Results for RHIC and LHC in a Unified Framework for Heavy Flavor and Quarkonium Production in High Multiplicity P+P and P+A Collisions

Results for RHIC and LHC in a unified framework for Heavy Flavor and Quarkonium production in high multiplicity p+p and p+A collisions

Kazuhiro Watanabe

Thomas Jeﬀerson National Accelerator Facility

The 27th International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, May 16, 2018, Venice Italy

arXiv:1803.11093, with Y.-Q. Ma, P. Tribedy, R. Venugopalan

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 1 / 18 2 in p+A collisions: More complex than p+p. Supposed to distinguish Cold Nuclear Matter eﬀect from hot matter eﬀect. √ We can study extensively HF and Onium production by changing s, y, p⊥, m, system size

& Multiplicity Nch!

We consider Event Engineering HF and Quarkonium production in rare high multiplicity events in p+p and p+A collisions in the color glass condensate (CGC) eﬀective theory.

Introduction

We study HF and Onium production 1 in p+p collisions: Elementary process for understanding HF and Onium production mechanisms. Important reference against p+A and A+A collisions.

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 2 / 18 √ We can study extensively HF and Onium production by changing s, y, p⊥, m, system size

& Multiplicity Nch!

We consider Event Engineering HF and Quarkonium production in rare high multiplicity events in p+p and p+A collisions in the color glass condensate (CGC) eﬀective theory.

Introduction

We study HF and Onium production 1 in p+p collisions: Elementary process for understanding HF and Onium production mechanisms. Important reference against p+A and A+A collisions. 2 in p+A collisions: More complex than p+p. Supposed to distinguish Cold Nuclear Matter eﬀect from hot matter eﬀect.

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 2 / 18 & Multiplicity Nch!

We consider Event Engineering HF and Quarkonium production in rare high multiplicity events in p+p and p+A collisions in the color glass condensate (CGC) eﬀective theory.

Introduction

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 2 / 18 We consider Event Engineering HF and Quarkonium production in rare high multiplicity events in p+p and p+A collisions in the color glass condensate (CGC) eﬀective theory.

Introduction

& Multiplicity Nch!

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 2 / 18 Introduction

& Multiplicity Nch!

We consider Event Engineering HF and Quarkonium production in rare high multiplicity events in p+p and p+A collisions in the color glass condensate (CGC) eﬀective theory.

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 2 / 18 Gluon saturation/CGC is a natural way to explain this 20 2 2 Qs,0 = Q0 2 2 phenomenon. cf. [Dumitru, Dusling, Gelis, Jalilian-Marian, Lappi and Qs,0 = 5Q0 2 2 15 Qs,0 = 10Q0 Venugopalan, PLB697, 21 (2011)][Dusling and Venugopalan, PRL108, 262001 (2012),

PRD87, 051502, 054014, 094034 (2013)] 10 ) [arbitrary unit] ⊥

Classical gluon ﬁelds have A ∼ 1/g: k ( =0

Y 5 ϕ

2 ⊥

dN f (k⊥/Q ) dN S⊥Q k ch ∼ hAAi ∼ s ⇒ ch ∼ s 2 2 0 d b⊥d k⊥dy αs dy αs 0 1 2 3 4 5

k⊥ [GeV] Rare parton conﬁgurations ↔ Large ﬂuctuation in Qs (x).

High Multiplicity events and Gluon Saturation

Discovery of ridge like structure: The starting point. p+p vs p+A vs A+A: Initial state (ﬂuctuation) or Final state (hydro) origins?

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 3 / 18 20

2 2 Qs,0 = Q0 2 2 Qs,0 = 5Q0 2 2 15 Qs,0 = 10Q0

10 ) [arbitrary unit] ⊥

Classical gluon ﬁelds have A ∼ 1/g: k ( =0

Y 5 ϕ

2 ⊥

dN f (k⊥/Q ) dN S⊥Q k ch ∼ hAAi ∼ s ⇒ ch ∼ s 2 2 0 d b⊥d k⊥dy αs dy αs 0 1 2 3 4 5

k⊥ [GeV] Rare parton conﬁgurations ↔ Large ﬂuctuation in Qs (x).

