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M. Sc Environmental Microbiology Revised 2015 Re-Revised 2019-2020

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M. Sc Environmental Microbiology Revised 2015 Re-Revised 2019-2020 SYLLABUS M. Sc Environmental Microbiology Revised 2015 Re-Revised 2019-2020 Department of Microbiology B. B. Ambedkar Central University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road Lucknow- 226025 Re-revised 2019-20 M.Sc. Environmental Microbiology Department of Microbiology School for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences BBA University, Lucknow Semester I Paper Code Title of Paper Credits Type EM 101/FMT 101/IM 101 Concepts of Microbiology 04 Core EM 102 Microbial Biochemistry 04 Core EM 103/FMT 103/IM 103 Statistics, Genomics and Bioinformatics 04 Core EM 104 Practical 04 Core EM 105 Microbial Ecology 04 Core EM 106 Microbial World – Study and 04 Optional for Applications* CBCS Semester II Paper Code Title of Paper Credits Type EM 201 Analytical Tools and Techniques 04 Core EM 202 Microbial Physiology and Adaptations 04 Core EM 203 Molecular Biology and Microbial Genetics 04 Core EM 204 Practical 04 Core EM 205 Environmental Microbiology in Sustainable 04 Core Development EM Microbial Biotechnology* 04 CBCS 206/FMT 206/IM 206 Semester III Paper Code Title of Paper Credits Type EM 301 Applied Environmental Microbiology and 04 Core Biotransformation EM 302 Advancement in Bioremediation 04 Core EM 303 Food and Industrial Microbiology* 04 Core EM 304 Practical 04 Core EM 305 Microbiology of Agro Environment 04 Core EM 306 Cell biology and Immunology 04 Core Semester IV EM 401 Dissertation Work/ Industrial Training (24 Credits) Paper Code Title of Paper Credits EM 401 Dissertation Work/ Industrial Training 24 Qualifying courses for personality development/foundation courses (MPDC- Master’s in Personality Development Courses): Paper Code Title of Paper Semester Credits MPDC**-105 Remedial Language Course I 01 MPDC**-205 Moral Studies II 01 MPDC**-305 Community Service III 01 MPDC**- 405 Ambedkar Studies IV 01 M.Sc. Environmental Microbiology I Semester EM 101/IM 101/FMT 101 Concepts of Microbiology (04 Credits) Core Unit I History of Microbiology, biogenesis versus abiogenesis theory, germ theory of fermentation, disease, Koch’s postulates, contribution of various researchers to the field of Microbiology, Scope of Microbiology, General structure, distinctive characteristics of protozoa, algae, bacteria, fungi, viruses, bacteriophages-lytic and lysogenic, Microbiology as a Science. Unit II Morphological and Ultrastructure of microbial cell (Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial membrane, spore, pili, flagella), Prokaryotic cellular reserve materials, Microbial growth (physical characters - gaseous atmosphere, pH, other conditions and nutrition- nutritional classification. Culture media: components of media, natural and synthetic media, chemically defined media, complex media, selective, differential and enrichment media. Unit III : Enumeration and preservation of microorganisms, Microbial control-physical and chemical, Aim and principles of classification, systematics and taxonomy, concept of species, taxa, strain; conventional, molecular and recent approaches to polyphasic bacterial taxonomy, evolutionary chronometers, rRNA oligonucleotide sequencing, signature sequences. Unit IV Basic concepts in Soil, air and water Microbiology, Introduction to food, dairy and industrial microbiology, use of various enzymes in industry and environment, GMO’s, GEM’s and use of recombinant DNA technology in Microbiology, regulatory framework for GMO;s in India. EM 102 Microbial Biochemistry (04 Credits) Core Unit I Bioenergetics and strategy of metabolism: flow of energy through biosphere, strategy of energy production in the cell, oxidation reduction reactions, coupled reactions and group transfer, ATP production, structural features of biomembranes, transport, free energy and spontaneity of reaction, G, G0, GꞋ and equilibrium, Physico-chemical properties of water, Handerson-Hasselbalch equation, Dielectric constant, pH and pKa values, buffers. Unit II Classification and structure of carbohydrates and their metabolism (Carbohydrate breakdown pathways), Classification of lipids, structure, function and their metabolism. Unit III Structure, function and classification of amino acids and proteins: peptide bond, primary, secondary (Ramachandran plot), tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins. Structure and function of nucleic acids, their biosynthesis and breakdown. Unit IV Enzymes as biocatalysts, enzyme classification, specificity, active site, activity unit, isozymes. Michaelis-Menten equation for simple enzymes, determination of kinetic parameters, multistep reactions and rate limiting steps, enzyme inhibition, allosterism, kinetic analysis of allosteric enzymes, principles of allosteric regulation. Vitamins and their role as coenzymes. EM 