Class _Illl^_i: Book ___:1j_ COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT 4 Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive in 2010 witii funding from Tine Library of Congress littp://www.arcliive.org/details/mexicanguideOOjanv Public Buildings. CITY OF MEXICO AcadcmiatleBclhis Artcs.O, 103 AX7TH0BIZED FOR PtTBLIC ATION WITH THE MEXICAIN GUIDE By GENERAL CARLOS PACHECO, Minister of Piibltv H'or, U-a, 18fi5. I TO TOURISTS AND OTHERS about to visit Mexico, The Missouri Pacific Rail- way System offers a choice of the pleasantest and most direct routes from St. Louis, Chicago, Kansas City, and also (via Texas and Pacific Railway) from GALVESTON and New Orleans. From all above points connection is made at El Paso, Texas, with the Mexican Central Railway, so that via either of the MISSOURI PACIFIC routes passengers can be sure of a Speedy and Comfortable trip to Mexico. Pullman, Sleeping, Dining, and Buffet Cars of the newest and best patterns through to El Paso in all express trains. For further information apply to W. H. NEWMAN, Gen'l Traffic Manager, ) ^'^' ^O^'S, MO. H. C. TOWNSEND, Gen'l Pas. & Ticket Agt., \ O. G MURRAY, Traffic Manager, ) DALLAS, B. W. McCULLOUGH, Gen'l Pas. & Ticket Agt., f TEXAS. JNO. E. ENNIS, Pas. Agt., S. H. THOMPSON, Cent. Pas.Agt., 86 Washington St., Chicago. iiig Liberty St., Pittsburg, Pa. A. A. GALLAGHER, So. Pas. Agt., N. R. WARWICK, Pas. Agt., 103 Read House, Chattanooga, Tenn. 131 Vine St., Cincinnati, O. E. S. JEWETT, Pas. & Ticket Agt., A. H. TORRICELLI,New Eng.Agt., 528 Main St., Kansas City, Mo. 214 Washington St., Boston, Mass. w. f. towne, wm. e. hoyt, Gen'l Eastern Agt. Eastern Pas. Agt. 391 Broadway, New York. '* 'The Mexican Financier' is a prudent and very able defender of the great pecuniary interests of citizens ot the United States and Mexico." — Editorial , J>'<'«« York Herald, Julif ,»*, 1SS4, AVOID DULL TiMES AT HOME BY BUILDING UP AN EXPORT TRADE, Prospectus for 1 SS6. THE MEXICAN FINANCIER, Published Weehly in the Citi/ of' 3lex>ico, REACniNG AT.L THE BUSINESS Cl-ASSES TITllOTJOnOUT THE Repuulio of Mexico, THE MEXICAN FINANCIER Has b(^i>t»iiit> the LEU)1\U Jl>ril.\iL of that 4oniitry. AMERICAN CATALOGUES AND PRICE-LISTS EXHIBITED AND EXPLAINED AT OUI^ POI^BIGN MANUPAGTUI^EI^S' BUr^EAU. Offices in the City of Mexico, Cor. of Vergara ami Son Francisco Sis. Devoted TO the Advancement of Commercial Relations between THE United States and Mexico. Now in its third year, and encouraged, as it has been, by liberal advertisinjr patronage from the most enterprising manufacturers of the United States, " TH K MEXICAN FINANCIER" has become firmly established in a permanent and useful career. It has acquired an international reputation as a business journal, and has already inlluenced a considerable increase of trade between the United States and Mexico. i^^For a samj>le co/>y write to SIMEOlSr LEW c^ CO., The Jl ex lean Jb^i Hancier, CITY OF MEXICO, .... MEXICO. REDFERN J^ADIBS' TAILOR. Traveling, ISaJking, Yacliling Gowns, ijivSTERS, jack:kts, hats. SPEC/ALriHS: MOUNTAIM-KRING AND SHOOTING S Made in a few days. I'atterniy Sketches, and /iitimaUi will be foni^ijrded on. tf>plu.ali')n, froin REDFERN, 210 Fifth Avenue, N. Y. Hunting and Sporting Suits of Every Des^:kii''iion Made from cloths unobtainable elsewhere in America. Specialty: RIDING BREECHES. GENTLEMEN'S DEPARTMENT Mk. Reijpkk.v has or>encd ?ijs c'-.tablishrncnt at 1132 Broadway ^next Delmonlco's), AS A HIGH CI^ASS TAIJ^OK OF ^VIKN. under the most experienced managers and cutters obtainable in Kurof>n. The largest stock of Imported Tailor Cloths in New York to select from. Premiset entirely detaxhed from f.adies' Tailorinjf Department 1 1^"^' 1 -- fife. , £^^ag -^-^ ^':^ . , ' ^ " mu;jtu^j!jj^^^ SBK'V.'' j^^^B ^^' -- ""-^^^^^ ^'^T^^'''i ^ :l^ - 's^-^ 1 1 :;£^^K|Mid|ll 1 r4i1 ii^ ^^^s^Pf^^jP^M^K| HMl^^nrlP^^' ^^E1 ^f if^l^M ^^m ^^^H1 ^^^^ ^'=S=5£=g^== . :=—=-=1 ^^^^--=^ .^^ m.!,-.r7r- . ; ^=^^ ^. • ACCIDENTAL INJURIES FROM Travel, Sport, or Business, Al^L J^TiOJJNJD THE GML.OBE, J.?*e Insured Against hy The Travelers, of Hartford, Conn. Only S5 per Year for $1,000 Insurance, with S5 Weekly Indemnity, to Professional and Business Men, Commercial Travelers, etc Larger Sums at Proportionate Rates. No Medical Examination Required. No Extra Charge: fo r European T ravel and Residence. Paid Pollcy-liolders, - - $11,500,000 Paid Policy-liolders in 188 5, - - 885,000 Asisets, $8,417,000. Surplus, $2,096,000 Agencies at all important points. Policies written at any of them, or the Home Office, at Hartford. JAMES G. BATTERSON, RODNEY DENNIS, JOHN E. MORRIS, President. Secretary. Asst. Secretary. THE Mexican Guide BY THOMAS A. JANVIER WITH TWO MAPS I.—THE CITY OF MEXICO II.—ENVIRONS OF THE CITY OF MEXICO t/ 3 NEW YORK CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS 1886 Copyright, 1885, by CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS .J55 TBOW'S PRINTING AND BOOKBINDING COMPANY, NEW YORK. PREFACE. This book contains the information that I felt the want of when I first went to Mexico. The theory upon which it is constructed is, that what can be easily- found and plainly seen need not be laboriously de- scribed ; that a traveller of ordinary intelligence, after being told what to look for, and where to look for it, in a strange country, desires most to know the historic facts and associations connected with what he sees. Consequently—while I have not shrunk from using an- gular facts wherever clearness made such facts neces- sary—there are not many lengths, breadths, and thick- nesses in this guide-book. I shall be very grateful for suggestions in regard to changes or additions, statistical or otherwise, that those who use the Guide may con- sider necessary ; and still more grateful for corrections of the errors which, no doubt, will be found in my work. Excepting in archceology, where I have been guided, ; IV PREFACE. mainly, by the conclusions of Mr. A. F. Bandelier, my authorities ai'e almost exclusively Mexican. I have drawn freely upon the works of the late eminent histo- rian and archaeologist, Sefior Manuel Orozco y Berra upon the works of Senor Antonio Garcia Cubas ; upon the ecclesiastical histories of the late Seiior Luis Alfaro Apai'icio the y Pina, and Seiior Manuel Ramirez ; upon general Mexican histories of the Seiiores Julio Zai'ate, J. M. Eoa Bai-cena, and Manuel Payno ; upon the Chron- icles of Fray Agustin de Vetancurt and Fray Baltasar de Medina. In matters relating to the general history and customs of the Catholic Church I have been guided by " The CathoHc Dictionary," by the Eev. William E. Addis and Thomas Ai-nold, M.A. In my descriptions