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Hydrogeology and Ground-Water Quality of Northern Bucks County, Pennsylvania
HYDROGEOLOGY AND GROUND-WATER QUALITY OF NORTHERN BUCKS COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA by Ronald A. Sloto and Curtis L Schreftier ' U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4109 Prepared in cooperation with NEW HOPE BOROUGH AND BRIDGETON, BUCKINGHAM, NOCKAMIXON, PLUMSTEAD, SOLEBURY, SPRINGFIELD, TINICUM, AND WRIGHTSTOWN TOWNSHIPS Lemoyne, Pennsylvania 1994 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Gordon P. Eaton, Director For additional information Copies of this report may be write to: purchased from: U.S. Geological Survey Earth Science Information Center District Chief Open-File Reports Section U.S. Geological Survey Box 25286, MS 517 840 Market Street Denver Federal Center Lemoyne, Pennsylvania 17043-1586 Denver, Colorado 80225 CONTENTS Page Abstract....................................................................................1 Introduction ................................................................................2 Purpose and scope ..................................................................... 2 Location and physiography ............................................................. 2 Climate...............................................................................3 Well-numbering system................................................................. 4 Borehole geophysical logging............................................................4 Previous investigations ................................................................. 6 Acknowledgments.................................................................... -
The Crustal Structure of the Axis of the Great Valley, California, from Seismic Refraction Measurements
Tectonophysics, 140 (1987) 49-63 49 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam - Printed in The Netherlands The crustal structure of the axis of the Great Valley, California, from seismic refraction measurements W. STEVEN HOLBROOK ’ and WALTER D. MOONEY * ’ Geophysics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 (U.S.A.) ’ U.S. Geological Survey, MS 977, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 (U.S.A.) (Received March 18,1986; accepted June 151986) Abstract Holbrook, W.S. and Mooney, W.D., 1987. The crustal structure of the axis of the Great Valley, California, from seismic refraction measurements. In: S. Asano and W.D. Mooney (Editors), Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere. Tectonophysics, 140: 49-63. In 1982 the U.S. Geological Survey collected six seismic refraction profiles in the Great Valley of California: three axial profiles with a maximum shot-to-receiver offset of 160 km, and three shorter profiles perpendicular to the valley axis. This paper presents the results of two-dimensional raytracing and synthetic seismogram modeling of the central axial profile. The crust of the central Great Valley is laterally heterogeneous along its axis, but generally consists of a sedimentary section overlying distinct upper, middle, and lower crustal units. The sedimentary rocks are 3-5 km thick along the profile, with velocities increasing with depth from 1.6 to 4.0 km/s. The basement (upper crust) consists of four units: (1) a 1.0-1.5 km thick layer of velocity 5.4-5.8 km/s, (2) a 3-4 km thick layer of velocity 6.0-6.3 km/s, (3) a 1.5-3.0 km thick layer of velocity 6.5-6.6 km/s, and (4) a laterally discontinuous, 1.5 km thick layer of velocity 6.8-7.0 km/s. -
HIGH ALLEGHENY PLATEAU ECOREGIONAL PLAN: FIRST ITERATION Conservation Science Support—Northeast and Caribbean
HIGH ALLEGHENY PLATEAU ECOREGIONAL PLAN: FIRST ITERATION Conservation Science Support—Northeast and Caribbean The High Allegheny Plan is a first iteration, a scientific assessment of the ecoregion. As part of the planning process, other aspects of the plan will be developed in future iterations, along with updates to the ecological assessment itself. These include fuller evaluations of threats to the ecoregion, constraints on conservation activities, and implementation strategies. CSS is now developing a standard template for ecoregional plans, which we have applied to the HAL first iteration draft report, distributed in 2002. Some of the HAL results have been edited or updated for this version. Click on the navigation pane to browse the report sections. What is the purpose of the report template? The purpose of creating a standard template for ecoregional plans in the Northeast is twofold: — to compile concise descriptions of methodologies developed and used for ecoregional assessment in the Northeast. These descriptions are meant to meet the needs of planning team members who need authoritative text to include in future plan documents, of science staff who need to respond to questions of methodology, and of program and state directors looking for material for general audience publications. — to create a modular resource whose pieces can be selected, incorporated in various formats, linked to in other documents, and updated easily. How does the template work? Methods are separated from results in this format, and the bulk of our work has gone into the standard methods sections. We have tried to make each methods section stand alone. Every section includes its own citation on the first page. -
