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Conservationists and the Battles to Keep Dams out of Yellowstone: Hetch Hetchy Overturned
Conservationists and the Battles to Keep Dams Out of Yellowstone: Hetch Hetchy Overturned Michael J. Yochim Abstract Between 1919 and 1938 irrigation interests in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming repeatedly tried to construct reservoirs in Yellowstone National Park by damming several large park lakes and Bechler Meadows. Conservationists of the time joined forces with Horace Albright and Steven Mather of the National Park Service to oppose the dams. Ultimately successful in all their efforts, their key victory came in 1923 when they defeated an attempt to dam Yellowstone Lake. This victory reversed the loss of protected status for national parks that had occurred just ten years earlier at Hetch Hetchy Valley in Yosemite National Park. By chronicling the protracted conflict over dams in Yellowstone, I illustrate that the conservationists (including Mather and Albright) reestablished the funda- mental preservation policy of the national parks and empowered the newly cre- ated National Park Service to carry out its mission of park protection. This effort was the key battle in proving national parks and wilderness to be inviolate to industrial, exploitive uses. Conservationists both defined and tested the inviolate policy in Yellowstone; their battles in Dinosaur National Monument and the Grand Canyon cemented it into place. Introduction Far off, there lies a lovely lake Which rests in beauty, there to take Swift pictures of the changing sky, Ethereal blues, and clouds piled high. When black the sky, when fall the rains, When blow fierce winds, her face remains Still beautiful, but agitate, Nor mirrors back their troubled state. Within a park this treasure lies, — Such region ne’er did man devise — The hand of Mighty God, alone, Could form the Park of Yellowstone. -
Dolen, Timothy P
Historical Development of Durable Concrete for the Bureau of Reclamation Timothy P. Dolen Research Civil Engineer - Senior Technical Specialist Materials Engineering and Research Laboratory Technical Service Center - Denver, Colorado Introduction The Bureau of Reclamation infrastructure stretches across many different climates and environments in the seventeen western states. Many of the dams, spillways, pumping plants, power plants, canals, and tunnels are constructed with concrete. These structures were built from Arizona to Montana, across the plains and in the mountains and deserts. Concrete structures had to remain durable to resist both the design loads and the natural environments of the western climate zones. Many natural environments can be quite destructive to concrete and the earliest Reclamation projects were faced with a variety of durability problems. The state-of-the-art of concrete construction advanced from hand mixing and horse and wagon transporting operations to automated mixing plants, underwater canal construction, and pumping and conveyor placing. This paper first overviews the challenges facing concrete construction in the beginning of the 20th Century. It then traces the Bureau of Reclamation’s role in the development of durable concrete to resist the environments of the west. What is Concrete? Before we begin, we must first understand what is concrete, the most versatile building material. The American Concrete Institute defines concrete as “a composite material that consists essentially of a binding medium within which are embedded particles or fragments of aggregate, usually a combination of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate; in portland-cement concrete, the binder is a mixture of portland cement and water.”1 The earliest concretes date at least as far back as early Roman times including the aqueducts and the historic Pantheon in Rome. -
Early Irrigation in the Boise Valley By, Paul L. Murphy Source
Early Irrigation in the Boise Valley By, Paul L. Murphy Source: Pacific Northwest Quarterly, XLIV (October, 1935), 177-184. Agriculture is the dominant feature of Idaho's economy and the major portion of Idaho's agricultural development is predicated upon irrigation. The early pioneering efforts, ambitious as they were, merely opened the door to the vast projects that followed. The difficulties faced and overcome by the early developers were legion: eastern capital had to be enlisted and fluctuations in the money market compounded this problem; the problems of trial-and-error methods in actual construction while the engineering science developed; increasing operational expenses; inadequate legislative statutes to determine the rights and use of the water and the ensuing litigation in the courts all hampered development. The story of how these problems were solved in the early development of irrigation in the Boise Valley is told in the following informative article by Professor Paul L. Murphy. Those interested in further reading will find considerable material available. A classic study is William E. Smythe, The Conquest of Arid America (1899, 1905; reprint ed., Seattle, 1969). George Thomas, Early Irrigation in the Western States (Salt lake City, 1948), is valuable. Mikel H. Williams, The History 6f Development and Current Status of the Carey Act in Idaho (Boise, 1970), is informative. Students should consult the Biennial Report of the Department of Reclamation to the Governor of Idaho, beginning in 1919-1920. A valuable survey of Idaho irrigation is in "Mineral and Water Resources of Idaho," a report prepared by the United States Geological Survey (Washington: 1964). -
