sign in sign up
<<
Home , Microbial biodegradation

SYLLABUS M. Sc Environmental Revised 2015 Re-Revised 2019-2020

Department of Microbiology B. B. Ambedkar Central University, Vidya Vihar, Raibareli Road Lucknow- 226025 Re-revised 2019-20 M.Sc. Environmental Microbiology Department of Microbiology School for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences BBA University, Lucknow Semester I Paper Code Title of Paper Credits Type EM 101/FMT 101/IM 101 Concepts of Microbiology 04 Core EM 102 Microbial 04 Core EM 103/FMT 103/IM 103 Statistics, and 04 Core EM 104 Practical 04 Core EM 105 04 Core EM 106 Microbial World – Study and 04 Optional for Applications* CBCS

Semester II Paper Code Title of Paper Credits Type EM 201 Analytical Tools and Techniques 04 Core EM 202 Microbial Physiology and Adaptations 04 Core EM 203 Molecular and Microbial Genetics 04 Core EM 204 Practical 04 Core EM 205 Environmental Microbiology in Sustainable 04 Core Development EM Microbial * 04 CBCS 206/FMT 206/IM 206

Semester III Paper Code Title of Paper Credits Type EM 301 Applied Environmental Microbiology and 04 Core EM 302 Advancement in 04 Core EM 303 Food and Industrial Microbiology* 04 Core EM 304 Practical 04 Core EM 305 Microbiology of Agro Environment 04 Core EM 306 biology and Immunology 04 Core

Semester IV

EM 401 Dissertation Work/ Industrial Training (24 Credits) Paper Code Title of Paper Credits EM 401 Dissertation Work/ Industrial Training 24

Qualifying courses for personality development/foundation courses (MPDC- Master’s in Personality Development Courses):

Paper Code Title of Paper Semester Credits MPDC**-105 Remedial Language Course I 01 MPDC**-205 Moral Studies II 01 MPDC**-305 Community Service III 01 MPDC**- 405 Ambedkar Studies IV 01 M.Sc. Environmental Microbiology

I Semester

EM 101/IM 101/FMT 101 Concepts of Microbiology (04 Credits) Core

Unit I History of Microbiology, biogenesis versus abiogenesis theory, germ theory of , disease, Koch’s postulates, contribution of various researchers to the field of Microbiology, Scope of Microbiology, General structure, distinctive characteristics of protozoa, algae, , fungi, viruses, bacteriophages-lytic and lysogenic, Microbiology as a Science.

Unit II Morphological and Ultrastructure of microbial cell (Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial membrane, spore, pili, flagella), Prokaryotic cellular reserve materials, Microbial growth (physical characters - gaseous atmosphere, pH, other conditions and nutrition- nutritional classification. Culture media: components of media, natural and synthetic media, chemically defined media, complex media, selective, differential and enrichment media.

Unit III : Enumeration and preservation of , Microbial control-physical and chemical, Aim and principles of classification, systematics and taxonomy, concept of species, taxa, strain; conventional, molecular and recent approaches to polyphasic bacterial taxonomy, evolutionary chronometers, rRNA oligonucleotide sequencing, signature sequences.

Unit IV Basic concepts in Soil, air and water Microbiology, Introduction to food, dairy and industrial microbiology, use of various in industry and environment, GMO’s, GEM’s and use of recombinant DNA technology in Microbiology, regulatory framework for GMO;s in India.

EM 102 Microbial Biochemistry (04 Credits) Core

Unit I Bioenergetics and strategy of metabolism: flow of energy through biosphere, strategy of energy production in the cell, oxidation reduction reactions, coupled reactions and group transfer, ATP production, structural features of biomembranes, transport, free energy and spontaneity of reaction, G, G0, GꞋ and equilibrium, Physico-chemical properties of water, Handerson-Hasselbalch equation, Dielectric constant, pH and pKa values, buffers.

