Nobel Laureates’ Statement to Climate Summit World Leaders: Stop Fossil Fuel Expansion

As Nobel Laureates from peace, literature, medicine, physics, chemistry and economic sciences, and like so many people around the globe, we are seized by the great moral issue of our time: the climate crisis and commensurate destruction of nature.

Climate change is threatening hundreds of millions of lives, livelihoods across every continent and is putting thousands of species at risk. The burning of fossil fuels – coal, oil, and gas – is by far the major contributor to climate change.

We write today, on the eve of Earth Day 2021 and the Leaders’ Climate Summit, hosted by President Biden, to urge you to act now to avoid a climate catastrophe by stopping the expansion of oil, gas and coal.

We welcome President Biden and the US government’s acknowledgement in the Executive Order that “Together, we must listen to science and meet the moment.” Indeed, meeting the moment requires responses to the climate crisis that will define legacies. Qualifications for being on the right side of history are clear.

For far too long, governments have lagged, shockingly, behind what science demands and what a growing and powerful people-powered movement knows: urgent action is needed to end the expansions of fossil fuel production; phase out current production; and invest in renewable energy.

The burning of fossil fuels is responsible for almost 80% of carbon dioxide emissions since the industrial revolution. In addition to being the leading source of emissions, there are local pollution, environmental and health costs associated with extracting, refining, transporting and burning fossil fuels. These costs are often paid by Indigenous peoples and marginalized communities. Egregious industry practices have led to human rights violations and a fossil fuel system that has left billions of people across the globe without sufficient energy to lead lives of dignity.

For both people and the planet, continued support must be given to tackling climate change through the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Paris Agreement. Failure to meet the Paris Agreement’s temperature limit of 1.5°C risks pushing the world towards catastrophic global warming.

Yet, the Paris Agreement has no mention of oil, gas or coal. Meanwhile, the fossil fuel industry continues to plan new projects. Banks continue to fund new projects. According to the most recent United Nations Environment Programme report, 120% more coal, oil, and gas will be produced by 2030 than is consistent with limiting warming to 1.5°C. Efforts to meet the Paris Agreement and to reduce demand for fossil fuels will be undermined if supply continues to grow.

The solution is clear: fossil fuels must be kept in the ground.

Leaders, not industry, hold the power and have the moral responsibility to take bold actions to address this crisis. We call on world leaders to work together in a spirit of international cooperation to:

● End new expansion of oil, gas and coal production in line with the best available science as outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and United Nations Environment Program; ● Phase out existing production of oil, gas and coal in a manner that is fair and equitable, taking into account the responsibilities of countries for climate change and their respective dependency on fossil fuels, and capacity to transition; ● Invest in a transformational plan to ensure 100% access to renewable energy globally, support dependent economies to diversify away from fossil fuels, and enable people and communities across the globe to flourish through a global just transition.

Fossil fuels are the greatest contributor to climate change. Allowing the continued expansion of this industry is unconscionable. The fossil fuel system is global and requires a global solution – a solution the Leaders’ Climate Summit must work towards. And the first step is to keep fossil fuels in the ground.