Lower New England /Northern Piedmont Terrestrial Community
Map 2: Terrestrial Community Subregions LAMOILLE FRANKLIN CHITTENDEN OXFORD ST LAWRENCE St Lawrence CALEDONIA Ecoregion Lower New England /Northern Piedmont WASHINGTON Northern Appalachian JEFFERSON Ecoregion MAINE Terrestrial Community Subregions ESSEX ORANGE GRAFTON ADDISON CARROLL CUMBERLAND LEWIS M212Bb 20 0 20 40 Kilometers HAMILTON 221Al RUTLAND WARREN WINDSOR M212Bc BELKNAP 10 0 10 20 30 40 Miles NEW YORK HERKIMER VERMONT OSWEGO SULLIVAN HAMPSHIRE MERRIMACK STRAFFORD WASHINGTON ONROE WAYNE ONEIDA FULTON CAYUGA SARATOGA ONONDAGA BENNINGTON Great Lakes ROCKINGHAM WINDHAM ONTARIO Ecoregion MADISON HILLSBOROUGH MONTGOMERY RENSSELAER SCHENECTADY CHESHIRE SENECA ON ESSEX YATES OTSEGO 221Ai CORTLAND 221Bc M212Cc M212Bd ALBANY SCHOHARIE FRANKLIN MIDDLESEX BERKSHIRE TOMPKINS CHENANGO SCHUYLER 221Bb WORCESTER STEUBEN M212Cb HAMPSHIRE SUFFOLK NEW YORK GREENE MASSACHUSETTS COLUMBIA NORFOLK CHEMUNG TIOGA DELAWARE 221Ah BROOME HAMPDEN High Allegheny Plateau 221Af BRISTOL PLYMOUTH PROVIDENCE Ecoregion ULSTER WINDHAM North Atlantic Coast SUSQUEHANNA TOLLAND TIOGA BRADFORD RHODE LITCHFIELD Ecoregion BAR DUTCHESS HARTFORD 221Ag ISLAND BRISTOL SULLIVAN PENNSYLVANIA KENT WAYNE CONNECTICUT NEWPORT 221Ae WYOMING 221Ba NEW HAVEN NEW LONDON WASHINGTON SULLIVAN MIDDLESEX DUKES LACKAWANNA PUTNAM ORANGE FAIRFIELD LYCOMING TON PIKE LUZERNE ROCKLAND SUSSEX WESTCHESTER MONTOUR PASSAIC COLUMBIA MONROE UNION Central Appalachian BERGEN WARREN CARBON MORRIS Ecoregion 221Dc BRONX SUFFOLK SNYDER ESSEX SCHUYLKILL NEW YORK NASSAU NORTHUMBERLAND NORTHAMPTON HUDSON 221Am -
DEPARTMENT of the INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Review of the Great Valley Sequence, Eastern Diablo Range and Northern San
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Review of the Great Valley sequence, eastern Diablo Range and northern San Joaquin Valley, central California by J. Alan Bartow1 and TorH.Nilsen2 Open-File Report 90-226 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, product, firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 1990 , Menlo Park, California 2Applied Earth Technologies, Inc, Redwood City, California ABSTRACT The Great Valley sequence of the eastern Diablo Range and northern San Joaquin Valley consists of a thick accumulation of marine and nonmarine clastic rocks of Jurassic to early Paleocene age deposited in a forearc basin that was situated between the Sierran magmatic arc to the east and the Franciscan subduction complex to the west. In the western part of the basin, the sequence rests conformably on the Jurassic Coast Range Ophiolite or is faulted against the structurally underlying Franciscan Complex. Beneath the eastern San Joaquin Valley, the sequence unconformably onlaps igneous and metamorphic rocks of the Sierran magmatic arc. The sequence generally thickens westward to as much as 8-9 km in the Diablo Range, where it is unconformably overlain by late Paleocene and younger strata. The stratigraphy of the Great Valley sequence has been the subject of much work, but problems, particularly nomenclatural, remain. Lithostratigraphic subdivisions of the sequence have not gained widespread acceptance because of the lenticularity of most sandstone bodies, abrupt fades changes in subsurface and outcrops, and the lack of detailed subsurface information from closely spaced or deep wells. -
FIGURE 4 Map Showing Physiographic Provinces and Sections of the Eastern United States (From Fenneman 1938)
nagement of Central Hardwood Forests The Central Hardwood Region 7 PHYSIOGRAPHY ardwood region is situated in an area that, in the main part, is th the Appalachian system and, except for the northwestern rglaciated (Fig. 4). The primary physiographic regions of the oods are the Blue Ridge, Ridge and Valley, Appalachian Plateaus, md, Ozark Plateau, and Ouachita provinces (Fenneman 1938). Ridge is the easternmost province in the central hardwood region 1 the south in northern Georgia and extends into southeastern Through Virginia, the Blue Ridge narrows to form a prominent the name "Blue Ridge." The highest elevations in the eastern occur in the Blue Ridge section of western North Carolina. Mount le Black Mountains just northeast of Asheville rises to a height of ~ sea level and, like many of the tallest peaks in the Appalachians, rith a relic spruce-fir forest. tely north and west of the Blue Ridge is the Ridge and Valley xtends from central Pennsylvania in the north to northern Georgia . The Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Missouri pographically to the Ridge and ValleyProvince, and several authors I I I o 125 250 :hey are part of a common feature, part of which is buried in 11 500 miles bama and Mississippi (King 1950; Petersen et al. 1980; Hubler ITI2TI CENTRAL HARDWOOD REGION dge and Valley section is very old and geologically complex, having I faulted, folded, and eroded. The ridges are long and narrow with ..-.~/ s through Pennsylvania, western Maryland, and West Virginia (Fig. /_. } iden southward to form the valley of the Shenandoah in Virginia essee farther south. -
Geochemistry of the Great Valley Group: an Integrated Provenance Record Kathleen D
