 5. Lancaster's - Oval Bore.

LARGE BOBEs. 6. Enfield (1853) - 3 Grooves-Pitch, 1 in 6' 6'. 7. - Experimental, 5" ,,1 in 6' 6'. 8. " 5" ,,1 in 5' 3'. 9. " - 5" ,,1 in 4'. 10. " - Heavy Barrels - 1 in 4'.

11. ft·" - Boucher's Rifling, 1 in 6' 6'. 3. It being impracticable to provide a separate target and fixed rest for each individual description of rifle, which the Committee admit wonld have been the more satisfactory mode for the attainment of results under exactly equal and similar circumstances, they have decided to adopt the following course, which they consider will at once be fair to all, and Calculated to eliminate the relative qualifications of the different arm. 139. C 4. The .,8 REPORT OF ORDNANCE SELECT COMMITTEE

let Beries ofex- 4. The Committee will determine, in the first series of experiments, what pm'- perimeota. ticular description of Enfield rifle, large bore, gives the best results as regards pre­ cision. One arm of each elass, taken twv and two together, will be placed in a. fixed rest, and fired for precision at the ranges hereinafter 8pecified, side bv side" under ~rrectJy equal and similar circumstances. • The successful batch of arms will then be tried side by side, as above, with another batch, and 80 on in succession, until the large-bore Enfields have all been tested.

9. The Enfield rifles being completed, that batch of arms which has given the greatest satisfaction will be placed in competition with the rifles with Mr. Boucher's grooving, and the best of these with Mr. Lancaster's large-bore rifles.

2d Series of ex- 6. In the second series of experiments, the Committee will determine which perimeots. of the small-bore rifles are the best as regards preei!lion, commencing with a comparison between Mr. Whitworth's heavy and Mr. Whitworth's light barrels; the successful batch of these wiU then be tried in comparison with the small­ bore Enfield rifles, and so on consecutively; the successful batch taking up Mr. Lancaster's small-bores and Mr. Westley Richards' breech-loading rifles.

7. The Committee will adjudicate on the merits of the arms, as to shooting, by taking the mean of the figures of merit of each individual batch.

3d Series of ex- 8. In this series the Committee will place in competition the best of Nos. 1 perimeot8. and 2 series, and compare rifle with rifle under precisely equal and similar circumstances. 9. The above conditions are, in the first instance, to be carried out without regard to any questions other than

Precision ana,Range, commencing at 300 yards, and proceeding to 500, 800, 1,000, and 1,200 yards, provided the latter range can be obtained.

10. Targets of 20 rounds to be made from each rifle, but 22 shots to be fired. The two worst shots to be taken out of the diagram previous to the mean deviation being taken. This is to .allow for inaccuracies for which the rifte is not always responsible.

11. Each rifle to be cleaned out when the target is completed.

4th Seriea (If ex- 12. In this series. the attention of the Committee will be directed to· compM'e perimenta. these rifles under conditions analogous to what may be expected on actual service, with reference to the above points, and also for Penetration, Fouling, Simplicity of management, Rapidity of fire, Liability to failure, Relative cost, and facility of supply and repair, Weight, sighting, &c.

13. With reference to the test of precision under these conditions, tIte Com­ mittee direct that two rifles be selected from each class, and that 500 roollds of ammunition be fired from each of them for fouling. These arms will be left in their dirty state, and exposed,by night and by day to the weather for a period of not less than 120 hours. Afterwards they will be taken, in the order' laid down for the experiments under the head' of the' 1st, 2d aDd 3d series, and .ired ~r precision in their dirty state, for compari80n between themselves and WIth therr ehooting when in· the clean state. In this series, targets will be. JBade a~ 3~, 500 and 800 yards, and at more distant ranges should the Committee COD8I88l' It desirable. &3/·- ON SYSTEMS OF RIFLING FOR SMALL ARMS. 19 / Penetration.

14. Two riflfjl of each class will be selected and tested 8$ to their power of penetration, by firing 10 rounds from each rifle at half-inch elm board (pre­ viously soaked in water), placed in n. frame half an iRCh apart; distance 30, 60 and 100 yards. Fouling aM Rapidity. 15. Two rifles of each class will be tested for fouling by firing 1,000 rounds from eam arm, as rapidly as the arm can be loaded: time to be noted.

16. Ammunition. Mr. Whitworth's rifles ­ - Whitworth ammunition. Enfield BIDall bores - Special ammunition, manufactured in Royal Laboratory. Mr. Westley Richards' rifles ­ - W. Richards' ammunition. Mr. Lancaster's BIDall bores ­ - Whitworth's ammunition. Ditto -- large Service, 55 ammuBition. • Enfield's large bores ditto ditto. Mr. Boucher's rifles Special, 15 sided. Bullet, (J' 564 diameter. Prepared in Royal Laboratory.

17. It will be regarded as an essential element in the fitness of any arm for military service, that it shall retain its precision when that lubricant is employed which has' been proved by experience to be the best adapted for .all climates and conditions, and therefore those arms which are used with any other than the ser­ vice lubricant (pure beeswax), will be fired over again for precision alld fouling with ammunition made up with that lubricant. l~. Targets will be made from the Committee's fixed rests, using such slides as shall. be determined upon by them, but the same for all the arms in each comparulion. 19. An angles of elevation will be absolute, i. e., above the true horizon; and will be taken by the same clinometer, and by the same officer.

20. Doe rifle of each desc~iption will be tested for initial velocity by the Musket Balistic Pendulum lately erected on the Committee's rifle range, or by Navez' apparatus, or both. ,~l. A copy of this programme to be sent to each inventor,. to whom due notice will be given of the day fixed for the commencement of the trIal, when the several inventors will he at liberty to attend. 22. The Committee will request the several' inventors, if present, to leave the entire management in their hands, and to abstain from all interference during the trial. J. St. George, 13 January 1862. Col. and President..

139· TABLES OF PRACTICE reforred to in the foregoing REPORT, l.:l o

TABLE No, l. RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS with the undermentioned Competitive Large Bore Riflee, 24th JlUluary 1862. Precision with Clean Arms,

I - Ammunition, s: Puint Point of Mean Absoluto ... Number Number Number ~umber Figure B aimed at. Diltauce of 0 Strength Shoulder Impact. Deecription anti NumlHlr of 1-----I ---- Angle ~. 8 Point of Mean .. Range. and Directi"n of of of of m .. or 11.1 Rifle, \weight and of Elevation. S @• Impact a~ Diameter 0 :I • of Wind. Powder. Shllh. Hitt. Mi-. Triall. Merit...... Filed Relt. Hor.\ Vert" Hor. Vert, from Point 'Z-E-o i of Bullet. J ~ I aimed at, :xl tr.l Y.,.dI. Inde•. 0 I 0 0 Feel, 530 Drama. . Feel. Feel. F,eI. Feel, 1 Enfield, No, 1 _ ~ ~~O!.~~ 300 s.w. grs'!l ~ 1 in 6' 6" Strong and 0'51)" f 2i J2 20 20 3 10'92 o 46 12 29'52 51 Fixed 12 12 11'91 9'79 2'21 Wood plug. - pty, ~ I Enfield, No, 1 C- ~ fu";Y;' ,. - 3 11'28 o 43 54 12'67 10'66 1'55 " " " " " " "" " o 3 Enfield, No. 2 • S Jff'OO't'eI - 2 S'40 o 42 30 ., lJ'47 9·lt8 2'05 I'J:j I In 6'6" " " "" " " " " " • 4 Enfield, No. 2 C- Tfn';Y;' - 2 7'92 o 42 48 ., 13'06 10'67 1'~5 o " 'r " " " " " " " " . ~ 3~... t::j 5 Enfield, No, 8 - If~ ,. - 2 14'52 o 42 42 12'71 9'14 2'90 Z " " " " " " " " " :> 6 Enfield, No.8 C• ~ ., 2 7'44 o 44 42 12'02 9'91 2'09 I " """ - " " " '1 Z 8lr"OOyn " n. 7 Enfield, No, 4 • 1 in 6'6" Increuing, - 2 18'60 o 44 0 50 12'76 10'90 1'30 tr:1 " blowing bard " " " " " " "" rn 8 Enfield, N <1. 4 C• ~ fn'r:,~ in guata. - - 2 9'24 o 47 36 12'43 10'4S 1'55 t%J " " " " " " " tof 8_yn " " " 9 Enfield, No, 5 Variable - 3 11'04 o 45 18 11'29 9'76 2'35 tr.l - T"1ii"76H from S.W, " " " " n " to S. " " " " " t-3 10 Enfield, No, 5 C- ~~ I - 3 ' S'52 o 40 48 18'30 12'00 1'30 " " " " " " " " " " C 11 Enfield, No. 1 C- : fn":,Y;' - 2 7'60 o 48 IS t, 12'01 10'65 1'45 o " .~ " " " " " "" " a:: 12 Enfield, No, 1 B- 17:;';- - 2 7'56 o 46 54 ll'S6 11'62 0'60 a: " " " " " " " " " " 1-1 18 Enfield, No. 2 B• ~ fn6,Y;~ - 2 7'20 o 51 42 11'03 9'S8 2'30 ~ " " " ~ /_~ " " " " " " " !:J:j 14 Enfield, No.2 C- ~ fn":,Y;' ,. - 2 10'OS o 4.7 12 ., 12'64 11'09 1'10 " " "" " " " "

COMPARISON.

!\lean Radial !\lean Angle, Rill.. DeYiation, !\lean n.!aectioa, :rlleA", 0 I " Feel. Enfield . BIfI'OO..... 12'69 0 S - - nnWfl" 44 2'16 , Enfield, C• 8'88 0 43 J. St. Ge7:~lidebt, . - r"f;tn 56 1'62 .. TABLE, No, 2, c,..) RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS with the undermentioned Competitive Large Bore Riflee, 27th January 1862, '9 Precision with Clean Arms,

Point Point of Mean AbIolnle Ammuaition. ~ Shoulder aimed at. Impact. Diatance of ...0 Strength Number Number Namber 'Number Figure .: Deacription and Number of Angle ~ Point ofMnn Ranle. and Direction of of of of of or Impact l.: Rifie. Weight and of Elevation. S I from Point e~ of Wind. Diameter Powder. Shota. Hita. ~ Triall. Merit. ~ F"1Xlld Reat. Hor·lvert. :Hor. Vert. Jpo ;i!:4E-< aimed at. of Bullet. C:l I o DrIJflU. , Z YartU. IncAu. , 0 P,et. Peet. :n,t. F"t Fltt. 0 I • 15 fo"6~~ S.B. 530 W,"J' JI 44 12 rn Enfield, No, 8 C • : 300 0'06' 121 20 20 - 2 9'00 o 4.8 48 30'!9 Fixed 12 10'00 12'62 I'M ~ Light Breese. Wood plug. Freehened J 16 Enfield, No.8 B. ~ 2 10'20 o 47 36 11'28 12'08 0'92 ~ at 2 I'.K•• " " - " " ~ " and variable " " " , " " 17 Enfield,. No. 4. B- ~ f.i'V·3~ from ,. 2 9'12 o 47 24. 11'07 11'67 1'00 ::: " S.E. to S' " " " - " " " " " rn 18 Enfield, No, 4. C· &lid by E. 2 9'84 46 6 10'46 10'S6 1'90 ,.. f-Fn':';: ., - o ,- '- " " " " " " " " "'%j / 19 Enfield, No, 6 C- ~ fa";';,~ ,. - 3 12'72 o 4.8 36 12'16 0'15 2'S5 " " " " " " " " " .....~ 20 Enfield, No, 6 B• ~rn';;,~ ,. - 3 8'02 o 4.6.18 ., ,. 11'69 10"64. 1'06 ~ n " " " " " " " t-' .!~.~ 1-1 (.>:l 21 Enfield, No, I D· 6 7'92 42 30 ll'U 11'56 0'95 110 of' - o " " " " " "- " " " " oZ 22 Enfield, No. 1 A· 6r::,"" ,. - 6 6'72 o 46 6 12.12 12'70 0'75 J " " " " - " " " " " ~::,,:," d 28 Enfield, No, 2 A _ 6 ,. - 6 7'92 o 4.8 12 40 li'I4 11'88 0,20 ~ " " " " " " " " 24. Enfield, No, 2' D• 6;':;.. 6 6'48 ' 0 43 48 ., 11'47 11'72 0'60 rn " ~ " " " " - " " ." " a;;: 26 Enfield, No.8 D· 6::a:,'!! - 6 S·64. o 45 4.2 87 11'22 11'76 0'86 > " " " " " " " "" ~ 26 Enfield, No. 3 A. 6[';';;;," - 6 7'32 o 49 12 11'56 10'94. 1'25 " , " " " " " " " " " > ::t' a:: CO~PAJlI80lf, en,

),fean Radial RilIeL Mean Angle. Mean DelIectiOD. DniatiOD. ~ Inclia. , Fltt, • II 6J1TOOY" Enfield, C• . • 1 io flfi' 9'84. 0 4.7 48 1'77 ~ J, 8t. G8OJ'ge, Enfield. B• . 61'00'" 8'02 0 4.7 56 1'25 ~\ - Tin5'-a" President. ~ " TAHLE No.3. - ~ t,) RESULTS of EXPERUIENTs,with the undermentioned Competitive Large Bore Rifles, 28th January 1862. - Precision with Clean Arms. ,

.: Point Point of Mean Abeolute 'a Strength Ammunition. Number Number Deecription and Number I Number Number Figure Angle B Shoulder aimed at. Impact. Diotauce of R~e. and Direction of !i ~ Point of Mean .!'il of of of of of .f u 0 or of Rille. Weightaud Impact S":: :; I ~ Z ... Wind. Diameter Powder. Shots. hits. Mi8llel. TrialL Merit. Elevation. Fixed Beet. Hor. Vert. Hor. ,"ert. from Point of Butlet. l!... aimed at. -- --- J -- YariU. --- ! Dram•. Inchu. I 0 Feet. Feet. Feet. Feet. Feet. & groo... 0 . 0 27 Enfield, No, 4. A - ~ 300 S.E. 630 grs. '} i JI O'b5" 2 20 20 - 6 7'6S o 37 30 80'28 40 Fixed 12 12 11'87 11'81 0'25 F....h and ~ EIND 5&,roo••• variable to Wood plug. 28 4' 1~'41 nfte d, 0, 4 - lIn II So .. ... 8'88 o 39 .I8 ,; ;, ;; 11'60 0"68 ""d Cloud.. with " " " " " " o ~ rain. 29 Enfield, No.5 D- I, - 7'08 o 41 6 12'29 10"60 1'42 " After 2 P.M•• " " " " " " " " " ~ II 1 N A 5&,roo... tine. 30 En e d, o. 5 - i1ifr - g'2-! o 46 36 12'03 11"~2 O'4S o " " " " " " " " " Io!j .!~t4~ " " 81 Enfield, No. 1 A - - 8'52 o 45 24 47 11'88 12'09 0'16 " " " " " " " " o &r:::~ " " ~ 32 Enfield, No, 1 n - , fa - 7'32 o 41 36 12'09 11 '51· O'SO C' , . " " " " " " " " ~"::' " " " 2: 33 Enfield, No, 2 D- & I, - 9'1.2 o 44 0 50 11'81 10'SS 1'14 " " " " " " " " > 5~::' " 2: 84 Enfield, No.2 A _ - 9'36 o 48 12 13'08 11'36 1'28 " I~ " " " " " " " " " " ~ Enfield, No, 3 A - & rr:~ 35 " - 9'48 o 42 42 ,. 11'31 12'02 0'70 UJ " " " " " " " " " -~ 36 Enfield, No. 3 D· & ~::," - 7'68 o 41 IS II 11'02 12'29 0'30 " " .. " " " " " " " t':j 37 Enfield, No.4 D. o~:~~ I - 6'96 o 40 12 Jl 11 "73 11'86 0'70 ~ " " " " " " " " 51~";" -r " " 88 Enfield, No, 4 A- 6'12 o .3 6 11'22 11'8S 0'96 n " " " " " - " " " " " ". o Enfield No. 5 A _ 5I1'roo.... - t( 89 - S'SS o 46 54 11'44 11'45 ' 1m .' " " " " " " " " 't " " 0'75 a:: 40 Enfield, No, 5 D- 5f:0;," - S'40 o 41 18 I, ,. 11'98 11'06 0'95 ::3 " " " " " " " " " .....:j t;rj ts;:I COIIPARISON-FIRST. COIIPAIUSOX -SECOND, MEAIt OF Two COKPARlSONS, ,I , Mean Radial Riflea. Mean Angle. Meau Mean Radial Meall Deviatioo. Dellection. Ril1el. Mean Angle. Rill... MMa I I De..i.tlOIl.. I Deflection. De..iatieo. I . . - Incku. c I Fed. Illcke,. . 0 - I Feet. lracllz,. Enfield, A - 5 f.:0:," 7'77 0 44 31 O'SS E fi Id A 5IlToo... • 11 e, - -riD1' S'47 0 44 15 0-76 Enfield, A •. af:~;!. 8'12 A Kroo,•• 7'SO 0 EnD. Id, D & grOOTe. ~'R9 Enfield, D· I in 4' .2 28 06S e -llil'" 0 41 40 0'7S Enfield, D- &I~:·· 7'S4

J. St, George, President, .. TABLE No, 4, C".) ~ RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS with the unucrmentioned Compctitive Large Bore Riflcs, 29th January 1862,

Precision with Clean Arms,

.: Point Point of Mean AbIOlute Ammunition, Angle B Shoulder aimed at. Impact• Diltan<-e of 'S Strength Number Number Number NllJIlber Figure • II Deeniption and Number 8 Point of Mean Range. and Directiou of of of of of of of j 0 or Impact of Ri1Ie. Weight and ~ ~t Dilmeter Merit. EleTalion. e Fised Rest. Ror. Vert. Hor, Vert. from Point ;i!:4~ Wind. Powder. Shota. Hia. Mille8. Tri.l.. o of Bunet. l:Q• ~ aimed at. ------~ -- - - [neAe,. 0 I 0 0 Feet. Feet. Feet. Feet, Feet, YarlU. 530 grs.· Drarru. . ~ ~~::~, S.W, 110 ~o 6 8'76 o '8 48 1I0-lilS4 '0 Filled 12 12 11'96 12'78 0'70 41 Enfield, No. B I - 866 Rtrong Breeze. 0':55" 1121 JI - Wood plug. ~ Squally. f 11'96 10'27 1'76 ~ ~.~- IJ 11'76 43 24 Enfield, 1 - ~, with Rain. - o ~ 42 N., D I1D.f.' " " " " " " " " " rL:. 43 42 12'66 11'60 0'83 43 Enfield, N~, D 2 - 6 r;::;!- - ,. 0'72 o " " " " " " " " " ~ " 11'99 10'92 1'08 44 Enfield, No. B 2 - ~ ra;; - 9'12 038 U " " " " " " .~ " " " " " ...... 9'00 o 42 54 60 U!-40 18'02 1'10 46 Enfield. No, B 8 - ~fn";~~ " - " = o " " " " " " " " t3i fl~~ 7'08 04454 12'01 11'97 0'08 ~ 46 Enfield, No. D 3 - 6 " - " " " " ~ " " " " " " -~ II 12~40 11'03 1'06 47 Enfield. No. D 4 _ 6 ~~,,:," ., - 7'32 o 41 30 " " " " " " " " " " 6 groo.... 42 42 11'98 12'01 0'02 6 48 Enfield, No. B ,- 1 in 5'3" - 7'32 o ~ " " " " " " " " " " " 61"J'OO"6 11'03 12'61 00 ~ / 10'92 o 43 24 54 JJ o'n; 49 Enfi!'lld, No. B - 1 in lY 1', ,. 'J - 11 " " " " " " ~ 6 groo... 9'00 o 40 36 12'05 11'78 0'24 > 10 Enfield, No, D I> - \""1ii"r ,. " - " " " " t"C DIsc: " " " " " r- f~-F (Boucber) 18 12 6 ,. Enfield, No, E 1 - 1f ., DiaUl. O'&i4 " " " > " }. * { ::c ,~ Se"ice 18 ,. ~ Enfield, No. D 3 - & ::'::-,. - , Diam.O-M" " " " " " ~ - - - rn ~ Not taken i firing ..il~ and d.ngeroUl; practice dilCOntiDlMll. COMPARISON,

Mean Radial ....D Mean Deflection, Rillea. I l>eTiatioD, I Angle. Incht,. 0 I . Feet. . 6 groovrl\ ~ 43 0'73 Enfield - - ~ 0'02 0 18 , Enfield - . . ~I 8'98 I 0 42 49 0'78 J, St, George, President. ~~ '" TABLE No, 5. ":I ~ iU8ULT8 of EXPERIMENT8 with the undermentioned Competitive Large Bore RUles, 30th January 1862. Precision with Clean Arms.

Point Point of Mean Abtlolute Ammunition... Number ·Number ~ St",agth Number Number Figure Angle Shoulder aimed at. Impact. Distance of n-riptioa IJId Numm -- Point of MeaD Range. IJId Di_tioa of of of of of of of or J1! ofRih. Weightaad Impact e~ Wiad. Diameter Powder. Shota. Hita. Mi-. Tria1L Merit, Elevanoa. I I FWdReJt, Hor, Vert. Hor, Vert. from Point Z~ of Bullet. ~ ~ aimed at,

Drtmu. , ;; lMAe., 0 • 0 0 ~ • YarcU, 580~, FHt. Fed, FHt, PHt, Feet. 63 LancBster, No, 1 - 800 W. 0"56' } 21 Ji 20 20 - 6 9'84 - 0 87 80 29'766 52 Fixed 12 12 18'01 11'02 1'40 o - Fresh. Wood plug. ~ 64 Enfield, No. D 1 • .!r=": - 8'04 o 51 48 12'81 11'74 0'40 o " " " " " " " " " " " ~ 65 Enfield, No. D 2 _ Il ::,~es 'I- - 7'56 o 48 64 ., 10'91 12'28 1'10 o " " " " " . " " """ ::c ~ 66 Lancaster, No, 2 - - ,. - 9'36 o 41 24 12'71 11'82 0'74 z " " " " " " " " " " > 67 Lancaster, No.8 - ,. 8'02 o 46 0 11'86 12'19 O'G8 z - ~ " " " " - " " " o I. . " " " trj 6S Enfield, No. D 8 - ~~ .+- S'134 o 49 12 11'76 12'66 - " 0'70 Ilgmo_ " "" " " " " " " " rn 69 Enfield, No. D 4 - lIn" ., - 9'00 o 42 18 ,. 11'41 10'02 2'05 t%j " " " " " " " " " ~ 60 Lancaster, No.4 - - ., - ,. 9'36 o 47 80 10'48 i 12'88 1'55 (j " " " " " " " " " ""':3 61 Lancaster, No, 5 - ,,' - 9'12 o 41 24 ,. 11'82 10'79 1'25 - " " " " " " " " " (j 62- Enfield, No, D 5 - Ilf::," - 7'82 o 48 42 11'78 10'44 1'60 o " " " " " " " " " " a: " a= - For Targets Not. 63 t~ 92, vide Tablet 24, lUi, 26. ""':3 -""':3 ~ COMPARISON.

MeaD Radial RifteI, Mean Angle, De...iatioa, JlreIJI DeftectiOll.

/JICAM. 0 • . FHt, 0Tal Lancaster -- - I:liO.. 9'24 0 42 21 1'12 'JIOO"I Enfield, D - . - l"Jjj"T S'l1 0 47 10 1'17 J. St, George, President. ... TABLE, No, 6. ':.>J 1.0. RESULTR of EXPERIMENTi'I, with the undennentioned Competitive Large Bore Rifles, 5th February 1862. Precision with Clean Arms.

I .: Point Point of Mean Absolute .... Strength __ A:l~unili~~. __ umber INumber Number INumber Figure Angle ~ Shnulder aimed ~t. Impact. Distance nf o Description nnd Number i: ~ ~ ~of_ Range. and Direction of of of of of .8i of RiJle. Weight and of I of 8 or I Impact S !i Wind, Diameter Powder, I Shob. Hito. Miuetl, Trials, Merit. Elevation, I Jl ,Fixed R...t., liar. Vert. Hor. Yert, from Pnint iE-oI : ofBulJet. I ~ I I J Eo< -'- 1 1 aimed at, o I o , Z YartU. Dram" I [nelle" o o IFeel" Fed. Feet. Feet, Feet, 3 groove8 r:n 93 Enfield. No. 1 • -lio6'6'7 500 W, 530 grs·l1. "1 J2 i 20 20 6 IS'96 1 46 6 130'096 I 53 Fixed! 3'50 :W'OO 1'2'15 11'36 12'05 Strong and 056" J - i ~ gu.ty. 00 94 Enfield, No, 1 C• ~groov.. ., l I ,. 24'36 1 46 18 6'00115'00 U'84 10'34 7'45 ~ 1 in 6' 6'1 " " " " "I" " 95 Enfield, No.2 C• !.i grooves 1 45 18 1'2020'25 9'46 I 14'31 10'10 a:: 1 io 6'6" ,. 19'44 r:n " " " "I" " 3I(1'OOv,. " " i , 96 Enfield, No. 2 -~ IS'48 1 43 12 1'2520'25 11'141 11'73 12'90 o " " " " " " " " ~ 3 groav.. ... " 1 fJ7 Enfield, No.3 - llri6'o" 22'20 1 52 12 3'00 15'00 10'56 10'89 8'60 =:d " " " " " " " \ " " ~ 51<1OOv" 0'92 Q8 Enfield, No.3 C- '1'-06'6" 14'40 1 49 24 ., 2'00117'25 9'29 10'25 ~ " " " " " " " " ~ 5 ir1'OOl"el I 99 Enfield. No.4 C 22'20 1 51 IS 9'00116'00 13'il 12'12 : 6'10 Z - Ti'iib'""ii" I " y " " " "" I o 3 grooveB " " " t:1 100 Enfield. No. 4 1 44 18 1'50117'25 ] 1'66 10'S2 11'95 - -110-6'-6" " " " " " " 20'40 " " " d 3 grooves ~ 101 Enfield, No, 5 ff ,. 18'96 1 40 18 9'00115'00 11'47 12'14 3'75 - llnefti ,. " 5 groav.. " " " " "I" 00 I 102 Enfield,N0, 5 C - -1 Tri6'li" 10'96 1 45 6 3'0018'90 11'27 10'49 11'00 ~ " " " I " " 5 groav.. " " " " >­ 108 Enfield, No, 1 C• 1 45 24 15'62 13'88 4'05 lin 0' 6" ,. 13'08 ,. I" to·•• ItO.•• t"" " " " " " t:"' 5graoveo " 104 Enfield, No, 1 B - -f1DF3iT 12'72 1 44 36 12'0012'00 14'77 12'01 2'79 ~. " " " " " " "I" " -I rs: COHP.uueoN, rn

lIIean Radial • Rift... Deviation, )lean Angle. Mean DeftectioD.

