Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway County Council

1. North East Galway ( to ) – Landscape Value Rating - Low Cultural Values (Overall Low) Socio economic Values (Overall Low) Environmental (Overall Low) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Flat to undulating pasture with field boundaries High sense of community in this area due to the Shiven, Suck, Sinking and Bunowen Rivers. The defined by ditches and hedgerows. dispersal of several small urban settlements. Those overall water quality of these rivers is unpolluted to living adjacent to small villages would have strong slightly polluted. In the past these rivers have A small number of bogs in this area. connections with the area. suffered from agricultural pollution. Agriculture is possibly one of the main forms of Occasional clumps of coniferous commercial employment in this area. Flat to undulating lowland with small areas of forestry to be found. There is a large amount of ribbon development in Blanket Peat but mainly consisting of dry mineral the area. The scattered urban settlements serve soils. Loughs are significant landscape element but are these dwellings. only visible at short range. Two loughs adjacent to could be used Main towns in this area are Glennamaddy, for water-sports, depending on water quality. Ballymoe and Mountbellow Bridge. Views of Slievedart mountain for up to 10 There are a large number of site monuments kilometres. located in the vicinity of the R364 between Traffic is heavy on N63. Glenamaddy and Ballymoe. 1 National monument to be found in this area. There are a large number of small loughs located to Air quality in towns and large residential areas may the west of Williamstown. Both the R360 and be of poorer quality during winter due to Designated landscapes as follows; R327 run adjacent to these loughs. combustion of fossil fuel (Peat) which produces Various third class roads in the vicinity of the high levels of Methane and Carbon dioxide. The River Suck - SPA, NHA location of a large number of designated NHA's in Bogs (approx 22sq km) – NHA this area. A good road network could promote this Prevailing winds form Atlantic Ocean refresh and Bogs (approx 30 sq km) – SAC, NHA area as a scenic location. cleanse the air. Turloughs (approx 2 sq km) – SAC, NHA Biodiversity in this area is high as the River Suck, turloughs and bogs within this area have natural habitats, fauna and flora which are of European importance.

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

2. Shannon and Suck River Valley (between and Ballinasloe) – Landscape Value Rating - Medium Cultural Values (Overall Medium) Socio economic Values (Overall Medium - High) Environmental (Overall Medium) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Flat grassland with river as main landscape There is a lot of public recreation in this area due to Watercourses in the area consist of Shannon River, element. the River Shannon – angling, river cruises, and Suck River, Shannon Harbour and . water sports. The overall water quality of these rivers are Some vegetation, including mature trees along the Value to the local economy is high due to the unpolluted to slightly polluted. In the past these river edge environment. tourist interest in the area – nationally and rivers have suffered from agricultural pollution. internationally. There has been an overall improvement in the Distant views can be gained of the Slieve Aughty Sense of community is high due to small local water quality within the River Shannon system. Mountains. businesses depending on the River Shannon and There has however been an increase in the length the tourist industry. of channel affected by serious pollution from 0.8% Scenic quality is higher in this area than that found Educational interest is high – River Shannon to 1.1.1 in the flat pastoral areas of the county (areas 1, 3 longest river in . Settlements in the area include Banagher and and 5). This is due to the unique features such as Portumna. the rivers Shannon and Suck and the views of the Heavy traffic on N65 which crosses Shannon near Slieve Aughty Mountains. Portumna. Air quality in towns and large residential areas may No National monuments to be found in this area. be of poorer quality during winter due to combustion of fossil fuel (Peat) which produces Designated landscapes as follows; high levels of Methane and Carbon dioxide. Flat to undulating lowland. Grey Brown Podzolics The Rivers Shannon and Suck - SPA, NHA surrounding River Shannon. Biodiversity within Shannon and Suck River is high as natural habitats, fauna and flora are protected under European law.

