Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities
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Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities Volume I, Number 2 Summer/Fall 2011 Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities A Navy Medicine Publication Published by the Navy Medicine Institute for the Medical Humanities and Research Leadership, USN Bureau of Medicine and Surgery in partnership with the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities Volume I, Number 2, 2011 The Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities General Information In cooperation with the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, The Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities is published by the Navy Medicine Institute for the Medical Humanities and Research Leadership, USN Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington, DC, USA. As an agency of Navy Medicine, the Institute supports the mission of the Navy Surgeon General and Navy Medicine itself for force health protection and readiness. The Institute is dedicated to the academic enrichment and professional development of Navy Medicine leaders and their collaborators in other federal agencies, in institutions of higher learning, and in private agencies around the world. Representing all of the arts and sciences related to healthcare, the Institute serves as an international academy serving Navy Medicine by enriching its mission of scholarship and innovation in systems healthcare and professional excellence on behalf of the public trust. ISSN (print): 2159-8800. ISSN (online): 2159-8819. Correspondence Manuscripts are to be submitted to the Editor. Submission of a manuscript is considered to be a representation that it is not copyrighted, previously published, or concurrently under consideration for publishing in print or electronic form. Contact the JHSH Editor for specific information for authors, templates, and new material. The preferred communication route is through email at [email protected]. To obtain copies, individuals may email the Journal Executive Leadership at [email protected] or call (202) 762-3817. Journal issues are available for download from the Navy Medicine Veterans and Alumni Association. Copyright Information As a federally funded publication, the Journal is in the public domain. All material in the Journal that is subject to copyright may be reproduced only for limited non-commercial educational purposes with the written permission of the author and with appropriate credit. Opinions expressed in the Journal represent the opinions of the authors and do not reflect official policy of the Department of the Navy, the Smithsonian Institution, or the US Government. Papers prepared by employees of the US Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted. Photos: Courtesy of U.S. Navy Volume I, Number 2, 2011 Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities 2011 Journal Editorial Board Executive Leadership and Board Members Chancellor, Navy Medicine Institute VADM Adam M. Robinson, Jr., MC, USN Surgeon General of the Navy Vice Chancellor, Navy Medicine Institute RADM Karen Flaherty, SHCE, USN Deputy Surgeon General of the Navy Deputy Vice Chancellor, Navy Medicine Institute General Editor Edward F. Gabriele, DMin Senior Associate Editor Bruce Boynton, MD Assistant Senior Associate Editor Mary Adams, MTS Senior Advisors Associate Editors Jan Herman, MA José A. Acosta, MD, MBA, FACS Elizabeth Holmes, PhD, ABPP Shaun Baker, PhD Office of Counsel Charmagne Beckett, MD Salvatore Maida, JD, LLM, MBA Brett Cook, JD Michael Cowan, MD Public Affairs Officer Clementine Fujimura, PhD Joseph Surette, MA, APR Lisa Gleason, MD Development Officer Christine Kasper, PhD L. Edward Antosek, DO, MPH Patricia Kelley, PhD, RN Administrative Officer/Manager John Sanders, MD André B. Sobocinski Lorenzo York, DMin Academic Review Committee John Howe, MD Eric Elster, MD, Chair Michele C. Huddleston, MS, RN Stephanie Ghadimi, ARC Assistant Rahul Jindal, MD, PhD, FACS, FRCS Linda Kimsey, PhD Members David Langley, PhD Ibrahim Adib, MD, MPH Scott Miller, PhD Angelica Almonte, PhD, RN Michael Naughton, PhD Lyndsay Baines, PhD Paul Ndebele, PhD Coleman Bryan, MD, MSPH Michael Owen, PhD Vaughan Caines, MSc Scott Pyne, MD Bruce Cohen, MD, MPH, FAAFP James Rapley, MD Mary Pat Couig, MPH, RN, FAAN James Ragain, DDS, PhD, FICD, FACD Marlene DeMaio, MD Ann-Marie Regan, MSOM Mill Etienne, MD Jason Robert, PhD Joseph Ford, MSW, LCSW Thomas Roberts, EdD James Giordano, PhD Shelia Robertson, MDiv Brent Glass, PhD Shawn Safford, MD Exnevia Gomo, PhD Fabian Sandoval, MD Eric Hall, PhD Elizabeth K Satter, MD Anne Harding Catherine Schempp, RN, PhD David Harlan, MD J. Michael Slocum, JD Jason Higginson, MD Dale Smith, PhD (cont.) Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities Volume I, No. 2, 2011 1 The Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities Members (cont.) Darlene Gilson Bruce Steinert, PhD, CCRA Mary I. Greenwood Gabe Tan, MSc Anita Hartmann, PhD Pam Vargas, MBA Richard T. Higdon, PhD (cand) Michael Whitecar, MIS Linda Kimsey, PhD Richard Wilkerson, PhD Deirdre A. Krause, PhD Julie Zadinsky, RN, PhD Michael J. Krentz, MD, MPH Jeb Kucik, MD Manuscript Editing Committee Jennifer Morgan-Shambrook, PhD Carol Parsons, PhD, Interim Chair Eric C. Nastasi, Esq. Michael Payne, PhD Members Scott Pugh, MD Tim Atkinson, EdD Debra Schaller-Demers, MSOM Linnea Axman, DrPH Ashley A. Schroeder, MD Ben J. Balough, MD Jessie R. Tate, DMin (cand.) Jere M. Boyer, PhD Stephen Tela, PhD Bruce A. Cohen, MD Marianne Ward, BS, CRA Philip A. Cola, MA Eric Wester, MDiv Kendall Egan, MD Leslie Adams Wimsatt, PhD Mark Flores, MBA Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press Published in cooperation with the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. http://www.scholarlypress.si.edu/ ® Prepared by Graphic Arts and Publishing Services at The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. 2 Volume I, No. 2, 2011 Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities Table of Contents Contributing Authors……………………………………….………...….……...…5 Introduction From the Editor’s Desk…………………………………………………..……...…11 Edward F. Gabriele Prelude The Patient and Family-Centered Care Philosophy: First Principles and Core Values…………………………………..….….…….…15 VADM Adam M. Robinson, Jr. Articles A Case Study for Ethical Decision Making: Disabling the Defibrillator…….…31 Elizabeth K. Holmes, Shaun Baker, Rose Ciccarelli, Keshav R. Nayak A Pilot Investigation Evaluating Physiological and Psychological Stress Measurements in Patients Presenting for Elective Surgical Procedures ….…39 Dennis Spence, Joe McBeain, Jason Guzman, Elizabeth Roucek, John Maye Identifying Causes of Change in Cancer Trends Among HIV-Infected Patients .…………………………………………………………...…54 Robert H. Riffenburgh, Nancy F. Crum-Cianflone Soldier Spirituality in a Combat Zone and Preliminary Findings about Correlations with Ethics and Resilience....……………………………........……67 Franklin Eric Wester Assessment of Formal Trauma Training in the Dominican Republic as Part of an Ongoing International Humanitarian Mission.………………………92 Guillermo A. Navarro, Michael Owens, Todd Parker, Veronica Rios Using Social Network Analysis to Assess Collaboration in Health Research……………….……………………………………………………99 Jenny Godley, Gary Barron, Arya M. Sharma Young Scholars’ Corner Reflections on Our Inaugural Year as Clinical Ethicists....……………………119 Laurie Hardingham, Karen Faith, Dianne Godkin, Paula Chidwick Reports and Reviews Using Virtual World Journalism for Health Education .……………….………127 Joshua S. Fouts Educating Physicians: A Call for Reform of Medical School and Residency (2010) …………………………………………………………………141 Corry Jeb Kucik Postlude A Maturing Vision for the 21st Century…………………………………………149 Patrick H. DeLeon, Jacqueline D. Rychnovsky, Christopher M. Culp Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities Volume I, No. 2, 2011 3 In This Edition Contributing Authors Shaun Baker, PhD is Assistant Director of the VADM Stockdale Center for Ethical Leadership at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. Dr. Baker is nationally regarded as a winning coach for the USNA Ethics Debate Team. He teaches both introductory philosophy and film in philosophy courses. His creativity is evidenced as the innovative webmaster of the Stockdale Center site. Gary Barron, BA, BSc is currently completing the requirements for a master’s degree in Sociology at the University of Calgary, and has been accepted at the University of Alberta to undertake a PhD. He holds a Canadian Institutes of Health Research award for his master’s research, and has received a number of other awards for outstanding academic performance. He has worked for the Alberta Government on a number of health-related and knowledge translation projects. Paula Chidwick, PhD is the Director Clinical & Corporate Ethics and Ethicist at William Osler Health System in Brampton, Ontario, Canada. She specialized in Bioethics at the University of Guelph and did a Fellowship at the University of Toronto Joint Centre for Bioethics. Dr. Chidwick has served on the Canadian Bioethics Society Executive, Health Canada’s Scientific and Expert Advisory Panels. She currently serves on the Ministry of Health Critical Care Coaching Team. Rose Ciccarelli, MA is the writer and editor for the VADM Stockdale Center for Ethical Leadership at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. Her instructional design background has enhanced her numerous academic achievements, which includes work on films, plays, books, newsletters, and journal publications. Nancy Crum-Cianflone, MD, MPH is an Infectious