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June 1997

The Nearctic species of Oetophorus (, , )

John R. Barron Crop Protection Program, ECORC Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Branch, K.W. Neatby Building Ottawa, Ontario, IClA OCG, Canada

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Barron, John R., "The Nearctic species of Oetophorus (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae)" (1997). Insecta Mundi. 262. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/262

This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. INSECTA MUNDI, Vol. 11, No. 2, June, 1997 117

The Nearctic species of Oetophorus (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae)

John R. Barron Crop Protection Program, ECORC Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Branch, 1C.W. Neatby Building Ottawa, Ontario, IClA OCG, Canada

Abstract: The Nearctic members of the Oetophorus Foerster are revised. There are four species, 0.pleurnlis (Cresson),and 0. obsc~rrrrs,0. cluuutus, and 0. nlaculatus, new species. The name Oetophorus stretcl~ii(Cresson) is placed in synonylny with the name Oetopl~oruspler~rtrlis(Cresson). Relationships of the genus with others in the tribe Perilissini nnd relationships of the species included in the genus nre briefly discussed. Key words: Oetoplrorus, Ichneumonidae, Nearctic species

Introduction two previously described species of Oetophorus as here recognized, namely 0. r~aeviusin the western Foerster (18G9) clescribed the genera Oetopho- Palaearctic region and 0. pleura.lis in North Amer- rus andSyrrt.pIt~obuswithout inclucledspecies. Davis ica. There are three new species in the Nearctic (1898) included A4esoleius stretc11.iCresson and his region, described in this article. The species 0. new species, 0. II,C%SOII.~,under the genus Oetopho- ~~aeviusis beneficial in the control of the gooseberry rus ancl Tryph.or~pleuralis Cresson under the ge- , Nerrtatu.~ribesii Scopoli, in Europe. All nus Symp1l.obus. Thus, Trypl~or~pleu.ralis is the males of the genus 0etopl~oru.sshare the following type species of Syrr~plrobusby subsequent inclu- character st,ates: parameres near apex with spine- sion. Viereck (19 14) subsequently designatxd Me- like seta, aedeagus at apex curved and in the form soleius stretclrii Cresson as type species of Oetopho- of a oblique flat disc. rus. Townes (1939) noted that the names 0etopk.o- rus and Syrnlp1t.obrr.s were congeneric. He also noted Materials and Methods that 0. pleuralis has ~ect~inateclaws, thus not fitting the original description of Syrrt.~)hobus.How- Methods used, including measurement of ma- ever, the International Code of Zoological Nomen- lar space, statistical analyses of data, analyses of clature (1985) stat,es that the first species later macrosculpture and microsculpture are the same includecl in a genus originally described without as those used in the study of Nearctic species of species becomes the type species of that genus Perilissus (Barren, 1992, 1994a) ancl Latllrolestes (Townes, 1939). Burlts (1952) noted the 'spine-like' (Barron, 1994b). Terminology used to describe the seta at the apes of each paramere of males of microsculpture, such as sculpticells, is modified Oetoplt,orus but ret,ainetl t,he species under the from that used by Allen and Ball (1980) for cara- genus Perilissrcs I-Iolmgren, 1856. Townes (1945) bicls. The area radiatingfrom each setal pore on the ancl Burks (1952) considerecl the name Oeto~~lrorrts integument consists of more-or-less oval cells, re- as a junior synonym of Perilissus and transferred ferred to as sculpticells, which can be convex, as in the three species, 0. pleurcxlis, 0,r~asor~i, ar~d 0. Figs. 5, 14, 40, G5 (Barron, 1992) or slightly convex stretcl~ii.Townes and Townes (1951) resurrected or flat, as in Figs. 22, 31, 48, 56, 74, 82 (Barron, the name Oetophorus, presumably based on the 1992). Several cells can form a 'daisy-like' pattern, unique parameres of t,he three included Nearctic as in Figs. 5, 14,40,65,91(Barron 1992). Each setal species. Townes (1970) included the western Palae- pore represents a puncture from which the seta arctic species 0. rt.nevius (Gmelin) and described arises. The sculp ticells form a network of mesh-like the parameres of the males. Burks (1952) placed or latticed patterns and the individual cells are t,he name 0. r~as01t.iin synonymy wit,h the name 0. isocliametric (Barron, 1992). The names of individ- pleurcr.lis, whereas Townes (1970) considered the uals and their representative institutions (includ- names to represent tlistinct species. There are only ing abbreviations used throughout t,he text,) from 118 Volume 11, No. 2, June, 1997, INSECTA MUNDI