Signatories

His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama, Nobel Peace Prize, 1989 Jody Williams, International Campaign to Ban Landmines, Nobel Peace Prize, 1997 Juan Manuel Santos, Former President of Colombia, Nobel Peace Prize, 2016 Tawakkol Karman, Women Journalists Without Chains, Nobel Peace Prize, 2011 Mairead Corrigan-Maguire, Northern Ireland Peace Movement, Nobel Peace Prize, 1976 Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, Argentinian Human rights leader, Nobel Peace Prize, 1980 Rigoberta Menchú Tum, K’iche’ Guatemalan human rights activist, Nobel Peace Prize, 1992 José Manuel Ramos-Horta, Former President of East Timor, Nobel Peace Prize, 1996 Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo, East Timorese Roman Catholic Bishop, Nobel Peace Prize, 1996 Shirin Ebadi, Iran's first female judge, Nobel Peace Prize, 2003 Leymah Roberta Gbowee, Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace, Nobel Peace Prize, 2011 Kailash Satyarthi, Bachpan Bachao Andolan, Nobel Peace Prize, 2014 Denis Mukwege, Founder, Panzi Hospital, Bukavu, Nobel Peace Prize, 2018 Muhammad Yunus, Founder of Grameen Bank, Nobel Peace Prize, 2006 Paul Berg, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1980 Thomas R. Cech, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1989 Martin Chalfie, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2008 Aaron Ciechanover, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2004 Richard R. Ernst, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1991 Joachim Frank, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2017 Walter Gilbert, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1980 Richard Henderson, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2017 Dudley R. Herschbach, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1986 Avram Hershko, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2004 Roald Hoffmann, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1981 Brian K. Kobilka, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2012 Roger D. Kornberg, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2006 Yuan T. Lee, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1986 Robert J. Lefkowitz, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2012 Michael Levitt, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2013 Rudolph A. Marcus, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1992 Hartmut Michel, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1988 George P. Smith, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2018 Sir James Fraser Stoddart, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2016 Frances H. Arnold, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2018 Johann Deisenhofer, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1988 Roderick MacKinnon, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2003 William E. Moerner, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2014 Richard R. Schrock, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2005 Sir John E. Walker, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1997 Kurt Wüthrich, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2002 Oliver Hart, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2016 Eric S. Maskin, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2007 Edmund S. Phelps, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2006 Robert F. Engle III, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2003 Paul R. Milgrom, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2020 Christopher A. Pissarides, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2010 Wole Soyinka, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 1986 Elfriede Jelinek, Nobel Prize in Literature, 2005 Harvey J. Alter, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2020 Elizabeth H. Blackburn, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2009 Mario R. Capecchi, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2007 Peter C. Doherty, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1996 Andrew Z. Fire, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2006 Carol W. Greider, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2009 Jeffrey Connor Hall, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2017 Leland H. Hartwell, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2001 Tim Hunt, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2001 Louis J. Ignarro, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1998 Sir Richard J. Roberts, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1993 Gregg L. Semenza, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2019 Thomas C. Sudhof, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2013 Jack W. Szostak, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2009 J. Robin Warren, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2005 Torsten N. Wiesel, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1981 William C. Campbell, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2015 Harald zur Hausen, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2008 H. Robert Horvitz, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2002 William G. Kaelin Jr., Nobel Prize in Physics, 2019 Eric R. Kandel, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2000 Edvard Moser, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 May-Britt Moser, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 John O'Keefe, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 Yoshinori Ohsumi, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2016 Charles M. Rice, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2020 Hamilton O. Smith, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1978 Susumu Tonegawa, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1987 Harold E. Varmus, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1989 Michael W. Young, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2017 Serge Haroche, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2012 J. Michael Kosterlitz, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2016 Anthony J. Leggett, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2013 Shuji Nakamura, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 H. David Politzer, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2004 Rainer Weiss, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2017 Robert Woodrow Wilson, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1978 David J. Wineland, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2012 Hiroshi Amano, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 Barry Clark Barish, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2017 Jerome I. Friedman, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1990 Sheldon Glashow, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1979 Brian D. Josephson, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1973 Takaaki Kajita, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2015 Wolfgang Ketterle, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2001 John C. Mather, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2006 Michel Mayor, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2019 Arthur B. McDonald, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2015 Arno Penzias, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1978 Horst L. Stormer, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1998 Joseph H. Taylor Jr., Nobel Prize in Physics, 1993 Carl E. Wieman, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2001 Déclaration des lauréats du prix Nobel aux dirigeants du monde lors du Sommet sur le climat : laissez les combustibles fossiles dans le sol

En tant que lauréats du prix Nobel de la paix, de littérature, de médecine, de physique et d’économie, et comme tant d'autres personnes à travers le monde, nous sommes saisis par la grande question morale de notre temps : la crise climatique et la destruction de la nature qu’elle engendre.

Le changement climatique menace des centaines de millions de vies et de moyens de subsistance sur tous les continents et met en danger des milliers d'espèces. La combustion des énergies fossiles - pétrole, gaz et charbon - est de loin la principale cause du changement climatique.

Nous vous adressons cette lettre aujourd'hui, à la veille de la Journée de la Terre 2021 et du Sommet des dirigeants sur le climat, organisé par le président Biden, pour vous demander d'agir dès maintenant pour éviter une catastrophe climatique, en mettant fin à l’expansion de la production de pétrole, de gaz et de charbon.