1 DoE - Environmental Bulletin Developments in the area of Environmental Protection – issue 51 – November 2001.

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

3. East Central Galway (, Ballinasloe to Portuma) – Landscape Value Rating - Low Cultural Values (Overall Low) Socio economic Values (Overall Low) Environmental (Overall Low) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Flat pastoral landscape of fields bounded by stone Development potential is high in this area due to Rivers include Abbert, Raford, and walls. the nature of the landscape, mostly flat pastureland Kilcrow. and interspersed patches of bogland. A large Most rivers within this area are unpolluted with the Scattered patches of bogland containing scrub and amount of scattered residential development exception of a few which are slightly polluted from scattered mature trees. already exists in this area. agricultural pollutants. The area is well served with national and third class Settlements in the area include Athenry, Portumna, Generally this area is not noteworthy in terms of roads. Ballinasloe and . All these roads pass scenic value. Ballinasloe is the principle urban settlement in this through Lough Rea. area. Employment opportunities exist primarily in Traffic on N65, N6 and N63 is heavy. In 1998 Views of Abbey for up to 1km Ballinasloe, Portumna and Athenry. there was an increase of 25.67% in the number of Agricultural and peat production are the main Vehicles registered in Galway. Views of St Cuan’s Church at Ahascragh for up to forms of rural enterprise. Air quality in towns and large residential areas may 0.5 km. Social identity and property ownership is high due be of poorer quality during winter due to to the large number of detached residential combustion of fossil fuel (Peat) which produces Scenic route – R359 between and dwelling located throughout this area. Those living high levels of Methane and Carbon dioxide. Killaan cross. adjacent to small urban settlements would have Flat to undulating lowland. Degraded Grey Brown strong links with those areas. Social identity would Podzolics. Shallow Brown Earth’s and Rendzinas Minor route between Mountbellewbridge and also therefore be high. Probably a lot of in- Biodiversity is medium in certain areas for example Ballyforan is scenic. migration due to employment prospects and 8sq km are of European importance. available sites for development 15 National monuments are located in this area. Lots of open views from Castleblakeney to Many of these cannot be viewed from a distance . and therefore contribute little in terms of wider There are a number of national monuments located scenic value. They are of interest at a very local between Ballinasloe and Kilconnell – possible level historically. scenic route of scientific interest. Portumna is also a tourist attraction due to its Designated landscapes as follows; location on the shores of Lough Mask.

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

Bogs (approx 30sq km) – NHA Bogs (approx 8 sq km) – SAC, NHA Turloughs (approx 1 sq km) – NHA Woodland area (approx 2 sq km) - NR

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

4. Southeast Galway ( to ) – Landscape Value Rating - Medium Cultural Values (Overall Medium) Socio economic Values (Overall Medium) Environmental (Overall Medium) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Flat to undulating landscape with scrub and Development potential is high in the hinterlands Water quality of Lough Coole is unpolluted grassland . surrounding Gort due to the nature of the landscape – flat to undulating landscape. This area is also Towns include Gort and Field boundaries bounded by hedgerows without good for agricultural development especially in the mature trees. vicinity of Gort. Traffic on N18, N69, N66 is heavy Quite a few ecclesiastical ruins in this area – could Occasional clumps of commercial forestry. be utilised for historical tourism reasons. Railway line within area The area northeast of Gort is a rich agricultural area Loughs as distinctive landscape elements. These with high quality pastureland. Air emissions dispersed from vehicles, industry, include Lough Cutra and Lough Graney. These There is a large amount of ribbon development domestic fuel burning and agriculture, reduces air contribute significantly to the scenic value. located between and Gort with quality. corresponding high levels of property ownership. Distant views across open landscape. The N66, Gort to Loughrea road runs adjacent to Flat to undulating lowland with Shallow Brown the Slieve Aughty mountains. Earth’s and Redzinas Open views along the R347 from Ardrahan to 7 National monuments to be found in this area. Kinvara. Biodiversity is high in certain areas for example Chill Mac Dhuach is a pleasant area with old 15sq km are of European importance. Designated landscapes as follows; church ruins, graveyards, round towers etc. Lough Cutra and Lough Graney –of potential for Turloughs (approx 7 sq km) – SAC, NHA recreational tourism in this area. Loughs ( approx 8 sq km) – SAC, NHA Lough Cutra (5 sq km ) – SPA, NHA

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

5. Northeast Galway ( environs) – Landscape Value Rating - Low Cultural Values (Overall Low) Socio economic Values (Overall Low) Environmental (Overall Low) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Flat open agricultural landscape of fields bounded Agriculture as main form of rural employment in Rivers include Abbert, Grange, Clare, Black and by hedgerows. this area. Sinking A number of small urban settlements may also Random clusters of mature trees. provide limited employment opportunities. Tuam is the largest settlement in area There is a large amount of linear residential Overall not a highly scenic area. development along the National Primary and Third Traffic is heavy on N17, N83, N84 Class Roads in this extended area. This equates to Loughs are distinctive landscape elements but are high property ownership in this area. Air emissions dispersed from vehicles, industry, generally visible only at short range. Summerville This area does not have much potential for large- domestic fuel burning and agriculture, reduces air Lough is particularly scenic. scale tourism development. A number of smaller quality. loughs could be designated for passive recreation. Views of Knockmaa mountain for up to 8 km Good road network in this area, Tuam and Flat to undulating Lowland. Degraded grey Brown radius. would be the principal centres of Podzolic. Shallow Brown Earth’s and Rendzinas employment. and Basin Peat Views generally to the hills south of the N63. Biodiversity is medium in certain areas for example Views of the cathedral of the assumption in Tuam 47.25sq km are of national importance. for up to a 3 km radius.