Unit II Classification and structure of carbohydrates and their metabolism (Carbohydrate breakdown pathways), Classification of lipids, structure, function and their metabolism.

Unit III Structure, function and classification of amino acids and : peptide bond, primary, secondary (Ramachandran plot), tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins. Structure and function of nucleic acids, their and breakdown.

Unit IV Enzymes as biocatalysts, classification, specificity, active site, activity unit, isozymes. Michaelis-Menten equation for simple enzymes, determination of kinetic parameters, multistep reactions and rate limiting steps, enzyme inhibition, allosterism, kinetic analysis of allosteric enzymes, principles of allosteric regulation. Vitamins and their role as coenzymes.

EM 103/IM103/FMT103 IStatistics, Genomics and Bioinformatics (04 Credits) (Optional Paper)

Unit I Introduction to statistics: mean, median, mode, standard deviation. Sampling methods – simple, random, stratified, systematic and cluster sampling procedures. Probability distribution, Chi-square test, ‘t’ and ‘f’ test, analysis of variance.

Unit II Structural and functional genomics, DNA sequencing, characteristics of bacterial , level expression, concept of metagenome and its importance, techniques to evaluate metagenome, molecular markers, microarrays, DNA chip technology

Unit III Software and hardware, operating system, networking system, introduction of programming languages, definitions, role and scope of bioinformatics, different branches of bioinformatics, terminologies, biological databases, INFLiBNET, application of bioinformatics in scientific documentation

Unit IV Biological information and databases, databanks, gene banks, accessing information, public domain databases for nucleic acid and protein sequences. Sequence analysis – computational methods, homology algorithms (BLAST) for proteins and nucleic acids, phylogenetic tree construction and analysis.

EM 104 Practical (04 Credits) Core

1. To study the principle, working and applications of light microscope, centrifuge, pH meter, hot air oven, autoclave, laminar air flow chamber. 2. To perform simple staining of bacteria and fungi. 3. To perform negative staining of bacteria. 4. To perform Gram staining of bacteria. 5. To perform endospore staining. 6. To check motility by hanging drop method, broth and surface. 7. To prepare basic liquid media (broth) for routine cultivation of bacteria. 8. To prepare basic solid agar media slants for routine cultivation of bacteria. 9. Types of media – differential, selective, synthetic. 10. Isolation and enumeration of microbes from soil sample by serial dilution agar plating method or by viable plate count method. 11. Direct microscopic count. 12. To obtain axenic culture of microbes by streak, spread, pour plate methods. 13. Techniques for preservation of microbial cultures. 14. To preserve microbes by freeze drying (lyophilization). 15. Carbohydrate estimation by Anthrone method. 16. Protein estimation by Lowry’s, Bradford and 17. To plot bacterial growth curve by spectrophotometer.

EM 105: MICROBIAL ECOLOGY (04 Credits)

Unit 1 Origin of life: A brief history of the physical origin of the Earth, Chemical and Cellular evolution; Microbial Diversification: Consequences for Earth’s Biosphere; Endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotes. Significance of Biogeochemical cycles-Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Sulphur.

Unit 2 Microbial Ecology vs. Macroecology, Basic concept of Ecosystem and Biosphere, Concept of habitat and niche, Concept of population growth and community dynamics in microbe, Basic concept of food chain-food web and energy flow; Development of microbial communities: r and k strategies.

Unit 3 Physiological ecology of microorganisms: Adaptation to environmental condition, Abiotic growth limiting factors-Leibig’s law of minimum, Shelford law of tolerance. Microbial community succession- communities.

Unit 4 Quantitative Ecology: Microbial diversity, OTU, Diversity indices (Shannon, Shimpson), Alpha and beta diversity, Richness and evenness, Samples and samplings, Concept of culturability, Determination of total and viable microbial number, Molecular analysis of function and diversity of microbial community, and microbiomics.