Draft Environmental Impact Statement, Minidoka Dam Spillway
Draft Environmental Impact Statement Minidoka Dam Spillway Replacement Minidoka Project, Idaho U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Pacific Northwest Region Snake River Area Office Boise, Idaho December 2009 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR The mission of the Department of the Interior is to protect and provide access to our Nation’s natural and cultural heritage and honor our trust responsibilities to Indian tribes and our commitments to island communities. MISSION OF THE BUREAU OF RECLAMATION The mission of the Bureau of Reclamation is to manage, develop, and protect water and related resources in an environmentally and economically sound manner in the interest of the American public. Draft Environmental Impact Statement Minidoka Dam Spillway Replacement Minidoka Project, Idaho U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Pacific Northwest Region Snake River Area Office Boise, Idaho December 2009 Draft Environmental Impact Statement Minidoka Dam Spillway Replacement Minidoka County, Idaho Lead Agency: For further information contact: U.S. Department of the Interior Allyn Meuleman Bureau of Reclamation Snake River Area Office Pacific Northwest Region 230 Collins Road Boise, ID 83702-4520 (208) 383-2258 Cooperating Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Idaho Fish and Wildlife Office Abstract: This Draft Environmental Impact Statement (Draft EIS) examines alternatives to correcting structural problems at the Minidoka Dam Spillway and associated facilities on Lake Walcott, Idaho. Alternatives considered in the Draft EIS are the No Action, as required under the National Environmental Policy Act; total replacement of the spillway and headgate structures; and replacement of just the spillway. -
Snake River Flow Augmentation Impact Analysis Appendix
SNAKE RIVER FLOW AUGMENTATION IMPACT ANALYSIS APPENDIX Prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Walla Walla District’s Lower Snake River Juvenile Salmon Migration Feasibility Study and Environmental Impact Statement United States Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Pacific Northwest Region Boise, Idaho February 1999 Acronyms and Abbreviations (Includes some common acronyms and abbreviations that may not appear in this document) 1427i A scenario in this analysis that provides up to 1,427,000 acre-feet of flow augmentation with large drawdown of Reclamation reservoirs. 1427r A scenario in this analysis that provides up to 1,427,000 acre-feet of flow augmentation with reservoir elevations maintained near current levels. BA Biological assessment BEA Bureau of Economic Analysis (U.S. Department of Commerce) BETTER Box Exchange Transport Temperature Ecology Reservoir (a water quality model) BIA Bureau of Indian Affairs BID Burley Irrigation District BIOP Biological opinion BLM Bureau of Land Management B.P. Before present BPA Bonneville Power Administration CES Conservation Extension Service cfs Cubic feet per second Corps U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CRFMP Columbia River Fish Mitigation Program CRP Conservation Reserve Program CVPIA Central Valley Project Improvement Act CWA Clean Water Act DO Dissolved Oxygen Acronyms and Abbreviations (Includes some common acronyms and abbreviations that may not appear in this document) DREW Drawdown Regional Economic Workgroup DDT Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane EIS Environmental Impact Statement EP Effective Precipitation EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESA Endangered Species Act ETAW Evapotranspiration of Applied Water FCRPS Federal Columbia River Power System FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission FIRE Finance, investment, and real estate HCNRA Hells Canyon National Recreation Area HUC Hydrologic unit code I.C. -
Historic Resource Study
Historic Resource Study Minidoka Internment National Monument _____________________________________________________ Prepared for the National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Seattle, Washington Minidoka Internment National Monument Historic Resource Study Amy Lowe Meger History Department Colorado State University National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Seattle, Washington 2005 Table of Contents Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………… i Note on Terminology………………………………………….…………………..…. ii List of Figures ………………………………………………………………………. iii Part One - Before World War II Chapter One - Introduction - Minidoka Internment National Monument …………... 1 Chapter Two - Life on the Margins - History of Early Idaho………………………… 5 Chapter Three - Gardening in a Desert - Settlement and Development……………… 21 Chapter Four - Legalized Discrimination - Nikkei Before World War II……………. 37 Part Two - World War II Chapter Five- Outcry for Relocation - World War II in America ………….…..…… 65 Chapter Six - A Dust Covered Pseudo City - Camp Construction……………………. 87 Chapter Seven - Camp Minidoka - Evacuation, Relocation, and Incarceration ………105 Part Three - After World War II Chapter Eight - Farm in a Day- Settlement and Development Resume……………… 153 Chapter Nine - Conclusion- Commemoration and Memory………………………….. 163 Appendixes ………………………………………………………………………… 173 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………. 181 Cover: Nikkei working on canal drop at Minidoka, date and photographer unknown, circa 1943. (Minidoka Manuscript Collection, Hagerman Fossil -