10 National monuments to be found in this area.

Designated landscapes as follows;

Esker (0.25 sq km) - NR Lakes (approx 4 sq km) – NHA Bogs (approx 35 sq km) – NHA Turloughs (approx 8 sq km) – NHA

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

6. Slieve Aughty Mountains – Landscape Value Rating - Medium Cultural Values (Overall Medium) Socio economic Values (Overall Medium - High) Environmental (Overall Medium) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Undulating to mountainous terrain with distinctive Huge tourist potential in the vicinity of the Slieve Watercourses include Lough Cutra, landform characteristics. Aughty Mountains. Owendalulleegh, Ballin and Atorick. All of which Property ownership and social identity is high in are unpolluted. Large tracts of commercial forestry. this area. The R353 and R461 traversing the mountains could Largest settlement in the area is Woodford. Long range scenic views towards the mountains. be designated as scenic routes. Potential to develop tourist facilities within the Large areas of commercial forestry. The effects of Route R351 and N66 at the foothills are scenic Slieve Aughty region. deforestation will impact the quality of soil and routes. Lough Atorich is another tourist attraction in this water. area and could be designated for water sports etc. 1 National monument to be found in this area. A lot of commercial forestry in this region, some of Area is surrounded by woodland, has few which detracts from the overall visual amenity of settlements and no major roads. Designated landscapes as follows; the mountains. Mixture of Mountain and Hill Blanket Peat to Bogs (approx 20 sq km) – SAC, NHA Rolling Lowland. Peaty Gleys.

Biodiversity is high in certain areas for example 20sq km are of European importance.

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

7. Northwest Lough Derg)– Landscape Value Rating - Medium Cultural Values (Overall Medium) Socio economic Values (Overall Medium – High) Environmental (Overall Medium) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Relatively flat enclosed waterside landscape. This area consists of low-lying water-edge Watercourses in the area include Lough Derg and pastureland. Coos River. As a result of pollution from the Lough Derg is the main distinctive landscape Lough Derg is main tourist attraction and would Shannon River, Lough Derg has now been feature. facilitate water-sports, fishing etc and other spin- classified as being in a satisfactory mesotrophic offs from its association with the River Shannon. condition. 1 Scenic views at long range towards the Slieve High sense of community along the shores of Aughty mountains. Lough Derg – relationship of local people with the Portumna is the largest settlement. Lough. 3 National monuments to be found in this area. The 3 national monuments could enhance the Portumna forest park. attractiveness of this area. Designated landscapes as follows; Lough Derg has good economic opportunities with Air quality if good as forest park surrounds area. regard to tourist development and its association North shore of Lough Derg - SAC, NHA with River Shannon. Rolling lowland surrounding Lough Derg. Lough Derg - SPA Bogs (approx 4 sq km) – SAC, NHA Biodiversity is medium in certain areas for example 4sq km of bog and Lough Derg are of European importance.

1 DoE - Environmental Bulletin Developments in the area of Environmental Protection – issue 51 – November 2001.

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

8. Lower Burren (Co. Galway portion) – Landscape Value Rating - Outstanding Cultural Values (Overall Outstanding) Socio economic Values (Overall Outstanding) Environmental (Overall Outstanding) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Generally a flat open landscape. Low development potential for Watercourses include Aughinish Bay which is residential/industrial uses due to the nature of the unpolluted. Little vegetative cover together with an abundance landscape. Possible development of tourist of stony outcrops contributes to an overall barren facilities. Small area consisting of only one settlement called setting. There is a small scattering of residential dwellings Funshin Moore. in this area, a proportion of which are traditional Distinctively wild and scenic landscape. farmhouses and cottages. Social identity and Heavy traffic on N67. property ownership is high. Sense of community is Flat areas of granite pavement associated with the also high due to the low level of new residents in Air emissions disperse from vehicles, industry, Burren granite pavement complex in Co Clare. the area. domestic fuel burning and agriculture reduce air Scenic routes such as the third class road running quality. No National monuments to be found in this area. parallel to could be promoted as a tourist route – nationally and internationally Air quality is good. Designated landscapes as follows; known? Public recreation would be primarily based on Hilly land consisting of Rendzinas with rocky Burren (approx 15 sq km) – SAC, NHA walking routes, cycling, tourist trails etc. The outcrop. Burren is internationally known – more tourist facilities could be developed. Biodiversity is outstanding in certain areas for Good road network connecting the Burren with example 15sq km are of European importance. Galway City.