which material was borrowed are noted under Key to the Nearctic species of Oetophorus acknowleclgmen ts. 1. Propodeum with carinae incomplete, slightly raised; Oetophorus Foerster area superomedia and area basalis confluent, Oetopl~orirsFoerster, 1869: 196. Type species: very narrow, basal transverse carina absent (Fig. stretcl~iiCresson, through subsequent designation 9) ...... 0. obscurus sp.nov. by Viereck, 1914: 104, from two species included by - Propodeum with carinaecomplete, distinctly or slight- Davis, 1898: 251,252. Townes, 1939: 96; Townes and ly raised, or only area basalis at base not defined; Townes, 1951: 327; Townes, 1970: 94; Kasparyan, area superomedia and area basalis separated by 1981: 331. basal transverse carina, relatively broad (Figs. S.ytrtphobics Foerster, 1869: 199. Type species: 4, 15, 22) ...... 2 pleuralis Cresson, through subsequent monotypy from inclusion by Davis, 1898: 323. Synonymy by Townes, 2(1).Mandible with lower tooth much longer than upper. 1939: 96. Hind legs with second trochanters each on ven- tral surface flat. Malar space short, 0.06 mm. Diagnostic characters. Face and clypeus in Clypeus smooth, with punctures only at apical dorsolateral profile moderately convex (Figs. 1, G), margin. Face of females and males reddish-yel- slightly convex (Fig. 1I), or flat (Fig. 18). Clypeus low, each at middle with small black triangular macula. Hind wing with cu-a intercepted by Cul distinctly separated from face, with apical margin far below middle (Fig. 20). Face and clypeus in thick, broadly arcuat,e. Occipit.al carina clorsomedi- dorsolateral profile flat (Fig. 18) ...... ally complete, meeting hypostomal carina distinct- ...... 0. nraculalus sp.nov. ly before base of mandible. Mandible wit,h lower -Mandible with lower tooth slight,ly longer than upper. tooth longer than upl~er.Hind wing with cu-a Hind legs with seconcl trochanters not modified. inclivous; cu-a intercepted by Cul at or below Malar space elongate, 0.09-0.12 mm. Clypeus middle (Figs. 3, 8, 14, 20). Tarsal claws distinctly entirely punctate. Face at middle without dis- pectinate to apes. Propodeum with carinae com- tinct triangular macula. Hind wing with cu-a plete (Fig. 4) or with only area basalis at base not intercepted by Cul at or slightly below middle (Figs. 3, 14). Face and clypeus in dorsolateral defined (Figs. 15, 21), t,hose of 0. obscurus only profile slightly to distinctly convex (Figs. 1, 11) slightly raised and basal transverse carina absent (Fig. 9). First metasomal segment with glymma elongate, deep. First tergum with spiracle at or 3(2). Antennae of males with apical articles expanded near midtlle; lat,eral longitudinal carina distinct transversely intoaclub (Fig. 12). First metasom- from base to apes (Figs. 5, 10, 16, 22). Ovipositor a1 tergum without median longitudinal impres- straight, with dorsal notch distant from apex. Male sion (Fig. 16). Face and clypeus in dorsolateral genitalia with parameres longer than aedeagus, profile slightly convex (Fig. 11). Mesopleuron distinct,ly surpassing apex of metasoma; parameres and propodeum smooth, wit,hout microsculpture. First and second metasomal terga with sculpti- each near apex on inner side with 'spine-like' seta cells slightly convex. Face of females reddish- (Fig. 17). Aedeagus without apical sensilla, apex at yellow, at middle withirregular black macula, or curved, transversely broadened into a oblique, flat face black; face of males white ...... disc (Fig. 17). Microscull~turein form of isodiamet- ...... 0. clavatus sp.nov. ric scul~ticellsthat are flat to distinctly convex; -Antenna of males not modified. First metasomal ter- these forming a vague t,o distinct 'daisy-like' pat- gum with median longitudinal impression (Fig. tern. First and second metasomal terga of most 5). Face and clypeus in dorsolateral profile dis- species rugose, wit,h scu11)t~icellsstxongly convex. tinctly convex (Fig. 1). Mesopleuron and gropo- Remarks. Individuals of the genus Oetopho- deum rugose, with microsculpture. First and second metasomal terga withsculpticells strong- rus are distinguished from other members of the ly convex. Face of most females black; face of Perilissini by the parameres of males each with a most males pale yellow ...... subapical 'spine-like' seta; first and second metaso- ...... 0.pleuralis (Cresson) ma1 terga rugose, with sculpticells convex, except those of 0. clavatus slightly convex. The 'spine-like' 0etoph.orus pleuralis (Cresson) set,a on each paramere of males is usually distinct (Figs. 1-7) on mounted specimens, because the parameres protrucle sufficiently beyond the apex of t,he meta- Tryphot~pleuralisCresson, 1864: 275. Holotype, female, soma for these projections t,o be visible. New Jersey (ANSP). INSECTA MUNDI, Vol. 11, No. 2, June, 1997