Ine!lt" o , I Feet, Enfield S grOav••! -fiudT0'7 10'80 1 45 13 11'85 ~e·,i1 ~.~ Enfield, C 19'27 1 47 29 6'08 J. St, George, 1 In 0' 6" ! President. TABLE, No.7. ~ 0\ llESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the unc1ermentioned Competitive Large Bore Rifles, 6th Februa'ry 1862. Precision with Clean Arms. ~ .Ammunition, I I 1.: Ii,Poi,nt Point of Meau I b80lute Strength Number Number Number! Number Figure. Angle'" ~ Shoulder I n,wee nt, Impact. I D..tnnee of 'Cl Description anu Numher of Ei I '------. ------Point of Mean ... , Range, and Direction of ;:; "'~ Weight and of of of i of of of 'i' 8 or i Impact .c", Hifle, E f!J Wind. Diam~ter Powder, Shob!, Hits. IIIIisses, II Trials, ~lerit, Elevation, ~ 11 Fired Rest,\', Hor. \ Vert, Hor, Yelt, fl'~m Point :l oS I I I I ~to< , I of BUllet. &l to< a. mcd at. I :=; ,.- I I 530 .,aiUI Dram8. Inche8 0 I' 0 , I: L'eet :Jleet, I Feet. I Feet. I Feet, ~ :5 ron"''''' W at • I" fl co • I 105 Enfield, B 2 - • -'-"-,,..,..,.. 500 L' It B' ! 055" )1 2~ J' 20 20 - 6 14"76 1 43 12 30'0241 49 : Fixed 12 12 10'79 11'74 125 '"0 1 IU ,. , .g I ruze, IWood Plug, I 106 E fi,ld C" ~~roov.. , " II I • 11'10 6'3 o n c, _- ~ -1 in" 6'-t"" c ~J JJ " 'J J' -" 17 76 ] 5. 42" " ,. II )' ] 2 31 :> ~ • b ~roov" ~ 107 Enfield, C 3 • - 'j-rri6'6" " -,_I~c: .. " ., "- .. 21'12 I 40 18.. " .. I" " 10'73 10"97 4'~5 ~ ..-~ j.!TOOVt'1i r. .... o lOS Lnfield. B 3 • - I'in'# " . 1 .."" . ,. - .. 13'08 I 45 12 I " .. :, 6 " 11'67 12'61 I ,.'/0 ~ 1 , 'I I 109 Enfield. D 4 • - 'J" !-"'~;3ei:'1 " ,...".. - ., 14'40 I 45 54.. 50 .. " .. 10'27 11'89 4'30 o Inll N.W. ' I ;:;:l 110 Enfield. C 4 • - ~ ~;;'~,~" Fresbenillg, " " ., " -" 16'44 I 52 36" .. """ 11'47 10'70 0'65 c . _ 5 J.,"rOOYCll .~. J : 111 Enfielu,C" - '-lin'6"/;"" 'I """"- ", 16'08 14536.. .. " .... 12'17 11'15 6'25 z ~roo_v~J ".~ > r.; !J_ I .. 112 ~, Z Enfield, B ,) -- -1 'Ill :i" "• 12'96 I 45 0 I.. " "!" .. 10',71 11'83 4,'/5 n ~ ATOOVea 't' ,'. ,.'" ""-" • 113 Entield,AI -- -li04'-" ,," ...... - ., 17°28 I 4842" " ,. " .. 1266 1108 6'70 tJ:j .5 R'rooyf', ~.-:- I 114 fi d D 5'45 00 En el. I•- 1-llIf- " .",.. ,. - " 15'24 I 48 12" " "I" .. 11'21 i 13'50 tJ:j " 6 g",:,on.f'S ... ~ 11'5 Entield,D2 •- Jill4' ,. N .. " .. "- .. , 15'48 I 4348.. 47 .. " 12'88! 10'17 7'15 I "I C1':l 5 Rrooye~ 116 Enfield, A 2 - --1 i;-,-'.a' - Light. 16'68 I I 48 42 12 14'22 11'10 2'35 n " I " " ,. " t-3 5 J:r()o'Vf"~ 1°92 117 Enfield, A 3 -~ ,. ,. I ,. ,. 17'76 47 54 I .. 46 13'81 12'74 n :) groOftl II 118 En6eld, D 3 .. -1 in 4'- 14'52 47 54 J5-00 ! I J'86 3'00 o .. ,. " I " 5 Jr]"OOVf'9 12'56 2'45 s= 119 Enfield. D 4 -r~n4'- \t ., 16'92 43 18 14'39 I' ~ - ) "I 1J " " -120 5,lCroovt's 13-52 11'86 1'55 Enfield, A 4 . -iin4' ,. ., " II 12'96 38 54 I " " " JrroO\"1?'5 11'26 1'50 ~ 121 Enfield, A " - -ITn-.,· .. 18'48 62 18 45 13'21 " r " ~ 5 grooves '\ " " " " I i 13°56 11'64 1'60 122 Enfield, D;3 .. 1---.nT \, .. 14'76 40 24 ,. .. " I" .. I " " " " "

COIlIPARlSON, cmIPARISON. ,-_._-- I Mean Radial Mean Mean Radial lIIean Rifles. Mean Angle. Rille•• Deviation. Deftection, Deviation, Menn Angle, I Deftectinn, ---, I '1 I JlIche" Fe~t, !nehe" Feet, ~~n~l o , " ~ ~",O'f" I /I Enfield, C• .. 16'90 ) 49 7 0'43 Enfield. A• - 1iIi4'- 16-65 4i 18 2'80 1 inti'I;"1 I J. St, Georg~, 6 arno\'f'I I ~" I Freaideot. Enfield, B "iihTTF1 13'68 44 46 3'76 EDAeld,D - -nii4'- 111'3S 44 43 I 3'93 TABLE, No.8. ... RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Competitive Large Bore Rifle!!, 7th February 1862. ~ t.O Precision with Clean Arms. ------_.- . I I .: Pllint l'oint 01 :\lrau A !lsoluto aimed at. Impart, Distance 0 Ammunition. Numbtr ~umber Figure I Angle !:! Shoulder Strength Number INumber :i ~ Puint of lIJron ~ of of Descrip,tion and Number of and Direction of of of of of Impart Range, Weight and e ~ or I I t...: Elev~tion, HIlr. frmn Point .c .. Rifle. p~ ..der. ,Shots, Him• Trials, !\Ierit. "e .. Fixed Rest, I Hor, \'ert'l I Vert, S OIl Wind, Diameter Mu..e.. i ~ t: aimed at. zr,." :a of Bullet, Feet, Feet, Inche" 10 , o Peet. I Feet, Feet. Yard., 530 grain. 1 Dram', 30~21 3-l Fixed 1~ 12 9'1:.! 12'66 2'U5 o 5 grooves N.E. 20 I .20 6 14'52 !1 49 til 123 Enfield. B 1 -l~ 500 0'55" f 26 J' ~ Wood Plug, 3'15 :; groovt>1 11'52 11 65 36 ,. 9'58 Frelh, 9'8J I 00 124 Enfield, D 1 - ,-iiil4'"' II " I " " ~ " " 36 18 13'63 1l'76 4'25 5 Kfl,)()\'f'! Strong, 19'20 11 50 12 t;3 1116 Enfield, D 2 • 11il-r- II I" " " " " " 13'78 JI'74 I 4'22 t-3 :> .-roo"CI 12'72 48' 12 ~ 126 Enfield, B 2 .. 1 io:l3" u I " " " " 13'31 13'82 5'00 5,TOOl'e. Very strong 17'28 49 30 ., a= " I II 00 127 Enfield, B 3 ... -liD~5' 3/t and gUlty. " " 14'18 11'71 3'82 5I1roo... 15-48 49 18 ,. ,. 128 EoIield, D 3 - ' 1 !tl4' ~, I " " o 14'06 12'12 3'94 ":zj 5 gtoovea ,. 23"76 43 18 38 129 Eaield, n 4 - 'ytiIT ,. " I " ~ 5 groove. J4'40 49 12 13'63 12'20 4'S7 .. ·J--1ilIY3,i ,. 130 Enfield, B 4 " I " " ~ " " 15'00 12'60 3'05 - 6 groons 12'24 11 47 0 ~ 131 Enfield, B 5 ... '1~hi-61-3,i " I Jt " " " " " " 14'86 11'25 3'25 I; groo't'eI 14'04 11 42 18 'n ,. ~ t1 II I ,. I' - 132 Enfield, D 5 -~I- " " 13'25 12'45 4'78 Q lo.:l fl; «rooTea ,. 14'64 11 48 36 37 Enfield, B 1 " 133 - T'fii""07"i" " "I " ITj 0..1 21'60 11 39 12 14'97 1l'76 3'08 ~ " o 134 Lanllllllter, 1 .. V " " 1 " " ~ " " 16'81 1'40 0'1'&1 ,. 17'64 I I 39 48 36 12'79 136 LIUle:uter, 2 -~ " I" " " 00 5,rroovel " ,. 15'96 1 38 18 12'04 13'45 6'\0 ~ 136 Enfield, B 2 - 1 in:r' 3" "I" " " " W'07 14'14 2'80 :; ,rOO"l." , 15'12 I 47 42 ,~ > 137 Enfield, B 3 ... -finW~' II .. ., I ,. . " .. " ~ O.al 21'12 I 42 12 ,. 14'51 13'06 3'65 138 Laneuter,3 ... lin3' If I" " " " " 13'06 1'8:; 0•.1 20'52 1 41 12 33 16'48 ~> 189 Lancaster, 4 - llii'a-- 'J JJ I" " " " .' 12'91 10'48 :;'30 !7 I) groan. Frelh. IS'6il 1 49 6 ..... 140 Enfield, B 4 ... li[l~/3'" " I " " " UJ " 1'20 6 grool'el 18'114 11 53 54 12 11'36 1l'02 Light breeJe. n I ., .. 141 Enfield, B Ii - 1 in 3' 3'1 .. " " " " Oval 20'88 II 41 12 18 10'71 9'98 2'35 a2 Laneuter,5 - 1 in 3' " " '" I" " COMPARISON, COMPARISON. Mean Radial Mean Mean Radial Mean Mean Angle. Mean Angle. RiBes. Deviation. Defteerion, Rift.., De.iation. Deflection, ~ Feet, Feet, °IIIche" o J I. Incher, , " 0\-&1 20'85 I 40 43 4'03 5 g roOV.. \ 48 8 3'68 Lane:uter • -~' Enfield, D -~ 16'80 J. St, George, 51t~::e. ! lo:) ~ 15·65 . 47 31 2'45 Ple~idt'nt. !l grooves I 14'23 48 36 S'91 Enfield, B• - TilIYFI '! Enfield. B• • -i-in:)1 3".\ TABLE, N-o. 9. l.J OQ RESULTS of EXPERlMEMS, with the undermentioned Competitive Large Bore Rifles, 10th February 1862. Precision with Clean Arms. ~"1 Ammunition, I Point Point of Mean Absolute Strength - Number Number Number Number Figure Angle ~ Shoulder Aimed at Impact. Diatance of Deacription and Number ..: .. '! Weilht B --- Point of Mean .. Range, and Direction of of of of of of of or Impact of Rifle, and .. e ,X1i Powder, Hit., Miues, -s e from Point ~S' Wind. Diameter Shot.. TrialI. Merit, Elefttion. .. Fixed Reat, Har,/vert, Har, Vert, of Bullet. j ~ aimed at. lr;foo I ::c I t,r.:l Yard" DrarM, Inclltl, Feet, Feet, Feet, Feet, Fret, I'd a I a 3 groo." 530 gn, o 148 En6eld, NB 1 • N,N.W. 1 ~ 30.~J ~ 12 12'23 11'03 6'23 !In II' G" 800 0'55" 2§ J' 20 20 - 8 30'12 8 6 42 Fixed Light Breeze, Wood Plug, J ~ 8 groo•• 14~ g-u 6'20 Enfield, 0 B 1 - 1 br 11'11" 6 45'72 3 3 18 ,t 10'67 o " " " " " - " " ." " ~ 3 JI'OO." 15'71 8'12 145 Enfield, 0 B 2 - !1ilO'-G"- ,t - 45'36 8 1 42 41 13'21 o " " " , " " :xl 3 " " " I " 146 Enfield, N B 2 • i Ir;;,·~, 13'09 10'31 8'10 o " - " 66'62 3 0 30 " ,t " tt 2: 3 JI'OO•• " " " " " 147 Enfield, N B 8 - U'67 14'25 6'lii > 1 10 II' 11" " " " " - " 40'20 2 68 0 "" " " 2: a JI'OO••' " " (') 148 Enfield, 0 B 3 . 1IiI6'6,,- 13'31 14:40 7'66 " " ,t - 37'32 3 4 36 " " " tr:l 3 poo.... " " " "" 149 Enfield, 0 B 4 . \" 40 16'82 10'26 10'1)5 r.n 1 In ti' 0" ,. - 46'92 3 0 30 " " " " tr:l 8 ITo", " " " " " ~ 150 Enfield. NB 4 - doil'il" ., - 44:76 2 58 6 16'23 9'88 10'60 tr:l " " " " " " " " " " o 3Ire'O .... t-3 151 Enfield, NB 5 - liDO' G" ,. 46'36 3 2 0 ,. 0'28 12'70 3'32 " " " " - " " " " " 3 groo.e. \ o 152 Enfield,O B 5 1 10 il' 0" ,. 31'68 2 56 24 ,t ,. 10'00 16'09 5'70 o - " " - " 3 ITOO•• " " " " " ~ 158 Enfield, () B 1 S'OS U'SI 2'15 - I I" e'If' ., - 50'88 3 8 18 ,t 87 ~ " " " " " " " ~ Ilgrooy.. " 164 Enfield, C 1 tJ 76 8 10 80 12'00 10'29 6'30 J-3 - liDtftJ" - 60' 1 "'":3 " " " " " " " " " I " ~ • tr:l COMPARISON. --- IF LE S. Mean R Radial Deviation. I Mean Angle, I Mean Deflection,

~

Inc!le" • I " F,~/, Enfield, new barrels 45'19 3 0 44 0'S6

Enfield, original barrels 41'75 3 1 18 7'52 J. St. Georg~re8ident, .. TABLE, No. 10. CJ.) RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Competitive La.rge Bore Rifles, 11 th Februa.ry 1862. 19 Precision with Clean Arms.

Ammunition, Point Point of Mean Aimed at, Impact. Absolute Strength NumberINumber NUmbeJNUmber Figll~e Angle ..: Shoulder Distance of k Description Bnd Number :l Point of Mean -0 ..: ., or Range. and Direction of Weight of of of of of of :l a Impact of Rille. 0 Bnd o Wind. Shots, Hits. Mines, Trial., Merit. Elevation. a'" a Filled Rest, from Point ~ Diameter Powder. .,.. Hor, Vert, Hor, Vert. aimed at. Z .. / ~ of Bullet. ~ ~ rn . -< Feet. Feet. Fed, Feet. Feet, ;J:l Yard,. Inelle., 0 , 0 0 DrartU, " ~ 5 grOO'8lI 530 gn. t:I:j 165 Enfield, C 2 . 800 w. O·:W' } 2b J2 20 20 6 40'48 2 58 ,(8 30'304 44 Fixed 6 12 15'21 12·87 9'30 1 In-li'ir' - s= Wood plug. rn 3 ~rooTe. 14'72 13'37 8'22 156 Enfield,2 • ~ Light Breeze, - 36'48 3 1 6 o - " " " " " " " " " " " Io%j ~ 3 grOOTe. 137 Enfield,3 • .~ 34:08 2 56 6 13·16 9'88 7'45 - lin-O'G,i " " " " - " " " " " " Io%j " -t"'" 5 groo.... 158 Enfield, C 3 41'04 2 59 42 11·62 ]2'22 5'64 - - IlnG/6" - " " " Z t' " ~ " " " " " " " o ~ 5 groo.... K ~ 139 Enfield, C 4 36'96 2 59 18 43 1]'07 13'21' 5'20 - lin II' 6" - " " " o " " " " " " " ::t' 8 groo.... ]00 Enfield,4 • . 65 0 16'74 U'86 11'10 rn -lin II' 6" " . " " " " - " 47'52 2 " " " " " ~ ;;> 3 groo'8lI 9'57 11'32 3'68 t"'4 161 Enfield, 5 • - llDII' 11',- 39'12 2 b5 0 " " " " " - " " " "" " t"'4 :> 5 gr

Mean Mean Deflection. RIFLES, Radial Deviation, Mean Angle. ~ Inch". 0 , If Feet. Enfield, C • • . • . 5(0'00"" 40'65 lJ 0 58 7'02 ~ I iDU'U", , '\ 8 llTOovt!l J, St, George, I-.:l ~i Ellfield . . . . 41'61 2 46 6 6'64 ~ - - -ffno' 6"-: Pr~ident. ~ : TABLE, No. ll.--,RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Competitive Large Bore Rifles, 12th February 1862. Co.:. 9 Precision with Clean Arms. . • " Ammunition, , .: I.Point I Point of Mean I Ab.olute ... Description and Number Strength Number Number Number Number Figure Angle .: ~ I Shoulder aImed at. Imp~~ Diotall"" of ~ Range. and Direction of , ~ of of of of of of -t ~ or ., ,Point of "lean ~ .J of Rifte. ' Weight 8 8 11lll'Het 8 ~ Wmd. & Diamete Powder. Shots. Rib!. ~Hsse8, Trials. Merit. I Elevation. e t: Fixed Rest. ·Hor, Vert, I Hal'. Vert. I from Foint Z... of Bullet. I &!l t: I aimed at. ------~ ------. ------,------.------r- roo••• I Yard,. I, Dram,. Inche,. I 0 ,,, 0 I 0 'I Feet, Feet. I Feet, Feet. i Feet, 163 Enfield, C 1 - -'1 in 0' 0" 800 W. I" ~300~~n. } 21 J2 20 20 - 6 24'00 3 0 (j 30'094 44 Fixed' 6 12 14'66 11'94 I 8'66 ~ groo\'e. Light breeze. Wood plug. ,. I ,. 'I . .. 164 Eufield, B 1 - - lin .\' 3"- " I",,,,,,, -" 2664 2 51 54" ,. I" "" 1074 1001. 51a ~

:ii a-roO\"es .. • I ..r: I l'd 165 Enfield, B 2 • ~' 6'85 -I lu 3"-" .!-O """"-" 2772 2 54 36" "I" "" 12 82 11 ,,8 I Iod l66 l!:nfield. C 2 • l'i grooves • o - Tino'"ii"1 " """" -" 38 16 3 6 12,. "I" " "\ 13'03 13'29, 7·1:1 ~ 167 Eufield, C 3 • ..... - ~g~ " """" - " 37'80 3' 4 42" " ,. "" 11'07 11'55 I 5'10 IID6'0" ~ I 168 Enfield, B 3 - o - .: I':;':;~- " ...:;- . '" """- .. 24'60 2 59 36 " '" ., 12 I .. 11'02 12'30 1'00 ~ 169 Enfield, B 4 • ~ i " 34'92 2 54 42.. "" 6 12'23 9'45 6'70 o - fn';T; ., I"""" - " :::c 170 Enfield, C" - - ~ l!1OO..!..-" ",,"" - i " 34'32 3 0 48 11'41 J In 6" 6" 9'40 5'95 t:1 [; ~rooV(,A " " " 171 Enfield, C 5 - • 1in6T6~1 37'44 2 59 Ii 15'86 9'87 10'00 Z " " " " " " " " " " ~ 172 Enfield, B 5 • 6 A'T"OO'reR - --nn:;;7 " N,W. " " " " 26'64 2 57 12 11'67, 9'11 6'30 Z 5 grooves Light. " " " " " a 173 Enfield, AI. -~ ., 32'88 2 59 36 14'35 8'11 tr;j " " 9'15 ~roove8 " " " " " " " " , 174 Enfield, D 1 - 5 rJJ .. --I in 4,' ,. 22'56 2 55 54 11'76 10'67 5'95 " of, " " tJ:j lS ~rOOVl'l " " " " " " " 175 Enfield, D 2 - -~ 35'52 2 56 48 1250 10'09 " " " " " " " " " 6'80 &; 176 Enfield, A2 - 6 grOOT" n • -I"in-i- " .. 37'44 2 59 0 11'20 12'06 5'30 a groO\'ps " " " " " " " " 1-3 li7 Enfield, A 3 - ~lln4' ,. • 31'92 300 12'1 (\ - " " " " " 15'54 7'10 (') 6 gTOOT'" " 178 Enfield. D 3 - 28'32 2 56 0 ,. 10'75 13041 4'95 o 1 in ...' " ~ " " " " " " " " " ~ 5 RroovPfl 179 Enfield, D 4 - .~ 32'52 2 49 III 43 ., 14'39 9'45 8'70 " " " is:.- 5 groove " " " " " 180 Enfield, A" - 27-72 25448 11'57 15'64 6'60 1-3 - Iln4'- " " " " t-3 5 g'roovps " " " " " " 181 1Enfield, A 6 ­ ,. 24'00 2 55 6 42 13'33 ! 9'88 7-65 tz:j " " " " " " .. tz:j , linTl5[rOOVfltl " 182 EnPeld. D 5 - 31'68 2 48 54 -~I " " " " " " " " " .. I 13'15 i 9'27 7'60

COM PAR ISO N. COM PA H. ISO N.

Mean Radial RI F LES, Mean Angle. Mean Deftection, RIFLES. I\Itan. R~dial Mean Angle. Mean Deflection, Deviation. DeViatIOn, I ---I· I 1------...----1 -, 1---- bIC!l~" o , " Ftet. Incht•. o I /I Ftet. Enfield, C 34'34 3 2 10 7'37 EDfield,~ 30'79 2 57 40 7'10 J. St. Georgt, Enfield, B 28'10 2 115 36 5'20 Enfield, D 30'12 3 II 22 6'78 President. TABLE, 1\0. l'::.-REtit:LTS of EXl'ERDIENTIS, wilh the ullllcrlllenliullcl! CUlllpcliti,'c Large Bure Hille", 13th Februtu'y IH62, .... W \0 Precision with Clean Arms.

•I I Ammunition. I -- .: I ,Point Point of i\lean , Absolute '0 Description nnd Number Strength Number Number Number Numher Figurt Angle i ",;" 7; SllOulder 1_ a'tIled at.! Impact. I ll.i.laJtce of ~ , Range. nnd Direction of Iff r f r f I 2 S I I POint of Mean "S ~ of Rille. ,Weight 0 0 0 0 0 0 I ~ a or Impact " ~ Wind. & Diameter Powder. Shots. Hits. J)!iB5CB. Trials. Merit, Elevation. let Fi~cd Rest.: Hor. Vert. I Hor. Vert. from Point Z.... 1 of Bullet. ; ~ ~ i' aimed at. I~I------~;;: . Ii "ro""," '" DramJI. ------Inche... -u--,-,,--I--o- --0--' -----1--;;;; Feet. F;;;-II Feet. ~ JJ~,_~,;!ns 2~ 2'76 183 Enfield, I_- I ill -I 800 I .Li?,ht. I. J' 20 20 - 6 34'·14 3 0 54 30'14 37 FIXe Enficld, B 2 _ _ '-1 " ~ 2S'J'6 ') 58 '2 ,11'08 10-82 >-<: III 5 " JJ""" -" oW '::t H J) ":" U I 00 "'o':'~':'... 186 Enfield D 2 _ _ Ii ,'J4~" I. I~') ..~3J 0'23 1-3 • I In 4' " ...,.,,, - " 27 36 2 56 " "I"" 11 95 tt::1 !J grUOVCf! 2'35 181 Enfield, D 3 - - I in 4' " "",,' " - " 31'08 2 55 24" """" 14'33 11'78 s=: 00 _5..~roovr., -' 3'80 188 Enfield , B 3 _ _ I Jll5' :," " ..""" ,,28 08 3 0 12" " " IJ I.'" 1544 1050 :> ~oove~ 3'10 o 189 Enfield, D4. - '!inJ' 0" ,. ",,"" - " 30'24 2 53 36 " 39 "I.. "I 13'51 14'77 I"1j li'28 8'93 3'10 190 Enfield D 4 - • Ii ~ruO\'~s 28'32 2 56 24 I :::0 , J IU .. " J-JI""" " " " " " :> crooyes 23'52 2 53 a 40 17'09 !J'31 5'15 191 Enfield, D 5· -" I in 4'- " """" - " " " -~ t:l .. .') .t:rOOV{'M 3 0 18 13'86 i'40 4'49 192 Enfield, B" -- 1""hl51Jil - " """" -" 26'76 ~ ,fl. " " " " - 5 grOf)1i('S 28'08 2 59 42 39 13'08 11'51 1'15 o 193 _Id, HI -- -,-,.. ,',.-" \ " " " " -,,, " " J' " I"1j O\"l1 28'44 2 40 0 ,. 15'10 13'45 3'40 194 Lancaster, I-- lin'3'- " " " " " " " o " " ~ 195 Lancaste<,2· - ~~ 29'52 2 47 6 15'39 9'18 4'40 j Jil 3' " " " " " " " " S :lr':IO'"(>! I" 0'63 10'21 2'90 rn 196 Enfield, B 2· - JT,; ;, j"- ,. 32'04 3 2 36 .. .. :.->' " " , " " " " ..... _.UO\'cS /'­ ~, :~ 16'29 13'!);) 4'75 191 Enfield, n 3 - " .J/~a" ( 29'40 i 2 59 30 :> - .L ill ~-~ " " " " " " " " " t"'l 1,,'69 ll'46 3'75 198 Lancaster, 3 - I~~:~' .. ,. 28'32 2 50 48 t"1 - II " " " " " " " " _ Oml 14'51 15'13 4'05 199 Lancastcr, 4 - 28'41 2 50 36 .. :> jill a/-- " II " " " " " " " " ::c !J ~roOVf'S I, 1O'!J3 11'87 1'10 !;,' 200 Enfield, B 4 - 2,1'00 2 57 12 IJ 1 iu 5' 3" " " " " " " " " " 00 j ~roO'·I·" i I 26'61 259 54 38 18 ,. 13'63 10'68 4'50 201 Enfield, B5 - - -rio -J'-;~" Wind N.E. " I ­ " Light. II " " " " " ~ 0,.1 I.J I 10'38 I 1'85 . 202 Lancnster • .. U ,. ,. 24'96 244'24 - ! ! 12'77 11113' i " " " " " I " "

COM PAR ISO N. COM PAR ISO N. ~. R~dial ~Ilection~ RIFLE S. I\Ican Rallial MeaD Angle. lUean Deflection. ---- RIFLE I Mean, I' Mean Angle. '-:an Deviation. DeViatlOlI. ~ ------_._------o • o I" Inches. Feet. 5 g.roo\,,('1i I Inc/les. Feet. 6 "roo\'"c~ ! 28'03 2 59- 46 2'88 Enfield, D --1 iu{'-! 28'9·1 2t 56 28 2'83 Enfield, B - 1111 ~'ai' I Oval J, St. Geo,'ge, ~ ,f; !!ru(ln'~ w Eilnf_'lu, B 28'13 2 58 8 3'78 Lancasters -TiIl;,'--- 2i'93 2 48 22 3'49 1 ili--:/-~" i President. .... TABLE, No, 13, I' (.-:l.... RESUJ,TS OF E~ERIMENTS, with the unc1ermentioned Competitive Large Bore RiflePo, 14 February 1862. • Precision with Clean Arms. ..- -.l ~ Ammunition, Point Point of Mean Absolute Number Number Number Number Figure Angle Shonlder aimed at. Impact. Eo<.. Strength ..: Distance of Deacription and Number ~ Point of Mean 0 , of of of of of of or - Range. and Direction of Weight a Impact .. ~ 0 of ltifie. and Shots, Hits. Miases. Trials. Merit. Elevation, from Point Jl Wind, Powder, a a IFixed Rest, I a Diameter ~ .. Hor. Vert.' Hor. Vert, aimed at, of Bnllet. ..a.. ;Z;" ll:l &< I i - ~ o 0 , 0 Yard,. Dt'am,. lnc!l.e,. " 0 Feet. F~et. Feet, Feet. Feet, ~ 203 Enfield, 1 3groov.. 1,000 Variable 630 gr., 2~ J2 20 19 1 9 73'20 4 2 6 30'142 40 Fixed 24 12 16'S9 12'95 7'20 · • Tin 6'6" fromE.N.E. 0'55" o Wood plug, "'%j 6groov.. t.oN.N,E. 204 Enfield, C 1 15 5 S6'73 4 754 19'22 12-] 4- 4'iS • Tliili'6',- Light. " " " " o " " " " " " ~ Gamoves 3 6 90'12 4 4 36 IS IS'41 14'31 2'31 20/5 Enfield, C 2 .~ " " " " 17 " "" " t;j 206 Enfield, 2 Sgrooy.. -- IS 0 99'4S 4 2 12 14'27 13'76 4'10 !Z · - Tin 6' 6" ~~~ a & " - " " " " " " " " >~ 3 groo... 9'06 13'80 207 Enfield, :3 · .~ 13 7 " 112'20 4 2 30 " 41 24 10'50 (') " / " " " " " t:rj 20a Enfield, C 3 6 groove. 19 1 62'52 4 7 80 527 1'2'04 lS'SO - 1 In 6'6" " 00 " " " " " " " " ~ 6groo... " 209 Enfield, C 4 .. 1 in 6' 6" 18 2 74'64 4 3 42 38 28 12'78 10'71 15'80 t"I " " " " " " " " tr:l 210 Enfield,4 3a:fOOVelJ 13 7 120'88 4- 12 12 11'68 10'12 ]6'85 o • Tiilif6" , ,. ,. ~ · " " " " " " " " 3 groOl'eII . 211 Enfield, 5 20 - 64'32 3 58 4S ,. 18 13'80 1231 42'2S (') · • Tiiliri!"- " " " " " " " I' 6groo.8I o 212 Enfield, C 5 - -iJ(I"o'6" IS, 2 79'68 4 10 1~ 15'34- 15'20 4'15 I is: " " " " " " " " " " I ~ ~ >-:3 COMPARISON. ~ tr:l tz:l M'ean R IF LE S. Radial Deviation, Mean Angle, Mean Deflection, , IAche,. 0 " Feet. 8 groov.. Enfield . . - . . • Tiiili'6"'" 95'01 4- 3 33 16'74

6~ve. Enfield, C . .. . • 11iI6' 6'" 78'74- 4 6 4-6 706 • JI ..,.. St, Geor.ge, President. ... TABLE, No. 14. ~ ~ RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Competiti'V'e Large Bore Rifles, 17th February 1862. • Precision with Clean Arms,

Ammunition, II Point I Point of Mean I Ab80luQl Strength I----;-----,Number Number Number INumber Figure Angle Shoulder aimed at, Impdct, Distance of l Description and Number 'Point of Mean o Range. and Direction of Weight of of 1of of of of !i., or • of Rl1Ie, and I ­ B Powder, ~FiIed Impact Wind, Diameur Shot.. Hita. MilIIIes. Trial•. Merit. Elevation. Belt, I from Point of Bullet. ~I Hor,/vert.! Hor. I Vert, aimed at, 0 1z i I ~

o ,,, o 00 YI/r/h. Dt-IlWU, IReTte" o Feet, IF,d, I Feet, I FHt, Fe,', I "< 213 1 - 11.000 N.E. 00 Enfield, No. C ::r:;'; 630 grt, 20 19 1 4 6 48 129'5~61 41 Fixed 24'OQ ]2 112'14 113'27 Light rain, 0'55" I} 2} JI 6 60'48 11'95 I 0-3 Wood plug. t;I;:l 6Iroo"". 214 Enfi eld , N0, n 1 - I 111 6'3" » 18 2 60'60 3 49 42 29'00 I' )4'37 16'77 16'40 is: "I" " " " " " en 216 Enfield, No, B 2 - • 20 '; 40'84 3 49 6 24'00 "] 0'83 ]3'92 7'40 II "I" " " " 0 " "'%j 216 Enfield, No. C 2 - - » 12 8 120'48 4 11 36 I' 24'00 " 17'32 16'24 7'45 " "I" " " " 217 Enfield, No, C 3 • - 13 7 115'80 3 57 6 43 24'00 " 14'07 10'38 10'10 :xl "I " 1-4 " " " " " "'%j 218 Enfield. No, B s •- 20 48'72 3 46 36 16'50 " 11'25 14'28 6'65 'I V "I" " " " " t" t;I;:l 219 " 1-4 Enfield. No, B 4 -- . ., ,. I" 60'88 3 43 18 18'00 ., 14'26 16'67 6'85 ~ " " " " " " 220 Enfield, No, C 4, _• II ,. 72'84 3 M 64 46 18'00 " )4'81 8'77 4'65 0 I "I" " " " 221 Enfield, No, C 6 -- 16 4 (J 88'08 3 45 42 18'00 " 1]'27 14'16 7'00 " I" ~ " Calm, " " " " 222 Enfield, No. B 5 • - 20 42'72 3 42 30 ,. 12'00 " 10'19 10'88 2'10 ~ " "I 'I " " " " 223 Enfield, No,.A. 1. 5~:'! 36'28 3 43 12 12'00 17'~2 00 JJ ,. I " " " " " " " " 14'63 6'80 := 224 Enfield, No, D 1 - 51rr;;:~e:. 45'00 3 46 24 ]2'00 " ,12'00 111'85 0'19 I > " "I" " " " " " " c-' t" Target, 24' X 24.' >- COMPARISON. :xl ~

Mean rn RI PL E S, Radial Deviation, :Mean Angle, Mean DelIection.