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

9. Inveran to Galway City coastline – Landscape Value Rating - High Cultural Values (Overall High) Socio economic Values (Overall High) Environmental (Overall High) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity A flat coastal landscape. Lot of ribbon development along the R336, which Galway Bay is a protected shellfish area under would indicate high property ownership. This European legalisation. Therefore water quality is Scenic qualities somewhat spoilt by ribbon increase in new residential development and good. development. subsequent influx of young married couples may fail to strengthen interest in community facilities Main road is R336. Traffic along this route There are pockets of landscape that are relatively and wellbeing. It is probable that many of these especially from Galway to Spiddle is heavy during undeveloped and therefore retain a high scenic people commute daily to Galway for employment rush hour. quality associated with this coastline. purposes and fail to inject any of their earnings back into community life. Settlements include Spiddle, and Inveran. Coastal setting is main distinctive landscape Galway Bay is the main tourist attraction in this element. area. Views are impaired by one-off residential Air emissions dispersed from vehicles, industry, properties. domestic fuel burning and agriculture, reduces air No National monuments to be found in this area. Recreational activities relate primarily to water- quality. sports. Designated landscapes as follows; There is potential to develop caravan parks and Air quality is good. picnic areas along the R336. Furbogh Wood (approx 0.5sq km) – NHA The small urban settlements along this route would Rolling Lowland with rocky outcrop and peat. cater for tourists/visitors. Biodiversity in this area is high especially around coast.

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

10. East Connemera Mountains (, to Lough Anillaun) – Landscape Value Rating - High Cultural Values (Overall High) Socio economic Values (Overall High) Environmental (Overall High) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Generally an undulating landscape with Landscape comprises mountains and lakes. Loughs include Inch, Naulla, Boliska, Cloonadoon mountainous areas occupying the eastern section. Economic viability would depend on forestry, and Anillaunmore. All of which are unpolluted. fishing industry of Lough Corrib and employment Commercial forestry to be found on the mountain in Galway. Largest settlement is Oughterard. slopes. The N59 could be developed as a scenic route; the undulating landscape in the area could Heavy traffic on N59. There are no main roads Many low lying areas containing a multitude of accommodate development of tourist facilities. located to the south of area. small loughs. Sense of community is high in this area due to the low level of scattered residential development. Population and development is low apart from Views of Cnoc Mordain for up to 10 km. Property ownership is also high due to people areas within immediate vicinity of N59 and living in the area for generations. Not a huge influx Oughterard. Dominant landscape elements such as the of new residents to the area. mountains and the lakes contribute significantly to Unspoilt landscape to the south of the N59. Air quality is good. the high scenic quality. Rolling lowland Blanket Peat. 1 National monument to be found in this area. Biodiversity in this area is high as many sq. km are Designated landscapes as follows; of European importance.

Connemara Bog Complex (many sq km) – SAC, NHA

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

11. Lough Corrib and environs – Landscape Value Rating - Outstanding Cultural Values (Overall Outstanding) Socio economic Values (Overall High - Outstanding) Environmental (Overall High -Outstanding) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Lough Corrib has huge potential for tourist Lough Corrib and Lough Maumwee (north-west of The large expanse of water that forms the lough is development – fishing, boating, water-sports. Corrib) both of which are unpolluted. the main distinctive landscape feature. Fishing and tourism are the only form of economic development. Cregg and Black River are unpolluted. Wooded islands within the lough contribute to the Some areas adjacent to the lough allow flat open unique sense of place. views over the lough. A number of possible sites Main roads include N84 and N59. Traffic is heavy for holiday home development. on both. Flat open pastoral landscape surrounds the southern Social identity is high amongst those who have edge of the lough. been resident in the area for a long period. No settlement in the area but Oughterard is in close A sustained local community can only really rely proximity to Lough Corrib. To the north, undulating heathland surrounds the on fishing, tourism and recreational enterprises. lough. Land immediately adjacent to Lough Corrib is flat Air emissions dispersed from vehicles, industry, low-lying wetland and would have poor domestic fuel burning and agriculture, reduce air Scenic views of mountains to the western side of agricultural potential. quality. Lough Corrib for up to 17km. Property ownership is high due to the extent of new residential development particularly on the south Flat to undulating Lowland surrounding Lough Scenic views to be gained generally from the N59. side of the lough. Corrib. There are a number of historic and national Some historic monuments visible for up to 2km monuments located within the study area. Biodiversity in this area is outstanding for example radius. Lough Corrib of European importance.

