Psychedelic Substance Use in the Reddit Psychonaut Community. a Qualitative Study on Motives and Modalities
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From Sacred Plants to Psychotherapy
From Sacred Plants to Psychotherapy: The History and Re-Emergence of Psychedelics in Medicine By Dr. Ben Sessa ‘The rejection of any source of evidence is always treason to that ultimate rationalism which urges forward science and philosophy alike’ - Alfred North Whitehead Introduction: What exactly is it that fascinates people about the psychedelic drugs? And how can we best define them? 1. Most psychiatrists will define psychedelics as those drugs that cause an acute confusional state. They bring about profound alterations in consciousness and may induce perceptual distortions as part of an organic psychosis. 2. Another definition for these substances may come from the cross-cultural dimension. In this context psychedelic drugs may be recognised as ceremonial religious tools, used by some non-Western cultures in order to communicate with the spiritual world. 3. For many lay people the psychedelic drugs are little more than illegal and dangerous drugs of abuse – addictive compounds, not to be distinguished from cocaine and heroin, which are only understood to be destructive - the cause of an individual, if not society’s, destruction. 4. But two final definitions for psychedelic drugs – and those that I would like the reader to have considered by the end of this article – is that the class of drugs defined as psychedelic, can be: a) Useful and safe medical treatments. Tools that as adjuncts to psychotherapy can be used to alleviate the symptoms and course of many mental illnesses, and 1 b) Vital research tools with which to better our understanding of the brain and the nature of consciousness. Classifying psychedelic drugs: 1,2 The drugs that are often described as the ‘classical’ psychedelics include LSD-25 (Lysergic Diethylamide), Mescaline (3,4,5- trimethoxyphenylathylamine), Psilocybin (4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) and DMT (dimethyltryptamine). -
Soma and Haoma: Ayahuasca Analogues from the Late Bronze Age
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Journal of Psychedelic Studies 3(2), pp. 104–116 (2019) DOI: 10.1556/2054.2019.013 First published online July 25, 2019 Soma and Haoma: Ayahuasca analogues from the Late Bronze Age MATTHEW CLARK* School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), Department of Languages, Cultures and Linguistics, University of London, London, UK (Received: October 19, 2018; accepted: March 14, 2019) In this article, the origins of the cult of the ritual drink known as soma/haoma are explored. Various shortcomings of the main botanical candidates that have so far been proposed for this so-called “nectar of immortality” are assessed. Attention is brought to a variety of plants identified as soma/haoma in ancient Asian literature. Some of these plants are included in complex formulas and are sources of dimethyl tryptamine, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and other psychedelic substances. It is suggested that through trial and error the same kinds of formulas that are used to make ayahuasca in South America were developed in antiquity in Central Asia and that the knowledge of the psychoactive properties of certain plants spreads through migrants from Central Asia to Persia and India. This article summarizes the main arguments for the botanical identity of soma/haoma, which is presented in my book, The Tawny One: Soma, Haoma and Ayahuasca (Muswell Hill Press, London/New York). However, in this article, all the topics dealt with in that publication, such as the possible ingredients of the potion used in Greek mystery rites, an extensive discussion of cannabis, or criteria that we might use to demarcate non-ordinary states of consciousness, have not been elaborated. -
Psilocybin Mushrooms Fact Sheet
Psilocybin Mushrooms Fact Sheet January 2017 What are psilocybin, or “magic,” mushrooms? For the next two decades thousands of doses of psilocybin were administered in clinical experiments. Psilocybin is the main ingredient found in several types Psychiatrists, scientists and mental health of psychoactive mushrooms, making it perhaps the professionals considered psychedelics like psilocybin i best-known naturally-occurring psychedelic drug. to be promising treatments as an aid to therapy for a Although psilocybin is considered active at doses broad range of psychiatric diagnoses, including around 3-4 mg, a common dose used in clinical alcoholism, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, ii,iii,iv research settings ranges from 14-30 mg. Its obsessive-compulsive disorder, and depression.xiii effects on the brain are attributed to its active Many more people were also introduced to psilocybin metabolite, psilocin. Psilocybin is most commonly mushrooms and other psychedelics as part of various found in wild or homegrown mushrooms and sold religious or spiritual practices, for mental and either fresh or dried. The most popular species of emotional exploration, or to enhance wellness and psilocybin mushrooms is Psilocybe cubensis, which is creativity.xiv usually taken orally either by eating dried caps and stems or steeped in hot water and drunk as a tea, with Despite this long history and ongoing research into its v a common dose around 1-2.5 grams. therapeutic and medical benefits,xv since 1970 psilocybin and psilocin have been listed in Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act, the most heavily Scientists and mental health professionals criminalized category for drugs considered to have a consider psychedelics like psilocybin to be “high potential for abuse” and no currently accepted promising treatments as an aid to therapy for a medical use – though when it comes to psilocybin broad range of psychiatric diagnoses. -
Den Zauberpilze-Trip Bald Auf Rezept?