IJlClI,., '! , /I Feel, . .!-~ 13 8'21 Enfield, C . . .. • liD ' 98'46 8 59 . 5llftlOVei 8 46 7'28 Enfield, B . . . • liD 5' a" 49'75 14 ~ J~ St, George, ~~ l'residen t, ~ TABLE, No, 15, ~ ~ lbsuLTS or ~XPEBDlEN'TS, with the undermcntioned Competitive Large Bore Rifles, 18th February 1862, Precision with Clean Arms,

Ammunition, Point Point of Mean Absolute l Strength NUmbeJ Number Number NumbeJ Figure Angle ~ Shoulder aimed at. Impact. Distance of E-< Description and Number ., ...0 Weight .: Point of Mean Range. and Dlrectlon of of of of of of ~ a or .. ., 0 Impact .8 of Rille. and of Wind. Diameter P01fder, Shots. Hitl, 1I1isH., Trlala, Merit, Elevation, a ~ Fl:a:edReat, from Point e· Cll Hor. Hor. Vert. ~ · ofBullet. Vert. I aimed at. ~ ~ I ~

a , 0 Q ~ YarM, Draml, IflClIel, " Feel, Feet, Feet, Feet, Feet. II JI'lO'f81 S,W, b,.W. 580 rs, jD'~'-- 226 Enfield, D 2 .] 1,000 Strong. 0'5 " } 2~ JI 20 20 - 6 5S'44 8 43 18 20'382 53 Fixed IS 12 14'75 16'28 5'30 ~ H. Batr8I1 !wood ping, o Ii groo... Io,rj • -["lilt' 226 Enfield, A 2 If .f 48'12 3 50 18 ,j 15 ., I1)'il9 10'19 1'85 1.. iiiMi.. " " " - o , " " " ~ 227 Enfield; As .. - - 62'16 3 50 54 65 15 13'SS 12'66 1'25 " " " " " " " " " t::J 228 Enfield, D S · · ,. - 42'12 3 46 48 12 lit'e5 11'50 2'00 Z " " " " " " " " " > 229 Enfield, D 4 - / 52'92 3 38 24 12 6 15'04 1'(1) 3'SO · " " ." " " - " " " " 2: 230 Enfield, A 4 .. - 41'52 3 39 54 11 14'06 0'99 4'95 " " " " " - " " ~ 231 Enfield, A IS " " " 0'10 - · I " " " - 55'08 3 38 18 56 0 " 8'27 10'02 00 232 Enfield, D is " " " " " tr1 ·· .. " - 38'64 8 40 48 0 9'58 11'41 11'00. 5!f1'llO'8I " " " " " " " " &; Enfield, D 1 233 - 1 In '" " - 55'72 3 40 4.2 53 6 8'46 14'46 8'65 H, Barrell " " " " " " " " ~ 234 Enfield, B 1 .. II groo... lin 6' B" .. 39'!.'l4 3 39 6 6 4 6'00 12'21 8'00 " " " " " " " " 8 " ~ 286 Enfield, B 2 · S,8. W, ~ 63'24 3 34 30 51 0 6 10'05 15'40 10'10 - " " " " " " " " ~ 236 Enfield, D 2 · · Light. - 53'04 3 36 18 6 8'60 10'91 6'65 " " " " " " " " " " St!1 Target 24' X !N', t:.:I • COMP ARtSON.

RiA.. Mean Radial Deviation, Mean Angle. Mean De1Ieetion. , l"t-, 0 II Fret, Enfield, A• ...... 48'48 8 4.0 18 4-7' Enfield, D .. . . . 47'S4 8 48 J, St. George, - - . 18 "54 : r . President. ... TABLE, No. Ifl. c..:. \0. RESULTS of EXPERIMENT8, with the undermentioned Competitive Large Bore Rifles, 19th February 1862, .. Precision with Clean Arms•

.J ~ AmlDualtion. Point Point of Mean Ablolutl • Strength NumbJ Numbe) NumbeJ NumbJ Figure .: Shoulder I Eo< Description and Number Angle 3 aimed at, Impact, Distance ...0 Weight I .. Point or Mean .. Range. and Direction ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ of ~ a or of Rifte, IU\d 0 Impact .8 Powder. ~ of Wind, Diameter Shots, Hits, Mill8el. Trials, Merit. Elevation, 0 ~ from Poil g efBaUet, I Fixed Real. Hor, iVert. Hor. Vert. aimed at Z I ~ I I i o I 2: Yard" Drama. [nclle,. 0 I l' Feel. Feet. Feet. Feet, Feet. rn 5 groo.... 630 grs. " " ~87 Enfield, D 3 - -OUT 1,000 0'55" 2i JI 20 20 - 6 '1'88 3 25 0 29'638 52 Fixed 29 6 IHi9 17'68 18'86, d3 H,JlouTt,lf E, Wood plug. StronK and 5 llfOOyetl ~ ~ail £nfillld, n 8 '0 gu.ty. 40'44 11'09 10'81 1380 - 1111 5'3" " " JI 0, - " 3 40 30 JJ 24 " rn " " o ~S9 I2j Enfield, B 4 . - 0, " 19 I 49'80 3 37 12 56 30 16'97 16'35 16'55 to.! " " " " " " ~ t,) ":rj HO ~nnBld, 0" - - '0 20 - 51'12 3 31 0 24 14'42 10'81 10'75 - " " " t: " " " " " ~ ~'1 Enfield, D 5 - o - '0 - 46'08 3 27 46 ,. 58 3 14'12 14'13 14'76 " " " Io%j " " " " o ~ ~4a :Enfield. a0 - - 46'92 3 21 30 6 14'00 11'29 11'25 " " " " " - " " " " " rn ~ i~llAytlI + ~43 Enfipld, B I - IIA 6' s" - 50'32 3 37 6 ,. /)/) 8 7'56 14'67 17'70 > " " " " " " " " ~ Oval. !H Lancaster, I - -fiD---Y;- 0, '0'32 S 31 6 00 22 - 18'S3 IS'78 16'05 >- , " " " " - " " " ; ~ rn COMPARISON. Target 24' X 241.

Rilles. Mean Mean bp. I Mean Deftection, . I Radial D.,.,lation, I [nclu" 0 I ,. Feet, Enfield, D ~,"I - - - - - lin (,,- 40'57 I 3 82 9 I lI'61 ~ II grooy.. I Enfield, B 47 93 I 8 34 S3 I 11'0' J. Sf. George, - -- . • -I -In b' 3"1 PrCiitlcnt. ~~ ~ 'TABLE, 'No. 17. w • C) RESULTS of EUEBIliENTS, with the undermentioned Competitive Large Bore Rifles, 20th February 1862. .' Preci8ion with Clean Arms.

i Ammunition. Point \ Point of Mean I i aimed at. Absolute StrBllgth Number Number Number Number Figura Angle .: Shoulder Impact. Distance of t Deacrlptlon and Number .s ...0 and Direction of of of of (If of of ..: .. or Point of Mean Bange, WeiKht B e Impact ~ of Rifle. and 0 Wind. Powder. Shot., Hite, MI8116II. Trials, Merit. Elevation. IFlxed Rest. from Point El Diameter i ~ Hor. Vert. Hor, Vert. llimed at. Ii!<" of Bullet, .. ~ ll:l ~ YuiU, Incllu. • , • Feet, Feet. Feet. Feet. Feet, Onl / 530 gn, " . '"o 245 Lancuter,2 - --iTa? 1,000 S.S, W. I 0'5[/' }:;aj:' 20 20 - S 39'86 3 31 24 29'60 57 Fixed 6-00 - O'IS 13'61 13'70 Fresh. Wood plug. ~ 246 Enfield, B 2 - ocroon. Ti~ " - 60'72 8 18 IS 7'50 - 7'50 S'55 0'50 o Strong and " " " " " " " " "'%j 2'7 Enfield, B 3 gusty. - 6 62'40 II 42 80 600 11'01 10'24 10'80 - - - " " " - o " " " i " " ~ 2'S Lancaster, 8 ,. - 41'02 8 a7 61 15'20 14'67 17'20 t:j - - - t " " " " - " " " " " Z 249 Lanoaster, 4 · · · 01. ., ,. - 44'02 822 6 I 05 - 13'59 16'00 17'50 ;.... " " " " " "" Z ~50 Enfield. B , ·· ., - 50'tlS 3 45 IS - 11'65 11'02 11'05 o - " " " " " " " " " t.:z;j 251 Enfield. B 5 ·· · - 61'92 3 87 12 ,. - S'88 15'03 1215 rfJ " Vi " " "" " " " " tIj 252 Lancaster. 5 4.7'64. 8 32 IS t"I · I -" - ., - S'97 12'78 9'-78 - - " " " " " " " " ~ 258 Enfield. B 1 ,. S 60'16 8 34 30 158 5'00 10'93 12'06 13'70 ~ · - - " I I " " - - " " " o 254 Enfield, D 3 - · · - 36'S4 8 37 18 ,. 1'00 - 11'93 10'26 14'90 o " " " " " " " " ~ 255 Enfield, D IS 6 39'60 8 25 0 ., 51 6'00 8 14'17 9'62 10'35 · · · " " " " " - " ~ 2,')6 . Enfield, B 8 ·· · " ,. - 48'2' 8 40 24 ., 4'50 6 12-64 10'90 0'45 " " " " " " ! ~ Target 24' X 24', CO M PA RISON, <

Mran Radial Rifles, Jrlean Angle. Mean Deflection. Deviation, I

IIIIJ1I.u, 0 , Feet, 51"00". " Enfield B . . Tlaj'j" 60'06 3 86 28 12'68 Oval Lancaster . - • liDa' '2'67 3 80 '8 14'S6 J. St, George, Preaident. ... 'TABLE, No. 18• c"a 'fl RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, 'with the underme~tionedCompetitive Large Bore Rifles, 21st February 1862.

Precision with Clean Arm,.

l- ~ Ammunition. Point Point of Mean I Impact. Abeotute ~ Strength Number'INumber Nnmber Number FIgure Angle .: Shoulder, aimed at. Distance of Deecrlption and Number 3 ...o- Polnlo! Mean o Range. and Direction of Weight of of of of' of of '" or I Impact I of Rifts. i e z J! Win\i. and Powder, Shots. Hits. MialIes, Trial., l\1~r1t. Elevation. E! Fixed Reat. from Point Diameter g Vert. Hor, Vert. aimed at, § -, , IHor. li': I ofBullet. ~ ~ ~ [fJ 1-3 Yartk. Drnf1l8. Irklhu, 0 , 0 0 F,et, Feet.! Feet. Fut. Feet. t%j 3 IMOYei 630 grtl, " 257 Enfield, 1 1,200 S.E, 2~ JI 20 9 11 6 139'80 6 7 0 30'01 61 Fixed 42 12 lO'Oo 16'15 20'30 ~ I to li'il" 0'60" 1 (J) · Light. Wood plug, J- 258 Enfield, C 1 o grooTe. 37 9'12 14'76 28'05 - 110~6'd" 13 7 124'56 5 17 24 ,. •• o " " " " , " " " "%j 259 Enfield, C 2 - - .. ,. 9 11 ,. 122'16 0 1 0 U 48 15'17 10'26 33'00 :x:l t'il · " " " " " t-I " "%j e",) 260 Enfield, 2 - · . ,. 18 7 168'96 5 11 42 55 10'08 10'15 44'95 " ~ " " " " " " " t: 261 Enfield, 8 ,. 15 5 108'12 4 55 0 53 50 14'47 12-56 35'58 z · · - " ~ " " " " " " o 262 Enfield. C 8 n ., 11 9 127'68 5 6 11 ,. ., ., 10'02 16'22 40'20 · · - " " " " " ~ 263 Enfield. C 4 - · - 16 4 15 105'36 4 59 56 50 12'85 14'29 37'20 :x:l " " " " " "" " 00 264 Enfield, 4 - n 11 9 184'64 5 2 0 40 n 7'83 14'06 32'73 -- " " " " " " " a:: >t"4 For Targeq BDfleld 6 aad C 6, ,a next Table. Target 24' X 24', C"'" >- COM PAR ISO N. ~ .00 Rifles. 1\!ean Radial Mean Angle, Mean Deflection, Deviation.

Irklhu. 0 , FHt. 3 groov.. I " \. Enfield . 33'73 ) - - I 10 II' II" 138'68 5 9 48 . ~~' Enfield, Q . 111"0""- 120'«10 5 12 8 81'02 - 1 In G'II" ~>\ J. St. George, PreBident. ." '-\ TABLE, No. 19. ~ 00 RES~TS of EXnltnONTs, with the UDdarmentianed Competitive Large Bore Rifles, 2tth February, 1862.

Precision with Clean Arm,.

Point Point of Mean Ammunition. Absolute aimed at. Impact. Strength Number NumberlNllUlber Number FIgure Angle .: Shonlder Distance of l I :i Eo< Deacripllon and Nnmber of oC of oC of .: or Point of Mean ...0 Range, and Directioll of Weight of S S0 impact =:d oC·lU1le. and Merit. Elevation. FIxed Rest. from Point t%j j Wind. Powder. Shots. Bjts. M\aIet. Trials. S'" ~ Hor, Vert. Diameter ~ Hor. Vert. aimed lit. ""0 ~ of Bullet. IZl ~'" o ::c 0 , 0 0 f-3 y....u. Df'Q,fIU. IncheB, " Feet. Feet. Feet. Feet. Feet. 680 grs, o BErOOV" 0'56" 2i 20 14 6 8 116'14 5 33 18 30'~14 40 :Fixed 40 HI 9'87 12·75 30'15 ~ '66 Enfiald, • - liner" 1,280 J 2 - E, Wood Plug llpoov.. Fresh, ,. 14 {/ ,,- 123'24 5 80 42 ,. 13'42 10'20 2665 o 188 Eaflild, C I - 'T1ii"ii"7' " "" " ~ llpoov.. " " " t;j tj 8'82 8'25 31-40 ~,o. • l1D6'8" ., 14 6 112'20 37 36 ~ t61 " " " " "" " " " II 1"""''' .,. 10'31 2l}'81S > 968 EDt.ld, B 1 • T'Iii"W-s" ,. 16 4 100'82 !S 26 42 15'19 ~ " " " " " " " " " Q 10'14 29-90 t'rj ~69 :2n6elll, B 2 • ., 13 7 119'04 5 19 48 ,. 9'24 · · -\- " " " " ~ " " " " \/1 64 6'80 47'76 jfO EDfi.lc1, C i • 10 .0 184'28 6 3. 0 " 9'52 M · · " " " " " " " " ~ BnfieW, C • 12 S 117'48 [) 38 6 50 9'72 11S-63 40'43 i71 · · · " " Q " " " " " " " ~ 2() 48 7'47 40'55 1'72 ~nfieW, ~ 8 ~ · 16 5 101'16 t; 6 11'85 · " " " " " " " " " (j 50 ~78 Enfield, B ~ Iii 5 12 98'88 5 lIS 48 J' 10'64 14'40 39'43 o · · · " " " " " " " ~ 52 214 Enfleld, C 4 11 9 ,. 1'>8'72 5 88 0 ,. J' 10'28 12']9 41'73 s::: · ·· ~ " " " " " " ~

FOf TNptl ~14 JJ ~ pel C 6, HI Practice 01 15th PebJUllry, Target 24' X 24', @ COMPARISON. tr.I

Badlal K_ Mean Angle. BUln. Deviation. Mean Deflection.

InchM. 0 I " Fed, IIp-oovlU Enfield, C- - - IID6'er' li8'S8 6 U 28 48'88 J, St, George, II rroovet I) Enfield, 8 • .. • IIDII'i" JOa'O& 19 28 38·158 Pretlident, TABLE, No. 20. ... RESULTS EXPEKIHENT8, 26th 1862. (.>;j of with the undermentioned Competitive Large Bore Rifles, February 1.0 Prtcision with Clean Arms.

..J Point of Mean .. Ammunition• Point AbllOlute ~ aimed at. Impact. E: . Strength NumberIN umber Number Number Fitrure Angle ~ Shoulder Distauce 01 ... De8criplion aud NI1mber of of of of of ..: or Point of Mean 0 Range, and Direction of Weight of IS'" impact I 0 .. of Rifle. and Hits, j: Wind. Powder. Shots. MJllIea, Trials, Merit. Elevation. Fixed Reat. Hor. Ven, from Point e DIameter ~ Hor. Vert. aimed at. ::l of Bullet. Z J ~ ~ , - Yardl. Inehel, Q " Q 0 Peel. F~et, Fen, Feet, Feet. r:n 530 gI'R, }DrG~' a ETOOyel 26 JS 20 • U 6 6 128'96 /) 24 48 30'22 48 Fixed 72 12 14'06 18'68 67'98 276 En1ield, C 6 J iu 6' W' 1,200 E.S.E•. 0'65" - Strong. Wood Plug. ~ o gl'OO'tl'l 17 3 96'00 6 16 0 67 18'112 14'14 53'12 276 Enfield, B I) - -1 In 6' 1" " " " '1 " " ~ o RJ1>OVet " " " r:J) ~ 18'71 277 Enfield, D 1 II 19 1 80'28 5 12 24 68 14'47 85'67 - H. Barre" " " " " " " " " o • 5 groo"01 63 11'25 13'26 89'80 .~ 278 Enfield, A 1 liii4'" " IS 2 101'04 4) 15 54 " " . - L:-Baml. " " " " " " ::l:l ,., IS 2 9 92'28 6 24 0 67 11'73 11'98 55'27 279 Enfield, A 2 · · · " " " " -~ I.'Il " " t'1 19 I SS'" Ii 17 12 63 9'63 9'62 43'63 t-I ~ 280 Enfield, D 2 + n · • · " " " " .. " " " 7: N.E., 19 1 6 . 83'62 5 18 48 56 8'96 14'38 47'11 o 281 Enfield, D 8 ,. Strong and · · · " " " " " " ~ gusty. " 282 Enfield, A 8 II n 18 2 77'40 6 13 18 53 16'77 18'78 36'27 o - · - " " " " ". " " ~ 283 Enfield, A 4 20 - 91'56 611 6 41 60 18'41 11'89 46'60 r:n ·· - " " " " " " " " ~ 284 Enfield, D 4 16 4 103'66 5 18 0 63 8'91 14'16 64'13 > · · - " " "" " " " " " t""'" ~ li,aO 16 :; 10 64 60 li'62 47'89 t'"" 285 Enfield, D I) - - · 4 9 99'72 " " " " " " " " :> 13 7 66 12'80 16'74 68·(1 286 Enfield, A 5 · · · 119'16 5 23 30 IJ ~ " " " " " " " " ....~ Target, 24' X24'. rn COMPARISON.

Mean RadJ&l lWlea, Deviation, Mean Angle. Mean Deflection. , Inc"". " Feet. o groove. " Enfield, A - . - -ni4'- 96'29 I) 17 33 46'27 J. St. George, ~ ' grooves Enfield, D- - - -. In4"- 91'10 6 14 27 45'55 President, N TABLE, No. 21. ~ o

RESULTS of EXPERIMENTSJ with the undcrmentioned Competitive Large Bore Rifles, 26th February 181>2.

Precision wilit Clean Anna..

...: AmmUDitlon. I\ I Point Point of ;\Iran Ab!!Olute ~ Strength Number .Number Number :INumber Figure Angle .: Shoulder aillled at. Impact. D1atallce of Eo< Description and Number' i! Point of Mean 'IS Ranp. and Direction of Weight of I of of of of of !j. 8 or Impact j of Rille. Wind. D' and Powder. Shota. Hita. MIaaea.· Triala. Merit. Elevation, a ~ jFUed Relt. H V t from Point l'l lameter· I. I 0 Ii =For, vert. or, er • aimed at. ~ ~ ~ of Bullet. II if: I '- . o I "--_. I I I I I'! --1--- r-- I. iI' . :::;:l FHI. Yard" Drama. Inch••, o I II I 0 o Feat, Feet. I Feet. Feet, ~ 5 croo't'el Strong. 530 grs. 1 21 JI 287 Enfield, D 1 • _~in 4' 11,200 20 19 '1' 10 93'12 5 86 0 80'40 35 Fixed 86 12 13'12 10'88 22'90 Gusty, 0'55" , C H, Bur.!. ":::l Variable Wood plug, J 288 Enfield, B 1 • I a:roove" 17 3 105'60 o 22 0 46 9'47 11'91 36'58 ~ " from " " " " o N.N,E, to " " " " ~ 289 Enfield, B 2 • 15 5 i 12 118'92 5 26 0 88 9'95 10'92 28'06 tj N.E. "I " " " I " " " " 2: 290 En6eld, D 2 • 14 6 120'60 5 31 80 I 31i 8'26 10'40 26'78 ~ " "J" " " I " " " " i 2: 291 Enfield, D 8 • 19 1 13 77'40 o 25 24 . 82 15'38 I 11'51. 16'6B (1 " "I" " " " " " t::] 292 Enfield, B 3 • 13 7 10.£'52 5 80 48 40 11'01 16'81 29'88 ~l " "I" " " " ., I " " ~ 298 Enfield, B 4 ­ 12 8 6 132'24 5 19 42 36 11'82 ]2'50 14'19 ,. 26 I t;rj " " j " " " i " I I n , 1875 11'10 294 Enfield, D 4 ­ f ,. I ., 13 7 ,t 117'84 5 29 48 I 21'26 .~ " " " " " 40 I " 295 Enfield, D 6 .. 3 10 99'84 5 18 18 18'64 I 11'59 4'87 Ci,.... ,. I" 17 \ 18 I" " Fresh. " " " " '-' 296 Enfield, B 5 • 18 76'92 5 29 12 24 1769 14'96 7'90 a:: " " I" " I 2 " " " " " s= Target, 24,' X 24', COM PAR ISO N. ~

RlIiea, Mean Radial Mean Angle. Dev1aUoD. Mean DeftecUoD.

lllCh". 0 I H FHI. II IfOOV" Enfield, B . . ~.i1" 107'6' 0 26 82 28'21 a IfOOTM J. St: George, Enfield, D . . liD 4 101-76 6 28 12 18"0 President. H, Barrel. ... TABLE No. 22• Co>:) \0• RESULTS of EXPERIMENTl! with the undermentioned Competitive Large Bore Rifles, 27th February 1862• Precision with Clean Arms.

Ammunition, I \ Point Point of Mean Absolute Impact. Strength I• Number Number Number Number I Figure Angle Shoulder \ Aimed at. Distance of ...E DellcripUoD Ind Number I - Point of Mean o Range. and Direction of Weight of of of of I of of t I Impact o of Rifle. 01' I Wind. and Powder, Shots, Hits. Millee. Trials. I Merit. Ele\-atioD, f I from Point z Diameter Plxed Retlt. Hor,: Vert, Hor. I Vert, Aimed at, I::s of Bull&t, 'JJ z I J J i ~ 00...., Tal'ds,1 Inrht,. o , Fut.IFeet, Feel. , 1/ o o Feet. I Ftel_ ~ 5 j:ronvc. 630 grs.! ])rcml'. I 297 Enftcld, D 1 - - I i,~-4'- 1,200 0'05" \ 21 J' 20 17 3- 10 I 84'90 6 24 24 130'286 86 Fixed 60 12 11'22 7'58 39'08 ~ H 8.,,..,1. en N,l':. Wood plug.. J 298 Lancaster, 1 • O,-al 17 8 10 1102'2~ IS 17 6 45 12'62 I 12'91 32'49 -Tfn3'- ., o "I" " " " " "%j " Very strong 299 Lancaster, 2 - 18 2 7 I 88'92 5 13 18 (8 13'92 I 15'P2 34,'30 " "I" " " " " " ~ 800 Enfield, D 2 ­ 17 3 7 I 80'64 6 33 12 ., 62 12'31 I 9'67 39'76 - " "I" " " " " ~ "%j 801 Enfield, D 3 - + 14 6 6 1106'68 5 29 42 ,. 47 S'l1 I 8'06 39-08 Z " "I" " " " " -~ 302 Lancaster, 3 - 19 1 6 I 84'72 5 26 18 ,. 40 13'83 I 9'43 26'27 " "I" " " " " "=.:lo 803 Lancaster, 4 - .--+---t- 18 2 16 I 66'2( 5 11 24 37 ,. 60 19'22 I 8'89 30'99 ~ "I" " " " " 'JJ 804 Enfield, D 4 • 15 5 16 115'08 5 38 6( ., 46 11S'67 11'02 30'34 " " " " " " " \~ 801S Enfield, D 6 - . 17 8 8 80-66 6 19 30 36 60 10'42 11'46 39'68 > " " " " " " " E= 806 Lanoaster, 6 - ,. 18 2 8 9768 b 23 24 ., 48 10'08 12'«19 82'46 " " " " " " >­~ Target,24' X 24'. # ::: COM PAR ISO N. f'.l

RIJl... Mean Radial Mean ADgle. Mean DeSectloD. DeviatioD. -- - f;'\ hi, IJlCM,. 0 , 1/ \" o p-GOyal ,field, D . 94'68 6 28 8 87'66 - I In .' J. St. George, ~ La:nOBster 01'11 31'80 President, - - -l-I~ 87'96 6 18 6 ~~ TABLE No. 23. ~ / ~

RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS with the undermentioned Large Bore Rifles.

To test-Fouling-Service Ammunition.

I Lowest Average Number Precision Figure Baromett'l'. Thermometer. Wet Bulb. Dry Bulb. Description of Rl1Ie. of Rounds wben Foul at whenQean. Remarks. eg Date of Experiment. Fouled. ::;00 VardB. For Cempvl8oD.

.~ a - ~ II a IncliCl. [nelle,. 3 ~roovu o 27th June 1862 · - 29'89 69 52 56 Enfield - - l~fr(i' 400 ..\ - - Loading eaBy. "%.:l o 1st July 29'976 65 60 61 - - 600 " · - " " ~ 64 58 60 - - 20 24'72 10'80 2d July " - · 29'866 " " ~ ~roovco . ~ 27th June 29'89 60 52 56 Enfield, B · ITD~' y' 330 · .. Loading easy, but rough. " - - - ~ lit July n - - 29'976 65 60 61 " - · " 670 00 2d July - 29'866 64 58 60 -- 20 83'76 15'65 ~ " - " " ~_Ilroovel Q Enfield, 400 26th June 30'136 72 67 61 D · lin 4' - · - Loading eaBy, but rough. " · - - 20'89 69 62 66 . 500 I 8 27th June · - . " - " ~ " is:: 30th June - 29'97 72 53 07 - - 100 " - " " ~ 1st July 29'976 65 60 61 - 20 45'24 16'80 -- " - " ~ " 0 ••1 t'!2 26th June 30'186 72 67 61 Lancaster - -fhi 3'- 400 - · -- Loading' easy. " · · 27th June - 29'80 00 52 56 -- 420 " - " . " 30th June 20'07 72 53 57 n - · 180 " - - " 1st July · 2D-U76 66 60 61 " - - 20 10'68 20'86 " · " I .. TABLE No. 24, tJ,:) 1.0. RESULTS of ExrERIMENTS with the underm~ntioned Competitil'e Small Bore Rifles, 31st January 1862•

Precision with Clean Arms.-Lubrication, Grease.

Ammunition. Point Point of Mean Aimed at. Impact, Absolnte Strength Nnmher,INumber Nnmber NUmberlFIgure Angle Shoulder Di8tance of ~ - -~------k Description ud Number of of of of of of or Point of Moan o OS Ruge. and Direction of Weight ~ Impact of Rifll'. ~ 2: Wind. and Powder. Shot., Hila. Mi_. Tria1a. Kerit, Rleval.ion. .. Fixed Bat. from Point Diameter ! Hor. Vert. Bar, Vert. Aimed at. of Bldlet. ~ ! J a 00 I I ~ Ytn'tb. IneheB. 0 II 0 0 Feet. Feet. FHt. FHt. FHt. li30 grain. 70 grain8 w. 90 6 8'36, o 5~ 6 29'724 6W Fixed. 12 12 13'63 11'38 1'65 63 Whitworth, No. 12 HB · 800 '44,2" c. and H. } laO - ==en Strong Brl'eze Cavity. No,6. lnereued at 6. Whitworth, No.9 L8 ., - 4"f12 o 48 36 13'49 11'17 1'76 o · 2 P. M. to .. " 'T.l " HalfOele. " " " " " " " 66 Whitworth, No.8 L8 - 8'60 o 46 36 ,. 13'00 12'13 l'IS3 " " " " " - " " " " " Whitworth, 13 3'60 o '4 1S4 U'12 10'22 2'75 ~ 86 No. H8 ,. - ~ · " ~ " " " " " " " " " ~ Z 67 Whitworth, No. 14 liB - "06 o 69 1~ 12'85 ' 11'39 1'06 I:} " " " " " - " " " " " " Io2j 08 Whitwqrtb, No.4 L8 - 6'16 o 44 6 ,) 13'34 1086 1'76 · " ~ " " " " " " o " " " t= 09 WhitwortJl, No. Ii L8 K ,. - 4'06 1 o 42 14'60 11'79 2'70 · " " " " " " " " " " 70 Whitworth, No; 16 liB - 4'68 046 M 14'32 10'66 2'59 · " " " " " .. " " " " " 71 Whitw.rth, No. 11 HB t, , ,. - 3'7~ o 67 54 13'77 12':)l 1'80 ~ · " " " " 't " " " " 72 I Whitworth, No. J L8 - 6'20 0.954 ,. 18'80 9'12 3'40 · " " " " " " " " " " ~ 00

COMPARISON.