High Multiplicity events and Gluon Saturation

Discovery of ridge like structure: The starting point. p+p vs p+A vs A+A: Initial state (ﬂuctuation) or Final state (hydro) origins?

Gluon saturation/CGC is a natural way to explain this phenomenon. cf. [Dumitru, Dusling, Gelis, Jalilian-Marian, Lappi and Venugopalan, PLB697, 21 (2011)][Dusling and Venugopalan, PRL108, 262001 (2012),

PRD87, 051502, 054014, 094034 (2013)]

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 3 / 18 High Multiplicity events and Gluon Saturation

Discovery of ridge like structure: The starting point. p+p vs p+A vs A+A: Initial state (ﬂuctuation) or Final state (hydro) origins?

Gluon saturation/CGC is a natural way to explain this 20 2 2 Qs,0 = Q0 2 2 phenomenon. cf. [Dumitru, Dusling, Gelis, Jalilian-Marian, Lappi and Qs,0 = 5Q0 2 2 15 Qs,0 = 10Q0 Venugopalan, PLB697, 21 (2011)][Dusling and Venugopalan, PRL108, 262001 (2012),

PRD87, 051502, 054014, 094034 (2013)] 10 ) [arbitrary unit] ⊥

Classical gluon ﬁelds have A ∼ 1/g: k ( =0

Y 5 ϕ

2 ⊥

dN f (k⊥/Q ) dN S⊥Q k ch ∼ hAAi ∼ s ⇒ ch ∼ s 2 2 0 d b⊥d k⊥dy αs dy αs 0 1 2 3 4 5

k⊥ [GeV] Rare parton configurations ↔ Large fluctuation in Qs (x). Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 3 / 18 We use running coupling-BK equation. [Balitsky, PRD75, 014001 (2007)] → Saturation scale is embedded in initial condition: MV model. [McLerran and Venugopalan, PRD49, 2233 (1994), 3352 (1994)] 2 2 2 MB in p+p: Qsp,0 = Q0 = 0.168 GeV at x = 0.01 from DIS global data fitting for total cross section at HERA. [Albacete, Armesto, Milhano, Quiroga-Arias and Salgado, EPJC71, 1705 (2011)] 2 1/3 ∼ 2 MB in p+A: Qs A,0 . 0.5A Qs p,0 2Q0 by fitting the New Muon Collaboration data on F2, A. [Dusling, Gelis, Lappi and Venugopalan, NPA836, 159 (2010)]

Methodology:Heavy quark pair production in the CGC framework

Large-x d.o.f: ρp, ρA → J. Small-x d.o.f: Classical ﬁelds satisfy CYM equation, µ [D , Fµν ] = Jν . Heavy quark pair is produced coherently as a whole in the background ﬁelds.

Multiple scattering of quark/gluon in background 2 x⊥ ﬁelds is represented by Wilson lines. v⊥ + y⊥ · · · · · · BK-JIMWLK equation takes Energy/Rapidity dependence of a pair production cross section. [Blaizot, Gelis and Venugopalan, NPA743, 57 (2004)][Kovchegov and Tuchin, PRD74, 054014 (2006)][Fujii, Gelis and Venugopalan, NPA780,

146 (2006)]

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 4 / 18 Methodology:Heavy quark pair production in the CGC framework

Large-x d.o.f: ρp, ρA → J. Small-x d.o.f: Classical ﬁelds satisfy CYM equation, µ [D , Fµν ] = Jν . Heavy quark pair is produced coherently as a whole in the background ﬁelds.

146 (2006)]

We use running coupling-BK equation. [Balitsky, PRD75, 014001 (2007)] → Saturation scale is embedded in initial condition: MV model. [McLerran and Venugopalan, PRD49, 2233 (1994), 3352 (1994)] 2 2 2 MB in p+p: Qsp,0 = Q0 = 0.168 GeV at x = 0.01 from DIS global data ﬁtting for total cross section at HERA. [Albacete, Armesto, Milhano, Quiroga-Arias and Salgado, EPJC71, 1705 (2011)] 2 1/3 ∼ 2 MB in p+A: Qs A,0 . 0.5A Qs p,0 2Q0 by ﬁtting the New Muon Collaboration data on F2, A. [Dusling, Gelis, Lappi and Venugopalan, NPA836, 159 (2010)]