EM 106 Microbial World - Study & Applications (04 Credits) CBCS

Unit 1 Microbial world- Monera, Protista. Fungi and Viruses and , Characteristic features. Application of Microbes for industrial uses, products for human consumption, products for agriculture, roles in environment.

Unit 2 Cultivation of microbes in laboratory (bacteria, fungi and viruses), techniques to study microbial cells, microscopy – light, electron, phase contrast

Unit 3 Control of microorganisms by physical and chemical methods, preservation of microbes, culture collection centres, biological information and database.

Unit 4 Hands on training on principles and working of common equipment of microbiology laboratory, isolation techniques (of microbes), cultivation in laboratory, staining techniques, growth studies.

TEXTBOOKS

• Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology by Singh and Dwivedi. New Age Int. Sci. Publication. • Environmental Microbiology by Riana. • Microbiology by Prescott, Harley and Klein. TMH Publication. • Brock Biology of Microorganisms. Prentice Hall Publication. • General Microbiology by Stanier. MacMillan Education Ltd. • Environmental Microbiology: Principles and Applications. Patrick K. Jjemba. • Encyclopedia of Environmental Microbiology, 6 Vol. Set. Willey Publication. • Microbial Ecology by Alexander. Willey Publication. • Microbial Diversity: Form and Function of Prokaryotes. Wiley Blackwell Publication. • Principles of Biochemistry by Lehninger. • Statistics for Biologists by Campbell R C. Cambridge University Press. • Statistics in Biology by Bliss C I K. MGH Publication. • Bioinformatics by Higgins and Taylor. • Introduction to Bioinformatics by Arther M Lesk. Oxford Publication. • Biodiversity and Environmental Biotechnology by Dwivedi and M C Kalita. Scientific Publication. • Experiments in Microbiology, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology by K R Aneja. New Age Publication. • Laboratory Exercise in Microbiology by Prescott and Harley. MGH Publication. • Media Used for Environmental Microbiology by Ronald and Atlas. Taylor and Francis Publication. • Bioinformatics, Higgins and Taylor, OUP.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. by John Carter. Wiley Publication. 2. Livero Microbial Ecology of Aerial Plant Surface. CABI International. 3. Fungal Biology, Jim Deacon. Wiley Publication. 4. The Fungi. M. Charlie. Academic Press. 5. Microbial Diversity: Form and Function in Prokaryotes. Wiley-Blackwell. 6. Alexander Introduction to . Wiley Publication.

II Semester

EM 201 Analytical Tools and Techniques (04 Credits) Core

Unit I Micrometry, Microscopy techniques: Simple, Phase contrast, Fluorescence, Electron and Confocal Microscopes. Principle and applications of electrophoresis, PAGE, SDS-PAGE, 2D, PFGE. Application of microbial techniques: Creation of genetic mutants, and expression of , protein purification and characterization of recombinant proteins using, SDS PAGE, IEF, 2D gel electrophoresis, Mass spectrometry, ELISA, Western blotting, ELISPOT.

Unit II Principles and applications of and ultracentrifugation. : paper, Thin-layer and Column Chromatography, gas chromatography (GC) and HPLC, basic concepts of IR and NMR.

Unit III Electromagnetic spectrum, Beer Lambert’s law, Extinction coefficient, Principles and application of UV-Visible spectrophotometer, UV-VIS Spectrofluorimeter, ESR, Atomic absorption spectrophotometer, Radio-tracer technique, autoradiography, basic concepts of MALDI TOF and ESMS.

Unit IV Principle and working PCR and its variants, DNA sequencing, Working and applications of RFLP, RAPD, ARDRA, DGGE, TGGE Application of microbial techniques: creation of genetic mutants, cloning and expression of genes. ELISA, Western blotting and ELISPOT technique, principal and their application

EM 202 Microbial Physiology and Adaptations (04 Credits) Core

Unit I Bacterial photosynthesis: oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis, photosystems and electron transport system, photophosphorylation, photorespiration

Unit II Extremophiles – thermophiles, psychrophiles, osmophiles (halophiles, saccharophiles), acidophiles, alkalophiles, barophiles, xerophiles. Physiology and metabolism of archaea.