R111118, Mean Radial Mean Angle. Mean Deflection, Deviation.

-- - -~ I , - !ltcheB. • " Feet, Whitworth, L8 - . . ,·n 0 40 48 2'22 J. St. George, K Whitworth, HB . . . 8'98 0 ,,~ 6 1'06 Prcaiuent. ~~. TABLE' No, 25, ~ +>- RESULTS of EXPERIlIENT8 with the undermentioned Competitive Small Bore Rifles, 3d February 1862, Precilion fDith Clean Arm.,-Lubricah'rm, Gretue,

il I t' Amllnition, ! Point Point of Mean Abaolute Aimed at. I Impact. Distance of ~ Strength Number Number Number Number Figure .Angle .:. Shoulder .. Deacription and Number of .:. t Point of Mean 0 Range, and Direction of Weight of of of of of of ~ e Impact Rifle, Willd, and .. 0 frem Point J Powder. Mi.~ Trials, Merit, Elevation. M a Diameter Shots, Hib. ~ i Fixed Rut,\ Bor. Vert, Hor, Vert. Aimed at. ~ -=l Z of Bullet. ~ ~ g; 'ij , 0 Feet, Yarth, ' g Inch e., 0 0 Fee/, Feet. Feet. Feet. 68o rs'l 70 Gn. " o S,W. '442" } 20 20 6 6'62 0 61 42 30'208 64 Fixed - 12 12 12'05 0'73 2'46 78 Enfield SB, No.1. 800 c.&IJ.No.6, - ~ - Light Breeze, Cavity.I • 74 Whitworth, HB, No, 11 - - 3'72 0 46 46 Jl'86 .11'35 0'65 o " "" " " " " " " " " ~ 76 Whitworth, HB, No. 12 _. - 3'24 0 68 42 12'38 11'76 0'40 o " " " " " " " " " " " ~ 76 Enfield, SB, N 0, ~ - - 3'72 0 47 48 11'61 11'47 0'60 o " ·v "" " " " " " " " " 2: 77 Enfield, SB, No.8 - ,. - 4'80 0 66 24 12'57 11'66 0'70 >­ - " " " " " " " " " " ~ 78 Whitworth, HB, No. 18 - t, 4,44 0 60 86 11'68 )l'80 0'36 o " " " " - " " " " " " trJ 79 Whitworth, HB, No. 14, - j - 5'64 0 6654 Jl'34 11'71 0';0 rfl " " " " " " " " " " " t:r:l 11'80 11'15 086 r­ 80 Enfield, SB, No.4 - - - 3'72 0 50 18 trj " " " "" " " " " " " o 81 Enfield, No, 6 • 4'44 0 65 86 ,. 12'81 11'88 0'85 SB, - " " - " " t-3 " " " "" " a 82 Whitworth, HB, No, 15 - - 8'60 0 ~4 0 11'55 12'24 0'50 " " " " " " " " " " " o 83 Whitwort,h HB, No. 11 . ,. - 4'44 0 68 24 11'96 11'57 0'48 s= " " " " " " " " " " '447/1 11'37 12'118 0'05 == 84 W. Riohards, BL, No, 1 - " " " - " 4'44 0 41 80 " " " . ~ " " " trj ~ COM PAR ISO N,

Mean Radial Ri@ea, Deviation, Mean Angle. Mean Dtflection. --- lite"'. 0 I II Fetlt. Enfield smaIl bore - - - 4'44 0 62 9 1'09 G«W~~llideDt. Whitworth, HB - . . 4'16 0 /52 47 0'62 J, St, .. c..:l TABLE No. 26. \f> RESULTS of EXPEBULENTS with the undermentioned Competitive Small Bore Rilles, 4th February 1862.

Precision with Clean Arma.-Luhrication, Greaae•

.J II AmmuDitioD. POiDt POiDt ofMean Abeolut~ Number Number .: Aimed at. Impaci. Dlalillee, X DllICriptioD Ibld Number of Strength Number Number Figure ADgle ~ Shoulder ...0 Di~etiou.of ..: II ---- _.. - POiDI of Me&Il RaDge, aDd Weight of of of oC of of a Dr Ri1Ie. , .s 0 Impact o .! Wind. aDd '" from Poil Diameter Powder. Shots. HiI.. Misses. Trill,. Heril. ElevalioD. ~ Fixed Real. Z .. ~ II Hor, Vert. Hor, Vert. Aimcdal Z" of Bullet. ~ ~ I rn I ~ Yardr. Q , Q Q Ferl. 161076grs. II"elate, " Ferl. Feet. Fert. Fert. /' 630 grs, I ~ S.W. c.&u.No,6 } 20 20 6 4'32 0 41 30 30'28 53 Fixed - 12 12 11'97 11'81 0'19 86 W. Richards, No.2, BL - 300 Fresh. 447" - a= U"J. 70 grs. 12'06 11'60 0'40 86 Whitworth, No. 12, HB- 41- 442" J 4'56 0 57 18 II l c.&.H.N 0.8. } " " - " " " " " o " 12'10 11'57 0'45 "%j Whitworth. No. 13, HB • ,. n - 3'60 0 56 24 II 87 " " " " " " " " =:c 88 W. Richards, No.8, BL ., 5'64 0 47 18 12'88 18'16 1'20 'Ill " " - " " " " " " ~- c..:l " V " 4'92 64 13'04 12'64 1'20 89 W. Riohards, No.4, BL . , , - II 0 49 18 ., " . . " " " " " -Z I ,. 8'l'2 0 68 36 11'07 1t'04 0'48 o 90 Whitworth, No, 14, HB - II " " " - " " " " " " 0'80 ~ 91 Whitworth, No. liS, HB - - 8'00 0 58 24 ., 55 11'86 11'30 " " " " " " " " " =:c 92 W. Richards, No.5, BL- - 5'52 0 45 12 0, " 11'82 12'15 0'20 C"/) I " " " " " " " " " ~ :> t'4 t"4 :> COM PAR ISO N. ~ 00.

Mean Radial MeaD ADgle, MeaD Deftection. RifIee. Deviati60.

lReMe. • I " Fett, W. Richards, BL - . . 4'97 0 44 57 0'74 ( Whitworth, HB . -- 8'86 0 56 49 0'50 J, St. Georgi:resident, r'·.~ ..j:l. CJ1 r\\ \\\ '" I

TABLE No, 27, ~ C\ RESULTS of ·EXPERIMENT8 with the undermentioned Competitive Small Bore Rifles, 3d March 1862, Precision with Clean Arms,~Luhrication, Grease, , Ammunition. I Point Point of Mpan I Absolnle Aimed at, Impact. ;; Strength Number Number Number Numberl Plgure An"Je .. Shoulder Distance of "'0 II> k Description anc! Number I 0; Point of Mea" Wei5ht of of of .. o -0 Range. and Direction of of of of ~ e or Impuct an 0 of Rifle, Wind, Powller. Shots. Hits. !\lines. Trials. !\Ie,it. Elevation. S'" Fixed Rest. from Point ~ J Diameter 0 ~ lIar. Vpr!. Hor. Vert. S II Aimed lit. g of Bullet...... Cl Z ~ t-o ~ , YariU. Drllm,. Inches. a " 0 0 Feet. Ftet. Feel. Feet. Fen. o 630grs. 70 grl. ::0 S.W. 8 4'02 29-272 Fixed- 12'00 1'32 tj 81 Whitworth, HB No, 11 - 300 0'442" c.&u.No.6 } 20 20 - 1 5 30 88 12 12 18'81 fresh. ~ 32 Lancaster, No.1 . to - 4'20 1 11 12 13'90 UNO 2'00 ~ - " N.W. " " " " " " " " " " ~ Light. 88 Lancaster, No.2 ,. - tl 4'88 1 16 64 36 12'94 11'97 0'95 C':l - - " " " " " " " " ~.J 34 Whitworth, HB No. 12 - ,. - 4'20 1 4 24 18'12 12'36 1'15 (J). " " " " " " " " " " tTj l' 85 Whitworth, HB No. 16 • ., - 8'72 1 2 ]2 18'06 12'40 1'08 t%.1 cf: " " " " " " " " " " ,-., Lancaster, 8 ,. 4'20 1 11 42 12'7t1 12'02 0'76 ~ 36 No, - - " - " " " " " " " " () o COM PAR ISO N. TargeI1l4'XlJ4'...... ~ ~ Millin Radial J-3 1W\es. Deviation. MeuAII&le, Mean Deflection. -~ I trl lneha, 0 I " Feet. WClIlter - - - - 4'86 I 12 66 1'24 J. St, George, Whitworth #> ~ 4'28 I ~ ~ 1'18 - President. ... TABLE No, 28, t.>J 1.0 RESULTS of EXJ>EBtIlENTS with tho undermentJonoo Competitive Small Bore BiBee, 4th March 1862, Precision with Clean Arms,-Lubrication, Grease, • ~ Ammunition, Point Point of Meall Ablolutll .: Aimed at. Impact. Distance of l'"• Number Number Numbtr Number Figure Angle Shoulder ... Deac:ri pliOD and Number of Strenglh ..: -.:'" Point of Meu 0 Range, and Direc:tion of of ~, e or Weight of of of of of 0 Impact RiSea, Willd, ami ..i S from Point ~ Powder. Shot~. Hila. Misses. 1'rial8. Hpril. Elevation. g Ii Fixed RMt. Hor. Vert. Vert. o Diameter .. .c Aimed at. Z" of Bull~I, a:l .... z -=l 00 I Yard.. IlIchltl. 0 " 0 0 Ft'f!t. Feet. Feet. FeBt, Feet, 530 ~",,170grains. S? Whitworth, HB 11 - 500 N.W, 1 "0 20 - 6 9'60 I 38 6 29'650 38 Fixed 12 )2 16'56 13') 1 3'75 ~ L1lbL 0'.'2'/ o.&u, No,6, f - ~ 88 Whit\\'orth. LB 1 . 11'16 1 39 12 . ,. 13'91 {I'12 3'35 - " " .. - " " " " " o - " " ~ 89 Whitworth, LB 2 - 9'96 1 37 6 42 14'20 ll'SO 2'20 - .~ - " " " " " " " " " " ~ 40 Whitworth, HB 12 6'1~ 1 37 36 14'11 11'41 2'20 - ,1 - " .t " ~ " " " " " " " -~ 41 Whih~orth, 18 . 8'.{0 1 43 30 13'69 ll'82 1'70 HB - ., " Z ~ " ~ " " " " " " " " - Q ~ 42 WhltW011b, LB 8 - - ,. - ]0'68 1 34' 30 13'64 8'll7 3'40 " " " " " " " " " " ~ 37 12 15'30 13'05 3'45 48 Whitworth, LB 4 - ,. ,i - 9'84 1 o - " " " " " " " " " ~ ~4 Whit.orth, HB 14 - ., 9'60 1 31 42 ., 11'99 ll')Q 0'81 00 " " " " " - " " " " a:: 45 Whlhtortll, HB 15 C&lIII, ,. ,. ,. - 7'32 1 41 48 36 1"98 12'80 3'00 ~ - " " " " " " " t"'4 46 Whitworth, LB 5 - - ., - 7'80 1 39 12 15'84 11'73 3'85 t"" " " " " " " " " " " >­ :;0 'l'arget It'X 24' ~ 00 COM PAR 1 SON.

l\]ean Radial Ri8el. !\fean Angle, Mean De8ection. DeYiation,

1ftcllu, g , Fed, Ll.bt "• Whitworth . 1 ,37 26 3'2jS - - !lftrrel•• 9'89 (~\\ Helvy J, St. George. Whitworth - - - llant'l.: 8'21 1 38 36 2'29 President. ~\ ~.. \\'

L.-- TABLE No. 29. ~ 00 RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS with the undermentioned Competitive Small Bore Rifles, lSth March 1862. Precision foith Clean Arms.-Luhrication, Grease.

~ OIl Ammunilion. Point Point of Mean AilU~d at. Impact. Absolute ~ Description and Numbe(of Strength INumber Number :Number Number Figure Angle .: Shoulder Distance of ...0 Range. Weight. ..: ~ ----- Point of Mean Rifle, and Direction oC of of of of of of .. S or and Ii 0 IllIl'RCt Wind, Powder, Shots. Hita. Misses, Trials. Merit, S Diameter Elevalion. 0 E Fixed ReIL Hor, Vert. Hor, Vert. from Puint of Bulk!t, .. .. Aimed nt• ~ il - r;l:l ~ ~ 'ij Yarcfl, Inclle., 0 I 0 0 Feet, Feet, Feet, o S, & by W. very " Feet. Feel. 47 Whitworth, HB ] 1 500 680 1!:I'8, 70 grs. ~ - Strongud '442'1 } 20 20 6 g·OO 1 87 12 29'072 42 Fixed 12 12 18'08 11'S2 2'00 Guaty. c.& H.NC).6 - 4S Enfield, 1 . o - - " " - 8'16 1 80 64 't ., 18'76 11'48 1'85 ~ Enfield, 2 - " " " " " " " '0 - '~ O'S4 1 '0 24 44 14'14 11'64 2'75 - - " " " " " - " o liO Whitworth, 12 " I] '04 " " " ~ - - - 1 87 12 14'38 18'48 2'80 t; 51 Whitworth, HB 18 " " " " " " " " " " " - " ,. - 8'64 1 40 6 47 1('12 11'45 2']8 Z 62 Enfield, 3 . " " " " " " " " - - " " - 12'12 1 38 18 18'10 12'57 1'25 ~ 63 Enfield. 4 . " " " " " " " " " -- - ., - 0'00 1 40 54 44 13'8'2 13'62 !N5 ~ U Whitworth, HB 14 " + " " " " " " " - 12'86 1 " ,. 13'40 12'95 1'70 " " " - " 30 00 55 Whitworth, HB 15 Increaled to " " " " " " " ~ - " Half Gale, " , " - 9'06 1 88 18 1305 13'01 1'41S 56 Enfield, Ii . . " " " " " " " " t"" - " - 10'20 1 88 0 12'~6 13'18 1'25 t:j " Wind changed " " " " " " " " o 67 Westley Richards, 1 Diameler 76 gn, " luddellly to 12'12 I 32 86 13'47 ] 1'64 1'50 1-3 - " S.B. '468 & '447 c.&u,No.6 " - } " " " " " " " Q L8 Enfield, 1 . Uill.llIeter 70 grB. - '-147 c,& u. No.6 - 8'6t 1 38 ]2 ] 1'46 10'87 1'25 o - " } " " " " " 50 Enfield, 2 - I S'SS " " " a:: - - " " " - ,. I 42 0 11'04 12'30 0'30 60 Westley Ricbards, 2 " " " " " " " 1-4a:: - ,. - 11'28 I 8l '8 ]2'18 12'45 0'45 " " " I " " " " " " " ~ trj COM PAR ISO N, Target U'xll4' t:r.1

. Riflel, MelD Radial Mean Angle, Mean Defteetion, Deviation. , I..... 0 " Flit. Whitworth . ~ - - JIarnIa. ]0'20 1 39 27 2'03 Small Enfield . - -Bore. '1'86 1 87 42 , 1'01 J. St. GMJr~, - President, ... T;ABLE, No. SO. t..J RESULTS of ExPERIMENTS with the undennentioned Competitive Small Bore Rifles, 6th March 1862. \f> Preciswn with Clean Arms.-Luhrico.tion, Grease.

'Ol Ammunition. Point I Point of Mean ~ Aimed al. Impact. Aba " " " " " " " " " " " ~ 7] Enfield, 4 9'60 1 88 54 II ,. 14'00 12'31 2'06 · - · " " " " " - " " " " 72 Lancaster, 2 12'60 1 39 24 16'82 IS'83 8'76 / · II S; · · " " " " " - " " " " " := Ta'1etll4' X IN', .~ COM PAR ISO N, COM P .A RIB 0 N,

Mean Badlal Mean MeaD a.dial Mrall Ritles. Mean Angle, 1 Ritlea. Mean Alllle. DnialioD. DeBectioD. I Devi.tion. Deftec:lion. , .Inch", 0 Feet, I~• F,d, \~ " " • " Westley Richards. . 11'11 1 82 28 2'29 Lancaster . . . 9'81 1 41 16 4'08 C-~

Enfield . .~ 7'97 1 86 42 . 1 84 68 9'70 J. St. Georgt, ')..'\ Bo",.. 1'49 Enfield - S'" , - President. ~\ " T.A.1JLli, No. 31.· (J\ o nistttS of EutnlMENTs with the undermentioned CompetitiTe Small Bore nilles, 7th Marob 1862.

Precision with Clean ArrTUl.-Luhrication, Grease. " oJ.. !!' AmmunitioD• POiDt PuiDt of Maaa Absolute Aimeol al. Impact. e= Sueagth Number Number Number Kumber Figure ADgie .: ~liijiililer DiltlDCII '" 'l9 Daeriptien aDd Number of .!l Poiot of Meao ~ RaiJae· aad Weight of of of of dI dt' .. Direction of .f !i Irili*!t ~. Rille. aod S.. I oj WiDd. DidlDeler Powder. 811011. Hill. Mi_. Trials. Herit. Elevation. FizedReat. Uor. Vert. Hor. Vert. from PoiDt ~ B Aimed at. Z" of Bullet. r=l J o ~ Ya,u. Inch". I> I I' 0 0 Fut. FHC. reet. tH/.. ~el. o 1\ 680 grs. 70 Ilrains. ~ 73 Whit worth, LB 1 ~ 800 VC'l Stroog } 20 20 d ~1'12 2 28 :Hi 2947 59 Fixed 6 12 12'1'19 II'dO ll'tkI · aD GllIt,. '442" c.&o.No.61 - l:::l Variable from 74 Whitworth, HB II 21'12 2 18 t~ 1!i'83 10·41 1'00 Z · W.,abd ~8. 11 - " to 8.8. • " " " " " " " " " 75 Whitwortb, HB 12 19'44 2 Itt 31) 0 10-88 l!JtiS 10'88 ~ , · " " - " " ~ • " " " " " " ~ 76 Whitworth, LB 2 • - ., - 18'12 2 2S 3ll 6 18'90 121ft; 1'ik) - " ~ " " " " " " " " 00. 77 WhitwOJ·th, LB 3 • 7 16'06 2 35 1!l 16'08 12"1JO 1)')0 ti" · - 11 .. t""4 " " " " " " " " ~ 78 Whitworth, HB 13 ( ,. ., - 19'92 2 18 4S 18'119 12·19 t·gO · " '" " " " " " " " " " ~ 70 Whitworth, HB l' - ,,' s.w. MtCl"ft;dtt " " } t g 80 Whitworth, LB 4 I' UU . - - " " :.:: " I . ~ t Right a.t broke doWn. Target II' >( It'. -~ J. St. George, ~ President.

• Tables NOB. 31, 32, and 33 are Dot referred to in the Report, as the results, alt.htlUgh giveh, are not truetworth.y, owing t6 a tli$l&1't'lttigement of the Beeta; which 1f11s only discovered by the unsatisfactory natnre of the J>~title. . The Experiments were resumed with adjusted Reets, and resulta recorded iii :No. 34 illiil fbU()1Ving Tl1blee. .... • TABLE, No 32.- ~ <..0. REBULTi of. EXPEIUliENTB with the undermentioned Competit.ive Small Bore RiBes, 10th March 18R2• Preci,ion wilh Clean Arms.-Lubrication, Grease,

I

-.. of 2f Ammunition. Point Point Mean AheoJute .. Aimed at. Impact. i-' Deseriptiun and NUmber of 8treag&h Number Number Number Number Figure Angle ~ Shoulder DiataDee of ...0 .: ------Point of Meao Range. and Direction of Weillht , of QI of _ of Qf of ..e or Rille. and 0 ImJPct ~ Powder. ~ from oiut o Wiod. Diameter Sbots. HilS. Misses. Trials, Merit. Elevation. Fixed Rest. Hor. Vert. Hor. Veri. ~ ...... Aimed at. Z" ofBunet. J ... ..-:rJJ , Q Yard•• I"cla~,. '! " II Fed. Fed. Feet Feet. Feet. '~ 530 grs. 70 g,aint. 79 Whitworth, LB 4 800 W. } 20 20 10 19'68 2 l~ 0 29'968 5S Fixed 0 12 7'25 IS'50 7'30 - - Calm. '442" c.&u.No.6. - ~ 80 Whitworth, HB 14 U) - II - 17'28 2 19 42 6 8'36 J2'96 2'55 , " .f- , " " " " " " " " o 81 Whitworth, LB 6 - - 6 10'9~ 2 IS 12 0 11'4( 10'42 H'OO ITj " - " " " " " " " " ~ 82 Whitworth, HB 16 - ~ - 12'24 2 18 42 ~6 10'94 13'65 5'15 " -I:" " " " " " " " " " "'r1 -­~ 88 Whitworth, HB 11. - - ,. 14'28 2 7 0 62 6 7'79 19'€J.4 7'80 .... o " " " " " " " " . ~ Enfield, 1 . . . ~ 8' " - 17'04 2 18 48 " 9 10'29 J0'66 1'90 " " " " " " " " ~ 85 Enfield, 2 . 18'60 2 16 36 54 6 10'S3 I U'SJ 4'90 - - , - ., o " " " " " " " " ~ 86 Whitworth, HB 12 10'68 2 17 0 12'81 12'77 6'85 - " " " " " - ft· " - " 8 " , " g: ~ Target, 14' X 24. r-' t"I

- COM PAR ISO N. / > . I - Meao ~ JU.es. lWti,,1 MillO A1II11I. M.ao De1IllI:tion. Deyi.tioo. , . I, g , Lu.... " Feel. Whitworth, LB - - . "UN8 2 28 80 8'49 Whitworth, HB . 11'00 II 80 ill 0'55 J, 8t. GMJTge, President. ~ "\ See Note on plIge GO. ~... " '- , ABL~, T No. 33.· ~ ~

RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS with the undermentioned Competitive Small Bore Rifles, 11th March 1862.

Precinon with Clean Arms.-LulJrication, Grease• ... Ammunition. Point Point of Mean AblOlute Number Number Namber Namber Figure Angle Shoulder Aimed at. Impact. Strength Dilltauceof k I Point ofMean OS DacriptloD and Number of Weight of of of of of of i or Range. and Direction of r S e Impact Rifle., and Powder, from Point Wind. Diameter Shot.. HIt&. MiueL Trlal8. Merit. Elevation, G Fixed Rat. Hor. Vert. ~ ~. Hor, Vert. Aimed at. 1 of Bullet. ~ II!; ------o"tl Y",.d.. , 11 !' 0 Frd. FHI. Ffrt. Frrt. ~ Incll". " PHI, Whitworth, HB 18· 800 S. 530 grs, 70 grs. 87 · u 20 6 19'08 2 12 48 20'90 52 Fixed 12 12 15'04 14'16 8'70 0_ Fresh. '442 c.&B,No,6 }20 - "%j 88 Enfield, 8 · ,. - 18'08 2 14 6 ,. 12'19 11'87 0'20 - - • f- " " " " " o " " " " ;::0 89 Enfiold,4 . . - 19:44 2 14 12 ,. 15'88 15'09 5'50 · " " " " " " , " " " " o 12'06 12'38 0'33 Z 90 Whitworth, HB 14 • · - 19'20 220 24 " :> " " " " " " " " " " Z 91 Whitworth. H B i 5 - ., - 15'48 2 18 0 j4'07 14'00 2'85 a · " " " " " " " " " " t:r:l . 18'36 2 9 42 12'54 10'75 1'85 92 Enfield, {) - - 'V' - 00 " " " " " " " " " " " t:r:l 98 Whitworth, HB 11 • - ,- Very Light. - 12'88 2 18 18 ,. 6 7'31 12'44 1'4.0 ~ " " " " " - " " " (") 94 W. Richards. 1 - . "468'- Rnd 76 grs. } - J9'68 2 28 18 8'44 11'71 2'60 " '447" c.&a.No.6 "" " " " " " " t-3 Tar~t 24' X 2('. 8 a= a= COM PAR ISO N. 1-3 -~ Mean Radial t,:rj Mill. Deviation. Mean Angle. Mean Defteotion. 1 -I, , Ind". 0 " PHt. E lId - - .. . 17'80 2 14 29 2'77 St George.. to Whitworth. HB - . - 16'94 2 15 2 4'31 J:. PrelJden

* See Note on plCl 60• • TABLE, No. 34. Com~titive t..:l RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Small Bore Rifles. 24th March 1862. If' Precision witlt Clean Arms.-Lubrication, Grea8t!.

Point of Mean AmmUDition. I Point AbMllute Number Number Number Number Figure . Angle .: Shoulder Aimed at Impact. Di.tance of Strength .: or Pointof Mean S / DeMription and Number of of of of of of of Fixed Impact 'a and Direction of Wei&ht B.t. I Ranre. and Powder. from Point j Ri1le. Bite, Mia_. Merit. Elefttion, i Hor. Vert. Bar. Vert. o Wind. Diameter Shot.. Trials., 1 Aimed at, ~ a ~ II of Bullet. i ~ ~. ------.- rn - - , 11 0 FHt, Fed. Fed. Fed, Fed, ~ - • , IIICAea. a • Yllr", 73 800 630 gn, 70 grs, I 8'40 7'89 ~ Whitworth, LB 1 ·· S.W. 120 20 8 22'44 2 H 80 29'616 61 Fued 6 12 "12 442" c.& H.No.I - 3: Light. J 1 4'76 10'06 1'00 00 74 Whitworth, HB ,II - - - " 13'68 2 16 !l4 " n' " " " " " " " 69" 10'03 9'91 4-60 o 7G Whitworth. HB 12 • - - 8 15'00 2 17 86 ,. I "%] " " " " " " " " 7'60 0'46 8'00 76 Whitworth, LB 2 ·· - 13'56 ~ 12 18 " .. " " " =:d ·v " " " " 7-02 9'01 S'15 " " - 77 Whitworth, LB 8 - · ,. - 16'08 2 10 48 60 "I -~ " " " " " " " IN6 16'36 8'28 t""'" " 18'38 2 20 0 1-4 78 Whitworth, HB ,13 • - · " " - " " " " ~ Q " -I " " " " 62 12 10'98 13'81 1'60 _ 79 Whitworth, HB 14· ~, 24'00 2 13 64 I' o t..:l · - " " " " " " " ., 10'33 9'51 2'96 ~ 80 Whitworth, .LB 4 · - " - 28'20 2 18 8 " " " " " " " " " 83 3'46 12-46 8'67 o 81 Whitworth, L8 6 · S,E, n - - 16'82 2 16 0 " ~ · " " " " " 6'06 14'06 7'85 " Light. " " 16'92 S 18 0 n UJ 82 Whitworth, UD 16· - I' - - " " " " " " " " 62 18" 17'59 9'06 2'46 ~ 83 Enfield, 1 . - ,. - 28'40 2 3 36 - " " " " " " " " 12'18 13'62 6·00 ~ 84 Whitworth, HB 11 • - - 21'00 2 16 18 · " " " " " " " " 2'66 t"'I " " " 15'48 2 16 0 61 ,. 15'62 13'82 86 Whitworth, HB 12 • · I' - " " " " " " " " )6'36 1!l'69 2'68 > 86 Enfield,2 - IfJ'66 2 16 42 ~ - · - " " " " " " " " " " " s:: 1\ UJ Target lI4' X 2", COM PAR ISO N. - Ri1IeI, Mean Radial Mean Angle, Mean Ddleotion. Deviation. ( IIICMa. a I " Fett, - .~~\.\ Whitworth, LB . 19'32 2 U 8 4'36 J. St, George, - - Preaident. "\ Whitworth, HR . . . 17'69 2 17 11 8'71 ~~ ~ TABLE, No, '35. ~ RESULTS of ~~p~nUI:&NTs,with the YIldermeIlt.i

~ Atquition. _ ..ber Number INaber Nnmber Figure Shoulder Point Point of Mean Absolute ! Strength A~le ~ Aimed at. Impact. Distance of ... DelCription and Number of - or 0 ,of of o( of of t ..S ------PolntofMeli.u Raap. ud Directioa of Weight ~ 0 t Rille. of Elevation. FUed Impact and Powder. S S t:C Wlud. Diameter Shoti. Hitl. Miua. Triab. \';Ierit. b Rest. from Point Hor. Vert. Hor. Vert. Aimed at. t1:l I gf~ J ~ "tl --. -.. ------, ------~ YIIfW. Inches. q " • ~ ~t. ~/. Pul. Put. Fed. t-1 /SSO grs. 70 grs. 8' Enfleld, • -- 800 a.E, } 20 20 - 6 18'48 2 16 30 29'04 64 Fixed 12 12 10'64 1~'71 1'1\0 o · Light. '4'f¥' c.&.B.No.6 "IIJ 88 Whitw~rtb, 13 · · )I ". - 15'36 2 17 0 ,. 11'46 12'67 0"5 C " " " " " " " " ~ 8~ Whi~worilJ~ - l t& · · ,. - 16'92 fa It 12 ,. 60 9'63 10'14 INM ::; " " " " " "" " ~ to Lfield, • 17'76 2 7 48 · - - " - II 11'47 12'45 0'70 > " " " " " " " " " Z 91 Enfield,5 18'(}~ ~ 10'~9 (j · · - - 6 0 II· 62 13 SO 2'45 " ,\v " " " " " " " " t;I;l P2 WhitWQrth, 16 • - ,. 16'80 2 17 12 9'~7 19·23 2'76 W · " " " " " " " " " " t::l 88 Whitworth, 11 - - 13'68 2 16 42 57 9'41 3'15 - " " " " " " " " " " lS'88 I t; 94 W. Richards, BL 1. '468"and 76 grs. · II ~ '447" - 1/s'72 ~ 9 lfj) 10'72 12'03 , 1'28 ~ / c.&B.No.6 }" " " '" " " " " 1)5 W, RioMrdS, BL II. • - 10'82 2 8 24 15'18 9'Ho i a'eo " " " " " " " " " " " ~ 96 Whitworth, 12 ,. - 16'80 2 11 80 10'71 14'13 248 ·· " " " " " " " " ~ " " ~ ~ • TVi'llt U ' X Iif'. tr:l COM P.t\. R ISO ti, ~

~_ _ H_ - Mean Radial . 1e Mean Detl~on. Rl1Iee. D"~ • MWl4111 • • • , Inc/lH. 0 It PHI. Enfield . . . . . 18'02 2 9 4S 1'96 J. St. Georg~resident. Whitworth, HB . . . 17'1t 2 lIS 1S8 3'04 .. TA:bLE, No. 36 Col) 1.0

, - Ammunition. Stnngth Point Point 01 Mean Number l'fWbi4r Jfllto. l'ftahr Figure ..: Shoulder Aimed at. Ablolute k Description and Nnmber or B I.mpact. DiatanOll of ...0 Angle .: .. Rauge. and Direction of Weisht of 01 01 01 ~ S or Point 01 Mean II of 0 ,Q Rifte. and 01 Elevation. S Fixed Im~ , Wind.' Powder. 0 Diameter Shots. Hita. Miuea. Triala. Merit. :II from oint • ~ ot BlIIW. Reat. Hor. Vert. Hor. Vert. Aimed at. o l:l:l J ~ ------r:/). - , iI 0 0 ---- Yard.. Incltn. l • Feel• PHI. Feel, Feel. Feel. Whit1rbrih; 18 E, by N. 630 grs, 70 SI'Il. ;j 07 · 800 2tJ - 8 16'96 2 10 6 20'576 6G Fixlid 12 1~ · Light. '442" c.&s.No.6 11't8 li'g8 1'26 76 SI'l!. ~ ;l lJ8 W. RI~hll.i1ls, II '468"aod :a - - '447" t,.&H,No.6 - 24'96 21& 0 8'80 12'80 "'7& ~ 00 W. Richardll. 4, " " " " " " " " rn ,t .~ ., 10'4. 2 1. 54 · · " n - 67 ,. .t 10'64 12'48 1'48 100 Whitworth, 14 " " " - · - ., - U'04 2 20 80 ,. 9'35 9'80 3'85 ~ I' " " " " " " " I" lOI Whitworth, 15 ., 17;88 2 17 42 66 " · · " " - 13'77 13'27 2'15 ~ 102 W. ltlchlU'ds, ~ " " " " " " " - - ,. 211tJ4 9 "I 0 10'27 · " ./' " " " " " ,. U'68 8'10 L08 Lancaater, 1 ,t ., ,; 18'12 " " " o · - - " .; tI - 2 24 42 ,; .. g'4e 12'44 2'56 2 104 Whitworth, 11 ~ " " " z ~ - - ., - 17'28 2 18 0 0'01 12'08 2'15 C) " 70"grs. .. ,. ,. l05 Whitworth, 12 " " " " " · - I, '442" t,&8, No.6 } ., ., - 17'28 2 12 48 56 ., 11'87 11'09 1'10 " " " ~ l06 lAlnC8i!ler, 2 · - - ., ,. - ., .11»'20' 51 13 III - " ~ " " ., " 10:19 .lI'89 1'76 l07 Lancaster, 3 " ~ " " " · - · h ., - 20'64 2lS 86 7'06 4:96 r:n " " " " " " ., 11'41 lOS Wbitworth. 16 - 11'28 2 13 42 " " ;s: · ,. - - ,. ., S'24 1889 8'95 " " " " " " " " " ~ Target U' )IC 24.' Co.MPARISON: >­ s=== BltiI. MeaoRadial ~A.n,le, r:n Dl¥lMIlKll Mean Deftection, . , l/1cA., 0 " Feel, W. Richards, BL · · • 2tH!6 ~ 10 42 ~'6S -Whitworth, HB · ·- · 16'67 2 17 6 2'48 . Lancaster ~ - · · · I Jo·n 21 50 9'215 (." Whitworth, DB 1 J. It. G,orge, · · - 16 !!8 2 14 60 7'20 c:.n ~ . President. ("n (\."\~ • TABLE, No. 37. ~/

RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Competitive Small Bore RiBee, 28th Maroh 1862.