3 National monuments to be found in this area.

Designated landscapes as follows;

Lough Corrib – SAC, SPA, NHA

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

12. South foothills of east Connemera Mountains (Ouranavilla Tully to Tonabrocky) – Landscape Value Rating - Medium Cultural Values (Overall Medium) Socio economic Values (Overall Low - Medium) Environmental (Overall High) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity An undulating landscape consisting of heathland Low economic potential in this area due to the Watercourses in the area include Lough Naulla, plants with occasional clumps of indigenous shrubs nature of the landscape – poor agricultural area. Inch and Ugga More. All of which are unpolluted. and mature trees. Sporadic clumps of forestry in this area, which is the main form of economic activity. No main roads and towns within area. Rocky outcrops are widespread giving a sense of Low development potential due to the rugged wildness to this area. landscape. Air quality is good, as area is rural by nature. High social identity – those living in this area have Views inland of a heathland landscape for up to 4 – done so for generations, would have strong links Rolling Lowland Blanket Peat. 5 km. with neighbours. Public recreation mainly hill walking, site seeing. Biodiversity is high in certain areas for example The area has an overall medium scenic value. Local settlements would facilitate these tourists. 50% is of European importance.

Views of Lough Inch for a 2km radius.

No National monuments to be found in this area.

Designated landscapes as follows;

Western half of this area is classed as an SAC and NHA

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

13. East Galway Bay ( to Kinvarra Bay and inland to N18 road) – Landscape Value Rating - High Cultural Values (Overall high) Socio economic Values (Overall High) Environmental (Overall High) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Galway Bay is main landscape element with its High tourism potential in this area is high due to Watercourses include Kinvarra Bay, Dunbulcaun unique sinuous coastline. local natural amenities – Galway Bay, Kinvara and Bay and Galway Bay. All of which are unpolluted. Oranmore. Area is generally flat and highly scenic towards the Good road network – potential scenic routes along Main roads include N67 and N18. Traffic is heavy coastal edge. Galway Coast. on both. Development potential is high – good road network Inland area features pasture with fields bounded by from Galway to Ennis via the Burren. Largest settlement includes Oranmore. hedgerows. Local employment in Galway City, Kinvara, Oranmore. Good quality pastureland to facilitate Air emissions dispersed from vehicles, industry, N67 as scenic route with views of Galway Bay and agricultural development. domestic fuel burning and agriculture, reduces air Kinvara Bay. N67 – possible scenic route encompassing the quality. Burren. Flat to Undulating Lowland – Limestone, Shallow 2 National monuments are to be found in this area. in places.

Designated landscapes as follows; Biodiversity is high in certain areas for example many sq. km are of European importance. Loughs ( 4 sq km) - SAC, NHA Marsh area (approx 2sq km) – NHA Galway Bay – SAC, NHA, SPA

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

14. West – Landscape Value Rating - Outstanding Cultural Values (Overall Outstanding) Socio economic Values (Overall Outstanding) Environmental (Overall Outstanding) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Overall a flat open landscape containing many Development potential is low due to the wet Watercourses include Lough Bollard and loughs and turloughs. Outstanding scenic quality. landscape. Emlaghnabehy. All of which are unpolluted. Lack of a good road network permeating the area. Areas of bog and heath can be found. Sense of community is high – dispersed small The N59 runs directly north of area. The R341 attractive dwellings. starts at and runs directly around coastal Sections of the N59 route are highly scenic. Hill walking, fishing probably only forms of public area. recreation Minor route between Ballinaboy and Lake – watersports, fishing. Largest settlement in area is Roundstone. consists of a highly scenic bogland setting. Tourism – only form of economic development in this area. R341 could be designated as a scenic Air emissions dispersed from vehicles, industry, Route R341 offers consistent scenic views of the route. domestic fuel burning and agriculture, reduces air coastline. quality.