FrequentlyAskedQuestions Forschung –––Gibt es sagt Watts.DaPsilocybininGroßbritannien noch in der Kategorie„Schedule One“ geführt wird undsozu denZauberpilze-Trip gefährlichenillegalen Drogen wieKokainund Heroin 2 zählt, gestaltetsichdie Erforschungschwierig.Doch nichtnur Forscher hoffenauf eine Entwicklungwie bald aufRezept? beiCannabis,was in immermehrLändernals Medizi- nalhanfvon bestimmten Patienten konsumiert werden darf –wie etwa in Deutschlandund England,was vor wenigenJahrennochundenkbar schien.Inden Verei- Text nigten Staaten istCannabisbereitsBig Business,und anne philippi Seitdemman weiß, dass sich Apple-Mitgründer Steve der Marktfür psychedelische Pilze wird in Kalifornien, Jobs einstauchvon LSDinspirieren ließ unddassdas dasimmer schoneineVorreiterrollehatte,als dernächste SiliconValleydie sogenannten „Nootropics“,also„smart großePost-Cannabis-Markt angesehen. Investoren vor drugs“, zurVerbesserung vonKreativität wiederentdeckt allemaus der Bio-Techwelt stehen bereit, entsprechende hat, kehrtauchdas Interessen an LSDund Psilocybin Studienzufinanzieren. Solche,die zu einerschnelle- zurück,das in psychoaktivenPilzenenthalten ist, die renLegalisierung der Stoffeineinem therapeutischen auchals Zauberpilze, MagicMushrooms oder halluzino- Rahmen beitragenkönnten.SohabenGroßinvestor gene Pilze bekannt sind.Zunehmend aber werden diese Peter Thiel undChristian Angermayer Geld in das Substanzenauchals Heilmittel gegenDepressionund Start-up CompassPathwaysgesteckt, welchesPsilocybin Angstzuständeerforscht.Kürzlichersthat dasImperial -
Near the Himalayas, from Kashmir to Sikkim, at Altitudes the Catholic Inquisition, and the Traditional Use of These of up to 2700 Meters
Year of edition: 2018 Authors of the text: Marc Aixalà & José Carlos Bouso Edition: Alex Verdaguer | Genís Oña | Kiko Castellanos Illustrations: Alba Teixidor EU Project: New Approaches in Harm Reduction Policies and Practices (NAHRPP) Special thanks to collaborators Alejandro Ponce (in Peyote report) and Eduardo Carchedi (in Kambó report). TECHNICAL REPORT ON PSYCHOACTIVE ETHNOBOTANICALS Volumes I - II - III ICEERS International Center for Ethnobotanical Education Research and Service INDEX SALVIA DIVINORUM 7 AMANITA MUSCARIA 13 DATURA STRAMONIUM 19 KRATOM 23 PEYOTE 29 BUFO ALVARIUS 37 PSILOCYBIN MUSHROOMS 43 IPOMOEA VIOLACEA 51 AYAHUASCA 57 IBOGA 67 KAMBÓ 73 SAN PEDRO 79 6 SALVIA DIVINORUM SALVIA DIVINORUM The effects of the Hierba Pastora have been used by Mazatec Indians since ancient times to treat diseases and for divinatory purposes. The psychoactive compound Salvia divinorum contains, Salvinorin A, is the most potent naturally occurring psychoactive substance known. BASIC INFO Ska Pastora has been used in divination and healing Salvia divinorum is a perennial plant native to the Maza- rituals, similar to psilocybin mushrooms. Maria Sabina tec areas of the Sierra Madre Oriental Mountains of Mexi- told Wasson and Hofmann (the discoverers of its Mazatec co. Its habitat is tropical forests, where it grows between usage) that Salvia divinorum was used in times when the- 300 and 800 meters above sea level. It belongs to the re was a shortage of mushrooms. Some sources that have Lamiaceae family, and is mainly reproduced by cuttings done later feldwork point out that the use of S. divinorum since it rarely produces seeds. may be more widespread than originally believed, even in times when mushrooms were abundant. -
Microgram Journal, Vol 2, Number 1