Precision with Clean Arms.-Lubrication, Grease.

I - Ammunition. Point Point of Mean Absolnte Nnmber Nnmber Number ;Nnm1>er F"1pI'8 Shoulder Aimed at. Impact: Distance of Eo · " I '" " " " " I " " I . ]2'97 13-00 Z 113 Whitworth, HB 18 - - 24'72 8 11 24 I 49 - 11'69 n - " ~ " " " " " " " " tr.l 114 Whitworth. L B 3 37'44 8 6 86 - 12'29 8'~5 12'?5 · - - - " w. " " " " " " " " " tr.l 116 Whitworth, LB 4 - - 29'16 8 11 42 ., - 9'98 9'76 10'30 t"4 · " " " " " " " " " ~ ~ 116 Whitworth, HB 14 81'66 8 10 0 - 11'60 12'20 11'60 - - " " 1003 " I " " " " " " " 21'00 8 780 18'69 14'30 13'90 117 Whitworth, HB 15 - i ." ,. - - n · " " " " " " " _. " o 118 Whitworth, L B 5 ., ,. 31'44 3 o 30 .n ., 12'44 11'01 12'50 s:: - - " ' - " " " " I " . ~ 'Target 24.' X 24'. ~ tr::l C 01\1 PAR 180 N.

Rills. Mean Radial MelIII Angl& Mean DeIection. DmatioD. ,

IlIClu. , Fret• Llcbl • " Whitworth - . . Baml.- 20',26 8 8 '6 11"1 J. St. George, Hooyy Prflllident. Whitworth . - -Blm.)".~ 26'18 8 9 2J 12'88 ~--- TABLE, No. 38• ... CoI:I RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the undcnnentioned Competitive Small Bore Rifles, 29th March 1862. \Q. .. Precision with Clean Arml.-·Lubrication, Greast,

..J Ammunition. II I I I I, I Point I Point of Mean Absolute Strength Number :Sumber Number Number Figure AI . .: 'Shoulder Aimed at. Impact, Distance of k Description and Number of \, linge • ~ ~ Point ofMean Range, and Direction of r Weight of I of of I'of of f EI' .! S or j - -- Impact Rille, and I: 0 entlon, a ~ ~ ~ ~ from Point o Wind. 'I Diameter Powder, Shob!. '. Hlta. 'MllSeti. Trials, Merit. ,FlaedRMt"jHor, I Vert. I Hor. I Vert. Aimed at. ~ Z of BqUet. : . IXl t: I u. -II I I -:-:-~I---:-I---IFeet,I-Fre-t,I~-1 Feel. -I-Feet. ~ Yards. i---i-I-1JIC-Jie-.'I-o 00 l 119 I Whitworth, HB 11 . - 1,000 N.W. I 530 D'rs. 70 grains. } I ' • ~ Q c.&H,No.6,1 20 20 - 8 33'36 3 12 42 ,29'3" 45 Fu:ed - I 12 I 14"6 I 1)-78 I 14'65 Light, I ~ 12~ 00- IEnfield, 1 - " I " ,. ""- ,,25'80 2 68 12,,, " " - I ., I 12'52 I ]2'98 I 12'55 t I 121 Enfield, 2 18 o ! - 6 21-60 3]0 46 It - I" I 12'67 I 15'87 I ]8'15 ~ - " 40 "" ,. I ,. 1" 122 Whitworth, lIB 12­ It " " It I-" 17'52 3 1 36 ., ""- I" I 13'92 I ]1)'02 I ]5'65 e " ~ t'"' ::I: 123 Whitworth, HB 13 ­ '1--.... 7 19'80 300 48 -I" I U'63 I 14'99 12'00 " " " " " " " Z h!4 Enfield. 8 - 34'32 370 -I"I 12'06 I ]:)']0 12'08 -t:=l " " " " " " " " " ":I:j 125 I' Enfield, 4 6 20'4.0 3 0 42 ,. ., "; 13''''3 I 13'31 13'80 o " " " " " " ~ 126/ Whitworth, 14 - 23'76 8 6 18 11'66 0'04 11'00 " " " " " " " " " I 00 " I 127 Whitworth, 16 • 20']6 8 8 18 10'O~ 3: It " 0'68 1"62 " j " " " " " " " >t'"' 128 I Enfield, IS ,. 24'60 2 54 12 ,. 8'84 16'~6 9·90 t'"' l " " " " " , " " " :::a> Tuwe' 2., X24.:. ;s: COMPAIUSON· - .00

RI4ea. )Ieen Radial Mean Angle, Mean Deftection. DeYiatIoa,

1~1&H, o /I PHI, Enfield • 25'84 825 12'80 J. St. Georg" President. Whitworth 24'72 3' 5 47 I ]2'83 ~ c I '0:.\\' " (\ TABLE, No. 39. ~ 00 / RESULTS of EXPBRIMENTS, with the undermentioned Competitive Sma.ll Bore Rifle8, 31st March 1862. ./.

Precision with Clean Arm8.-Lubrication, Grea8e.

oJ .. I Point Point of Mean 2!l Ammunition. Absolute E: Strength NumberINumber Number Number Figure Shoulder Aimed at. Impact. ... Description and Number of Anglo ----- ~- Diatance of 0 .: ! I Point of Mean Range. aod Direction of .Weight of of of of of a or ~ 0 ImpRct Rille. and of Elevation: Wind. Powder. a ~ I from Point Diameter Shot&. Hit.. Mi_, Trials. Merit. Fixed Rest. Hor. Vert. Hor. Vert. 1Z of Bullet. ~ ~ I Aimed at. ~ , I ------"0 ------0-,-,-, - - 0 - YartU. 0 -- - [rae"", 1- WHI. eF"',-' FHI, Fe." F••I. o 129 W. Richards. 1 1,000 W. 76 grs, ·· 530 grs. c.&B.No.6. } 20 !l0 6 27'72 .3 5 42 20'596 57 Fixed 12 15'82 12'85 15.82 ~ Light. '46S" & 70 grs, } o 180 Whitworth, 11 S,W. '4'7" - ., 23'16 3 7 36 - 12'27 11'70 12'27 ~ · · c.&B.No.6, " I " '442" " " " " " i - 131 Whitworth, 12 - ,. ., - 21 3 7 80 - 14.'61 10'81 14'60 o · " .~ " " \ " 1 '12 " " " '. ~ 132 W. Riohards, 2 - 24'72 3 2 18 - 16'4S 10'25 16'05 o - - " " " " " " " " " " z 51 > 133 W, Richards, 3 · - " - " 31'80 :1 59 42 I " - 6'82 12'60 6'\10 ~ " / " " " I " " C':! 134 Whitworth, 18 25'20 3 6 48 . ,. 8'27 14'11 I 8'60 t:;tj - I - I · · " " I " " " " " " " 'I'J 135 Whitworth, 14 · II - 22'56 3 4 12 68 - 6'Y3 10'19 7'15 ~ · " " " " " " " " " ~ W. Richards, 4 ., 3J'82 8 2 48 - . 7";96 ]6'81 9'25 ~ 186 · · " " " - " " " " " a " I ~ 187 W, Richards, 5 · - ..... ~I- - 28'02 2 57 (} I' 49 - 10'47 ]3'71) 10'65 " " " " " " " " C1 138 Whitworth, ItS · - - 23'64 8 7 64 ., ., - 8'85 12'84 S'86 o " " " " " " " " ~ 189 Whitworth, 11 · - S.W, to ., - , 23'28 3 8 18 - 4']2 II 03 4'25 s= " S,S.W. " " " " " " " 100-< " i ~ 140 Lancaster, 1 - ,. 22 3 II 0 ., - ,- 0'95 13'10 6-00 - - · " " " " " , '441 " " I-j £;5 COMPARISON. 'I'arget, 24' " 24'.

Rlllea.. [ M-RUWDeviation. Mean Angle. I. Dellection.M_

[nc!lc8. 0 , II I Feel. Westley Richards· _. 28'80 8 8 61 j I1-S3 J. St. Georgt, President, Whitworth, HB -•- \ 23']3 \ 3 () 36 10'18 101 ~ TABLE, No. 40. ~ • RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Competitive Small Bore Rifles, 1st April 1862.

Precision with Clean .Arm,.-LubricoJion, Greale.

..,I Point Point of 1I1ean ~ Ammunition. Shoulder Absolute \NlUDber Number Number INumber Figure .: Aimed at. Impact. Distance of E-t• Dellcription and Number of Strength Angle I I ... ..: it or ---- ~~- Point of Mean 0 Range. and Direction of Weight of of of of of :l S Impact Rille. of Elevation. 0 ..OJ \ I S .<> Wind. and : Powder. " FindReat. Hor. Vet. Hor• Vert. from Point 0 S Diameter i Shot., Hitl. Mi_, Trial.. Merit. ~ Aimed at. of Bullet. , r.l:l ~ 2: Z'" I ------00 ------~ a , 0 rant., I IMAu. " • 'Ht. FNI. F,". FHt. ht. ~ Lancaster, 2 530 grs.J 70 grs. tf] 141 - - 1,000 20 6 22'92 3 5 o ,29'944 54 Fixed 12 13'72 10'32 13'85 - S.W. to '442" c.&H.No.6. } 20 - - ~ S.S.W. I 3 7 18 15'09 11'12 15'12 r.n 142 Whitworth, 12 - · » ." - 35'16 - Fresh " " " " " " " " 0 I ":I:j Whitworth, 15 and Gusty. I 28'20 3 5 36 - 13'30 10'76 13'35 143 - - " " - " " " " " " " " I ~ 11'60 12'59 144 I Lancaster, 8 ~, 30'72 3 4 36 11'00 - - - I " " " - " " " - " ~ • == " " I -t"" 57 10'00 ~ 145 Whitworth, ] 1 1,200 - 14 40'32 4 4 24 - 12'69 10'05 - · " " " " " " " Z 0- 146 Whitworth, 1 - - 'V - 49'68 4 4 6 ., ., - 8'65 8'68 9'20 " " "" " " " " "'%j 3 58 48 11'18 ]thlO 11'70 0 147 Whitworth, 2 ,; - 6 44'76 - -- " " " " " " " " ~ 148 WhitwortlJ, ] 2 - · J .. - 49'SO 4 0 6 - 12'23 7'63 13'65 00 " ...."f " " " " " " " " ~ 1.9 Whitworth, 13 - 51'00 4 2 0 56 - 12'67 ]5'21 13']0 ~ - - " " " ". " " " " " t"" t"" ]50 Whitworth, 3 - - 44'52 4 1 36 - 12'40 8'2.j ]3'U5 - " " " " " " " " " " > Tarret. 24' X 24'. ~ CO M PARI SON. 00

Mean Radial Rilles. Deviation. MeanAlllle. Meen Deflection. . I'/Idu. n ., H Fut. c,~ Whitworth, HB - - - 28'88 8 7 4 ] O'91l J.8t. George, Lancl.llter . - - - 25'36 3 6 62 10'4R Presiden', ~ I CJ\ \ '0 ".-.J TABLE, No. 41. o·O'l RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Competitive Small Bore Rifles, 2d April 1862. / Preci8ion with Clean .Arm8.-Lubrication, Grease. /' -- Ammunition, Point Point of )fcan Ablolute Number Number Number Number Figure Angle ~ Shoulder aimed at. Iwp&l'_t. Dlltance of Strength I Point of Mean ...0 Deacriptlon and Number Weight ot of of of of ~ or Impact .. Bange. and Dlreetlon ot of Cl I otlWle. and Powder, Bar, from Point WIDd. Dbuneter Sbot.. Bib. Mines. Trial.. Merit. Elentlon. ~ ~ FIxed BeaLl Bor. Vert. VerL aimed at. it otBullet. III• ~ leE-! I , F«t, FHI, FHI. ~ Tardl. Inches, I 0 0 0 F«t.Fm, " 10'16 3'50 un Whitworth, LB 4. 1,200 S.S. W. 630 If1'a1I18 ~70 grainl ~O 20 - 8 42'12 4. o 4.2 20'748 69 Fixed 6 12 0'01 ~ - - (,.,&42" ~,"H.No.6. ~trong. ~ 45'00 3 67 12 11'48 16'01 6'25 152 Whitworth, HB 14. - · " " " " " - " " " " " " 10'04 10'75 o 163 Whitworth, HB 15 - - 4.8'48 , 2 48 16'63 "%j · " " " " " " " " " " ,- " 0'70 o llH Whitworth, LB 0 · - - 3888 3 56 36 13'00 17'71 =:a " " " " " " " " " " " ~ I 12'71 5'30 0'45 1;)5 Whitworth, LB 1 - - - 10 38-88 3 58 J8 57 ~ " " " "" " " " " ~ 10'02 4'05 ~ 166 Enfield, 1 - 42'72 3 40 54 0'48 I - · - " " " " " " " " " " " o 13'03 3'85 t%.:l 11S7 Enfield, 2 · - 6 36'61) 3 54 12 " 9'38 - - " " " " " " " " " 00 •• 15'13 4'20 ~ 158 Whitworth, LB 2 - 42-72 3 51 0 8'82 - · " " " "" " " " " " " r;;; 8'45 159 Whitworth, LB 8 60 60 - 41-44. 4. 2 56 - - - · " " " " - " - - ~ " I 7'25 160 Enfield, 8 - - 53'16 4. 5 32 ' - - - - - o - - " " " " " " " " o 20 20 - 45'84 363 6 05 6 12 0'60 lii'OIS 4'80 ~ 161 Enfield,4 - - - " " " " " " 0'84 2'50 a:: 162 Whitworth, LB f - 47'5'2 3 54. 0 4.'73 - · " " " " " " " " " " " - Target lU' X lU'. ~ COM PAR ISO N. --- Mean Radial lIean Deflection. Rifles. Deviation. Mean Angle. I , IncM8. 0 " Peet. Whitworth, HB 40'02 4. 3 G 10'76 J, St. George, President. Whitworth, LB 48'00 4 0 0 9'43 TABLE, No. 42• ... ~ ~ RESULTS of EXl'EIUMENTB, with the undermentioned Competitive Small Bore Rifles, 4th April 1862.

Precision with Clean Arm8.-Lubrication, GretUe, o Ammunition. s: Point Point of Mean Ablolute Strength Nnmber Number Number Nnmber Figure Angle :l Sboulder aimed at. Impact, D1ltaoee of z ...0 Deeeriptlon BOd Number .: .. Polut of Mean Range. and Direction of Weight of of pf of of of ..... II or t.,J and .. Impact ,0., of Rifle. Powder. S from Point Wind. Diameter Shots. Hlte. 1lI11ll1ell. TriBIs, Mtrlt. Blevatlon. e !.. Fixed RllIt'l Bor. Vert, lIor. Vert. ~l or Bullet. a! l!5 aimed at. ~ , I, ~ Yard.f. Inche,. a , /I 0 0 Feet. Feel Fut. Fut. Fut. rJJ 168 Whitworth, LB 6 1,200 W. li3O£;lns 70 grains 20 20 - 6 66'40 4 16 42 29'11 66 Fixed 0 12 10-61 9'18 5'25 · · Light, o· 2" C.leH.No.6. ~ 164 Enfield, 5 . - 52'92 4 7 0 12'98 17'31 8'75 · · " " " " " " " " " " " ~ 161S Whitworth, 1 - 6'8~ 10'00 2'00 lZl · · " " - " 41'04 4 10 M 54 I ~ ~ " " " " " " " 166 W, Riohard., 1 '468"& 76 grainl III 1 60'76 4 10 42 9'10 17'66 16'10 ~ , - - " '447" " " " " " " " ~ 167 W. RiobardB, 1 4 17 12 16'68 1~'86 18'66 · · " " " " " - " 48'S4 " " " 3 " ~ 168 Whitworth, 2 - · - + - 66'40 4 10 IS 6 16'99 12'72 11'00 " " " " " " "" " " rJJ 'l'uget 14' X 14', COM PAR ISO N, ~

Mean Radial lWIee. Deviation, I MeBO Angle. Mean DeftectlO1l, ; , rJJ, IftCheI. 0 " FM, , Enfield • 46-25 I 3 57 67 1S'74

J, St, George, Whitwortll, LB 46'89 I 4 0 35 0'{l7 President. ...0') (~ ~~ "'- TABLE, No. 43. O'l ~ RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Competith'e Smnll Borc Rifles, 7th :md 8th April 1862. Precision with Clean Arms.-Luhrication, Grease. _._- . , , "I I' I Ammunition. I. Point Point of Mean Absl)lnte ~ os Description and Nnmber Strength NnmberI NUUloor INumber Number Figure Angle . Shoulder aimed at, Impact, I Distance at Range. Rnd Direction of Weight of of of of of of I ~ S or -- Point of Mean aDd QI .8-.l of Rifle. Wind. Powder, I ~ 0~ I Impact ~~ Diameter Shots. Hi19. Misse.. Trial., Merit. Elevation., FlxedRest. Hor. Vert. Hor. Vert. from Poiut ~E-t of Bullet. ..,I I ~ ~ , ! aimed "_t_._ ---+'-- : ------,-- .. -~----,--- --,------.,--' ." . , Yard.. Inche•. Fut., Feet. Feet. Feet. Feet, 169 Whitworth, LB 3 1,200 530 grs'l70 grs. 20 20 8 49'S"2 4, 16 18 I SO'8161 63 Fixed 6 12 12'86 10'63 7'00 ~ N.N.E. '442" C,&H.No.6. o 170 W. Richards, 3 Light. '468 M and 76 grs, 17 3 83'64 4 18 54 13'40 14'22 7'75 " '447" " " " " " " " ~ J.l 136!i 171 W. Hichards, 4 ,. 3 68'40 4 19 30 '1 12'82 16'76 "I" " " o " " " "'%j 17'2 Whitworth, LB 4 ,. 20 02'82 4 21 48 I" I 6 14'46 6'93 8'70 " -to " " " " " " o 173 Whitworth, LB 5 10 I 9 62'64 4 22 12 ., 3 12'59 11'78 9'60 ~ " "I " " " " " t; 174 W. Richards, 0 20 55'44 4 0 48 13'18 14'39 13'40 Z " "I" " " " " " " ~ 175 Lancaster, 1 - ., 8 61'32 4 2ll 12 130'328 46 12 Ill'61 16'04 n'IO " "I" " " " ~ 176 4 29 6 i 4'SO Wbitworth, LB I 53'40 ., 15'69 9'73 00 " "I" " " " " " " " l:r;l 177 Whitworth, LB 2 G I 40'44 4 15 ) 2 I30'31 G 51 8 ll'oS 8'.)7 10'00 " " " " " " " " ~ 178 Lnncllstcr, 2 - ,. ., I 50'40 4 15 24 12'07 11'02 15'10 ~ " " " " I " " " " -I I " 179 Whitworth" LB 4 8 4- 26 36 ! 30328 45 6 10'10 13'48 10'20 (1 " ", u " " i 48'00 " " o 180 Lancaster, 3 - ~ I 4- 24 12 i 15'78 12'90 \)85 is: "I" " /52'H I I " " ~ I " " " I " " "

C 0 1\1 PAR ISO N. Target 24' X 24 '. ~ trj Meon Radial Rifles, DcYiatlon, I l\Ienn Angle. Menn Deflection. ------, Inc"-. " I II F~et. W. Riohards - · . - 61'41 4 ]5 13 Il'SH Whitworth, LB · - - 62'84 4 16 18 7'66 Lancaster - . 56'72 4 21 66 ]0'34 - · J. St. George, Whitworth, Ln 60'28 4- 23 - - - 88 0'83 President. ... TABLE, No. 44. ~ RESULTS 01' EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Competitive Large and ~LUall Bore Rifles, 14th a.nd ~5th April 1862. \0 Precision with Clean Arms.

Ammunllion. Polut IPuint of Mean Abliolute Number ! Number Number Figure Augte Iii Shoulder aimed at. Impact. Distance of "- Strength I Number I -.; I 0 Description and Number P"int of Mean and Direction or Weight aC of of of of of ~ & or j..s Range, .. 0 --I Impact or lUtle. Wind. and Shots. Hits. Miaeea. Trials. Merit. Elevation. B Fixed Rolt. from Point Diameter Powder. e ~ Hor. Vert., Hor. Vert. ~~ ..r:l aimed at. of Bullet. Ze-. D!! Eo< I I , o Dram8. I 17 Lancaster, 4 · 10'66 o 40 24 " 16'90 1l'82 1-10 ~ - " " " - " " 18 Enfidd, D 4 · " " " 8'52 o 49 0 " " " 17'88 103-l 1"67 - " " - " " >- 19 Enfield, D 5 " " " " 9-72 045 42 " " " 16'85 10'16 2'15 · · " " " " " - " " " " " " 20 Lancaster, 6 - - . - 10-44 04424 16'97 ll'OO 2'03 ~ " 1 " " " I " " " " " " " Target 24 X U feet. COM PAR ISO N. COM PAR ISO N.

I Mean Mean Radlal Mean Angle. Rifles. I Meanl>eTlatlOll.Radial I Mean Angle. I n:J:::;on. Rifles. Deviation. De1lectlon. ( Inche•• " Fret_ Inchu. • I " F«t. ',,- \.'0 Enfield, D 10'20 o 4.9 50 1'82 L:ln<~Rstel' • - - 10'06 0 22 1'78 J. RI. George, . '" \ Presiueut. '- '-J Whitworth, HB 3'89 o 49 46 1'24 Eufiehl, D . - 0'07 0 '"liO II 1'60 Q) ~ " TABLE, No. 46. RESULTS of EXl'EBIMENTS, with the undermentioned Competitive Large and Small Bore Rifles, 24th and 25th April 1862. za Precision with Clean Arms.

I Ammunition. I Point Point of Mean Number Number'INumber .: Ablolnte .... Description and Number Strength Number Figure Angle ~ I Shoulder aimed at. Impact. Distance of 0 t III Range. and Direction of Welght of of of of of of ~ a :or Point of Mean ,!.J of RIOe. and 0 Impact Wind. Powder. Shote. Hltl. M1.ueI, Trial.. Merit. Elevation. Fixed Relt. Diameter ~ ~ IIor. 1 Vert. Bor.\ V~rt. from Point ~i of Bullet. , ~ e:; aimed at.

o IYarch. I ["eM., 0 I II 0 0 I Feet. FHt. Feet. Feet. Feet. ~ 21 Enfield. D 1 - - 600 S.S.W. : 530 gralnl. 2l drs. J2 20 20 6 18'48 1 3036 30'122 65 Fixed 12 12 12'31 10'62 1'38 Fresh I 0'1)6" 70l{ralos - "tl C.&H.No,6. I o 22 Whitworth, HB 11 u increasing. ' '4W' - 9'00 1 21 12 12-78 12'98 1'26 · i " " " " " Strong. i ! " " " ~ 23 Whitworth, HB 12 - Variable to S. - 6'60 1 19 54 ,. 1263 12'67 0'95 " to S,S.E. " " " " " " " " " o 24 Enfield, D 2 - n n 19'92 1 2630 , 10'67 13,32 1'82 ~ - " " i " - " .. " . " " 26 Enfield, D 3 - .. ,.~ .. 15'36 1 25 42 11'79 11'90 0'28 - " " .. - " " " " " .. o 26 Whitworth, H B 13 - 8'64 1 23 18 12'18 12'49 0'50 " " " " " - " " " .. " ~ '¥l Whitworth, HB 19 6'24 1 19 42 ,. " 1271 13'21 1'40 - " .. " "" - " " .. " 28 Enfield, D 4 - 14'88 1 'UI 48 I " 13-21 10'00 1'60 -- " .. " " " " " .. " .. " ~ 29 Enfi.eld, D IS - - n 16-66 1 23 24 : 9'87 11'61 2'15 .~ " " " " - " " " " "" ~ 30 Whitworth, 15 - 6'48 1 18 361 12043 10'65 1'40 · " : " " " " - " " " .. " 31 Lancaster, 1 . - S.E. 40 40 12 20'70 1 15 sa 72 " - 1'52 00 " Calm. " " - 29'~1 .. .. - t.:lj 32 Enfield, D 1 It 1 28 18 " -- .. .. " .. - " 17'88 " .. .. - - I 205 &;j 33 Enfield, D 2 20 !!O 6 16'20 1 2824 " " 11'46 ]1'61, 1'11S - - .. .. - It I .. .. " " .. ~ 34 Lancaster, 2 - to - 1~'96 I 20 6 ! 12'96 9-09 300 - " t .. " .. I ...... " .. " 3IS Lancuter,3 17'28 1 2:! 18 I 73 12'69 12'05 0'70 - - " ...... - .. , 36 Enfield. D 3 " " " " " 8 - - 14'61 1 28 0 to i 12'23 10'03 2'00 - .. " " .. .. " " .. .. " a:: :rr Enfield, D 4 It 15'36 1 26 42 ' 12'32 11'47 0'55 -- " I .. " " - " .. .. , a:: 38 Lancaster, 4 f\ " 17'52 1 2036 " " 12-80 -- " .. " " - " .. 1]1'75 0'82 39 Lancuter, 5 - " 1044 1 21 48 " " " " - " S.W. " ...... - .. 71 .. j 16-28 11'43 4'30 40 Enfi.eld, D 5 . Light. " " " ~ - 15'00 1 28 18 ,. ,. It ,. 17'15 12'09 0'16 · " " " " " " " Target 114' X 24'. COM PAR ISO N. 'I COM PAR ISO N.