Nous saluons la reconnaissance du président Biden et du gouvernement américain, dans le Décret exécutif, du fait que : "Ensemble, nous devons écouter la science et être à la hauteur du moment présent". Pour être à la hauteur, il faut apporter des réponses à la crise climatique qui définissent les héritages, et les conditions requises pour être du bon côté de l'Histoire sont claires.

Depuis bien trop longtemps, les gouvernements sont restés scandaleusement à la traîne de ce que la science exige et de ce qu’un mouvement populaire puissant et en pleine expansion ne cesse de répéter : il faut agir de toute urgence pour mettre fin à l'expansion de la production de combustibles fossiles, éliminer progressivement la production actuelle et investir dans les énergies renouvelables.

La combustion des fossiles est responsable de près de 80 % des émissions de dioxyde de carbone depuis la révolution industrielle. En plus d'être la principale source d'émissions, l'extraction, le raffinage, le transport et la combustion des fossiles entraînent des coûts économiques locaux importants liés à la pollution ainsi qu’à la dégradation de l'environnement et de la santé. Ces coûts sont souvent payés par les peuples autochtones et les communautés marginalisées. Aussi, certaines pratiques industrielles criminelles conduisent à des violations des droits humains et à un système de combustibles fossiles qui laisse des milliards de personnes dans le monde sans énergie suffisante pour mener une vie digne.

Pour les êtres humains et pour la planète, il est nécessaire de continuer à soutenir la lutte contre le changement climatique par le biais de la Convention-cadre des Nations unies sur les changements climatiques et de son Accord de Paris. Si nous ne parvenons pas à respecter la limite de température de 1,5°C fixée par cet accord, nous risquons de pousser le monde vers un réchauffement climatique catastrophique.

Cependant, l'Accord de Paris ne fait aucune mention du pétrole, du gaz et du charbon. Pendant ce temps, l'industrie des fossiles continue à planifier de nouveaux projets que les banques continuent à financer. Selon le dernier rapport du Programme des Nations unies pour l'environnement, d'ici 2030, la production de pétrole, de gaz et de charbon augmentera de 120 % par rapport à ce qui est nécessaire pour limiter le réchauffement à 1,5 °C. Les efforts visant à respecter l'Accord de Paris et à réduire la demande de combustibles fossiles seront donc compromis si l'offre continue de croître.

La solution est claire : les combustibles fossiles doivent rester dans le sol.

Ce sont les dirigeants, et non l'industrie, qui détiennent le pouvoir et ont la responsabilité morale de prendre des mesures audacieuses pour résoudre cette crise. Nous appelons les dirigeants du monde à travailler ensemble dans un esprit de coopération internationale pour :

● Mettre fin à toute nouvelle expansion de la production de pétrole, de gaz et de charbon, conformément aux meilleures données scientifiques disponibles, telles que décrites par le Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat et le Programme des Nations unies pour l'environnement ;

● Éliminer progressivement la production actuelle de pétrole, de gaz et de charbon, de manière juste et équitable, en tenant compte des responsabilités de chaque pays en matière de changement climatique, de leur dépendance respective à l'égard des combustibles fossiles et de leur capacité de transition ;

● Investir dans un plan de transformation visant à garantir un accès à 100 % aux énergies renouvelables dans le monde entier, à aider les économies dépendantes à se détourner des combustibles fossiles, permettant ainsi aux personnes et aux communautés de s'épanouir grâce à une transition mondiale juste. Les combustibles fossiles sont les principaux responsables du changement climatique. Permettre l'expansion continue de cette industrie est inadmissible. Le système des combustibles fossiles est mondial et nécessite une solution mondiale - une solution vers laquelle le Sommet des dirigeants sur le climat doit tendre. Et la première étape consiste à garder les combustibles fossiles dans le sol.