Symphobus pleuralis; Davis, 1898: 323. with sculpticells strongly convex, in distinct 'daisy- Oetophorus pleuralis; Townes, 1939:96; Townes and like' pattern; punctures closely spaced; first, sec- Townes, 1951: 328; 1970: 94. ond, and third terga appearing rugose. Perilissuspleuralis; Townes, 1945:499;Burks, 1952:97. Colour. Variation in colour, particularly of Mesoleius stretchii Cresson, 1878: 371. Holotype, fe- male, California (ANSP). NEW SYNONlrMY. head, mesopleuron, metasomal terga, is extreme Oetophorus stretchii; Davis, 1898: 252; Townes and and does not follow any clear geographic pattern, Townes, 1951: 328; Townes 1970: 94. except possibly in the colour of the legs (see Varia- Perilissus stretchii; Townes, 1945: 500; Burlts, 1952:98. tion section). Also, one can find various colour Oetophorus nasoni Davis, 1898: 251. Holotype, female, forms from the same specific locality. Algonquin, Illinois (ANSP); Townes and Townes, Variation. Propodeum of some inhviduals with 1951: 328; 1970: 94. Synonymy with pleuralis by basal transverse carina at middle absent and a few Burks, 1952: 97. individuals with basal transverse carina at sides Perilissus nasoni; Townes, 1945: 499; Burks, 1952: 97. incomplete. The punctures on the side of the me- sopleuron of some specimens from Oregon and Diagnostic Characters. Face and clypeus in Arizona are less dense. The carinae on the propo- dorsolateral profile convex, not in same plane (Fig. deum of a few individuals are more strongly raised, 1). Propodeum with carinae complete, distinctly but not according to any particular geographical raised (Fig. 4). First metasomal tergum with medi- pattern. A ramus is present on lm-cu of the forew- an longitudinal impression (Fig. 5). First and sec- ing of a few specimens but is very indistinct and ond metasomal terga with sculpticells strongly appears only as a vestige. The first metasomal convex. Head of most females black; face of males tergum of a few females from Michigan and Ontario pale yellow, vertex black. is more strongly rugose and at apex longitudinally Description. Adult female, male. Head. Face striate, and the carinae of the propodeum are more and clypeus in dorsolateral profile distinctly con- strongly raised. However, there are intermediates vex, not in same plane (Fig: 1). Clypeus distinctly in these character states, some less rugose and less separatedfrom face by a transverse groove, at apex striate, most not striate. projecting distinctly anteriorly, with apical margin Colour variation is extreme. Females are dark- convex, inflexed. Malar space elongate, m = 0.12 k er than males. The head and mesopleuron of most 0.008 mm (n = 90). Mandible with lower tooth females is black, or black, in part reddish, or red. slightly longer than upper. Antenna1 flagellum The face of most males is yellow, some with median with 28-42 articles, m = 36.3 * 3.14 (n = 270); that longitudinal black band, some with face almost of males with apical articles not expanded into a white and the mesopleuron of most males is mostly club. yellow. There is usually a correlation between co- Mesosoma. Notauli very indistinctly discern- lour of head and colour of mesopleuron, and meta- ible at base. Forewing with areolet slightly peti- soma1 terga. If one part is dark, or light, than the olate, lm-cu with ramus absent (Fig. 2). Hind wing other parts are also dark, or light. In general with cu-a slightly inclivous, intercepted by Cul at females with face black, black with red macula, red, or slightly below middle (Fig. 3). Propodeum with a few yellow; mesopleuron black, most red, some carinae complete, distinctly raised; area petiolaris black and red, black with red macula, a few red and area superomedia broad, area petiolaris much tinged yellow. In general males with face yellow, a broader than area superomedia (Fig. 4). few yellow tinged red, a few white; mesopleuron Metasoma. First metasomal tergum with shal- black with yellow macula, most yellow or yellow low median longitudinalimpression (Fig. 5), lateral tinged red, a few dorsally black or red, ventrally longitudinal carinae distinct from base to apex, white. Front and middle legs of northeastern spec- sharp. imens with coxae and trochanters yellow tinged Sculpture. Face with sculpticells slightly con- reddish, femora, tibiae, tarsi reddish-yellow. Hind vex, in 'daisy-like' pattern; punctures closely spaced. legs with coxae and femora reddish-brown; femora Clypeus entirely punctate, punctures not closely at apex dark reddish-brown; trochanters yellow spaced. Mesopleuron with sculpticells almost flat, tinged reddish; tibiae paler reddish-yellow, each at in distinct 'daisy-like' pattern; punctures less close- immediate base pale yellow, in apical third dark ly spaced. Propodeum with sculpticells distinctly reddish-brown; tarsi dark reddish-brown, each at convex, in distinct 'daisy-like' pattern; punctures immediate base pale yellow. Front and middle legs closely spaced. First and second metasomal terga of most individuals from further south with coxae Volume 11, No. 2, June, 1997, INSECTA MUNDI and trochanters slightly paler. Hind legs clarker Distribution: North America: Transcontinen- reddish-brown, trochanters and tarsal segments tal. each at base paler yellow tinged reddish. The mid- Specimens examined: 221 females, 194males. dle legs of a few inclivicluals from Michigan are Canada. Alberta: Wabamun, 4.VI1, 1 female reddish-yellow, the coxae and trochanters pale yel- (AEIC); Edmonton, lG.VI, 1 male (CNCI). British low tinged reddish; the hind legs dark reddish- Columbia: Cowichan Bay, Vancouver Island, 2.VI, brown, coxae and first t,rochanters pale red, second 2 females (CNCI); Fort Nelson, 13.VI, 1 female trochanters pale yellow, femora each at extreme (CNCI); I-Iixon, 11, 20.VI, VI, 3 females (CNCI); base, tibiae each at apex pale yellow, tarsal seg- Miracle Beach, near Oyster River, 11, 13.VI, 2 ments each at immediate base pale yellow. females (CNCI); Nelson, 11.V, 1 female (CNCI); Remarks. Davis (1898) did not include the Rayston, 7.V1, 1 female (CNCI); Robson, 25, 26, species 0. pleuralis uncler the genus Oetopllorus 27.IV, 29.V, 3 females, 2 males (CNCI); Salmon along .vvit,h 0. ~~asor~iand 0. stretchii, but instead Valley, emerged 12.11, ex Tenthredinidae, 1 female placed it as the first included species of the genus (CNCI); Sproat Lake, 22.VI, 1 female (CNCI); Taft, Syrnphobus. Burks (1952) placed the name 0. rLaso- emerged 23, 25.11, ex Pontania, 1 female, 1 male 11-i Davis in synonymy with the name 0. plercralis, (CNCI), emerged 12, 15.V, ex Nerrt,atrcs rr,ig.rivei~- but retained 0. stretcll.ii as a separat,e entity. He tris, 2 females (CNCI); Vancouver, 1 male (USNh4); described the female of 0. pleurcrlis as forewing Trinity Valley, 12.111, ex Arge ~ectoralis,1 male with stigma dark brown, yellow at base, ancl the (CNCI); Vernon, emerged 7.11, ex Pteroniclae sp., 1 male as face entirely yello\v. I-Ie described the male (CNCI). Manitoba: Ninette, 21.V, 1 male female of 0. slretcll.ii as forewing with stigma (CNCI); DuckMountain, Forest Research, emerged entirely yellowish-tan, ant1 the male as face yellow 17.11, ex Tenthredinid sp. from White poplar, 1 with median black stripe. female (CNCI). New Brunswick: I