)fran Radlal·1 Mean Angle. D~:~~n. RiOes. Mean Radial Mean Angle. Mean R1tll'l. De,laUon, I I De,latlon, Deflection. ---'-----I------I __ ~ _ o I /I IRCh". FHt. Inch". o I" Fett. • Enfield, D 1 27 0 1'43 Lancaster 1';'58 1 19 66 2'07 J. St. GtOt'fIt. 17'04 -I President. Whitworlll, 11 B 7'SO 1 20 32 1'10 Enfield, D 115'01 1 27 1>0 !H8 T ABLE, No. 46. ... pctiti\'c Largc and Small Borc Riflcs, 28th, 29th, and 30tll April 1862• ~ m with Clean Arms. 1.0 Po:nt Point of Mean. Absolute Ammunition. .: Impact. Number Number Kumber Figure Angle ~ Shoulder aimed at. J>istonca oC ~-_._---- . Number .... Strength -- - - ..: 0 Description and Number 5'" Point of Mean 01 of S 0 or t . Range. and Direetion of Weight of of of of Impact of Rifle. nOli '"EO 8 from Point Powder. Shots. Hits. Misses. Trials. Merit. Elentlon. 0 .. Fixed Rest. lIor, IVert, Hor.1 Vert, Wind. Diameter ..os .d'" aimed at. ZEo

0 1 0 0 Feet. Feet. Feet, Feet, Feet. ~ Yard., Inche" " 6 IS'{J6 227 12 30'24 63 Fixed. 12 12 15'47 14'02 3-06 .1 Whitworth, 11 HB Soo : N.W. 530 grains 70 Rrains 20 20 - · '442" C,&ILNo.G, Variable to 17'00 13'04 6-20 ~ 42 Enfield, D 1 N,N,E. O'M" 2ldrs, J2 20'40 2 36 36 -- - / " " " " " " Light. " " " 34,.74 229 3 66 - - - 43 Enfield, D 2 - · 40 40 - 12 " - - ~ " " " 22467 " - - 44 Whitworth, HB 12 - - 6 17'72 - - - ~ " " " " " " 67" " 6 12 14'01 12'59 S'05 00 45 Whitworth, HB 13 - 20 20 - 14-88 2 39 12 " " " " " " 25'44 2 25 54 16'8,5 12'11 10'85 o 46 Enfield, D 3 - · - " " " " " Io:j " " " " " " 29'S8 20024 61 24 9'75 10'38 14'30 47 Enfield, D 4 - " " " ~ - - " " " . " " " 9'30 1 12'63 14'75 ,.,... 48 Whitworth, HB 19 ~ 16-08 224 6 - - " " " " " " l(j'18 9-20 " . " " " " lB'24 2 17 6 6 11'28 49 Whitworth, HB 15 - - " " " " " t: " " " " " 2/)'32 22348 14'10 13'59 8'30 50 Enfield, D is - - - " " " " " z - " " " " " " 0 30'3711 62 24 ,. 15-05 14'21 0'20 (;,) 51 Lancaster, 1 - 26'64 2 17 - - " N.E. " " "" " " 12"l9 12'26 11'90 ~s:j 52 Enfield, D 1 Strong. - 30'00 2 30 42 " - - " "" " " " " "" " lZ'GO 14-60 11'00 o M Enfield, D 2 - - 27'48 2 25 12 " " ~ · " " " " " " " " " 11'96 12'33 12'10 54 Lancaster, 2 - 31'44 2 27 36 " " 00 · · " " " " " " " 888 16'10 16-55 ~ 1S5 Lancaster, 3 " " 27'24 2 26 6 - - - " " " " " H-oo " ,} " " " " " 30'06 23054 10'23 10'03 > 66 Enfield, D 3 - · - " " " " " 12-39 13'33 " " " " " " 30'84 231 30 1067 t:: 57 Enfield, D 4: - - " " " " · " " " " " " 24'36 223 " 10'51 13'36 13'65 58 Lancaster, 4: -- j - 6 " " " " " " " " " " " 32'08 2 :24 42 - 11'60 /;9 Lancaster, 4: - GO 60 18 " - - " - " " " " 12'20 i " " 26'88 228 12 - 00 GO Enfield, D.5 - - " " " - · " I " " " " " " " Target 24' X 24'. COM PAR ISO N. COM PAR ISO N. . Mean Mean Menn Radial Mean Augle. RlBes. Menn Radial Mean Angle. , RiBes. Deflection. I Defiation. I DeBectioD. I Deviation_ -,~ 0 1 Feef. II/ches, 0 1 Feet. Inche8. " J. St. George, " 29'42 2 20 18 12'61 Enfield, D . 28-96 2 30 21 O'G6O'Gll Enfield, D - . President. C'l tc \ 28-35 2 23 42 12'58 ~\\ Whitworth, HB - 11'18 2 26 31 8'90 Lancaster . - fJl TABLE, No. 47. ~ ~ RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Competitive Large and Small Bote Rifles, 2d, 5th, 6th and 7th May 1862. Precision with Clean Ar7n8.

Ammunition. Polot Point of Mean AblOlnte Strencth Number Number Number Number Flgore Angle . ~ Shonlder aimed at. Impacl. Dilltance of ... Description and Number .: Gl 0 Wright of of of 8 Point of 1tlean Range. and Direction of of of of tl 0 or of Rifle. an,l Impact JI..r Powder. Shots. Mi_. Trial•. 8 Wind. D1alHter lilts. Merit. Ele1'8t1on. ~ llixed Re.t. Hor. Verl. B~.I Vort from Point & '" 5 ..:: aimed at. ;,! of Bullet. ~ foo I , ., Yard" I"eh,,_ 0 ci 0 Fttt. Ftet, Fnt. Ft,'_ Feat• ~ ~. ~ 20-05 61 Enfield, D 1 1,000 W_byN. 630 ATBlna 2l drs. ilO !O fJ 4.'3-32 32448 30-232 60 Fixed -16 12 0'91 13'24 · Fresh, 0-5f>" - ~ ;. 62 Whilworib, HB 11 '442" 70 graIns 31'20 3 13 6 -8 12'69 12'04 20'70 · " C.&H.No,6. " " " " " " " ~ 26'04 3 B 6 61 -8 14'70 7'24 28'40 63 Whitworth, liB 12 - " - " " o " "" " 43"92 3 34 12 " -14 " 13'42 9-33 27'fj5 "'%j 64 Enfield, D 2 - - " " " " " - " .. " " " ~ .-r 46'92 3 33 0 -10 13-75 11'79 23'77 Enfield, D 3 o 65 · .. N. by W. " " " " - " " " " " Whitworth, H B 13 Fresh. - 23'04 3 1054 -12 14-21 14-04 26'43 § 66 - .. " " " " " " " " " 67 Whitworth, HB 19 - E.toS.E. - 25'80 3 3 24 30'168 80 -12 12-ltO 14'42 2'45 z " } Fresh. " " " " " 45'96 3 18 6 " 6 " 9'81 12'03 S-81 > 68 Enfield, D 4 - - " " " " " - " " " " " ~ 69 Enfield, D 6 - N.byW. 38'16 325 54 60 -18 6'86 18'10 24'00 - " . Fresh. " " " " -" " " " " ~ 70 Whitworth, DB 11; · } - 26'64 3 6 36 30'232 -14 10'06 13'38 24'10 " " "" " " "" " 10'71 14'31 26'85 rJ'i 7i Lancaster, 1 · - - " 39'60 32330 -16 " t.'=j " " " " " 3 3! 30 " " " -14 7'99 ]2'63 22·00 72 Enfield, D 1 i: - ~ - 46·68 ~ " N,E. " " " " " """ " 11'7(; , 73 Enfield, D 2 - - 43-92 32048 79 6 9·70 6'20 (1 - I " Fresh. " " " " " " " " ~ 74 Lancaster, 2 ~ Un.teady. " . - 47'52 3 742 30'168 .. 14'()() 14'17 8'25 · " " " " " " " " (1 75 Lancaster, 3 60 60 18 42'84 3 11 40 - - - - 7'40 -- " " - " - " o Enfield, D 3 " 55-64 3 ]9 4 - - 6'78 76 - - " " " " - " " - " - - ~ Enfield, D 4 " l 20 20 6 47'64 3 22 54 73 0 ]2 10'4j" 10'-10 10'65 77 · · Light. - " s= " " " 37'92 3 1036 " 11'413 12'62 11"50 78 Lancaster, 4 · - " Heavy Rain. " " " " - " 29'&6 " " " " ~ 79 Lancaster, 6 - M'16 8 16 36 62 6 16'7 7'26 11'75 - - " " " " " " " " " t1j Enfield, D 6 43'20 3 1936 16'60 I 13'40 10'70 80 - I t!:l · - " t " " " " " " " " " " Target 24' X 24'. COM PAR ISO N. COM PAR ISO N.

Mean Radial Mean RifloB. Mean Radial Hean Angle. Mean Riflet. Deviation. Mean Angle. DeflecUon. Deviation, Deflection.

, , Ada. 0 " Jl'Ht. - Incht,. 0 " Fnt. Enfield, D 1 43'00 3 27 12 21'19 Enfield, D - 47'42 3 22 58 11'21 J. St. George, - - - PretJident. Whl'worth, D B . 26'M 3 8 25 10'42 Lancaeter - ~ '3'61 3 14 1 13'16 TABLE, No. 48. CJ.)- RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Competitive Large and Small Bore Rifles, 8th, 9th and 12th Mn.y 1862, 10 Precision with Clean Arms.

Ammunition, .:. Poiut Point of Meau A1JtIolute ... Strength Number Number Number Number Figure Angle S Shoulder ,aImed at. Impact. Distance of 0 Description and Number Ol Range_ and Direction of Weight of of of of of of ~ e or Polut of Mean j..: of Rifle, 0 Impact SOl and a 8 Wind. Diameter Powder. I Shots. Hits, ldiHell. Trials, Merit. Elevation. e Iil Fixed Rest. Hor, Vert_ Hor. Vert. (rom Point al zt of Bullet, l:Q ~ aimed at,

0 0 o Y/lrdl_ Inehe,_ , " 0 Feet, Fed, Fetlt_ FHt. Peet. ~ 81 Whitworth, H~ 11 · 1,200 S,W,toS, r 630 gnUDI. 70 graiuI, 20 20 - 10 52'44 4 748 30-02 65 ~'ixed -6 12 9'89 16'47 16'50 Fresh '«2" C,&H.No.6. ~ 82 Enfield, D 1 - and puffy to I 0'116" 2i drs. JI 16 4 09-36 43742 - 6' 11'72 16'56 18'20 · " " " " " " " 83 ElUield, D 2 I 19 1 8 92'16 4 37 0 29-776 60 -2~ 12'73 13'13 34'80 ~ · · " yory,c;" " " .. t1j 84 Whitworth, HB 12 " " 60'64 4 5 12 -19 U'23 9-60 · " " " 20 - " " " " " 30'30 s= ~ Whitworth, HB 13 · " 6 44'52 4 o 12 66 -10 13'06 9-68 23-20 rn " " " " " - " " " Q6 Enfield, D 3 - - 19 1 72'28 43148 3002 " -15 10-43 1<1'06 25'50 o Enfield, D 4 " " "" " 44050 " " ~ 87 - - It 60 57 3 18 87'10 - - 21'18 " " " " - - - 88 Whitworth, 19 • 60 48'64 4 1010 ., - 11'94 =:0 · " " " " - " - " - - - 89 Whitworth, 15 • · 20 20 - 12 52'20 4 7 42 64 -1 12 10'23 13-41 11'30 - ~ " < " " " " ~ 90 Enfield, D 5 /54'60 42930 0 11'40 18'57 ­ · - W.toS,S,W, - 11'45 ~ " " " " " " " " " 91 Enfield, D 1 · Very strong. 6 77-28 4 26 36 29'68 61 -26 " 8-85 12'45 34'85 o · " " " " " - . " " 112 Lancaster, 1 - 72'00 4 18 18 9'1)4 14'90 35'65 ~ · " " " " " - " " " " " " 93 Lancaster, 2 - t, 12 72-48 42442 59 -16 16'18 12'38 32'20 o · " - " " ~ 94 ED6e1d, D 2 " . ""19 96'48 4 37 6 -19 " 14'09 11-85 33"09 · · " ~ " 1 " " " " " rn 95 Enfield, D 3 - " " 18 2 B 86'62 433 6 56 -18 15'SO 15'07 29-00 · " ~ 96 Lancaster, 3 " Calm. " " " &9'04 4 30 6 " -16 " 11'84 - 20 /' 14'96 80'98 >- - " " - " " " " 97 LaDcuteI',4 - " ., " 14 67'08 42812 60 -10 g'84 12'90 19-34 ~ · " " - " " 98 Enfield, D 4 - - " " 18 2 84'48 445 0 -6 " 12-88 11-90 18-90 " " " " " " "" >- 99 Enfield, D I) - · 17 ,3 16 90'36 44086 62 +0 ,." 5-31 15-60 8'70 100 Lancuter, 5 " E. " " " 54-84 4 32 0 " " 4'2($ ~ - - V,ry)igM,+ 20 - +6 8'M-! 15'15 " " " " " " "" " rn Target 24 X 24 feet, COM PAR ISO N, C 0 14 PAR ISO N,

Mean Radial Mean Badia} RIfles. H~ Mean Rifles, MellO Angle. ' Hean DeYiatioD. A.ngle, Deflection. Deviation. Deflectloo, ~\rl:: ~ , , 11 IncheR. 0 " Feet. Inchll. • Peet. Enfield, D . 81'10 4 86 34 22'25 Enfield, D . . B7'02 4 36 29 23-91 J. St. Geor.tfe, ~ - President_ Whitworth, HB - 49'69 4 6 13 18'65 Lancaster . . 65'09 4 26 40 24'48 ,,'O'l \.....\ TABLE, No. 49. 0'1 00 RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Small Bore Rifles, 14th and 15th May 1862. Precision with Clean Arms.-Lubrication, Grease enveloped in Wax.

Ammunition. Point Point of Meau Number Number Number FIgure Angle .: Absolute Number I .'!! Shonider aimed at. Impact. Distance of Dp.ICI'lptioD and NDDlber Slrength ., 'S Weight of of of of of of S or --- Point of Mean Range. and Direction of !i 0 J~ and ..S Impact of Rifie, Powder. Shots. Hits. Mllses, TrIals. Merit, Elevation, ~ from Point Wind. Diameter ~ ., rlxed Rest. lior.IVert, Hor. Vert. Ol!!' of Bullet. j:q aimed at. Z~ tl I , Yard•• ['IlCh,., • !l Q Feet, F"t, Feet, Feet• Feet. ~ Small " t::;j 1 Enfield, 1 300 E. by N. 630 grains 70 grains 20 20 - 6 0'52 o 40 54 29'96 54 Fixed 12 12 14'38 11'97 2'38 -- ~ '442" C,&H.No.6. Fresh. ~ 2 Whitworth, 11 ,. - 4'08 o 44 52 ,. 12 12 14'28 12'51 2'40 - - " " " " " " " ~ 4'92 o 41 54 n 3 Whitworth, 12 - · " - " " 12 " 14'89 2'75 2'90 o " " " " " " I'%j 4- Enfield, 2 . - 6'36 o 43 30 12 14'19 2'34 2'36 - · " " " " " " " " " " o 6'00 o 38 li4 I) Enfield, 3 - - - ." " - " " 53 6 7'09 2'45 1'65 E5 " " " " " ~ 6 Whitworth, 13 / - 4'H o 41 36 0 7'91 2'30 2'05 - - " ~ " " " " I " " " " " ~ 7 Whitworth, 19 ,. - 3-12 o 88 86 18 19'65 2'84 1'70 - - " " " " " " " " II ~ 4,'92 o 38 36 8 Enfield, 4 - - · " - 18 20'26 8'37 2'30 00 " " " " " " " " " t;lj I) - 5'64 o 38 42 Enfield, I) - - - " 15 ]7'07 2'62 2'25 &; - " \ " " " " " " " " 10 Whitworth, 15 - 4'28, o 39 54 15 17'68 2'06 2'80 ~ - - " " " " " " " " " " Smull a 11 Lancaster, 1 -~ I, 4,80 o 40 18 29'968 50 18 20'66 2'12 2'80 - \ " " " " - " "" o 12 Lancaster, 2 N. - 2'88 o 44 18 6 9'58 3'20 3'00 s= - - - " ' . " Fresh. " " " " " " " " s= 13 Lancasier, 8 Heavy rain, - 5'76 o 42 0 0 9'58 3'01 3'58 - - - " " " " " " " " " ." -~ t;lj Target 2-4.' X 24', COM PAR ISO N.

Rifles, Mean Radial DevialloD. Mean Angle. l'feau Deflection.

[nelle•• 0 , F.eet. Small " Enfield -- - - Bore. 5'09 0 40 7 2'19 Whitworth, HB - . - 4-17 0 41 22 2'37 J. St. Geor}:;eaidcllt. t4ma1l 4"48 0 42 12 3'33 Lanca.ter - . - Boro, TABLE, No. 00. ~ RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with tho undermcntioned Small Bore Rifles, 16th May 1862. top- Precision fcitll Clean Arms.-Luhrication, Grease env,loped in Wax.

" Ammunition. -,- I, Point I Point or Mean Abaolute Strength ______INumb~'~um~r Number Number Figure Angle ~ Impact. Dletanee of DSlIC!'lption and Number Sh.'I'''''''''''' " . 'l; and Direction of Weight of Point oC Mean Range. or I or of or II or ~ )..,1 and I Impact of Wfle. MlllSCB. Trials, Merit. Elention. from Polut Wind. Diameter I Powder, Shots. Hit.. Hor. Vert. j ~ Fl'':''''' 1 aimed at. !H of Bullet, .+...

Inl'1~c,. •I 'I o o Feet'IIFeet• Feet, Feet. Fan. o Yard" ~ 5mBIl 530 grains 70 g'roins 20 I 20 6 11'52 I 20 86 20'92 70 Fixed I (l : 12 14'89 10'26 910 14 Enfield, I .. Bore. 500 I N.W. 0'442" C.&H.No.6, 00- Light. 15 Whitworth, II 10'92 1 33 48 14'47 I 10'59 8'60 ~ " "I" "I" " " " " " " 16 Whitworth, 12 8'28 1 25 48 69 ,. 17'37 I 12'80 11"40 ;3 "I" "I" " " " " " ~ 17 Enfield, 2 6'72 1 82 6 ,. 16'98 I 11'80 11'00 UJ " " 1 " " I " " " " " " J 11'76 1 11 6 63 16'06 I 10'46 C IS Enfield,4 10'20 ~ " ~ "I" "I" " " " " " 19 Whitworth, 19 ,. 7'20 1 19 0 16'02 I 11'40 10'06 ~ " "I" "I" " " " " " ~ Ib~6 ~ 20 Whitworth, 20 7'68 1 14 12 64 I 11'81 6'60 t""4 " "I" "I" " " " " ~ " ~ 21 Enfield, 8 ,. I •• 10'20 1 14 42 ., ,. 13'54 I 10'21 9'76 o " "I" " " " " 22 Enfield, 5 15'06 1 10 42 I, 18'22 I 11'64 7'25 "I II ., I" I' ~ " " " " " ~ 23 Whitworth. 15 0,36 1 11 48 eli 14'88 I 10'17 S'60 "I" "I" " " UJ " " " " ~ Small 1 19 24 9'46 I 10'79 24 Lancaster, I. ,. I" 8'04 8'65 - Bore. " Fresh. "I " " " " " " " > Lancaster, 2 9'48 1 28 12 18'02 I 12'19 7'06 ~ 25 " " I ,. ,. I" " " " " " " 26 Lancaster~ 3 ., 8-88 1 21 42 13'18 I 11'1)4 7'36 " "I" "I " " " " " " ~ Target 24' X 24'. 7J COM PAR ISO N.

Mean Radial }Iesn Angle. Mean DellectlCln, Rifles. Deviation, . , Inche8. Q " Feet. Whitworth, HB - -- 8'69 1 20 55 S'S5 Enfield (Small.bore) 11'06 1 19 50 9'46 ,,~. - - I J. St. George, Lancaster - - - 8mall I 8'80 1 21 26 0'01 President. Ol \ iiOlc.l I \Q "" ~ TABLE, No. 51. '1 RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Small Bore Rifles, 19th May 1862. o Preci,ion ",ilk Clean Arms.-Lubrication, Grease enveloped in Wax. ,,. Ammunition. Point of Main Absolute Streugth !Number Number lIlumber Number Figure Angle .: Shoulder I aimedPoiutat, I Diatallce of~ ... Deecrlption and Number Impact. 0 t! Point of 1rlean Range, and Direction of Waight of of of of of of ~ ~ or }..s of Rifle. and Impact Powder. Shote, Hlte. MIll8es, Trials, Merit. El Wind, Diameter Elevation. Fixed Reat. Hor. Ven. Bor. Vert, from Point et of Bullet. ~ C aimed at. ZE-o Il:l ~ I Yardl, Inch&. • I " . • Feel. Feet, Peet. Feel. Feet, ~ i7 Enfield, 8. Bore 1 800 0530 grains, 70 fijln~6. 20 20 6 18-36 2 36 30'142 - - - o 75 Fixed 12 12 10'08 10'91 3,85 ~ 0-«2" C'& ,No, o 18 Whitworth, HB 11 - - ,. - 12'72 2II 0 16'88 14'13 4'40 " " " " " " " " " " ~ t9 Whitworth, 12 16'96 2 11 42 g'80 · - •• - - e 16'68 11'66 " S.E. to S. " " " " " " " " ~ 10 Enfield, 2 - -- Light. - 20'88 2 10 6 10'94 11'08 4'94 " " " " " " " " " " " o 81 Enfield, 8 - - 20'62 2 10 64 ., 0'25 10'72 8'60 ~ - - " " " " " " " " " " 82 Whitworth, 20 ~ -- " " " "" - " 14'76 2 9 86 ,. •• 18'22 11'38 7'23 > " " " Z 88 Whitworth, 19 - 'r! ,. - 18'48 2 18 12 12'34 12'62 6'40 · " " " " " " " " " ~ ~ " 84 Enfield, - · - - 17'16 2 7 30 1)'89 9'66 6-86 " " "" " " " " " " " ~ 85 Enfield, 6 . 28'28 · - " L' " " " " - " 2 7 48 " lla'17 8'68 7'00 t"" " " " " M 86 Whitworth, 15 ., - 18'60 2 7 0 14'00 S'10 n - - " " " " ,. " 12'06 ., .Jl~ " " " " 87 Lancaster, 1 - Bore. - 14'0' 2 17 12 12'89 10'47 7'10 c " " " " " " " " " " " o ft8 Lancaster, 2 - - - " - ilN4 t II 18 12'56 10'.0 6'80 ~ " " " " " " " " " " ~ ft9 Lancaster, 8 - - - ., - 20'64 2 16 48 ,. I!H9 10'08 6'60 " " " " " " " " " ~ Target 2" X 2", COM PAR ISO N, t%J

Mean Radial RlBes. Mean Angle. Mean Deflection. Deviation. . lou:ltp, 0 I 11 Feet, Whitworth, HB - - - 16'10 2 10 80 7'19 SlIIall Lancaster . ~ ~ Bore 19'0' g 16 6 6'80 J. St. Georf/e, En&eld 110'0" 2 8 !la 6'18 PreS1dent. - - - - " ... TABLE, No. 62. C,;.;) RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Small Bore Riflee, 20th May 1862. 'P Precision with Clean Ar7TUl.-Lubrication, Grease enveloped in W lIZ.

I Ammunition. ~ Point Point of Moan AbaoJute Strength Number Number Nnmbe) NumbJ Figure Angle ~ Shoulder aimed at. Impact. Distance of and Point of Mean ...0 Detcrlption Number 8 Range. and Direction of Weight of of of of of of i or Impact j.J of RIfle. and ~ Reat. from Point Powder. Shots, Hit., KIMel. Trial.. Merit. Elevation. QI Fixed Hor, Ver!- Hor, Vert. Wind. Diameter aimed at. !i of Blllle" J ~ I

0 , 0 Feet, YlITtU. Inchu. " .. Feet, Feet, Feet. Feet, o SmaU 630 grains, 70 gralus. 42'72 2 46 64 29'86 70 Fixed 12 12 15'62 7'84 6,U 2: 40 EQfield, 1 - - 'BOi& 1,000 S. byW. 20 20 - 6 Strong, '441" C.&H.No,6. rIJ 31'44 2 56 54 14,'60 13-13 2'85 41 Whitworth, 11 - - Unsteady to ,. 11 - ,. 11 to< " very strong. " " " " " " 42 Whitworth, 12 28'80 2 56 42 ,. 72 6 15'13 14'31 9'40 - - 11 - " I " " " " " " ~ 43 Enfield, 2 .. 36'12 2 46 42 12'46 16'96 7'60 - - 11 " ., " - " " " " " UJ - " " 44 Enfield, 5 - ,. 39'96 2 46 24 73 0 10'82 11'82 10'82 o --- " " " " " " " " "'J;,I 35'64 2 57 18 11'22 11'87 11'26 41S Whitworth, 20 -- " " - 11 " " " ! ~ " " " " " 29'28 2 55 54 14'25 13'13 14'30 46 Whitworth, 19 .. II ,. - II ., .. - " " " " " " " ~ 47 Enfield, 4 .. 86'84 11 14'24 11'05 14'30 Cj) -- S,S.W, to " - " 2 " 18 " " " " " S,W, at 5th " " " 48 Enfield, 3 80'48 2 50 48 70 17'88 9'71 17'05 - - - round, " 11 - " " " " a " Very 8trong " " " ~ 2 49 54 20'45 10'50 20'50 49 Whitworth, 16 .. II ,. 38'12 - and gU8ly. " " " - " " " " " " 2 56 80 68 -6 12'63 12'61 18'65 50 Lancallter, 1 11 - 32'76 - - - " " " " " " " " -6 11'27 0'72 19'40 ~ 28'68 2 57 48 51 Lancallter, 2 -- - " " " " " - " " " " " .34'68 2 57 54 1--6 13'94 10'47 20'00 52 Lancallter, 8 -- r II H - " " " - " " " " " ~ Target 24' X 24'. rn COM PAR ISO N.

Mean Radial MeaJl Angle. Mean Deflection. Riflllll. De,iation. , ,I"de,. 0 " Feet. Whitworth, HB - -- 31'66 2 55 8 11'60 ~ Small 11'22 Enfield - . - BOre 87'22 2 46 49 - J. St. George, 2 57 24 19'85 President" Lancaster - - - " 32'04 ~ TABLE, No. 53. . ~ RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS, with the undermentioned Small Bore Rifles, 21st lmd 22d May 1862. " Precision with Clean Arms.-LuDl'icatioll, Grease enveloped in "ax. "

Ammunition. Point Point of Mean AbllOlute Strength INnmber Nnmber Number Number Figure Angle ~ Shoulder aimed at. Impact. Distance of ... Deaerlptioo IUId Nomber Point of Meao 0 Weight of of of ~ ..8 or Ral\ge. and Direction of of of of 0 Impact }.: and ..8 of Rifle. Powder. Merit, 0 ~ from Point a" Wind. Diameter Shots. Hits, MlBses, Trillls. / ElevaticlL .. Fixed Rest. Hor, Vert. ,,~ d ..,.. aimed at. of nullat. ZEo< l:ll Eo< Ho'·F I I Yard,. I Inches, 0 I /I 0 Feet, Feet. Feet. Feet. Feet, Small S.E. Light. 530 graIns 70 groins 20 20 8 31'68 3 46 6 29~6J 60 Fixed 6 12 13'84 14'02 7'90 g; 53 Enfield, 1 • -Bore. 1,200 - · '''4~'' C.&H.No.6. - ~ M Whitworth, 11 · S.W. - 50'26 4 1 6 57 -18 14'64 15'04 32'70 · " Very Strong. " " " " " " " " ~ 6 32'28 •. 5 24 6 15'22 11'51 9'26 55 Whitworth, 12 ·· S.E. Light. - 'J o " " " " " " " " I%j 44'16 3 49 54 6 9'95 8'94 4'95 56 Enfield, 2 ·· · " " " " " - " "" " .. o 57 Enfield, 3 - · S.W. - . 40'68 3 51 54 1-18 11'53 14'25 29-65 · " Very Strong. " " " " " " " " " e; 58 Whitworth, 20 - 55'20 4 5 36 58 -3S 11'21 0.05 49"50 · - " " " " " " " " " ~ 59 Whitworth, 19 S.E. Fresh. - 47-40 3 G5 12 Ci5 6 13'21 12'88 7'25 Q -- " " " " " " " " " t%j 6 9"56 10'84 3'75 60 Enfield, 4 - · · " " " - " 41'40 3 45 6 " " " S.W. " " " ~ 61 En6eld,5 42'60 3 46 48 29'814 57 ,. -22 9'89 17'54 32-00 - - · Strong and " " " - " " ~ " Squally. " 62 Whitworth, 15 - 45'12 3 51 54 -22 12'54 16'35 34'65 ~ · · " " " " " " " " " " 63 Lancaster, 1 - S.W. toW. ,. - 46'68 4 o 30 ., -34 9-11 11'42 43-11 - · " Very Strong. " " " " " " " 8 64 Lancaster, 2 - 40'92 S 59 !24 ., -34 1"58 10"54 40'60 a:: - - - " " " " ." " " " " is: 65 Lancllster, 3 · - - - 43-08 4 1 48 -34 " 5'98 10'08 40'00 " " " " " " " " " . ~ Target 24' X 24.' t.;:l COM PAR 1 SON.

Mean Radial Rifles. DavlatIon. Mean Angle. Meao DefiectioD.

IftChu. 0 I II Feet. Whitworth · · . - ~6'06 3 50 51 26'67 llmall Enfield . ·· • BOre. 40'10 8 47 58 16'05 LanoMtor 43'00 4 0 84 41'28 J. St. George. · · -- President. -- TABLN. No. ,~4. w ~ RESULTS of E~J'ERJMENTSwith the undcnr,cntioned Smnll Bore Rifles, 23d May 1862. Precisio1l with Clea1l Armtl.-Lubricatioll, pitre 1Vax.