Chile, the Biobío, and the Future of the Columbia River Basin Jerrold A
Idaho Law Review Volume 53 | Number 1 Article 7 April 2017 Chile, the Biobío, and the Future of the Columbia River Basin Jerrold A. Long Shana Hirsch Jason Walters Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.uidaho.edu/idaho-law-review Recommended Citation Jerrold A. Long, Shana Hirsch & Jason Walters, Chile, the Biobío, and the Future of the Columbia River Basin, 53 Idaho L. Rev. 239 (2017). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.uidaho.edu/idaho-law-review/vol53/iss1/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ UIdaho Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Idaho Law Review by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ UIdaho Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CHILE, THE BIOBÍO, AND THE FUTURE OF THE COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN JERROLD A. LONG,* SHANA HIRSCH,** JASON WALTERS*** TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................ 240 II. FINDING LESSONS IN THE DIFFERENCES: WHY COMPARING CHILE AND THE COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN MAKES SENSE .................................................. 242 A. Climate Change and Altered Hydrologic Regimes ..... 242 B. United States Analogues to the Biobío ....................... 244 III. WATER RESOURCE HISTORIES .................................. 247 A. “Redemption” of the arid lands—Water resource development in the Columbia River Basin ................ 247 B. Dams and the Engines of Economic Development in Chile ....................................................................... -
Assessment of Fisheries Losses in the Upper Snake River Basin in Idaho Attributable to Construction and Operation of Dams with Federal Hydropower Facilities
ASSESSMENT OF FISHERIES LOSSES IN THE UPPER SNAKE RIVER BASIN IN IDAHO ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF DAMS WITH FEDERAL HYDROPOWER FACILITIES Idaho Department of Fish and Game IDFG Report Number 07-52 August 2007 ASSESSMENT OF FISHERIES LOSSES IN THE UPPER SNAKE RIVER BASIN IN IDAHO ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF DAMS WITH FEDERAL HYDROPOWER FACILITIES Prepared by: Idaho Department of Fish and Game 600 South Walnut Street P.O. Box 25 Boise, ID 83707 IDFG Report Number 07-52 August 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ASSESSMENT OF FISHERIES LOSSES IN THE UPPER SNAKE RIVER BASIN IN IDAHO ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF DAMS WITH FEDERAL HYDROPOWER FACILITIES................................................................................ 1 ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 2 BACKGROUND AND DESCRIPTION OF STUDY AREAS.......................................................... 2 Anderson Ranch Dam and Reservoir ........................................................................................ 2 Black Canyon Dam and Reservoir............................................................................................. 3 Deadwood Dam and Reservoir.................................................................................................. 4 Boise River Diversion -
Minidoka Project Reservoirs Store Flow of the Snake Snake the of Flow Store Reservoirs Project Minidoka Many Benefits Benefits Many
September 2010 2010 September 0461 0461 - 678 (208) Office Field Snake Upper www.usbr.gov/pn the American public. public. American the economically sound manner in the interest of of interest the in manner sound economically related resources in an environmentally and and environmentally an in resources related develop, and protect water and and water protect and develop, clamation is to manage, manage, to is clamation Re of The mission of the Bureau Bureau the of mission The Recreation: over 674,000 visits - $25 million million $25 - visits 674,000 over Recreation: Flood damage prevented: $8.8 million million $8.8 prevented: damage Flood Power generated: $5.6 million million $5.6 generated: Power Livestock industry: $342 million million $342 industry: Livestock IDAHO–WYOMING IDAHO–WYOMING Irrigated crops: $622 million million $622 crops: Irrigated What’s the Yearly Value? Value? Yearly the What’s Project Project the West. West. the Minidoka Minidoka some of the best outdoor recreation opportunities in in opportunities recreation outdoor best the of some also provides fish and wildlife enhancement and and enhancement wildlife and fish provides also The Story of the the of Story The production, and to reduce flood damage. The project project The damage. flood reduce to and production, River system for later irrigation use, electricity electricity use, irrigation later for system River Minidoka Project reservoirs store flow of the Snake Snake the of flow store reservoirs Project Minidoka Many Benefits Benefits Many Congress passed the Reclamation Act in 1902 to storing project water. The 1911 permanent dam was Railroad Draws Settlers bring water to the arid West. -