103/IM103/FMT103 IStatistics, Genomics and Bioinformatics (04 Credits) (Optional Paper) Unit I Introduction to statistics: mean, median, mode, standard deviation. Sampling methods – simple, random, stratified, systematic and cluster sampling procedures. Probability distribution, Chi-square test, ‘t’ and ‘f’ test, analysis of variance. Unit II Structural and functional genomics, DNA sequencing, characteristics of bacterial genome, protein level gene expression, concept of metagenome and its importance, techniques to evaluate metagenome, molecular markers, microarrays, DNA chip technology Unit III Software and hardware, operating system, networking system, introduction of programming languages, definitions, role and scope of bioinformatics, different branches of bioinformatics, terminologies, biological databases, INFLiBNET, application of bioinformatics in scientific documentation Unit IV Biological information and databases, databanks, gene banks, accessing information, public domain databases for nucleic acid and protein sequences. Sequence analysis – computational methods, homology algorithms (BLAST) for proteins and nucleic acids, phylogenetic tree construction and analysis. EM 104 Practical (04 Credits) Core 1. To study the principle, working and applications of light microscope, centrifuge, pH meter, hot air oven, autoclave, laminar air flow chamber. 2. To perform simple staining of bacteria and fungi. 3. To perform negative staining of bacteria. 4. To perform Gram staining of bacteria. 5. To perform endospore staining. 6. To check motility by hanging drop method, broth and surface. 7. To prepare basic liquid media (broth) for routine cultivation of bacteria. 8. To prepare basic solid agar media slants for routine cultivation of bacteria. 9. Types of media – differential, selective, synthetic. 10. Isolation and enumeration of microbes from soil sample by serial dilution agar plating method or by viable plate count method. 11. Direct microscopic count. 12. To obtain axenic culture of microbes by streak, spread, pour plate methods. 13. Techniques for preservation of microbial cultures. 14. To preserve microbes by freeze drying (lyophilization). 15. Carbohydrate estimation by Anthrone method. 16. Protein estimation by Lowry’s, Bradford and 17. To plot bacterial growth curve by spectrophotometer. EM 105: MICROBIAL ECOLOGY (04 Credits) Unit 1 Origin of life: A brief history of the physical origin of the Earth, Chemical and Cellular evolution; Microbial Diversification: Consequences for Earth’s Biosphere; Endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotes. Significance of Biogeochemical cycles-Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Sulphur. Unit 2 Microbial Ecology vs. Macroecology, Basic concept of Ecosystem and Biosphere, Concept of habitat and niche, Concept of population growth and community dynamics in microbe, Basic concept of food chain-food web and energy flow; Development of microbial communities: r and k strategies. Unit 3 Physiological ecology of microorganisms: Adaptation to environmental condition, Abiotic growth limiting factors-Leibig’s law of minimum, Shelford law of tolerance. Microbial community succession-biofilm communities. Unit 4 Quantitative Ecology: Microbial diversity, OTU, Diversity indices (Shannon, Shimpson), Alpha and beta diversity, Richness and evenness, Samples and samplings, Concept of culturability, Determination of total and viable microbial number, Molecular analysis of function and diversity of microbial community, Metagenomics and microbiomics. EM 106 Microbial World - Study & Applications (04 Credits) CBCS Unit 1 Microbial world- Monera, Protista. Fungi and Viruses and Archaea, Characteristic features. Application of Microbes for industrial uses, products for human consumption, products for agriculture, roles in environment. Unit 2 Cultivation of microbes in laboratory (bacteria, fungi and viruses), techniques to study microbial cells, microscopy – light, electron, phase contrast Unit 3 Control of microorganisms by physical and chemical methods, preservation of microbes, culture collection centres, biological information and database. Unit 4 Hands on training on principles and working of common equipment of microbiology laboratory, isolation techniques (of microbes), cultivation in laboratory, staining techniques, growth studies. TEXTBOOKS • Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology by Singh and Dwivedi. New Age Int. Sci. Publication. • Environmental Microbiology by Riana. • Microbiology by Prescott, Harley and Klein. TMH Publication. • Brock Biology of Microorganisms. Prentice Hall Publication. • General Microbiology by Stanier. MacMillan Education Ltd. • Environmental Microbiology: Principles and Applications. Patrick K. Jjemba. • Encyclopedia of Environmental Microbiology, 6 Vol. Set. Willey Publication. • Microbial Ecology by Alexander. Willey Publication. • Microbial Diversity: Form and
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