Washington, D. C. Office of Science and Education Vol.II,No.1 Division of Laboratory Operations January 1969 INDEXISSUE CORRECTION 11 "Structure Elucidation of 'LBJ' , by Sander W. Bellman, John W. Turczan, James Heagy and Ted M. Hopes, Micro Gram .!., 3, 6-13 (Dec. 1968) Page 7, third and fourth sentences under Discussion: Change to read: "The melting point of the acid moiety found in step (g) was 148-150°c., compared to the litera ture, v~lue of 151°c for the melting point of benzilic acid (2); thus the benzilic acid melting point gives support to the proposed structure for 'LBJ'. Spectral evidence also supports the proposed structure". MICRO-GRAMREVISION Please re-number the pages of your copies of Micro-Gram, Volume I. Re-number pages bearing printing only. Vol ume I will then be numbered from page 1, the front page of issue No. 1, through page 189 the last page of issue No. 12. To help with this task, pages contained within each issue are as follows: Issue Number Page Through 1 1 8 2 9 29 3 30 32 4 33 66 5 67 79 6 80 97 7 98 120 8 121 128 9 129 136 10 137 157 11 158 170 12 171 189 CAUTION: Use of this publication should be restricted to forensic analysts or others having a legitimate need for this material. From the Archive Library of Erowid Center http://erowid.org/library/periodicals/microgram -2- CANNABIS ,·,-...__/' Attached is a copy of 11A Short Rapid Method for the Identification of Cannabis." The method was developed by Mro H.D. -
Vít Pokorný Psychonauticon
Vít Pokorný Psychonauticon LIBRI NIGRI 71 Edited by Hans Rainer Sepp Editorial Board Suzi Adams ∙ Adelaide │ Babette Babich ∙ New York │ Kimberly Baltzer-Jaray ∙ Waterloo, Ontario │ Damir Barbarić ∙ Zagreb │ Marcus Brainard ∙ London │ Martin Cajthaml ∙ Olomouc │ Mauro Carbone ∙ Lyon │ Chan Fai Cheung ∙ Hong Kong │ Cristian Ciocan ∙ Bucure şti │ Ion Copoeru ∙ Cluj-Napoca │ Renato Cristin ∙ Trieste │ Riccardo Dottori ∙ Roma │ Eddo Evink ∙ Groningen │ Matthias Flatscher ∙ Wien │ Dimitri Ginev ∙ Sofia │ Jean-Christophe Goddard ∙ Toulouse │ Andrzej Gniazdowski ∙ Warszawa │ Ludger Hagedorn ∙ Wien │ Terri J. Hennings ∙ Freiburg │ Seongha Hong ∙ Jeollabukdo │ Edmundo Johnson ∙ Santiago de Chile │ René Kaufmann ∙ Dresden │ Vakhtang Kebuladze ∙ Kyjiw │ Dean Komel ∙ Ljubljana │ Pavlos Kontos ∙ Patras │ Kwok-ying Lau ∙ Hong Kong │ Mette Lebech ∙ Maynooth │ Nam-In Lee ∙ Seoul │ Monika Małek ∙ Wrocław │ Balázs Mezei ∙ Budapest │ Viktor Molchanov ∙ Moskwa │ Liangkang Ni ∙ Guanghzou │ Cathrin Nielsen ∙ Frankfurt am Main │ Ashraf Noor ∙ Jerusalem │ Ka rel Novotný ∙ Praha │ Luis Román Rabanaque ∙ Buenos Aires │ Gian Maria Raimondi ∙ Pisa │ Rosemary Rizo-Patrón de Lerner ∙ Lima │ Kiyoshi Sakai ∙ Tokyo │ Javier San Martín ∙ Madrid │ Alexander Schnell ∙ Paris │ Marcia Schuback ∙ Stockholm │ Agustín Serrano de Haro ∙ Madrid │ Tatiana Shchyttsova ∙ Vilnius │ Olga Shparaga ∙ Minsk │ Michael Staudigl ∙ Wien │ Georg Stenger ∙ Wien │ Silvia Stoller ∙ Wien │ Ananta Sukla ∙ Cuttack │ Toru Tani ∙ Kyoto │ Detlef Thiel ∙ Wiesbaden │ Ľubica Učník ∙ Perth │ Pol Vandevelde -
Neural and Subjective Effects of Inhaled DMT in Natural Settings
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.19.258145; this version posted August 20, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Neural and subjective effects of inhaled DMT in natural settings Carla Pallavicini1,2 *, Federico Cavanna1,2, Federico Zamberlan1, Laura Alethia de la Fuente1, Mauricio Arias3, Celeste Romero4, Robin Carhart-Harris5, Christopher Timmermann5, Enzo Tagliazucchi1 * 1Departamento de Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA – CONICET), Pabellón I, Ciudad Universitaria (1428), CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina 2Fundación para la lucha contra las enfermedades neurológicas de la infancia (FLENI), Montañeses 2325, C1428 CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina 3Hospital General de Agudos Donación Francisco Santojanni, Pilar 950, C1408INH CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina 4Centro de Estudios de la Cultura Cannábica (CECCa), Humahuaca 3947, C1192ACA CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina 5Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Kensington, London SW7 2DD, United Kingdom *Corresponding authors: [email protected] , [email protected] 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.19.258145; this version posted August 20, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Abstract N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a short acting psychedelic tryptamine found naturally in many plants and animals. -
Downloaded from by Pediatricsguest on October Vol.3, 2021 109 No
Just a Click Away: Recreational Drug Web Sites on the Internet Paul M. Wax, MD ABSTRACT. The explosive growth of the Internet in sharp rise in MDMA use among college students as recent years has provided a revolutionary new means of well.3 The report of the Drug Abuse Warning Net- interpersonal communication and connectivity. Informa- work released in December 2000 reveals that emer- tion on recreational drugs—once limited to bookstores, gency department (ED) episodes related to MDMA, libraries, mass media, and personal contacts—is now GHB, and ketamine increased significantly during readily available to just about anyone with Internet ac- 4 cess. Not surprising, Internet access greatly facilitates the the period 1994 to 1999. In addition, abuse of some free and easy exchange of ideas, opinions, and unedited older drugs, such as dextromethorphan, seems to be 5 and nonrefereed information about recreational drugs. on the upsurge. This article presents a patient who came to medical at- Simultaneous with this “club” drug revolution has tention as the result of recreational drug-taking behavior been the explosive growth of the Internet. A dra- directly influenced by her Internet browsing. A second matic change in the everyday means of communica- case is presented in which the only information available tions has taken place. E-mail is now ubiquitous, and about the medical effects of a new “designer” drug was the World Wide Web, known as the Internet, brings found on a recreational drug Internet Web site. Several people together from all over the world attracted by such Web sites are described in detail. -
Canterbury Christ Church University's Repository of Research Outputs
Canterbury Christ Church University’s repository of research outputs http://create.canterbury.ac.uk Please cite this publication as follows: Blackman, S. J. and Bradley, R. (2017) From niche to stigma - headshop to prison: exploring the rise and fall of synthetic cannaboid use amongst young adults. International Journal of Drug Policy, 40. pp. 70-77. ISSN 0955-3959. Link to official URL (if available): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.10.015 This version is made available in accordance with publishers’ policies. All material made available by CReaTE is protected by intellectual property law, including copyright law. Any use made of the contents should comply with the relevant law. Contact: [email protected] From Niche to Stigma – Headshops to Prison: exploring the rise and fall of synthetic cannabinoid use amongst young adults Shane Blackman and Rick Bradley Abstract The aim of this paper will be to consider the rise and subsequent fall in NPS use at national and local level with a focus on synthetic cannabinoid products in Kent. We will examine the local practice and policy responses by Kent’s Young Persons' Drug and Alcohol Service towards a possible change in patterns of NPS drug consumption. The county has seen an expansion in the number of Headshops and we present local media coverage on NPS, and the Trading Standards and Kent Police intervention Operation Lantern to regulate Headshops. Through quantitative and qualitative data sets on socially vulnerable young people and prison populations we explore young adults’ perception of pleasure and harm in the use of NPS. -