29.V, lG.VI, I female, I male (CNCI); Smoky Falls, (AEIC); Ludlow, lO.VI, 1 female (CNCI). Michigan: Mattagami River, 19, 20, 22.VI, 4 females (CNCI); Agriculture College, 4.V1, 1 female, 1 male (USNM); Spencerville, Limerick Forest, 29.V, 2 females Ann Arbor, 21-23, 23, 25, 27, 28, 28-29, 30-31.V, 1, (CNCI); Stittsville, Carleton County, 21,22,27.V, 3 4, 5, 8.W) 6 females, 6 males (AEIC); Bay County, females, 2 males (CNCI); Sudbury, 15, 16,21,26.V, 2.V1, 1 female (AEIC); Big Star Lake, Lake County, 8.W, 3 females, 3 males (AEIC); Swastika, exNerr~- 4-7.VI, 1 female (AEIC); Charlevoix County, 31.V, atus populi, 1 female (CNCI). Quebec: Aylmer, 1female (AEIC); East Lansing, 24.V, 1.V1, 1 female, ll.VI, 1 female (CNCI); Gatineau, 19.VI, 1 female I male (AEIC); Gratiot County, 8.V, 1 male (USNM); (CNCI); Hull, 18.VI, 1 female (CNCI); Nominingue, Iron River, 8.VI1, 1 female (AEIC); Iron Count,y, V, 1 female (CNCI); Old Chelsea, Summit Icing Moun- 1 female (AEIC); Midland County, 15.V, 2, 5.M, 3 tain, 20.VI, 1 male (CNCI); Ste.-Foy, Universitk females (AEIC, USNM); Naubinway, G.VI, 2 fe- Laval, 26.W-2.VI1, 1 female (CNCI); Wright, lO.VI, males (AEIC); Newaygo Count,y, 20.VI, I female 1 female (CNCI). Saskatchewan: Attons Lake, Cut (AEIC); 5mi. NNewaygo, Newaygo County, 4-7.W, Iinife, 30.V, 4.W, 2 females (CNCI); Bapauma, 1 female (AEIC); Ontonagon County, 18.VI, 1 fe- emerged 3.111, ex Tenthretlinidsp., 1female (CNCI); male (AEIC); Saginaw County, 1.V1, 1 female Elbow, 2G.VI, 1 female (CNCI); Erwood, emerged (AEIC); Sault Ste. Marie, 5.VI, 2 females (AEIC). 12.11, ex Nerrraths ?popr~,Zi,1 female (CNCI); Great Minnesota: Aitkin County, 9.VI1, 1 female (UMIC); Sand Hills, \V. Swift Current,, 28.V, 1female (CNCI); Beaver Creek Valley State Park, Houston County, Waskesiu, 1 l.VI, 1 female (CNCI); Saskatchewan, 12.VI, 1 female (UMIC); Buffalo River State Park, no further data, 1 female (CNCI). Clay Count,y, 19, 26.VI, 4 males (UMIC); Camden Unitecl St,ates. Alabama: Muscle Shoals, 7-8.V, State Park, Lyon County, 17.VI, 1 female, 1 male 1 female (AEIC). Arizona: Marshall Gulch, Santa (UMIC); Glacial Lakes Stat,e Park, Pope County, Catalina Mountains, 2.10, 1 male (UAIC); Oak 12.10, 1 female (UMIC); Itasca County, 22-24.VI, 1 Creek Canyon, 13, 20.V, 1 female, 3 males (AEIC); female (UMIC); Itasca Park, 17.W, 1female (UMIC); Parker Creek, Sierra Ancha, 2,4, 5,7,9.V, 7 males Ramsey Count,y, SO.111, 1 male (UMIC). Nebraska: (AEIC); Workman Creek, Sierra Ancha, 6, 8.V, G Valentine Refuge, 7.VI, 1 female (AEIC). New Jer- males (AEIC). Arkansas: Lake Ouachita, 9-30.V, 1 sey: Moorestown, 2, 23, 30.YI, 4, 12.VI1, 5 females, male (CNCI); Mountain Pine, Lake Ouachita State 1 male (female collected 23.M with metasoma ab- Park, V, 1 male (CNCI). California: Alpine Creek, sent, metasoma of male glued to side of pin) (AEIC, Tahoe, 7.V, 1 female (USNM); Alt,amont, Alameda CNCI); New Jersey, no further clata, type of 0. County, 26.111 (UCRC); Applegate, 11.V, 1 male pleuralis (Cresson), 1 female (ANSP). New York: (AEIC); Cazadero, 31.111, 2 males (AEIC); CoIfax, Farmingdale, 2.VII,1 female, 1 male (AEIC, USNM); 20.V, 1 male (UCDC); Fish Canyon, 27.IV, 2 males It,haca, 27, 29.V, 2.VI, 2 females, 1 male (AEIC); (AEIC); Julian, 11,24,27.V,lomales (AEIC); Lake Long Island, New York, Babylon, lO.VI, 1 female Wohlforcl, 22.IV, 1 male (AEIC); San Geronimo, (USNM); Greenport, 2.IX, 1 male (USNM); River- Marin Count,y, 23.IV, 1female (USNM); Twin Peaks, head, 26.V, 18.VI, lG.VII1, 3 males (USNM). North San Francisco County, 20.V, 1 female (UCDC); Carolina: Highlands, 6, 23.V, 1 female, 1 male Ukiah, Mendocino County, 31.111, 2 females (CNCI). North Dakota: Fargo, l.VI, 1female (UMIC). (USNM); will it,^, 30.V, 1 female (UCDC); Califor- Oregon: Corvallis, 30.IV, 6, 7, 8,9, 11, 12, 18, 25.V, nia, no further dat,a, holotype of 0. stret,chii (Cres- 22 females, 7 males (AEIC); Hyatt Reservoir, 19,20, son), 1 female (ANSP). Colorado: Boulder, Flagstaff 22, 29.VI, 8 females, 20 males (AEIC); Lake-of-t,he- Count,y, 5100, 5500, 5800 ft,., 3 females (CNCI); Wootls, 23.VI, 1 female (AEIC); Ochoco Creek, 8, 11, Coloracto, no further data, 1 male (ANSP). Georgia: 14.VI1, 6 females, 10 males (AEIC); Pinehurst,, 21, Forsyt,h, 1-12, 14-22.IV, 21.IV-5.V, 18-23.V, 2 fe- 23, 29.VI, 2.Vl1, 6 females, 2 males (AEIC); Selma, males, 3 males (CNCI). Idaho: Lowman, 12.1rI, 2 13, 14, 20, 21, 27, 28, 29.V, 8 females, 8 males females (AEIC); Valentine Refiige, 5, 7.V1, 1 fe- (mIC). Pennsylvania: Bald Eagle State Park, 29.V, male, 8 males (MIC). Illinois: .4lgonquin, type of 0. 13.V1, 3 females (AEIC); I--Iockt,on Mills, 8.VI1, 1 lt,nsolt,iDavis, 1 female (ANSP). Iowa: County num- female (USNM); Philadelphia, 2 l.VII, 1 female ber 88, l$.IV, 1 male (CNCI). Iiansas: Douglas (BMNH); Spring Branch, 12.V, 2 males (AEIC). County, 24.IV, 1 male (SEMC). Icentucky: Golden South Carolina: Cleveland, 5, 7, 10, 17, 18, 22, 25, Ponci, V, 26.V-10.M, VI, 3 females (AEIC). Mary- 28.V, 8 females, 2 males (AEIC). Virginia: Falls land: Takoma Park, 28.V, l.VI1, 1 female, 1 male Church, 13.V1, 1 male (USNM); Harpers Ferry, (AEIC). Massachusetts: South Hadley, 25.V, 1 male 14.V, 1 female (CNCI); Rosslyn, 1 female (USNM). 122 Volume 11, No. 2, June, 1997, INSECTA MUNDI