I Ammunition. Point Point of Ml'an Absolute Strength -- Number Number Number Number FIgure Angle .: 8boqJder aimed at. Impact. Dietance of ...0 DCicrlpLioD an,l Numher ~ .. I Range, and DirecUon of Weight of of of of of of e or Point of Mean .!.J of Rille. and 0 Impact e .. Wind. Powder. Diameter Sboa. Hita. l'rJllI8es, Trials, Merlt'l Elevation, ~ Fixed Reet, from Poilat =li' - .. lIor, Vert. lIar, Vert. z~ I of Bullet, j ~ Bimed at.

Int:Me,. 0 , 0 0 Feet. Feet. l<'eet. Feet, Feen o l"mall YanlI,l " 1 Enfield, 1 • -BOre. 300 Ii30 grains 70 grains 20 20 6 3'84 o 87 12 29'834 62 Fixed 12 12 14'83 10'82 3'20 z · '«2" C.&H,No.6, - 00 2 - ~. Whitworth, 11 - · ,. - 6'16 o 41 24 14'87 11'82 2'87 " S.W. " " " " ." " " " " ~ 3 Whitworth, 12 Very Strong. - · 7'68 o 38 42 16'61 1~'27 4'55 ~ " " " " " - " " " " "" a:: .. Enfield. !.! · · - 6'86 o 38 54 16'00 11'71 4'06 CD · " " " " " " " " " " " 5 Enfield, 3 - · · - 6'16 o 40 36 66 6 ., 6'43 11'07 0'00 ~ " " " " " " " " 0 Whitworth, 20 . · · " , - 5'40 o 85 24 ,. 6'86 12'34 0'96 l;:tJ ~ " II " " " " - " " " " ~ 7 Whitworth, 19 - · · " " " - 4'92 o 41 42 66 6'27 11'76 O'31S t: " " " " " " " ~ 8 Enfield, 4 -- · ,. 1S'16 o 48 80 ., 7'27 11'28 1'50 ~ " " " " - " " " " " {) I Enfield. 6 · - - ,. 6'12 o 87 86 3 3'42 11'26 0'85 " " " " - " " " " " ~ 10 Whitworth, ]() =:d · - ., 5'64 o 88 30 4'04 11'27 1'30 " " " " - " " " " " " 11 LlUlcaater, 1 -- - " - 8'60 o 87 0 2'89 11'40 0'70 , " " " " " " " " " " Luncnster, 2 12 · - - 4'66 o 86 12 3'72 11'88 0'75 ~ " " " J' " - " " " " " " LtlnclIster, 3 13 -- - ". -4'''' . o 47 18 ,. 9 9'22 1!l'13 0'26 >­ " " " . , " - " I " " " =:0 3: Target 24' X ~'. UJ COM PAR ISO N, .

Rifles, 1\1 ean Radllli Devmlloll, Mean Aogle, Mean Deftection. r, Int:"~" 0 I II Feet, Whitwurth · ... 6'76 0 89 0 2'00 8mU '"~ Enfield . · . --BO"'- 0'33 0 39 38 2'10 ·LIlDcll8ter J. St, George, ~ . 4'20 · - - 0 "40 10 O·B(J ..., Pn'Riut'ut, ~ , TABLE, No, 55, .... ~ RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS with the undermentioned Small Bore Rifles, 26th May 1862, Precision with Clean Arms,-Lubrication, Pure Wax,

Ammunition. Point Point of Hean Absolute Strength aimed at. Impact. Diatance of Descrlptiou and Number Nnmber Number Nllmber Number Figure Angle .: ~ Shoulder ...0 Point of Mean Weight of of of of of of :l., a or .2l.J ___ I"'" D"""", ,r Ilnd 0 Impact e~ of Rille, Wllld, Powder, Shots. HIts. HI_, Trials. Merlt, Elevation, ~ ~ Fixed Reet. from Point .. Diameter 1iI Hor, Vert. Hor, Vert. :s ll/I aimed at. ~~ of BnIlet. ~ t: , , Yard.!, Inch." 0 0 0 Feet. Feet, Fe1t, Feet, Fed. ::d Small " tzj 600 630graina 70 graine 20 20 6 10'20 1 12 24 Fixed 1'26 14 Enfield, 1 · • BOre.""" - 80'198 65 12 12 18'22 11'68 "'tl '442" C&H.No.6 o 16 Whitworth, 11 - 10'08 1 20 48 13'03 11'92 1'56 - - Wedt. " "" " " ~ " Fresh, " " " " " 16 Whitworth, 12 - 9'24 , 1 16 18 ,; ,; 13·64 10'83 2'10 · - " " " " " o " c;J " " " ~ 17 Enfield, 2 - - - 11'40 I 19 86 ,; ,; 13'99 11'66 2'06 · " " " " " " " " " Q . ~ 18 Enfield, 3 - - · ,; - 11'64 1 16 24 ,; 66 13'28 12'08 1'28 " --. " " " " " " " ~ 19 Whitworth, 20 --t""'" - 9'00 1 17 13 1"68 Jl'16 2'80 - - " " " " " " ;> " " " " " 'L: Whitworth, 19 ., 7'32 1 19 12 66 6 8'06 11'73 2'19 20 · " " - " " " Q " " " " t'=j 21 Enfield, 4 - 9'60 1 12 42 7'62 11'61 1'66 · · - " " " f " iJ2 " " " " " " " ~ 22 Enfield, I) - • - 9'48 1 13 30 ,; 64 7'92 11'10 2'06 · - " " " " " " S; " " " () 23 Whitworth, 10 ·· - H 6'84 , 1 17 6 ,t 8'41 10'91 2'60 " " "" " " " " " 1'03 24 Lancaster, 1 - - 0'04 1 20 36 u, 8'21 12'01 2'21 · · " " " " " " " " " " 8 - 0'04 1 22 18 0'07 11'28 8'16 25 Lanc611ter, 2 · ·· " ." " " " " ,f " " " " ~ 26 Lancaster, 3 - 8'16 1 27 6 II 9'05 12'00 3'10 · · - " " " " " " " """ ~ tIj / Tatget, 24' X jK', ~ COM PAR ISO N,

Mean Radial Rlftell, Devilltion. HeaD Angle, Mean n.fteetloD, = -7 t I a , lllClael, 0 " Pm, Whitworth, HB . . . '8"0 1 16 7 2'23 . . Small 10'46 1 14 66 1'64 Enfield - J, St, George, ~ ~'\ 1 23 !lO 2'S!l Prosident, Lo.nolUltcr - - a'os ... TAllLE, No, 66. ~ "P RESULTS of EXPE1UMENTB with the undermentioned Large and Small Bore Ri6e~ 30th May IS6», Pre~ion with Armsfrom which 80 ROU1lds have been fired without cleaning.-Riftes left dirty for 65 !lours.

AmmWlitlon, Point Point of Mean Abaolute ... Description and Number Strength - Numbe, Nnmber Noaller Number Figure Angle ~ Shoulder aimed at. Impact. DI.tance of 0 .: Point of Ml'ao .. Rap. llIld Direction of Weight of of III of of of .. a or .8' of Rifle, and II 0 Impact WIIId, Powder. a from Point Diameter Shota. Hlta. MI--. Trial.. Herlt. Elevation, ~ Fb:ed Beat. Hor, Vert. Hor. Vert. ~H of Bullet. ~ ~ aimed at. I , o YaTtU, ["che., 0 " 0 0 Feet. Feet, Flet. Feet. Feet, ~ I Enfield Service, I '577" 500 E, 6S0~DB. 70 grs. J2 20 20 6 17'00 1 28 24- 29'536 6~ Fi~e4 ]8 12 16'86 11'22 1'35 o " - (I) ,. 2 Enfield, D 1 Fresh ~ . JJ , Rain. JJ 19'44 1 25 0 J} 15'58 10'96 2'25 " " " " - " , 00 3 Enfield, D 2 .. - " ]8']2 1 23 42 " " " 1-3 S.E. - ,. 65 U l' 16'82 ]0'07 1'75 " t"I1 4. Enfield Service, 2 " Fine. " " " " 120 0 " - ,,- - l1'I6 II JJ 15·70 J3'13 2"45 '580" " " " " " " r/ Laacaster,l il 20'16 1 9054 12" " lO'l~ Ul== - --:;5l"t" " " " " " - " JJ W1 ." ." 12'40 1'90 6 Lancaster, 2 - - 15'72 1 12 36 18'61 11-16 1'80 o - " " " " I':Ij 1 Enfield,2 • '4aI" '442"" 70 grains " 1'~ 1 U 48 " " " "9 " &00 I - - JJ JJ .. JJ 9'73 4'35 " C.8< R.Na,6, " " " ~ 8 Whitworth, ] 5 1 16 6 9'29 12'21 - " " ~ JJ " - " 9'72 OJ .. .. lJ 2'75 9 Whit~orth, 19 - " " 1 19 12 " ~ ~ " .. . " - 0'28 .. .. 8'38 10'44 1'65 l.) 10 " " " " " " " " Enfield,3 - - - 12'00 1 2238 9'02 12'13 8'00 Z • '480"" " " " " " " " " .. "" - 11 W. RIchards, 1 - '""7450" '468" 76 grains 8~8 1 12 (} 66 6 ~ - ,,' II 0'20 11'79 2'30 " C.8< n.No,&. " " " " 12 W, Richards, 2 - - 6'76 1 22 0 8'65 10'98 2'85 '462"" " " " -~, "" " " " """ ~ 13 Laneaetel', 1 .. '442" 70 R'rains - 0·60 1 23 36 12 11'70 13'31 1'3.5 C. & R,Na.6, " " " . " " " , " 00a= " Wet Bulb, 69"~Dry Bulb, 01°. Target ,.' X lU'. :> COMPARISO N. ~ Rlftee, ),Jean Radial MeuAngle. Mean Deviation. Deflectloll. > , =g: lrtehe., 0 • " Ffd, Enfield Service - · • ,om" 17'52- 1 24 J2 1'00 • asaiuat 19'80 rn Enfield, D 1 20()() - · - " 18'78 24 21 16'81 '580" " LanC8llter - - .~ 17'94 1 11 16 1'86 11'68 - " Enfield - - · - ·..,1" 10'44 1 18 43 8'67 8'76 ~ when clean. '5Ol!" " Whitworth - - - -:U-l"- 7'50 1 17 39 2'20 7'39 ~ " '4S0" .. '~ W, Richards .~ 7'02 1 17 3 2'67 - - n'll J. St, GttWD', \..1 ... '4Il9" " Preaident, , , Lancaster - -~ 6'60 1 23 36 1-35 9"32 '1 ~ - - " (Jl TABLE, No. 57. 'I Ol RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS with the undermentioned Large and Small Bore Rifles, 3rd June 1862: Precis£on wW, Arms from which 108 Rounds lLad been fired, without cl'!aning.-Rifles left di~ty for 161 lL~1trs.

Ammunition. I Point Point of Mean Absolute Strength Number Number Number Number Figure Angle ~ Shoulder aimed at. Impact. Distance of Deacrlptlo'l and Number I I ., _~ l r- IPolnt of Mean 'S II and Dlreetlon ot Weight of of ot of of .. Range• of i ~ or Impact of lWle. Wind. DIa~~er I Powder. Bhots, Hita. lIlsBeB. TrIals. Merit. Elevation. -~ Fixed Rest, \ from Point Hor. Vert. Hor. I Vert. aimed at, Ii of BuUet. J ~ I I g; Yll7'tU. I"clu,. ° , ,,1 0 o Fut.! Fett. Feet. Fed. Feet. 14 Enfield Sen-Ice, 1 • - '677 800 s.w. 630 gralna I 70 gra. l' to 20 6 ~'60 232 6 30'162 67 Fixed 6 12 10'32 14'06 "70 ~ Strong. 0'05" 61lO 15 Eufield, D 1 - • -" - " " " " " 3MI4 23042l" " "I ,. 12'60 10'00 ~ 16 Enfield. D 2 • • - - 83'96 2 32 48 11'60 12'89 5'65 " " " " " " II 'I "I n 17 Enfield Service,2 - - - " 3ll'10 22530 9'56 12'41 3'60 ~ '580 " " " " " " "I " 18 Lancaster, 1 - • • ~ " 37'20 22330 70 17'0:; 13'79 11-16 " " " " "I " o 19 Lancaster, 2 • • ." " " " 31'92 2 28 12 " 15'07 9'12 9'56 • " 70 gra." " " " " II "I " 20 Bnfield, 2 ••• '451 0'442" IC.8c H.No,6 20'52 2 ]4 12 72 16'92 11'17 91)6 e;- " " .. " "I " In Whitworth, 16 -- -'~ " " 22'44 2 12 48 17'29 ]1'48 11'30 z '4.'l1 " " " " ", " .. " .. "I " > 22 WlJitworth, 19 - -" ., 15'60 2 14 24 65 .. 14'63 13'16 8'00 ~ " " " " " " I" (j 23 Enfield, 3 • - - '451 21'60 212 6 ~, 13'40 14'05 7'65 " 76 grs. " " " " " " I" t:rj 24 W. RIchards, No.3, clean - '468"&'447""IC,&H.No,6 26'16 2 512, " 00 11'41 ll1lO 0'41 " n I" " ",~ ... " " I 00 25 W, Richards, No.2, foul - 24'00 II ]4-86 10,a7 8'95 " " " " 2 164 1 " .. I " t%j 26 W. Richards, No. I, foul - n " Uti 2 1330 " 12'68 13'81 6'00 S.W.toS.bYW. " " " " " " " "1 " ~ 27 W. Richards, No.4, clean - ]8'72 2 548 II It . I II 10-01 14'20 4'65 " Strong and " 70 grs." " " " o 28 Lancaster, No, 2, clean _ '46~ 0'442" " 16'02 2 16 18 63 " 12'12 11'70 12'12 ~ '4'10 " j Guilty, C, & 11.1'(0,6 " " " " " "I " 211 Lancaster, No.1, foul - - wilh Rain. 17'64 2 24 12 II 11'21 12'60 11'25 " " " " .. " " " I. " o Wet Bulb, 59°.-Dry Bulb, 63°. Tariet 24' X IW. ~ • COM PAn ISO N. ~ Mcan Radial RiBea. Mean Angle. Mean Deviation. Deflection. ~ ~ Irn:hu. o , " Ftrt. Enfield Service, 1 • '677" 38'88" 2 28 48 "16 • agall1llt 41'01) Bofield, D - - 34'80 2 31 46 0'27 " 29'94 - 'Gl!O"" Lancuter. - ----:r,tF 34'56 2 ~ 61 10'38 " 28'14 when clean, Enfield -• - '461" 21'06 2 13 0 8'80 " 18'02 -a08" Whitworth - - - -:4ii" 10'02 2 13 88 9"95 " 16'57 -4AO'" W. Richard. - -~ 23'40 1I 7 42 71>1I 1l1l'44} when cl_n and fired .Imullaneoualy, - J. SI. George. Lauc...lor -- - - '4GI".•.....-, 17-64 I II 114 III ll'!lll IO'O!l _ President. TABLE, Ro. 58. _ w.. RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS with the undennentioncd Large Bore Rifles, tSth june 1862. \fl Precision with Arms from which 136 Round8 had been fired without Cleaning.-Rifle left dirty for 219 oours.

Ammunltloo. I Point Point of Mean I AbllOlute Strength Number Number iNumber Number Figare Angle Shoulder aimed at. Im~ Distance of ... DescrIption and Number i c and Direction of Weight of of of of of or ---- Point of tlean . Range, of ~. ~ ,!.: of Rifle. aod I ~ \ Impact S~ Wlod. J)jameter Powder. Shots. Hits. IMilICI. TrIals. Merit. Elevation, Fixed ~t'l Hor,lven. Hor. Vert. from Point =.. ~. aimed at. Z~ of Bullet. i J I oz Yardl, 580 grs. I~1&e,. ° I " ° 0 Feet. Feet, Felt. Feet, Fett, I 1~ 80 Enfield Service, 1, foul - 800 S. by E. 0'55" }70gr•• J2 20 20 - 0 84:68 2 30 48 29'87 00 Fixed 18 15'90 18'76 2'65 ~ · Fresh. Wood Plug- -81 Enfield Service, 8, clean • - 29'40 2 26 30 16'56 18'08 1'70 - ~ " S. " " " " " " " t.:Ij 82 Enfield Service, 4, clean • " 89'72 2 28 48 66 12 14'18 12'86 2'8S Strong. - , " " " 83_ " " " " " " 86'62 2 27 12 11'97 12'62 0'60 rn Enfield Service, 2, foul · S.W. " .. " " - " " " " " == U Enfield, D 1, foul " Very strong. " 32'62 2 29 12 ,. liN1 11'02 3'56 o ,. "':I:j · · Heavy rain. " - " "" " " 36 Enfield, D 3, clean ~ " " " ,. 29'88 2 28 42 ., 15'68 15'03 4'80 · " " " " - " " " " ~ 86 Enfield, D 4, clean • " ,. 80'06 2 28 86 -8 12'04 8'80 16'20 1-1 · " " - " " " " 87 Enfield, D 2, foul " " " 81'68 2 23 18 ~8 16'75 15'32 19'00 ~ Pl ·· II· - Rain ceased. " " " " " " " " " ~ ~ 88 Lancaster, 1, foul ,. 30'60 2 21 80 6 14'94 10'98 9'00 - · Fresh. " - " " " I G':l " " " - " " 15'37 9'94 9'60 89 Lancuter, 8, olean • ,. 36-36 2 32 0 ~ · " " " - " " " " " " 40 Lancastt'r, 4, clean • " ,- 28'" 2 27 48 ,. 58 8'71 10'06 3'3l) o - " " " ~ " "" " " " 14'15 Ihi5 8'~0 41 Lancaster, 2, foul · · - 81'92 2 27 28 " " w " "" " " " " " I " a= Direction of Rauge. N.N.E. Target, 24' X 24', > Wet Balb. 66°._Dry Bulb,~, COM PAR ISO N, t""'4 . t""'4 Mean Radial > Riftl!ll, 1>cTlation, }Ieao Angle. I Mean Deflection. ~ ==00 ImM,. 0 I 1/ Feet, Enfield Servioe, foul · · 85'10 2 29 0 . 1'62 Enfield Servioe, clean · - 84,'66 2 27 89 2'02 Enfield, D, foul 82-10 2 26 15 IJ'27 Large Bores • ·· · Enfield, D, olean · · · 80'42 2 28 S9 10'50 Lanoaster, foul 81'26 2 2' 29 8'60 ·· - J. St, George, Lancastor, clean . 82'40 2 29 54 6'47 · ·· • President. "R~~ TABLE, No. 59. '1 QC) RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS with Ute undermentioned Large and Small Bore RiSes, 6th Juno 1862. Precision with Armsfrom VJhich 164 Rounch have heenfired JDitlaout Cleaning.-Rifles l.ft dirty f(W 24a hours.

AmmunitiM. Absolute Point Point of Mean Dilltance of Number Strength I Number NUlllber Number Numbor Flgur. Angle ~ Dl!ICrlpUon and Number 11=l Baro. Shoulder aimed at, Impact. Point of Mean of Range. and Direction of Weight of of of of of of TherDlO-! Impact of RIlle, aaa meter. or -- - - from Point Target. Wind. Diameter. Powder. Shots. Hits. Mllses, Trlala. Merit, Elevation, meter. Fixed Reat, Hor.1 Vert, ~~I~ aimed at, of Ballet. I

YaTtU. Inch,., o I" I 0 put'IF"t, PHt. F,It. F"t. 42 Enfield Service, 1, Foul ­ 300 S,S.W. 530 grs.!} 70 gI's. 20 20 I 6 J2'84 o 60 24 129'768 70 Fixed 12 12 13'80 10'78 1'80 ~ Very strong 0'66" J2, "tl 4.3 Ditto - 3, Clean­ ", 8'76 o 42 0 ,. 13'23 12'20 1'26 " and gusty, Wood Plug. " " .. " " " o 4<1 Dido • 4, Cloon • ,. 11'40 o 47 80 13'32 11'01 1'60 " " " " " " " " ~ 46 " 10'92 o 45 18 " 13:44 11'09 1'50 Ditto • 2, Foul - " " " " " " " " " " " o 4.6 EnfiekJ, D 1, Foul • 12'36 o 47 42 ,. JJ 12'55 11'23 0'90 ~ " " " " .. " " " .. 47 Ditto - 3, Clean - 11'6' o 44 30 12'31 12'06 0'31 o " " " " " " " " " " 48 10'68 o 49 24 " 12'23 rO'78 1'20 Ditto • 4, Clean - " " " " " " " " " " E; 12'48 o 43 80 " 12'M 11'22 0'96 z 40 Ditto - 2, Foul - " " .. " " " " " " " .. > 60 9'60 o 42 0 1283 10'70 1'00 ~ Lancaater, 1, Foul - " " " " " " " " " " 9'60 o 42 42 " I 12'40 11'48 0'66 C 61 Ditto - 3, Clean - " " " " " " " " " " " tr:j 62 4, 13'68 o U 4t 66 11'05 11'32 1'20 Ditto - Clean - " ,,' " " " " " " " II UJ 63 Ditto - 2, Foul - ,. 9'12 o 40 6 ., 12'6~ 11'66 0'66 ~ " "I" " " " " " Enfield~ 46 6 " 12'73 t21 64 S,B" 2, Foul ­ '442" I 70 grs. .. .. 7'80 o .. 67 ~. 11'88 0'96 " S.S.W. to C,&H, No.6. " " " 66 Ditto - 4, Clean ­ 4'20 o 41 18 12'89 10'06 1'66 Q " S.W, by S, " " " " .. " " 68 Very squally. .' 6'04 o 41 12 " 13'61 11'10 1'75 {j Ditto - 5, Clean ­ " " " " " " " .. " " o 67 Ditto • 3, Foul - " .. 6'28 o 46 86 " " " " 13'S8 11'25 1'76 ~ " " " " is: Wet Bulb, 68°,-Dry Bulb, 61°. T&l'iet ~( X 24'. C 0 14:. PAR ISO N. Mean Radial ~ Rifies, Deviation, Mean Angle. Mean Deflection. , IowltN, 0 " Feet, Enfield Service, foul - - . 11'88 0 47 51 ' 1"66 Ditto clean - - 10'08 0 44 46 1'42 - - 86 0'92 Large Bore . Enfield, D, foul - . - - 12'42 0 46 - - .[ Ditto - clean - - - 11'16 0 46 67 0'76 Lancaster, foul - - -- 0'36 0 41 8 1'02 Ditto - clean _. - - 11"64 0 42 III 0'92 Enfield, foul - - - 6'54 0 45 61 l'a6 J. St. G~., . Small Bore . - - 0 41 Its 1'70 - - -{ Ditto clean - - - - 4'62 President. .. l'ABLE, No, 60. ~ RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS with the undermentioned Small Bore Rifles. 9th June 1862. \0 Precision with Armsfrom which 164 Rounds have beenjired loithout Cleaning,-Rijlt(s lift dirty for 311 hour" . Ammunition. Na~ber I Poiut Point of Mean Abeoluto Number Strengtll Number Numbe) Number Flfuro Aagle SboulJer aimed at. Impact, Distance of DellCrlption and Number Weigbt Baro· Tbermo- Polut of Mean of RaulJO· and Direction of of of of of of of or Impact of Rifle. and Powder. meter, me~r. Target. Wind. Diameter SIaota, Hit., lIIia1lee. Trials, Merit. ElevaUon, Fb:ed Rest'l H?1" Vert. Ho:, Vert. from Point I aimed at, . of Bullet. I

I F~. F,tt, Fiet. Ft18t, Felt, Yard,. Inehe&. ° " ° ° o 58 Whitwortb, 19; Folil .. 800 S.W. 530 grains 70 graius 20 - 20 - 6 3'60 o 47 86 30'076 69 ,Fixed 12 12 13'86 11'77 1'90 ~ Fresh, '442" C. &. H. No,6. 69 Whitworth, 11, Clean - - 3'36 o 45 18 ,. 12'92 10'80 1'45 " " " " " " " " " ~ " Rain SqualL 6'16- o 48 30 ~ 1'2'08 2'19 60 Whitworth, 12, Clean - - " " "' 14'19 " " " "" " " U'6~ ~ 61 Whitworth, 15, Foul - 4'06 o 46 0 .. .. 11'67 2'66 - " " " "" " " " " ~ 62 Lancaster, I, Foul - ", Fine, 3'.a o 48 42 6~ 14'69 12'02 2'jO rn ~~ " " " " - " " " " " 63 Lancaster, 2, Clean - 3'72 043 M ,,, 15'04 I!N8 3'04 " I· o - " .. " " " " " " "Xi W. Richards, 3, Clean. " 0'468" and 76 grains 4'32 37 SO 6 8'48 11'81 2'45 64 - o " , " 0'447" C,&.H.No.6. " " " " " " ~ 60 W, Richards, 2, Foul - 3'84 o 43 514 9'09 12'09 S09 " " " " " - " . " " " " .. ":l:j 66 W, Richards, I, Foul - Lnbrlcatlon - 6'52 o U 86 8'S8 11'79 2'40 t: ~ " " W, R. No. R. " " " " " " "" 67 W, Richards, 4, Clean- - 0-04 03930 8'51 12'21 2':;6 2: -/:lo " II " " " " " " " " " " o 66 W, llichards, 1, Clean - Labofatory WIX on Bullet - 4'66 o 37 64 69 8'19 11'71 2'20 Ammunition. W. R. No, 8, " " " 1 " " " " " C5 67 W, Richards, 2, Clean· - 7'20 o SIS 24 8'20 12'09 2'20. ~ 1 " I " " " " " " " " " " W. Richards, 3, Clean· - ·4'92 o 36 6 7'97 11'65 2'00 00 " " " " " " " " " " " ~ W, Richatds, 4~ Clean· - 6'00 o ~(f !l' 801 11:67 2'05 ·l:: " " " " " " " " " " " j;l> 70 W. Richards"5, Clean- 7'92 o '0 6 12 11)'1!l 10'66 3'86 t"'4 ". " " " " - " " "" " t"'4 Te:.rget 24 X 24 feet, • III continuation of Experimentl with Small Bores, with WAll: and tallow, ~>­ CO :M PAR ISO N, Wet Balb, 68",-Dr1 Bulb, 68°, a;:: Mean Redial linn Angle, Metn DeflectIon. rn IUfles. Deviation. , Inche&, 0 " FttJt. Whitworth, HB, Poul . - . 4'08 0 48 48 2'27 Whitworth, RD, Olean - . - 4'06 0 44 24 1'82 Lancaster, Foul - - - - S'48 0 48 42 S'70 Lancaster, Clean . . - - S'72 0 45 154 3'04 W. Richards, Foul .. - 4'68 0 42 30 2'74 ~ W, Richards, Clean -••• 4'98 0 S8 ao 2'00 W, Richards, with Wax and Tallow~ J. St, George, 6'12 0 37 13 2'36 President, N~ Lubrication -•- -J TABLE, No, 61- 00 o RES·UJ.TS of EXPEnIMENTs with the undennentioncd Small Bore Rifles, 11th, 12th, 13th, and 16th June 1862,

'1 Point Point of Mean Absolute Number Strength Number Number Number, Number Figure Angle Shoulder aimed at, Impact. _ Distance of 1 A=.w_ Bare- Thermo- Description and Number , of and Direction of Weight of of of of of or Poiut of Mean Ruuge. or Impact of Rifie, meter, meter. Target, Wind. Di::ter Powder, Shots, lUta, MlaSC8.1 Trial., Merit. Elevatloa. FIHdReat. from Point of Bnllet. H~'I V:'" aimed at, , H'+"'l ~ ttj IlId", 0 , 0 0 Yardl, , " Pm, Pett. Ftet. Feet. Feet, ~ -71 W, Richards, No, 1 - 600 1 N,W, 5SOgraln. 76gra, Ji 20 20 - 6 10'56 1 14 6 29;612 66 Fixed 12 12 13'82 12'23 1'85 Very Light, 'tH" Wax on ~ 72 W, Richards, No, ~ - , bullet. - 12'48 1 18 6 14'42 12'65 2'60 ""'3 " " " " " " " " "" 73 W, Richards, No.3 - 'J - 11'76 1 13 48 65 13'08 11'48 2'05 o " " " " " " " " ~ 74. W, Richards, No, • 9'36 1 a 0 29'54 " 14'08 3'40 - " " " " " - " " " " 10'18 o 76 7'32 1 11 42 " W, Richards, No, 6 · - IJ J' 12'50 9'78 2'30 :;:0 " " " " " " " " " l::' t47ms EnfieldJNo, 1 - oao grains 70 grains. - 11'88 1 13 36 .. 12'49 12'00 0'49 ~ - '" 0'442" C.1e H. No.6. " " " " " " " > Whitworth, HB 11 + Lub. Orea!e. - 6'12 1 28 18 29'598 12'83 12'57 0'65 ~ 48 " - " " " " " " " " Whitworth, HB 12 " - 8'28 1 19 12 18'05 10'80 1'06 a 49 " - " ." " " " " " " " " M Enfield, 2 N,byW, - 10'68 1 24 I) " 13'(5 13'16 1'85 60 " - - · " " " . " " 00 " Fresh. " " 18'56 1 23 36 60 " "" M 61 " Enfield,8 - ,. J' 'J - 6 6'56 12'47 0'76 - - " " " . " " " t"1 6!l " Whitworth, ] 9 . 'J - 7'82 1 2' 36 30'024 6'68 12'03 0'60 M - · " " " " " " " " " n Whitworth, 20 - - 7'68 1 27 6 6'68 10'87 1'40 53 " - " "" 'J " ' " " 1-3 " " " 12'60 1 21 24 " 54 " Enfield,4 - n - 6'89 11'21 1'20 (j - · " .i " " " " " " " " " Enfield, 6 - 9'84 1 26 48 6'91 10'62 1'60 o 55 " - - - " " " " " ~ " " " - 7'08 1 25 36 " " " 66 " Whitworth, 15 - 'J .. 7'64 11'12 1'00 - - " " " " " I , " " " " -a:: ~ / Target 24' X 24', -~ COM PAR ISO N, • 10 contlnoatlon of experiments with Small Bore.J l,':I::l with wax and tallow, - t Second TrIal for precision at 600 yaMs; the resolts Mean Radial of Pint TrIlll ore 10 Tlible No. 2'(, Rifles. Elevation. Milan Angle, Mean Defiectlon, , • IIICM', 0 " Feet. • W. Riohards . . . - 10'29 l' 18 20 2'42 . fEnfield, S. Bore . - - J1'71 1 21 54 1'3Q J. Sf, Geol'ge t Whitworth • . . 7'20 1 23 37 1'22 J t - p,·csident. TABLE, No, 62. RESULTS of EXPERIMENTS, with Small Bore RiBee, with pure Wax, and W, Richards, with Wax on Bullet, 17th and 18th June 1862,

Ammullitlon. I I Point I' Point of Kean AblOlute Number Strength I II Deacription and Number I Number INl1mber Number Number Figure Angle Bllro- .Thermo- Shoulder aimed at. Impact. Dlltauoe of of Rang., and Direction of Weight ~. ~ ~ ~ ~ of or Point of Mean of RIfle. and meter, Impact Thrget, WlDd. Powder, M~. Diameter Shota. Hlta. Trlall. Herlt. Elevation. meter, 'Fixed Reat.1 Hor. IVert. Hor, Vert. from Point of Bullet. aimed at.