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 4 / 18 Open Heavy Flavor production xsection:

Z 1 Z Z dσ D → (z) dσ D = dz c D dy cc¯ 2 2 c¯ 2 2 d pD⊥dy zmin z qc¯⊥ d pc⊥d qc¯⊥dydyc¯

Several functional forms for Dc→D (z) have been proposed: Peterson, Kartvilishvili, Braaten-Cheung-Fleming-Yuan, ... [Peterson, Schlatter, Schmitt and Zerwas, PRD27, 105 (1983)][Kartvelishvili, Likhoded and Petrov, PL78B, 615 (1978)][Braaten, Cheung, Fleming and Yuan, PRD51, 4819 (1995)]

Quantitatively, these forms give similar p⊥ spectrum of D meson if we choose appropriate nonperturbative input parameters. [Fujii, PTPS168, 364 (2007)][Fujii, KW, NPA920, 78 (2013)][Ma, Tribedy, Venugopalan, KW, 1803.11093]

Large theoretical uncertainties may be indispensable at p⊥ . m. Factorization is less obvious. cf. [Cacciari, Frixione, Houdeau, Mangano, Nason and Ridolﬁ, JHEP1210, 137 (2012)]

Open Heavy Flavor Production

Heavy quark pair production xsection in Large-Nc : 2 2 Z dσcc¯ αs Nc πRA ϕp,yp (k1⊥) = NY (k⊥)NY (k2⊥ − k⊥) Ξ d2 p d2 q dy dy 2(2π)10d 2 c⊥ c¯⊥ c c¯ A k1⊥ k2⊥,k⊥

ϕp,yp : Unintegrated gluon distribution function. NY : Dipole amplitude. Ξ: Hard part.

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 5 / 18 Open Heavy Flavor Production

Heavy quark pair production xsection in Large-Nc : 2 2 Z dσcc¯ αs Nc πRA ϕp,yp (k1⊥) = NY (k⊥)NY (k2⊥ − k⊥) Ξ d2 p d2 q dy dy 2(2π)10d 2 c⊥ c¯⊥ c c¯ A k1⊥ k2⊥,k⊥

ϕp,yp : Unintegrated gluon distribution function. NY : Dipole amplitude. Ξ: Hard part. Open Heavy Flavor production xsection:

Z 1 Z Z dσ D → (z) dσ D = dz c D dy cc¯ 2 2 c¯ 2 2 d pD⊥dy zmin z qc¯⊥ d pc⊥d qc¯⊥dydyc¯

Large theoretical uncertainties may be indispensable at p⊥ . m. Factorization is less obvious. cf. [Cacciari, Frixione, Houdeau, Mangano, Nason and Ridolﬁ, JHEP1210, 137 (2012)]

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 5 / 18 2 NRQCD: [Kang, Ma, Venugopalan,JHEP1401,056(2014)] dσψ X dσˆ κ D E = cc¯ × Oψ (κ = 2S+1L[c]) 2 2 κ J dydp⊥ κ dydp⊥ |{z} LDMEs dσκ R2 Z cc¯,CS αs π A ϕp,yp (k1⊥) 0 0 κ = NY (k⊥)NY (k⊥)NY (k2⊥ − k⊥ − k⊥) G1 d2 p⊥dy (2π)9d k2 A 0 1⊥ k2⊥,k⊥,k⊥ dσκ R2 Z cc¯,CO αs π A ϕp,yp (k1⊥) κ = NY (k⊥)NY (k2⊥ − k⊥) Γ d2 p dy (2π)7d 2 8 ⊥ A k1⊥ k2⊥,k⊥

CS channel probes the quadrupole amplitude QY → Cubic in NY in a quasi-classical approximation in the large-Nc limit. cf. [Dominguez, Kharzeev, Levin, Mueller and Tuchin, PLB710, 182(2012)]