Washington: Bingen, 8,9.V, 2 females, I male Colour. Female. Body mostly reddish-yellow. (AEIC); Spokane, 20.V, 1 female, 2 males (UMIC); Head black; face, genae dark reddish-yellow; Washougal, 10.V, 1 female (AEIC). Wisconsin: Gib- clypeus, mandibles, palpi paler; antennae reddish- son Lake, Polk Count,y, 7.VII1, 1 female (USNM). yellow. Mesosoma mostly reddish-yellow; notum at each side and at anterior margin medially with Oetophorus obscurus Barron, new species small black macula. Legs light reddish-yellow; tro- (Figures 6- 10) chanters paler; femora each at immediate apex, tibiae each at immediate base pale yellow. Propo- Diagnostic characters. Face and clypeus in deum reddish-yellow tinged black. First metasomal dorsolateral profile convex, not in same plane (Fig. tergum dark reddish-yellow, at apex paler reddish- 6). Propodeum with carinae incomplete, slightly yellow; apical terga reddish-yellow, paler than first raised; basal t,ransverse carina absent or at sides tergum. Male. Males differ from females by the scarcely discernible; area superomedia and area face, genae, inner orbits, mandibles, palpi pale basalis confluent, narrow (Fig. 9). First and second yellow, except mandibles each at apex dark red- metasomal t,erga with sculpticells strongly convex. dish-brown. Face of females dark reddish-yellow, vertex black; Variation. Some females with facial orbits face of males yellow, vertex black. black, mesonoturn each side without black macula. Description. Aclult female, male. Heacl. Face Some without median black macula at anterior and clypeus in clorsolateral profile convex, not in margin of metasoma. One female from Ann Arbor, same plane (Fig. 6). Clypeus distinctly separated Michigan, mostly dark redclish-yellow, except ver- from face by a transverse groove, at apex projecting tex black, propodeum at sides in part tinged black, distinctly anteriorly, with apical margin convex, metasomal terga reddish-yellow. One female from inflexecl. Malar space elongate, m =O. 11* 0.008 mm McClellenville, South Carolina, mostly dark recl- (n = 33). Mandible wit,h lower tooth slightly longer dish-yellow; head reddish-yellow, except vertex and than up1)er. Antenna1 flagellum with 30-34 arti- temple black; mesoscutum, propodeum, and meta- cles, m = 31.9 ~t:1.08 (n = 31); that of males with soma1 terga dark reddish-yellow. Some males with apical articles not expanded into a club. mesopleuron at dorsal margin with black macula. Mesosoma. Notauli not evident. Forewing with Some males with propodeum dorsally mostly black areolet slightly petiolate, lm-cu with ramus absent instead of mostly dark reddish-yellow. (Fig. 7). Hind wing with cu-a slightly inclivous, Remarks. The specific epithet, obscurus, re- intercepted by Cul slightly below middle (Fig. 8). fers to the propodeal carinae which are less distinct Propodeum with carinae incomplete, slightly raised; and reduced. basal transverse carina absent or at sides scarcely Hosts. Not known. discernible; area supcromcclia and area basalis Distribution. Eastern United States: New confluent,, narrow, area superomeclia very narrow Jersey, htichigan, South Carolina. (Fig. 9). Specimens examined: 12 females, 21 males. Metasonla. First tergum without distinct me- Type material. Holotype, adult female, High dian longitudinal impression from base to near Point State Park, New Jersey, 31.V. 1973, R. Rear- apex; lateral longitudinal carinae distinct from don (AEIC). Paratypes: United States. Michigan: base to apex, sharp (Fig. 10). Ann Arbor, H.&M. Townes, l.VI, 1 female (AEIC). Sculpture. Face with sculpticells slightly con- New Jersey: High Point State Park, 7,14,22,25,30, vex, in 'daisy-like' pattern; punctures not closely 31.V) R. Rearclon, 9 females, 21 males (AEIC). I spaced. Clypeus entirely punctate, puntures not South Carolina: McClellanville, G.V, Malaise trap, i closely spaced. Mesopleuron with sculpticellsslight- 1 female (AEIC). I ly convex, in 'daisy-like' pattern; punctures closely I spaced. Pro~odeumwith scuplticells more strongly Oetophorr~sclavatus Barron, new species convex, in distinct 'daisy-like' pattern; punctures (Figures 1 1-17) E closely spaced. First and second metasomal terga with sculp ticells strongly convex, in distinct 'daisy- Diagnostic characters. Face and clypeus in like' pat*tern; first tergum with sculpticells more dorsolateral profile slightly convex, not in same strongly convex than those of second and third plane (Fig. 11). Antennae of males with apical G terga, and punctures more closely spaced. First flagellar articles expanded transversely into a dis- tergum part,icularly, second, and third rugose. tinct club (Fig. 12), ancl club darker, contrasting in INSECTA MUNDI, Vol. 11, No. 2, June, 1997 colour from basal articles. Progodeum with carinae sopleuron at dorsoanterior corner pale yellow, at complete, slightly raised, except area basalis at anterior margin black. Legs reddish-yellow. Fore base not defined (Fig. 15). First and second meta- and middle legs with coxae and trochanters pale somal terga with scu1~)ticellsstrongly convex. Face yellow, tarsal segments each at immediate base of females reddish-yellow, at middle with black pale yellow. Hind legs reddish-yellow, second tro- macula, vertex black; face of males white, vertex chanterspale yellow; tibiae each at immediate apex black. dark reddish-brown; tarsi black, each segment at Description. Adult female, male. Head. Face base pale yellow. Propocleum reddish-brown, at and clypeus in dorsolateral profile slightly convex, base black tinged reddish. Metasomal terga black not in same plane (Fig. 11). Clypeus separatedfrorn tinged reddish, each tergum at immediate apex face by ashallow transverse groove, at apex project- pale reddish-yellow. Male. Head black, in large ing moderately anteriorly, with apical margin con- part white; mesosoma mostly reddish-brown; meta- vex, inflexed (Fig. I I). Malar space elongate, m = somal terga mostly black. Head black; face, inner 0.09%0.014 mm (n = 26). Mandible with lower tooth orbits, genae, clypeus, mandibles, palpi white, slightly longer than upper. Antenna1 flagellum mandibles each at apex dark reddish-brown. An- with 33-37 articles, m = 35.5 % 1.34 (n = 18); apical tennae redclish-yellow, on ventral side paler; scape G flagellar articles of males expanded transversely and ~edicelon dorsal side black, on ventral side into a clistinctclub (Fig. 12), club darker, contrast- white; flagellum with apical articles paler reddish- ing in colour from basal articles. yellow, articles 15, IG dark reddish-brown, apical G Mesosoma. Notauli evident at immediate base, articles forming club black. hlesosoma reddish- distinctly iml~ressed.Forewing with areolet slight- brown; pleuron, notum pale yellow; notum in ven- ly petiolate; Im-cu with ramus distinct (Fig. 13). tral part white, at dorsoanterior margin with black Hind wing with cu-a slightly inclivous, intercepted macula. Mesopleuron at anterior margin, dorsoan- by Cu1 at or slightly below middle (Fig. 14). Propo- terior corner white, in ventral part with longit,udi- deum wit,h carinae complete, slightly raised, except nal white band, at clorsalmargin with median black area basalis at base not defined; areapetiolaris and macula. Scutellum reddish-yellow. Legs reddish- area superomedia broad, area petiolaris broader yellow. Fore and micldle legs with coxae and t,ro- than area superomedia (Fig. 15). chanters white; tarsal segments each at immediate Metasoma. First metasomal t,ergum without base white. Hind legs with second trochanters median longituclinal impression; lateral longitudi- mostly paler yellow; tibiae each in apical half dark- nal carinae distinct from base to apex, sharp (Fig. er reddish-brown; tarsal segments each at immedi- 16). ate base very pale yellow. Prol)odeum black, at Sculpture. Face with sculpticells distinct, sides mostly reddish-brown. Met,asomal terga black slightly convex, in 'daisy -like' pattern; punctures t,inged reddish; each tergum at immediate apex closely spaced. Clyl~eusent,irely punctate, punc- pale reddish-yellow. tures not closely spaced. Mesopleuron and propo- Variation. Three females with inner orbits deum smoot,h, without microsculpture; punctures black, except small reddish-brown macula between fine, slightly impressed, not, closely spaced. First compound eye antl antenna1 socket. A few speci- andsecond metasomal terga wit.h scull) ticells slight- mens with ramus on Im-cu offorewing indistinct or ly convex, in 'daisy-like' pattern, punctures closely absent. spaced. Third metasomal t,ergum with sculpticells Remarks. The specific epithet, clnvcrtus, re- flat,, in 'daisy-like' pattern; punctures not closely fers to the al~icalarticles of the antennae of males spaced. which form a club. This seems t,o represent the only Colour. Female. Head antl metasomal terga Nearctic species where the ramus of lm-cu of [be most,ly black, mesosoma mostly recldish-brown. forewing of most individuals is present,. Headblack; face recldish-yello~v,with median black Hosts. Not known. macula, at middle with small reddish-yellow mac- Distribution. Southwestern United States: ula, genae yellow Clypeus at base reddish-yellow, Arizona, Oregon, California. at apex black. Mandibles, palpi pale yellow, mancli- Specimens examined: 5 females, 21 males. bles each at apex dark reddish-brown. Antennae Type material. Ilolotype, adult male, 8 mi. W. reddish-brown, scape at apex paler reddish-yellow. Winters, Solano County, California, 14.111.1964, Mesosoma reddish-brown. Notum at ventral mar- F.D. Parker (UCDC). Paratypes: United States. gin pale yellow, at middle with black macula. Me- Arizona: Parker Creek, Sierra Ancha County, 20, 124 Volume 11. No. 2. June. 1997. INSECTA MUNDI