American Falls Reservoir Is the Largest Reservoir of the Project
Finding of No Significant Impact Final Environmental Assessment Maintenance and Rehabilitation of Spillway and Dam Structures at American Falls Dam, Minidoka Project, Power County, Idaho U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Pacific Northwest Region Snake River Area Office PN FONSI # 19-4 Introduction The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) has prepared this Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) to comply with the Council of Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations for implementing procedural provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). This document briefly describes the proposed action, other alternatives considered, the scoping process, Reclamation’s consultation and coordination activities, mitigation, and Reclamation’s finding. The Final Environmental Assessment (EA) fully documents the analyses of the potential environmental effects of implementing the changes proposed. Location and Background The Minidoka Project (Project) was authorized by the Secretary of the Interior in 1904 and was the first Reclamation project constructed in Idaho. It is located in the Snake River Basin in the southeastern part of the state. American Falls Dam, completed in 1927, is a 94-foot-high composite concrete and earth gravity-type dam on river mile 714.7 of the Snake River near American Falls, Idaho. With a storage capacity of 1,700,000 acre-feet, American Falls Reservoir is the largest reservoir of the Project. The dam itself is located in Power County, Idaho, but the reservoir stretches northeast into both Bingham and Bannock Counties. American Falls Dam and Reservoir comprise a multi-purpose facility from which principle benefits include irrigation, power generation (through a powerplant owned and operated by Idaho Power), flood control, fish and wildlife resources, and recreation. -
Evaluation of Seepage and Discharge Uncertainty in the Middle Snake River, Southwestern Idaho
Prepared in cooperation with the State of Idaho, Idaho Power Company, and the Idaho Department of Water Resources Evaluation of Seepage and Discharge Uncertainty in the Middle Snake River, Southwestern Idaho Scientific Investigations Report 2014–5091 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover: Streamgage operated by Idaho Power Company on the Snake River below Swan Falls Dam near Murphy, Idaho (13172500), looking downstream. Photograph taken by Molly Wood, U.S. Geological Survey, March 15, 2010. Evaluation of Seepage and Discharge Uncertainty in the Middle Snake River, Southwestern Idaho By Molly S. Wood, Marshall L. Williams, David M. Evetts, and Peter J. Vidmar Prepared in cooperation with the State of Idaho, Idaho Power Company, and the Idaho Department of Water Resources Scientific-Investigations Report 2014–5091 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2014 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. -
Public History Service Learning in National Parks Campus-Community
Boise State University ScholarWorks History Graduate Projects and Theses Department of History 10-1-2019 Public History Service Learning in National Parks Campus-Community Partnerships for the Preservation of Minidoka National Historic Site Mia Russell Boise State University PUBLIC HISTORY SERVICE LEARNING IN NATIONAL PARKS: CAMPUS-COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF MINIDOKA NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE by Mia Russell A project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Applied Historical Research Boise State University October 2018 © 2018 Mia Russell ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BOISE STATE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE COLLEGE DEFENSE COMMITTEE AND FINAL READING APPROVALS of the project submitted by Mia Russell Thesis Title: Public History Service Learning in National Parks: Campus-Community Partnerships for the Preservation of Minidoka National Historic Site Date of Final Oral Examination: 02 November 2018 The following individuals read and discussed the project submitted by student Mia Russell, and they evaluated her presentation and response to questions during the final oral examination. They found that the student passed the final oral examination. Lisa Brady, Ph.D. Chair, Supervisory Committee Leslie Madsen, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee Casey Cline, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee The final reading approval of the project was granted by Lisa Brady, Ph.D., Chair of the Supervisory Committee. The project was approved for the Graduate College by Tammi Vacha- Haase, Ph.D., Dean of the Graduate College. ABSTRACT This Master of Applied Historical Research project entailed the development and launch of an iOS-platform mobile application that provides an interpretive walking tour of Minidoka National Historic Site (Minidoka NHS).