Terminologies for Quarkonium production model

Assume Factorization for Onia production at low p⊥, can be violated in p+A collisions. 1 Improved CEM (ICEM): [Ma, Vogt, PRD94,114029(2016)][Ma, Venugopalan, Zhang, KW, PRC97,014909(2018)] [See Vogt’s talk, Wed 17:50] Z 2m ! 2 dσψ D M dσcc¯ = Fcc¯→ψ dM 0 dy 2 m 2 0 M d p⊥dy mψ ψ dMd p⊥ p = p⊥ ⊥ mψ

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 6 / 18 Terminologies for Quarkonium production model

2 NRQCD: [Kang, Ma, Venugopalan,JHEP1401,056(2014)] dσψ X dσˆ κ D E = cc¯ × Oψ (κ = 2S+1L[c]) 2 2 κ J dydp⊥ κ dydp⊥ |{z} LDMEs dσκ R2 Z cc¯,CS αs π A ϕp,yp (k1⊥) 0 0 κ = NY (k⊥)NY (k⊥)NY (k2⊥ − k⊥ − k⊥) G1 d2 p⊥dy (2π)9d k2 A 0 1⊥ k2⊥,k⊥,k⊥ dσκ R2 Z cc¯,CO αs π A ϕp,yp (k1⊥) κ = NY (k⊥)NY (k2⊥ − k⊥) Γ d2 p dy (2π)7d 2 8 ⊥ A k1⊥ k2⊥,k⊥

CS channel probes the quadrupole amplitude QY → Cubic in NY in a quasi-classical approximation in the large-Nc limit. cf. [Dominguez, Kharzeev, Levin, Mueller and Tuchin, PLB710, 182(2012)]

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 6 / 18 Minimum Bias events

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 7 / 18 Numerical check for D mesons production

p+p p+A 3 10 √ 105 √ (a) pp, s = 7 TeV, |y| < 0.5 (b) pA, s = 5.02 TeV, −0.965 < y < 0.035

102 4 10 BCFY FF. The same b/GeV] b/GeV] µ µ [ [ K-factor in p+p and p+A. [Ma, ⊥ ⊥

dσ 1

dσ 3 dp 10 dp 10 Tribedy, Venugopalan, KW, 1803.11093]

0 ALICE D ALICE D0 + ALICE D (×0.7) ALICE D+ (×0.5) ∗+ ALICE D (×0.2) ALICE D∗+ (×0.1) 100 102 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4 5

p⊥ [GeV] p⊥ [GeV] Rp A at mid Rp A at forward 2 2 √ √ s = 5.02 TeV, −0.965 < y < 0.035 s = 5.02 TeV, 2.5 < y < 4.0

1.5 1.5 [Fujii, KW, NPA920,78(2013) and

1706.06728] See also [Ducloué, Lappi and A A

p 1 p 1 R R Mäntysaari, Nucl.Part.Phys.Proc289-290,

2 2 2 2 Qs0,A = 2Qs0,p Qs0,A = 2Qs0,p 309 (2017)] 0.5 2 2 0.5 2 2 Qs0,A = 3Qs0,p Qs0,A = 3Qs0,p 2 2 2 2 Qs0,A = 4Qs0,p Qs0,A = 4Qs0,p c → D ALICE c → D LHCb 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

p⊥ [GeV] p⊥ [GeV]

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 8 / 18 J/ψ production in the CGC + NRQCD

[Ma, Venugopalan, PRL113,192301(2014)][Ma, Venugopalan, Zhang, PRD92,071901(2015)] p+p p+A

The LDMEs are extracted from high p⊥ data ﬁtting at Tevatron. [Chao, Ma, Shao, Wang and Zhang, PRL108,242004(2012)] hOJ/ψ 1 [8] i ± 3 hOJ/ψ 3 [8] i ± 3 [ S0 ] = 0.089 0.0098GeV , [ S1 ] = 0.0030 0.0012GeV , hOJ/ψ 3 [8] i ± 3 [ P0 ] = 0.0056 0.0021GeV 1 [8] S0 has a large weight. The contribution of CS channel is relatively small.(10% in p+p, 15% − 20% in p+A at small-p⊥)

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 9 / 18 Must be careful about low p⊥ quarkonium production in p+A collisions. Soft color exchange (SCE) between cc¯ and comover spectators can happen at later stage. p The role of SCEs should be enhanced in p+A collisions: 2mψ ≤ Mcc¯ ≤ 2mD − Λ.