Unit III Concept of stress and stress tolerance, signaling molecules and signal transducing machinery in microbial system. Transmitter and receiver proteins. Concept of free radicals.

Unit IV Nature and effects of temperature and oxidative stresses. Effect of UV radiations on microorganisms, UV induced damage to microorganisms, photo repair, dark repair and SOS inducible repair mechanisms against UV induced damage.

EM 203 and Microbial Genetics (04 Credits) Optional

Unit I Genes, genome organization, C-value paradox, cot analysis, repetitive DNA, circular and superhelical DNA, central dogma, concept and properties of genetic code, DNA replication.

Unit II Mutation: types of mutation, molecular basis of mutagenesis, genetic analysis of mutants, mutant reversion, transposons. Gene regulation: positive and negative control, operon concept- induction, repression, attenuation, regulon, global regulatory network.

Unit III Genetic recombination: restriction and modification, types of recombination- transformation, conjugation, transduction.

Unit IV , construction of genomic libraries. Application of recombinant DNA technique, amplification of recombinant DNA, DNA finger printing, gene mapping. Thermostable enzymes: Taq and Pfu.

EM 204 Practical (04 Credits) Core 1. To study the microscopic techniques (fluorescence, phase contrast) 2. Micrometry for analysis of microbial cells. 3. To learn the chromatographic techniques (TLC/ HPLC/ GC) 4. To learn techniques of spectrophotometry (UV-VIS/ AAS) 5. To learn the molecular techniques for identification of microbes. 6. To demonstrate the oxygenic photosynthesis by algae/ blue green algae. 7. To determine the membrane transport of nutrients in the given organism. 8. Calculation of mutation frequency in microbes after mutagenesis. 9. Extraction and separation of DNA by agarose gel electrophoresis. 10. Estimation of lipid per oxidation in under oxidative stress. 11. Protein gel electrophoresis for separation of proteins. 12. Selective enrichment techniques for isolation of auxotrophs. 13. Isolation of extremophiles by selective techniques. 14. Demonstration of stress enzymes/ proteins from extremophiles.

TEXTBOOKS

1. Bacterial Stress Responses, Blackwell Publishing. 2. Biotechnology 2, Biotechnology 4 by S Mahesh and A B Vedamurthy, New Age Publication. 3. Bensons Microbiology Application by Alfred E Brown. MGH Publication. 4. Microbial Physiology by Moat and Foster. Wiley-Liss Publication. 5. Fundamental Bacterial Genetics by Nancy Trun and Janine Trempy. 6. Microbial Ecology by Atlas and Bartha 7. Microbial Genetics, Stanley Narosa Publication. 8. Genetics by T A Brown, Bios Scientific Publication. 9. Gene IX by Benjamin Lewin Pearson, Prentice Hall Publication. 10. Molecular Cell Biology, W H Freeman

REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Medical Microbiology by R Pajarathinam. New Age Publication. Cell Biology by Lodish. W H Freeman Publication. 2. Cell and Molecular Biology by Bruce Albert. 3. Extremophiles, Springer Verlag

EM 205 Environmental Microbiology in Sustainable Development (04 Credits)

Unit I Plant Growth Promotory Rhizobacteria and their metabolites. Mechanism of action for biotic and abiotic stress management Biological Nitrogen Fixation, Biochemistry of nitrogen fixation-nitrogensae, ammonia assimilation and transport, physiological aspects of nitrogen fixation, nodulation-early and late events, molecular biology of nitrogenase activity Unit II Biofertilizers – history of biofertilizers, sources of nitrogen and the importance of biofertilizers, description and characteristics of biofertilizers-Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Blue Green Algae, Azolla, Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, VAM) Biofertilizer production technology-strain selection, sterilization, growth and fermentation, standards and quality control, biofertilizer application technology, constraints in the commercialization of biofertilizer technology