29.IV. 1947, I-l.&M. Townes, 1female, 1 male (AEIC). basalis at base not defined; area petiolaris slightly California: Carrville, Trinity County, 2400-2500 broader than area superomedia; area superomedia ft., 2.V. 1934, 1 female (MIC); Gates Canyon, Sol- elongate, narrow (Fig. 21). ano County, 20.111.1977, J.B. Johnson, 1 male Metasoma. First tergum without median lon- (MSUC); N of Leggett, 17.V. 1978, H.&M. Townes, gitudinal impression; lateral longitudinal carinae 1 male (AEIC); Menifee Valley, Riverside County, distinct from base to apex, sharp (Fig. 22). 33" 39' N, 117" 13' W, 1800 ft., 24.11.1983, J.D. Sculpture. Face with sculpticells strongly con- Pinto, 1 male (UCRC); Mount Diablo, 3.V. 1936, 1 vex, in disti~lct'daisy-like' pattern; punctures closely male (AEIC); Mount Home Canyon, 13.V.1947, spaced. ClyI>eus entirely punctate, punctures not A.L. Melander, 1 male (UCRC); Palomar Mountain, closely spaced. Mesopleuron with sculp ticells strong- 5000 ft., 26.V. 1974, H.&M. Townes, 1 female, 1 ly convex, in distinct 'daisy-like' pattern; punctures male (AEIC); Potrero, San Diego County, 15, dense. Propodeum, first and second metasomal 17.IV. 1974, H.&M. Townes, 1female, 1 male (AEIC); terga with sculpticells distinctly convex, in distinct Strawberry, 28.VI. 1948, H.M.G.&D. Townes, 1 fe- 'daisy-like' pattern; punctures dense. Thircl meta- male (AEIC); 8 mi. W. Winters, Solano County, soma1 tergum with sculpticells slightly convex, in 14.111.1964, E.J. Montgommery, F.D. Parker, 7 'daisy-Like' pattern; punctures less closely spaced. males (UCDC). Oregon: Corvallis, 30.IV. 1976, First and second metasomal terga appearing rug- 8.V.1978, I-I.&M. Townes, 3 males (AEIC); Selma, ose. 20.V.1978, H.&M. Townes, 2 males (AEIC). Colour. Body black. Face and clypeus yellow tinged reddish; face at middle with distinct, con- Oetoph,orr~smaculatr~s Barron, new species trasting black triangular macula. Mesonotum each (Figures 18-22) side wit,h yellow band. Legs light recldish-yellow, first trocharlters each at apex, second entirely paler Diagnostic characters. Face and clypeus in yellow. Hind coxae each at apex reddish-yellow. dorsolateral profile flat, in same plane (Fig. 18). Second metasomal tergum at sides reddish -yellow, Mandible with lower tooth much longer than up- third at base reddish-yellow, apical terga reddish- per. Hincl wing with cu-a intercepted by Cul far yellow tinged black. below micldle (Fig. 20). Hincl legs with second tro- Remarks. The specific epithet, ~riac~latns,re- chanters on ventral surface flat, lateral margins fers to the black macula of the face. sharp. Propodeum with ccainae complete, slightly Hosts. Not known. raised, except area basalis at base not defined (Fig. Distribution. California. 21). First and second metasomal terga with sculp- Specimens examined: 2 females, 5 males. ticells strongly convex. Face of females and males Type material. Holotype, adult female, Baldy reddish-yellow, each at middle with small black Mesa Road, 7 mi. E. Phelan, San Bernartlino Coun- triangular macula, vertex black. ty, California, 3 1.111-8.IV.1981, pan trap, J. 1-Iuber Description. Adult female, male. Head. Face (UCRC). Parat,ypes: United States. California: Baldy in dorsolateral profile flat, clypeus in same plane as Mesa Road, 7 mi. E. Phelan, San Bernardino Coun- face. Clypeus slightly convex, raised from face but ty, California, 13-14.111, 13-24.111, 31.111-8.IV, 9- not separated from face by a groove, at apex not 13.IV, all 1981, pan trap, J. Huber, 4males (UCRC); projecting anteriorly, wit,h apical margin convex, Laguna Mountain, GOO0 ft., 25.V1.1974, H. &M. inflexed (Fig. 18). Malar space short, m = 0.06 k Townes, 1 male (AEIC); Potrero, San Diego County, 0.006 mm (n = 7). Mandible with lower tooth much California, 13.IV. 1974, H.& M. Townes, 1 female longer than upper. Antenna1 flagellum elongate, (AEIC). slender, with 35-36 articles, m = 35.5 h 0.71 (n = 2); that of males with apical articles not expandedinto Relationships a club. Mesosoma. Notauli not evident. Forewingwith Autapomorphies that define the genus Oeto- areolet slightly ~et~iolate,lm-cu with ramus absent ~JLO~ILSare: the parameres each on the inner side (Fig. 19). Hind wing with CU-avery slightly in- with'spine-like' seta, the aedeagus at apex strongly clivous, intercepted by Cu 1 far below middle (Fig. curved and in the form of an obliclue, flat disc (not 20). Hind legs with second trochanters on ventral seen elsewhere in the Perilissini), and the tarsal surface flat, lateral margins sharp. Propodeum claws are strongly pectinate. Members of the with carinae complete, slightly raised, except area genera OetopIlorus and Latl~rolestesshare the apo- INSECTA MUNDI, Vol. 11, No. 2, June, 1997 morphic character stfate: aetleagus at apex curved. ships. The constructive review of the text by Gary The genus Perilissus was characterized by Barron Gibson ancl Michael Schwartz (CPP) is gratefully (1992, 1994a) on the apomorphic character states: appreciated. Joanne McWilliams (CPP) assisted in tarsal claws sparsely ant1 finely pectinate, andhind preparation of the first copy of the manuscript and wing with cu-a interceytecl by Cu 1 at or above the made the editorial corrections for the final copy. middle. The tarsal claws of individuals of 0etoph.o- rus are distinctly pect,inate ancl cu-a is intercepted References by Cul below the middle, not above the middle as Allen, R. T., and G.E. Ball. 1980. Synopsis of Mexican taxa of the Loxnr~drrisseries (Coleoptera: Carabidae: noted by Townes (1970). Pterostichini). Transactions of the American Ento- The earliest lineage within the genus Oetopho- mological Society 105: 481-575. rus is represented by 0. pleumlis. Indivicluals Barron, J. R. 1992. The Nearctic species of Perilissus share with some ot,her genera within the Perilissini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae). the following plesiomorphic states: the face in dor- The Canadian Entomologist 124: 21 1-272. solateral profile is conves, the lower tooth of the Barron, J. R. 1994a. A new species of the Perilissr~s mandible is only slightly larger tillan the upper, the ar~atit~lisspecies group and notes on the relation- antennae are not modified, the second trochanter of ships ofthe species groups ofPeriliss~~s(Hymenoptera, the hind legs is not modified, the clypeus is entirely Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae). The Canadian Entomologist 126: 219-224. punctate, the propodeal carinae are complete, ancl Barron, J. R. 199413. The Nearctic species of Latl~rolestes the tergum has median longitudinal impres- first a (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae). sion or groove. Inclividuals of 0. obscurrcs share Contributions of t,he American Ent~omologicnlInsti- with those of 0. rrrcrculatns and 0. clavatus the tute (Gainesville) 28 (3): 1-135. synapomorphies: propodeum with carinae reduced Burks,B. D. 1952. Areview of the Nearctic generaofthe and first metasomal tergum without longitudinal tribe with clescriptions of two new genera impression. The remaining two species, 0. rriaculrc- and a revision of the Nearctic species of Perilissris ancl trcs and 0. claual,rcs, share only t,he synapomorphy: Lnbrossytn (Hymenoptera-Ichneumonidae). Annals face in dorsolat,eral profile slightsly convex or flat,. of the Entomological Society of America 45: 94-103. Cresson, E. T. 1864. Descriptions of North American Mymenoptera in the collection of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia. Proceedings of the Entonlo- logical Society of Philadelphia 3: 257-321. In(1ividuals of t,he following institut,ions kindly Cresson, E. T. 1878. Descriptions of Ichneumonidae, provided mat,erial (abbreviations given in paren- chiefly from the Pacificslope of the United States ancl theses are those used in t,he text): Donald Azuma, British North America. Proceedings of the Academy The Acaclem y of Na taral Sciences of Philadelphia, of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, pp. 348-38 1. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (ANSP); Robert W. Davis, G. C. 1898. A review of the ichneumonid subfam- Brooks, Snow Entomological Museum, University ily . Transactionsof the American Ent,o- of Icansas, Lawrence, Kansas (SEMC); Philip J. nlological Society 24: 193-348 (1897). Clausen, Universily of Minnesota, St. Paul, Min- Foerster, A. 1869. Synopsis der Familien und Gattun- nestoa (UMIC); Roland L. Fischer, Michigan State gen der Ichneumoniden. Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Preussischen Rhein- Universit,~,East Lansing, Michigan (MSUC); John lande uncl Westfalens 25: 135-221 (1868). Herat,y,formerly atSmithsonian Institution, Wash- Holmgren, A. E. 1856. Forsoktill uppstalning och- ington, D.C. (USNM); David G. Notton, The Natu- beskrifning af de i SverigefaunnaTryphonides. Sven- ral History Museum, London, England (BMNH); skavetensk. Acad. Handl. 75. 1, 1855, 1,pp. 93-246; Carl A. Olson, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ari- 1, 1856, 2, pp. 305-394. zona (UAIC); Robert 0.Schuster, University of Kasparyan, D. R. 1981. A guide to t,he of the California, Davis QJCDC); Serguei V. Triapit,syn, European part of the USSR. Hymenoptera, Ichneu- University of California, Riverside (UCRC); David monidae. 11 Ctenopelmatinae. 12 Phrudinae. 13 Wahl, American Entomological Institute, Gaines- Tersilochinae. 14 Cremastinae. 15 Campopleginae. 16 Ophioninae. (in Russian). Opredeliteli Faune ville, Florida (AEIC). Barry Flahey and Susan SSSR. 3 (3): 316-431. Rigby, both Crop Protect,ion Program (CPP), drew Townes, H. I<. 1939. The correct generic position and the final figures. Judit,h McCart,hy, Design and synonymy of S~II~~~LO~ILSpleurnlis (Cresson) and of Graphics Services, arranged the tlra~vingson plates. Plectiscuspler~rnlisProvancher (Hymenoptera: Ich- Henri Goulet (CPP) provitletl helpful suggestions ~~eun~o~~idae).The Canadian Entomologist 71: 96. on improvement of interpretation of the relation- 126 Volume 11, No. 2, June, 1997, INSECTA MUNDI