No National monuments are to be found in this Area consists of Rolling Lowland and Blanket area. Peat. Red bog wetlands.

Designated landscapes as follows; Biodiversity is outstanding for example many sq. km are of National and European importance.

Many square kilometres of this area including various lakes carry both SAC and NHA designation.

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

15. and Islands – Landscape Value Rating - High Cultural Values (Overall High ) Socio economic Values (Overall High) Environmental (Overall High) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Great diversity of landscape elements including Area is well development in terms of industrial and Watercourses include Casheen Bay and Greatmans islands, coastline and loughs contribute overall to commercial activity. Ample to serve extent of Bay. All of which are unpolluted. high scenic quality. residential development on the islands. Value of scenic areas in terms of tourist The area is split into two areas, which includes Landscape characteristics are unique giving the development is low due to the extent of residential Lettermore Island and Gorumna island. area a strong sense of place. development. Public recreation/attractions are minimal – water- R374 is the main road. Views of the mainland can be gained at long sports, walking etc. distance. Sense of community in this area is high – large Air emissions dispersed from vehicles, industry, amount of residential development, the local domestic fuel burning and agriculture, reduces air Views of Cnoc Mordain can be gained. population employed in local enterprises. quality. Strong sense of community and social identity on Views of the can be gained from the islands. Rolling Lowland and Blanket Peat. Gorumna Island. Biodiversity is high as many sq. km are of No National monuments are to be found in this European importance. area.

Designated landscapes as follows;

Both Lettermore and Gorumna Islands carry the SAC designation.

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

16. West foothills of East Connemara Mountains – Landscape Value Rating - High Cultural Values (Overall High) Socio economic Values (Overall High) Environmental (Overall High) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Flat to undulating open landscape with little Poor landscape for agricultural development. Watercourses include Lough Muckanagh and vegetation. No residential development. Glenicmurrin. All of which are unpolluted. Public recreation – mainly hill walking. The area is characterised by the presence of some Could be exploited for its scenic qualities. R336 main road. bogs and many loughs. Air quality is good. Views east to the Lackadunna mountain complex. Overall a high scenic quality in this area. Rolling Lowland Blanket Peat.

Biodiversity is outstanding in certain areas for No national monuments are to be found in this example many sq km are of European and National area. importance.

Designated landscapes as follows;

A large proportion of this area carries both SAC and NHA designations.

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

17. Carraroe (Cashla Bay to Glencoh) – Landscape Value Rating - High Cultural Values (Overall High) Socio economic Values (Overall High) Environmental (Overall High) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity A flat open exposed landscape. Well developed small urban settlements in this area Watercourses include Camus Bay (Unpolluted) with a strong sense of community. The area contains wet low lying patches together High property ownership, locals probably Largest Settlement includes Carraroe town with rocky outcrops. employed in local enterprises, fishing etc. Public recreation – fishing, walking. Air quality is good. Bay and the coastline at Carraroe are Kilkieran Bay is an attractive area – could be unique areas of coastline giving the area a unique exploited for tourism reasons. Rolling Lowland – Rock Outcrop, Peat and Blanket and highly scenic identity. Peat.

1 National monument is to be found in this area. Biodiversity is high in certain areas for example many sq km are of European and National Designated landscapes as follows; importance.

Kinvarra Saltmarsh (approx. 3 sq km)- SAC, NHA Glencoh Rock and peninsula to the south – SAC Camus Area – SAC, NHA

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

18. Bertraghboy Bay and eastern Banks – Landscape Value Rating – High Cultural Values (Overall High) Socio economic Values (Overall High) Environmental (Overall High) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Flat to undulating coastal landscape. Tourism and aquaculture main forms of economic Watercourses include Kilkieran Bay and development. Bertraghboy Bay. Both Unpolluted. Coastline has unique profile, giving the area a Sense of community is high adjacent to the small strong identity. urban settlements – Carna, Glinsk, Main road in area is R340 This is area and therefore popular with Views can be gained of Lettermore and Gorumna tourists. Air quality is good Islands. Extended area is very attractive – large number of tourist's visit this area annually. The small urban Rolling Lowland – Rocky Outcrop and Peat Distant views of the Aran Islands can be gained. settlements are ample to cater for them. The R340 could be promoted as a scenic route. Biodiversity is high as many sq km are of No national monuments are to be found in this European and national importance. area.