Unit III Microbial services in green house gases mitigation, natural resource management and restoration ecology. Microbial ecology of green house gas (methane) producing and consuming bacteria from different ecosystems. Impact of different environmental drivers on ecologically beneficial microbial community and their biomass. Beneficial microbial services in wasteland reclamation and restoration of marginal lands. Microbial biomass as soil fertility index of different agriculture and forest ecosystems. Unit-IV: Influence of land use change (LUC) on ecosystem services and agro-environmental sustainability. Microbial responses to landscape dynamics. Landscape changes on soil N status, climate system, carbon sequestration and GHG problems. Impact of LUC on dynamics of important soil . Impact of crop residues burning on soil fertility and agriculturally important microbes References 1. Soil Microbiology: Soil Microorganisms and Plant Growth by NS Subba Rao 2. Recent Advances in Plant Biochemistry by SL Mehta, ML Lodha and PV Sane

EM-206/FMT 206/IM 206 : Microbial Biotechnology (CBCS) Credits 04

Unit 1: Microbial biotechnology: Scope and its applications in human therapeutics, agriculture (Bio- fertilizers, PGPR, Mycorrhizae), environmental, and food technology, Use of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms in biotechnological applications , Genetically engineered microbes for industrial applications: Bacteria and yeast

Unit 2: Recombinant microbial production processes in pharmaceutical industries - Streptokinase, recombinant vaccines (Hepatitis B vaccine) , Microbial polysaccharides and polyesters , Microbial production of bio-pesticides, Microbial , Composting-definition, types and processes

Unit 3: Degradation of , biomining-mineral recovery, removal of heavy metals from effluents, of recalcitrant compounds, Microbial based accumulation Biotransformation of steroids

Unit 4: Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, Bio-ethanol and bio-diesel production: commercial production from lignocellulosic waste; Algal biomass for fuel; Biogas production: Methane and hydrogen production using microbial culture .

Suggested books/references

➢ Microbial Biotechnology by Glazer AN & Nikaido H., 2nd Ed., Cambridge University Press, 2007 ➢ Molecular Biotechnology by Glick BR, Pasternak JJ & Patten CL, Ed. IV, ASM Press, 2010 ➢ Biotechnology: A text Book of Industrial Microbiology by Crueger W, Crueger A, 2nd Ed., Sinauer associates, Inc.1990.

III Semester

EM 301 Applied Environmental Microbiology and Biotransformation (04 Credits)

Unit I: Limnology, factors governing microflora and their distribution in natural water, Microbiology of oceans. Municipal treatment of drinking water. Water and its sources. Role of organic in water, concepts of C-BOD, N-BOD and COD, Oxygen-sag curve.

Unit II: Treatment of waste water by aerobic and anaerobic process-Septic tank, Imhoff tanks, Activated Sludge in detail including process, microbiology, loading parameters, , Trickling filters including types of media, microbiology, advantages etc. in detail,, Biodiscs, Oxidation ponds, Different types of lagoons.

Water borne diseases and pollution, Biomonitors of environmental .

Unit-III: Air Microbiology-Air borne diseases, Methods for air microflora studies Particulate matters, PAH, Fog and smog, Determination of LD50, Ames test to determine the genotoxicity of toxicants.

Unit IV: Biotransformation of Steroids and Antibiotics, pros and cons of biotransformation; Desulphurisation of coal

Biodeterioration of wood, paints, pharmaceutical products, leather and leather products

EM 302 Advancement in Bioremediation (04 Credits)

Unit I - Concept, principal and mechanism of bioremediation acclimatization, detoxification, transformation, degradation, mineralization, co-metaboilsm, metabolism, biostimulation, bioaugmentation

Unit II - Factors affecting bioremediation, nature of pollutants, bioavailability of pollutants, production of bioremediation metabolites and intermediates, Growth kinetics of organisms.