of travel over the lines of the Mexican and Mexican Cen- tral Railways I have used portions of the remarkably exact and trustworthy itinerary prepared for the Ray- mond Excursion Agency of Boston, supplementing this matter with matter drawn from my own observation and reseai'ch. I am imder obhgations to General Carlos Pacheco, Mexican Minister of Public Works, for permission to republish tlie accompanying official maps of the City of Mexico, and of the environs of the City of Mexico ; and to the United States Envoy to Mexico, the Hon. Hemy R Jackson, for his very courteously given aid in pro- curing me this privilege. I am under obligations, also, to Don Guillermo Piieto, and to the Rev. Father PREFACE. y Agustin Fischer, Curate of San Cosme, for advice and assistance in obtaining the several works of reference required in preparing the following pages. And most of all am I (very happily) under obligations to my wife, without whose assistance—not only in trans- slating and in proof-reading, but in the difficult and re- ponsible work of searching and collating authorities— the Mexican Guide assuredly never would have been prepared. TAJ New York, February 1, 1886. — TABLE OF CONTENTS. FART I. TRAVELLER'S GUIDE. PAGE I.—Going to Mexico: By Rail, By Sea, Side Trips, Mexican Railway and Diligence Lines 3 IL Hints to Travellers : Provision for the Jour- ney, Passports, Custom-houses, Etc 19 III.—Tables of Mexican and United States Moneys, Weights, and Measures 23 IV.—The City of Mexico : Baggage Express, Hotels, Restaurants, Lodgings, Baths, Servants, In- terpreters, Libraries, Stationery, Post Of- fice, Telegraph Offices, Railway Stations AND Offices, Diligence Office, Hackney Coaches, Saddle Horses, Boats, Street Rail- ways, Suburban Railways 26 V. List of Streets alphabetically Arranged, with References to Map 39 ——— viii TABLE OF CONTENTS. FAST II DESCEIPTIVE AND HISTOEICAL. PAGE I.—The Journey to Mexico : By Bail, By Sea 51 II.—Municipality of Mexico: Situation, Climate, Historic Notes, Diputacion, General Mar- liETS, Flower Market, Portales, Prisons 73 III. Federal Buildings: National Palace, Cham- ber of Deputies, Mint, Arsenal, Custom- house, Etc 79 IT. Public Institutions: National Library, Na- tional Academy of the Fine Arts, National Museum 83 Y, Religious Foundations : Cathedral, Parish Churches, Foundations of the Religious Or- ders, Independent Churches 100 YI. Schools and Colleges : Educational Statistics, Conservatory of Music (ex-Unps-ersity), La Minerl\, Escuela de Medicina, Other Educa- tional Provision 183 YII, Charitable Institutions: Hospitals, Asylums, Monte de Ptedad, Charity Schools. 190 YTTT. Public Entertainments: Theatres, Salon de Conciertos, Circus, Bull-fighting 205 IX.—Public Works: Plazas, Alameda, Paseos, Cause- ways, Aqueducts. 308 — TABLE OF CONTENTS. IX PAGE X. —Various Matters op Interest: Public Monu- ments, Cemeteries, Notable Buildings, Etc. 219 XI.—Environs op Mexico: Guadalupe, Chapulte- PEC, MOLINO DEL REY, TaCUBAYA, SaN AnGEL, CoYOACAN, The Pedregal, Tlalpam, Popotla, Tacuba, Atzcapotzalco, La Piedad 226 XII. Short Excursions from Mexico : The Viga Canal (Santa Anita, Ixtacalco, Mexicalcingo), The Desierto, San Juan Teotiiiuacan, Texcoco, Tetzcotzinco, Molino de Flores, Cuatlen- ciiAN, Amecameca, Tajo de Nochistongo, Los Eemedios, Toluca 253 XIII.