Trinity University Digital Commons @ Trinity Geosciences Faculty Research Geosciences Department 6-2014 Geochemistry of the Great Valley Group: An Integrated Provenance Record Kathleen D. Surpless Trinity University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/geo_faculty Part of the Earth Sciences Commons Repository Citation Surpless, K.D. (2014). Geochemistry of the great valley group: An integrated provenance record. International Geology Review, 57(5-8), 747-766. doi: 10.1080/00206814.2014.923347 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Geosciences Department at Digital Commons @ Trinity. It has been accepted for inclusion in Geosciences Faculty Research by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Trinity. For more information, please contact [email protected]. International Geology Review, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2014.923347 Geochemistry of the Great Valley Group: an integrated provenance record Kathleen D. Surpless* Department of Geosciences, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA (Received 13 March 2014; accepted 8 May 2014) Sedimentary geochemistry of fine-grained strata of the Great Valley Group (GVG) in California documents a provenance signal that may better represent unstable, mafic minerals and volcanic clasts within sediment source regions than the provenance signal documented in the petrofacies and detrital zircon analysis of coarser sedimentary fractions. Geochemistry of the GVG provides an overall provenance framework within which to interpret sandstone petrofacies and detrital zircon age signatures. The geochemical signature for all Sacramento Valley samples records an overall continental arc source, with significant variation but no clear spatial or temporal trends, indicating that the geochemical provenance signal remained relatively consistent and homogenized through deposition of Sacramento basin strata. -
Provenance of Franciscan Graywackes in Coastal California
Provenance of Franciscan graywackes in coastal California WILLIAM R. DICKINSON Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 RAYMOND V. INGERSOLL Department of Geology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131 DARREL S. COWAN Department of Geological Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 KENNETH P. HELMOLD Exploration and Production Research Laboratory, Cities Service Company, P. O. Box 3908, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74150 CHRISTOPHER A. SUCZEK Department of Geology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225 ABSTRACT known Great Valley counterparts and were tinite, minor pelagic limestone, and rare probably derived from segments of the arc polymict conglomerate—are distinctly sub- A systematic comparison of available terrane where exposures of plutons were ordinate. detrital modes for graywacke sandstones of more extensive than within typical Great One line of thought, based in part on the the Franciscan subduction complex and for Valley sources. Higher proportions of non- work of Taliaferro (1943), holds that the coeval sandstones of the Great Valley volcanic to volcanic lithic fragments in sandy detritus in the graywackes came from sequence in the California Coast Ranges some Franciscan sandstones probably re- some unknown western landmass lying off indicates that both were apparently derived flect complex recycling processes on the the coast. Initially, of course, this supposed from the same general sources. The inferred trench slope. Diagenetic effects in many landmass was viewed as a borderland on the provenance terrane was the ancestral Sier- Franciscan suites include apparent whole- edge of North America. In recent years, ran-Klamath magmatic arc, from which sale replacement of K-feldspar by albite. -
USGS Open-File Report 96-252, Geologic Explanation Pamphlet
Preliminary geologic map emphasizing bedrock formations in Alameda County, California: A digital database by R.W. Graymer, D.L. Jones, and E.E. Brabb U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-252 Geologic Explanation Introduction This map database represents the integration of previously published and unpublished maps by several workers (see Sources of Data) and thousands of man-hours of new geologic mapping and field checking by the authors. The data are released in a preliminary digital form to provide an opportunity for regional planners, local, state, and federal agencies, teachers, consultants, and others interested in geologic data to have the new data long before a traditional paper map is published. The authors currently plan to produce a second version of the geologic map of Alameda County that would include subdivided Quaternary units and enhanced stratigraphic description and nomenclature, both as a digital product and as a traditional paper map. The timing of release of these products, and indeed whether they will be produced at all, depends on a variety of factors, including funding, outside author control. Stratigraphy Lithologic associations in Alameda County are divided into nine assemblages; I, II, and V - XI (Assemblages III and IV occur only in Contra Costa County). As defined in Graymer, Jones, and Brabb (1994), assemblages are large, fault - bounded blocks that contain a unique stratigraphic sequence. The stratigraphic sequence differs from that of neighboring assemblages by containing different rock units (e.g. the freshwater limestone (Tlp) in Assemblage VIII is missing from the other Assemblages), or by different stratigraphic relationship among similar rock units (e.g. -