Townes, H. K. 1945. A catalogue ancl reclassification of the Nearctic Ichneunlonitlae (Hymenoptera). Part 11. The subfanlilies Mesoleiinae, Plectiscinae, Ortho- centrinae, Diplazontinae, Metopiinae, Ophioninae, Mesochorinae. Memoirs of the American Entomolog- ical Society 1 l(2): 478-925. Townes, H. I<. 1970. The genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 3. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute (Ann Arbor) 36 (1969). Townes, H. I<., and M. C. Townes. 1951. Family Ichneumonidae, pp. 184-409. Ir~Muesebeck,C. F. W., I<. V. I

/------area basalis

area peromedia

I 4 area petiolaris

Figures 1-5. Oct~o~~Iroru~pleurcrlis:1, face and clypeus, dorsolateral view; 2, forewing, in part; 3, hind wing, in part; 4, propodeum, dorsal view; 5, first tergum, dorsolateral view.

Figicres 6-10. Oetoplrorus obscrrrrrs: 6, face and clypeus, dorsolateral view; 7, forewing, in part; 8, hind wing, in part; 9 propodeurn, dorsal view; 10, first tergum, tlorsolateral view. 128 Volurne 11, No. 2, June, 1997, INSECTA MUNDI

Figures 11-17. Oetophorus cluvctlrrs: 11, face and clypeus, dorsolateral view; 12, antenna, apical articles; 13, forewing, in part; 14, hind wing, in part; 15, propotleum, dorsal view; 16, first tergun, dorsolateral view; 17, parameres and aedeagus, ventral view.

Figures 18-22. Oeloplcorc~stnncc~lutr~s: 18, face and clypeus, dorsolateral view; 19, forewing, in part; 20, hind wing, in part; 21, propotleum, dorsal view; 22, first tergum, dorsolateral view.