Designated landscapes as follows;

Many square kilometres of coastline – SAC, NHA Islands in this area generally – NHA

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

19. West Coast (Gorteen Bay to Clifden)– Landscape Value Rating – Outstanding Cultural Values (Overall Outstanding) Socio economic Values (Overall Outstanding) Environmental (Overall Outstanding) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Flat open landscape with extensive coastline, The R341 and R340 could be promoted as scenic Watercourses include Anaserd Lough, Clifden Bay, loughs and beaches. routes. Mannin Bay, Bunowen Bay and Not a great deal of potential for residential Bay. All unpolluted. Sections of the route R341 are highly scenic development – potential for tourist development is particularly at Clifden. high due to the scenic landscape. There are a lot of Air quality is good. open views from the R341. Views over the flat open terrain generally. Local communities possibly well sustained due to Rolling Lowland, Rock Outcrop and Peat. fishing, agriculture and tourism. This is also Views can be gained of the Connemara mountains gaeltacht area. Biodiversity is Outstanding as large areas are to the east. Views of Clifden Bay and Ballyconneely Bay from protected under European and national legalisation. the R341. No national monuments are to be found in this Potential to develop walking routes in the vicinity area. of the area.

Designated landscapes as follows;

Large areas carry both SAC and NHA designations including Slyne Head peninsula.

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

20. West Coast (Clifden to mouth of Killary Harbour) – Landscape Value Rating - Outstanding Cultural Values (Overall Outstanding) Socio economic Values (Overall Outstanding) Environmental (Overall Outstanding) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Flat to undulating open coastal landscape. The N59 could be a potential scenic route Watercourses include Aughrusbeg Lough. Lot of tourist attractions in this area Ardnageevagh, Unpolluted. A mountainous landscape lies further inland at the Ballynakill Harbour, Inishbofin Island. foothills of the Connemara mountain range. Sense of community/social identity is high. The Heavy Traffic on N59 landscape is mostly mountainous so little potential A section of the N59 route is highly scenic for extensive residential development. Largest settlement in Clifden particularly at Ballynakill Harbour. Public recreation – fishing, boating, watersports. There is a good road network in this area. Air emissions dispersed from vehicles, industry, Sections of the route R341 are highly scenic domestic fuel burning and agriculture, reduces air particularly at Ballyconneely Bay. quality.

Spectacular views in a southerly direction towards Rolling Lowland – Rocky Outcrop and peat Clifden Bay, Mannin Bay and Ballyconneely Bay. Biodiversity is outstanding for example many sq. No national monuments are to be found in this km are of European and National importance. area.

Designated landscapes as follows;

Inishbofin Island (approx 25 sq km) – SAC, NHA (approx 7 sq km) – SAC, NHA

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

21. Killary Harbour and Southern Banks – Landscape Value Rating - Outstanding Cultural Values (Overall Outstanding) Socio economic Values (Overall Outstanding) Environmental (Overall Outstanding) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Overall a highly scenic setting with diversity of Sense of community is high due to the lack of new Watercourses include Killary Harbour, which is landscape features ranging from mountain to fjord. development in the area – long-term residents in unpolluted. These waters contain fish farms, which this area may have a negative impact on water quality. The landcover consists of heathland plants with Local communities avail of the Harbour for fishing little or no tree cover. etc. Heavy traffic on N59. Visual links are possibly low due to the topography The N59 is a highly scenic route. of the area. Largest settlement is . Development potential is low in this area due to the Distant views can be gained of Bengorm and the absence of a good road network. Air quaity is good. mountains. This area could be developed for aquaculture/marine science Mountain and Hill mostly, sandstone and Granite. No national monuments are to be found in this Highly scenic area – possible to develop as a major area. tourist attraction. Biodiversity is outstanding as many sq. km are of European and National importance. Designated landscapes as follows;

Southern shores of Killary Harbour – SAC, NHA

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

22. Connemara National Park (including Lough Fee, and Lough) – Landscape Value Rating – Outstanding Cultural Values (Overall Outstanding) Socio economic Values (Overall Outstanding) Environmental (Overall Outstanding) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Huge diversity of landscape features ranging from Sense of community is high – not a large amount of Watercourses include Kylemore Lough, Nahillion mountains to valleys and lakes. Overall outstanding residential development, those living in the area Lough and Traheen River. All of which are scenic quality. have done so for several generations. unpolluted. Excellent tourist potential – hill walking, scenic Large clumps of commercial forestry can be found routes. The landscape is unspoilt. Air quality is good as Lichen was identified within in this area. Kylemore Abbey is one of top tourist attractions in this area. Lichen is very sensitive to pollution and the west. will only grow in pure air. Route R344 is highly scenic. The N59 is a potential scenic route. There is a need for extended tourist facilities to Mountain and Hill – Shallow Brown Earth’s Views of up to 5 km of Lough Inagh, Derryclare cater for this area. Clifden attracts the majority of Lough and Kylemore Lough. the tourists. Biodiversity is outstanding as many sq. km are of The large amount of forestry in this area could European and National importance. No national monuments are to be found in this camouflage development of tourist facilities. area. Lough Innagh, Kylemore Lough and are also quite spectacular. Designated landscapes as follows;