Unit III – In situ and Ex situ bioremediation technology detection of microbial community and metagenomics of polluted sites, Alpha, beta and gamma biodiversity, Phytoremediation, Bioventing, Biosparging. Restoration of ground water, oil spills, Commercialization of bioremediation technology.

Unit IV: Bioremediation of metals , bioleaching, biosoption and bioaccumulation of metals from solid and liquid waste. Biodegradation and biotransformation of Xenobiotics including pesticides, chlorinated and nitrated aromatic compounds, phenolic compounds, polycyclic aromatic compounds. Enzymes and metabolic pathways of degradation of compounds.

EM 303 Food and Industrial Microbiology (04 Credits)

Unit I Bioprocess technology: , types of fermenters – basic, continuous, anaerobic solid state and submerged , scaling up, strategies for selection and improvement of industrially important strains, downstream processing.

Unit II Production of citric acid, acetic acid, alcohol – beverages and industrial, enzymes - curd, bakery products and vinegar, Biopolymers – xanthan gum and PHA’s (bioplastics),

Unit III Production of antibiotics – penicillin, streptomycin, production of vitamins (A, B), recombinant proteins, immobilization of microbial cells/ enzymes.

Unit IV Fermented foods – cheese and dairy products, fermented vegetables and meats, fermented oriental foods. Food spoiling microorganisms, food borne infections and intoxications, preventive measures, food control agencies and regulations.

EM 304 Practicals (04 credits)

1. Estimation of microbial flora on seeds. 2. To determine the food quality and its deterioration by measuring the microbial population. 3. To determine the MIC of given antibiotic (streptomycin) by observing its effect on bacterial culture. 4. To prepare the selective and differential (EMB) medium. 5. Isolation of E. coli from sewage water samples with the help of EMB agar medium. 6. To determine the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in given water sample. 7. Quantitative estimation of nitrate in given water sample. 8. To determine the amount of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) present in given water sample. 9. To determine the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) of given waste water sample. 10. To determine the blood group and Rh factor by serum agglutination test. 11. Isolation of symbiotic Rhizobium from plant root nodules. 12. Isolation of symbiotic Anabaena/ Nostoc from gymnospermic plant roots. 13. Isolation of aquatic fungi by baiting technique. 14. Estimation of ethanol production by microbial fermentation. 15. Measurement of toxicity of metals and pesticide to microorganisms for determination of LD50. 16. Cultivation of mushroom on agro biomass. 17. Immobilization of microbial cells for biotransformation of industrial products. 18. To check the phenomenon of antagonism by dual culture technique. 19. To isolate phosphate solubilizing microorganisms. 20. To check the nitrogenase activity by AR assay.

EM 305 Microbiology of Agro Environment (04 Credits)

Unit I Ethanol fermentation, agro and forest-feedstocks to fermentable sugars, sugars to ethanol (yeasts, range, substrate utilization), Ethanol tolerance, flocculation and cell recycle, stillages.

Unit II Alternative ethanol producing organism-Zymomonas mobilis (Carbohydrate utilization, ED pathway used by the organism, its tolerance to ethanol); Clostridial fermentations.

Unit III Single cell protein, mycoprotein, rDNA technology and its application in Agriculture, Environment and healthcare, GMO’s and GEM’s- Role of Agrobacterium, Ti , transgenic crops, issues related to transgenic organisms,

Unit IV Degradation of lignocellulosic waste, Biocomposting-different methods, conditions, different types of compost, conditions for production of compost, Leaching of metal from ores-Bioleaching, organisms involved and their usage.

EM/IM/FMT 306 Cell Biology and Immunology (04 Credits)

Unit 1 : Plasma membrane: Structure and transport of small molecules. Cell Wall: Eukaryotic cell wall, Extracellular matrix and cell matrix interactions, Cell-Cell Interactions - adhesion junctions, tight junctions, gap junctions, Mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes. Cytoskeleton: Structure and organization of actin filaments, association of actin filaments with plasma membrane, microtubules.Nuclear envelope, nuclear pore complex and nuclear lamina. Chromatin – Molecular organization. Nucleolus.