Signataires His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama, Nobel Peace Prize, 1989 Jody Williams, International Campaign to Ban Landmines, Nobel Peace Prize, 1997 Juan Manuel Santos, Former President of Colombia, Nobel Peace Prize, 2016 Tawakkol Karman, Women Journalists Without Chains, Nobel Peace Prize, 2011 Mairead Corrigan-Maguire, Northern Ireland Peace Movement, Nobel Peace Prize, 1976 Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, Argentinian Human rights leader, Nobel Peace Prize, 1980 Rigoberta Menchú Tum, K’iche’ Guatemalan human rights activist, Nobel Peace Prize, 1992 José Manuel Ramos-Horta, Former President of East Timor, Nobel Peace Prize, 1996 Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo, East Timorese Roman Catholic Bishop, Nobel Peace Prize, 1996 Shirin Ebadi, Iran's first female judge, Nobel Peace Prize, 2003 Leymah Roberta Gbowee, Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace, Nobel Peace Prize, 2011 Kailash Satyarthi, Bachpan Bachao Andolan, Nobel Peace Prize, 2014 Denis Mukwege, Founder, Panzi Hospital, Bukavu, Nobel Peace Prize, 2018 Muhammad Yunus, Founder of Grameen Bank, Nobel Peace Prize, 2006 Paul Berg, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1980 Thomas R. Cech, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1989 Martin Chalfie, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2008 Aaron Ciechanover, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2004 Richard R. Ernst, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1991 Joachim Frank, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2017 Walter Gilbert, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1980 Richard Henderson, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2017 Dudley R. Herschbach, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1986 Avram Hershko, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2004 Roald Hoffmann, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1981 Brian K. Kobilka, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2012 Roger D. Kornberg, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2006 Yuan T. Lee, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1986 Robert J. Lefkowitz, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2012 Michael Levitt, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2013 Rudolph A. Marcus, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1992 Hartmut Michel, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1988 George P. Smith, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2018 Sir James Fraser Stoddart, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2016 Frances H. Arnold, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2018 Johann Deisenhofer, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1988 Roderick MacKinnon, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2003 William E. Moerner, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2014 Richard R. Schrock, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2005 Sir John E. Walker, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1997 Kurt Wüthrich, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2002 Oliver Hart, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2016 Eric S. Maskin, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2007 Edmund S. Phelps, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2006 Robert F. Engle III, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2003 Paul R. Milgrom, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2020 Christopher A. Pissarides, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2010 Wole Soyinka, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 1986 Elfriede Jelinek, Nobel Prize in Literature, 2005 Harvey J. Alter, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2020 Elizabeth H. Blackburn, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2009 Mario R. Capecchi, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2007 Peter C. Doherty, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1996 Andrew Z. Fire, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2006 Carol W. Greider, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2009 Jeffrey Connor Hall, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2017 Leland H. Hartwell, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2001 Tim Hunt, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2001 Louis J. Ignarro, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1998 Sir Richard J. Roberts, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1993 Gregg L. Semenza, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2019 Thomas C. Sudhof, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2013 Jack W. Szostak, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2009 J. Robin Warren, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2005 Torsten N. Wiesel, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1981 William C. Campbell, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2015 Harald zur Hausen, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2008 H. Robert Horvitz, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2002 William G. Kaelin Jr., Nobel Prize in Physics, 2019 Eric R. Kandel, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2000 Edvard Moser, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 May-Britt Moser, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 John O'Keefe, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 Yoshinori Ohsumi, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2016 Charles M. Rice, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2020 Hamilton O. Smith, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1978 Susumu Tonegawa, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1987 Harold E. Varmus, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1989 Michael W. Young, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2017 Serge Haroche, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2012 J. Michael Kosterlitz, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2016 Anthony J. Leggett, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2013 Shuji Nakamura, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 H. David Politzer, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2004 Rainer Weiss, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2017 Robert Woodrow Wilson, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1978 David J. Wineland, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2012 Hiroshi Amano, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 Barry Clark Barish, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2017 Jerome I. Friedman, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1990 Sheldon Glashow, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1979 Brian D. Josephson, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1973 Takaaki Kajita, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2015 Wolfgang Ketterle, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2001 John C. Mather, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2006 Michel Mayor, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2019 Arthur B. McDonald, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2015 Arno Penzias, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1978 Horst L. Stormer, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1998 Joseph H. Taylor Jr., Nobel Prize in Physics, 1993 Carl E. Wieman, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2001 Declaración de los Premios Nobel a los líderes mundiales de la Cumbre sobre el Clima: Dejen los combustibles fósiles bajo tierra

Como Premios Nobel de la paz, literatura, medicina, física y economía, y al igual que tantas personas alrededor del planeta, nos sentimos interpelados por el gran problema moral de nuestro tiempo: la crisis climática y la consiguiente destrucción de la naturaleza.