Λ: the average momentum kick given by additional A nuclear parton comovers. Factorization breaking eﬀect is small for J/ψ.

J/ψ production in the CGC + ICEM

[Ma, Venugopalan, Zhang, KW, PRC97,014909(2018)] p+p p+A 4 3 10 √ 10 (a) J/ψ, pp s = 13 TeV, 2.5 < y < 4.0 (×200) (a) J/ψ, pA Λ = 0 MeV √ 3 s = 8 TeV, 2.5 < y < 4.0 (×50) √ Λ = 10 MeV 10 √ s = 5.02 TeV s = 7 TeV, 2.5 < y < 4.0 (×10) Λ = 20 MeV √ 2.035 < y < 3.535 Λ = 30 MeV 102 s = 5.02 TeV, 2.5 < y < 4.0 (×2) √ ALICE s = 2.76 TeV, 2.5 < y < 4.0 (×0.7) 1 √ 10 s = 7 TeV, |y| < 0.9 (×0.05) √ b/GeV] s = 0.2 TeV, |y| < 0.35 (×0.05) b/GeV]

µ 0 µ 2

[ √ 10 s = 0.2 TeV, 1.2 < y < 2.4 (×0.02) [ 10 dy dy σ −1 σ 2 10⊥ 2 ⊥ d d dP 10−2 dP

−3 10 2 2 Qs0,A = 2Qs0,p 10−4 0 1 2 3 4 5 101 0 1 2 3 4 5 P⊥ [GeV] P⊥ [GeV]

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 10 / 18 Soft color exchange (SCE) between cc¯ and comover spectators can happen at later stage. p The role of SCEs should be enhanced in p+A collisions: 2mψ ≤ Mcc¯ ≤ 2mD − Λ.

Λ: the average momentum kick given by additional A nuclear parton comovers. Factorization breaking eﬀect is small for J/ψ.

J/ψ production in the CGC + ICEM

µ 0 µ 2

[ √ 10 s = 0.2 TeV, 1.2 < y < 2.4 (×0.02) [ 10 dy dy σ −1 σ 2 10⊥ 2 ⊥ d d dP 10−2 dP

−3 10 2 2 Qs0,A = 2Qs0,p 10−4 0 1 2 3 4 5 101 0 1 2 3 4 5 P⊥ [GeV] P⊥ [GeV] Must be careful about low p⊥ quarkonium production in p+A collisions.

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 10 / 18 J/ψ production in the CGC + ICEM

µ 0 µ 2

[ √ 10 s = 0.2 TeV, 1.2 < y < 2.4 (×0.02) [ 10 dy dy σ −1 σ 2 10⊥ 2 ⊥ d d dP 10−2 dP

−3 10 2 2 Qs0,A = 2Qs0,p 10−4 0 1 2 3 4 5 101 0 1 2 3 4 5 P⊥ [GeV] P⊥ [GeV] Must be careful about low p⊥ quarkonium production in p+A collisions. Soft color exchange (SCE) between cc¯ and comover spectators can happen at later stage. p The role of SCEs should be enhanced in p+A collisions: 2mψ ≤ Mcc¯ ≤ 2mD − Λ.

Λ: the average momentum kick given by additional A nuclear parton comovers. Factorization breaking eﬀect is small for J/ψ.

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 10 / 18 Remarks on ψ(2S) production

p+p p+A 2 2 10 √ 10 (b) ψ(2S), pp s = 13 TeV, 2.5 < y < 4.0 (×25) (b) ψ(2S), pA √ Λ = 0 MeV s = 8 TeV, 2.5 < y < 4.0 (×5) √ Λ = 10 MeV √ s = 5.02 TeV 1 s = 7 TeV, 2.5 < y < 4.0 (×1) Λ = 20 MeV 10 √ s = 0.2 TeV, |y| < 0.35 (×0.5) 2.035 < y < 3.535 Λ = 30 MeV ALICE 100 b/GeV] b/GeV] µ