Yard., 0/" o I.chl., o I 'UI·IFtll. FHI. FHt. ',tt, 27 Eufield, SB 1 - ­ SOO W,byN. 530 grs. 70 grains, 20 2U 6 22'tlO 2 12 18 30'152 70 Fixed o 12 12'85 11'15 12'90 2S Whitworth, HB 11 • Fresh, '442'/ C,&H.No,6, o )J 16'68 2 IS 42 11'89 12'95 11'90 " Lubrication " " " " "I " 2: 20 Whitworth, HB 12 - lj Pure Wl'x. 22'4. 2 18 18 " 11'38 12'52 11'40 f' "I " 00 " " " " " " ~ .30 Enfield, 2 -- 23'0' 2 19 24 " 1070 11'46 10'80 " "I" 81 Enfield, 8 • • " " " " " " " " ~ 20'88 2 20 0 68 11'67 12'05 11'67 t;tj -- " "i " 32 Whitworth, HB 19 • " " " " " " " ;s: If ,. 13'08 2 15 36 9'36 13'68 g'60 "I" 00 • l33 " " " " " Whitworth, HB 20 • "" 23'40 2 16 64 " " 11'40 12'13 11'40 " " " " " "I" o 34 Enfield, 4 •• " " 20'40 2 12 18 " " 10'09 13'22 10'20 "%j " " " " " " " " " "I" 35 Enfield, 6 •• 'f IS'60 2 15 6 12'12 11'28 12'15 ~ " " " " " " " "I" "%j 36 Whitworth, HB 16 • 21'S4 2 16 24 " 13'72 11'78 13'75 t"4 " " " " " " " " " '0 I" t"4 37 Lancaster, 1· . 12'24 2 22 24 ,. 11'65 11'73 11'66 " " 0' "I" 2: 38 " " " " " -~ Lancaster, 2 - - 11'40 2 16 12 11'59 13'27 11'66 " " '0 " " " "I ,. 39 Lancaater, 3. - 12'9R 2 27 54 " " " 11'46 11'71 11'00 " " " " " " " " ,. I" 6 •..61 H " ~ 76 W, Richards, 1 N.W. 76 Krains J2, ., 22'92 2 16 '6 29'98 68 U'09 11'99 14'09 " ....,,, 00 77 W. Richards, 2 Very strong. Lubrication " " " " " " " Wax on Bullet " 20'64 2 12 2' .. -6 ., 9'51 12'40 14'60 ~ ~ W, Richards, 8 " " " " 78 " W,R.No.8, 18'00 2 12 6 u -5 ., 8"93 14'78 14'20 79 W, Richards, 6 " over all, " " " " " ~ " " " " " 22'44 2 16 48 " -6 " 6'11 8'70 11'76 SO W, Richards, 4 --1- 21'84 2 16 6 " " 6'13 10'64 > ., -6 " " " " J' " " " " 11'20 ~ & 17th. In continuaUon of Ellperimenta with Wu COM PARI BON. Target t4 X t4 feet. and Tallow. rn t 18th. In contlnoation of Experlmenta with Pure WIX, RadIal Rlfte.. 1\118811 Mean DefleetioD. DeTlatioa. Mean ADgle, , IflCha, 0 " FHI. Enfield, B. Bore · · - · 21'U 2 lIS 40 11'6( ~\; Whitworth, HB . 19'49 2 16 11 11'59 · · · , 'I;-. Lancaater, B. Bore .. 12'20 2 2~ 10 11'68 - - J. St, George, "'-"", \'" W. Richards '. · · - · 21'17 2 14 18 18'17 President, ...QCl TABLE, No. 63. 00 t.:l RESULTS of EXPERIM.ENTA, with SmAll Bores with Pure Wax, And W. Richards, with Wax on Bullet, 19th and 20th June 1862.

Ammuaitlon. Point Poitlt of Mean Absolute I FIpre Angle Shoulder aimed at, Impact. Dist.aace of NlIm~r Strength I Number Namber NlItIIber Number Delcrlptloa a1ll1 Number Baro- Tbermo- Point of Mean BaDge, aDd Dl U f WeIght of of or of of of or Impact of rec OD 0 lIDd meter, meter. of Rifle. Powdlf. HUa, 1rI1..... TrIals. lrIl!rtl. Elevation, Plxed Reet. from PolDt Turgel. Wind. I Diameter Shots. Hor. Vert. I IIor,l Vert. aimed at. I of Bullet.

0 , 0 0 FetJI. Feet. Feet. Fea. Yara.,., Ifda, " FeU. ~ 40'44 3 12 18 30'170 59 Fixed 0 J2 12'58 10'15 13'75 :;:c 40 l!Infield, S B 1 . 1,000 N,W, 680 grains 70 Arains 20 9 C.& .No.6. - tr.l Liiht. '442" 83'12 3 12 0 0 II 11'13 10'38 11'25 ~ 41 Whitwortb, HB 1J 0 Luhricant " - 6 32'88 3 530 " 61" " 0 ]5'56 ]0'87 15-65 4'] Whitworth, HB 12 " Fresh. Pure WaJ:. " " - " " o " " 3 12 6 " 0 14'05 12'07 14'OIS 43 Enfield, SB 2 " 29'16 ~ - " " - " 25'9'2 314M " 64" " 0 " 15'86 14'01 16'66 44 Enfield, 1\ B 3 - " " " - " " " " " " " 3 11 18 " 0 18'59 14'55 18'80 " 8.5'64 OJ i o 45 W bitworth, 19 - " " " " - " 34,44 3 o 36 " 65 " -6 " 8'36 1l'(J2 ]('40 I2;l • 46 Whitworth, 20 - " II - " " " " " " 31-08 3 242 " " -6 8'48 13'62 14'60 47 Enfield, S B 4 ,t o - " " " - " 26'88 3 5 6 " 64 " -3 " 0'54 13'84 12'85 '5 Enfield, 8 B 5 - " " - " " ~ " " " "" " 36'72 3 6 12 " -3 13'55 13'74 10'66 49 Whitworth, 15 - - " " z " " " "" " 18'24 31048 " " -3 NO 1!J'36 10'46 bO Lancaster, SB 1 - ~ -3 " 8'61 15'00 11'00 > - " " " " " " 29'16 I 3 48 " " " iH f,nnouter, 8 B 2 - " " .- 3 11 48 " 63" " 0 ",. 12'33 10'59 12'40 Z ;;2 Lancaster, S B 3 " " " " 20 16 I l.> - " " " " " - " I " " 22lr.2 . 2 55 18 :lO·072 0 17'80 8-03 18'10 t::1 W. Richardt, 1 N.W. '467" 76 gmins J' - - bulle~ 32'62 3 230 " " -12 " 12'92 13'4(J 2-&'96 8:l W. RicllRrl1s, !J " Strong. .i47 iT' Wax on "., " - " 00 - W.lt. No.8. 24'60 2 58 18 "" " -12 " 11'40 14'79 23'50 M ~8 W, Richardll, 8 " " - " ,. " t - " over all, " " - " 34'30 3 3 4!:: 62" " -12 10'18 9'83 22'25 ("84 W, Rh'h"nJs, 4 - " " " 33·00 2 56 iH " " -12 " 0'75 il'76 21'80 83 W. Richards, I) " " " - ~ - " " " " " " " " " " 20'01 3 10 0 58 -5 1)'06 12'19 14'(10 ~ l:ll)bil. Whitworth, H Btl Ligh~' '442" 70 fJrains. - " " " " C.& I. No: 6. " " 37''lO :) I) 42 1- ,~ 10'78 14'16 10'05 Lancaster, 1 • " - o 140 " - " " Lubrication " " - " 29',j2 3 8 3U " " " -6 " 7·94 13-42 13'10 c f UI " Lancaster, 2 - - Grease. " " : " " " " " " 36-00 3 430 " -6 8'76 15-24 14'15 a:: Whitworth, H B 12 - 142 " " " " " " " 24'00 3 8 ·J8 "., 67" " -fj " 10'78 8'84 16'10 ~ U3 " Whitworth, HB 15 - " " " " " " " " 25'56 3 6 42 0'40 11'1)1) 14'(5 ~ Lnncaster, 3 - - : - 5 I - 1« " - " " " " " " "" I ! " -; " tJ1 COM PAR ISO N. Target 24' X 21' tzj , M~aa Radial ltlcan Angle. Melin Dcft~ction, .. 10~h, In continuntion of Experiments with Pure Wax, Rlftee. Deviation, t 20th. Ditto, with Wax and Tallow. I t Second Trial j 1M Table 40. Inchr8, I 0 • " Fm. Enfield, SB• - - - , :lO'OIl I a I) 2,'; H'38 WhitwurUl, lin - - - . 34'M I 3 8 b5 13'36 . Lancaater, S n - - - 22'02 I 3 8 28 11-08 W. Richarda - - - 29'47 2 flO 8 2'l'12 Whitworth, H Bt- - - - 27-00 3 7 46 14'{)fi J. S,. GtlO,:qc. - - . 30-70 3 8 20 1,('60 Prcsident. Lanca.ter l -- - - I TABLE, No. 64. ... ~ RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS, with Small Bores, with Pure Wax, and W, Richards, with Wax on Bullet, 23rd and 24th June 1862, ''9 .- Ammunition, Poinl PoInl of Mean Absolllw Angle aimed at, Impact, Number Sll'ength Number NUlllber Number Number Figure Buro. Thenno.1 Shoulder m.tance of Description and Number ._-~--- Point of Ml'an Range. Iud Direction of Weight of of of or of of or of and meter. meter I. Impact of Rift,l. Powder. Herit. Elevation. from Polut Target. Wind. Diameter Shota, Hila. Misses. Trials. IP,xed Reat. 1101'. Vl'rt. HoI'. Vert, of Bullet. aimed at.

/I 0 Yardl. Int'hel1. 0 I 0 Feel. Peel. Ped. Feel, Feel. ~rain8. 29'88 59 o 63 Enfield, SB 1 - . 1,200 N.W, 580 grs 70 20. 20 - 11 48'96. 4 7 .42 Fixed -12 12 6'01 15'05 19'25 ~ 0'442" C,&. H,No.6. Light, 68'04 4 14 42 -13 8'28 20'45 64 Whitworth, HB 11 • Lubricant - ., 9'16 00 " " " " " " " ~ Whitworlh, HB 12 • Pure Wax. ,. 10 1 10 76'68 6 0 64 -10 9'51 6'6i 20'55 65 J' " " " " " -10 56 Enfield, SB 2 - . 20 - 57'96 " 12 42 " " " 7'59 8'06 17'90 ~ " " " " " •• R " 67 Enfi~ld, SB 3 - .. ., ,. - 6 57'06 4 12 48 65 8'54 14'38 14'85 a:: " " " " " " 00 Whitworth, HB 19 . ., ,. - 66'88 4 10 54 - 6 11'21 9'93 11'85 • 58 " " " " " " " " o 69 Whitworth, DB 20 .. N. - 64'08 4 11 36 66 ,. - 6 8'04 12'44 14'05 l'2j " Light. " " " " " " " 46'50 3 59 54 ., - 6 7'42 15'30 13'80 60 Enfield. SB 4 : - ., - " " ~ " "" " " " l'2j 81 Lancaster, SB 1 .. 19 1 51'96 414 0 ,. - 8 11'00 S'83 14'90 t"l " " " " " " " " ~ 62 Lancaster, SB 2 .. Very light. ,. 20 - ., 38'16 4 6 0 - 3 13'26 13'18 10'30 t.:) " " Z " " " " " ~ 63 Lancaster, 8B 3 .. - 44'28 .. 18 24 0 1'85 8'.3 8'60 " " " " " " " " " 'W" W, Richards, 1 .. 76 grains," JII - 40'92 3 5936 ,. 0 10'28 1.'50 10'05 d '447" " " "" " ~ f86 " Lubricant ," 75 -]6 87 W. Richards, 2 .. - 8 41'04 3 58 12 80'024 0'43 16"02 25'65 " Wax on buJ let " " " " 00 " 48'00 3 50 36 -10 1'10 ] 7-7] 23·80 w. Richards, 3 OJ W.R,No.8 - ,. ~ - " oyer all, " " " " " " W, Richards, 4 - S,W. ,. 19 1 6 60'88 8 58 12 -16 11'10 0'69 27'20 > " Fl'eeb, " " "" " ~ v:90 W. Richards,'6 - ,. 20 - 41'40 8 52 30 -10 12'79 15'08 29'05 " " " " " " " " > • In continuation or Experlmentl with Pure WaI, COM PAR I 8 0 N. Target 24' X 24'. ~ t In IlOntlnaallon of Ezperlmentl witb Wax and 00 Tallow. Mean Radial Mean Angle. Hean Deflection. Rlftea. Dey/aCion.

, 1/ [nelle•• 0 FI". Eufield S, Bo~ - . - - 52'86 4 8 16 16'45 Whitworth, UB.- - - "" . 66'42 4 10 48 18'10 Lancaster, S, Bore- - - 44'80 4 10 48 18'26 - J, St. George. ~ W. Richardst . 45'77 3 05 49 ~'ll - ,- - Prc~id~/lt. ~~ TABLE, No. 65. 00 ~ 1bsuLT8 of EXPERIJONTS with the undermentioned Small Bore If'dles. To Te8t Fouling-Whitworth Ammunitlon with Grerue Lubricant,.

Namber Preclaion when Poul Lowetlt A'ferage Date of ExperlmentL Barometer. Thermometer. Wet Bulb, DJ'1 Balb. DetlCII'Iptlon or Rifte. ot at Figure whea Clean REMARKS. Roaoda Foaled. 600 Y1II'da. fOr Compe.rUon.

0 0 0 mew. Z,lclu•• ~ tr:l 4 August 1862 68 64 Enfield 5 rrocrr.' 200 80'086 72 • 110 lIO'" - Loading easy. but rough. "'0 · · - - · - · · - o 5 August I, -- 29'77 78 60 66 Ditto - - · 300 - - 6 August 29'866 76 57 62 Ditto " 100 - ~ " · - - - · " - 8 August 29'566 71 67 62 Ditto - 25 - o " - - · · - ~ 11 68 60 Ditto " 376 August " - · 30'186 66 · -- " - - o 20 10'92 0'86 ~ ~ t:l Z >­ S.B. ~ 4 August 1862 · - 30'086 72 58 64 Whitworth - - 1lil1O"- 200 - -- - · - (") I) August 29'77 78 60 66 Ditto 300 . tr:l ,. · · · - · · · · · - Loading very eally. 6 August 20'866 76 57 62 Ditto " 100 U1 " - · - - - " - · - - - - ~ 8 August ,. 20·'}66 71 57 62 Ditto 25 - t'"l - - - · - " · - - - - t%j 11 August 30'186 68 56 60 Ditto 375 (") · - . - · - " - · · - - - 1-3 " 20 0'48 10'20 Q 20 8'88 10'20 ... Second trial, af'ter firing 1,020 o rounds. ==~ 64 8. B. t-3 4 August 1862 - - 30'086 72 58 Lancaster - - • 1iii18" 200 · · - -- - - 5 August 29'77 78 60 66 Ditto 800 ;j - - - - · - - · - · - t:t:l " 20'866 57 62 Ditto " 100 6 August · · 76 · · · " · · · · - - Loading easy. 8 August " 29'566 71 57 62 Ditto 25 " · · · · · " · · · · · - 11 August ,t 80'186 68 65 60 Ditto - 375 . • · · · · " · · - - - 20 7-08 9'32

J. St. G«JTg~, Prcaident. TABLE, No. 66. ... RESULTS of EXPJo;RIMENTS with the undermentioned Small Bore Rifles. ~ 10 To Test Fouling - Whitworth Carl(idge with Pellet of Pure Wax.

Number Precl8Ion when Poul LC)'fl'elt Ayerage Date of Ezperimentl. Baremeter. Thermometer. Wet Bulb, Dry Bulb. D8ICrlptlon of Rifte. of at Fl';re when Clean REMARKS. . Round, Fouled. 600 Yard.. or Comparlaon. - I IncAu. Iracla", 0 0 0 0 o 5 (rOOT. 200 . Loading difficult at 7th round. z 2 July 1862 - 29'866 64 58 60 Enfield - Tlii"'~ . - - · · · · · · Bullet forced through ~per. 8 July 29'966 71 64. 58 Ditto 67 - 00 " · · - -- · " - Difficulty increasing. ullet to<: 4 July 29'97 68 61S 57 Ditto - 409 - jammed at 9ad and 606th ~ " · - · · · " - rounds. 7 July 29'718 68 57 62 Ditto - 168 - - ~ " - · - - - " a:: 8 July - - · 80'096 70. 1S8 62 Ditto - - · 186 10'80 - rn " " o "'%j 1S8 60 Whitworth Hencoa 200 . LoadinFe easy 'throughout, 2 July 1662 • - - 29'Il66 64 - - lin 20" - - - · · Nipp e lump split to 8 depth ~ 3 July - 29'966 71 64. 58 Ditto 62 - - " - - - · · " of 0'7 inch at 917th round, 'Tj rendering arm unserviceable, ~ 4 July - - - 29'91 68 65 57 Ditto - · - 405 -- ­t'"l ~ " " 7 July 29'718 68 67 62 Ditto 21S0 - - Z " · · · · · · " - 8 July - - - 30'096 70 58 62 Ditto - - · . - Not taken. - o " " ~ O,al o 2 July 1862 29'866 6~ 1S8 60 Lancaster - 200 . . Loading occasionally difficult, ::0 · · 1 ID 10' - - - , · · - · bullet sometimes forced 8 July 29'966 71 1S4 58 Ditto 84 - 00 " · · · · · - - through paper. 4. July 29'97 68 66 57 DiUo " 883 - ~ · · - - - · " - " 57 62 Ditto 166 t-t 7 July " - · - 29'718 63 - - - " - - L"'" 8 July 80'096 70 1S8 62 Ditto -. 187 7'68 - " - · - · - " OctagoD . . i 2 July 1862 • · - 29'866 fH 58 60 W. Richards · • !iiito' 200 - - - · Loading easy throughout. rn 54 58 U8 3 July ,. · · - 29'066 71 Ditto - - - " - - Note.-On 3d J ul, fouling 4 July · 2097 68 6IS 57 Ditto - 482 - - had to be discontinued on " · - · · " ~ccount of heaTy rain that Ilet 7 July 29'718 68 67 62 Ditto 200 - " · · · - - · " - ID. s July 30'096 70 58 62 Ditto 20 10'IS6 , - " · · · · · · " ~~c J. St. George, 00 ( President. ~ \..\~ TABLE, No. 67.-PENETRATION of the several Competitive Arms, Large and Small Bore. ------~ Penetration at SO Yards, }'enetratlon at 60 Yard•• Penetration at 100 YanIa, Penetration at 200 Yards,

DlliCrlption DlIICI'lpt1oo _._- . "- -_._- and of Number Number Cliarie, Bullet. Mean Number Number I Menn olB0ar6 oi Boards Mean IIfBoard. Mean ofBomis Number oflWle. Subltanee flted at, Remark.. Penetra- Remarks, Penetra- Remarb, Penlltra- Remarks, P,'nelru- paaaed tien, pasaed puled JlIU'SBd througb, tion, tlon, tion. ------throagh, through. thro"8lJh. ------12 J2"25 Marked 18 12'75 Lodged 13 1.,lJ5o Kutett 13 Enfteld, '577" 70pa.... 11'10 Lodged 12 11"60 IndenW 12 Indented 12 Ii JI powder, 530 gftfu. 1250 Indented 13 11'50 3 groo~ea Dlam,6:I', 12 9'?5 11'7~ Lu~ Lodged 10 12'25 Marked 13 J.odied 12 :,'} 1'ftetI, 1 in 6' W' Wood PIng. I 1~ l'rfar1ed 12 11'60 Indented 12 11'75 Lodged 12 1!!"50 Indented 13 ~ Wax, 1125 11'65 10'75 " 12 Lodged Jl 11-15 11'50 Indented 12 12'15 11'26 Marked 12 11'8/j ~ 10 10'50 Indented 111 12'75 Lodged 13 11'25 12 ~ hIM Indented 19 10'25 Enfield, C, '577" Marked 11 11'76 12 12':10 Indented" 13 12'50 13 10'76 Lodged 11 12'76 " 11'25 Marked 12 il}31 5~ves ,. " 13 ~ Pitch, 1 In 6' 6" " 1150 12 10'76 11 11'00 {Lodged" 12} 12'50 Indented 13 • " .. \ Marked 13 6 12 11"70 11-76 11'76 12 11'85 o " 12 11'00 12'50 Indented 13 12'35 Lodged ~ 12 11'75 It 12'71> Lodsed 13 11'76 12 Enfield, H, 577" 11'25 Marked 12 11'76 " 12 13'60 Indented 14 10'76 " n o " grOOTeII 11'!<'S 14 lI'7li " 12 12-60 13 11,73 " 12 ::c Pitch. 1 In 5' 3" " " 13'25 " 14 12'76 ",. 11 13'50 .." 14 11-00 " o 10'25 " 12'00 ~ " 11 12'60 Indented II 12'10 11'50 12 12'75 11'21> Marked 11 11':'0 nI 12 13'25 Marked 14 " 10'60 Indented 11 ~ 13'75 Lodged 14 2 Enfield, D, 577" 11 11'25 11 11'71> 12 10'25 Mnrked 11 ~ 8 5 grooves ., 10 . 12'75 Lodged" IS 13'50 Indented" 14 11'50 Indented 12 {j 4 Pilch, 1 in .' " 12'60 Indented 13 10-76 ,. 11 12'[,() .. 13 1000 .. 11 t!:l 6 HalC-inch elm 11'50 .. 12 11"<10 11'1!5 Murked 12 11-85 12'50 13 12'BO 10'75 Lodged II 10·10 boarde. soaked ~ rn 1 12"76 Lodged 1~ 12'75 Lodged IS 12'50 " 13 10'50 Indented 11 hours In water, ,> trj 2 12'75 13 11'75 12 12'60 13 10'50 11 } r.-...... placed verlieally JD t"" S ' Empse -512" 11'76 " 12 10'60 Indented" 11 12'21> !\lurked 13 9"75 Lodged JO .. a f'rawe, with a " " rl'1 Pitch, I In 3' " 11 " 10'60 II 12'50 Indented 13 11'25 Marked 12 .. spaee of balf an .. (j IS 11'76 1~ 12'00 12'60 IS 11'00 12'00 13 12'45 11'25 12 10 (},; Inch betweeD them. ., ~ 12 12-60 " " 13'50 " 70 grains 18 12'76 Lodged 13 Indented 14 ~ Entleld. '451" 6SO graln8 12'50 Indented 13 " {j ,1 C.&H, No..6. 11.76 Lodged 11 12·50 Indented13 13'71> Lodged 14 ::; gt'OOvee Dlam, '442", 13 13'60 IlIlIented I4 12'00 r3 13'75 14 Lubrication I o : I) Pitch, 1 In 20' Cavity, 13 12'60 13 13'50 " 14 11'60 Indented" 12 '.-iI 1 TlIHuw, 6 11 12'30 13 " 12'66 12'60 '" IS 12'76 13'50 14 1:l'20 " ...... '*'" 11"76 Lodged It 11,75 Lodged 12 11' 13'75 Lodged. U ­ ~} Whltwortb, ,451" 12'76 13 13'76 ., 14 lo-liO Indented II 13'75 .. 14 ~ 8! Heftgon of 11"76 " 12 HI 11'50 12 11-75 ,. 13 - ... Pitch, 1 lu 20" " 12':>0 Indented 13 Marked 18 14,75 15 t:j " 12'25 13'50 " 14 ., t::j 6 II,n:; Lodled 12 12'10 10-76 Lodged II 12'10 13'60 " 14 12'00 15'50 Indented III 14'10 I " 13'lla Markl!d 14 18'50 IntleDted 14 13'75 Lodged 14 13'76 Lodged 14 Lancaater '462" 12'15 Lodged 13 11'50 ., 12 950 IndentetilO 14'50 llll!cnt,-d II> ElUpae '450" ,. ,. 12'75 ,. 13 12'60 13 12'liO 13 14.'25 MlU'ked 16 .. :PItch, I In 20" 12'75 13 13'60 .." 14 n'liO " 12 13'26 ,. 14 1~ " 12'70 18'60 14 12'90 11'00 " 12 11'76 13'75 Lodged 14 1:1'00 " " n 10-60 Indented 20 22'50 :23 16'75 Lodged 17 20-00 !aJ I1W, Richards, --:--!l&''480" 76 grains 6SO grains .. Jndented 21 lIO'SO Indented 21 ' Ole H,No-6. 19 111"75 LodICl'd !at 20'60 Octagon " '468" 21'26 Marked 22 18':25 Marked 19 18'60 .. 19 lIO'OO .. 21 : J Pitch, 1 In 20" Lubrlcatloa, Dlam_,-.,1" Marked 21 21'2/'i Marked 22 6 Brrecb ,loader, W.JLNo••• 20 )9"U SIO lJO'20 20 19"96 18'{)O Indented.. 19 !IO'06 21'20 112 19'4fj 17'00 Indented 18 19'95 I " J_ St_ O-"e. Preaident. SMALL B)RTH SMALL RORI . 0.462 m: .K.aior alXis._ 0.509 f.rL: __ 0.450 m: ],[uwr_ • _ 0.451 uz.,: fPs. Hea.~on.

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:_Ora.eren,bythe House of Commons, toDe printea, Z7:Marcb.,1863. i .lIuuy.HQTl.Bartl, .Printer.

TABLE, No. 68. .­ (..:) Navez Electro-Balli8tic Apparatus,-Rifled Small Arm,. I.e ABSTRACT showing the Mean Initial Velocities of various Service and Experimental Projectiles, detennined by l .. ieutenant W. H. Noble, R. A., under the direction of the Ordnance Select Commit.tee.

Length of Number Projectile. Velocity o Calibre Length Initial Z Nilture of Gun. No. Bore of Charge. at R EM ARKS. in Inchee, of Charge. lrlean \'eloclty. in Incbee. Rounds. Natnre. 00 feet. \fJ Weight.MMD I Dlemeter. to< w '"":3 t;tj Large Bores: Drvu . Grairu. melle•. ~ Service Enfield - - a 0'077 38'4 4 2'fj Senice 630 0'05 120133 ] 205 I 1 turn in 78 inches. W o Enfield, A 6 1190'6 Io'Jj - - - - " I' " " " 1248'0 1 turn in 48 inch•. " ~ Enfield, B - - 6 1212'6 1271'0 1-4 - - " " "1j " " " " L.... t"l Enfield, C - -- - 0 1210'2 1260'0 1 turn in 7R inches. ~ " " " " " " Z -~ Enfield, D - - - - 4 1191'2 1248'6 1 turn in 48 inches. " " " "" " "%j 0'672 6 . Lancaster - - - 8 { 0'580 } 1188'0 1234'9 A, B, C, and D, are 6·groove o " Not """ " Rifles. ~ observed. Small Bores: Grow. w ~ '4tH 70 { Cylindro- } Enfield - - - - 1 " 6 Conoidal. '442 1188'4 1223'6 Grease lubrication. ~ '603 " l' 12 1 38 B l' Whitworth - - 0 I' 1174'2 1208'2 - { '4{,1 J " "" "" '450 > Lancaster - 1 - 4 1174'7 1208'7 ;::: - - { '462 } - " " " " " " ;::::: \Ii Lancaster - - - 1 - - 7 " " 1188'2 1223'4 Wax as lllbrication. '480" " '468" . 3 3S'4 5 76 Westley Richards - { '460 } " " {- '447 } 1210'7 1267'7 No cavity in base of bullet.

Lieutenant, R.A. JVm. H. Noble, 00 J. SI, George, President. 'I .~~ ~ ARM Y (R IFLE S).

COPY of the REP~RT of the COIfJUTTEE OD SMALL BORE RIFLES, and the various Syatems of Rifling as tried in the Year 1862.

(Mr. Kinnaird.)

Onhrlll, brI The Ho1Ulll or CommoDl, 10 IN Pri'llt,l, ~7 March 1863.

... • [Price Is. 8d.]

139· Under 12 at.