El cambio climático amenaza a cientos de millones de vidas y medios de subsistencia en todos los continentes y pone en peligro a miles de especies. La quema de combustibles fósiles -petróleo, gas y carbón - es, de lejos, la principal causa del cambio climático.

Les dirigimos esta carta hoy, en vísperas del Día de la Tierra 2021 y de la Cumbre de Líderes por el Cambio Climático, organizada por el Presidente Biden, pidiéndoles que actúen desde ahora, poniendo fin a la expansión de la producción de petróleo, gas y carbón, para evitar una catástrofe climática.

Acogemos con satisfacción el reconocimiento del Presidente Biden y del gobierno de los Estados Unidos en la Orden Ejecutiva de que: "Juntos, debemos escuchar a la ciencia y estar a la altura del momento presente". De hecho, estar a la altura del momento requiere respuestas a la crisis climática que definirán los legados, y los requisitos para estar en el lado correcto de la Historia son claros.

Durante demasiado tiempo, los gobiernos se han quedado, escandalosamente, por detrás de lo que exige la ciencia y de lo que un creciente y poderoso movimiento popular no deja de repetir: es necesario actuar urgentemente para poner fin a la expansión de la producción de combustibles fósiles, eliminar gradualmente la producción actual e invertir en energías renovables.

La quema de combustibles fósiles es responsable de casi el 80% de las emisiones de dióxido de carbono desde la revolución industrial. Además de ser la principal fuente de emisiones, la extracción, el refinado, el transporte y la quema de combustibles fósiles conllevan costos locales de contaminación, medioambientales y sanitarios. Estos costos suelen ser asumidos Pueblos Indígenas y comunidades marginalizadas. Es más, algunas prácticas indignantes de la industria han dado lugar a violaciones de los derechos humanos y a un sistema de combustibles fósiles que ha dejado a miles de millones de personas en todo el mundo sin energía suficiente para llevar una vida digna. Tanto para los seres humanos como para el planeta, hay que seguir apoyando la lucha contra el cambio climático a través de la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático y su Acuerdo de París. Si no se cumple el límite de temperatura de 1,5 °C del Acuerdo de París, se corre el riesgo de empujar al mundo hacia un calentamiento global catastrófico.

Sin embargo, el Acuerdo de París no menciona ni el petróleo, ni el gas ni el carbón. Y mientras tanto, la industria de los combustibles fósiles sigue planificando nuevos proyectos que los bancos siguen financiando. Según el último informe del Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente, en 2030, se producirá un 120% más de carbón, petróleo y gas de lo que es compatible con la limitación del calentamiento a 1,5 °C. Por lo tanto, los esfuerzos por respetar el Acuerdo de París y reducir la demanda de combustibles fósiles se verán socavados si la oferta sigue creciendo.

La solución está clara: hay que mantener los combustibles fósiles bajo tierra.

Los líderes, y no la industria, tienen el poder y la responsabilidad moral de tomar medidas audaces para hacer frente a esta crisis. Hacemos un llamamiento a los líderes mundiales para que trabajen juntos en un espíritu de cooperación internacional para:

● Poner fin a la nueva expansión de la producción de petróleo, gas y carbón, de acuerdo con los mejores datos científicos disponibles, tal y como señalan el Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Climático y el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente;

● Eliminar gradualmente la producción actual de petróleo, gas y carbón, de forma justa y equitativa, teniendo en cuenta las responsabilidades de cada país en el cambio climático y su dependencia respectiva hacia los combustibles fósiles, y capacidad de transición;

● Invertir en un plan de transformación que garantice el acceso al 100% a las energías renovables en todo el mundo, que apoye a las economías dependientes para que se alejen de los combustibles fósiles y que permita a las personas y a las comunidades prosperar a través de una transición global justa.