µ 1 [ [ 10 −1 dy dy σ 10 σ 2 ⊥ 2 ⊥ d d dP dP 10−2

2 2 Qs0,A = 2Qs0,p −3 10 100 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 P⊥ [GeV] P⊥ [GeV]

1.2 √ s = 5.02 TeV ALICE : J/ψ [Ma, Venugopalan, Zhang, KW, PRC97,014909(2018)] 1 2.035 < y < 3.535 ALICE : ψ(2S) J/ψ SCEs between cc¯ and partonic comovers can aﬀect 0.8 greatly ψ(2S) production.

pA 0.6 R Factorization breaking at Λ = O(∆Eψ(2S) ) (Very 0.4 Soft!). → Model dependent. cf. [Ferreiro, PLB749, 98 (2015)] ψ(2S) 0.2 2 2 The comover eﬀect could bring complications for Light : Qs0,A = (1.5 − 2)Qs0,p, Λ = (10 − 20) MeV 2 2 Dark : Qs0,A = (1.5 − 2)Qs0,p, Λ = 15 MeV ψ(2S) production in high multiplicity events. 0 0 1 2 3 4 5

P⊥ [GeV]

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 11 / 18 Remarks on Υ production

102 Υ(1S) CGC: µ = 5 GeV √ CGC: µ = 30 GeV s = 7 TeV, y = 4.25 CGC w/ Sudakov LHCb pp 101 . . . Υ

p [nb/GeV]

p⊥ dy ⊥ 100 Qs dσ/dP p/A

10−1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

P⊥ [GeV]

Two diﬀerent scales in the problem: mΥ p⊥ ΛQCD allows more phase space for gluons shower. ⇒ Sudakov double logs: [Qiu, Sun, Xiao and Yuan, PRD89,034007(2014)][KW, Xiao, PRD92,111502(2015)] ! dσcc¯ c 0 −SSud (M,v⊥) ∝ F.T. x1G x1, DY (x⊥) DY y⊥ e HˆLO d2p⊥dy " v⊥ #

where v⊥ = zx⊥ + (1 − z)y⊥ ∼ (x⊥ + y⊥)/2. cf. [Berger, Qiu and Wang, PRD71, 034007 (2005)][Sun, Yuan and Yuan, PRD88, 054008 (2013)][Qiu and KW, 1710.06928] Parton shower eﬀect is dominant for low-p⊥ Υ production in p+p collisions, however, can be comparable to Saturation eﬀect in p+A collisions. Υ (and B) production in high multiplicity events is not obvious.

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 12 / 18 High multiplicity events

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 13 / 18 Charged hadron multiplicity

10 √ (a) pp, s = 7 TeV, |η| < 1.0 Z 8 dσg α Kˆ d2k s b ⊥ ϕ (k ) ϕ (p − k ) 2 = 3 3 2 p,yp ⊥ A,Y g⊥ ⊥ i d pg⊥ dy (2π) π CF pg⊥ 6 /dη /dη

1 ch ch

Z Z dN dN 4 h dNch Kˆ ch 2 Dh (z) dσg = d p⊥ dz 2 Jy→η 2 dη σinel z d pg⊥ dy 2 w/ KKP FF zmin w/o KKP FF

0 cf. [Kovchegov, Tuchin, PRD65, 074026 (2002)][Blaizot, Gelis and Venugopalan, NPA 0 2 4 6 8 10 2 2 743,13 (2004)][Tribedy, Venugopalan, NPA850, 136 (2011). PLB710, 125 Qsp,0/Q0 (2012)][Albacete, Dumitru, Fujii and Nara, NPA 897, 1 (2013)] 1 √ (a) pp, s = 7 TeV, |η| < 0.3 ↔ 2 b⊥ dependence Qs,0 dependence with S⊥ ﬁxed. h i 2 2 0.8 MB: dNch/ dNch = 1 at Qs,0 = Q0 in p+p and 2 2Q in p+A. [GeV] 0 i h ⊥ p Large Q2 gives High Multiplicity events: h 0.6 s,0 ALICE dNch/hdNchi 1. w/ KKP FF W/o the FF, larger Q2 is required to obtain large s,0 0.4 event activity. Use of the FF mitigates this. 0 10 20 30 40 dNch dη