Unit 2 : Endoplasmic Reticulum – Structure, targeting and insertion of proteins in the ER, protein folding, processing and quality control in ER, smooth ER and lipid synthesis, export of proteins and lipids Golgi Apparatus – Organization, protein glycosylation, protein sorting and export from Golgi Apparatus.

Unit 3: Concept of Innate and Adaptive immunity; Contributions of following scientists to the development of field of immunology. Structure, Functions and Properties of: Immune Cells and Immune Organs. Characteristics of an antigen (Foreignness, Molecular size and Heterogeneity); Haptens; Epitopes (T & B cell epitopes); Structure, Types, Functions and Properties of antibodies, Monoclonal Ab,

Unit 4: Primary and Secondary Immune Response; Generation of Humoral Immune Response (Plasma and Memory cells); Generation of Cell Mediated Immune Response (Self MHC restriction, T cell activation, Co- stimulatory signals); Killing Mechanisms by CTL and NK cells, Introduction to tolerance. Immune diseases.

TEXTBOOKS

1. Waste Water Microbiology by Garbiel, Bitton. Wiley Publication. 2. Biopesticides: A Biotechnical Approach by S R Joshi. New Age Publication. 3. Microbial Ecology by Atlas and Bartha. 4. Soil Organic Matter and Biological Activity. Martinus Nigholf W Junk Publisher. 5. Introduction to Environmental Microbiology by Michel Wiley Liss Publication. 6. Advances in Microbial Ecology. K C Marcell, Plenum Press. 7. Textbook of Microbiology by Paniker. Orient Longman Publication. 8. Immunology by Nandini Shetty. New Age Publication. 9. Immunology by Kuby. W H Freeman Publication. 10. Immunology. Garland Publication. 11. Bioremediation by Baker. MGH Publication. 12. Toxicological Chemistry by Stanley E Manahan. Lewis Publication. 13. Textbook of Modern Toxicology by Ernest Hodgon. Wiley Interscience Publication. 14. Biotechnology for Waste Water and Waste Water Treatment, Prentice Hall of India 15. Modern Food Microbiology by James M Jay, Anaspen Publication. 16. Food Microbiology, Frazier, TMH Publication. 17. Food Microbiology by M R Adams, New Age Publication. 18. Food Fermentation and Microorganism, Wiley Publication. 19. Industrial Microbiology by L E Casida, New Age Publication. 20. Biogas Technology by B T Nijaguna, New Age Publication. 21. Microbial Biodegradation: Genomics and Molecular Biology, Caister Academic Press. 22. Bioremediation: Applied Microbial Solutions for Real-World Environmental Cleanup. R M Atlas and J Cphilp Eds.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Waste Water Engineering by Metcalf and Eddy. MGH Publication. 2. Plant Microbe Symbiosis: Fundamentals and Advances, Springer 3. Plant Microbes Symbiosis: Applied Facets, Springer 4. In Situ Bioremediation: When Does It Work? National Academics. 5. Drinking Water and Health. Vol 6. National Academics. 6. Indicator of Waterborne Pathogen. National Academics. 7. Classifying Drinking Water Contaminant for Regulatory Consideration. National Academics. 8. Bacterial , Springer Publication.

IV Semester

EM 401 Dissertation Work (24 Credit)

Qualifying courses for personality development/foundation courses (MPDC- Master’s in Personality Development Courses): Paper Code Title of Paper Semester Credits

MPDC**-105 Remedial Language Course I 01

MPDC**-205 Moral Studies II 01

MPDC**-305 Community Service III 01

MPDC**- 405 Ambedkar Studies IV 01

* Papers are qualifying papers and audit course