Los combustibles fósiles son los que más contribuyen al cambio climático. Permitir la continua expansión de esta industria es inadmisible. El sistema de combustibles fósiles es global y requiere una solución global, una solución por la cual debe trabajar la Cumbre de Líderes sobre el Cambio Climático. Y el primer paso consiste en dejar los combustibles fósiles bajo tierra. Firmantes His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama, Nobel Peace Prize, 1989 Jody Williams, International Campaign to Ban Landmines, Nobel Peace Prize, 1997 Juan Manuel Santos, Former President of Colombia, Nobel Peace Prize, 2016 Tawakkol Karman, Women Journalists Without Chains, Nobel Peace Prize, 2011 Mairead Corrigan-Maguire, Northern Ireland Peace Movement, Nobel Peace Prize, 1976 Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, Argentinian Human rights leader, Nobel Peace Prize, 1980 Rigoberta Menchú Tum, K’iche’ Guatemalan human rights activist, Nobel Peace Prize, 1992 José Manuel Ramos-Horta, Former President of East Timor, Nobel Peace Prize, 1996 Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo, East Timorese Roman Catholic Bishop, Nobel Peace Prize, 1996 Shirin Ebadi, Iran's first female judge, Nobel Peace Prize, 2003 Leymah Roberta Gbowee, Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace, Nobel Peace Prize, 2011 Kailash Satyarthi, Bachpan Bachao Andolan, Nobel Peace Prize, 2014 Denis Mukwege, Founder, Panzi Hospital, Bukavu, Nobel Peace Prize, 2018 Muhammad Yunus, Founder of Grameen Bank, Nobel Peace Prize, 2006 Paul Berg, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1980 Thomas R. Cech, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1989 Martin Chalfie, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2008 Aaron Ciechanover, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2004 Richard R. Ernst, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1991 Joachim Frank, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2017 Walter Gilbert, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1980 Richard Henderson, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2017 Dudley R. Herschbach, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1986 Avram Hershko, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2004 Roald Hoffmann, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1981 Brian K. Kobilka, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2012 Roger D. Kornberg, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2006 Yuan T. Lee, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1986 Robert J. Lefkowitz, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2012 Michael Levitt, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2013 Rudolph A. Marcus, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1992 Hartmut Michel, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1988 George P. Smith, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2018 Sir James Fraser Stoddart, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2016 Frances H. Arnold, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2018 Johann Deisenhofer, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1988 Roderick MacKinnon, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2003 William E. Moerner, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2014 Richard R. Schrock, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2005 Sir John E. Walker, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1997 Kurt Wüthrich, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2002 Oliver Hart, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2016 Eric S. Maskin, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2007 Edmund S. Phelps, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2006 Robert F. Engle III, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2003 Paul R. Milgrom, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2020 Christopher A. Pissarides, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 2010 Wole Soyinka, Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, 1986 Elfriede Jelinek, Nobel Prize in Literature, 2005 Harvey J. Alter, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2020 Elizabeth H. Blackburn, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2009 Mario R. Capecchi, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2007 Peter C. Doherty, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1996 Andrew Z. Fire, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2006 Carol W. Greider, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2009 Jeffrey Connor Hall, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2017 Leland H. Hartwell, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2001 Tim Hunt, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2001 Louis J. Ignarro, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1998 Sir Richard J. Roberts, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1993 Gregg L. Semenza, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2019 Thomas C. Sudhof, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2013 Jack W. Szostak, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2009 J. Robin Warren, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 2005 Torsten N. Wiesel, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1981 William C. Campbell, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2015 Harald zur Hausen, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2008 H. Robert Horvitz, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2002 William G. Kaelin Jr., Nobel Prize in Physics, 2019 Eric R. Kandel, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2000 Edvard Moser, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 May-Britt Moser, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 John O'Keefe, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 Yoshinori Ohsumi, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2016 Charles M. Rice, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2020 Hamilton O. Smith, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1978 Susumu Tonegawa, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1987 Harold E. Varmus, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1989 Michael W. Young, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2017 Serge Haroche, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2012 J. Michael Kosterlitz, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2016 Anthony J. Leggett, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2013 Shuji Nakamura, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 H. David Politzer, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2004 Rainer Weiss, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2017 Robert Woodrow Wilson, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1978 David J. Wineland, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2012 Hiroshi Amano, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2014 Barry Clark Barish, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2017 Jerome I. Friedman, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1990 Sheldon Glashow, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1979 Brian D. Josephson, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1973 Takaaki Kajita, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2015 Wolfgang Ketterle, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2001 John C. Mather, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2006 Michel Mayor, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2019 Arthur B. McDonald, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2015 Arno Penzias, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1978 Horst L. Stormer, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1998 Joseph H. Taylor Jr., Nobel Prize in Physics, 1993 Carl E. Wieman, Nobel Prize in Physics, 2001