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 14 / 18 p+A 15 √ (b) pA, s = 5.02 TeV, −0.965 < y < 0.035 Average D0, D+, D∗

10 ALICE 2 < p⊥ < 4 GeV i /dy /dy D D dN dN h 5

0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

dNch/dη

hdNch/dηi |η|<1.0 2 − 2 Qsp,0 = (1 3)Q0 2 Diﬀerent colors: Diﬀerent Qs A,0

Nch dependence of D production using the BCFY FF

p+p 20 √ (a) pp, s = 7 TeV, |y| < 0.5 Average D0, D+, D∗+ 15 ALICE 1 < p⊥ < 2 GeV

i ALICE 2 < p⊥ < 4 GeV /dy /dy

D D 10 dN dN h

0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

dNch/dη

hdNch/dηi |η|<1.0

Q2 ∼ Q2 > Q2 is required. → sp1 sp2 0 Quantum entanglement of the wave functions of gluons in both the projectile and the target. cf. [Dusling and Venugopalan, PRD87, 054014 (2013)]

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 15 / 18 Nch dependence of D production using the BCFY FF

p+p p+A 20 √ 15 √ (a) pp, s = 7 TeV, |y| < 0.5 (b) pA, s = 5.02 TeV, −0.965 < y < 0.035 Average D0, D+, D∗+ Average D0, D+, D∗ 15 ALICE 1 < p < 2 GeV ⊥ 10 ALICE 2 < p⊥ < 4 GeV i i ALICE 2 < p⊥ < 4 GeV /dy /dy /dy /dy D D

D D 10 dN dN dN dN h h 5 5

0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

dNch/dη dNch/dη

hdN /dηi hdNch/dηi |η|<1.0 ch |η|<1.0

Q2 ∼ Q2 > Q2 is required. → Q2 = (1 − 3)Q2 sp1 sp2 0 sp,0 0 Quantum entanglement of the wave Diﬀerent colors: Diﬀerent Q2 functions of gluons in both the s A,0 projectile and the target. cf. [Dusling and Venugopalan, PRD87, 054014 (2013)]

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 15 / 18 New Constraints on NRQCD LDMEs

10 √ pp, s = 7 TeV, |y| < 0.9

8 ICEM 3 [1] κ = S1

i 3 [8] 6 κ = S1 [8] /dy /dy κ = 1S κ κ 0 3 [8]

dN dN κ = PJ

h 4

2 ALICE J/ψ

0 0 1 2 3 4 5

dNch/dη

hdNch/dηi |η|<1.0 3 [8] The S1 state dominates J/ψ production with increasing event activity. Remarkably consistent with the universality requirement from BELLE e+e− data: hOJ/ψ 1 [8] i hOJ/ψ 3 [8] i 2 ± × −2 3 [ S0 ] + 4.0 [ P0 ] /m < 2.0 0.6 10 GeV

[Zhang, Ma, Wang, Chao, PRD81,034015(2010)] 1 [8] Caveat: The S0 is likely to be dominant by comparison with p⊥ spectrum of J/ψ production in p+p and p+A collisions in the CGC+NRQCD.

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 16 / 18 p+A 12 √ (b) pA, s = 5.02 TeV, −1.365 < y < 0.435 10 ALICE

8 i /dy /dy 6 J/ψ J/ψ dN dN h 4

0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

dNch/dη

hdNch/dηi |η|<1.0 2 − 2 Qsp,0 = (1 3)Q0 2 Diﬀerent colors: Diﬀerent Qs A,0

The similar trends are seen for D and J/ψ production. → Hadronization dynamics is irrelevant, rather saturation eﬀect at short distance plays a key role in describing data.

Nch dependence of J/ψ production in the CGC + ICEM

p+p 20 (a) pp, |y| < 0.9

ALICE 7 TeV 15 ALICE 13 TeV (Prelim.)

i CGC 0.5 TeV, |y| < 0.5 CGC 7 TeV /dy /dy 10 CGC 13 TeV J/ψ J/ψ dN dN h

0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

dNch/dη

hdNch/dηi |η|<1.0 √ s-dependence of the ratios are weak! Events at diﬀerent energies with the same Qs are almost identical.