Psychedelic Gospels
The Psychedelic Gospels The Psychedelic Gospels The Secret History of Hallucinogens in Christianity Jerry B. Brown, Ph.D., and Julie M. Brown, M.A. Park Street Press Rochester, Vermont • Toronto, Canada Park Street Press One Park Street Rochester, Vermont 05767 www.ParkStPress.com Park Street Press is a division of Inner Traditions International Copyright © 2016 by Jerry B. Brown and Julie M. Brown All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Note to the Reader: The information provided in this book is for educational, historical, and cultural interest only and should not be construed in any way as advocacy for the use of hallucinogens. Neither the authors nor the publishers assume any responsibility for physical, psychological, legal, or any other consequences arising from these substances. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data [cip to come] Printed and bound in XXXXX 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Text design and layout by Priscilla Baker This book was typeset in Garamond Premier Pro with Albertus and Myriad Pro used as display typefaces All Bible quotations are from the King James Bible Online. A portion of proceeds from the sale of this book will support the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS). Founded in 1986, MAPS is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit research and educational organization that develops medical, legal, and cultural contexts for people to benefit from the careful uses of psychedelics and marijuana. -
Motivation of an Entheogenic Chemist
1 (A Brief History and) Motivation of an Entheogenic Chemist Casey William Hardison - POWd (Civ) Abstract Casey Hardison was arrested spring 2004 for the production of psychedelic-type drugs, i.e., LSD, 2C- B and DMT. In the three years since, not one person from ‘authority’ had bothered to ask him what motivated him to synthesise psychedelic drugs. It was as if the a priori assumption that ‘all illegal drugs are bad’ had provided the answer. Hence, the Judge asserted that Hardison did it for “that basest of human emotion, greed” as though the psychospiritual benefits of an alchemical path dedicated to expanding consciousness and personal transformation, through insights integrated into action, upon which he had expounded at great lengths during trial, were some elaborate “portmanteau defence”, just some ruse to get him out of the dock. It was not, it was a committed stand for ‘cognitive liberty’ and for a world full of people who understand the fine line between alone and all one. MINDSET I was born in Washington State on the edge of Western exploration in the New World in the summer of 1971. I came of age in and around the communal rooms of AA, NA, ACA, Alanon and Alateen throughout the Pacific and Mountain West. My father is 33 years sober. His father died 14 years sober in 1982. I too wrestled my psychospiritual demons through alcohol and Cannabis which gratefully led me to the rooms of AA and NA where, at the age of 14, I declared myself an alcoholic and an addict. I delved headlong into the 12 Steps and promptly saw that I had wrapped myself in a shame-bound identity (‘ism’ - internalised shame manifested).