Significance of the Deformation History Within the Hinge Zone of the Pennsylvania Salient, Appalachian Mountains
Bucknell University Bucknell Digital Commons Faculty Journal Articles Faculty Scholarship 2014 Significance of the Deformation History within the Hinge Zone of the Pennsylvania Salient, Appalachian Mountains Mary Beth Gray Bucknell University, [email protected] Peter B. Sak [email protected] Zeshan Ismat Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.bucknell.edu/fac_journ Part of the Tectonics and Structure Commons Recommended Citation Sak, P.B., Gray, M.B., and Ismat, Z., 2014, Significance of the Juniata culmination in the deformation history of the Pennsylvania salient, Appalachian Mountains. Journal of Geology 122, 367-380 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at Bucknell Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Journal Articles by an authorized administrator of Bucknell Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Significance of the Deformation History within the Hinge Zone of the Pennsylvania Salient, Appalachian Mountains Peter B. Sak,1,* Mary Beth Gray,2 and Zeshan Ismat3 1. Department of Earth Sciences, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013, USA; 2. Department of Geology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, USA; 3. Department of Earth and Environment, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17603, USA ABSTRACT Two competing models exist for the formation of the Pennsylvania salient, a widely studied area of pronounced curvature in the Appalachian mountain belt. The viability of these models can be tested by compiling and analyzing the patterns of structures within the general hinge zone of the Pennsylvania salient. One end-member model suggests a NW-directed maximum shortening direction and no rotation through time in the culmination. -
Susquehanna River Management Plan
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER MANAGEMENT PLAN A management plan focusing on the large river habitats of the West Branch Susquehanna and Susquehanna rivers of Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission Bureau of Fisheries Division of Fisheries Management 1601 Elmerton Avenue P.O. Box 67000 Harrisburg, PA 17106-7000 Table of Contents Table of Contents List of Tables ............................................................................................................................... .ii List of Appendix A Tables ...........................................................................................................iii List of Figures .............................................................................................................................v Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................... viii Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................ix 1.0 Introduction ....................................................................................................................1 2.0 River Basin Features .......................................................................................................5 3.0 River Characteristics ..................................................................................................... 22 4.0 Special Jurisdictions ..................................................................................................... -
Structural Interpretation of the Southern Part of the Northern Coast Ranges and Sacramento Valley, California: Summary
Structural interpretation of the southern part of the northern Coast Ranges and Sacramento Valley, California: Summary JOHN SUPPE Department of Geological and Geophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 The surface geology of the northern Coast Ranges of California lief on the contacts between these major tectonostratigraphic units is dominated by structurally complex Upper Mesozoic and Lower is one of the most striking features of the surface geology of the Cenozoic rocks of the Franciscan Complex, some of which have Coast Ranges. This relief is produced in the present solution by im- undergone high-pressure metamorphism in the Late Jurassic or bricate thrust faults that flatten within the upper crust and account Cretaceous. Strata of the coeval, but generally little-deformed, for about 175 km of Cenozoic horizontal shortening of the conti- Great Valley sequence (~10 km thick) are buried under Upper nental margin, as is shown by a restored section published with the Cenozoic nonmarine sedimentary rocks in the Sacramento Valley complete article. The shortening is large relative to the present but are fully exposed in the great homocline forming the boundary width of the Coast Ranges, which is about 110 km; nevertheless it between the Sacramento Valley to the east and the Coast Ranges to is small relative to the several thousand kilometres of Cenozoic the west (Fig. I).1 The Great Valley sequence and its ophiolitic subduction to the west with which this thrusting was presumably basement are also exposed across the entire Coast Ranges in coeval (Atwater, 1970). Subduction stopped at the latitude of the numerous small fragments immersed in the predominantly Francis- cross section about 5 m.y.