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 17 / 18 The similar trends are seen for D and J/ψ production. → Hadronization dynamics is irrelevant, rather saturation eﬀect at short distance plays a key role in describing data.

Nch dependence of J/ψ production in the CGC + ICEM

p+p p+A 20 12 √ (a) pp, |y| < 0.9 (b) pA, s = 5.02 TeV, −1.365 < y < 0.435 10 ALICE 7 TeV 15 ALICE ALICE 13 TeV (Prelim.)

i CGC 0.5 TeV, |y| < 0.5 8 i CGC 7 TeV /dy /dy CGC 13 TeV /dy /dy 10 6 J/ψ J/ψ J/ψ J/ψ dN dN dN dN h h 4 5 2

0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

dNch/dη dN /dη ch hdNch/dηi |η|<1.0 hdNch/dηi |η|<1.0 √ s-dependence of the ratios are 2 − 2 Qsp,0 = (1 3)Q0 weak! Events at different energies Different colors: Different Q2 with the same Qs are almost identical. s A,0

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 17 / 18 Nch dependence of J/ψ production in the CGC + ICEM

p+p p+A 20 12 √ (a) pp, |y| < 0.9 (b) pA, s = 5.02 TeV, −1.365 < y < 0.435 10 ALICE 7 TeV 15 ALICE ALICE 13 TeV (Prelim.)

i CGC 0.5 TeV, |y| < 0.5 8 i CGC 7 TeV /dy /dy CGC 13 TeV /dy /dy 10 6 J/ψ J/ψ J/ψ J/ψ dN dN dN dN h h 4 5 2

0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

The similar trends are seen for D and J/ψ production. → Hadronization dynamics is irrelevant, rather saturation eﬀect at short distance plays a key role in describing data.

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 17 / 18 Summary

We study event engineered HF and Onium production in high multiplicity p+p and p+A collisions in the CGC framework. Excellent agreement is found between the CGC computations and the LHC data on D and J/ψ production in rare high multiplicity events in p+p and p+A collisions. 1 [8] S0 is likely to be dominant channel for J/ψ production by going through its p⊥ distribution in minimum bias p+p and p+A collisions at RHIC and the LHC. 3 [8] Meanwhile, by considering J/ψ’s total cross section, S1 should be dominant in large event activity.

Nch dependence of ψ(2S), Υ, and Heavy ﬂavor decay lepton are also interesting and in progress.

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 18 / 18 Backup

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 1 / 3 Multiplicity dependence

1 √ (b) pA, s = 5.02 TeV, |η| < 0.3

0.8 [GeV] i h ⊥ p h 0.6 ALICE

0.4 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

dNch dη

2 − 2 Qs p,0 = (1 3)Q0 2 Diﬀerent colors: Diﬀerent Qs A,0

Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 2 / 3 J/ψ vs Nch at forward rapidity

10 √ (a) pp, s = 7 TeV, 2.5 < y < 4.0 ← p+p collisions

8 ALICE 2 Diﬀerent colors: Diﬀerent Qs p1,0 and

i 2 ≥ 2 6 Qs p2,0 Qsp1,0. /dy /dy

J/ψ J/ψ In contrast to mid rapidity, the symmetrical 4 dN dN h treatment; Q2 = Q2 overshoots the s p1,0 sp2,0 2 data slightly in p + p collisions (Dashed line). Data point at dNch/ hdNchi ∼ 4 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 seems to favor the asymmetrical treatment;

dNch/dη 2 2 Qs p ,0 < Qs p ,0. hdNch/dηi |η|<1.0 1 2

6 √ (b) pA, s = 5.02 TeV, 2.035 < y < 3.535

ALICE

4 i ← p+A collisions

/dy /dy 2 J/ψ J/ψ Diﬀerent colors: Diﬀerent Qs A,0. dN dN h 2 2 2 Lower points: Qs p,0 = Q0, Upper points: 2 2 Qs p,0 = 2Q0. 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

dNch/dη

hdNch/dηi |η|<1.0 Kazuhiro Watanabe (Jefferson Lab) HF and Onium production in p+p and p+A collisions Quark Matter 2018, May 16, 2018 3 / 3