Several square kilometres of this area carry the SAC and NHA designations. Connemara National Park ( approx 25 sq km)

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

23. Joyces Country (including Lehanagh Loughs and South Lough Mask) – Landscape Value Rating – Outstanding Cultural Values (Overall Outstanding) Socio economic Values (Overall Outstanding) Environmental (Overall Outstanding) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity

Great diversity of landscape elements ranging from Highly scenic area – mountains, valleys, lakes – Watercourses include Lehanagh Loughs which are mountain to valley and lake. excellent tourist potential to be exploited. unpolluted The R336 traverses this area and could be Land cover varies from rough grassland to heath designated as a highly scenic route. Main roads include R344 and R366 and bog. Lough Nafooey and the Maumturk Valley could be further exploited as potential tourist attractions – Mountain & Hill Peaty Gleys and Blanket Peat. Route R336 is highly scenic, commanding views of additional facilities for tourists and visitors to this the mountain peaks for up to 18 km. area. Air quality is good. Possible walking trails and hiking paths in this area No National monuments are to be found in this – possible sites for a visitor/activity centre Biodiversity is outstanding as many sq. km are of area. Forestry and tourism are the main economic European and National importance. resources. Designated landscapes as follows; High sense of community among those living in this area.

Many square kilometres of this area are covered by both SAC and NHA designations.

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

24. Aran Islands – Landscape Value Rating – Outstanding Cultural Values (Overall Outstanding) Socio economic Values (Overall Outstanding) Environmental (Overall Outstanding) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity Main landscape elements include coastline, beach Good ferry service linking the islands and the Aran Islands are surrounded by water. and flat stony rough grazed inland areas. mainland. consists of Killeany Bay. The water quality in this Ample tourist facilities on the islands. The island area is unpolluted. Distant views over towards mainland Galway. attracts a large amount of tourists during the summer period. Seals swim within these waters 34 National monuments in this area. High sense of community/social identity amongst the locals. Fishing/tourism are the main form of Largest town within Inishmore is Designated landscapes as follows; economic activity. Land is rugged/poor for intensive agriculture. Hilly land – Rendzinas with outcropping rock – There are a large amount of site monuments Limestone. Many square kilometres of this area are covered by both located on the three islands. SAC and NHA designations. All three islands have good road networks and Air quality is good, as only islanders can drive on walking routes. island and development is controlled. Dun Aengus is a popular tourist attraction, good supply of facilities in this area. Biodiversity in this area is outstanding as many sq. Gaeltacht Summerschools also attract additional km are of European and National importance. tourists, students etc.

Word97\1926\Landscape Values20/12/01.doc Landscape and Landscape Character Assessment for Galway Galway County Council

25. Lough Rea– Landscape Value Rating - High Cultural Values (Overall High) Socio economic Values (Overall High) Environmental (Overall High) Landscape Aesthetics / Sense of place Value to local economy Water Quality Historical Features Sense of community Soil Type Protected / Designated Landscapes Education Air Quality Public Recreation Biodiversity The Lough is the main landscape element in this Loughrea is important for tourism development of Lough Rea is unpolluted. area and contains vegetated islands, which give it a the surrounding area – watersports, activity unique character. holidays etc. Three major roads run close to Lough Rea which There is little diversity in the landscape to the north include N66, N6 and R350. The town of Loughrea bounds the northern edge of of Loughrea. The lough would be the main tourist the lough and the southern boundary is formed by attraction in the extended area. Air quality is good. the Slieve Aughty Mountains which can be viewed Sense of community is high – strong social from the lough. connection with Loughrea. Flat to Undulating Lowland. Limestone till, Shallow in Places. No national monuments are to be found in this area. Biodiversity in this area is high as Lough Rea of European and National importance. Designated landscapes as follows;

Lough Rea is covered by SAC and NHA designations.

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